Introduction to Atomic Theory · 5/31/2014 1 2 Introduction to Atomic Theory یمتا یروئت...

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Introduction to Atomic Theory

مقدمه ای بر تئوری اتمی

Mortimer, C.E.; Müller, U.; Beck, J. “Chemie“ 11th Ed. Stuttgart 2014.

John Dalton 1766– 1844 Joseph J. Thomson, 1856–1940

q/m (Electron) = − 1.7588 108 C/g

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q = − e = − 1.6022 10-19 C

q/m (Electron) = − 1.7588 108 C/g m = 9.1094 10-28 g

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Robert Millikan (1868-1953)

Nobel Prize in Physics in 1923

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m = 1.6726 10-24 g

q/m (p) = 9.5791 104

C/g

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Isotopes of Elements

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Peaks of neon injected

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Bar graph of neon injected

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Isotopic abundance12C makes up 98.89% of C, and 13C is 1.11%, calculate the average atomic mass of C:

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Mass from 12C atoms

12.000 x 0.9889

Mass from 13C atoms+

13.003 x 0.0111+ = 12.01

Mass from 35Cl Mass from 37Cl+

34.969 x 0.7577 36.966 x 0.2423+ = 35.453

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