Revue de presse IoT / Data du 13/03/2017Bonjour,

Voici la revue de presse IoT/data/energie du 13 mars 2017.

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1. Les compteurs connectés surestiment la consommation d'électricité2. Robots could run UK power grid: British company DeepMind in talks3. UK project seeks to turn car park into large-scale energy storage battery4. After Shale, Data Could Be Next Big Energy Innovation5. GE’s $30 Million Streetlamp Upgrade Illuminates The Rewards And Risks Of Smart

Cities6. Que pensent les plus grands innovateurs de la question énergétique ?

Les compteurs connectés surestiment laconsommation d'électricitéSource URL:http://www.silicon.fr/les-compteurs-intelligents-saffolent-avec-les-ampoules-et-les-led-170077.htmlUne étude universitaire montre que plusieurs compteurs intelligents donnent des relevéssurestimés. La conception des compteurs est montré du doigt.

Des universitaires ont testé en laboratoire des compteurs électriques connectés deplusieurs constructeurs. Ils ont constaté que ces matériels donnent de faussesinformations concernant la consommation d’énergie avec des dépassements pouvantatteindre 582% par rapport à la consommation réelle.

L’étude a porté sur plusieurs tests concernant 9 marques de compteurs intelligentsprésents au Pays-Bas. Ils ont été fabriqués entre 2004 et 2014. Pour mener à bien leurtest et réaliser des comparaisons les scientifiques de l’université de Twente et del’université des Sciences Appliquées d’Amsterdam ont pris les mesures avec uncompteur « traditionnel » dit électromécanique.

Une variation de -32% à +582%Sur un banc de test (cf photo ci-dessus), les chercheurs ont relié les compteursintelligents à différents appareils domestiques comme des ampoules basse

consommation, des chauffages, des LED et des variateurs. Ces expérimentations ontduré six mois. En général, les tests individuels ont duré sept jours, mais ils ont parfoisduré plusieurs semaines. L’objectif des experts était de reproduire une consommationrégulière en énergie des ménages et non de soumettre les compteurs intelligentes à desconditions optimales.

Et les résultats des tests varient énormément. Certains compteurs indiquent des erreursde consommation dans une fourchette très importante : -32% à +582%. Pour lesrésultats les plus incongrus, les tests ont été répétés plusieurs fois afin de s’assurer deleur véracité. In fine, ces sur-estimations se rapprochent des mécontentementsd’utilisateurs sur un forum hollandais. Ils trouvaient leur facture d’électricité trop élevée.

Conception des compteurs perturbée par LED etampoulesLes plus grands écarts de consommation ont été observés quand les chercheurs ontcombiné des variateurs avec des ampoules basse-consommation et des LED. Pourconnaître les raisons de ce dysfonctionnement, ils ont démonté les compteurs incriminés.Ces derniers utilisent une bobine Rogowski et que les compteurs minimisant laconsommation utilisent des capteurs basés sur l’effet Hall. En fait, les scientifiquesconsidèrent que les appareils électriques de dernière génération comme les LED ou lesampoules basse-consommation génèrent trop de bruits dans le courant électrique etperturbent les capteurs chargés d’enregistrer la consommation énergétique.

Le rapport des experts ne donne pas les noms des constructeurs des compteurs testés.Nous avons posé la question à ERDF pour savoir si le compteur Linky pouvait êtreconcerné par cette recherche universitaire. Pour l’instant, ERDF ne nous a pas répondu.Avec des doutes sur la validité des informations récoltées par les compteurs intelligents,les anti-Linky vont avoir des éléments supplémentaires pour dénoncer l’équipement desmaisons et des appartements avec des compteurs intelligents.

Robots could run UK power grid: Britishcompany DeepMind in talksSource URL:http://www.dailymail.co.uk/~/article-4306742/index.htmlBy City & Finance Reporter for the Daily Mail

Published: 21:24 GMT, 12 March 2017 | Updated: 21:24 GMT, 12 March 2017

Google is seeking to give its artificial intelligence system a key role in controlling Britain’spower network.

The tech giant’s machine learning business DeepMind has reportedly been in talks withthe National Grid over plugging into the UK’s electrical systems.

It aims to improve efficiency, with the firm’s algorithm able to analyse everything from TVviewing patterns to the weather as it predicts peaks and troughs in energy demand.

Google's machine learning business DeepMind has reportedly been in talks with theNational Grid

‘There’s huge potential for predictive machine-learning technology to help energy systemsreduce their environmental impact,’ a DeepMind spokesman said.

‘One really interesting possibility is whether we could help the National Grid maximise theuse of renewables through using machine learning to predict peaks and demand insupply.’

Google’s holding company Alphabet uses the algorithm to cut power consumption at itshuge data centres, allowing it to slash the energy required to keep them cool by 40 percent.

UK project seeks to turn car park intolarge-scale energy storage batterySource URL:https://www.energy-storage.news/news/uk-project-seeks-to-turn-car-park-into-large-scale-energy-storage-batteryPublished: 8 Mar 2017, 11:52By: David Pratt

Net-Form will be the sixth V2G project Cenex has contributed to. Credit: BMW

A new project is set to test the feasibility of turning a UK car park into a MW-scale batteryto provide power on demandto the electricity grid from electric vehicles.

Part funded by Innovate UK, the year-long Net-Form project in Solihull will develop asecure data management platform that collects, aggregates and optimises energycollected from grid-connected EVs at a single location.

It will evaluate the opportunity to provide a managed charging service and income to EVowners who could provide access to their vehicles via a secure mobile application.

Working in partnership with Encraft, Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council, Costain PLC,Aston University and Western Power Distribution (WPD), Cenex has been selected to offerguidance on vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology and work with EV owners.

Robert Evans, chief executive at Cenex, said: “Cenex is excited to join the team leadingthis innovative vehicle-to-grid research project. This feasibility study targets consumerengagement, a key building block in understanding how to operationalise vehicle-to-gridoperation in the UK.

“We think this project will have some interesting outputs that will help shape the way EVowners interact with V2G in the future.”

Net-Form will be the sixth V2G project Cenex has contributed to, however, the researchcentre says it is unique in that it integrates and analyses diverse sets of data and time-sensitive information to optimise the energy system in a non-invasive way.

Linda Forbes, Encraft’s commercial and innovation projects manager, added: “The Net-Form project will yield results that inform how EVs, smart ICT systems and big data canwork together to manage and direct energy flows in support of a low carbon economy.”

V2G technology remains in its infancy as a number of barriers to deployment have yet tobe overcome, such as the potential for less energy to be stored within the vehicle thanwhen it was left by the driver or the increased number of cycles an EV’s batteryundergoes.

However, increased forecasts for EV market penetration has led some to point out thelooming impact electrification of transport is likely to have on the grid. Speaking at lastweek's Energy Storage Summit, Sam Goss, investment director for energy at Octopus,claimed the impact of EVs is "being relatively ignored", adding that they couldrepressent roughly 1GWh of batteries to the system.

After Shale, Data Could Be Next BigEnergy InnovationSource URL:https://www.law360.com/articles/898935/after-shale-data-could-be-next-big-energy-innovationBy Michelle CasadyLaw360, Houston (March 6, 2017, 10:18 PM EST) -- Those in the oil and gas industrylooking for the next big technological advancement following the shale boom may need tolook no further than data, an under-utilized tool that could make the industry moreproductive and efficient in the future, according to leaders in the field.Ashok Belani, executive vice president of technology for Schlumberger Limited, wasamong the industry professionals who addressed the audience at IHS Markit'sCERAWeek 2017 energy conference in Houston Monday. He said that big data will be thekey to making the industry more efficient moving forward and that analytics aren't beingutilized as they should be, saying while the industry may be “data proficient” it isn't usingit to the extent modern technology allows.

He said the goal of the industry is to do more for less, and in that mold, while U.S. shalehas become more productive by drilling longer laterals, and other advancements alongthose lines, it's not really a “technological game changer,” but is more akin to “doing thesame thing, a little bit more advanced.” But data, he said, presents capabilities theindustry hasn't utilized.

“In fact, there are many consulting companies which would say in the world of data anddigital, the oil and gas industry is actually still a laggard compared to many industries inthe world," he said. "And therein lies the opportunity for all the three aspects of work in

the [exploration and production] business, where we are either trying to find oil orestablish reserves or we're trying to drill.... For all of these three sections of activity thereis a big upside.”

He said he envisions advancements in coming months and years that will allow for theE&P workflow to be done much more efficiently, where data is being organized and usedin real time. Belani said the industry should soon be at a place where each well it drills willbe better than the last, because of data analytics, but it's not there yet.

John Hess, chief executive officer of Hess Corp., said the industry is still “in the very earlyinnings” of being able to realize and utilize technology and data to its advantage, but asan example pointed to its role in helping the shale industry recover from a slump in prices.The power of data analytics, he said, should not be underestimated.

“One of the areas where we're seeing its impact is in the [Bakken shale region], where wehave gotten to the point ... where when we pick a well location we can pretty much, withina small range of accuracy, figure out how much reserves are in that well," he said. "So thecapital efficiency effect is huge — the effect on planning, on where and how long you candrill wells and how to frack them, there's huge savings from this. And that's just, I'd say,the tip of the iceberg, in terms of what data can do."

GE’s $30 Million Streetlamp UpgradeIlluminates The Rewards And Risks OfSmart CitiesSource URL:https://www.fastcompany.com/3068550/san-diego-ge-smart-city-streetlamps-privacy-sensors

GE insists its San Diego project—part of a global ‘smartcity’ push, with connected sensors, cameras andmicrophones—will protect privacy.By Steven Melendez03.09.17 | 10:00 am

Thousands of new “smart” streetlights to be rolled out across the city of San Diego will beconnected to a city-wide network, allowing officials to adjust their brightness and detectoutages from afar. But in addition to giving off light, they will also be pulling in informationabout what’s going on around them.

Last month, San Diego announced it would install a 3,200-node sensor platform in soon-to-be-upgraded streetlights across the city this summer, in what officials say will be theworld’s largest smart-city Internet of Things (IoT) network. The $30 million program is partof a deal with General Electric’sCurrent unit, as the city upgrades 14,000 streetlights toCurrent’s energy-saving Evolve LED systems.

The streetlamps—equipped with cameras, microphones, and other sensors—will capturedata from the surrounding environment in order to track everything from traffic flow andparking spot usage to the levels of pollutants in the air. Eventually, the company says, thelights could support additional sensors and digital tools as the city’s needs evolve.

“When you want to make this an air traffic control system for drones because there’s somany of them flying over the city, you now have an extensible platform to put that in,”says John Gordon, chief digital officer for Current.

A network of this scale—larger than any other known public urban sensor network—naturally raises privacy concerns, especially if it could collect data that could be used totrack individuals living in the city. “The key question is, are these sensors gatheringinformation about identifiable people?” says Adam Schwartz, a senior staff attorney withthe Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF). “And if they are, it’s surveillance.”

Schwartz has written about smart cities and privacy in the past, though he says he hasn’tstudied the San Diego proposal.

But Current executives emphasize that in ordinary cases, raw audio and video are nevertransmitted to central servers—current bandwidth concerns alone would make thatimpractical, says Gordon.

The raw data that could include more personal details will only be stored in temporarybuffers on the devices and soon deleted, says GE. City officials say they have no plans touse anything but aggregated and anonymized data, which will be generated by Intelprocessors within the fixtures. The city says it also intends to make the data availablepublicly to researchers and others.

“We don’t send back the images—we send back counts of people, speeds of cars, dataabout air quality,” Gordon says. “It’s the metadata we send back.”

"‘The citizens have never been able to participate in building those solutions because itwas so hard to put real infrastructure in the city to make that work.’"

All of the data that’s sent back belongs to the city under the terms of the agreement,allowing agencies to work with startups, university researchers, and others who areequipped to make us of it. That differs from many previous smart city and urban IoTprograms, in which data and processing are typically all provided by one vendor, Gordonsays.

“The citizens benefit from it, but the citizens have never been able to participate inbuilding those solutions because it was so hard to put real infrastructure in the city tomake that work,” he says.

The city hopes to start making data available by the end of the year, potentially holdinghackathons to encourage developers to find innovative ways to process the information,says Jen Lebron, press secretary for Mayor Kevin Faulconer. Current will also providetechnical support, as well as tools like apps for locating open parking spaces, Gordonsays. The company also touts Predix, a cloud-based platform focused on sensors,machinery, and other connected devices that will allow municipal developers tools toaccess data from the streetlamps.

The savings from the system’s more efficient lighting—estimated to be about $2.4 million

a year—are expected to cover the $30 million cost of the project through a 13-year leasepurchase agreement, according to city documents. GE’s Current—initially launched as aninternal startup focusing on clean energy and digital management tools—reportedlypivoted last yearto emphasize connected lighting and energy management tools likethose being installed in San Diego. GE made a similar “smart city” push in 2015, toutingpotential deals with New York and other cities.

The Current ambition is in line with a growing global interest in “smart cities.” Gartnerestimates that 1.39 billion connected things will be used by smart cities in 2017, up from380 million in 2010. According to a 2014 estimate by analyst firm Frost and Sullivan, thetotal global smart cities market is expected to grow to $1.54 trillion dollars by the end ofthe decade.

Late last month, GE expanded its reach in the “smart city” market with a deal it signedwith AT&T to make the telecom the exclusive reseller of Current’s sensor nodes in the U.S.and Mexico. The arrangement, a press release said, “builds on AT&T’s long-standingrelationships with municipalities,” as well as on AT&T’s participation in the Predix platform.

What San Diego’s Sensors Do

San Diego has an ongoing pilot program withShotSpotter, a service that deploys its ownsensors to detect the sound of gunfire and alert police when shots are fired. (Thougharound the country, some have questioned the efficacy of the sensors and worried aboutprivacy abuses.) The sensors from Current can also be used to trigger ShotSpotter alerts,with the advantage that they’ll be distributed across the city, rather than concentrated inhigh crime regions, says Gordon. Still, the city doesn’t have any plans to immediatelydeploy that feature or otherwise expand its ShotSpotter program, Lebron says.

A promotional video by the City of San Diego for its smart street light project

The new streetlamp sensor nodes will relay data through AT&T’s wireless network and willalso be able to wirelessly communicate with additional sensors that may be installed lateron. The city might add air quality sensors, which would likely be more useful at humannose level than on tops of streetlights, or add additional tools for future applications,Gordon says. Current can also send software updates to the nodes for processing newdata or learning from existing feeds in new ways.

Actual raw data will be stored in a temporary buffer at each node, overwritten over time asnew data comes in, says Gordon. And data available to developers will never contain anyraw images or audio—only data that, say, an object passed by a sensor.

Privacy And Security Questions

Schwartz says the EFF generally advocates that cities adopt rigorous privacy policies forpublic data collection systems. City governments should also they make sure that officialsfully understand the privacy ramifications of sensor technology and allow the public toweigh in before it’s adopted, he says.

“What I can say is, in general, we are anxious that there is a movement going forward atgreat speed in the name of smart cities that is not slowing down enough to consider thesurveillance ramifications,” he says. “We think that cities ought to adopt an ordinance or a

law that says before any city agency acquires any technology that is documenting howindividual people are living their lives in public places, there needs to be an open,democratic process to decide whether to acquire that technology.”

Lebron stresses that the system’s data collection won’t violate privacy. “The data that willbe available online is completely anonymous,” she says.

In San Diego, the city reported a previous pilot program in 2014 didn’t draw any privacyconcerns, and the current plan passed the City Council without privacy issues beingraised, according to Lebron. The American Civil Liberties Union of San Diego declined tocomment about the project, saying it hadn’t yet studied the program in detail, thoughother affiliates of the organization have expressed skepticism about some smart citiesinitiatives that could infringe on privacy.

Security experts have also warned that smart city networks can be a rich target forhackers. Some have warned that attacks on smart cities could siphon away potentiallysensitive data or interfere with connected infrastructure like traffic and streetlights. AT&T,which is providing network connectivity for the devices, has said its deployment will be“highly secure.”

But researchers stress that addressing the threat will likely require city, state, and federalofficials, as well as private contractors, to defend smart networks, especially at theirweakest points.

“Preparedness varies widely,” wrote researchers in a paper presented at the 2015 BlackHat security conference. “Some cities have their act together, but others are a snarl ofindividual fiefdoms built upon homegrown technological houses of cards.”

Lebron emphasizes that the only data transmitted from the sensors will be the processedmetadata about events and readings, which will be made available to the public and will,the city and Current hope, prove useful to developers and researchers in surprising ways.

The data may be made available through the city’s existing Open Data Portal orsomething similar, she says, with details to be hashed out in the coming months.

“We’re outputting data, and then it’s up to developers to do something with that data,”Lebron says.

The San Diego system is expected to be fully installed by fall 2018, and Current isworking on a 1,000-light trial with Atlanta, as well as with other cities around the country—including Jacksonville, Cleveland, and Schenectady—on potential future projects. Thecompany has also formed an intelligent lighting partnership with the city of Tianjin, China,.

“We have a pretty rich pipeline of cities that all have been either testing or piloting,” saysMaryrose Sylvester, president and CEO of Current. “I think San Diego moving forwardreally opens up the market.”

About the author

Steven Melendez is an independent journalist living in New Orleans.

Que pensent les plus grands innovateursde la question énergétique ? -EnergyStreamSource URL: https://www.energystream-wavestone.com/2017/03/que-pensent-les-plus-grands-innovateurs-de-la-question-energetique/Au rythme actuel de notre consommation mondiale d’énergie, celle-ci doublera d’ici 2050.On pose alors la question qui fâche : comment maintenir un même niveau de productiond’énergie sur le long terme, tout en respectant l’environnement ? La transition vers lerenouvelable apparaît comme inévitable, pourtant les technologies actuelles en sont austade d’embryon lorsqu’on les compare à l’ampleur de nos besoins futurs.

A l’image du Breakthrough Energy Coalition, créé en 2015 par Bill Gates et 27 autresinvestisseurs privés, les grands innovateurs de ce monde n’hésitent pas à engager leursimages publiques et ressources personnelles afin d’amorcer une prise de consciencecollective de ce problème planétaire croissant.

Parmi les plus engagés en faveur d’une révolution énergétique, on pense tout de suite àBill Gates ou à Elon Musk, pour ne citer qu’eux. Toutefois, leurs contributions respectivesau débat ne sont pas toujours claires dans nos esprits. Découvrons ensemble les prisesde positions et actions de chacun.

Bill Gates : un effort collectif mondial pour favoriserl’innovationDans ses articles publiés sur son blog Gates Notes, le fondateur et ex-PDG de Microsoftest clair : il nous faut impérativement mettre en place un nouveau modèled’investissement dans l’innovation énergétique. La bonne nouvelle : les technologiespermettant une production d’énergie propre, fiable et peu chère sont certainementréalisables. La moins bonne : leur développement demandera beaucoup de temps,d’argent, et un engagement mondial commun à la hauteur du défi.

Gates compare les avancées technologiques nécessaires, aux découvertes

« miraculeuses » ayant jadis donné jour au vaccin. Selon lui, une telle transformationénergétique ne se réalisera qu’à partir d’un gigantesque travail collectif desgouvernements, institutions de recherche, entreprises leaders du marché, et investisseursprivés.

Le second point phare de son discours révèle le côté businessman du philanthrope.Selon lui, la question n’est pas « le renouvelable est-il une solution technologiquementréalisable ? », mais plutôt « comment entretenir un même niveau de service sansaugmentation des coûts de production ? ». Il distingue alors cinq enjeux principaux :

Electricité : apporter au monde de l’électricité fiable, abordable et propreBâtiments : éliminer les émissions carbone de nos maisons, bureaux, hôpitaux,écoles, etc.Industrie : produire tout ce dont nous avons besoin sans émettre de gaz à effet deserreTransports : pouvoir se déplacer au quotidien sans émission carboneAlimentaire : nourrir la planète sans contribuer au réchauffement climatique

C’est dans cette optique que Gates a fondé leBreakthrough Energy Coalition, un fondd’investissement privé voué à financer des recherches pour des formes d’énergie propre.Toujours dans le même état d’esprit, certains se souviendront peut-être de sonintervention écrite lors de l’élection présidentielle américaine de 2016, quand ilargumentait la nécessité pour le futur gouvernement de favoriser une économied’innovation. Reste à voir si Mr Trump sera en phase avec l’un des visionnaires les plusbrillants et influents des cinquante dernières années.

Elon Musk : une énergie propre compétitive aux niveauxprix et performanceLorsque l’on parle innovations technologiques et projets futuristes, difficile de ne pas citerle brillant Elon Musk. Notamment PDG de SpaceX (il est aussi fondateur), Tesla Motors,SolarCity, et à l’origine de PayPal et OpenAI, il a également lancé le projet Hyperloop,excusez du peu ! Vous vous en doutez, ce génie de l’innovation rêve d’un écosystèmeviable pour le futur du transport et de l’énergie, deux secteurs dont les problématiquesactuelles sont étroitement liées.

Dans ses prises de parole, Musk aime à rappeler que la mission long terme de Tesla estd’accélérer la transition à l’énergie durable. Comment ? D’une part, en concevant desvoitures électriques plus performantes que les voitures traditionnelles, mais pas pluschères. Une fois cet objectif atteint, la transformation du secteur automobile vers desvéhicules non polluants se ferait naturellement. Et d’autre part, en permettant à chaquefoyer de produire sa propre énergie. C’est d’ailleurs tout récemment que Musk a dévoiléle panneau solaire Tesla accompagné de sa batterie pour maison (fin 2016).

Car le serial entrepreneur rêve d’un futur construit sur l’énergie solaire. Il affirme que lespromesses d’innovations technologiques ne manquent pas, mais qu’il nous reste àfranchir le « dernier kilomètre » pour passer à un écosystème énergétique durable. Quoiqu’il en soit, Elon Musk est sans aucun doute l’un des porte-parole du renouvelable lesplus influents au monde.

Richard Branson : un partenariat entre les secteurspublic et privéEt pour finir, Sir Richard Branson, bien qu’il ne soit certes pas le premier nom qui vienne àl’esprit quand on aborde le sujet des énergies renouvelables. Fondateur du groupe Virgin,rassemblant des entreprises telles que Virgin Records, Virgin Atlantic ou Virgin Mobile(parmi tant d’autres), il est pourtant un grand engagé de la cause. L’entrepreneurbritannique est par exemple un membre important du Breakthrough Energy Coalition,mentionné précédemment.

Branson s’est donné pour mission de faire passer au renouvelable dix îles-nations desCaraïbes (y compris sa petite île personnelle Necker Island), en cofondant le groupe anti-carbone baptisé Carbon War Room. Il a également initié le Virgin Earth Challenge,compétition ouverte offrant un prix de $25 millions (de sa fortune personnelle) àquiconque pourra démontrer une technologie permettant d’extraire du carbone del’atmosphère.

Le richissime investisseur partage régulièrement sur son blog sa vision de l’énergie et sonoptimisme pour le futur, en particulier sur l’avenir du solaire. Convaincu que laconcrétisation d’une révolution énergétique doit être amorcée par des entrepreneurs etinnovateurs comme lui, il rappelle que nous ne partons pas de zéro. Branson affirme quedes centaines, voire des milliers, de « solutions extraordinaires » ont déjà été testées etprouvées. Il se réjouit également de voir que de plus en plus de gouvernementscommencent à sérieusement réfléchir à des stratégies de transition vers le renouvelable.

Cependant, il manque encore un engagement mondial à la hauteur du défi.

En conclusion…On s’aperçoit rapidement que Gates, Musk et Branson proposent une vision similaire desenjeux actuels de l’énergie. Premièrement, une transformation profonde de l’écosystèmene se fera pas toute seule. Les gouvernements doivent s’unir pour engendrer uninvestissement collectif mondial sans précédent, puis le secteur privé suivra. Le projetITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor), un réacteur de recherche pourla fusion nucléaire, est un bon exemple du genre d’initiatives internationales quipermettront une telle révolution.

Secondement, il ne faut pas confondre idéologie et économie. L’énergie, c’est lent etcoûteux, et s’il ne faut fermer la porte à aucune solution, ce doit être avec des argumentstechniques et économiques solides, sans masquer que ce sera plus cher et très long. Enrésumé, l’essentiel à retenir permet de rester optimiste : il est tout à fait possibled’envisager un futur énergétique viable, tout en gardant une approche de businessmanréaliste qui pense d’abord aux aspects économiques du projet.

Références:

https://www.gatesnotes.com/Energy/Breakthrough-Energy-Ventures

https://qz.com/801858/bill-gates-four-ways-the-next-us-president-can-foster-an-innovation-economy/

https://www.gatesnotes.com/Energy/Energy-Miracles

http://www.cnbc.com/2016/07/20/tesla-motors-ceo-releases-new-master-plan.html

http://thefreethoughtproject.com/elon-musk-revolutionize-energy-solar/

https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/elon-musk-vision-energy-future-tesla-strong-role-utilities-buffett

http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2014/06/sir-richard-branson-were-killing-the-world.html

https://www.virgin.com/richard-branson/our-energy-future-is-bright

https://www.virgin.com/richard-branson/powering-better-future