: نقش استراتژیک فناوری اطالعات در کسب و کارها

E-BUSINESS STRATEGY:

The ways the business is using IT

e$

2

Fundamental Roles of IS/IT in Business

e$

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Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

& Process control systems

Office Automation Systems (OAS) and collaboration system

Management Information Systems(MIS)

& Decision Support Systems (DSS)

SIS

Executive information

Systems (EIS)

Expert Systems & KMS

Types of IS in Business

e$

Historical roles of IT/IS

www.mohamadian.info4TPS MIS EIS-SIS-ERP E-COMMERCE

e$

www.mohamadian.info 5Mohammadian

IT/IS types

IT/IS

TPS

OAS

MIS

DSS

GDSS

ES

EIS

Data mining

Data warehouse

OLAP

OLTP

GIS

Intelligent agents

Virtual reality

AI

KMS ,EIP,

ERP

BPMS

ECS

E-Business

E-Commerce

E-Learning

E-Banking

E-Health

E-Government

E-University

هایفناور

Marketing IS

HRIS

Financial IS

Manufacturing IS

Research sys.

(ميان وظيفه ای)سيستم های اطالعاتي بين سازماني

CRMSCM

PRM

SIS1.Mobile internet 2.cloud computing3.virtual reality4.Augmented reality5.The Internet of Things6.WEB 2.0 or Enterprise 2.07.Big data and BI8.Consumerization of IT

e$

روند رو به افزایش سرمایه گذاری در حوزه فناوری اطالعات

e$

Why I.T. Matters

19992004 by Harvard Business Review Press

e$

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Figure 1-9

Source: Based on Erik Brynjolfsson and Lorin M. Hitt, “Beyond Computation: Information Technology, Organizational Transformation and Business Performance.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14, no. 4 (Fall 2000). Used with permission of the American Economic Association.

( پارادوکس بهره وری) تضاد دیدگاه ها در زمينه فناوری اطالعات

e$ Erik Brynjofsson)تاثير دارایي های مکمل در ميزان بهره وری

)

e$

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ITدارائيهای مکمل

فرآيندهاي سازماني کارا•دارائي های سازمانيکارکنان قوي طراح سيستمهاي اطالعاتي•فرهنگ سازماني که براي کارايي و اثربخشي ارزش قائل است•قدرت غير متمرکز•حق تصميم گيري غير متمرکز•

برنامه ريزي •دارائي های مدیریتيسازماندهي و تقسيم مناسب کارها بين کارکنان•رهبري و ايجاد انگيزش جهت هدايت انجام کارها به صورت گروهي•نظارت و کنترل کارها•تخصيص مناسب سرمايه گذاري ها در زمينۀ فناوري اطالعات•

ريبرنامه هاي آموزشي در زمينۀ فناوري اطالعات براي ارتقاء سواد کامپيوت•دارائي های اجتماعيمسائل فرهنگي •قوانين و مقررات براي ايجاد بازاري عادالنه و پايدار•نهادهاي قانوني و شرکتهاي مشاوره•

e$ IT Competitive advantage for

business

Competitive advantage

derives not from the

technology, but on how

businesses use the

technology.

Innovations in business

processes, management

and organization are not

easily copied from one firm

to another (Amazon, eBay, Dell, Wal-

Mart and Apple's iTunes are just a few firms

that have built and maintained technology-based advantages)

www.Mohamadian.info1111MIT90

e$

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e$The Interdependence between Organizations and

Information Systems

e$ The Two-Way Relationship between Organizations

and Information Technology

e$

Why is IT/IS important?

Business pressures, Organizational responses, & IT Support

e$

Environmental pressures

e$ Pressures for change

(2011 MIT Center for Digital Business and Capgemini Consulting )

e$

Organizational Response to these pressures:

(Operational Efficiency)

IT/IS is necessary to respond

(eg.Doing procurement jointly)

(eg.Federal Express’s overnight delivery

system)

e$

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Transitional role of IS/IT in organizations

e$

Why is IT/IS becoming a strategic resource?

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e$ role of IS/IT in organizations

Three new Mediation e-Strategies

e$ The 10 Drivers of New Information

Technologies(Nit) for transforming industries

(cars)

(online news)

(tickets)

(packages)

(pricing)

(reserving)

(e-intermediary)

(e-collaboration)

(ebxml)

(MS office)

e$

Nit Drivers And The Three Mediation Strategies

e$ Building blocks of the digital transformation

(2011 MIT Center for Digital Business and Capgemini Consulting )

e$

New Digital transformation capabilities (IBM, 2011)

e$

Evolution rule of IT/IS

e$

Revolution rule of IT/IS

e$

Evolution of digital transformation

Process innovationProduct innovation

Digital transformation is becoming pervasive acrossfunctions, industries and geographies

BM innovation

e$

McFarland's Strategic Grid

shaping future business operations or strategy

su

sta

inin

g c

urren

t bu

sin

ess o

peratio

ns

(e.g., law firms and consulting firms)

(e.g., Nasdaq)

(e.g., medical technology company)

(Amazon.COM; Google.COM)

e$

How are organizations likely to use IT/IS

(JIT)(Sensors, TPS)

(DB,MIS,EIS,..) (collaborative networks)

e$

Different views of Strategic IS/IT

e$ Strategic paths to digital transformation

(IBM,2011)

e$

Paths to digital transformation (IBM,2011)

e$

Strategic Positioning of Internet Technologies

Global Market

Penetration

E-Commerce WebsiteValue-added IT Services

Product and Services

Transformation

E-Business; ExtensiveIntranets and Extranets

Cost and

Efficiency

Improvements

E-Mail, Chat Systems

Performance

Improvements in

Business

Effectiveness

Intranets and Extranets

Low

High

HighE-Business Processes Connectivity

Internal Drivers

e$ Classification of researches on Strategic

usage of IS/IT

e$

العات عوامل موفقيت در استفاده استراتژیک از فناوری اط

از سازمان و نه در داخلخارجکانون استفاده در(External, not internal focus)

و آنچه که با کاال يا خدمت انجام مي دهندمشترياندرک(value proposition)

و نه صرفاً کاهش هزينه هاتمايزاضافه کردن(differentiate)

کسب و کار و نياز بازار نوآوري براساس(pull )و نه براساس تکنولوژي برتر(Business-

driven innovation)

و همکاري هاي بين سازماني حتي با رقبامنافع اشتراک توجه به(sharing the benefits)

توسعه و تکامل تدريجي و نه يکباره براساس روشهاي نمونه سازي(Incremental

development)وسعه استفاده از اطالعات جمع اوري و تحليل شده توسط سيستم هاي اطالعاتي براي ت

business and competitive)کسب و کار و نه تخمين هاي سرانگشتي

intelligence)