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8/12/2019 20111116_335192667_9.Kouakouprsentation Ppt Lige 15 Octobre 2011
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Improvement strategies of Guinea pig(Cavia porcellus) breeding
in Ivory Coast
Ir NGoran David Vincent KOUAKOU
Lige, 15 October 2011
Amphi B, Facult de Mdecine Vtrinaire, Universit deLige, Boulevard de Colonster 20, 4000 Lige, Belgium
Symposium VET 2011
Veterinary Medicine in the tropics
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CONTENT
Context
Objectives
Methodology
Results An example of extension
Conclusion
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Originates from the Andes
1000 years ago by the Incas
In Africa between the XVIIIth andXIXth century
Extension in 1980
Africa (Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria,Sierra Leone, Togo, DemocraticRepublic of Congo, Benin, BurkinaFaso, Guinea, Mali, Senegal,Tanzania, Gabon and Ivory Coast)(Avit et al., 1999; Fransolet et al.,1994 ; Hardouin & Thys, 1997;Zaldivar, 1997b)
Context
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Location of Ivory Coast
Context
First producer of cacaoin the world with 40%
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Context
Socio-political crisis (2002-2011)
Slower economic growth
Increase in the poverty rate (33 to 49%)
HIPC since March 2009
At the national level:
12.6% of rural households (1,269,549 people) infood insecurity
Including 2.5% (232,602 people) in severe foodinsecurity
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Context
Ivory Coast dependent on import for animalprotein
Remedial solutions already implemented:poultry, sheeps, pigs, rabbits and cane rats
No Guinea pig breeding project
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Nutritional interest
Nutritional value of its meat is higher than that ofmeat from goats, poultry, pigs, cattle and sheep
20 females and two males is sufficient to cover theprotein needs of a family of six people (CTA, 1993)
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Socio-economic interest
Substantial contribution of income for many families[education, purchase of clothes, savings for children(Nuah, 2006; Pourtoy, 2008)]
Easy integration in agricultural systems:consumption of weed and use of faeces andrefused material as ferti lizer
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Location of study:
Survey:
Cross-sectional and retrospectiveOne pass
Target population: farmers and
consumers
Sampling:Non-probability
Snowball (Rubin & Babbie, 1998).
Methodology
Objectives
Provide a better understand of
Guinea pig farming
Propose an incentive strategy to
practice this breeding
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38%
34%
28%
Child (7 to 13 years)
Adolescent (14 to 17 years)
Adult (old 18 years)
268 guinea pig breeders:
ResultsPresentation of the current situation
Socio-economic characteristics of farmers and consumers
202 consumers: majority were men (87.8%)
Their presence is less common in residential areas (14.3%) compared
to other areas (19 to 40%).
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During the survey, 2416 guinea pigs
were counted, including 889 males.
The average per farm was 9.0 7.4.
ResultsLivestock and infrastructure
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The food distribution happens two to three times a day, without supply of
drinking water.
Results
Food for Guinea pigs
Panicum maximum
Guinea grass
Ipomoea batatas
Leaf and stem of sweet potato
Pennisetum purpuruem
Elephant grass
Euphorbia heterophylla
"Milk" grass
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Panicum_maximum.jp8/12/2019 20111116_335192667_9.Kouakouprsentation Ppt Lige 15 Octobre 2011
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Risk of inbreeding and high mortality ratesSex-ratio of the begetters observed: 1/2
Average litter size per female: 2
Results
Reproductive management
Hygiene
Hygiene follow up in farms non-existentHarm predators: cats, dogs, snakes, thieves and red
ants
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Marketing takes place on the farm due to lack of selling points
Dealers in the markets of Yamoussoukro and San Pedro
- 0.4 to 1.5 Euros for a male
- 0.4 to 3.8 Euros for a female
Results
Marketing and consumption
The consumption of Guinea pig meat is very common
althrough there are rare instances of prejudice.
Guinea pig meat is tender and has a taste similar to that of
white meat (chicken and rabbit) and rodent such as the
Gambian rat, squirrel and grasscutter
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ResultsIncentive strategies in the practice
of Guinea pig breeding
Sufficient Practicein Guinea pig
breeding
Sensibilisation
campaign
Improving thebreeding system
and genetic
improvement
Better marketing
strategy
Means
End
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Results
Sensibilisation
campaign
High consumption of
Guinea pigs
Abandonment of
prejudice
Better knowledge of the
animal
Mitigation of irrational
thinking associated withGuinea pigs
More information
available
Means
End
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Results
Means
End Improving the breeding system andgenetic improvement
Higher productivity of Guinea pigs
Balanced dietLow
mortality
Inbreeding
reduced
Breeds
more
productive
Suitable
infrastructure
Food
available
during the
dry season
Distribution
of quality
food
Developed
research
Control of
reproductive
technique
Diseases
treated
Absence of
predators
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Results
Quick marketing of Guineapigs
Creation of a chain Motivation for new farmers
Increased number of sellingpoints
Increased purchase price ofthe animal
Increased demandFarmers organisations
Means
End
Better marketingstrategy
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School
restaurants
Results
Recommendation
Scientists
Household
breeding
Heads of
households
Breeders
Students
Teachers
Cooperative
education
People involved
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Conclusion
In Ivory Coast, farms often suffer from a lack offollow up and technical expertise
Strategies involving upward education couldparticipate in the sustainable extension of this
farming practice. This through school activities
educating the children and influencing their parents,
and by doing so, enabling vulnerable people to
reduce their food deficit a bit.
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THANK YOUFOR YOUR
ATTENTION
Djibri l Bassol, young breeder of
Guinea pigs in Kpangbassoudistr ict of Yamoussoukro, Cte
dIvoire