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BDwbU 4 A_©Kix dz‡ji Pvlvev`

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cvV 4.1 †Mvjvc dz‡ji Pvlvev`

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb Ñ

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BDwbU 4 A_©Kix dz‡ji Pvlvev`

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dzj I my „k¨ Mv‡Qi Pvlvev`

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 104

L. nvBweªW cv‡c©Pzqvj t BD‡ivcxq Ges Gkxq †Mvjv‡ci msKivq‡Yi gva¨‡g GB †kªwYi †Mvjv‡ci DrcwË| MvQ k³ cÖK…wZi, `ªæZ ea©bkxj Ges †mB mv‡_ gvSvix ai‡bi dzj avib ¶gZvwewkó n‡q _v‡K| dzj¸‡jv AvKv‡i eo Ges myMÜhy³ nq| RvZ- cvwm©qvb B‡q‡jv|

M. nvBweªW Ux t GB †kªwYi †Mvjvc n‡”Q me‡P‡q AvaywbK I AvK©lYxq| ÔUxÕ Ges nvBweªW cv‡c©Pzqvj Gi msKivq‡Yi gva¨‡g G †kªwYi †Mvjv‡ci DrcwË n‡q‡Q| cieZ©xKv‡j G‡ì wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ msKivq‡Yi d‡jI bZzb Rv‡Zi m„wó n‡q‡Q| Gi MvQ¸‡jv nvBweªW cv‡c©Pzqvj Ges Ôcwj‡qš’vÕ †_‡K `~e©j cÖK…wZi nq| wKš‘ GB †kªwYi Aax‡b i‡q‡Q AmsL¨ RvZ Ges G‡ì AvKl©Yxq is I myM‡Üi Kvi‡b Ab¨vb¨ me †kªwYi †Mvjvc‡K Giv AwZµg K‡i hvq| RvZ- cvcv †gjvÛ, Mv‡W©b cvwU©, ZvRgnj|

N. cwj‡qš’v t GB †kªwYi †Mvjvc MvQ evgb AvK…wZi n‡q _v‡K| G‡Z †_vKvq †_vKvq AmsL¨ dzj †dv‡U Ges dzj¸‡jv GKmvwi cuvcwo wewkó n‡q _v‡K| Rosa multiflora †_‡K GB ai‡bi †Mvjv‡ci m„wó| GB †kªwYi †Mvjvc g~jZt Ô†d¬vwiev›`vÕ †kªwYi †Mvjvc D™¢ve‡b msKivq‡bi Kv‡R eënvi Kiv nq| MvQ¸‡jv k³ cÖK…wZi n‡jI ªæZ ea©bkxj bq| RvZ - AvBwWqvj|

O. †d¬vwiev›`v t GB †kªwYi †Mvjvc g~jZt cyivZb cwj‡qš’v †kªwYi †Mvjv‡ci ’vb `Lj K‡i‡Q| nvBweªW ÔUxÕ Gi m‡½ cwj‡qš’vi msKivq‡bi ga¨ w`‡q GB †kªwYi †Mvjvc D™¢vweZ n‡q‡Q| cÖ_‡g Gi MvQ¸‡jv AvKv‡i cwj‡qš’v †_‡K eo Ges nvBweªW Ux †_‡K †QvU wQj| wKš‘ cieZ©x‡Z Gi msKi Rv‡Zi mv‡_ cybivq nvBweªW Ux Gi msKivq‡bi d‡j AvaywbK cwj‡qš’vi m„wó n‡q‡Q hv AvKv‡i nvBweªW Ux Gi gZ Ges dzjI DbœZ gv‡bi| RvZ - gvmKzqv‡iW|

P. wgwb‡qPvi t GB †kªwYi †Mvjv‡c evgb AvK…wZi Ges †Svcv‡jv MvQ nq| cvZv¸‡jv AvKv‡i †ek †QvU Ges †QvU AvK…wZi A‡bK dzj avib K‡i| GB †kªwYi †Mvjvc MvQ U‡e Pvl Kivi Rb¨ Dchy³| G QvovI †Mvjvc evMv‡bi wKbvivq jvMv‡bvi Rb¨ DËg| RvZ- wmb‡Wªjv|

Q. i¨v¤^jvim Ges K¬vB¤^vim t i¨v¤^jvi †kªwYi †Mvjvc Rosa multiflora Ges Rosa

wichuraiana †_‡K G‡m‡Q| Avi K¬vB¤^vim †kªwY G‡m‡Q Hybrid Tea Ges Noisette †_‡K| G yÕ‡UviB e„w×i ¯^fve GKiKg| Gi mdj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ evDwbi cÖ‡qvRb nq| †m Kvi‡b evoxi dUK ev wmsnØv‡i, Mvoxeviv›`vq evDwbi Dc‡i Gi Pvl Kiv hvq| G †kªwYi †Mvjvc Mv‡Q AmsL¨ dzj †dv‡U Ges RvZ‡f‡` Giv wewfbœ is‡qi n‡q _v‡K| RvZ- †Mv‡Ûb mvIqvi|

†Mvjvc Pv‡li Dc‡hvMx Rjevq I gvwU mvaviYfv‡e DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjvc Pv‡li Rb¨ VvÛv Ges ï®‹ AvenvIqv Dc‡hvMx| AwaK ZvcgvÎv I e„wócvZ Gi e„w× I fvj dzj Drcv`‡b evavi m„wó K‡i| †Mvjvc Pv‡li Rb¨ Aek¨B †iŠ ª¾¡j ¯’vb †e‡Q wb‡Z nq| ˆRe c`v_© mg„× mywb®‹vwkZ †`vAuvk gvwU †Mvjvc Pv‡li Rb¨ DËg| gvwUi pH 6.0-7.5 Gi g‡a¨ nIqv DwPZ| Mv‡Qi †Mvovq cvwb R‡g Rjve×Zvi m„wó

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†Mvjvc Pv‡li Rb¨ VvÛv Ges ï®‹ AvenvIqv I †iŠ ª¾¡j ¯’vb DËg| ˆRe c`v_© mg„× mywb®‹vwkZ †`vAuvk gvwU Ges PH 6.0-7.5 Gi g‡a¨ nIqv DwPZ|

A_©Kix dz‡ji Pvlvev`

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iæivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 105

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†_‡K b‡f¤i gv‡mi cÖ_g fvM ch©šÍ †Mvjv‡ci kvLv Kjg Kivi Dchz³ mgq| `vev Kj‡gi mvnv‡h¨ eskwe¯Ívi †Mvjv‡ci A‡bK RvZ Av‡Q †h¸‡jv‡Z KvwUs Ki‡j Zv‡Z wkKo MRvq bv| G me †¶‡Î Ryb-

RyjvB gv‡m cwiYZ kvLvi cÖvšÍ †_‡K 20-25 †mt wgt bx‡P 5-6 †mt wgt cwigvb RvqMv †_‡K evKj Zz‡j wb‡q `vev Kjg Kiv hvq| †Rvo Kj‡gi mvnv‡h¨ eskwe¯Ívi GB ai‡bi Kjg Kivi Rb¨ Avw`‡Rvo (Rootstook) Ges Dc‡Rvo (Scion) Gi cÖ‡qvRb nq| kvLv A_ev `vev Kjg Gi gva¨‡g †Kvb Rsjx cÖRvwZ †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq D”PZvi Avw`‡Rvo ˆZwi K‡i wb‡Z nq| DbœZ Rv‡Zi BwáZ kvLvi mv‡_ Avw`‡Rvo ms‡hvM K‡i †Rvo Kjg Kiv hvq| 'T' evwWs Gi gva¨‡g eskwe¯Ívi DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjv‡ci eskwe¯Ív‡i GB c×wZ me‡P‡q †ewk Abym„Z nq| evsjv‡`‡k b‡f¤i

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wPÎ 4.1 t †Mvjvc

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evsjv‡`‡k A‡±vei-‡d«eªæqvix

gvm ch©šÍ †Mvjv‡ci Pviv †ivc‡Yi Dchy³ mgq| GK eQi eq¯‹ Kj‡gi Pviv jvMv‡bvB DËg|



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nq| G Qvov Ab¨ mgq ïaygvÎ †ivMvµvšÍ ev AmvgÄm¨c~Y© kvLv¸‡jv †K‡U †`qv nq| †Mvjv‡ci †kYx‡f‡` cÖæwbs Gi gvÎv wba©vib Kiv nq| nvBweªW Ux †kªwYi †Mvjv‡ci †¶‡Î gvwU

†_‡K 30 †mt wgt &D”PZvq mg¯Í kvLv †K‡U †`qv nq| ïaygvÎ †gvUv Ges ¯^v¯’ëvb K‡qKwU kvLv †i‡L †`qv nq hvi cÖwZwU‡Z 4-8 wU †PvL _v‡K| †d¬vwiev›`v Ges cwj‡qš’v †kªwYØ‡qi †¶‡Î nvjKv cÖæwbs Kiv DwPZ| G‡¶‡Î bZzb kvLvi A‡a©K †K‡U †`qv nq| i¨v¤^jvi I K¬vB¤^vi Gi †¶‡Î LyeB nvjKv cÖæwbs Kiv DwPZ| cÖwZ 3-4 eQi AšÍi GK †_‡K ywU †gvUv kvLv KvUv DwPZ| kvLv KvUvi ci ciB KvUv RvqMvq Kcvi Aw·‡K¬vivBW A_ev wKDcÖvwfU Gi cÖ‡jc w`‡q QÎv‡Ki Avµgb †_‡K i¶v Kiv evÃbxq|

cÖ€wbs Gi ci ciB cÖwZwU Mv‡Qi †Mvov †_‡K PZzw`©‡K 20 †mt wgt wN‡i gvwU mwi‡q GK cv‡k¦© †i‡L w`‡Z nq| G‡Z K‡i †gvUv wkKo¸‡jv †iŠ`ª Ges evZv‡m Db¥y³ nq Ges MvQ‡K myßve¯’vq wb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| G‡K kxZvqbI e‡j| G mgq `yÕGKwU wkKo †K‡U †M‡jI ¶wZ †bB| G fv‡e 8-10 w`b †i‡L w`‡q c‡i cv‡k ivLv gvwUi mv‡_ MvQ cÖwZ 5 †KwR †Mvei mvi, 100 MÖvg nv‡oi ¸ouv, 50 MÖvg wU.Gmwc Ges 25 MÖvg Gg.wc wgwk‡q GB gvwU cÖwZwU Mv‡Qi †Mvovq

cybivq ¯’vcb K‡i fvjfv‡e †mP w`‡Z nq| bZzb weUc MRv‡bv ch©šÍ Avi †Kvb mvi cÖ‡qvM Kivi ìKvi †bB| bZzb weUc Ges dzj †dvUvi mgq 7 w`b AšÍi Zij mvi cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j LyeB fvj dj cvIqv hvq| Zij mv‡ii cwie‡Z© 2 fvM wU.Gmwc + 2 fvM BDwiqv + 1/2 fvM Gg.wc Gi wgwkªZ mvi MvQ cÖwZ 1 gy‡Vv cwigvb cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

dzj msMÖn m`¨ eënv‡ii Rb¨ Ava‡dvUv †Mvjvc dz‡ji Kzuwo Pqb Kiv DwPZ| wKš‘ K‡qK w`b ci eënv‡ii j‡¶¨ †Mvjvc dz‡ji Kzuwo hLb m¤úY© is avib Ki‡e wKš‘ cÖùzwUZ nqwb Ggb k³ Kzuwoi ch©v‡q Avmvi ci Pqb Kiv DwPZ| KvU d¬vIqvi wnmv‡e dzj j¤v kvLv cvZvmn aviv‡jv Qywi w`‡q KvU‡Z nq| dzj Pq‡bi KvRwU nq Lye mKv‡j A_ev †kl we‡K‡j Kiv DwPZ| dzj Pq‡bi AeëwnZ c‡iB kvLvmn cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q c‡i wbæ ZvcgvÎvq msi¶b Ki‡Z nq|

Abykxjb (Activity) t mswkøó Rv‡Zi bvgmn †Mvjv‡ci †kªwYwefvM D‡jøL Kiæb|

bZzb Ges Kvh©Kix dzj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †m‡Þ¤i-Av‡±vei gv‡mi gvSvgvwS

ch©šÍ Mv‡Q cÖæwbs Ki‡Z nq| †Mvjv‡ci †kªYx‡f‡` cÖæwbs Gi gvÎv wba©vib Ki‡Z nq|

cÖ€wbs Gi ciciB cÖwZwU Mv‡Qi †Mvov †_‡K PZzw ©‡K 20 †m:wg: wN‡i gvwU mwi‡q wkKo Db¥y³ K‡i †Mvjv‡c kxZvqb Abykxjb Ki‡Z nq| 8-10 w`b ci mvi w`‡q gvwU c~bi¯’vcb K‡i †mP w`‡Z nq|

m`¨ eënv‡ii Rb¨ Ava‡dvUv †Mvjvc dy‡ji Kzuwo Pqb Kiv DwPr| ißvbxi D‡Ï‡k¨ cwic~Y© Ges is avibK…Z k³ Kzuwo Pqb Kiv DwPZ|



cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb 4.1

mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK (�) wPý w`b| 1| †Kvb †kªwYi g‡a¨ msKivq‡bi d‡j nvBweªW Ux †kªwYi †Mvjv‡ci m„wó n‡q‡Q?

K) BD‡ivcxq Ges cvim¨ †`kxq †Mvjvc L) nvBweªW cv‡c©Pzqvj I cwj‡qš’v M) ÔUxÕ Ges nvBweªW cv‡c©Pzqvj N) Rosa multiflora Ges Rosa rubiginosa

2| DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjvc Drcv`‡b Dc‡hvMx AvenvIqv †KvbwU? K) VvÛv Ges ï®‹ L) VvÛv Ges Av`ª© M) Mig Ges ï®‹ N) Mig Ges Av`ª©

3| bx‡Pi †KvbwU GKwU DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjv‡ci bvg? K) Avwd«Kvb KzBb L) Wvej wWjvBU M) Avie KzBb N) †Møve gvóvi

mvigg© evsjv‡`‡ki me‡P‡q RbwcÖq dzj †Mvjvc Gi Bs‡iRx bvg Rose, êÁvwbK bvg Rosa spp. Ges Rosaceae cwiev‡ii AšÍM©Z| mvavibfv‡e †Mvjvc‡K mvZwU †kªwY‡Z fvM Kiv nq h_vt Ux, nvBweªW cv‡c©Pzqvj, nvBweªW Ux, cwj‡qš’v, †d¬vwiev›`v, wgwb‡qPvi Ges i¨v¤jvim I K¬vB¤^vim| DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjvc Pv‡li Rb¨ VvÛv I ï®‹ AvenvIqv, †iŠ ª¾¡j ¯’vb, ˆRec`v_© mg„× gvwU Ges gvwUi pH 6.0-7.5 Gi g‡a¨ nIqv DwPZ| †Mvjv‡ci eskwe¯Ívi exR, kvLvKjg, `vevKjg, †RvoKjg I Kzuwo ms‡hvR‡bi gva¨‡g Kiv hvq| Zb¥‡a¨ Kzuwo ms‡hvRbB

eûj eëüZ c×wZ| evsjv‡`‡k A‡±vei-†deªæqvix gvm ch©šÍ †Mvjvc †ivc‡Yi Dchy³ mgq| GK eQi eq¯‹ Kj‡gi Pviv 60 †mt wgt _ 60 †mt wgt M‡Z©i Dci gv`vq A_ev 6.0 wgt × 1.5 wgt × 0.6 wgt AvKv‡ii cwiLvi Dci †e‡W wbwÏ©ó ~i‡Z¡ †ivcY Kiv DwPZ| †m‡Þ¤i-A‡±vei gv‡m †Mvjvc Mv‡Q cÖæwbs Ki‡Z nq| ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g †mP I el©v †gŠmy‡g bvjv K‡i w`‡q mywb®‹vk‡bi eë¯’v Kiv DwPZ| cvZvi msL¨v, is I e„w×i aib †`‡L Avw`‡Rvo †_‡K †ei nIqv kvLv wPwýZ K‡i Acmvib Kiv DwPZ| cÖæwbs Gi ci Mv‡Qi †Mvov †_‡K gvwU mwi‡q wkKo Db¥y³ K‡i †Mvjvc Mv‡Qi kxZvqb Abykxjb Ki‡Z nq| 8-10 w`b Gfv‡e †i‡L c‡i mvi wgwkªZ gvwU w`‡q fivU K‡i †mP w`‡Z nq| m`¨ eënv‡ii Rb¨ Avav‡dvUv †Mvjvc dz‡ji Kzuwo Ges ißvbxi D‡Ï‡k¨ cwic~Y© m¤úY© is avibK…Z k³ Kzuwo Pqb Kiv DwPZ|

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4| †Mvjv‡ci Kj‡gi Pviv jvMv‡bvi mwVK mgq †KvbwU? K) A‡±vei-†deªæqvix L) gvP©-AvMó M) GwcÖj-†m‡Þ¤i N) gvP©-Ryb

5| KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e †Mvjvc Drcv`‡bi †¶‡Î KZ ~i‡Z¡ MvQ jvMv‡bv DwPZ? K) 60 × 30 †mt wgt L) 60 × 60 †mt wgt M) 80 × 70 †mt wgt N) 100 × 80 †mt wgt

6| nvBweªW ÔUxÕ †kªwYi †Mvjv‡ci †¶‡Î f‚wg †_‡K KZ D”PZvq cÖæwbs Kiv DwPZ? K) 10 †mt wgt L) 20 †mt wgt M) 30 †mt wgt N) 40 †mt wgt

cvV 4.2 iRbxMÜv I MøvwWIjvm dz‡ji Pvl


■ iRbxMÜv I MøvwWIjvm dz‡ji cwiwPwZ, eënvi I RvZ m¤^‡Ü ej‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ dzj yÕwUi Pv‡l cÖ‡qvRbxq Rjevqy I gvwUi weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ dzj Ø‡qi eskwe¯Ívi c×wZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ Rwg ˆZwi, mvi cÖ‡qvM Ges †ivcY c×wZ D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ AšÍeZx© cwiPh©v m¤^‡Ü ej‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ dzj msMÖ‡ni mgq I c×wZ D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| iRbxMÜv dz‡ji Pvl cwiwPwZ I eënvi



myMwÜ dzj wnmv‡e iRbxMÜv LyeB RbwcÖq| Pvwn`vi w`K w`‡q Ges evwYwR¨K `„wó‡KvY †_‡K GB dz‡ji Rywo †bB| mviveQiB evRv‡i Gi Pvwn`v _v‡K| GB dzj mÜ¨viv‡Z †dv‡U Ges myMÜ Qovq e‡j Gi iRbxMÜv bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| iRbxMÜv Amaryllidaceae cwiev‡ii m`m¨| Bs‡iRx bvg Tube rose Ges Gi êÁvwbK bvg Polianthes tuberosa| †gw·‡Kv †_‡K GB dz‡ji Avwef©ve n‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b Avgv‡ì †`kmn c„w_exi wewfbœ MÖx®§ Ges AeMÖx®§ AÂ‡j GB dz‡ji Pvl nq| wewfbœfv‡e GB dzj eëüZ n‡q _v‡K| Zb¥‡a¨ KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e dzj`vbxi Rb¨ GwU Abb¨| G Qvov gvjv, cy®úmeK, †ebx Ges gyKzU ˆZwi‡Z G dzj eënvi Kiv nq| dz‡ji wbh©vm †_‡K myMÜx ªe¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nq| dzj`vbx‡Z GB dzj 7-12 w`b mRxe _v‡K Ges cÖwZ iv‡ZB myMÜ Qwo‡q N‡ii cwi‡ek‡K we‡gvwnZ K‡i| RvZ dz‡ji AvKvi I cvucvwoi msL¨vi Dci wfwË K‡i wZb †kªwYi iRbxMÜv cvIqv hvq| G¸‡jv n‡jv wm‡½j, †mwg Wvej Ges Wvej| wm‡½j ai‡bi dz‡j 5 wU K‡i cuvcwo _v‡K| †mwg Wve‡j _v‡K 12 wU Ges Wvej †kªwY‡Z _v‡K 18-25 wU| wm‡½j Rv‡Zi dzj m¤úY© mv`v is‡qi nq| wKš‘ Wvej Rv‡Zi cuvcwoi wKbvivq nvjKv jvj is‡qi Avfv j¶¨ Kiv hvq| wm‡½j Rv‡Zi dzj LyeB myMÜhy³ nq| wKš‘ Wvej Rv‡Zi dzj nvjKv myMÜ wewkó n‡q _v‡K|

Rjevq I gvwU iRbxMÜv Dò Ges Av`ª© AvenvIqv cQ›` K‡i| Giƒc AvenvIqvq Gi A½R e„w× Ges dyjavib m‡e©vËg n‡q _v‡K| †m Kvi‡YB Avgv‡ì †`‡k MÖx®§Kv‡j Gi Pvl Kiv nq| Gi mdj Pv‡li Rb¨ M‡o 20-350 †mt ZvcgvÎv Ges Av`ª© AvenvIqv cÖ‡qvRb| AwZ D”P A_ev wb¤œ ZvcgvÎv iRbxMÜv Pv‡li Rb¨ ¶wZKviK| M‡elYvjä dj †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h ZvcgvÎv 400 †mt Gi Dc‡i †M‡j cy®ú gÄix‡Z dz‡ji msL¨v K‡g hvq Ges G‡ì ¸bv¸b wb¤œ gv‡bi n‡q _v‡K| mywb®‹vwkZ, ˆRec`v_© mg„× †`v Auvk Ges pH 6.5-7.5 m¤^wjZ gvwwU iRbxMÜv Pv‡li Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx| nvjKv gvwU A‡c¶v fvix gvwU‡Z fvj dj Avkv Kiv hvq| Kvib nvjKv gvwU‡Z Pvivi msL¨vi AvwaK¨ †`Lv hvq| Aciw`‡K fvix gvwU‡Z GwU nqbv Ges dz‡ji gvb DbœZ n‡q _v‡K| eskwe¯Ívi iRbxMÜvi eskwe¯Ívi exR Ges evj¦ ev K‡›ì gva¨‡g Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e ex‡Ri gva¨‡g G KvRwU LyeB Kómva¨ Ges mgq mv‡c¶ weavq evj¦ Gi gva¨‡g mn‡R Gi eskwe¯Ívi Kiv nq| cÖwZwU Mv‡Qi †Mvovq †cuqv‡Ri gZ †h e ‘ cvIqv hvq Zv‡KB evj¦ e‡j| cyivZb Mv‡Qi †Mvovq Svo AvKv‡i A‡bK evj¦ _v‡K| mvavibZ gv‡Si evj¦wU eo nq Ges Pvicv‡ki evj¦¸‡jv

Zzjbvg jKfv‡e †QvU nq| ïaygvÎ gvSvix †_‡K eo AvKv‡ii evj¦ eskwe¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ eënvi Kiv DwPZ| G¸‡jv †_‡K ¯v¯’ëvb MvQ nq Ges ZvovZvwo DbœZgv‡bi dzj Drcv`b K‡i| wKš‘ †QvU evj¦¸‡jv †_‡K ~e©j cÖK…wZi MvQ nq Ges Gme Mv‡Q †ìx‡Z dzj Av‡m| †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ Svom‡gZ evj¦ AšÍZtc‡¶ GKgvm Av‡M DwV‡q Qvqvq gy³ evqy PjvPj K‡i Ggb RvqMvq †i‡L w`‡q cieZ©x‡Z eskwe¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ eënvi Kiv DwPZ|

wPÎ 4.2 t iRbxMÜv

Amaryllideaceae cwiev‡ii m`m¨ iRbx-MÜvi Bs‡iRx bvg Tuberose Ges êÁvwbK bvg Polianthes

tuberosa| KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e dyj`vbx‡Z, dzj m¾vq Ges myMÜx cÖ¯‘‡Z eëüZ

iRbxMÜvi wm‡½uj ai‡bi dz‡j 5wU, †mwg Wvej G 12wU Ges Wvej G 18-25wU cuvcwo _v‡K| wm‡½uj Rv‡Zi dzj LyeB myMÜhy³ nq|

exR Ges ev‡j¦i gva¨‡g iRbxMÜvi eskwe¯Ívi Kiv n‡jI evj¦ Gi gva¨‡gB mn‡R eOkwe¯Ívi Kiv nq|



Rwg ˆZwi I mvi cÖ‡qvM iRbxMÜv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Rwg 4/5 evi Pvl w`‡q fvjfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq| †klevi Pv‡li mgq gvwUi De©iZv †f‡` †n±i cÖwZ 20-40 Ub †Mvei mvi, 200 †KwR wU.Gm.wc fvjfv‡e gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q †`qv DwPZ| evj¦ †ivc‡Yi wZb mßvn ci hLb bZzb Mv‡Qi e„w× ïiæ nq ZLb †n±i cÖwZ 200 †KwR BDwiqv Ges 150 †KwR Gg.wc mvi Gi A‡a©KUv Dcwi cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z nq| Gici hLb dz‡ji kxl †`Lv †`q ZLb evwK A‡a©K BDwiqv Ges Gg.wc mvi GKBfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ| evoxi evMv‡bi †e‡W Rb¥v‡bv Mv‡Qi Rb¨ cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 2-4 †KwR †Mvei mvi, 15 MÖvg BDwiqv, 15 MÖvg wU.Gmwc Ges 10 MÖvg Gg.wc mvi GKB wbq‡g cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| evj¦ †ivcY evQvBK…Z evj¦¸‡jv gvP©-GwcÖj gv‡m e„wói Av‡M A_ev e„wói ci ciB Rwg‡Z jvMv‡bv DwPZ| cyi‡bv wkKo¸‡jv jvMv‡bvi Av‡M †K‡U †djv fvj| †h me AÂ‡j gvwU De©i Ges AwaK e„wócvZ nq †mLv‡b †ivcY ~iZ¡ †ewk †`qv DwPZ| Aciw`‡K Kg De©i Ges ï®‹ AÂ‡j G ~iZ¡ Kg nIqv evÃbxq| mvaviYfv‡e fvj dzj cvIqvi Rb¨ jvBb †_‡K jvB‡bi ~iZ¡ 30 †mt wgt Ges cÖwZ jvB‡b evj¦ †_‡K ev‡j¦i ~iZ¡ 20 †mt wgt wba©vib Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZwU evj¦ †mvRv K‡i 7-10 †mt wgt gvwUi Mfx‡i cyu‡Z w`‡Z nq| †ivc‡Yi ci cøveb †mP w`‡q m¤úY© gvV wfwR‡q †`qv DwPZ| AšÍeZ©x cwiPh©v iRbxMÜvi †¶Z AvMvQvgy³ ivLv DwPZ| †m j‡¶¨ wbovbx w`‡q AvMvQv Zz‡j w`‡j gvjwPs Gi KvRI †mB mv‡_ n‡q hv‡e| ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g cÖ‡qvRbgZ †mP †`qv DËg Ges el©vKv‡j mywb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ †Wªb K‡i †`qv DwPZ| †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb †Kvb fv‡eB Mv‡Qi †Mvovq cvwb Rg‡Z bv cv‡i| Mv‡Qi †Mvov †_‡K giv ev ïK‡bv cvZv mwi‡q †djv DwPZ| kxZKv‡j Mv‡Qi Dc‡ii Ask m¤úY©fv‡e †K‡U †`qv fvj| dzj †dvUvi mgq 7/8 w`b AšÍi AšÍi Zij mvi cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ| yB †KwR cwigvb KuvPv †Mvei A_ev mwilvi ˆLj 10 wjUvi cvwb‡Z 4/5 w`b cPv‡bvi ci cybivq Gi mv‡_ cvwb wgwk‡q cvZjv Pv‡qi wjKvi Gi gZ K‡i GB Zij mvi ˆZwi K‡i Mv‡Qi †Mvovq cÖ‡qvM Kiv DËg| G‡Z dz‡ji ¸bMZ gvb e„w× cvq| iRbxMÜvq gv‡S gv‡S †ivM I †cvKvi Avµgb n‡Z cv‡i| †ivM `g‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZwjUvi cvwb‡Z 2 MÖvg Kcvi Aw·‡K¬vivBW A_ev KzcÖvwfU ¸‡j Ges †cvKv `g‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZ wjUvi cvwb‡Z 2 wgtwjt g¨vjvw_qb wgwk‡q 15 w`b AšÍi AšÍi †¯úÖ Kiv fvj| dzj msMÖn

iRbxMÜvi GKB †¶Z †_‡K cici wZb ermi ch©šÍ dzj Drcv`b Kiv hvq| Lye mKv‡j dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ| iRbxMÜv j¤v WuvUvi gv_vq gÄix AvKv‡i nq| G‡K iRbxMÜvi wóKI ejv nq| GB cy®ú gÄixi bx‡Pi w`K †_‡K †Rvovq †Rvovq dzj dzU‡Z dzU‡Z Dc‡ii w`‡K hvq| Gi bx‡Pi `yÕwU dz‡ji Kzuwo hLb `y‡ai gZ mv`v is avib K‡i Ges 2/1 w`‡bi g‡a¨ dz‡U hv‡e GgbwU †evSv hvq ZLb aviv‡jv Qywi w`‡q j¤^v WuvUvmn iRbxMÜvi wóK †K‡U G‡b evjwZ fwZ© VvÛv cvwbi g‡a¨ N›UvLv‡bK uvo Kwi‡q †i‡L c‡i cÖ‡qvRbgZ eënvi Ki‡Z nq| MøvwWIjv‡mi Pvl

cwiwPwZ I eënvi

gvP©-GwcÖj gv‡m evQvBK…Z evj¦ 30†m:wg:×20 †m:wg: ~i‡Z¡ 7-10 †m:wg: gvwUi Mfx‡i †ivcY Ki‡Z nq| †ivc‡Yi ci cøveb †mP w`‡Z nq|

iRbxMÜvi wó‡Ki bx‡Pi yÕwU cy®ú Kzuwo hLb y»er mv`v is avib K‡i ZLbB wóK KvU‡Z nq|



MøvwWIjvm dz‡ji AvKl©Yxq is Ges iƒc mv¤úÖwZKKv‡j evsjv‡`‡k Gi RbwcÖqZv G‡b w`‡q‡Q| KvUd¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e iRbxMÜvi gZ MøvwWIjvmI A‡bKw`b dzj`vbx‡Z mRxe ‡_‡K dzj dz‡U N‡ii †kvfv e„w× K‡i| G Qvov dzj evMv‡b êwPÎ Avb‡ZI Gi Rywo †bB| MøvwWIjvm Iridiaceae cvwiev‡ii m`m¨ Ges Gi êÁvwbK bvg Gladiolus spp.| `w¶Y Avwd«Kv GB g‡bvig dz‡ji Avw` evm¯’vb| j¨vwUb kã ‘MøvwWqvmÕ A_© Zievix| GB Mv‡Qi cvZv¸‡jv Zievixi b¨vq e‡j dzjwUi bvg MøvwWIjvm n‡q‡Q| G‡`‡k A‡b‡K GB dzj‡K cÖRvcwZ dzj e‡jI AvL¨vwqZ K‡i _v‡Kb| GBdzj jvj, mv`v, njy`, †e¸bx, GKvwaK is‡qi wgkªbhy³ n‡q _v‡K| RvZ c„w_ex‡Z A‡bK Rv‡Zi MøvwWIjvm dzj Av‡Q| evwYwR¨K wfwË‡Z mgZjf‚wgi Rb¨ Pvl Dc‡hvMx KZ¸‡jv RvZ n‡jv t A¯‹vi, †Mv‡Ûb I‡qf, eøyg db‡UBb, B‡q‡jv G¤úvqvi, †nvqvBU d¨vwÝ, n¨vwc GÛ, †g‡jvwW BZ¨vw`| Rjevqy I gvwU VvÛv AvenvIqvq G dzj fvj R‡b¥| mvavibZ 15-250 †mt ZvcgvÎv Gi A½R e„w× I dzj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx| MøvwWIjvm ˆ`wbK 8-10 N›Uv Av‡jv cQ›` K‡i| ZvB †iŠ ª¾¡j RvqMv Ges †mB mv‡_ S‡ov evZvmgy³ RvqMv A_ev So cÖwZnZ Kivi eë¯’v Av‡Q Ggb ¯’vb GB dzj Pv‡li Rb¨ wbe©vPb Kiv DwPZ| mywb®‹vwkZ †`v Auvk I †e‡j †`v Auvk gvwU MøvwWIjvm Pv‡li Rb¨ DËg| gvwUi pH 6-7 Gi g‡a¨ _vKv DwPZ| eskwe¯Ívi exR Ges Ki&g (Corm) Gi gva¨‡g MøvwWIjv‡mi eskwe¯Ívi Kiv hvq| bZzb RvZ ex‡Ri gva¨‡g Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ex‡Ri Pviv †_‡K dzj Avm‡Z yB eQi mgq jv‡M| mvavibfv‡e Pv‡li Rb¨ Ki&g †ivcb Kiv nq| mvavib Pv‡li Rb¨ 4-5 †mt wgt e¨m wewkó Ki&g eënvi Kiv DËg| Aciw`‡K cÖ`k©bxi dzj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 7.5-10 †mt wgt e¨m wewkó Ki&g †ivcY Kiv †kªq| g~j Rwg‡Z †ivc‡Yi Av‡M MøvwWIjv‡mi Ki&g †_‡K AsKzi MwR‡q †bqv fvj| AsKzi MRv‡bvi j‡¶¨ ga¨g mvB‡Ri jvwUg AvK…wZi Ki&g 24 N›Uv cvwbi g‡a¨ wfwR‡q c‡i †m¸‡jv‡K wfRv evwji g‡a¨ 5.0-7.5 †mt wgt MfxiZvq cyu‡Z w`‡Z nq| Ki&g Gi gyL †d‡U AsKzi MRv‡bvi ci G¸‡jv g~j Rwg‡Z †ivcY Kivi Dchy³ nq| Rwg ˆZwi I mvi cÖ‡qvM †m‡Þ¤i-A‡±vei gv‡m fvjfv‡e Pvl Ges gB w`‡q gvwU SziSz‡i K‡i Rwg ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq| †klevi Pvl †`qvi mgq cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 5-6 †KwR †Mvei mvi, 30 MÖvg wU.Gm.wc Ges 30 MÖvg Gg.wc mvi fvjfv‡e gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q †`qv DwPZ| MøvwWIjvm‡K †ewk bvB‡Uªv‡Rb mvi †`qv AbywPZ| Kvib G‡Z cy®ú`Û †ewk j¤^v Ges `~e©j n‡q hvq| cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 10 MÖvg BDwiqv Gi A‡a©K cwigvb †ivc‡Yi 15 w`b c‡i Ges evwK A‡a©K cy®ú`Û †ei nevi mgq Dcwi cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ|

wPÎ 4.3 t MvwWIjvm

`w¶Y Avwd«Kvi Avw` evwm›`v MøvwWIjvm Iridiaceae

cwiev‡ii AšÍM©Z| Gi Bs‡iRx bvg Gladiolus Ges êÁvwbK bvg Gladiolus

spp.| KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e G

dzj Abb¨|

mvavibfv‡e eskwe¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ 4-5 †m:wg: e¨vm wewkó jvwUg AvKv‡ii Ki&g eënvi Kiv DËg| †ivc‡Yi Av‡M †fRv evwj‡Z cyu‡Z Ki&g †_‡K AsKzi MwR‡q †bqv fvj|



Ki&g †ivcY A‡±vei gv‡m Rwg ˆZwii ci mvwi †_‡K mvwii `~iZ¡ 30-45 †mt wgt Ges mvwii g‡a¨ Mv‡Qi `~iZ¡ 15-25 †mt wgt eRvq †i‡L MRv‡bv Pviv¸‡jv gvwUi 7-10 †mt wgt Mfx‡i hZœ mnKv‡i ¯’vcb Kiv DwPZ| AšÍeZx© cwiPh©v MøvwWIjv‡mi †¶Z AvMvQvgy³ ivLv DwPZ| ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g cÖ‡qvRbgZ †mP †`qv DwPZ| cÖwZ †m‡Pi ci Rwg‡Z †Rv Avm‡j wbovbx w`‡q gvwU AvjMv K‡i w`‡Z nq| cÖ_gevi BDwiqv mvi cÖ‡qvM Kivi ci †mP w`‡Z nq Ges c‡i gvwU‡Z †Rv Avm‡j gvwU SziSz‡i K‡i yB mvwii gvSLv‡bi gvwU Mv‡Qi †Mvovq Zz‡j w`‡Z nq| G‡Z K‡i MvQ¸‡jv †mvRv _v‡K| GiciI hLb cy®ú`Û †ei nq ZLb Mv‡Qi †Mvovq k³ LyuwUi †VKv †`qv DwPZ| G mgq cÖwZ 7-10 w`b AšÍi Mv‡Qi †Mvovq Zij mvi cÖ‡qvM Kiv DËg| dzj msMÖn iRbxMÜvi gZ MøvwWIjvm dzjI gÄix AvKv‡i cy®ú`‡Ûi kx‡l© nq| hLb Gi cy®úgÄixi bx‡Pi Kzuwo mwVK is avib K‡i A_P k³ _v‡K ZLbB aviv‡jv Qywi w`‡q j¤v WuvUvmn dz‡ji wóK †K‡U Avbv DwPZ| dzj msMÖ‡ni ciciB evjwZ fwZ© cvwb‡Z cy®úgÄix‡K AvKÚ †mvRv K‡i Wzwe‡q †i‡L c‡i wbæ ZvcgvÎvq (6-70 †mt) msi¶Y Kiv DËg| MøvwWIjv‡mi Ki&g msi¶b dzj †dvUv †kl n‡q †M‡j cvZv njy` n‡q hvq Ges MvQ g‡i hvq| G mgq Mv‡Qi †Mvov Lyu‡o MøvwWIjv‡mi Ki&g mZK©Zvi mv‡_ msMÖn Ki‡Z nq hv‡Z G¸‡jv AvNvZcÖvß bv nq| eo †QvU Ki&g¸‡jv‡K evQvB K‡i Avjv`v Kivi ci Qvqvq ïKv‡bv DwPZ| msi¶bKv‡j cPb Gov‡bvi Rb¨ Ki&g¸‡jv‡K 0.1% †eb‡jU A_ev 0.2% K¨vcUvb `ªe‡b AvaN›Uv †kvab K‡i ïwK‡q †bqv DwPZ| Gici ïK‡bv Ki&g ¸‡jv‡K 5% wW.wW.wU cvDWvi gvwL‡q wQ ªhy³ cwjw_b e¨v‡M f‡i N‡ii VvÛv Ges ïK‡bv RvqMvq msi¶b Kiv DwPZ| me‡P‡q fvj nq hw` G¸‡jv‡K VvÛv ¸`vg N‡i msi¶b Kiv hvq| cieZx©‡Z mgqgZ GB Ki&g eskwe¯Ív‡ii Kv‡R eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| mvigg© iRbxMÜv I MøvwWIjvm GB yÕwU dzjB A_©Kix dz‡ji AšÍM©Z| eëmvwqK cY¨ wn‡m‡e G‡ì ¸iæZ¡ Av‡Q| KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e G‡ì cÖPzi Pvwn`v Av‡Q| Dò I Av`ª© AvenvIqv (20-350 †mt) iRbxMÜv Ges gvSvix †_‡K Dò ZvcgvÎv (15-250 †mt) MøvwWIjvm Pv‡li Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx| G Qvov cÖPzi m~h©v‡jvK I mywb®‹vwkZ ˆRe c`v_© mg„× gvwU G‡ì Pv‡li Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb| iRbxMÜv I MøvwWIjvm h_vµ‡g evj¦ I Ki&g Gi gva¨‡g eskwe¯Ívi Kiv nq| gvSvix †_‡K eo AvKv‡ii evj¦ Ges Ki&g eënvi Kiv DwPZ| MøvwWIjv‡mi †¶‡Î 4-5 †mt wgt e¨v‡mi jvwUg AvKv‡ii Ki&g eënvi Ki‡Z nq| †fRv evwj‡Z cyu‡Z Ki&‡gi AsKzi MwR‡q †bqv DwPZ| Rwg fvjfv‡e SziSz‡i K‡i ˆZwi K‡i Gi m‡½ mvi wgwk‡q iRbx MÜvi evj¦ 30

_ 20 †mt wgt Ges MøvwWIjv‡mi Ki&g 30-45 †mt wgt × 15-25 †mt wgt ` i‡Z¡ gvwUi 7-10 †mt wgt Mfx‡i †ivcY Kiv DwPZ| cÖ‡qvRbgZ AvMvQv `gb, gvjwPs, cvwb †mP, cvwb wbKvk Ges cy®úgÄixi mv‡_ k³ KvwV †eu‡a †`qvi KvR¸‡jv Ki‡Z nq| dzj Avmvi mgq wbqwgZ Zij mvi cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ| iRbxMÜv Ges MøvwWIjv‡mi gÄixi bx‡Pi `yÕwU dzj Kzuwo h_vµ‡g y‡ai gZ mv`v is Ges mwVK is avib Ki‡j aviv‡jv Qywi w`‡q gÄix`Ûmn dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ|

cy®úgÄixi bx‡Pi Kzuwo mwVK is avib Ki‡j ZLbB aviv‡jv Qywi w`‡q j¤v WvUvmn wóK KvUv DwPZ|

dzj †dvUv †k‡l g„Z Mv‡Qi †Mvov †_‡K Ki&g msMÖn I evQvB K‡i G¸wj‡K 0.2% K¨vcUvb ªe‡b †kvab K‡i c‡i 5% wW.wW.wU cvDWvi gvwL‡q wQ ªhy³ cwjw_b e¨v‡M Ki&g¸wj‡K cy‡i N‡ii VvÛv RvqMv A_ev VvÛv ¸`vg N‡i ivLv DwPZ|

Ki&g 30-45 †m:wg: × 15-25 †m:wg: ~i‡Z¡ †ivcY Kiv DwPZ|




mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK (�) wPý w`b| 1| iRbxMÜv dz‡ji Wvej cÖRvwZi dz‡j cuvcwoi msL¨v KZ?

K) 15 - 20 wU L) 10 - 15 wU M) 18 - 25 wU N) 16 - 30 wU

2| iRbxMÜv dzj KLb msMÖn Kiv nq? K) hLb bx‡Pi †_‡K 8 - 10 wU dzj dz‡U hvq L) hLb Dc‡ii †_‡K 2 - 1 wU dzj †dv‡U M) hLb bx‡Pi KzuwoØq `y»er mv`v is avib K‡i N) hLb me¸‡jv Kzuwo `y»er mv`v is avib K‡i

3| MøvwWIjvm dzj †Kvb cwiev‡ii m`m¨? K) Amaryllidaceae L) Liliaceae

�



M) Zingiberaceae N) Iridiaceae

4| mvavibZ MøwWIjvm dz‡ji eskwe¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ KZ e¨m wewkó Ki&g eënvi Kiv DwPZ?

K) 6 - 7 †mt wgt L) 4 - 5 †mt wgt M) 2 - 3 †mt wgt N) 7 - 10 †mt wgt |

5| †Kvb gv‡m MøvwWIjv‡mi Ki&g †ivcY Kiv DwPZ? K) AvMó L) †m‡Þ¤i M) A‡±v¤î N) b‡f¤i

6| cieZx© mg‡q MøvwWIjvm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Ki&g †Kvb ch©v‡q msMÖn Kiv DwPZ? K) dzj †dvUvi Av‡M| L) dzj †K‡U †bqvi mgq| M) dzj †K‡U †bqvi ci ciB| N) dzj KvUvi ci MvQ hLb g‡i hvq|

cvV 4.3 Muv`v I Kv‡Y©kvb dz‡ji Pvl


■ Muv`v I Kv‡Y©kvb dz‡ji cwiwPwZ I eënvi D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ G mKj dz‡ji †kªwYweb¨vm Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ dzjØ‡qi eskwe¯Ívi c×wZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ Rwg ˆZwi mvi cÖ‡qvM Ges †ivcY cÖYvjx D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ AšÍeZ©x cwiPh©vi weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ dzj msMÖ‡ni mgq I c×wZ D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Avmyb cÖ_‡g Muv`v dz‡ji Pvl m¤‡Ü Av‡jvPbv Kiv hvK| Muv`v dz‡ji Pvl cwiwPwZ I eënvi



evsjv‡`‡ki RbwcÖq dz‡ji g‡a¨ Muv`v dzj Ab¨Zg| mn‡RB Rb¥v‡bv hvq e‡j KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e Gi cÖPzi Kì| Muv`vi Avw` evm¯’vb †gw·‡Kv‡Z| Bs‡iRx Marigold bv‡gi GB dzjwU Compositae

cwiev‡ii m`m¨ Ges êÁvwbK bvg Tagetes spp.| dzj`vbx mvRv‡bv, gvjv ˆZwi Ges wewfbœ AvPvi-Abyôv‡b GB dzj eëüZ nq| G Qvov †ewWs d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e evMv‡bi AvKh©Yxq †mŠ›`h© e„w×‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L| Gi cvZv I dzj †flR ¸‡Y mg„×| cvZvi im kix‡ii KvUv RvqMvq i³cvZ e‡Ü Ges mviv‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| dz‡ji im i³ †kvab K‡i Ges wewfbœ cÖKvi ¶Z mviv‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| †kªwYweb¨vm c„w_ex‡Z g~jZt `yB ai‡bi Muv`v cvIqv hvq| Giv n‡jv- K. Avwd«Kvb Muv`v t Gi êÁvwbK bvg Tagetes erecta| MvQ¸‡jv 60-90 †mt wgt D”PZv

wewkó nq| dzj AvKv‡i eo nq Ges e¨m 10-15 †mt wgt ev ZviI †ewk n‡q _v‡K| evmšÍx njy`, Mvp njy`, †mvbvjx njy`, Kgjv Ges mv`v is‡qi dzj Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K| wms‡Mj Ges Wvej yB Rv‡Zi dzj w`‡Z †`Lv hvq| wm‡½j Rv‡Z evB‡ii w`‡K GK mvwi cuvcwo _v‡K Ges gvSLv‡b ¯úóvKv‡i PvKwZ (disc) Dcw¯’Z| Wvej dz‡ji gvSLv‡b †Kvb PvKwZ _v‡K bv| cy‡iv dzj cuvcwo w`‡q Vvmv _v‡K|

L. †d«Â Muv`v t Gi êÁvwbK bvg Tagetes patula| D”PZvq 30-40 †mt wgt nq| GB †kªwYi dzj wewfbœ is‡qi nq †hgb- jvj i³ is, †gnwMwb ev jvj gwiPv is Ges †WvivKvUvmn wewfbœ is‡qi wQUvhy³ wgwkªZ is| G‡ì †¶‡ÎI c~‡e© ewY©Z Abyiƒc wms‡Mj Ges Wvej Rv‡Zi dzj cvIqv hvq|

Rjevqy I gvwU evsjv‡`‡k kxZKv‡j Muv`vi Pvl Kiv n‡q _v‡K| mvavibZ gvSvix ZvcgvÎv A_©vr 20-250 †mt ZvcgvÎv Ges 10 N›Uv wèm ˆ`N©¨ GB dzj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ DËg| D”P Ges wb¤œ ZvcgvÎv DfqB Gi e„w× I dzj Drcv`‡b e¨vNvZ m„wó K‡i| G Qvov fvj dzj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †iŠ ª¾¡j RvqMv wbe©vPb Kiv DwPZ| meiKg gvwU‡ZB Muv`v Rb¥v‡bv hvq| Z‡e †`v Auvk gvwU, cvwb avib ¶gZv m¤úbœ wKš‘ mywb®‹vwkZ Ges pH 7.0-7.5 m¤úbœ gvwU Muv`v Pv‡li Rb¨ m‡e©vËg| eskwe¯Ívi exR I kvLv Kj‡gi mvnv‡h¨ Muv`v dz‡ji eskwe¯Ívi Kiv nq| ex‡Ri MvQ ûeû Rv‡Zi ¸Yv¸Y i¶v Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| ZeyI exR †_‡K Pviv Ki‡Z n‡j AvMó-†m‡Þ¤î gv‡m exRZjvq exR ecb Kiv DwPZ| gvmLv‡bK eq‡mi Pviv gv‡V jvMv‡bvi Dchy³ nq|

wPÎ 4.4 t Muv`v

kvLv Kj‡gi gva¨‡g Muv`vi eskwe¯Ívi Kiv DËg| AvMó-‡m‡Þ¤i gv‡m c~‡e© jvMv‡bv MvQ †_‡K †ei nIqv bZzb kvLvi 6-8 †m:wg: j¤v KvwUs K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K Pviv Drcv`b Kiv hvq|

†gw·‡Kvi Avw` evwm›`v Muv`vi Bs‡iRx bvg Marigold I êÁvwbK bvg Tagetes spp. Ges GwU Compositae

cwiev‡ii Aš M©Z| dzj`vbx mvRv‡bv, gvjv ˆZwi Ges wewfbœ AvPvi Abyôv‡b Muv`v eëüZ nq|

c„w_ex‡Z yB ai‡bi Muv`v cvIqv hvq| Giv n‡jvt Avwd«Kvb Muv`v Tagetes

erecta Ges †d«Â Muv`v Tagetes patula|

Muv`v Pv‡li Rb¨ gvSvix ZvcgvÎv 20-250 †m. Ges 10 N›Uv wèm ˆ`N©¨, †iŠ ª¾¡j ¯’vb, 7.0-7.5 PH m¤wjZ cvwb avib ¶gZv m¤úbœ †`vAuvk gvwUB DËg|



kvLv Kj‡gi gva¨‡g eskwe¯Ív‡ii †¶‡Î dzj †dvUv †kl n‡j gvP©-GwcÖj gv‡m gvV †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K MvQ Zz‡j U‡e A_ev DuPz wbivc` RvqMvq jvwM‡q ivL‡Z nq Ges cwiPh©v Ki‡Z nq| AvMó-†m‡Þ¤i gv‡m G mKj MvQ †_‡K †ei nIqv bZzb kvLvi AMÖfvM †_‡K 6-8 †mt wgt j¤^v KvwUs K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K Pviv Drcv`b Kiv hvq|

Rwg ˆZwi I mvi cÖ‡qvM el©vKvj †kl nIqvi ci A‡±vei-b‡f¤î gv‡m fvjfv‡e Pvl w`‡q Muv`vi Rb¨ Rwg ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq| AvMvQv Ges AveR©bv cwi®‹vi K‡i †kl Pv‡li mgq †n±i cÖwZ 30-40 Ub †Mvei mvi, 150 †KwR wU.Gm.wc Ges 100 †KwR Gg.wc mvi fvjfv‡e gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q w`‡Z nq| Pviv jvMv‡bvi wZb mßvn ci †n±i cÖwZ 150 †KwR nv‡i BDwiqv mv‡ii A‡a©K Dcwi cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ Ges evwK A‡a©K dz‡ji Kzuwo †`Lv †`qvi mgq cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z nq| †d«Â Muv`vi †¶‡Î bvB‡Uªv‡Rb mvi Kg K‡i w`‡Z nq| Zv bvn‡j Mv‡Qi AsMR e„w× †ewk n‡q dzj Kg aivi cªeYZv j¶¨ Kiv hvq|

Pviv †ivcY I AšÍeZ©x cwiPh©v kvLv Kj‡gi gva¨‡g Drcbœ Avwd«Kvb Muv`vi Pviv 30-45 †mt wgt Ges †d«Â Muv`vi Pviv 30 †mt wgt `~iZ¡ i¶v K‡i gv‡V A_ev †e‡W †ivcY Ki‡Z nq| Z‡e RvZ‡f‡` Gi †ni‡di n‡Z cv‡i| Muv`vi †eW AvMvQvgy³ ivL‡Z nq Ges cÖ‡qvRbgZ †mP w`‡Z nq| Pviv jvMv‡bvi gvmLv‡bK ci Mv‡Qi AMÖfvM †K‡U w`‡Z nq| G‡Z K‡i MvQ j¤v bv n‡q †Svcv‡jv nq| PvivMv‡Q ZvovZvwo dzj Avm‡j Zv ms‡M ms‡M Acmvib Ki‡Z nq| eo AvKv‡ii dzj †c‡Z n‡j ÔwWmevwWsÕ Kiv DwPZ| A_©vr g‡aï KzuwowU †i‡L cv‡ki yÕwU Kzuwo †K‡U †dj‡Z nq| Avi ga¨g AvKv‡ii dzj †c‡Z PvB‡j gv‡Si KzuwowU Acmvib Kiv DwPZ|

dzj msMÖn mvavibZ Pviv jvMv‡bvi yB †_‡K AvovB gv‡mi g‡a¨ †d«Â Muv`vi dzj †dv‡U Ges AvovB †_‡K wZb gv‡mi g‡a¨ Avwd«Kvb Muv`vi dzj †dv‡U| Lye mKv‡j dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ| G mgq VvÛv AvenvIqv weivR K‡i| c~Y© AvKv‡ii †dvUv dzj aviv‡jv Qywi ev KuvwP w`‡q j¤^v WuvUvmn †K‡U msMÖn Kiv DwPZ| Gfv‡e †Zvjv dzj A‡bKw`b mRxe _v‡K| Kv‡Y©kvb dz‡ji Pvl

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cvw_©e ev †U‡iwóªqvj AwK©W Ue, Mvgjv A_ev SzjšÍ ev‡¯‹‡U Pvl Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖ_‡g G¸‡jvi †h †Kvb GKwUi †fZ‡ii Zj‡`‡k Kqjv, †Lvqv A_ev Svgvi UzKiv ¯’vcb Ki‡Z nq Ges Gi Dc‡i bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveovi UzKiv A_ev AvgMv‡Qi evKj Qwo‡q w`‡Z nq| mevi Dc‡i cvZvcPv mvi I nv‡oi ¸ouv wgwkªZ †`vAuvk gvwU w`‡q Ue fwZ© K‡i Zvi Dci AwK©‡Wi Pviv Ggb fv‡e ¯’vcb Ki‡Z nq †hb Gi wkKo¸‡jv Qwo‡q _v‡K| Gici cÖ‡qvRbgZ cvwb †mP w`‡Z nq| AwZwi³ cvwb cÖ‡qvM me mgq cwinvi Kiv evÃbxq|

civkªqx ev GwcdvBwUK AwK©W KvV A_ev we‡kl ai‡bi U‡e (hv AMfxi I †cvov gvwUi nq Ges bx‡P I cv‡k eo eo wQ`ª _v‡K) A_ev evu‡ki Szwo‡Z Pvl Kiv hvq| Kv‡Vi Dci Rb¥v‡bvi †¶‡Î Avg A_ev Rviæ‡ji GKLÛ Kv‡Vi UzKivi Dci Zvgvi Zvi w`‡q AwK©‡Wi Pviv‡K †eu‡a w`‡Z nq| euvaevi mgq †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb Gi wkKo¸‡jv Pviw`‡K mgvbfv‡e Qwo‡q _v‡K| †gvUv I cyiæ wkK‡oi †ejvq bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveov w`‡q XvKvi ìKvi nq bv| wKš‘ A‡c¶vK…Z `~e©j I miæ wkK‡oi †ejvq G¸‡jv‡K bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveov w`‡q †X‡K w`‡Z nq| wKQyw`‡bi g‡a¨ AwK©W bZzb wkKo Drcbœ K‡i Kv‡Vi UzKiv‡K Rwo‡q a‡i| Szjv‡bv Ue wn‡m‡e c~‡e© ewY©Z †cvovgvwUi Ue A_ev euv‡ki ev Kv‡Vi Szwo eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| eo eo Mv‡Q †h dvY© nq Zvi wkKo, Mv‡Qi evKj, bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveov, KvV I euv‡ki wPcm UzKiv UzKiv K‡i †K‡U Zvi mv‡_ wKQy KvV Kqjvi UzKiv Ges 10 MÖvg cwigvb nv‡oi wPcm †gkv‡Z nq| Ue A_ev Szwoi Zj‡`‡k GK Z…Zxqvsk Svgv B‡Ui †Lvqv w`‡q fwZ© K‡i Zvi Dci AwK©‡Wi Pviv ¯’vcb K‡i Gi wkKo¸‡jv Qwo‡q w`‡Z nq| c~‡e© ewY©Z c`v‡_©i wgkªY Gi Dci Qwo‡q w`‡q Pvivi gyL Db¥y³ ivL‡Z nq| GKwU KvwV w`‡q LuywP‡q LuywP‡q GB wgkªY Svgv B‡Ui †Lvqvi duv‡K duv‡K XzwK‡q k³ K‡i w`‡Z nq| AwK©‡Wi Pviw`‡K evZvm memgq Av`ª© ivL‡Z nq| †mj‡¶¨ AwK©‡W Nb Nb †mP †`qv DwPZ| Dò Ges ï®‹ †gŠmy‡g gvP©-‡g gv‡m †m‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb †ewk| †m‡Pi cvwbi mv‡_ BDwiqv I cUvwkqvg dm‡dU cvZjv K‡i ¸‡j †¯úÖ AvKv‡i cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G eë¯’v DrK…ó dzj Drcv`‡b mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i| dzj msMÖn gvP©-GwcÖj GB yB gvm Kvj AwK©W Mv‡Q dzj †dv‡U| AwK©‡Wi dyj msMÖ‡ni Av‡M Gi cy®úvq‡bi aviv m¤^‡Ü Rvbv DwPZ| AwK©W dzj †dvUvi 3/4 w`b ci c~Y©Zv jvf K‡i| c~Y©Zv

mvavibZt Ad‡mU, `vev-Kjg Ges KvwUs Gi gva¨‡g AwK©‡Wi eskwe¯Ívi Kiv nq|

gvP©-GwcÖj gv‡m AwK©‡Wi dzj †dv‡U| †dvUvi 3/4 w`b ci c~Y©Zv cÖvß dzj msMÖn Kiv DwPZ|



cÖvß dzj msMÖn Ki‡Z nq| Lye mKv‡j A_ev we‡K‡j dzj KvUv DwPZ| e„wói mgq A_ev †fRv Ae¯’vq dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ bq| dzj msMÖ‡ni ciciB Gi WuvUvi ‡Mvov cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q ivL‡j dzj m‡ZR _v‡K|


mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK (�) wPý w`b| 1| Pvl c×wZi Dci wfwË K‡i AwK©W‡K wKfv‡e †kªwYweb¨vm Kiv nq?

K) †U‡iwóªqvj Ges g‡bvcwWqvj| L) g‡bvcwWqvj Ges wmg‡cvwWqvj| M) GwcdvBwUK Ges wmg‡cvwWqvj| N) †U‡iwóªqvj Ges GwcdvBwUK|

2| wb‡¤œi †KvbwU AwK©‡Wi GKwU M‡Yi bvg?

mvigg© evsjv‡`kmn c„w_exi wewfbœ AÂ‡j AwK©W R‡b¥| evwYwR¨K dzj wn‡m‡e Orchid Gi h‡_ó Kì| GB dzj dzj`vbx‡Z KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e †ewk eëüZ nq| Pv‡li Dci wfwË K‡i AwK©W‡K `yB †kªwY‡Z fvM Kiv nq h_vt cvw_©e Ges civkªqx| Orchidaceae cwiev‡i A‡bK¸‡jv MY Av‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ †W‡Ûªvweqvg, wm‡jvMvBb, Gwc‡WÛªvg, f¨vÛv, †ibvb‡_iv, †d‡j‡bvcwmm, m¨v‡Kvjvweqvg, GwiwWm, wmgwewWqvg, mvBwcÖ‡cwWqvg, K¨vU‡jqv I _ywbqvi

Aax‡bB †ewki fvM AwK©W web¨¯Í | AwK©W Pv‡li Rb¨ Dchy³ ZvcgvÎv, Av`ª©Zv I Qvqvi cÖ‡qvRb| cÖRvwZ‡f‡` 10-300 †mt ZvcgvÎv AwK©W fvj R‡b¥| mvavibZ †deªæqvix gv‡m Ad‡mU, `vevKjg Ges KvwUs Gi gva¨‡g AwK©‡Wi eskwe¯Ívi Kiv nq| G Qvov wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡gI AmsL¨ Pviv Drcv`b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cvw_©e AwK©W Pv‡li †¶‡Î U‡ei Zj‡`‡k Kqjv, †Lvqv ev Svgvi UzKiv w`‡q Zvi Dci bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveovi UzKiv ev Av‡gi evKj Qwo‡q w`‡q Zvi Dc‡i cvZvcPv mvi, nv‡oi ¸ouv I †`vqvk gvwUi wgkªb w`‡Z nq| mevi Dc‡i AwK©‡Wi Pviv ¯’vcb Ki‡Z nq| civkªqx AwK©W KvV A_ev Pvwiw`‡K wQ`ªhy³ AMfxi U‡e Pvl Kiv hvq| Avg A_ev Rviæj Kv‡Vi mv‡_ Zvgvi Zvi w`‡q AwK©‡Wi Pviv‡K †eu‡a w`‡Z nq| U‡e Pv‡li †¶‡Î Gi Zj‡`‡k 1/3 Ask Svgvi UzKiv w`‡q fwZ© K‡i Zvi Dci AwK©‡Wi Pviv ¯’vcb Ki‡Z nq| Gi Dci Mv‡Qi evKj, bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveov, KvV I euv‡ki wPcm, wKQy KvV Kqjvi UzKiv Ges 10 MÖvg nv‡oi wPc‡mi wgkªb cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z nq| Dò Ges ï®‹ †gŠmy‡g †mP w`‡Z nq| gvP©-GwcÖj gv‡m AwK©‡Wi dzj †dv‡U| †dvUvi 3/4 w`b ci c~Y©Zv cÖvß dzj msMÖn Kiv DwPZ|

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K) A¨vwW‡qÈvg| L) A¨vm‡cøwbqvg| M) wmgwewWqvg| N) cwj‡cvwWqvg|

3| cÖRvwZ‡f‡` AwK©W Rb¥v‡bvi cÖ‡qvRbxq ZvcgvÎv KZ? K) 10 - 300 †m. L) 20 - 400 †m. M) 25 - 350 †m. N) 15 - 200 †m.

4| f¨vÛv †kªwYi AwK©‡Wi eskwe¯Ív‡ii mwVK c×wZ †KvbwU? K) exR L) KvwUs M) Ad‡mU N) `vevKjg

cvV 4.5 KvU d¬vIqvi eë ’vcbv


■ KvU d¬vIqv‡ii msÁv ej‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Pq‡bvËi eë¯’vRwbZ mgm¨v D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj e„w×i j‡¶¨ cÖvKmsMÖnKvjxb, msMÖnKvjxb I msMÖ‡nvËi

wbqvgK¸‡jvi weeib w`‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Pq‡bi Dchy³ ch©vq m¤‡Ü ej‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ dzj`vbx‡Z KvU d¬vIqv‡ii ¯’vwqZ¡Kvj e„w×i Dcvq eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|



KvU d¬vIqv‡ii msÁv

†h mg¯Í dzj Drcv`‡bi ci Pqb K‡i wb‡q G‡m gvbwmK Z…wß jvf I †mŠ›`h© wccvmv wbevi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ dzj`vbx‡Z ivLv nq A_ev wewfbœ cÖKvi mvRm¾v ev AvPvi Abyôv‡b eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡ì‡K KvU d¬vIqvi e‡j|

dzj Drcv`‡bi ci KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e Gi eënvi ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| mwVK eë¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g Gi `xN©Kvj eënvi wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Gi Rb¨ cÖ_‡gB dzj Pq‡bvËi eë¯’vRwbZ mgm¨v m¤^‡Ü Rvbv ìKvi Ges c‡i KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹v‡ji Dci cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix wbqvgKmg~n Ges me‡k‡l dzj Pq‡bi Dchy³ ch©vqmn KvU d¬vIqvi‡K AwaKKvj ZvRv ivLvi Dcvq m¤^‡Ü Ávb jvf Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Avmyb G e¨vcv‡i we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv hvK| KvU d¬vIqvi Pq‡bvËi eë¯’vcbvRwbZ mgm¨v dzj GKwU AwZ †Kvgj I imv‡jv e¯‘ Ges GB êwk‡óï Rb¨ G‡K Pq‡bvËi eû mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq| AmZK© bvovPvovi d‡j Giv evB‡i A_ev wfZ‡i †_‡K AvNvZcÖvß nq| G

Kvi‡b AwZ mn‡RB c‡P hvq Ges †ivMevjvB Øviv AvµvšÍ n‡q G‡ì Avqy®‹vj AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e

K‡g hvq| G Qvov AviI GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K n‡”Q †h dzj RxešÍ e¯‘‡ì Ab¨Zg| G Kvi‡b Pq‡bvËi Kv‡j dz‡ji wfZ‡ii †Kvl¸‡jv‡Z kvixie„Ëxq NUbvcÖevn we‡klK‡i k¦mb Pj‡Z _v‡K| Gi d‡j dz‡ji g‡a¨ Dcw¯’Z kK©iv, Avwgl Ges Pwe© RvZxq mwÂZ Lvevi †f‡½ kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq Ges GB kw³ eënvi K‡iB dzj †eu‡P _v‡K| Pq‡bvËi eë¯’vcbv myôz bv n‡j AvNvZcÖvß dz‡ji kvixi e„Ëxq Kvh©vejx gvÎvwi³ e„w× cvq Ges Gi d‡j Avqy®‹vj K‡g hvq| Aciw`‡K myôz eë¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g GB ai‡bi Kvh©vejx‡K mwVKfv‡e wbqš¿b K‡i KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj eûjvs‡k e„w× Kiv hvq| Pq‡bvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Dci cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix wbqvgKmg~n Pq‡bvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹v‡ji Dci †ek KZ¸‡jv wbqvgK cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i _v‡K|

G‡ì‡K g~jZt wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq, h_v - (1) Pqbc e©, (2) PqbKvjxb Ges (3) Pq‡bvËi| 1. Pqbc~e© wbqvgKmg~n t Pqbc~e© wbqvgK ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ (K) eskMwZi cÖfve, (L)

cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve Ges (M) Pvl eë¯’vcbv msµvšÍ cÖfveB cÖavb|

K. eskMwZi cÖfve t KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹v‡ji Dci eskMwZi h‡_ó cÖfve i‡q‡Q| wewfb dz‡j GgbwK GKB dz‡ji wewfbœ cÖRvwZi g‡aÏ G Kvi‡b Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹v‡ji ZviZg¨ †`Lv hvq| †hgb- KvU d¬vIqvi wn‡m‡e Pq‡bvËi P› ªgwjøKv dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj †Mvjvc dzj A‡c¶v †ewk| Avevi †Mvjv‡ci GKwU cÖRvwZ Ô†Mv‡ìb I‡qfÕ Ab¨ cÖRvwZi †_‡K A‡bK A‡bK Av‡MB †bwZ‡q c‡o|

L. cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve t Gi Aax‡b Av‡jv, ZvcgvÎv, evZv‡mi Av`ª©Zv Ges evZv‡mi Pvc KvR K‡i _v‡K| Dchy³ Av‡jvKiwk¥, Av‡jvi cÖLiZv Ges wèm ˆ`N©¨

BZ¨vwì mw¤§wjZ Kvh©vejx dzj Mv‡Qi e„w×, dzj Drcv`b mn Pq‡bvËi dz‡ji ’vwq‡Z¡i Dci cÖfve †d‡j| G¸‡jvi cÖfv‡e cÖPzi mv‡jvK ms‡kølb nq Ges cieZ©x‡Z Gme dz‡j AwaK cwigv‡b Lv`¨ ˆZwi I mwÂZ nq| d‡j Pq‡bvËi ch©v‡q KvU d¬vIqv‡ii ¯’vwqZ¡KvjI e„w× cvq| Aciw`‡K KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Pqbc~e© ZvcgvÎvi cÖfve Pq‡bvËiKv‡j cwijw¶Z nq| M‡elYvjä dj †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h Pqbc~e©

cÖvK PqbKv‡j Kg ZvcgvÎv I cÖPzi m~h©v‡jvK weivR Ki‡j cieZx©‡Z dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj eûjvs‡k e„w× cvq| KviY G ai‡bi cwi‡e‡k dzj cÖPzi Lv`¨ mÂq Ki‡Z m¶g nq|

wewfbœ dz‡ji GgbwK GKB dz‡ji wewfbœ cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ eskMwZi Kvi‡Y Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹v‡ji ZviZg¨ †`Lv hvq|

†h mg¯ dzj Drcv`‡bi ci Pqb K‡i wb‡q G‡m gvbwmK Z…wß jvf I †mŠ›`h© wccvmv wbevi‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ dzj`vbx‡Z ivLv nq A_ev wewfbœ cÖKvi mvRm¾v ev AvPvi Abyôv‡b eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡ì‡K KvU d¬vIqvi e‡j|



ZvcgvÎv wb¤œch©vq †_‡K e„w× K‡i mßvnKvj D”P ch©v‡q ivL‡j cieZ©x‡Z GB dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj 7 w`b †_‡K K‡g 4 w`‡b †b‡g Av‡m| Avevi Pqbc~e© ZvcgvÎv †ewk †_‡K hw` Kgv‡bv nq Ges wKQyw`b Gfv‡e †i‡L c‡i Pqb Kiv nq Zvn‡j Gme dz‡ji Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹vj e„w× cvq| cÖvK PqbKv‡j Kg ZvcgvÎv I cÖPzi m~h©v‡jvK weivR Ki‡j cieZ©x‡Z dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj eûjvs‡k e„w× cvq| Kvib G ai‡bi cwi‡e‡k dzj cÖPzi Lv`¨ mÂq Ki‡Z m¶g nq| G Qvov cwi‡ekMZ cÖfv‡ei d‡j evZv‡mi Pvc Z_v S‡ov nvIqv, D”P ZvcgvÎv I Av`ª©Zv BZ¨vw` evZv‡mi Kve©b WvB A·vBW (CO2) Gi NbZ¡ Kwg‡q w`‡Z cv‡i| djkÖæwZ‡Z mv‡jvKms‡kølb cÖwµqv e¨nZ nq Ges Lv`¨ Drcv`b Kg nq| †kl Awã Gi weiƒc cÖfve Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹vj Gi Dci c‡o|

M. eë¯’vcbvMZ cÖfve t Pqbc e© M„nxZ eë¯’vcbv dz‡ji Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹v‡ji Dci cÖfve †d‡j| dzjMvQ Rb¥v‡bvi gva¨g A_©vr gvwU fvjfv‡e ˆZwi n‡j cieZ©x‡Z KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹vj e„w× cvq| hw` Rwg mywb®‹vwkZ bv nq A_ev DËgiƒ‡c ˆZwi bv nq ev Rwgi De©iZv hw` bv _v‡K ev †Kvb Kvi‡b gvwU‡Z AwaK

gvÎvq je‡bi cÖfve c‡o A_ev KxUbvkK cÖ‡qvMRwbZ ` lY nq Zvn‡j Gme Kvi‡b KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹v‡ji Dci weiƒc cÖwZwµqvi m„wó K‡i Ges Gi ¯’vwqZ¡Kvj Kwg‡q †`q|

2. PqbKvjxb wbqvgKmg~n t KvU d¬vIqv‡ii PqbKvj AZxe ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Pq‡bvËi ch©v‡q

dz‡ji mRxeZv i¶vq Gi cÖfve j¶¨ Kiv hvq| mwVK mg‡q dzj Pqb Ki‡j cieZ©x‡Z Gi Avqy®‹vj eû¸Y e„w× cvq|

KvU d¬vIqv‡ii PqbKvj KZ¸‡jv wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i, h_v- Pqb c~Y©Zv, MÖvn‡Ki Pvwn`v Ges evRvi `~iZ¡| Pqb c~Y©Zv ej‡Z dz‡ji PqbKvjxb Ggb GKwU Ae¯’v‡K †evSvq hLb dz‡ji wewfbœ A½¸‡jv e„w×i mwVK ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q Ges Pqb cieZ©x AviI wKQyKvj Gi e„w×‡K cÖmvwiZ K‡i m‡e©v”P gv‡b †cuv‡Q w`‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Pq‡bi m~PK wewfbœ dz‡j wfbœZi n‡q _v‡K, †hgb- Ava‡dvUv dz‡ji Kzuwo A_ev Kzuwoi h_vh_ is avib BZ¨vw`| †h‡nZz KvU d¬vIqv‡ii ¸bv¸Y dz‡ji mwÂZ Lv‡`ï Dci wbf©ikxj †m‡nZz dz‡ji wewfbœ A‡½ mwÂZ e¯‘ Ges †Kvl ùxwZ hLb Zz‡½ _v‡K ZLbB dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ| Gw`K †_‡K Lye mKvj A_ev we‡KjB we‡ePbvq Avbv DwPZ| G QvovI cÖPzi m~‡h©i Av‡jv cÖvwßi ci Pqb Ki‡j dz‡j Lv‡`ï mÂq e„w× cvq Ges G‡Z KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj ev‡o| MÖvn‡Ki Pvwn`v KvU d¬vIqv‡ii PqbKv‡ji Dci cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i| MÖvnK Pvwn`vi Dci wfwË K‡i dzj Pq‡bi mwVK mgq †ni †di Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GgbwK MÖvn‡Ki Pvwn`v †gUv‡bvi j‡¶¨ †ivcY mgq wba©vib Kiv nq hv‡Z K‡i mwVK mg‡q Drcv`b I Pqb Kiv m¤¢e nq| evRvi `~iZ¡ KvU d¬vIqv‡ii PqbKv‡ji Dci cÖfve †d‡j| evRvi `~iZ¡ †ewk n‡j Pqb c~Y©Zv AR©‡bi c~‡e©B dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ| GB `~iZ¡ hw` wbKUeZ©x nq Zvn‡j m¤úY©fv‡e dzjKzuwoi c~Y©Zv cÖvwßi ciB dzj Pqb Kiv mgxwPb|

3. Pq‡bvËi wbqvgKmg~n t msi¶bKvjxb cwi‡ek, cvwb cÖ‡qvM, cywógvb msi¶bKvix ivmvqwbK `ªe¨ Ges †ivMevjvB `gb BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv Pq‡bvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹v‡ji Dci D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i|

K. msi¶YvMv‡ii cwi‡ek t msi¶YvMv‡ii ZvcgvÎv, Av`ª©Zv I Av‡jv KvU d¬vIqv‡ii RxebKvj‡K Kgv‡Z A_ev evov‡Z cv‡i| wb¤œ ZvcgvÎvq msi¶Y Ki‡j msMÖv†nvËi dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj e„w×‡Z mnvqK nq| G ai‡bi cwi‡ek dz‡ji

dzj MvQ Rb¥v‡bvi gva¨‡g A_©vr gvwU fvjfv‡e ˆZwi n‡j cieZx©‡Z KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Pq‡bvËi Avqy®‹vj e„w× cvq|

msi¶YvMv‡i wb¤œ ZvcgvÎv I D”P Av ª©Zv i¶v K‡i Ges Bw_wjbgy³ cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i Pq‡bvËi dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj eûjvs‡k e„w× Kiv hvq|

Pqbc~Y©Zv ej‡Z dz‡ji PqbKvjxb Ggb GKwU Ae¯’v‡K †evSvq hLb dz‡ji wewfbœ A½u¸wj e„w×i mwVK ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q Ges Pqb cieZx© AviI wKQyKvj Ges e„w×‡K cÖmvwiZ K‡i m‡eŸ©v”P gv‡b †cuŠ‡Q w`‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| †h‡nZz KvU d¬vIqv‡ii ¸Yv¸Y dz‡ji mwÂZ Lv‡`ï Dci wbf©ikxj †m‡nZz dz‡ji wewfbœ A‡½u mwÂZ e¯‘ Ges †Kvl ùxwZ hLb Zz‡½u _v‡K ZLbB dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ|



kvixie„Ëxq Kvh©vejx, †hgb- k¦mb Kg gvÎvq Pj‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| weavq mwÂZ Lv`¨ Kg LiP nq Ges Avqy®‹vj e„w× cvq| G Qvov wb¤œ ZvcgvÎvq Bw_wjb Drcv`b Kg nq| msi¶bvMv‡i AwaK gvÎvq Bw_wjb Drcv`b dz‡ji eqm e„w× K‡i Avqy®‹vj Kwg‡q †`q| wb¤œ ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_ msi¶bvMv‡i D”P Av`ª©Zv weivR Ki‡j dzj mRxe Ges m‡ZR _v‡K| Ab¨_vq ï®‹ AvenvIqvq †Kv‡li Rjxq Ask n«vm †c‡q dzj †bwZ‡q c‡o| msi¶bvMv‡i Av‡jvi cÖfv‡e dz‡ji ¸YMZ gv‡bi

†ni †di nq| Zzjbvg jKfv‡e Kg D¾j Av‡jvq dz‡ji is‡qi cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ cÖwZcÖf (incandescent) Av‡jvq dz‡ji is‡qi cwieZ©b nq bv| msi¶YvMv‡i wb¤œ ZvcgvÎv I D”P Av`ª©Zv i¶v K‡i Ges Bw_wjbgy³ cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i Pq‡bvËi dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj eûjvs‡k e„w× Kiv hvq|

L. cvwb cÖ‡qvM t dzj`vbx‡Z AwZwi³ A_ev cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigv‡bi Kg cvwb cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j Pq‡bvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj K‡g hvq| mwVK cwigvb cvwb ªexf‚Z je‡bi gvÎv‡K wbqš¿b K‡i| Ab¨_vq dzj`vbxi cvwb‡Z Gi gvÎvi AvwaK¨ n‡j wel wµqvi m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi Kg n‡j dzj †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq c`v_© †ewi‡q cvwb‡Z wg‡k wM†q dzj‡K ~eŸ©j K‡i Gi Avqy®‹vj Kwg‡q w`‡Z cv‡i|

M. dzj msi¶bKvix ivmvqwbK c`v_© cÖ‡qvM t dzj`vbx‡Z Pq‡bvËi dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj e„w×i Rb¨ ivmvqwbK c`v_© cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| msM„nxZ dz‡ji kw³ e„w×K‡í my‡µvR (sucrose) ªeb, 8-HQS (hydroquinoline sulphate), 8-HQC (hydroquinoline citrate) Gi `ªeb eënvi Kiv hvq| dzj`vbx‡Z Ae¯’vbKv‡j †h‡nZz µ‡gB mwÂZ Lv`¨ K‡g wM‡q kw³ wbt‡kl n‡Z _v‡K †m‡nZz GB ¶qc~iY Kivi Rb¨ my‡µvR `ªeY mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| my‡µvR A_ev 8-HQS `ªeY Pq‡bvËi dz‡ji Bw_wjb Drcv`b‡K cÖwZnZ K‡i hv cieZ©x‡Z dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj e„w×‡Z mnvqK nq| G QvovI †k‡lv³ ivmvqwbK `ªeb RxevYybvkK wn‡m‡eI KvR K‡i _v‡K| hvi d‡j dzj`vbxi cvwb‡K RxevYygy³ ivLv m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i|

N. msi¶YKvjxb mg‡q evqyPjvP‡ji cÖfve t msMÖ‡nvËi KvU d¬vIqvi evRv‡i Qvovi Rb¨ mwVK fv‡e †gvo‡K Ave„Z Kiv DwPZ Ges h‡_ó RvqMv †i‡L G¸‡jv ¯’vcb Kiv DwPZ hv‡Z K‡i cwiwgZ evZvm Gi ga¨ w`‡q PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gi d‡j k¦m‡bi ìæb Drcbœ Zvc †ewi‡q †h‡Z m¶g nq| Ab¨_vq GB ZvcgvÎv dz‡ji

Avqy®‹vj Kwg‡q w`‡Z cv‡i| wb¤œ ZvcgvÎvq msi¶‡bi †¶‡Î GwU LyeB djcÖm nq| wKš‘ D”P ZvcgvÎvi †ejvq Rjxq Ask †ewi‡q wM‡q weiƒc wµqvi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

O. †ivM evjvB‡qi cÖfve t †ivMevjvB `¦viv AvµvšÍ Mv‡Qi dzj Pq‡bvËiKv‡j

†ewkw`b wU‡Kbv| QÎvK, e¨vK‡Uwiqv ev †cvKv Øviv AvµvšÍ dzj cieZ©x‡Z MÖvnK

MÖnb‡hvM¨Zv nvivq| G ai‡bi AvµvšÍ dzj AwZ gvÎvq Bw_wjb Drcbœ K‡i Ges dz‡ji msi¶bKvj Kwg‡q †`q| G QvovI dzj`vbx‡Z ivLv Ae¯’vq cvwb A_ev cywó ªeb †kvl‡b evav m„wó K‡i Avqy®‹vj‡K Kwg‡q †`q| A‡bK e¨vK‡Uwiqv Av‡Q †h¸‡jv cy®ú`‡Û cywó`ªe‡bi cÖ‡e‡k cÖwZeÜKZvi m„wó K‡i Ges Avqy®‹vj‡K A¯^vfvweKfv‡e Kwg‡q †`q| Aciw`‡K Rve‡cvKv A_ev †kvlK †cvKv cy®úgÄix‡K Avµgb K‡i GKw`‡K MÖvn‡Ki MÖnb‡hvM¨Zv Ges †mBmv‡_ G‡ì Avqy®‹vj Kwg‡q †`q| AZGe Dchy³ eë¯’v wb‡q Pq‡bvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj e„w×i c`‡¶c †bqv DwPZ|

QÎvK, e¨vK‡Uwiqv ev †cvKv

Øviv AvµvšÍ dzj AwZ gvÎvq Bw_wjb Drcbœ K‡i, cywó ªeb †kvl‡b evavi m„wó K‡i Avqy®‹vj Kwg‡q †`q|

mwVK cwigvb cvwb ªexf‚Z je‡Yi gvÎv‡K wbqš¿b K‡i|

dzj`vbx‡Z Ae¯’vbKv‡j †h‡nZz µ‡gB mwÂZ Lv`¨ K‡g wM‡q kw³ wbt‡kl n‡Z _v‡K †m‡nZz GB ¶q c~iY Kivi Rb¨ my‡µvR ªeY mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

KvU d¬vIqvi mwVK †gvo‡K Ave„Z K‡i h‡_ó RvqMv †i‡L G¸wj ¯’vcb Kiv DwPr hv‡Z K‡i cwiwgZ evZvm Gi ga¨ w`‡q PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gi d‡j k¦m‡bi ìæb Drcbœ Zvc †ewi‡q †h‡Z m¶g nq|



msMÖ‡nvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡i Avqy®‹vj e„w×i Dcvq Pq‡bvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj e„w× Ki‡Z n‡j `yÕwU wel‡qi Dci `„wó †`qv cÖ‡qvRb, h_v- (K) mwVK ch©v‡q dzj Pqb Ges (L) dzj m‡ZR ivLvi mwVK c`‡¶c MÖnb| K. mwVK ch©v‡q dzj Pqb t dzj Pq‡bi mwVK ch©vq m¤^‡Ü c~‡e© ejv n‡q‡Q| GwU dzj‡f‡`

†ni‡di nq| cÖwZwU dz‡ji GKwU wbwÏ©ó ch©v‡q Pqb Kiv DwPZ| bx‡P K‡qKwU dz‡ji mwVK Pqb ch©vq D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv|

1. Pq‡bi ciciB dzj`vbx‡Z ivL‡Z n‡j †Mvjvc dzj Ava‡dvUv Ae¯’vq KvUv DwPZ| ißvwb A_ev 1/2 w`b ci eënv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ dzj Kzuwo m¤úY© is avibK…Z cÖùzUbc~e© Ae¯’vq KvU‡Z nq|

2. Wvwjqv dz‡ji †¶‡Î dz‡ji cuvcwo¸‡jv m¤úY© †g‡j †`qvi ci ciB KvUv DwPZ|

3. P›`ªgwjøKv dz‡ji †ejvq cÖùzwUZ dz‡ji gvSLv‡bi meyRvf is `~i nevi ci dzj Pqb Kiv DwPZ|

4. Zvr¶wYKfv‡e eënv‡ii Rb¨ iRbxMÜv dz‡ji gÄixi bx‡Pi GKwU `yÕwU dz‡ji Kzuwo dzU‡j ZLbB GwU msMÖn Kiv DwPZ| wKš‘ K‡qKw`b ci A_ev ißvbxi D‡Ï‡k¨ GB dz‡ji gÄixi bx‡Pi `yÕwU dz‡ji Kzuwo `y‡ai gZ mv`v is avib Ki‡j iRbxMÜvi wóK KvUv DwPZ|

5. MøvwWIjv‡mi gÄix`‡Ûi bx‡Pi w`‡Ki 1/2 wU dzjKzuwo hLb m¤úY© is avib K‡i ZLb MøvwWIjv‡mi wóK msMÖn Kiv DwPZ|

6. Kv‡Y©kvb dz‡ji cuvcwo Ly‡j hvIqvi ciB j¤v WuvUvmn Pqb Kiv DwPZ|

7. wRwbqv dz‡ji gvSLv‡bi meyRvf is P‡j †M‡jB KvUvi †hvM¨ e‡j we‡ewPZ nq|

8. K¨vwÛUvd&U dz‡ji gÄix`‡Ûi 75% dzj dz‡U †M‡j Zv †K‡U †bqvi Dchy³ nq|

9. G›UvivBbvg dz‡ji cy®úgÄixi †Mvovq 2/4 wU dzj dzU‡j gÄix`Û KvUv DwPZ| L. dzj m‡ZR ivLvi mwVK c`‡¶c mg~n t Pq‡bvËi dzj m‡ZR ivLvi Dcvqmg~n bx‡P

D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv|

1. †dvUv dz‡ji civMvqb †iva K‡i dzj‡K A‡bKw`b ch©šÍ m‡ZR ivLv hvq| G j‡¶¨ dzj †dvUvi mv‡_ mv‡_ dz‡ji cys‡Kki †K‡U †`qv DwPZ A_ev Mf©`Û gy‡o †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|

2. Lye †fv‡i A_ev we‡K‡ji †klfv‡M dzj Pqb Ki‡Z nq| G mg‡q AbyK‚j cwi‡ek _vKvq dz‡ji mRxeZv cieZ©x‡Z `xN©¯’vqx nq|

3. dzj Pqb Kivi mgq dz‡ji WuvUv A_ev gÄix`‡Ûi †Mvovq †ZiQv K‡i KvUv DwPZ| G‡Z RvB‡jg Kjvi RvqMv †ewk cwigv‡Y Db¥y³ nq Ges Gi d‡j cy®ú`Û AwaK cwigvY cvwb †kvlb Ki‡Z m¶g nq|

4. j¤v WuvUvmn dzj Pqb Kivi ciciB G‡ì‡K evjwZfwZ© VvÛv cvwb‡Z WuvUvi 2/3 Ask Wzwe‡q ivLv DwPZ| G‡Z KvUv Ask w`‡q im †ei n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i bv Ges

†Kv‡li g‡a¨ evZvm Xz‡K cvwb †XvKvi c_ eÜ nq bv| dzj`vbx‡Z Mjv ch©šÍ wd«‡Ri VvÛv cvwb w`‡q Zv‡Z KvUv dzj ivL‡j dzj †ewk mgq ZvRv _v‡K|



5. dzj`vbxi VvÛv cvwb‡Z ivLvi Av‡M dz‡ji WuvUvi †Mvov¸‡jv dzUšÍ cvwb‡Z 30-40 †m‡KÛ Pzwe‡q wb‡j wKQy wKQy dzj †hgb- †Mvjvc, Wvwjqv, P›`ªgwjøKv Ges wRwbqvi Avqy®‹vj e„w× Kiv m¤¢e nq| Mig cvwbi cÖfv‡e WuvUvi †KŠwkK wkivmg~n bó I eÜ n‡q hvq| d‡j WuvUvi im‡mªvZ wbægyLx n‡Z cv‡ibv| Dciš‘ WuvUvi cvk¦© †_‡K evK‡ji ga¨ w`‡q cvwb †kvlb K‡i dzj‡K mRxe ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

6. dzj`vbxi cvwb cÖwZ 1-2 w`b AšÍi AšÍi cwieZ©b Kiv DwPZ| G mgq WuvUvi bx‡Pi Ask †_‡K 1 †mt wgt cwigvb †K‡U †d‡j w`‡Z nq| G‡Z cvwb ‡kvl‡bi cÖwµqv mPj _v‡K Ges dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj e„w× cvq|

7. dzj`vbxi cvwb‡Z bvbvcÖKvi ¶wZKviK RxevYy _v‡K †hgb QÎvK, e¨vK‡Uwiqv BZ¨vw`| G¸‡jv dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj‡K AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e Kwg‡q †`q| GBRb¨ Gai‡bi cvwb RxevYygy³ Kiv DwPZ| G j‡¶¨ Kcvi Aw·‡K¬vivBW, Gmwcwib ewo, †evwiK GwmW, K¨vjwmqvg bvB‡UªU, wmjfvi bvB‡UªU, †mvwWqvg †K¬vivBW eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G Qvov Gw›U ev‡qvwUK †hgb †UUªvmvBwK¬bI eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

8. dzj`vbxi cvwb‡Z 4% wPwb I 600 wc.wc.Gg 8-HQC (hydroquinoline citrate) Gi ªe‡b dzj †i‡L Avqy®‹vj e„w× Kiv hvq| GKBfv‡e 3% wPwb I 500 wc.wc.Gg Gjywgwbqvg mvj‡dU `ªeb eënvi K‡i dzj`vbxi dzj‡K AwaKKvj m‡ZR ivLv hvq|

9. mvjwdDivm Gwm‡Wi nvjKv `ªe‡bI dzj †i‡L Gi mRxeZv evov‡bv hvq| kZKiv 6 fvM mvjwdDivm Gwm‡Wi `ªeb AavZe c`v‡_©i dzj`vbx‡Z w`‡q Zv‡Z cÖvq me ai‡bi dz‡ji RxebKvj e„w× Kiv m¤¢e|

10. dzj`vbx‡Z ivLv dzj A_ev KvU d¬vIqvi †h ¯’v‡b ivLv nq Zvi ZvcgvÎv 200 †mt Gi KvQvKvwQ Ges †mB mv‡_ Av`ª©Zv GKUz †ewk n‡j dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj eûjvs‡k evov‡bv m¤¢e nq| c¶všÍ‡i Dò N‡i A_ev Mig AvenvIqvq Ges ê`y¨wZK cvLvi bx‡P dzj`vbx‡Z KvU d¬vIqvi ZvovZvwo mRxeZv nvivq Ges Avqy®‹vj AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e K‡g hvq|



mvigg©

†h mg Í dzj Drcv`‡bi ci Pqb K‡i wb‡q G‡m gvbwmK Z…wß jvf I †mŠ›`h© wccvmv wbevi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ dzj`vbx‡Z ivLv nq A_ev wewfbœ cÖKvi mvRm¾v ev AvPvi Abyôv‡b eënvi Kiv nq Zv‡ì‡K KvU d¬vIqvi e‡j| †Kvgj I imv‡jv êwk‡óï Rb¨ Pq‡bvËi dzj eû eë¯’vcbvRwbZ mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb nq| AmZK© bvovPvovq evB‡i †_‡K AvNvZ cÖvß nq| dz‡ji kvixi e„Ëxq Kvh©vejx gvÎvwi³ e„w× cvq Ges Gi d‡j Gme dz‡ji Avqy®‹vj K‡g hvq| myôz eë¯úbvi gva¨‡g G ai‡bi Kvh©vejx‡K mwVKfv‡e wbqš¿b K‡i KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj eûjvs‡k e„w× Kiv hvq| Pq‡bvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹v‡ji Dci KZ¸‡jv wbqvgK cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i _v‡K| G¸‡jv‡K wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq h_vt Pqbc~e©, PqbKvjxb Ges Pq‡bvËi|

Pqbc~e© wbqvgK ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ eskMwZi cÖfve, cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve Ges Pvl eë¯’vcbv msµvšÍ cÖfveB cÖavb| PqbKvjxb wbqvgK¸‡jv Pqbc~Y©Zv, MÖvn‡Ki Pvwn`v Ges evRvi `~i‡Z¡i Dci wbf©i K‡i| Pq‡bvËi wbqvgKmg~‡ni g‡a¨ msi¶bKvjxb cwi‡ek, cvwb cÖ‡qvM, cywógvb i¶vKvix ivmvqwbK `ªe¨ Ges †ivMevjvB `gb BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv cÖavb| msMÖ‡nvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj e„w× Ki‡Z n‡j yÕwU wel‡qi Dci „wó †`qv cÖ‡qvRb, h_vt mwVK ch©v‡q dzj Pqb Ges dzj m‡ZR ivLvi mwVK c`‡¶c MÖnb| dzj Pq‡bi mwVK ch©vq dzj‡f‡`

AdzUšÍ †_‡K Ava‡dvUv Ges m¤úY© †dvUv Ae¯’vq n‡q _v‡K| dzj m‡ZR ivLvi mwVK c×wZi g‡a¨ dz‡ji civMvqb †iva Kiv, AbyK‚j cwi‡e‡k Pqb Kiv Ges msi¶b Kiv, dzj`vbxi cvwb‡Z wPwb I ivmvqwbK `ªe¨ cÖ‡qvM Kiv BZ¨vw` cÖavb|




mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK (�) wPý w`b| 1| Pq‡bvËi dz‡j NUgvb Kvh©vejxi g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU cÖavb?

K) mv‡jvKms‡kølb L) k¦mb M) civMvqb N) wngv‡ekb

2| cÖvKPqbKv‡j gv‡V Kg ZvcgvÎv I cÖPzi m h©v‡jvK weivR Ki‡j cieZ©x‡Z dz‡ji RxebKvj Kx nq? K) e„w× cvq L) GKUz K‡g hvq M) †gvUvgywU e„w× cvq N) †ek K‡g hvq

3| Pq‡bvËi dzj 8-HQS ªe‡b ivL‡j ‡Kvb Kvh© cÖwZnZ K‡i? K) mv‡jvKms‡kølb L) k¦mb M) Bw_wjb Drcv`b N) UªvÝwc‡ikb

4| dzj Pqb Kivi mgq †euvUv ev gÄix`‡Ûi †Mvovq †ZiQv K‡i KvU‡Z nq †Kb? K) k¦mb Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ L) mv‡jvK ms‡kølY evov‡bvi Rb¨ M) RvB‡jg †ewk Db¥y³ Kivi Rb¨

N) cy®ú`‡Ûi cÖvšÍ †Pbvi Rb¨

�



eënvwiK cvV 4.6 †Mvjv‡ci ‘T’ evwWs Abykxjb


■ †Mvjv‡ci ‘T’ evwWs Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤^‡Ü ej‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ †Mvjv‡ci ‘T’ evwWs Kivi Dchy³ mgq D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ ‘T’ evwWs Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbl c‡Îi ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ ‘T’ evwWs Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq ÔiæUóKÕ (Root Stock) ev Avw` †Rvo ˆZwi Ki‡Z

cvi‡eb| ■ ‘T’ evwWs Gi Rb¨ ÔmvqbÕ (Scion) ev Dc†Rvo wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ■ ‘T’ evwWs Gi gva¨‡g DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjv‡ci Kj‡gi Pviv Drcv`b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †Mvjv‡ci eskwe¯Ív‡ii j‡¶¨ Kj‡gi Pviv ˆZwii Rb¨ ‘T’ evwWs GKwU eûj cÖPwjZ Ges RbwcÖq c×wZ| G‡K ÔwkìÕ evwWsI ejv nq| G c×wZi gva¨‡g DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjvc †h¸‡jv mPivPi kvLv Kjg ev `vev Kj‡gi gva¨‡g eskwe¯Ívi Kiv hvq bv ev †M‡jI cÖwZK‚j cwi‡ek mn¨ Kivi gZ ¶gZv _v‡Kbv †mme †¶‡Î GB‘T’ evwWs c×wZ‡Z mdjZvi mv‡_ eskwe¯Ívi K‡i cwieZ©x‡Z Zv †_‡K dzj Drcv`b Kiv m¤¢e nq| †Mvjv‡ci ‘T’ evwWs Kivi mgq mvavibZ Mv‡Qi evKj hLb Kv‡Ûi KvV †_‡K mn‡R †Q‡o hvq Ggwb mg‡q ‘T’ evwWs Ki‡Z

nq| Ab¨vb¨ Mv‡Q emšÍ Kv‡j G Ae¯’v _vK‡jI †Mvjv‡ci †¶‡Î evsjv‡`‡k Zv kxZKv‡jB

weivR K‡i| b‡f¤i †_‡K Rvbyqvix gv‡mi gvSvgvwS ch©šÍ †Mvjvc Mv‡Q‘T’ evwWs Kivi Dchy³ mgq| G mg‡q Mv‡Qi K¨vw¤^qvg (fvRK Kjv) mwµq _v‡K e‡j Lye ZvovZvwo †Rvov †j‡M hvq Ges mdjZvi mv‡_ evwWs Kiv m¤¢e nq| cÖ‡qvRbxq ªe¨vw` †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs Kivi mgq wbæwjwLZ `ªe¨vwì cÖ‡qvRb nq| 1. evwWs bvBd (Qywi) 2. wm‡KPvi 3. cwjw_‡bi wdZv 4. iæUóK 5. mvqb Avw` †Rvo Drcv`b †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs Ki‡Z n‡j cÖ_‡g kvLv Kj‡gi gva¨‡g ÔiæUóKÕ A_ev Avw`‡Rvo ˆZwi K‡i wb‡Z nq| Gi Rb¨ Rsjx Rv‡Zi †Mvjvc MvQ wbe©vwPZ Ki‡Z nq| mvaviYZ Rosa multiflora,

Rosa indica A_ev Rosa gigantea cÖRvwZ¸‡jv‡K G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Rsjx Rv‡Zi †Mvjvc wbe©vP‡bi ci wb¤œwjwLZ av‡ci gva¨‡g Avw`‡Rvo ˆZwi Kiæb|

1. AvMó - †m‡Þ¤î gv‡m Rsjx †Mvjv‡ci MvQ †_‡K Qqgvm eq‡mi ¯^v¯’ëvb I †ivMgy³ k³ kvLv wbe©vPb Kiæb| kvLvi e¨m GKwU †jW †cwÝ‡ji gZ n‡e|



2. wbe©vwPZ kvLv‡K 15-20 †mt wgt j¤^v K‡i †K‡U wb‡q 50% cvZv cPv mvi A_ev †Mvei mvi + 50% evwj wgwkªZ 3 wgt × 1 wgt AvKv‡ii †e‡W 10 †mt wgt `~i‡Z¡ kvLv Kj‡gi Rb¨ ¯’vcb Kiæb|

3. wkKo MRv‡bvi ci GB Pviv¸‡jv‡K DwV‡q 50% †Mvei mvi + 50% †e‡j †`vAvuk gvwU

mg„× 3 wgt × 1 wgt AvKv‡ii †e‡W 20 †mt wgt ` i‡Z¡ mvwi K‡i mvwii g‡a¨ 15-20 †mt wgt duv‡K †ivcY Kiæb|

4. Dchy³ hZœ wbb hv‡Z b‡f¤i - wW‡m¤î gv‡mi g‡a¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨v‡mi kvLv wewkó Avw`‡Rvo ˆZwi n‡q hvq|

Dc‡Rvo wbe©vPb wbæwjwLZ av‡ci gva¨‡g BwáZ Rv‡Zi †Mvjvc MvQ †_‡K ÔmvqbÕ A_ev Dc‡Rvo msMÖn Kiæb|

1. cÖ_‡g †h Rv‡Zi †Mvjv‡ci ‘T’ evwWs Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wbe©vPb Kiæb| BwáZ Rv‡Zi Mv‡Qi m`¨ dz‡ji cuvcwo S‡i hvIqv GKwU kvLv cQ›` Kiæb|

2. K‡qKw`‡bi g‡a¨B g‡i hvIqv dz‡ji bx‡Pi cvZv¸‡jvi A‡¶i AsMR Kzuwo e„w× †c‡q bZzb kvLv cÖ`v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ †PÞv Ae¯’v †_‡K †PvLv n‡Z _vK‡e| Ggwb GKwU AsMR Kzuwo ev evW wbe©vPb Kiæb hv K‡qKw`‡bi g‡a¨ dzU‡e|

3. wbe©vwPZ Kzuwo ev evW Aek¨B m‡ZR I †ivMgy³ n‡Z n‡e| ZvB †mwU cix¶v K‡i wbb| ‘T’ evwWs Gi avc mg~n Avw`‡Rvo cÖ¯‘ZKib wbæwjwLZ av‡ci gva¨‡g evwWs Gi wbwg‡Ë Avw`‡Rvo cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡eb (wPÎ )|

1. Drcvw`Z Avw`‡Rvo †_‡K cQ›`gZ GKwU gvÎ kvLv †i‡L evwK¸‡jv †K‡U †djyb|

2. wbe©vwPZ kvLvi h_vm¤¢e †Mvovi w`‡K yB ce©mwÜi gvSLv‡b evwWs Kivi RvqMv wbe©vPb Kiæb| Kv‡Ri myweavi Rb¨ cwigvbgZ Ask †_‡K KuvUv I cvZv Acmvib Kiæb| Gici wbe©vwPZ ¯’v‡b aviv‡jv evwWs bvBd w`‡q ‘T’ AvKv‡i evKj Kiæb| †Lqvj ivLyb †hb Kv‡V †ewk AvNvZ bv jv‡M|

3. ‘T’ AvKv‡i KvUvi mgq‘T’ Gi Avbyf‚wgK ¶Z n‡e 0.5-0.7 †mt wgt Ges Djø¤^ ¶Z n‡e 1.5 - 2.0 †mt wgt|

4. Gevi ‘T’ Gi Djø¤^ I Avbyf‚wgK KvUv ¯’v‡bi ms‡hvM ’j †_‡K AwZ mveav‡b Qywii gv_v w`‡q KvV †_‡K evKj Qvovb| Dfq cv‡k¦© Qvov‡bvi ci G RvqMvq evKj I Kv‡Vi gvSLv‡b GKwU c‡KU m„wó n‡e|

Dc‡Rvo cÖ¯Í ZKib Dc‡Rvo ev ÔmvqbÕ wbe©vP‡bi ci G‡K evwWs Gi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡eb| wb¤œwjwLZ av‡ci gva¨‡g †mwU Kiæb (wPÎ )|

1. Kv‡Ri myweavi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ AsMR Kzuwoi Av‡k cv‡ki KuvUv †d‡j w`b Ges Kzuwoi mv‡_ hy³ cvZvi †euvUv †i‡L cÎ djK †K‡U †djyb|



2. aviv‡jv evwWs bvBd w`‡q wbe©vwPZ Kzuwoi 1 †mt wgt bxP †_‡K GKUz Pv‡ci mvnv‡h¨

KvVmn evKj †K‡U Kzuwoi 0.5 †mt wgt Dci ch©šÍ wb‡eb Ges Dci †_‡K Avi GKevi KvUvi gva¨‡g KzuwowU‡K gvZ…MvQ †_‡K wew”Qbœ Kiæb| evKj Ges KvV mn KvUv KzuwowU †`L‡Z A‡bKU Xvj ev ÔwkìÕ Gi g‡Zv n‡e|

3. Gici AwZ mveav‡b Kzuwo m¤^wjZ evKj †_‡K Kv‡Vi AskwU AcmviY Ki€b| T’ evwWs cÖ¯‘ZKib wb¤œwjwLZ Kvh©vejxi gva¨‡g evwWs cÖwµqv m¤úbœ Kiæb (wPÎ )| wPÎ 4.6 t †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs c×wZ K. Avw`‡Rv‡oi wbev©wPZ kvLvi †Mvovi w`‡K KuvUv cwi®‹vi K‡i wbb| L. Qywi w`‡q yB c‡e©i gvSLv‡b‘T’ AvKv‡i KvUzb Ges evKj AvjMv K‡i c‡KU ˆZwi

Kiæb| M. Dc‡Rvo Gi Rb¨ dzjSiv gvLv wbe©vPb Kiæb| N. Dc‡Rvo cÖ¯‘‡Zi Rb¨ †evuUv †i‡L cvZv †K‡U †djyb| O. aviv‡jv Qywi w`‡q ÔwkìÕ Gi AvKv‡i Dc‡Rvo †_‡K KvVmn Kzuwo †K‡U wbb| P. Dc‡Rv‡oi evKj I Kzuwo †_‡K Qvov‡bv Kv‡Vi Ask| Q. evKj I †PvLmn ˆZwi Dc‡Rvo| R. ˆZwi Dc‡Rvo cÖ¯‘ZK…Z Avw`‡Rv‡oi c‡K‡U XzwK‡q w`b| S. Kzuwoi gyL Db¥y³ †i‡L evKx Ask cwjw_‡bi wdZv w`‡q k³ K‡i Rwo‡q w`b| 1. Avw`‡Rv‡oi Mv‡q c~‡e© cÖ¯‘Z Kiv c‡K‡Ui g‡a¨ Zvr¶wYKfv‡e cÖ¯‘Z Kiv Dc‡Rvo‡K

Ggbfv‡e cÖ‡ek Kivb †hb Dc‡Rv‡oi Dc‡ii Ask ‘T’ Gi Avbf‚wgK KvUv As‡ki mv‡_ m¤úY©fv‡e wg‡k hvq Ges †euvUvmn AsMR KzuwowU Djø¤^ KvUv As‡ki gvSvgvwS hvqMvq Ae¯’vb K‡i|

2. Gevi Kzuwoi bxP †_‡K Dc‡ii w`‡K KvUv Ask miæ cwjw_‡bi wdZv w`‡q k³ K‡i Ggbfv‡e †cuwP‡q w`b †hb Kzuwoi gyLwU Db¥y³ _v‡K Ges †Kvbfv‡eB cvwb cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z bv cv‡i|

3. Avw`‡Rv‡oi Dci Dc‡Rvo ¯’vc‡bi mßvLv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨B evwWs Gi mdjZv m¤‡Ü eyS‡Z cvi‡eb| mdj n‡j Dc‡Rvo Gi evKj Ges †PvL meyR I mRxe _vK‡e| †mB mv‡_ cvZvi †euvUvwU njy` n‡q S‡i hv‡e| Dc‡Rv‡oi Kv‡jv eY© avib AmdjZv wb‡ ©k Ki‡e| mvavibZ †Rvov jvMvi GK gv‡mi g‡a¨ Dc‡Rv‡oi KzuwowU e„w× †c‡q 8-10 †mt wgt kvLvq cwiYZ nq| ZLb †Rv‡oi 3-4 †mt wgt Dc‡i Avw`‡Rv‡oi Wvj †K‡U †djyb Ges ïaygvÎ bZzb MRv‡bv kvLvwU‡K evo‡Z w`b| g‡b ivL‡eb GB kvLv †_‡K AviI kvLv cÖkvLv †ewi‡q fwel¨‡Z Avcbvi BwáZ †Mvjvc Mv‡Q cwiYZ n‡e|

mZK©Zv †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs Kivi mgq wb¤œwjwLZ mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Kiæb|

1. evwWs Kivi mgq KvUvi KvR¸‡jv Ggb mZK©Zvi mv‡_ Kiæb †hb Avw`‡Rvo ev

Dc‡Rvo Gi KvUv Ask †_Z‡j bv hvq cišÍ gm„Y nq| †_Z‡j †M‡j †Rvov jvMv-cÖwµqv e¨_©Zvq ch©ewmZ n‡e|



2. †Rvov †j‡M hvIqvi ci †Kvbfv‡eB †hb Avw`‡Rvo †_‡K †Kvb kvLv †ei n‡Z bv cv‡i| †Rv‡oi bx‡Pi Ask †_‡K †ei nIqv kvLv †`LvgvÎ †K‡U †djyb| Zv bv n‡j BwáZ kvLvwU gviv †h‡Z cv‡i|




mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK (�) wPý w`b| 1. ‘T’ evwWs Gi Aci bvg wK?

K) †dviKvU© evwWs L) Zvwj Kjg M) wPc evwWs N) wkì evwWs

2. evsjv‡`†k †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs Kivi mwVK mgq (gvm) †KvbwU? K) †deªæqvix-gvP© L) †deªæqvix-GwcÖj M) b‡f¤i-Rvbyqvix N) AvMó-†m‡Þ¤i

3. †Kvb cÖRvwZ †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs G Avw`‡Rvo wn‡m‡e DËg? K) Rosa wichuraiana L) Rosa centifolia M) Rosa indica

N) Rosa gallica

4. †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs Gi Rb¨ kvLv Kj‡gi gva¨‡g Avw`‡Rvo Drcv`‡bi wbwg‡Ë kvLvi

eqm KZ nIqv DwPZ? K) Qq gvm L) GK eQi M) †ò eQi N) `yB eQi

5. wb¤œwjwLZ ev‡Kï cv‡k mZ¨/wg_¨v D‡jøL Kiæb| K) b‡f¤i-Rvbyqvix gv‡m †Mvjvc Mv‡Q K¨vw¤^qvg mwµq _v‡K e‡j mn‡R †Rvov

jv‡M| L) †Mvjv‡ci‘T’ evwWs G Dc‡Rvo wbe©vP‡b m`¨ dz‡ji Kzuwo Avmv kvLv wbe©vPb Kiv

DwPZ| M) Kv‡Vi Askmn Kzuwo m¤wjZ evKj Avw`‡Rv‡oi c‡K‡U ’vcb Kiv DwPZ| N) mßvnKvj ci Dc‡Rv‡oi meyR eY© avib Kj‡gi AmdjZv wb‡ ©k K‡i| O) †Mvjv‡ci Kj‡gi Pvivi Avw`‡Rvo †_‡K †ei nIqv kvLv †K‡U †djv DwPZ|

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P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

msw¶ß I iPbvg jK cÖkœ 1| D`vnibmn wewfbœ †kªwYi †Mvjv‡ci eY©bv w`b| 2| †Mvjv‡ci cÖæwbs, kxZvqb Ges mvi cÖ‡qvM m¤‡Ü wjLyb| 3| iRbxMÜv I MøvwWIjv‡mi eskwe¯Ívi c×wZ eY©bv Kiæb| MøvwWIjv‡mi Ki&g msi¶b

c×wZ m¤‡Ü wjLyb| 4| cÖ‡qvRbxq Rjevqy I gvwU D‡jøL c~e©K Muv`v I Kv‡Y©kv‡bi esk we Ívi c×wZ eY©bv Kiæb| 5| Pvl c×wZi wfwË‡Z AwK©‡Wi †kªwYweb¨vm Kiæb Ges wewfbœ M‡Yi bvg D‡jøL Kiæb| 6| AwK©‡Wi Pvl c×wZi weeiY w`b| 7| KvU d¬vIqvi ej‡Z wK †ev‡Sb? KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Avqy®‹vj Gi Dci cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix Pqb

c~e© wbqvgK¸‡jv eY©bv Kiæb| 8| msMÖ‡nvËi KvU d¬vIqv‡ii RxebKvj e„w×i wewfbœ Dcvq m¤^‡Ü we¯ÍvwiZ wjLyb| DËigvjv BDwbU 4 cvV 4.1 1. M 2. K 3. L 4. K 5. M 6. M cvV 4.2 1. M 2. M 3. N 4. L 5. M 6. N cvV 4.3 1. L 2. M 3. K 4. K cvV 4.4 1. N 2. M 3. K 4. N cvV 4.5 1. L 2. K 3. M 4. M cvV 4.6 1. N 2. M 3. M 4. K 5| K. mZ¨ L. wg_¨v M. wg_¨v N. wg_¨v O. mZ¨

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