F R A N C E I N M A L T A

Bonj(o)u(r) 1

Bonj(o)u(r)

Pour la première fois, la francophonie a été célébrée à Malte par tous les ambassadeurs francophones. Nous avons signé une tribune ensemble, publiée dans la presse maltaise en français, en anglais et en maltais. Lors d’une rencontre à l’université, chaque ambassadeur a pu raconter sa rencontre avec la langue française et ce qu’elle représente pour lui. Dans tous les mots qui se rejoignent pour former une langue, s’est déposée l’histoire, -souffrances, bonheurs,

défaites et victoires-, d’un ou plusieurs peuples. Parmi les mots essentiels de la francophonie   : fraternité, identité, liberté. Trois mots qui appartiennent à tout le monde. Chacun d’entre nous peut les comprendre et les faire rayonner, de là où nous sommes et où nous travaillons, dans cet archipel, au cœur d’une mer qui nous a beaucoup appris et beaucoup donné. L’univers méditerranéen a été en effet l’un des berceaux de la science universelle. C’est sous l’influence d’Aristote que le Musée est devenu une université et une sorte de centre international de recherches. Si la Méditerranée a engendré une civilisation chatoyante, puissante, qui a rayonné bien loin de ses rivages, c’est aussi à cause de cette première source de savoir scientifique, cette sorte de Silicon Valley de l’Antiquité, installée dans la ville crée par Alexandre. L’installation d’une antenne du

CNRS et la tenue d’un important colloque (Mistrals) de scientifiques méditerranéens s’inscrivent dans cette tradition venue de loin. Pendant plusieurs jours, accueillis par Juanito Camillieri et Charles Sammut, deux cents chercheurs, -israéliens, palestiniens, tunisiens, marocains, libanais, turcs, maltais, français, etc. -, ont travaillé ensemble à l’ancienne université sur un programme du futur. Pour notre pays, l’Europe n’a pas d’avenir sans la Méditerranée. La rive sud est aujourd’hui traversée par un souffle de liberté sans précédent. La connaissance mise en commun est la meilleure alliée des démocraties à construire..

Sincerely yours,

Daniel Rondeau

The glocal news magazine on France

France and partners act to protect civilians in LibyaFrance, USA and Great Britain work handPage 2

Art

Who knows about the Caillebotte brothers?

Page 3

Tech & Science A look at scientific and technical acheivements in France from robotics to medecinePage 6

In-depthBread. The word says it all

Page 7

Monthly! Vol. 03.02 - April 2011

CalendarA quick look at the Maltese-French calendar

Page 9

France and MaltaCultural and personal links that have built strong bonds across the ages.

Page 4

N A T I O N

2! Bonj(o)u(r)

The United States Security Council passed a resolution on March 17 that authorizes the use of force to protect civilian populations in Libya. UNSC Resolution 1973 was drafted and presented at France’s initiative, together with the United Kingdom, Lebanon and the United States. Pursuant to the terms of the resolution, an international coalition seeks to establish inter alia a no-fly zone and necessary measures to protect Libyan civilians. Additionally, the resolution strengthens the sanctions adopted against the ruling regime, the scope of which can include the implementation of an arms embargo, the freezing of assets of Tripoli authorities, or the banning of flights by Libyan airlines.

French Minister of Foreign and European Affairs Alain Juppé addressed the UN Security Council on March 17 in New York, advocating concrete action to protect Libyan civilians from their own government. Passed with ten votes in favour and five abstentions, the resolution recognises that the situation in Libya “continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security,” and “authorises Member States ... to take all necessary measures ... to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, including Benghazi, while excluding a foreign occupation force of any form on any part of Libyan territory.”

Two days later, French President Nicolas Sarkozy brought together members of the League of Arab States, UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon, officials, and heads of state and government from the European Union, the United States and Canada for an international summit in Paris. The meeting aimed to ensure the application of the Security Council’s resolution and ending the violence against civilians in Libya.

International Community Responds to the Crisis in Libya

!"#$%&'())*&+#,-.&/0-&1-"2&34&/0-&56-%70&536-$8%&9$%$./6:Alain Juppé was appointed the new Minister of Foreign and European Affairs on February 27. Mr. Juppé formally assumed the post from Michelle Alliot-Marie during a handover ceremony on March 1. Mr. Juppé has served in a number of ministerial and political offices over the course of his career, most notably as Prime minister under president Jacques Chirac from 1995 to 1997. He has previous experience as Minister of Foreign Affairs, having occupied the post from 1993-1995. Most recently, he served as the Minister of Defense, a position he left to accept the new appointment.

Since 1995, with a short interlude from 2004 to 2006, Minister Juppé has also been the mayor of Bordeaux, and will continue to occupy that position in conjunction with his new responsibilities. Mr. Juppé expressed his expectations for the future of French diplomacy during the handover ceremony, stating, “We’re going to have lots to do in terms of vigilance, readiness, initiating proposals, and imagination too, because I’d like French diplomacy to remain loyal to its tradition by not simply observing and commenting but also being innovative and imaginative.” On a more personal note, he added, “I come here with a lot of enthusiasm, joy and confidence.”

President Sarkozy met regularly with British Prime minister David Cameron and US Secretary of State Clinton about the UN Resolution.

Minister Juppé meeting with Prime Minister Lawrence Gonzi in Malta during the 5+5 Defence initiative ministerial meeting last December

A R T

3! Bonj(o)u(r)

Dans l'intimité des frères Caillebotte, Peintre et photographe !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Gustave (1848-1894) and Martial (1853-1910), were children of Martial Caillebotte, an entrepreneur who made beds for the military and left a large fortune to his sons on his death in 1874. From that moment on, Gustave devoted himself to painting, while Martial dedicated himself to music.

Gustave and Martial remained very close, having been marked by the death of their brother René in 1876 and their mother in 1878. The two brothers lived together and moved in the same circle of artists until Martial married in 1887. Gustave however remained a bachelor.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Gustave and Martial Caillebotte shared a number of enthusiasms. They became expert philatelists and horticulturalists. Together they learned how to sail a yacht. Martial distinguished himself in all fields, for example winning several regattas in the sailing boats designed by Gustave.

Gustave Caillebotte’s reputation for his talent as a painter and his role as patron of his Impressionist friends is well established. With delicate touches, his paintings evoke the gentle pace that characterised their lavish lifestyle, from Haussmann’s new Paris to family leisure pursuits. But Martial himself, composer, pianist and photographer, remained relatively unknown.

A recent study of Martial’s photographic collection has revealed a great awareness of the subjects represented in the paintings of his brother Gustave: the views of Paris, the sailing boats, the gardens and the river banks!of the Seine.

For more information, please visit: www.musee-jacquemart-andre.com

All images protected by copyright of respective owners

C L U B S É Q U O I A

4! Bonj(o)u(r)

The Journal de Malte was the first newspaper released in Malta. It was written in French. Napoléon Bonaparte already left M a l t a t o E g y p t w h e n h e authorised the creation of the J o u r n a l d e M a l t e , f e u i l l e nationale, politique, morale, commerciale et littéraire upon the request of the President of the Commission and former Knight of Malta, Bosredon-Ransijat.

The French Commissioner on Mal ta , Regnaud Saint -Jean d’Angély was named editor of this e i g h t - p a g e , q u a r t o - s i z e d newspaper. Its first page was dedicated to news, the other pages contained sections of public instruction, and discourses by the military commander General

Claude-Henri Vaubois, as well as from the editor Saint-Jean d’Angély. The paper also gave instructions concerning the French celebrations, or the importance of the press and the nature of liberty, in an effort to depict themselves as “less than conquerors, but more as brothers or friends”.

The journal de Malte, like the Courrier de l’Armée d’Italie or the Courrier de l’Egypte, served as a platform for Napoleon to chronicle his victories and claimed principles. I n d e e d , N a p o l e o n p e r f e c t l y understood, as a precursor, the i m p o r t a n c e o f p r e s s a n d communication, and made an innovated use of these assets.

But this paper did not only serve a political role, it represented a link

between France and Malta. Although designed to bolster the morale of i so la ted French ga r r i son by p rov id ing e s sen t i a l mi l i t a ry information and connecting them with home, the Journal de Malte also provided the literate people Malta with reading material, and semi-official news.

Malta’s first newspaper, with a circulation of five hundred copies, had ten issues between June and September 1798. Some of the issues can be seen at the National Library in Valletta as well as in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in Par is . Many h is tor ians have underlined the importance of the Journal de Malte to the history of journalism in Malta and elsewhere in the world.

French ConnectionA quick look at a French initiative that contributed to Malta’s vibrant journalism of today

M A L T A & F R A N C E

Bonj(o)u(r)! 5

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P O T P O U R R I

T E C H , S C I E N C E & E N V I R O N M E N T

6! Bonj(o)u(r)

The Future Is NaoStanding at just 23 inches tall, it is capable of many of the same highly

developed funct ions as humans: s p e e c h , h e a r i n g , and sight. And to m a k e t h i n g s easier, it is e v e n compatible with your p e r s o n a l computer.

Nao, the robot developed by the first French humanoid robotics company, Aldebaran Robotics, is a taste of the robotics industry of the future that has already stolen the spotlight on the world stage.Launched five years ago by Aldebaran Robotics, Nao has captured numerous high-profile endorsements. In 2010, Nao served as ambassador of French advanced technology at the Shanghai World Expo, where a group of robots performed an eight-minute synchronized dance routine to Maurice Ravel’s “Boléro” at the French Pavilion. In addition, Nao has been officially chosen as the robotics platform of Robocup, the world’s largest international robotics competition, which will be held in Istanbul this year.Aldebaran Robotics highlights the practical applications of Nao’s technology in two specific areas: research and education. Nao has been adopted by top US universities. Harvard and Stanford Universities have already bought their own robots, and researchers at Notre Dame University are using Nao to teach autistic children to read non-verbal communication cues. “Between the highly sophisticated but steeply priced robots and the more affordable toy robots that are not very capable, only Nao enables research to be carried out at a reasonable cost,” says Bruno Maisonnier, president of Aldebaran. In the classroom, Nao’s versatility and adaptability make it well-suited for use by computer science and

engineering majors, as well as young children. By 2012, Nao will also be available for purchase by individuals.

Edible Malaria Vaccine Breakthrough

A team of French researchers from the University of Science and Technology in Lille, France, in collaboration with NIH in the United States, are one step closer to finding an effective vaccine for malaria, which kills over one million people per year, according to the World Health Organisation. Researchers have been experimenting with a starch derived from a green algae species, chlamydomonas reinhardtii, genetically modified to carry vaccine proteins. Mice fed the starch appeared to show a near total immunity to the malaria virus. While testing on human subjects has not yet been approved, scientists hope to obtain similar results. The breakthrough offers a cost-effective solution for vaccinating at-risk children in some of the poorest countries in the world, according to the researchers.

Sequencing the Chocolate Genome

An international team of scientists, led by Claire Lanaud of France's International Centre for Agricultural Research and Development, and Penn State University’s Mark Guiltinan, has successfully identified genetic traits that may improve the production of high-quality chocolate. The team

sequenced the DNA of a variation of Theobroma cacao — used to produce

some of the world’s finest chocolate. Through sequencing, researchers identified at least two types of disease-resistant genes as well as traits related to the quality of cocoa butter, the main ingredient in most chocolate. ”Our analysis…has uncovered the genetic basis of pathways leading to the most important quality traits of chocolate-oil…and the discovery of hundreds of genes potentially involved in pathogen resistance, all of which can be used to accelerate the development of elite varieties of cacao in the future,” said researcher Siela Maximova of Penn State University. The team found other genes that influence the production of flavonoids, natural antioxidants, pigments, and aromas. Altering these genes could produce chocolate with better flavours, aromas, and even certain health benefits. The discovery comes on the heels of the first-ever sequencing of the chocolate genome by Mars Incorporated, IBM, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture in September 2010. The finished sequence was subsequently released into the public domain. “Genome sequencing helps eliminate much of the guess-work of traditional crop cultivation,” said Howard-Yana Shapiro, Mars’s Global Director of Plant Science and External Research. “This effort…will allow fast and accurate traditional breeding…taking an under-served crop and under-served population and giving them both the chance to flourish.”

I N D E P T H

Bonj(o)u(r)! 7

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C U L T U R E A N D L E I S U R E

8! Bonj(o)u(r)

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,#-:&(ME$Although other cities around the world are exploring similar technologies, Lyberta is the first of its kind to use a communications network free of satellite transmission. This type of network is extremely important in urban environments, where tall buildings and narrow streets can often block signals from traditional GPS technology. Lyberta’s network relies on technology first pioneered by France’s National Centre for Space Research (CNES) to help stratospheric balloons carrying scientific instruments land on the planet Venus and communicate with each other without the use of heavy-duty transmission equipment.

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-(##0$-"4-$14,$.#$0##,$2(&)$-"#$"&-#9EBelgian hotel company Ivy International is investing $7 million for restoration, and will run the Hotel de l’Orangerie for the next 30 years while sharing part of the profits with the Palace of Versailles. The current restoration of the mansion is part of a nationwide initiative to renovate heritage sites

A Hotel Fit for a King Opens in Versailles

French Cultural Institutions Come Togetherg#4($[`bb$)4(M#*$-"#$1(#4-/&,$&2$-"#$O(0%&%5%)8,!(<!&0=)4$,#:$7&G#(,)#,-$47#,1;$2&()#*$-&$D(&)&-#$%(#,1"$94,7'47#$ 4,*$1'9-'(#$ &'-0/*#$ &2$$+K#I!-'(#E$=).4004*&($2&($CR-#(,49$8'9-'(49$ =1-/&,F$ v4G/#($ B4(1&0F$ "#4*0$ -"#$ ,#:$ G#,-'(#F$ :"/1"$ :/99$ 1&,0&9/*4-#$ 499$ &2$

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"4G#$47(##*$-&$4*&D-$-"#$QE%E$9&7&E$The Institut will also work closely with the cultural departments of France’s embassies, as well as domestic institutions, including museums, theatres, and festivals. By facilitating cultural exchange through theatre, visual arts, cinema, and literature, the Institut hopes to promulgate French values of free expression throughout the world, reaffirming the “idea that there is a universal culture, formed of works to admire, knowledge to share, and principles to respect,” said Bernard Kouchner, former Minister of Foreign and European Affairs.

Toulouse Aims to Alleviate Parking Woes

2 0 1 1 : W H A T ’ S I N S T O R E ?

Bonj(o)u(r)! 9

A selection of events highlighting Franco-Maltese relations this SpringFor more information please visit www.ambafrance-mt.org

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Bonj(o)u(r)Editor-in-Chief

Tudor Alexis

Editorial team and

contributors

Dana Pucarescu, Thomas Rottcher,

Carine Brunet, Earmon O’Connor, Eleanor

Warnock, Mary Kate

Holman, Victoria Jones, Stephanie Joyal, Joseph

Kessler, Aleksa Miskinis

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FranceinMalta, That’s us on Twitter ! Since last January, the French Embassy regulary tweets on Maltese-French relations, on events organised by the Embassy and also on international events in which France plays an active and meaningful role. With over 200 followers, FranceinMalta aims to bring you timely, accurate and important information. Click here to join us : http://twitter.com/FranceinMalta

Under the co-chairmanship of France and Kenya, a ministerial international conference took place on 21st April in Paris. The conference launched the “Paris-Nairobi Initiative for universal access to clean energy in Africa and in other countries vulnerable to climate change”. This initiative specifically focussed on mobilising financial resources for the production, transmission and distribution of clean energies in the country’s most vulnerable to the climate change by 2030.The year 2012 has been declared the international year for energy access. Insufficient energy hinders economic development and poverty reduction in developing countries. Therefore France and Kenya want to contribute to this goal by launching an initiative for universal access to clean and sustainable energy.The conference aims to initiate high-level dialogue between the Ministers for Energy from potential beneficiary countries. Malta and other invited countries and organizations shared their successes in policy or access to energy projects or development of clean energy.

New website !!!France in Malta is also a new website designed to give recent updates on diplomatic news, local embassy news and standard information like consular services. The site also contains new features as video and social-networking sites. Launched a few weeks ago, the English-version pages have undergone a complete facelift, the aim being to set up a fully-fledged bilingual site that reflects the diversity of its visitors. The sites is visited by more than 400 individual users daily and the numbers are growing by the day !

Please visit : www.ambafrance-mt.org/