Chanel Wiki

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    1/24

  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    2/24

    Employees 1,270 (2010)

    Website www.chanel.com

    Chanel S.A.(/nl/;French: [a'nl]) is the French house of high fashion that specializes inhaute coutureandready-to-

    wearclothes,luxury goods, and fashion accessories.[1][2]In her youth, thecouturireGabrielle Bonheur Chanelgained the

    soubriquet Coco in the course of her career as achanteuse de cafin provincial France. As a fashion designer, Coco

    Chanel catered to a womans taste for elegance in dress, with blouses and suits, trousers and dresses, and jewellry

    (gemstone and bijouterie) of simple design, that replaced the opulent, over-designed, and constrictive clothes and

    accessories of the 19th-century fashion. Historically, the House of Chanel is most famous for the stylistically versatile

    little black dress, theperfumeNo. 5 de Chanel, and the Chanel Suit. As a business enterprise, Chanel S.A. is aprivately

    held companyowned byAlain WertheimerandGerard Wertheimer, grandsons ofPierre Wertheimer, an early business

    partner of Coco Chanel. Commercially, the brands of the House of Chanel have been personified by fashion models and

    actresses, by women such asIns de la Fressange,Catherine Deneuve,Carole Bouquet,Vanessa Paradis,Nicole

    Kidman,Anna Mouglalis,Audrey Tautou,Keira Knightley, andMarilyn Monroe, who epitomise the independent, self-

    confident Chanel Girl.[3]

    La couturire

    Coco Chanel (1920)

    As a couturire, themillinerand dressmaker Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel presented and established new clothing and

    costume designs that promoted women from being male objects ofconspicuous consumptionandsexual display, to being

    persons who dressed for themselves, in comfortable clothes that allowed free movement; as such, the practical application

    ofjerseyfabric to the construction of clothes was one technical innovation that made the garments popular and

    affordable.[4]Chanel revolutionized fashionhaute couture andprt--porterby replacing the structured-silhouette

    fashions, based upon thecorsetand thebodice, with garments of simple design that were cut and confected to be

    functional, and to aesthetically enhance the womans figure, in action and in repose.

    http://www.chanel.com/http://www.chanel.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couturierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couturierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_black_dresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_black_dresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_black_dresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privately_held_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privately_held_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privately_held_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privately_held_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_la_Fressangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_la_Fressangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_la_Fressangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Deneuvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Deneuvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Deneuvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carole_Bouquethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carole_Bouquethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carole_Bouquethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanessa_Paradishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanessa_Paradishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanessa_Paradishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Kidmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Kidmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Kidmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Kidmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Mouglalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Mouglalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Mouglalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keira_Knightleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keira_Knightleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keira_Knightleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-autogenerated1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keira_Knightleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Mouglalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Kidmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Kidmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanessa_Paradishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carole_Bouquethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Deneuvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%C3%A8s_de_la_Fressangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privately_held_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privately_held_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_black_dresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couturierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Englishhttp://www.chanel.com/
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    3/24

    In the 1920s, the simple-line designs of Chanel couture made popular the flat-chested fashions that were the opposite of

    the hourglass-figure achieved by the restrictively structured and ornate fashions of the late 19th centurytheBelle

    poqueof France (ca. 18901914), and the BritishEdwardian Era(ca. 19011919). Besides comfortable wear, Chanels

    stylish and functional clothes were complemented by the suppleness of jersey fabric, which allowed the modern, 20th-

    century-woman to live and practice an active style of life; colour-wise, the fashion designer Coco Chanel used traditionally

    masculine colours, such asgreyandnavy blue, to connote boldness of character.[5][6]

    The clothes of the House of Chanel also are known for quilted fabric and leather trimmings; thequiltedconstruction of the

    garment reinforces the fabric, the design, and the finish, which produce a garment confected to maintain its form and

    function in every circumstance. The notable example of such haute couture techniques is thewoolenChanel Suita

    knee-length skirt and a cardigan-style jacket, trimmed and decorated with blackembroideryand gold-coloured buttons. The

    complementary accessories are two-tonepumpshoes andjewellry(gemstoneandbijouterie), usually a necklace of pearls,

    and a leatherhandbag. Moreover, the great financial, commercial, and cultural successes of perfume No. 5 increased

    public recognition of the House of Chanel, desire for its haute couture designs, demand for theprt--porterclothes, and

    enhanced the artistic reputation of the couturire Coco Chanel; and, in lean times,perfumekept Chanel solvent.[2][5][7]

    Contents

    [hide]

    1 History

    o 1.1 The Coco Chanel era

    o 1.2 The postCoco era

    2 Corporate identity3 Products

    4 The shops

    5 The Chanel Girl

    6 See also

    7 References

    8 External links

    [edit]History

    [edit]The Coco Chanel era

    Establishment and recognition 19091920s

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy_bluehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy_bluehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy_bluehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiltinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiltinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiltinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worstedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worstedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worstedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embroideryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embroideryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embroideryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court_shoehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court_shoehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court_shoehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewellryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewellryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewellryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijouteriehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijouteriehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijouteriehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_2.55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_2.55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_2.55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_Coco_Chanel_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_Coco_Chanel_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_post.E2.80.93Coco_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_post.E2.80.93Coco_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_post.E2.80.93Coco_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_post.E2.80.93Coco_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Corporate_identityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Corporate_identityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Productshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Productshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_shopshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_shopshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_Chanel_Girlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_Chanel_Girlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_Chanel_Girlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_shopshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Productshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Corporate_identityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_post.E2.80.93Coco_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#The_Coco_Chanel_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_2.55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijouteriehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewellryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court_shoehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embroideryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worstedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiltinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy_bluehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    4/24

    The actress Gabrielle Dorziat wearing a Chanel plumed hat. (1912)

    Fashion before Chanel: The artificial bust, waist, and hips of corsetry. (Bianca Lyons,1902)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bianca_Lyons.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpg
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    5/24

    The Chanel Suit 2009: a tailored cardigan-style jacket, knee-length skirt, two-toned shoes, jewelry, and a leather handbag.

    The House of Chanel (Chanel S.A.) originated in 1909, when Gabrielle Chanel opened amillineryshop at 160 Boulevard

    Malesherbes, the ground floor of the Parisian flat of thesocialiteand textile businessmantienne Balsan, of whom she

    was mistress.[2]Hence, because the Balsan flat also was asalonfor the French hunting and sporting lite, Chanel had

    opportunity to meet theirdemi-mondainemistresses, who, as such, were women of fashion, upon whom the rich men

    displayed their wealthas ornate clothes,jewelry, and hats; Coco Chanel thus could sell to them the hats she designed

    and made; she thus earned a living, independent of her financial sponsor, the socialite Balsan. In the course of those salons

    Coco Chanel befriendedArthur Boy Capel, an English socialite andpolo playerfriend of tienne Balsan; per theupper

    classsocial custom, Chanel also became mistress to Boy Capel. Nonetheless, despite that social circumstance, Boy Capel

    perceived the businesswoman innate to Coco Chanel, and, in 1910, financed her first independent millinery shop, Chanel

    Modes, at 21 rue Cambon, Paris; yet, because that locale already housed a dress shop, the business-lease limited Chanel to

    selling only millinery products, notcouture. Two years later, in 1913, theDeauvilleandBiarritzcouture shops of Coco

    Chanel offered for saleprt--portersports clothes for women, the practical designs of which allowed the wearer to play

    sport.[2][5]

    The economic imperatives ofnationalmilitary victory inFirst World War(191418) affected Europeanfashionthrough

    scarcity of materials, and the socio-economic mobilisation of womenfrom objects ofsexual desireandeconomic

    displayto productive workers. Besides activemilitary service, the enforced and increased production ofcoalmade men

    scarce in the factories and in the fields, where they were replaced by women. Until that timethe end of 19th-century

    culturefashion for women was about the masculine display ofconspicuous consumption, so, clothes makers and

    designers then had to produce practical and protective garments that would allow women the physical freedom required to

    do a mans job in factory and fieldin order to supply the French war effort againstImperial Germany(18711918).

    By that time, Chanel had opened a large dress shop at 31 rue Cambon, near theHtel Ritz, in Paris; among the clothes for

    sale wereflannelblazers, straight-line skirts oflinen,sailor blouses, longsweatersmade ofjerseyfabric, and skirt-and-

    jacket suits. Technically, besides its relative low cost, as a couturire, Coco Chanel used jersey cloth because of its

    physical properties as a garment, such as its drapehow it falls upon and falls from the body of the woman and how

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Balsanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Balsanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Balsanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salon_(gathering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salon_(gathering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salon_(gathering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demimondehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demimondehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demimondehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy_Capelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy_Capelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy_Capelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_(norm)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_(norm)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_(norm)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deauvillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deauvillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deauvillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biarritzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biarritzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biarritzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flannelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flannelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blazerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blazerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blazerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailor_suithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailor_suithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailor_suithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_Macsurak_Chanel_2009_bw_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_Macsurak_Chanel_2009_bw_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_Macsurak_Chanel_2009_bw_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_Macsurak_Chanel_2009_bw_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailor_suithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blazerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flannelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready_to_wearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biarritzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deauvillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_(norm)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy_Capelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demimondehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salon_(gathering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Balsanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millinery
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    6/24

    well it adapted to the simple garment-design that allowed the wearer freedom of movement, physical comfort, and

    flatteringaesthetics. Sartorially, some of Chanels designs derived from the military uniforms made prevalent by the War

    to End all Wars; and, by 1915, the designs and the clothes confected by the House of Chanel were known throughout

    France.[2]

    In 1915 and in 1917,Harpers Bazaarmagazine reported that the garments of the House of Chanel were on the list of

    every buyer for the clothing factories of Europe.[2]The Chanel dress shop at 31 rue Cambon presented day-wear dress-

    and-coat ensembles of simple design, and black evening dresses trimmed withlace; andtulle-fabricdresses decorated

    withjet, a minor gemstone material; the high-quality confection (design, construction, finish) of such clothes established

    the professional reputation of Coco Chanel as a meticulous couturire.[2]After the First World War, the House of Chanel,

    following the fashion trends of the 1920s, produced beaded dresses, made especially popular by

    theFlapperwoman.[2]Moreover, by 1920, Chanel had designed and presented a womans suit of clothes composed

    either of two garments or of three garmentswhich allowed a woman to have a modern, feminine appearance, whilst

    being comfortable and practical to maintain; advocated as the new uniform for afternoon and evening, it became known

    as the Chanel Suit. In 1921, to complement the suit of clothes, Coco Chanel commissioned theperfumerErnest Beauxto

    create a perfume for the House of Chanel, and he produced several chantillons, including theperfumeNo.5, named after

    the number of the sample Chanel liked best. Originally, aflaon of No. 5 de Chanel was a gift to regular clients of Chanel

    yet, the popularity of the perfume prompted the House of Chanel to offer it for retail sale in 1922; in the event, No. 5 de

    Chanel became the signature fragrance of the couturire and of her house of couture. In 1923, to explain the success of her

    clothes, Coco Chanel toldHarpers Bazaarmagazine that design simplicity is the keynote of all true elegance.[2][8]

    Business partnerslate 1920s

    The success of theNo. 5encouraged Coco Chanel to expandperfumesales beyond France and Europe, and to develop

    otherparfumeriefor which she required investment capital, business acumen, and commercial access to the North

    American market. To that end, the businessmanThophile Bader(founder ofGaleries Lafayette) introduced theventure

    capitalistPierre Wertheimerto the couturire Coco Chanel. Their business deal established the Parfums Chanel company,

    aparfumerie of which Wertheimer owned 70 per cent, Bader owned 20 per cent, and Chanel owned 10 per cent;

    commercial success of the joint enterprise was assured by the Chanel name, and by the cachet of la Maison Chanel,

    which remained the sole business province of Coco Chanel.[7]Nonetheless, despite the great business success of the Chanel

    couture andparfumerie, the personal relations between the couturire and her capitalist partner deteriorated, because,

    the artisteCoco Chanel said that Pierre Wertheimer was unfairly exploiting her talents as afashion designerand as a

    businesswoman.[7]Wertheimer reminded Chanel that he had made her a very rich woman; and that his venture capital had

    funded Chanels productive expansion of theparfumerie which created the wealth they enjoyed, all from the success of

    No. 5 de Chanel. Nevertheless unsatisfied, the businesswoman Gabrielle Chanel hired the attorneyRen de Chambrunto

    renegotiate the 10-per-cent partnership she entered, in 1924, with the Parfums Chanel company; the lawyer-to-lawyer

    negotiations failed, and the partnership-percentages remained as established in the original business deal among

    Wertheimer, Badel, and Chanel.[7]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aestheticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aestheticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aestheticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulle_nettinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulle_nettinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulle_nettinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_(lignite)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_(lignite)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_(lignite)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flapperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flapperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flapperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Beauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Beauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Beauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Baderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Baderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Baderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeries_Lafayettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeries_Lafayettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeries_Lafayettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Chambrunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Chambrunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Chambrunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Chambrunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeries_Lafayettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Baderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_No._5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Beauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flapperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_(lignite)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulle_nettinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesthetics
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    7/24

    Elegance and the War1930s1940s

    The avant-garde couturire Elsa Schiaparelli was Coco Chanels only worthwhile rival in the design of clothes.

    From thegaminefashions of the 1920s, the dressmaker Coco Chanel had progressed to womanly fashions in the 1930s,

    which was a decade of innovations in the confection of haute couture clothes at Maison Chanel S.A.; evening-dress

    designs were characterised by an elongated feminine style, and summer dresses featured scintillating contrasts, such as

    silver eyelets, and shoulder straps decorated withrhinestones. In 1932, Mademoiselle Chanel presented an exhibition

    ofjewelrydedicated to thediamondas fashion accessory; it featured the stylistically

    memorable Cometand Fountainnecklaces of diamonds, which were of such original design, that Chanel S.A. re-presented

    them in 1993. Moreover, by 1937, the House of Chanel had expanded the range of its clothes to more women, and

    presentedprt--porterclothes designed, cut, and confected especially for the petite woman.[2]Amongfashion designers,

    wherein rag-trade originality is in the dress-making techniquedesign, cut, and confectiononly thehaute

    couturecreated by theavant-gardeElsa Schiaparellicould compete with the clothes of Coco Chanel.[2]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinestonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinestonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinestonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avant-gardehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avant-gardehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elsa_schiaparelli_1937.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elsa_schiaparelli_1937.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elsa_schiaparelli_1937.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elsa_schiaparelli_1937.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avant-gardehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinestonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamine
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    8/24

    Chanels spymaster:General Walter Schellenberg

    Chief of the Sicherheitsdienst.

    During theSecond World War(193945), Coco Chanel closed shop at Maison Chanelleaving only jewellry

    andparfumerie for saleand moved theHtel Ritz Paris, where she resided with her boyfriend, Hans Gnther von

    Dincklage, a Nazi intelligence officer.[2][5][7]Upon conquering France in June of 1940, the Nazis established a Parisian

    occupation-headquarters in theHtel Meurice, on the rue de la Rivoli, opposite theLouvre Museum, and just around the

    corner from the fashionable Maison Chanel S.A., at 31 rue Cambon.[2]Meanwhile, because of the Nazi occupations

    official anti-Semitism, Pierre Wertheimer and family, had fled France to the U.S., in mid-1940. Later, in 1941, CocoChanel attempted to legalistically assume full and formal business control of Parfums Chanel, but was thwarted by an

    administrativedelegationthat disallowed her sole disposition of theparfumerie. Having foreseen the Nazi occupation

    policy of the seizure-and-expropriation to Germany of Jewish business and assets in France, Pierre Wertheimer, the

    majority partner, had earlier, in May 1940, designated Felix Amiot, a Christian French industrialist, as the

    Aryanproxywhose legal control of the Parfums Chanel business proved politically acceptable to the Nazis, who then

    allowed the perfume company to continue as an operating business.[7][9]

    Occupied France abounded with rumours that Coco Chanel was a Nazicollaborator; her clandestine identity was secret

    agent 7124 of theAbwehr, code-named Westminster.[10]As such, by order of GeneralWalter Schellenberg, of

    theSicherheitsdienst, Chanel was despatched to London on a mission to communicate to British Prime MinisterWinston

    Churchillthe particulars of a separate peace plan proposed byReichsfhrer-SSHeinrich Himmler, who sought to avoid

    surrendering to theRed Armyof the Soviet Russians. At Wars end, upon the Allied liberation of France, Chanel was

    arrested for having collaborated with the Nazis. In September 1944, theFree FrenchPurge Committee, the puration,

    summoned Chanel for interrogation about her collaborationism, yet, without documentary evidence of or witnesses to her

    collaboration with the Nazis, and because of Churchills secret intervention in her behalf, the puration released Coco

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Meuricehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Meuricehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Meuricehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_votinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_votinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_votinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborationismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborationismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborationismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abwehrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abwehrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abwehrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-The_New_Yorker-McAuley-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-The_New_Yorker-McAuley-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-The_New_Yorker-McAuley-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schellenberghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schellenberghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schellenberghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicherheitsdiensthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicherheitsdiensthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicherheitsdiensthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A,_Walter_Schellenberg.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A,_Walter_Schellenberg.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A,_Walter_Schellenberg.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A,_Walter_Schellenberg.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicherheitsdiensthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Schellenberghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-The_New_Yorker-McAuley-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abwehrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborationismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_votinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Meuricehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    9/24

    Chanel from arrest as a traitor to France.[11][7]Nation-wide, the liberated French people avenged themselves upon the men

    and the women who had collaborated with theThird Reichs brutal, five-year occupation of France; a shaved head was the

    mildest punishment for les collaborateurs horizontales, women who had expediently perdured the Occupation and

    survived the War with sexual prostitution. Despite having been freed by the British political grace of the deus ex

    machinaChurchill, the strength of the rumours of Chanels Nazi collaboration had made it infeasible for her to safely

    remain in France; promptly, Coco Chanel and her German lover, Hans Gnther von Dincklage, went into an eight-year

    exile to Switzerland.[2][7]

    In the postWar period, during Coco Chanels Swiss exile from France, Pierre Wertheimer returned to Paris, and regained

    formal administrative control of his familys business holdings including control of Parfums Chanel,

    theparfumerie established with his venture capital, and successful because of the Chanel name.[7]In Switzerland, the news

    revived Coco Chanels resentment at having been anartiste commercially exploited by her business partner, for only ten

    per cent of the money; spiteful, she then established a rival Swissparfumerie to create, produce, and sell herChanel

    perfumes. In turn, Wertheimer, the majoritycapital stockowner of Parfums Chanel, saw his business interests threatened,

    and his commercial rights infringed, because he did not possess legally exclusive rights to the Chanel name. Nonetheless,

    Wertheimer avoided atrademarkinfringementlawsuitagainst Coco Chanel, lest it damage the commercial reputation and

    theartistic credibilityofhis Chanel-brandparfumerie. Sagaciously, Pierre Wertheimer settled his business- and

    commercial-rights quarrel with Mademoiselle Chanel, and, in May 1947, they renegotiated the 1924 contract that had

    established Parfums Chanelshe was paid $400,000 in cash (wartime profits from the sales of perfume No. 5 de

    Chanel); assigned a 2.0 per centrunning royaltyfrom the sales of No. 5parfumerie; assigned limited commercial rights to

    sell herChanel perfumes in Switzerland; and granted a perpetual monthlystipendthat paid all of her expenses. In

    exchange, the astute businesswoman, Gabrielle Chanel closed her Swissparfumerie enterprise, and sold to Parfums

    Chanel the full rights to the name Coco Chanel.[7][12]

    Resurgence 1950s1970s

    This section appears to be written likean advertisement. Please helpimprove itbyrewriting promotional content from aneutral point of viewand removing anyinappropriateexternal links.(June 2010)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Reichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Reichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Reichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawsuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawsuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawsuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaltieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaltieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaltieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stipendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stipendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stipendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NOT#SOAPBOXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NOT#SOAPBOXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NOT#SOAPBOXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:ELhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:ELhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:ELhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:ELhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_viewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NOT#SOAPBOXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stipendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaltieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawsuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Reichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-10
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    10/24

    Chanel haute couture: Cashmere suit comprising a sleeveless dress and a long, cardigan-style coat. (ca. 1960)

    In 1953, upon returning to France from Switzerland, Coco Chanel found the fashion business enamoured of the New

    Look (1947), byChristian Dior; the signature shape featured a below-mid-calf-length, full-skirt, a narrow waist, and a

    large bust (stylistically absent since 1912). As a postWar fashion that used some 20 yards of fabric, theHouse of

    Diorcouture renounced wartime rationing of fabric for clothes.[7]In 1947after the six-year austerities of theSecond

    World War(193945)the New Look was much welcomed to the fashion business of Western Europe, because sales of

    the pretty clothes would revive business and the economy.[13]Theartisticand business challenges were upon Coco Chanel;

    despite being a pretty and veryfemininefashion, the New Look reinstated the ornamental woman created with corseted

    fashionslike those of theBelle poqueand of theEdwardian Erawhich Chanel had opposed at the beginning of her

    career as acouturire.[2]Chanel met the artistic and technical challenges of The New Look by recognizing and

    acknowledging that the House of Chanel could be re-established, despite the changed, postWar market for haute

    couture she found in France.[2]

    To regain the business primacy of the House of Chanel, in the fashion fields ofhaute couture,prt--porter,costume

    jewelry, andparfumerie, would be expensive; so, with rancour and haughtiness subdued, Coco Chanel approached Pierre

    Wertheimer for business advice and capital.[7]Having decided to do business with Coco Chanel, Wertheimers

    negotiations to fund the resurgence of the House of Chanel, granted him commercial rights to all Chanel-brand

    products.[7]Despite the past, the re-kindled WertheimerChanel business relationship proved most lucrative, when the

    sense of style of the culturally perceptive Coco Chanel re-established Chanel as the most prestigious label in the fashion

    business.[7]In 1953, Chanel hired and collaborated with the jewelerRobert Goossens; he was to design jewelry (bijouterie

    and gemstone) to complement the coutureandprt--porterfashions of the House of Chanel; notably, long-strand

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couturierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couturierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costume_jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costume_jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costume_jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costume_jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Goossenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Goossenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Goossenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_suit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Goossenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costume_jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costume_jewelryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couturierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Diorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A.
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    11/24

    necklaces of black pearls and of white pearls, which high contrast softened the severe design of the knitted-wool Chanel

    Suit (skirt abd cardigan jacket).[5]

    The House of Chanel also presented leather handbags with either gold-colour chains or metal-and-leather chains, which

    allowed carrying the handbag from the shoulder or in hand. The quilted-leather handbag was presented to the public in

    February 1955. In-house, the numeric version of the launching date 2.55 for that line of handbags became the internal

    "appellation" for that model of quilted-leather handbag.[2]Throughout the 1950s, the sense of style of Mlle. Chanel

    continued undeterred; the firms initial venture into masculineparfumerie,Pour Monsieurwhich was, and remains, a most

    successfuleau de toilettefor men. Chanel and her spring collection received theFashion Oscarat the 1957 Fashion

    Awards in Dallas. Pierre Wertheimer bought Bader's 20 per cent share of the Parfums Chanel, which increased the

    Wertheimer perentage to 90 per cent.[7]Later, in 1965, Pierres son,Jacques Wertheimer, assumed his fathers

    management of theparfumerie.[7]About the past business relationship, between Pierre Wertheimer and Coco Chanel, the

    Chanel attorney, Chambrun said that it had been one based on a businessmans passion, despite her misplaced feelings of

    exploitation . . . [thus] when Pierre returned to Paris, full of pride and excitement [after one of his horses won the 1956

    English Derby]. He rushed to Coco, expecting congratulations and praise. But she refused to kiss him. She resented him,

    you see, all her life.[7][7]

    Coco Chanel died on 10 January 1971, at the age of 87.[2]She was still "designing, still working" at the time of her

    death.[2]For example, in the (19661969) period, she designed the air hostess uniforms forOlympic Airways, the designer

    who followed her wasPierre Cardin. In that time, Olympic Airways was a luxury airline, owned by the transport

    magnateAristotle Onassis. After her death, leadership of the company was handed down toYvonne Dudel,Jean

    Cazaubon, andPhilippe Guibourge.[2]After a period of time, Jacques Wertheimer bought the controlling interest of the

    House of Chanel.[2][7]

    Critics stated that during his leadership, he never paid much attention to the company, as he wasmore interested in horse breeding.[7]In 1974, the House of Chanel launchedCristalleeau de toilette, which was designed

    when Coco Chanel was alive. 1978 saw the launch of the first non-couture,prt--porterline and worldwide distribution

    of accessories.

    Alain Wertheimer, son of Jacques Wertheimer, assumed control of Chanel S.A. in 1974.[2][7]In the U.S., No. 5 de Chanel

    was perceives as apassfashion.seen as a passe perfume.[7]Alain revamped Chanel No.5 sales by reducing the number of

    outlets carrying the fragrance from 18,000 to 12,000. He removed the perfume from drugstore shelves, and invested

    millions of dollars in advertisement for Chanel cosmetics. This ensured a greater sense of scarcity and exclusivity for

    No.5, and sales rocketed back up as demand for the fragrance increased.

    [7]

    He also used many famous people to endorsethe perfumefromMarilyn MonroetoAudrey Tautou. Looking for a designer who could bring the label to new heights,

    he persuadedKarl Lagerfeldto end his contract with fashion houseChlo.

    [edit]The postCoco era

    The couturierKarl Lagerfeld, chief designer at Chanel S.A., and the Bolivian couturire Monica Moss. (Monaco 2005)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pour_Monsieur&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pour_Monsieur&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pour_Monsieur&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_toilettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_toilettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_toilettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Oscar&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Oscar&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Oscar&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Airlineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Airlineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Airlineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Cardinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Cardinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Cardinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle_Onassishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle_Onassishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle_Onassishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yvonne_Dudel&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yvonne_Dudel&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yvonne_Dudel&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Cazaubon&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Cazaubon&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Cazaubon&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Cazaubon&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philippe_Guibourge&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philippe_Guibourge&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristalle&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristalle&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristalle&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Karl_Lagerfeld_with_(Bolivian_Designer)_Monica_Moss,_at_the_Red_Cross_Ball_in_Monaco,_August_2005.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Tautouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristalle&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philippe_Guibourge&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Cazaubon&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean_Cazaubon&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yvonne_Dudel&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle_Onassishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Cardinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Airlineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Wertheimerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Oscar&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_toilettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pour_Monsieur&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-4
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    12/24

    Chanel couture by Lagerfeld: the AutumnWinter 20112012 collection

    The 1980sKarl Lagerfeld

    In 1981, Chanel launched a new eau de toilette for men, Antaeus. In 1983, Karl Lagerfeld took over as chief designer for

    Chanel.[7]

    He changed Chanel's fashion lines from the old lines to shorter cuts and eye capturing designs. During the1980s, more than 40 Chanel boutiques were opened up worldwide.[7]By the end of the 1980s, these boutiques sold goods

    ranging from US$200-per-ounce perfume, US$225 ballerina slippers to US$11,000 dresses and US$2,000 leather

    handbags.[7]Rights to Chanel cosmetics and fragrances were held by Chanel only and not shared with other beauty

    producers and distributors.[7]As Lagerfeld took charge as chief designer, other designers and marketers for Chanel worked

    on keeping the classic Chanel look to maintain the Chanel legend.[7]Chanel marketer Jean Hoehn explained, "We

    introduce a new fragrance every 10 years, not every three minutes like many competitors. We don't confuse the consumer.

    With Chanel, people know what to expect. And they keep coming back to us, at all ages, as they enter and leave the

    market."[7]The launch of a new fragrance in honor of Coco Chanel, Coco, in 1984 maintained success in the perfumery

    business with Chanel.[7]In 1986, the House of Chanel struck a deal with watchmakers and in 1987, the first Chanel watch

    made its debut. By the end of the decade, Alain moved the offices to New York City.[7]

    The 1990s

    The company became a global leader in fragrance making and marketing in the 1990s.[7]Heavy marketing investment

    increased revenue.[7]The success of the Maison de Chanel brought the Wertheimer family fortune to $5 billion

    USD.[7]Product lines such as watches (retailing for as much as $7,000 USD), shoes, high-end clothes, cosmetics, and

    accessories were expanded.[7]Sales were hurt by the recession of the early 1990s, but Chanel recovered by the mid-1990s

    with further boutique expansion.[7]1990 saw the launch of .[7]

    In 1996, Chanel bought gunmakerHolland & Holland. It attempted to revamp Holland & Holland, but did not

    succeed.[7]1996 also greeted the launch of Allure fragrance and due to its immense popularity, a men's version,Allure

    Hommewas launched in 1998. Better success came with the purchase ofEres(a swimwear label). The House of Chanel

    launched its first skin care line,PRCISIONin 1999. That same year, Chanel launched a new travel collection, and under

    a license contract withLuxottica, introduced a line of sunglasses and eyeglass frames.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_%26_Hollandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_%26_Hollandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_%26_Hollandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allure_Homme&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allure_Homme&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allure_Homme&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allure_Homme&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eres_(fashion_label)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eres_(fashion_label)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eres_(fashion_label)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PR%C3%89CISION&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PR%C3%89CISION&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PR%C3%89CISION&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxotticahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxotticahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxotticahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxotticahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PR%C3%89CISION&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eres_(fashion_label)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allure_Homme&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allure_Homme&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_%26_Hollandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    13/24

    The 21st century

    While Alain Wertheimer remained chairman of Chanel, CEO and President Franoise Montenay was to bring Chanel into

    the 21st century.[7]2000 saw the launch of the first unisex watch by Chanel, the J12. In 2001,Bell & Rosswas purchased

    (a watchmaker). The same year, Chanel boutiques offering only selections of accessories were opened in the United

    States.[7]Chanel also launched a small selection of menswear as a part of their runway shows which may be purchased at a

    few flagship boutiques including Rue Cambon vjk (Paris), Soho (New York), Roberston Blvd (Los Angeles) and the

    Prince's building (Hong Kong).

    In 2002, Chanel launched theChanceperfume, a fragrance meant to convey glamour. The House of Chanel also founded

    theParaffectioncompany that gathered the fiveAteliers dArt: Desrues for ornamentation, Lemari for feathers and

    camellias,Lesagefor embroidery, Massaro for shoemaking, and Michel for millinery. A prt--porter collection

    leveraging their know-how was designed by Karl Lagerfeld. It is now traditionally presented each December. In July 2002,

    a jewelry and watch flagship store was opened on the upscaleMadison Avenue.[7]Within months, a 1,000sqft shoes and

    handbag boutique was opened next door to the jewelry and watches flagship.[7]Also in 2002, a rumor suggesting that

    Chanel was considering a merger with theluxury goodsParisian fashion companyHermscirculated.[7]Although such a

    merger would have produced one of the largest fashion companies in the world, and rival the likes ofMot-Hennessy

    Louis Vuitton, it was never consummated. Chanel continued to expand in the United States and by December 2002, it

    operated 25 U.S. boutiques.[7]Chanel stated it would like to open more boutiques in more U.S. cities such as Atlanta and

    Seattle.

    In order to please the younger followers, Chanel introducedCoco Mademoiselleand an "In-Between Wear" in 2003. That

    same year saw such an immense popularity of Chanel haute couture that the company founded a second shop on Rue

    Cambon. Desiring a presence in the Asian market, the House of Chanel opened a new 2,400 square feet (220 m2) boutique

    in Hong Kong and paid nearly $50 million USD for a building inGinza, Tokyo.[2]

    [edit]Corporate identity

    The logotype

    The Chanel logotype comprises two interlocked, opposed letters-C, one faced forwards, one faced backwards. The

    logotype was given to Chanel by the Chteau de Crmat, Nice, and was not registered as a trademark until the first Chanel

    shops were established.[14]Chanel is currently dealing with illegal use of the double-C logotype on cheaper goods,

    especiallycounterfeithandbags. The company has stated that it is a top priority of theirs to stop the sale of counterfeitproducts.[15]Countries said to be producing great numbers of counterfeit Chanel handbags are Vietnam and China. An

    authentic classic Chanel handbag retails from around US $4,150, while a counterfeit usually costs around $200 USD,

    creating a demand for the signature style at a cheaper price. Beginning in the 1990s, all authentic Chanel handbags are

    serialized.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_%26_Rosshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_%26_Rosshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_%26_Rosshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chance_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chance_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chance_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paraffection&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paraffection&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paraffection&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ateliers_d%E2%80%99Art&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ateliers_d%E2%80%99Art&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ateliers_d%E2%80%99Art&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Lesagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Lesagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Lesagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVMHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVMHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVMHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVMHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVMHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Mademoisellehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Mademoisellehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Mademoisellehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterfeithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterfeithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterfeithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterfeithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-directory-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco_Mademoisellehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVMHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVMHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herm%C3%A8shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madison_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Lesagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ateliers_d%E2%80%99Art&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paraffection&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chance_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_%26_Rosshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-funding-6
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    14/24

    The logotype:

    The House of Chanel is represented by two interlocked letters-C, for Coco Chanel.

    Perfume label trademark:

    The No. 5 de Chanel trademark and font were introduced in 1926.

    Couture trademark:

    The small caps name and font were introduced in 1924.

    The trademarks

    One timeline measurement for Chanel presence in the United States is via trademark registered with theUnited States

    Patent and Trademark Office(USPTO). On Tuesday, 18 November 1924, Chanel, Inc. filed two trademark applications.

    One was for the typeset mark Chanel. The second application was for the distinctive interlocking CC design plus word

    mark. In that time, the Chanel trademarks were registered only for the perfume, toiletry, and cosmetic products in the

    primary class of common metals and their alloys. Chanel provided the description offace powder, perfume,eau de

    cologne, toilet water,lip stick, androuge, to the USPTO.[16]The Chanel and double-C trademarks were awarded on the

    same date of 24 February 1925 with respective Serial Numbers of 71205468 and 71205469. Their status is registered and

    renewed and owned by Chanel, Inc. of New York. The earliest trademark application for the inaugural No. 5 perfume is on

    Thursday, 1 April 1926. Application was filed by Chanel, Inc. and described to the USPTO as perfume and toilet water.

    First use and commercial use is stated as 1 January 1921. Registration was granted on 20 July 1926 with Serial Number71229497. No. 5's status is registered, renewed, and owned by Chanel, Inc.

    [edit]Products

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_powderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_powderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_powderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_Colognehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_Colognehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_Colognehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_Colognehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipstickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipstickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipstickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipstickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_Colognehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eau_de_Colognehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_powderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office
  • 7/31/2019 Chanel Wiki

    15/24

    La nez de Chanel: The perfumer Ernest Beaux (18811961) created No. 5 de Chanel in 1921.

    Clothes

    Designer Season City Locale Presentationdate Line Theme For sale

    KarlLagefeld

    FallWinter2010

    Paris Grand Palais 6 July 2010Hautecouture

    A lion On order

    KarlLagefeld

    SpringSummer 2011

    Paris Grand Palais 5 October 2010Prt--porter

    An orchestraMarch2011

    KarlLagefeld

    ParisByzantium

    Paris 31 rueCambon

    7 December 2010 Prt--porter

    A B