COMMENTAIREpar Robert Finch,président nationale de la Ligue monarchiste du Canada

En lisant la lettre ci-haut envoyée à l’un de nos membres(qui était écrite en anglais, donc nous ne l’avons pas traduite,afin de préserver la signification exacte de M. Trudeau) vousallez constater que, pour la première fois à ma connaissance,le chef du Parti libéral du Canada a exprimé publiquementson avis sur la monarchie constitutionnelle du Canada.

J’aimerais vous faire part brièvement de mes premièresimpressions de cette lettre – positives et négatives.

Mais auparavant, cependant, il est important de se rap-peler que la ligue est, a toujours été, et sera toujours, un organisme non partisan. Naturellement, nous nous félici-tons du bilan du gouvernement Harper en ce qui concernela couronne canadienne: il s’agit d’une série de mesures mûrement réfléchies et réalisées avec efficacité qui visent àaccroître la visibilité de la monarchie

May 18-21 tour toinclude Nova Scotia,PEI & Manitoba

Royals mark beginningof “a five-year periodof significant nationalcelebrations” – PM

Awarm statement by the Prime Min-ister on January 14 confirmed thenews released by Rideau Hall that

the Prince of Wales and Duchess of Corn-wall would return to Canada this May.

Mr Harper said that “I am pleased thateir Royal Highnesses will be joining usin a few months time as Canada enters afive-year period of significant nationalcelebrations, beginning with the centen-nial of the outbreak of the Great War andthe 150th anniversary of the Charlotte-

town and Québec City Conferences,which led to the creation of the Dominionof Canada,” said the Prime Minister.“Can adians look forward to having eirRoyal Highnesses with us for these andother important moments in the historyof our country.”

While more details were not availableat press time, the outline itinerary showsthat the Royal couple will undertake en-gagements in Halifax and Pictou County,NS (May 18-19); in Charlottetown, Bon-shaw, and Cornwall, PEI (May 19 and 20)and in Winnipeg (May 20-21).

“Of course we always wish Charles andCamilla could remain longer in Canada,”remarked Monarchist League DominionChairman Robert Finch, “but it’s perhapsmore important that they come frequent -ly. And to see them here about every yearand a half is wonderful – a real commit-ment to Canada by the Prince of Wales!”

Charles & Camilla Come Home to Canada in May

IN THIS EDITION OF CMN – DANS CE NUMÉRO DE NMC

Court rejects Oath challenge p. 3

Prince of Wales’ Canadian Charities pp. 4-7

Crown and Canadian Federalism:review of major new book pp. 8-9

Important Monarchist League noticesand reflections – Finch pp. 9, 16, 21-23

Commons’ greetings to Prince George:Stéphane Dion applaudit la Couronne p. 14

League forms Succession Committee p. 15

Princess Royal’s Canadian Homecoming p. 17

Vice-Regal Round-up: GG/LG activitiesJohnston reflects on timeat Rideau Hall pp. 18-20

suite à la page 2

Canadian Monarchist NewsLes Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada

Spring/printemps 2014 — No. 36An occasional Newsletter for members and friends of The Monarchist League of Canada

Publications Mail Agreement No. 40030314Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to:

The Monarchist League of CanadaLa Ligue Monarchiste du Canada,

PO Box1057, Lakeshore West PO, Oakville, Ontario, Canada L6K 0B2905-855-7262 (800) 465-6925 www.monarchist.ca

Publication Mail Poste-publications

#40030314C.P.A. ST-LAURENT, QC.

THE MONARCHIST LEAGUE OF CANADA – 44th ANNIVERSARY 1970-2014

COMMENTARY: MONARCHIST LEAGUE’SVIEW OF THE TRUDEAU LETTER

“...neither negative nor personally orinstitutionally a ringing endorsement...”

by Robert Finch,Dominion Chairman, the Monarchist League of Canada

As you will see from the letter above sent to a Leaguemember, for the first time, insofar as I am aware, theleader of the Liberal Party of Canada has gone on therecord about his view of Canada’s constitutional mon -archy. I want to share with you my impressions of thisletter, both positive and negative.

Before doing so, however, it is important that weshould remember that the League has always been, andwill remain, a non-partisan organization. Naturally, wehave been delighted at the record of the Harper Ministryinsofar as the Canadian Crown is concerned: it is oneof carefully-thought out and ef- Justin Trudeau: views on Canadian Crown ambivalent?

Trudeau – ambivalence à l’égard de la Couronne?

JUSTIN TRUDEAU’S FIRST WORDSON CANADA’S MONARCHY

JUSTIN TRUDEAU ÉXPRIME SON AVISSUR LA MONARCHIE CANADIENNE

continued on page 2

Text of Trudeau Letter: ank you very much fortaking the time to write to me regarding the monarchyin Canada. I would also like to thank you for your kindwords of congratulations [on his becoming party leader].

At the 2012 Liberal Party Convention, delegates wereinvited to introduce, debate, and vote on Liberal policy.Delegates explicitly rejected a motion to include sev-ering Canada’s ties with the monarchy as part of Liberal

policy. My view is that severing our centuries-old con-nection to the monarchy is not a decision to be madelightly. e monarchy remains a cornerstone of Cana-da’s foundation, and any debate surrounding changesto this institution must include as many Canadians aspossible in the discussion.

ank you again for taking the time to write. I alwaysappreciate the opportunity to hear the thoughts and

opinions of Canadians. It is through such exchanges ofideas and opinions that I can best represent not onlymy constituents, but all Canadians.

Sincerely,

Justin P. J. TrudeauMember of Parliament for PapineauLeader of the Liberal Party of Canada

2 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

et à améliorer la compréhension et l’en-thousiasme des Canadiens et Canadiennesà l’endroit de cette institution qui est aucœur de notre esprit national.

Cependant, nous nous sommes tou-jours engagés à faire valoir la couronne età entrer en contact avec la direction, le cau-cus et les membres de tous les partis poli-tiques fédéralistes. Nous avons souventmis en garde contre le danger de voir lacouronne comme étant la « propriété »d’un seul parti de sorte que l’on en fait unesoi-disant pomme de discorde. Et noussommes parfaitement conscients que leprochain gouvernement ne sera peut-êtrepas aussi favorable à la couronne et qu’ilne se sentira peut-être pas appelé à main-tenir, et à plus forte raison renforcer, l’ad-mirable bilan pro- monarchie de monsieurHarper et ses ministres. Et nous avons étéparticulièrement ravis d’apprendre quequelques-uns de nos jeunes membres sontdu nombre de ceux qui ont organisé desactivités visant à faire rejeter le républica-nisme lors du congrès politique auquel lalettre de monsieur Trudeau fait allusion.

En votre nom, j’ai également commu-niqué, et je continue à communiquer, encoulisses avec les cabinets des chefs duNPD et du PLC afin de créer des liens utileset pour montrer que la ligue est le seul or-ganisme national dont le but unique est depromouvoir la compréhension et de ren-forcer le soutien de la couronne de manièrerationnelle – que nous ne sommes pas,comme certains médias sont très portés àcaractériser les monarchistes, que ce soitavec « m » majuscule ou minuscule, des

« observateurs » de la famille royale, des« adorateurs de la reine », des sycophantes,« pro- britanniques », des gens de bonnesociété, des « WASP » (blancs protestantsd’origine anglo-saxonne), voire des « To-ries » (conservateurs) anglicans.

En réalité, nous les monarchistessommes un group de Canadiens et Cana-diennes aussi diverses que l’on peut s’ima-giner. Comme la plupart des électeurs etélectrices engagés, nous ne sommes pastoujours d’accord et il nous plaît de discu-ter des questions du jour, mais nous restons unis sous la grande tente de la couronne – ou, comme l’a si bien exprimél’ancienne gouverneure générale AdrienneClarkson en faisant référence aux premiersalliés canadiens de la couronne, nous faisons parti du « cercle des premières na-tions qui s’agrandit pour nous accueillirtous et toutes ».

En ce qui concerne les aspects positifsde la lettre de monsieur Trudeau, d’abordil fait allusion à la décision du congrès duPLC. Ainsi, il ne tire pas le rideau sur cettedécision ni la déforme ni en diminue l’im-portance. En effet, il se sert du mot « ex-plicite » en parlant de la prise de positiondu parti. D’ailleurs, le chef libéral reconnaîtque la couronne est fondamentale au Canada et un fait d’importance que l’on nesaurait changer à la légère.

Pour ce qui est des aspects de la lettrequi semblent moins positifs, relevonsd’abord et avant tout chez monsieur Tru-deau le manque de toute affirmation sanséquivoque de loyauté personnelle ou d’ap-pui pour la monarchie. D’ailleurs, il utilise

fectively-executed steps to strengthen thevisibility of the Monarchy, and to increaseCanadians’ understanding and enthusi-asm for it as a core institution of our na-tionhood.

At the same time, we have always beencommitted to promoting the Crown to andmaking contact with the leadership, cau-cus and rank and file of all federalist po-litical parties. We have warned against thedanger of the Crown being seen as the“property” of any one party, and thus usedas a so-called “wedge issue” in the partisanpolitical arena. And we have known thata future Ministry – whether led by a Torysuccessor to Mr Harper or a Prime Min-ister of another party – may well not be asfavorable to the Crown, or feel called tomaintain, let alone build on the admirablepro-monarchy record of Mr Harper andhis Ministers. And we were especially de-lighted that some of our YM’s wereamongst the leaders of activity which or-ganized the rejection of republicanism atthe Liberal Policy Convention to which MrTrudeau’s letter alludes.

I also have reached out on your behalf,and continue to make contact with theNDP and Liberal party officials behind thescenes in order to develop useful liaisonsand demonstrate that the League is theonly national organization whose sole pur-pose is to promote understanding of andsupport for the Crown in a rational way –that we are not, as some media love to mis-characterize monarchists of both big andsmall “m” variety, “royal-watchers,”“Queen worshippers,” sycophants, “pro-British”, a dining-out society, “Waspy” orfor that matter, “Anglican Tories.”

In fact we monarchists are a group ofCanadian folk who are as diverse as onecan imagine, and who like most engagedvoters disagree and enjoy arguing aboutthe issues of the day, but who remain unit-ed under the big inclusive tent of theCrown – or as former Governor GeneralAdrienne Clarkson put it so aptly with ref-erence to the Crown’s first Canadian allies,we find ourselves part of “the AboriginalCircle widening to include us all.”

e positive aspects of Mr Trudeau’sletter seem to me to be, first, that he refer-ences the decision of the Liberal Conven-tion, and so does not sweep it under thetable, misrepresent its views or diminishits importance. Indeed, he uses the word

“explicitly” in reference to the Party’s de-cision. e Liberal leader also shows re-spect for the Crown as foundational toCanada, and a matter of importance whichcannot lightly be changed.

e parts of the letter that seem lesspositive include, first and foremost, thelack of any definite affirmation of personalloyalty to and support of the Monarchy byMr Trudeau. Moreover, the language em-ploys the common misnomers of referenc-ing “ties” and “connection” to the Monar-chy – which may more reflect the media’stypical misuse of these terms thus in-grained in the minds of his staff than anyhostility on Mr Trudeau’s part – but which– as we oen remind Canadians – suggestsnot the inherent nature of our country asdeeply-rooted in constitutional monarchybut more as some sort of appendage, colo-nial relic or other attachment that couldbe severed rather as a surgeon might neatlyremove an appendix. Finally, Mr Trudeau’swriting about a “debate” including manyCanadians could seem to suggest, albeitcautiously and without advocating such aprocess, that the decision of his Party Con-vention is not conclusive, and that therecould be some wide-ranging debate on itsfuture.

In sum, I feel it is not a negative letter,nor do I believe it is intended to be so. Butneither is it – either personally or institu-tionally – a ringing endorsement of theCrown.

I can assure you that my colleagues andI will continue to reach out to Mr Trudeauas well as to Mr Mulcair in ways you maynot always hear about but which I regardas basic to my responsibilities as Chair-man. We have also been delighted as thepositive response of all-party spokesmento the birth of Prince George as evidencedin their House of Commons tributes. Andit is encouraging that many NDP and Lib-eral MPs, together with Tory parliamen-tarians, regularly request large numbers ofthe League’s educational booklets, in Eng-lish and French, for use in their constituen-cies.

I would be very interested to receivereaders’ thoughts about Mr Trudeau’s let-ter and any advice you might have on theMonarchist League’s strategy on this mat-ter going forward. ank you for your en-gagement, support and assistance.

TRUDEAU ON CROWN...continued from page 1

des termes inappropriés en parlant des« liens » et de notre « rattachement » à lamonarchie. Peut-être s’agit-il là d’un refletdu vocabulaire mal choisi qu’utilisent lesmédias et que son personnel a fait sien plu-tôt que d’une hostilité de la part de mon-sieur Trudeau. Mais comme nous l’avonssouvent rappelé aux Canadiens et Cana-diennes, ce choix de mots ne fait pas jaillirle fait que notre pays est profondément en-raciné dans la monarchie constitution-nelle. Au contraire, ce langage suggère quecelle-ci est une sorte d’appendice, un ves-tige de l’ère coloniale ou un autre accessoireque l’on pourrait découper comme un chi-rurgien procéderait à une appendicecto-mie. Enfin, que monsieur Trudeau parled’un « débat » auquel participeraient beau-coup de Canadiens et Canadiennes semblesuggérer, même avec caution et sans prô-ner un changement, que la décision ducongrès de son parti n’est pas définitive etqu’il pourrait y avoir un large débat surl’avenir de la monarchie.

En résumé, je crois que ce n’est pas unelettre négative et qu’on n’a pas voulu qu’elle

le soit. Par contre, elle ne représente pas –ni sur le plan personnel ni sur le plan ins-titutionnel – un appui sans réserve de lacouronne.

Je peux vous donner l’assurance quemoi et mes collègues continuerons à com-muniquer avec messieurs Trudeau et Mul-cair et leurs collegues de façons qui ne vousseront pas toujours évidentes mais que jecompte parmi mes responsabilités en tantque votre président. De plus, la réponse desporte-paroles de tous les partis à la nais-sance du prince George, comme le témoi-gnent les hommages rendus à la Chambredes communes, nous a ravis. Et je suis en-couragé de ce que nombre de députés duNPD et du PLC, comme les parlementairesconservateurs, font régulièrement des de-mandes de livrets pédagogiques de la ligueen anglais et en français à l’usage de leursélecteurs et électrices.

Je serais intéressé à avoir vos réflexionssur la lettre de monsieur Trudeau et à re-cevoir tout conseil que vous auriez quantà une stratégie éventuelle relative à cettequestion.

TRUDEAU ÉXPRIME...suite de la page 1

CHARLES INVESTS INHIS FUTURE REALM

THE PRINCE’S CHARITIES INCANADA ON THE MOVE

EDITORIAL COMMENTe frequent returns to Canada by the Prince of Wales and Duchess of

Cornwall are not only the result of Ottawa’s enthusiasm for the CanadianCrown. ey mark a refreshed, visible commitment on the part of Charlesthat he values the Maple Realm and fully intends one day to be its King. Withwise counsellors both new and old having his ear here, he also realizes thatthere is no substitute for his regular, physical presence in the country. Butmore – and as significant – he has invested a great deal of thought and energyin bringing to Canada the vehicle that in no small measure has been the engineof his rehabilitation – together with the faultless, sensitive public role of hisdevot ed wife – in the affections of Britons; namely, his passionate involvementwith and practical facilitation of numerous good works which are assembledunder the banner of e Prince’s Trust.

e Prince’s Charities in Canada, still in its relative infancy, forms the anal-ogous grouping in this land. As monarchists, as Canadians, as admirers ofCharles, we think its imaginative energy and diverse outreach deserve to bebetter known and to succeed – for its good works’ sake, yes; and as much forhow it can assist in re-developing the bond between Prince and Canadianswhich we felt so keenly in his youth and early adulthood – remember his as-serting our Northern sovereignty with that dive into frigid Arctic waters? Andhow he looked all the world like the Michelin tire man when he re-emerged?

Time and circumstance went on to take their toll. But it is not too late torejuvenate an appreciation of a remarkable man of restless energy and deter-mined mien, who merits, in the fullness of time, being welcomed and hailed– not merely tolerated in expectation of better things – as our King and headof the nation, as opposed to simply being head of state, a distinction made ina related context in Michael Jackson’s book reviewed later in these pages.

Hence, as our small contribution to that future, CMN devotes a deal ofspace in this issue to providing our readers with an overview of the Prince’sCharities in Canada. We hope that it will encourage the interest and involve-ment of our readers in feeling profound respect for Charles and the visionarywork he effects every day that is now made far more manifest in this Realm.

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 3

CITATION: McAteer et al. v. AttorneyGeneral of Canada, 2013 ONSC 5895COURT FILE NO.: 05-CV-301832-PD3DATE: 20130920ONTARIOSUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICEBETWEEN:Michael McAteer, Simone E.A. Topey,and Dror Bar-NatanApplicantsPeter Rosenthal, Michael Smith,Selwyn Pieters, and Reni Chang,for the Applicants– and –e Attorney General of CanadaDefendantKristina Dragaitis and Ned Djordjevic,for the DefendantHEARD: July 12, 2013 Morgan J.

[1] Under section 3(1)(c) of the CitizenshipAct, RSC 1985, c C-29 (the “Act”), a personover 14 years old must take an oath of cit-izenship in order to become a Canadiancitizen. Section 12(3) of the Act providesthat a certificate of citizenship issued to anew Canadian by the Minister of Citizen-ship and Immigration does not become ef-fective until the oath is taken.[2] e form of oath is authorized and setout in section 24 of the Act and the Sched-ule thereto, as follows:I swear (or affirm) that I will be faithful andbear true allegiance to Her Majesty QueenElizabeth the Second, Queen of Canada,Her Heirs and Successors, and that I willfaithfully observe the laws of Canada andfulfill my duties as a Canadian citizen.[3] e Applicants submit that the oath tothe Queen violates sections 2(b) (freedomof expression), section 2(a) (freedom of religion), and section 15(1) (equalityrights) of the Canadian Charter of Rightsand Freedoms, Constitution Act, 1982, Schedule B to the Canada Act, 1982 (UK),1982, c 11 (the “Charter”). ey further submit that the oath does not constitute a reasonable limit on those rights under sec-

tion 1 of the Charter. e Respondent takesthe position that what the Applicants areseeking is a positive right to citizenship,which is not a right protected by the Char-ter; accordingly, the Respondent submitsthat the oath to the Queen does not violateany of the constitutional rights of the Ap-plicants.[4] For the reasons that follow, the Appli-cation is dismissed. e oath to the Queen,as required by the Act, is a form of com-pelled speech that prima facie infringes theApplicants’ freedom of expression undersection 2(b) of the Charter. At the sametime, the oath is a reasonable limit on theright of expression and is therefore savedby section 1. e oath does not violate ei-ther section 2(a) or section 15(1) of theCharter.

I. The Applicants’ claims

[5] All three of the Applicants are perma-nent residents of Canada who wish to be-come Canadian citizens. Other than theirfailure to take the oath of citizenship, theyhave each resided in Canada for more thanthe number of years required to becomenew citizens and depose that they haveotherwise qualified for citizenship underthe Act.[6] e Applicant, Michael McAteer, im-migrated to Canada from Ireland. He de-poses that his family fought for Irish inde-pendence from the British Crown and thathe holds republican beliefs that preventhim from ‘taking an oath of allegiance toa hereditary monarch who lives abroad...”He further states in his affidavit that swear-ing an oath to the Queen, as required bythe Act, would amount to “a betrayal of myrepublican heritage and impede my activ-ities in support of ending the monarchy inCanada.”[7] e Applicant, Simone Topey, immi-grated to Canada from Jamaica. She ex-plains in her affidavit that she adheres tothe Rastafarian faith. She deposes that toRastafarians, the “current society is Baby-

lon” and that the Queen is regarded as the“head of Babylon”. She further states thatit would violate her religious belief to takean oath to the person who is the head ofsuch a society.[8] e Applicant, Dror Bar-Natan, immi-grated to Canada from Israel. He deposesthat the oath is “repulsive” to him because“it states that some people, the royals andtheir heirs, are born with privilege.” Hefurther states that “it is a historic remnantof a time we all believe has passed”, andthat it would violate his belief in equalityof all persons to swear allegiance to “a sym-bol that we aren’t all equal and that someof us have to bow to others for reasons ofancestry alone.”[9] e Application was initiated by CharlesRoach, a prominent Ontario lawyer whopassed away in October 2012. He had im-migrated to Canada from Trinidad andTobago in 1955 and became a lawyer in1963. Cullity J. set out the salient featuresof Mr. Roach’s case in a reported decisionin his judgment denying certification ofthe present claim as a class action. Roachv Canada (Attorney General) (2009), 74CPC (6th) 22, at paras 18-21; aff ’d 84 CPC(6th) 276 (Ont Div Ct).[10] In 1988, Mr. Roach was informed bythe Law Society of Upper Canada that hehad to become a citizen by July 1, 1989 inorder to continue practicing law in On-tario. Mr. Roach applied for citizenship atthe time and went so far as to attend a cit-izenship ceremony, during which he askedthe presiding judge whether he could be-come a citizen without swearing an oathto the Queen. He received a negative an-swer whereupon, due to his conscientiousobjection, he refused to take the oath andthe certificate of citizenship was withheldfrom him.[11] As it turned out, before the expiry ofthe Law Society’s deadline the SupremeCourt of Canada rendered its decision inAndrews v Law Society of British Columbia,1989 CanLII 2 (SCC), [1989] 1 SCR 143striking down the requirement of Canadi-an citizenship for those seeking to becalled to the bar. Under amendments tothe Law Society Act that came into forceon February 27, 1989, the criteria for ad-mission to the Ontario bar were amendedto bring the law into compliance with theAndrews ruling. Mr. Roach was thereforepermitted to continue practicing law de-spite not having sworn the requisite oathto become a citizen of Canada.[12] It is fair to say that Mr. Roach’s stanceas an objector to the oath, although notsuccessful in its previous legal iterations,see Roach v Canada (Minister of State forMulticulturalism & Culture) 1994 CanLII3453 (FCA), (1994), 113 DLR (4th) 67 (FedCA); Roach v AG Canada, supra, broughtprominence to the issue at hand. He wasvery active in the political movement toabolish the monarchy for Canada. In ad-dition, the case of Charles Roach illustratesthat there are real costs to a long-timemember of Canadian society remaining apermanent resident rather than becominga citizen. As Cullity J. pointed out, at para22 of his judgment:He has turned down an invitation to applyfor appointment as a provincial judge be-cause of a requirement to take the oath ofallegiance, he is unable to vote or run forpublic office, he is no longer eligible forCanada Council grants that, as a poet, he

previously received, and he is unable totravel on a Canadian passport.

II. Legislative history

[13] Although the concept of Canadian citizenship itself originated in 1947 withthe Canadian Citizenship Act, SC 1946,c 16, s 1 (the “1947 Act”), the taking of anoath to the sovereign by new subjects ofthe Crown pre-dates Confederation. eQuébec Act, 1774, 14 Geo III c 83, enactedin the wake of the transfer of Lower Cana-da from the French monarch to the Eng-lish Crown, took into account the sensi-tivities of the Roman Catholic populationof Québec to the fact that the form of oathat the time made reference to the Protes-tant faith. It provided a secular alternativefor the first oath specific to persons newlynaturalized in Canada: “I [name] do sin-cerely promise and swear, that I will be faith-ful, and bear true Allegiance to his MajestyKing George...”[14] An oath to the Queen as a conditionof naturalization across the country wasintroduced in the very first parliamentarysession following Confederation. Section4(2) of An Act respecting Aliens and Natu-ralization, 31, V, c 66 (1869), provided thatevery alien, in order to be naturalized as aBritish subject resident in Canada, had toswear (or affirm) “that I will be faithful andbear true allegiance to Her Majesty QueenVictoria, as lawful Sovereign of the UnitedKingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, andof the Dominion of Canada...”[15] e requirement of taking an oath tothe Queen as a condition of citizenship wasre-enacted and imposed on every appli-cant for citizenship, whether a British sub-ject or not (except for a limited class of

LATEST OATH CHALLENGE REJECTED BY COURTPLUS RÉCENT DÉFI AU SERMENT À LA REINE REJETÉE PAR LA COUR

Le serment de citoyenneté est constitutionnel

continued on page 10

Mr Justice Edward Morgan of the Ontario Superior Court ruled on Septem-ber 20, 2013, against the application of three non-citizens to find the Oathof Canadian Citizenship unconstitutional. e learned Judge’s decision cameshortly aer the preceding issue of Canadian Monarchist News (availableonline) had treated extensively the long and unsuccessful legal history ofrepublican attacks on the Citizenship Oath and other Oaths to the Sovereign,both in terms of the present application and some of its predecessors.

CMN reprints below the greater part of Mr Justice Morgan’s decision – readerswho are not lawyers may be surprised at how intelligible it is to the non-legalmind – and how valuable its reasoning is for all who are called on to debatethis perennial issue in public or amongst family and friends. As customary,the decision is available only in the language of the pleadings.

• • •Le fait d’obliger les candidats à la citoyenneté canadienne à prêter sermentà la reine Élizabeth II n’enfreint pas la Constitution, selon une décision ren-due par la Cour supérieure de l’Ontario le 20 septembre. Ce sujet est traitéentièrement dans le dernier numéro de cette publication (svp voir en ligne).Les demandeurs ont décidé de faire appel de la décision malgré bon nombrede tribunaux ayant rejeté ces arguments sur une période de quelques dizainesd’années.

Nous ré-imprimons ci-dessous la plupart de la décision du juge Morgan. Leslecteurs qui ne sont pas des avocats peuvent être surpris de comment c’est in-telligible à l’esprit non juridiques – et combien son raisonnement est valablepour tous ceux qui sont appelés à débattre cette controverse vivace soit en publicou entre famille et amis. Comme d’habitude, la décision de la Cour a été rendueuniquement dans la langue des plaidoiries.

STOP PRESS:Court of Appealhears republicans

On April 8, as this issue of CMNwas going to press, the Ontario Courtof Appeal heard an appeal from JusticeMorgan’s decision in the case describ -ed above. Both sides had appealed:lawyers for the Federal Governmentargued that no violation to free speechshould have been found, stating thatthe applicants live voluntarily in Can -ada, and that their religious and polit-ical views – even if anti-monarchy –enjoy constitutional protection. eQueen forms the apex of Canada’sconstitutional regime and thus repre-sents the right to dissent. Its factumstates that “Each of the appellants objects to taking the oath because oftheir subjective belief that the Queen,Canada’s constitutional head of state,is a symbol of tyranny, colonial oppres-sion, racial prejudice and similar attrib-utes ... e court below found that theseviews were mistaken and were based ona misinterpretation of the meaning ofthe oath to the Queen.” e appellants’brief repeats their initial argument re-jected by Justice Morgan, that “eoath requirement imposes a coerciveburden on the appellants to expressmeaning and content to which they arefundamentally opposed.”

4 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

e Prince of Wales is one of the world’sforemost social entrepreneurs.

In the UK alone, e Prince’s Charitiesraise over $200 million a year and employ1800 people.

e Prince founded his first charity thePrince’s Trust (now the largest of the UKcharities) in 1976 using his separation payfrom the Royal Navy.

750,000 youth have been helped by ePrince’s Trust since its founding.

The Prince’s Operation Entrepreneur

e Prince’s Operation Entrepreneur isa unique, made-in-Canada program thatprovides transitioning military personnelwith the education, mentorship and finan-cing required to start their own business.

e Prince’s Operation Entrepreneurbuilds on two of e Prince of Wales’s life -long interests:– Support for the Canadian Forces– Encouraging Entrepreneurship– ree “Based-in-Business” entrepreneu-

rial boot camp locations delivered at Me-morial University, e Paul. J. HillSchool of Business at the University ofRegina and a French language site atUniversité Laval

– 70 graduates of “Based-in-Business”since 2012

– More than 145 participants have takenour one-day “Be Your Own Boss” intro-duction to entrepreneurship workshopssince 2013

– Participants come from all ranks, ser-vices and backgrounds. Some of the suc-cessful businesses started through theprogram include: Real Estate, Photogra-phy, Survival School, Bed & Breakfast,Soware Developer, Premium Dog Pro-ducts, Messenger Service, DefenceConsulting, Custom Yarn, EquipmentRental, Author, Bicycle Shop, FishingCharter, Concert Logistics, Gym andAnimal Kennel.

The Prince’s Seeing is Believing

e Prince’s Seeing is Believing is an ex-periential program for senior business lea-ders created by His Royal Highness ePrince of Wales to close the gap betweenthe boardroom and the community.

Outcomes have included:– Creation of an Aboriginal youth hiring

initiative in Toronto that has already ledto 11 substantial job placements

– Development of a professional taskforceto help charities determine social returnon investment

– $100,000 contract for video productionfrom a social enterprise

– Internship and mentorship opportuni-ties developed in all cities visited

– New awards program for socially res-ponsible business developed by the Lon-don Chamber of Commerce

– New business-oriented board membersfor charities supporting at-risk children

The Prince of Wales’Canadian Charities

Les oeuvres debienfaisance duPrince de Gallesau Canada

Une introduction à l’état d’avancementde bonnes oeuvres du Prince du Galles auCanada au moment o˘ nous préparons àaccueillir son Altesse royale et la duchessede Cornouailles en mai pour leur retour aupays.

Le prince de Galles et ses œuvresde bienfaisance

Le prince de Galles est des entrepre-neurs sociaux les plus réputés au monde.

Au Royaume-Uni seulement, les Œu-vres de bienfaisance du prince recueillentplus de 200 millions de dollars par annéeet donnent de l’emploi à 1 800 personnes.

Le prince a fondé sa première œuvre debienfaisance, le Prince’s Trust (maintenantla plus importante organisation caritativeau R.-U.) en 1976 au moyen de l’indemnitéde départ que lui a versé la Marine royale.

Depuis sa création, 750 000 jeunes ontbénéficié de l’aide du Prince’s Trust.

L’Opération Entrepreneur du prince

L’Opération Entrepreneur du prince estun programme unique conçu au Canadaqui vise à outiller les membres sortants desForces canadiennes en leur donnant accèsà la formation, à l’aide financière et à l’en-cadrement dont ils ont besoin pour lancerleur propre entreprise.

L’Opération Entrepreneur du prince re-pose sur deux thèmes chers au prince deGalles :– le soutien aux membres des Forces cana-

diennes– la stimulation de l’esprit d’entreprise– Trois camps d’entraînement « Based-in-

Business » ont été offerts à l’UniversitéMemorial, à la Paul. J. Hill School ofBusiness de l’Université de Regina et àl’Université Laval, où les activités sedéroulaient en français.

– 70 diplômés du programme « Based-in-Business » depuis 2012.

– Plus de 145 participants ont suivinotre atelier d’entrepreneuriat d’un jour« Soyez votre propre patron » depuis2013.

– Les participants, aux parcours variés etprovenant de différents secteurs au seindes Forces, y ont appris les rudiments de

l’entrepreneuriat. Voici quelques exem-ples des types d’entreprises lancées dansle cadre du programme: Immobilier,Photographie, École de survie, Couetteet café (Bed & Breakfast), Développe-ment de logiciel, Produits pour chienshaut de gamme, Service de messagerie,Services de consultations pour laDéfense, Fil personnalisé, Locationd’équipement, Rédaction, Boutique devélos, Forfait pêche, Organisation deconcerts, Salle d’entraînement et Chenil.

Le programme du prince« Le voir, c’est le croire »

Le programme du prince « Le voir, c’estle croire » a été créé par Son Altesse Royalele prince de Galles. Il s’adresse à desdirigeants d’entreprise chevronnés et viseà rapprocher le monde des affaires dumonde communautaire.

Quelques exemples des résultatsobtenus :– Lancement d’une initiative visant à em-

baucher des jeunes Autochtones àToronto; 11 jeunes ont déjà décroché unemploi stimulant gr‚ce à ce projet.

– Formation d’une équipe professionnellepour aider les organismes de bienfai-sance à évaluer le rendement social desinvestissements.

– Contrat de 100 000 $ d’une entreprise so-ciale en vue de produire un vidéo.

– Activités de stages et de mentorat organ-isées dans toutes les villes visitées.

– Nouveau programme de prix remis à desentreprises socialement responsables,mis sur pied par la London Chamber ofCommerce.

– Recours à des membres de conseils d’ad-ministration issus du monde de la ges-tion pour guider les organismes de bien-faisance œuvrant auprès des enfants àrisque.

– Dons en argent, en compétences et ennature pour une campagne visant à créerdes espaces verts destinés aux enfants àrisque.

Depuis 2012, six visites communau-taires dans le cadre du programme duprince « Le voir, c’est le croire » ont été

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Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 5

– Money, talent and in-kind donations fora capital campaign to provide greenspace to at-risk children

ere have been six Prince’s Seeing isBelieving community visit days featuring65 corporate and community leaders since2012:

London, OntarioRegina & Weyburn, SaskatchewanToronto, Ontario (3)Halifax, Nova ScotiaSelect CEOs also participated in the an-

nual Seeing is Believing Royal Report Backin London, UK at St. James’s Palace andhad a private audience with e Prince ofWales at Clarence House to discuss corpo-rate social responsibility in Canada in Ja-nuary 2013.

Learning through the Arts

A program of the Royal Conservatoryof Music in Canada, Learning through theArts (LttA), uses performing artists totrain classroom teachers in the use of arts-

based activities to teach core curriculum;LttA offers lesson plans for all primaryschool academic subjects including mathand science. e Prince is Patron of theRoyal Conservatory.

Prince’s Charities Canada is facilitatingthe export of this renowned Canadianeducational program in order to provideUK primary school children with the op-portunity to benefit. LttA is a prime exam-ple of sharing Canadian best practices wi-thin e Prince’s global network of orga-nizations.

Currently a pilot program is underwayat two “at-risk” schools in London, UKwith plans to expand to additional schoollocations by next year.

The Prince of Wales Prize forMunicipal Heritage Leadership

e Prince of Wales Prize is the onlyCanadian award of its kind, honouringmunicipalities for their commitment toheritage preservation.

The Prince of Wales’ Canadian Charities...

organisées, auxquelles ont pris part 65représentants du monde des affaires etcommunautaire. Elles ont eu lieu à :

London (Ontario)Regina et Weyburn (Saskatchewan)Toronto (Ontario) (3)Halifax (Nouvelle-Écosse)Des chefs d’entreprise triés sur le volet

ont également participé à une séancevisant à dresser le bilan du programme àLondres, au St. James’s Palace, et ont eul’honneur d’avoir une audience privée avecle prince de Galles à Clarence House afinde discuter des enjeux liés à la responsabil-ité sociale des entreprises au Canada, enjanvier 2013.

Apprendre par les arts

Apprendre par les arts (APLA), un pro-gramme du Royal Conservatory of Musicdu Canada, fait appel à des artistes de lascène pour offrir aux enseignants une for-mation sur le recours aux arts pour en-seigner les principales matières du pro-gramme d’études. APLA propose des plansde leçon sur toutes les matières enseignéesau primaire, y compris les sciences et lesmathématiques. Le prince est un mécènedu conservatoire.

Les Œuvres de bienfaisance du princefacilitent la diffusion de ce programme éd-ucatif canadien de renom afin de perme-ttre aux enfants des écoles primaires du R.-U. d’en profiter. APLA illustre bien com-ment les pratiques exemplaires du Canadapeuvent être mises à profit au sein duréseau d’organisations du prince.

Un projet pilote est en cours dans deuxécoles « à risque » de Londres. L’objectifvise à étendre l’initiative à d’autres écolesd’ici l’an prochain.

Le Prix du prince de Galles pourle leadership municipal en matière

de patrimoine

Le Prix du prince de Galles est le seuldu genre au pays. Il a pour but de récom-

penser les municipalités qui s’engagent àpréserver leur patrimoine.

Il est remis tous les ans aux municipal-ités qui ont su protéger leurs lieux his-toriques et qui ont fait preuve d’un dévoue-ment indéfectible à cet égard. Les autoritéslocales doivent s’être dotées de moyenspour soutenir la préservation de leur pat-rimoine, notamment de règlements et depolitiques, d’un financement et de mesuresde gouvernance exemplaires.

Le gagnant du Prix du prince de Gallespour le leadership municipal en matièrede patrimoine de 2013 est : Owen Sound,en Ontario

Les gagnants des années antérieuressont:

Saguenay (Québec)Peterborough (Ontario)Oakville (Ontario)Edmonton (Alberta)Aurora (Ontario)St. John’s (Terre-Neuve)Annapolis Royal (Nouvelle-Écosse)Charlottetown (Î.-P.-É.)Perth (Ontario)Québec (Québec)Saint-Jean (Nouveau-Brunswick)Victoria (C.-B.)Markham (Ontario)

La Fondation du prince pourla construction des

communautés Canada

La Fondation du prince pour la con-struction des communautés a pour but detransformer des vies gr‚ce à la mobilisa-tion, à l’éducation et à la responsabilisationdes citoyens.

Du 13 au 15 mai 2013, la FPCC, en parte-nariat avec les OBPC, a tenu un colloqueprofessionnel à Toronto pour favoriser unéchange sur l’investissement dans un ur-banisme de qualité, tenant compte de lamondialisation et des changements clima-tiques.

Le colloque, s’adressant à des spécial-

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6 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

Les oeuvres de bienfaisance du Prince de Galles au Canada...

Given annually to municipalities thathave demonstrated a strong and sustainedcommitment to the conservation of theirhistoric places. e local government musthave a record of supporting heritage pre-servation through such means as regula-tion, policies, funding and exemplary ste-wardship.

e 2013 winner of e Prince of WalesPrize for Municipal Heritage Leadershipis: Owen Sound, Ontario

Past Winners of the Prize include:Saguenay, QCPeterborough, ONOakville, ONEdmonton, ABAurora, ONSt. John’s, NLAnnapolis Royal, NSCharlottetown, PEPerth, ONQuÈbec City, QCSaint John, NBVictoria, BCMarkham, ON

The Prince’s Foundation forBuilding Community

e Prince’s Foundation for BuildingCommunity focuses on transforming livesthrough engaging, educating and empo-wering people.

From May 13-15, 2013 PFBC in partner-ship with PCC held a professional sympo-sium in Toronto to facilitate a conversationabout investing in quality urbanism in thecontext of global urbanization and climatechange.

Oriented to the land development, des-ign & planning audience, the symposiumintroduced professionals, land developers,government representatives, and civil so-ciety organizations to the sustainable ur-banism ethos of HRH e Prince of Walesand the activities of his Foundation.

The Prince of Wales Award forSustainable Forestry

e prize is presented annually by theCanadian Institute of Forestry to recognizethe achievements of an outstanding young

istes de l’urbanisme etde l’aménagement duterritoire, rassemblaitdes professionnels, desurbanistes, des rep ré -sentants du gouverne-ment et des organismesde la société civile afinde leur présenter lesprincipes d’urbanismedurable que préconiseSon Altesse Royale leprince de Galles et lesactivités de sa fonda-tion.

Le Prix du prince deGalles pour une

gestion durable desforêts

Le Prix est remis chaque année par l’In-stitut forestier du Canada afin de soulignerles réalisations exceptionnelles d’un jeuneprofessionnel de la forêt au Canada.

Le trophée est une sculpture en bois dechêne récupéré des forêts administrées parle duché de Cornouailles.

Jocelin Teron de Campbell River, enC.-B., a remporté le Prix en 2013.

Initiatives autochtones

La Couronne et les Premières nationsont tissé des liens étroits qui remontent àquelques siècles avant la création du Cana-da. Même si Son Altesse Royale a de nom-breuses occasions de travailler avec lescommunautés autochtones du Canada,elle n’hésite jamais à établir des relationsplus personnelles avec ces dernières par letruchement de ses œuvres de bienfaisance.

En voici quelques exemples:– Formation d’un partenariat entre la First

Nations University (FNU) à Regina et laPrince’s School for the Traditional Arts(PSTA) au Royaume-Uni.

– Soutien à une initiative d’emploi au-tochtone mise sur pied par des dirigeants

d’entreprise ayant participé à l’initiativedu prince « Le voir, c’est le croire ».

– Élaboration d’une initiative visant à of-frir des livres pour enfants en langues au-tochtones pour soutenir les efforts con-sacrés à l’alphabétisation.

La Prince’s School of Traditional Arts

Un professeur de la First Nations Uni-versity commencera à enseigner et à étudi-er à la Prince’s School of Traditional Artsà l’automne 2014.

Soutien du Canadaaux travaux de la PSTA

La Prince’s School of Traditional Artscombine l’enseignement des techniques as-sociées aux arts et métiers traditionnels etla transmission des principes sur lesquelsils sont fondés.

Une initiative canadienne, facilitée parles Œuvres de bienfaisance du prince auCanada, soutient le programme d’étudessupérieures de la PSTA, qui porte sur :– les techniques de peinture tradition-

nelles

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Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 7

forest professional in Canada.e award trophy is carved from salva-

ged oak from Duchy of Cornwall managedforests.

Jocelin Teron of Campbell River, BC isthe 2013 award winner.

Aboriginal Initiatives

e Crown and First Nations commu-nities have a close association dating cen-turies before the creation of Canada. WhileHRH has many official opportunities towork with Canada’s Aboriginal communi-ties, he is keen to connect with First Na-tions on a more personal level through hischaritable work.

ese include:– Developing a partnership between First

Nations University (FNU) in Regina andthe Prince’s School for the TraditionalArts (PSTA) in the United Kingdom -Supporting an Aboriginal employmentinitiative developed by CEO participantsof e Prince’s Seeing is Believing

– Developing an initiative to provide chil-dren’s books written in First Nations lan-guages to support literacy efforts

The Prince’s School of Traditional Arts

A First Nations University Professor

will start teaching / studying at e Prince’sSchool of Traditional Arts in the Fall of2014

Canadian Support forthe Work of PSTA

e Prince’s School of Traditional Artscombines the teaching of the practicalskills of traditional arts & cras with anunderstanding of the philosophy inherentwithin them.

A Canadian initiative facilitated byPrince’s Charities Canada supports thepost graduate educational program atPSTA including:– Traditional Painting Techniques– Architectural Cras– Ceramic Ornament and Surface Design– Traditional Geometry– Contextual Studies

Partnership Between PSTA andFirst Nations University

Following His Royal Highness’ visit toFirst Nations University in 2012, discus-sions began between the school’s faculty ofart and PSTA. A partnership between thetwo schools was developed to providePSTA with a unique and valuable op -portunity to learn from Canada’s Aborigi-nal artisitic traditions while giving FNU faculty and students access to PSTA’sunique approach to teaching traditionalart and the philosophy behind it.

PSTA and FNU have since signed a me-morandum of understanding that will seereciprocal faculty and student exchangesstarting in the Fall of 2014.

Duchy Originals

Launched in 1990 by e Prince ofWales, Duchy Originals was one of the firstmajor all-organic food brands. Oen usingproduce grown on the royal estates inclu-ding e Duchy Homefarm at Highgrove,Duchy products follow a charter that en-sures every product: – Is good – Is produ-ced in the right way– Does good – Supports communities and

charities– Tastes good – Is produced with the finest

ingredientsEvery Duchy Product sold in Canada

benefits the Canadian charitable work ofe Prince of Wales.

For more information on where to findDuchy Originals products near you visit:www.dovetalecollections.com/products/brands/duchy-originals

Public Sector Outreach

As the official Canadian charitable of-fice for HRH e Prince of Wales, Prince’sCharities Canada regularly meets withvice-regal representatives, politicians of all

parties and government officials to keepthem informed about the Prince’s Cana-dian charitable initiatives.

Public figures oen join business lea-ders on our Prince’s Seeing is Believingcommunity visit days, speak at Prince’sOperation Entrepreneur boot camps orotherwise get involved in our different ini-tiatives.

Special Events 2013

roughout the year Prince’s CharitiesCanada takes part in and hosts specialevents to promote our initiatives, re -cognize our donors, bring our partners together and raise awareness about thecharitable work of HRH e Prince ofWales in Canada.– Delegation of Canadian CEOs to

London to take part in the Prince’sSeeing is Believing Royal Report Back atSt. James’s Palace

– Reception for Parliamentarians hostedby the Speaker of the House of Com-mons in his Centre Block Chambers

– Presentation to the annual Chiefs of Protocol Conference

– ‘Leadership in the 21st Century: DarkTimes Ahead’, a discussion featuring General (ret’d) Rick Hillier and otherspecial guests at Canadian Forces Col-lege in Toronto

– Annual Prince’s Charities Canada Holi-day Party.

– les arts architecturaux– la céramique décorative et l’ornementa-

tion de surfaces– la géométrie traditionnelle– les études contextuelles

Partenariat entre la PSTA et laFirst Nations University

Les représentants de la faculté des artsde l’université et de l’école ont entrepris desdiscussions à la suite de la visite de SonAltesse Royale en 2012. Un partenariatentre les deux écoles a été formé afin d’of-frir à la PSTA une occasion unique et pré-cieuse de découvrir les traditions artis-tiques des Autochtones du Canada, tout enoffrant au personnel et aux étudiants de laFNU la possibilité de se familiariser avecl’approche pédagogique de la PSTA et saphilosophie.

La PSTA et la FNU ont depuis signé unprotocole d’entente qui encadrera les échangesd’étudiants à partir de l’automne 2014.

Duchy OriginalsLancée en 1990 par le prince de Galles,

Duchy Originals est l’une des premièresmarques d’aliments entièrement bi-ologiques. Les produits employés sont sou-vent récoltés sur les domaines royaux, no-tamment à la ferme Duchy Homefarm deHighgrove, et respectent une charte quiveille à ce que chaque produit :– soit sain – confectionné à partir de

procédés sains– soit bénéfique – appuie les commu-

nautés et organismes de bienfaisance– soit délicieux – créé à partir des meilleurs

ingrédients.Les profits découlant de la vente des

produits Duchy Originals au Canada sontremis aux œuvres de bienfaisance duprince de Galles.

Pour trouver les produits Duchy Orig-inals près de chez vous, visitez: www.dovetalecollections.com/products/brands/duchy-originals

Secteur public

Le personnel des Œuvres de bien -faisance du prince, l’organisme officiel desœuvres caritatives de Son Altesse Royalele prince de Galles au Canada, rencontrerégulièrement des représentants de la royauté, des politiciens de tous les partiset des fonctionnaires afin de les tenir in-formés des initiatives des Œuvres de bien-faisance du prince.

Des personnalités publiques se joignentsouvent aux chefs d’entreprise lors des vis-ites communautaires « Le voir, c’est lecroire ». Ils sont souvent invités à pronon-cer des allocutions dans le cadre des campsd’entraînement Opération Entrepreneurdu prince ou à participer à nos différentesinitiatives.

Événements spéciaux en 2013

Tout au long de l’année, les représen-tants des Œuvres de bienfaisance duprince participent à divers événements, oules animent, afin de promouvoir ses initia-tives, de remercier ses donateurs, de réunirdes partenaires et de faire connaître lesœuvres caritatives de Son Altesse Royalele prince de Galles au Canada.– Délégation de chefs d’entreprise canadi-

ens à Londres pour participer à la séancevisant à dresser le bilan du programme« Le voir, c’est le croire » à St. James’sPalace.

– Réception pour les parlementaires or-ganisée par le Président de la Chambredes communes, dans ses quartiers del’édifice du Centre.

– Présentation de la conférence annuelledes chefs du protocole.

– « Leadership in the 21st Century: DarkTimes Ahead », une discussion mettantà l’honneur le général (à la retraite) RickHillier et d’autres invités spéciaux auCollège des Forces canadiennes.

– Soirée annuelle des Fêtes des Œuvres debienfaisance du prince au Canada.

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The Prince of Wales’ Canadian Charities...

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8 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

e Crown and Canadian Federalismby D. Michael JacksonDundurn Press, 2013Available via CMN’s Sales – see back page

review by Aldin

Michael Jackson liv -ed through an un-equalled tranche ofpractical experiencein the complicatedrealpolitik world ofCanada’s oen-vexa-tious federal-provin-cial relationships.

Serving as Chief of Protocol ofSaskatchewan for decades, his influencewas wide and knowledge of the CanadianCrown deep; but many in Ottawa dis-agreed with his views and resented his sta-tus as an outspoken national authority andfearless bureaucratic warrior in respect ofthe Crown, Honours and a variety of alliedmatters. Both his extensive knowledge anddifferences with Ottawa emerge clearlyfrom this seminal work.

It is not surprising, then, that his takeon the Maple Monarchy is clearly spelledout in the first paragraph of the Preface tohis book: “...the Canadian Crown belongsto the provinces too and is an integral partof their constitutional existence.” e needfor a work on the Crown written from theprovincial point of view is justifiable onmany grounds, of which only one is thatto this day the first half of his seemingly-obvious assertion remains quite sufficientto set hackles stiffening in the corridors ofmany federal officials along the Rideau.

Jackson begins his work with a series ofgood history lessons about the plantingand inculturation of the colonial and thengradually more-national Crown, provid-ing both useful information (Macdonald’sdesire to have Canada named a kingdompresided over by a Viceroy) and vignettessuch as the origin of the term “Canadian”for both major linguistic groups: it was firstso applied in 1792 by Edward, fourth sonof George III – “Let me hear no more of theodious distraction of English and French.You are all his Britannick [sic] Majesty’sbeloved Canadian subjects.” Jackson showshow the First Nations were key players inclarifying the distinction between Crown(to which subjects owe a duty of loyal sup-port) and its Ministers (with whom we canquarrel!); and much later in Lord Den-ning’s JCPC ruling of the settled divisibilityof the Crown, wherein he declared that itwas the Canadian, not the British Crown,that had inherited responsibility for theTreaties concluded with First Nationsprior to Confederation.

Moving next to consider Crown, Par-liamentary Democracy and Royal Author-ity, the author suggests that it is the RoyalPrerogative, as exercised by the politicalexecutive, that is key to understanding“what makes Canada tick.” But it is not tobe confused with the reserve powers of theCrown, the mere existence of which are all

the stronger in that they are hardly everused. Jackson makes some interestingcomments on recent dissolution situationsfaced by Mmes Clarkson and Jean. And re-minds us of the “dubious” resolution ofParliament dictating that a Prorogation ofmore than seven days would require theCommons’ assent – which seems as ultravires and legally inconsequential as theNickle Resolution, but every bit as capableof making mischief in some unforeseen fu-ture!

In discussing the evolution of theProvincial Crown “from subordinate to co-ordinate” Jackson points out somethingoen forgotten: that the rulings of theJCPC were not the sole heroes/villains ofthe process. Canada became far more de-centralized that many of the Fathers ofConfederation might have intended dueto the quest for responsible government,notably embodied in many sections of theQuebec Resolutions, the common law her-itage of three of the uniting colonies andthe placing of property and civil rights inthe – unusually – enumerated provincialpowers of the BNA Act. Of interest, too, ishis observation that major national socialprograms stemmed from federalism: theywere first tempered in the intensely localand reasonably flexible fulcrum of provin-cial politics before they came about a briefgeneration later to Ottawa.

One of Jackson’s Saskatchewan-cen-tered “case studies” emerges in Chapter IV,which focuses on the office of LieutenantGovernor. is particular focus tran-scends being merely provincial given hisintimate knowledge of what went on be-hind the scenes, and it is happily bolsteredby the author’s research and broad connec-tions so that the book contains no less ab-sorbing tittle-tattle, and many significantexamples, from the other nine provinces.National, too, is the scope of his consider-ation of the breadth of vice-regal appoint-ments over the last several decades of “re-vival” – and of the insightful reminder thatnot always do those asked to serve acceptthe Prime Minister’s invitation – a situa-tion, one hears, that led Mr Harper toavoid making calls to more candidates forthe thankless position of Lieutenant Gov-ernor of Quebec once he had been turneddown several times! e fortunes of vari-ous Government Houses are also treatedin this part of the book, probably one of itsmost interesting chapters as Jackson hadfirst-hand knowledge of so many of theplayers and personalities: a rich cast in-deed.

More compelling information not gen-erally remembered now, nor little revealedat the time, is provided in the seemingly-coterminous Chapter V on the contempo-rary Provincial Crown. Fascinating anec-dotes illuminate the state of play betweenCrown and politicians – of BC’s Lieutenant

Governor David Lam’s adroitly manoeu-vering out of office a discredited Premier(Jackson does not mention that he possiblyearned himself the Royal Victorian Orderin the process). en he treats the much-vexed issue of Special Warrants (the lovelystory of the Alberta snow-ploughing con-tract is curiously omitted) as well as ofvice-regal infelicities in speech (a famous-ly-outspoken Manitoba LG might wellhave been included). is is the stuff inwhich sentimental, Hello-reading mon -archists will revel, but each instance provesconsequential in building up a picture ofthe day-to- day realities behind the quo-tidian workings of the Provincial Crown.

e same chapter moves on to considerProvincial Honours, in the rapid develop-ment and ultimate acceptance of which byOttawa the author was intimately involved,and the development of the vice- regal of-fice to move from a largely-constitutionaland ceremonial role to one concentratingon issues of civil society. It is perhaps to beregretted that in rehearsing with enthusi-asm the many admirably-conceived initia-tives on the part of recent Lieutenant Gov-ernors who almost invariably seek “tomake a difference” in several areas of com-munity concern, Jackson does not con-front the potential danger: that in adopting“causes” there is always a possibility that avice-regal can run close to the line of po-litical involvement and as well, be subjectto the perception that he is focused on oneor two issues to the detriment of the widergeneral outreach and communicating witha broad swath of the populace at large.

Jackson ends his focus on the contem-porary Provincial Crown by making sug-gestions for both informal and constitu-tional changes in the vice-regal position.ese range from important ones, such asthe provision of competent staffing, to themore trivial – according the LieutenantGovernors the title of “Your Excellency”indicating their direct representation of theSovereign. Jackson surprisingly skates onthin ice in justifying the latter partly on thebasis that the term “Excellence” is alreadyin common informal use in the Provinceof Quebec – but as a professional translatorhe should perhaps consider the difficultyin shades of meaning and the dangers ofaural similarity confused as carrying iden-tical meaning, a situation which will be fa-miliar to any Anglophone on first beingconfronted with “Je demande” – which infact is as gentle a request as could be!

Chapter VI poses the provocative ques-tion – whether Canada is a federal monar-chy or a federal republic? It begins by re-tracing a time of declining fortunes for theMaple Crown with an indifferent govern-ment, hostile Cabinet Ministers such as

Mitchell Sharp, and governors general –Leger, Sauvé – who were indifferent oreven opposed to the monarchy. Later, it re-turns to a dismal catalogue of republican-ism within Rideau Hall – a situation notyet disappeared despite the explicit loyaltyof Mr Johnston, the best Governor Gen-eral since M. Vanier. Jackson rather de-lightfully provides an indication of the seachange by providing photographs of thecertificates accompanying the award of Ju-bilee Medals in 2002 and 2012. at of 2002includes a reference to the 50th Anniver-sary of “Canadian Governors Gen eral” –with its accompanying nasty implicit sug-gestion that somehow – to name but a few– Buchan and Stanley were not authenticCanadians. at of 2012 focuses properlyand singularly on e Queen’s DiamondJubilee. Mr Johnston signed every one ofthese by hand. Jackson also shows how the1947 Letters Patent constituting the Officeof Governor General has been deliberatelymisconstrued in an attempt to justify lim-iting the Sovereign’s exercise of her powersin Canada rather than simply permittingthe Governor General to fulfill most ofthem as convenient. He also takes a well-deserved and clearly-explained swipe atthe now-discredited McWhinney propos-al that Canada could abolish the Monarchysimply by failing to proclaim Charles asKing on the death of Elizabeth.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, thisfinal chapter’s most interesting section fo-cuses on the meaning of the term “head ofstate,” and of the monarch’s (and thus herrepresentatives) assuming a second, moreinformal – one might even call it grand-motherly or parental and avuncular – roleas “head of the nation” which Jackson en-dorses. Sir Anthony Jay describes this evo-lutionary moniker as “one with a muchmore personal dimension...concerned withbehaviour, values and standards, the oneswhich earn the respect, loyalty and pride ofthe people.” is seems the sort of intuitive,welcoming and humane monarchy, and

The Provincial Crown: focus of importantnew book by Michael Jackson, CVO

Michael Jackson, CVO

Prince Edward 1792 – sought reconciliation,dubbed French and English as “Canadians”

2002 Jubilee Medal certificate, above, added in-felicitous GG reference. e 2012 certificate,below, each one of 60,000 signed by the hand ofthe Governor General, focused on e Queen

David Lam – BCLieutenant Governor

adroitly smoothedpath for Premier to

resign, avoiding con-stitutional crisis

Lord Denning ruledCanada inheritedBritish obligations

to First Nations

Letters Patent of 1947permitted flexibility,

did not bar Sovereignfrom exercising

Canadian powers

Ed McWhinney –“don’t proclaimso the monarchdoesn’t reign”

theory discredited

continued on page 9

On December 11, 2013, the Governmentof Canada recognized seven lawyers in thefederal public service as Queen’s Counsel(QC). Formally styled “Her Majesty’sCounsel learned in the law,” the federal QChonours lawyers who demonstrate exem-plary service to the Canadian justice sys-tem.

e individuals receiving this honour,also known as “taking silk”, are membersof the federal public service who havedemonstrated great skill in oral and writ-ten advocacy, acuity and learning in legalpolicy development, and wise counsel inservice to the Canadian Crown.

e QCs were appropriately conferredon the anniversary of the coming intoforce of the Statute of Westminster whichtook place on December 11, 1931. eStatute of Westminster was ratified by theBritish Parliament and granted the Do-minions greater legal and foreign policyautonomy.

“It is fitting that the honour of Queen’sCounsel is being bestowed on the anniver-sary of the signing of the Statute of West-minsterandat the end ohe diamond ju-bilee anniversary of Queen Elizabeth’scoronation,” said Peter MacKay, P.C. Q.C.,Minister of Justice and Attorney Generalof Canada. “e people receiving this des-ignation today have conducted themselvesin the finest traditions of the legal profes-sion, and the Government is pleased torecognize their exemplary service withinthe public service.”

e individuals were designated as fed-eral QCs by the Governor-in-Council,upon recommendation of the Minister ofJustice with the assistance of a Departmentof Justice advisory committee chaired bythe Deputy Minister of Justice. Individualswere identified and considered accordingto a number of factors, including thelength of service as members in goodstanding of provincial bar associations,their contributions to the development ofthe law, and leadership in their profession-al and personal lives which has raised es-teem for the legal profession.

• • •Le gouvernement du Canada reconnaît

le 11 décembre sept avocats de la fonctionpublique en leur conférant le titre deconseiller de la reine (c.r.). Auparavant ap-pelé « conseiller de Sa Majesté en loi », letitre fédéral de c.r. rend hommage à desavocats qui offrent des services exem-plaires au systËme de justice canadien.

Le titre de conseiller de la reine estconféré à des avocats du secteur public fé-déral qui font montre d’une grande com-pétence en plaidoirie orale et écrite,d’acuité et de distinction dans l’élaborationdes politiques juridiques, et de sagessedans les conseils qu’ils prodiguent à laCouronne canadienne.

Le titre de c.r. est décerné à l’occasionde l’anniversaire de la signature du Statutde Westminster qui a eu lieu le 11 décembre1931. Le Statut de Westminster, qui a été ra-tifié par le Parlement britannique, aconféré aux membres du Commonwealthune plus grande autonomie en matière dedroit et de politique étrangère.

« Il est approprié que l’honneur d’êtrenommé conseiller de la reine soit conféréà l’occasion de l’anniversaire de la signaturedu Statut de Westminster et à la fin de l’an-née du jubilé du soixantième anniversairedu couronnement de la reine Elizabeth, adéclaré Peter MacKay, C.P., c.r., ministrede la Justice et procureur général du Ca-nada. Les personnes qui reçoivent ce titreaujourd’hui se montrent dignes des pluspures traditions de la profession juridique,et le gouvernement est heureux de recon-naître leur service exemplaire dans la fonc-tion publique. »

Ces personnes ont été nommées con -seillers de la reine fédéraux par le gouver-neur en conseil, sur avis conforme du mi-nistre de la Justice aidé d’un comité consul-tatif du ministère de la Justice présidé parle sous-ministre de la Justice. Elles ont étéchoisies et prises en considération selonun certain nombre de facteurs, dont leursétats de service comme membres en règled’un barreau provincial, leurs contribu-tions à l’égard de l’élaboration du droit, etle leadership dont elles font preuve dansleur vie professionnelle et personnelle etqui rehausse l’estime dont jouit la profes-sion juridique.

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 9

EDITORIAL COMMENTWILL YE NO COME BACK AGAIN?We love Prince Harry. And why not? ere were some patchy times in late

adolescence, ill judgments and late hours. But he has emerged as the grinning facewho is thoroughly devoted to supporting his elder brother, a warrior who expe-rienced real danger, a humanist who cares deeply for the complex and challengingissues confronting the African people, a loyal friend who put paid to the bullyingof one of his Army mates, a tough egg who slogged to the South Pole on a charitytrek but made sure the focus was on the wounded warriors alongside him. “Antarc-tica jumped up and bit me on the ass,” the Prince admitted in a tv interview. Notthe language we normally associate with royalty, but all the more real for it. As acockney cab driver would say, “he’s a bit of all right.”

As the spare for the heir in a Royal Family which will slightly shrink unless thePrince of Wales down the road enlists the help of some cousins and nephews andnieces in performing the ever- growing demand for Royal duties, Harry is an es-sential part of the human fabric which binds all of us to the Crown. He is someone

all of us can identify with in their own way. Yet, we never see him in Canada –the brief stop in Whistler as a boy and few merry moments with barmaids duringBritish Army training exercises near Medicine Hat not really germane. Essentialbonding with Canada inexcusably, did not happen during either William or Harry’sgap years. He is able to journey to the US to raise money for worthy causes. Spendmany hours in Africa promoting Sentebale, his charity and his passion. Visit theAntipodes. But despite what we understand have been concerted efforts by theGovernment of Canada, we have yet to welcome the Prince here in his own right,and make him – and us – feel he is one of us in a way that William and Catharinedid – and must keep doing – with frequent returns to this large and thinly-loyalRealm.

A member of the Royal Family known for her outspoken and usually spot-oncandour once remarked in our hearing that what we call Royal Homecomings aregood and encouraging medicine for the Canadian Crown – but like an antibioticthat seems to have dulled the toothache, is not completely ingested and so the in-fection returns. Republicanism is a bit on the run in Canada. But we won’t alwayshave Jubilees and Prince George births and a pro-monarchy government. We needHarry as part of our Royal Family. Good medicine, as our First Nations friendsmight say. A good bloke. A good friend. A frequent homecomer. en see howwe’d embrace him in our national family. How about it, Harry?

Harry showed himself a brave warrior in Afghan istan. Why MIA in Canada?

vice-royalty, with which most Canadianseasily identify and which demands no po-litical science degree to grasp.

Michael Jackson has written a work ofsignificance, reflecting extensive researchinto his subject, a broad knowledge of theCanadian Crown and a lifetime of pro-found professional and personal devotionto Queen, nation and his beloved Saskat -

che wan. It is eminently readable as it com-bines scholarship with insight and “goodtales” about the human foibles that oenhave strengthened, sometimes weakenedthe institution. In an optimistic conclu-sion, he reflects that “e Crown focusesour gaze on who we are and whence wecome, on what values we hold dear and onhow we will pursue our future.” Well said –and well done!

BE SURE YOU RECEIVE OUR COMMUNICATIONS

Important Notice for CMN readers& Monarchist League members

Members receive regular e-mail from Dominion Headquarters.ese include action alerts, event invitations, renewal reminders,

requests for your feedback and assistance, news of interest.To prevent these emails from ending up in your “junk” folder please addour two mailing addresses to your “safe sender” or “trusted sender” list.Any young person or computer buff can show you how – it is the work

of a few seconds.If you use a company or corporate email, speak to your IT contact or department.

domsec@bellnet.ca domsec@sympatico.caVice-regal invite went astray? League member’s dues you failed to pay?Action alert went unheeded? Royal itinerary not to hand when needed?

From your day strike such frustrations: Be sure to receive League e-communications!Add our two addresses to your trusted list, so be by electronic cherubs kissed!

At a Reception for Monarchist League Members held at the Vice-Regal Suite on March 12, OntarioLieutenant Governor David Onley. Patron, presents Anthony Hylton, Chief of Staff and Private Sec-retary to His Honour, with a Honorary Life Membership certificate in the League. Anthony has men-tored all the League’s interns during the last 16 summers, and been the indispensable friend and bridgebetween the Vice-Regal office and the League. John Gross, Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario

Feds award QC’s on Statute of Westminster DayLe gouvernement fédéral conféretitres de conseiller de la reine

continued from page 8

10 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

British subjects who had already been res-ident in Canada for 5 years and were‘grandfathered’ as automatic Canadian cit-izens), when Canadian citizenship wasfirst introduced in the 1947 Act. irtyyears later, the oath was once again recon-firmed in the revisions brought about bythe Citizenship Act, SC 1974-75-76, c 108.It is this version of the Act that containsthe oath of citizenship in its current form.[16] As for the Queen’s stature as head ofstate, the ancient common law recognizedthe monarch as the repository of Englishsovereignty prior to the Norman conquest.e courts elaborated on and confirmedmonarchial authority in the late middleages in response to a series of questionsposed to them by Richard II. See StanleyBertram Chrimes, “Richard II’s questionsto the judges 1387”, 72 Law Q Rev 365–90(1956). is took into account the limitson royal powers imposed by Magna Carta,1215, which was itself followed by the grad-ual emergence of habeas corpus and otherrelevant enactments and common law re-straints on royal power. See 9 W. Holds -worth, A History of English Law 112 (1926).With all of this, the courts neverthelessconfirmed in Godden v Hales (1686), 2Shower 475 (KB) that the Crown sits at thesovereign apex of the legal and politicalsystem.[17] e monarch as head of state was fur-ther entrenched by the Act of Settlement,1701, 12 & 13 Will III, c 2, which set out therules for succession to the Crown of theUnited Kingdom (Great Britain and Scot-land). is conception of sovereignty andexecutive authority was inherited by Cana-da in the Constitution Act, 1867, 30& 31 V,c 3, section 9, which provides that, “[t]heExecutive Government and Authority ofand over Canada is hereby declared to con-tinue and be vested in the Queen”. e roleof Her Majesty as sovereign has also beenreinforced in section 41(a) of the Consti-tution Act, 1982, which requires unanimityof the federal and all provincial legislaturesin order to enact any amendment to theconstitutional status of “the office of theQueen, the Governor General and the Lieu-tenant Governor of a province”.[18] Of course, sovereign powers in theAnglo-Canadian tradition reside not inthe executive alone but in the legislatureas well, as reflected in William Blackstone’sarticulation of the “king-in-parliament”.Sovereignty, according to this view, vests“in the king’s majesty, sitting there in hisroyal political capacity, and the three estatesof the realm; the lords spiritual, the lordstemporal... and the commons”. W. Black-stone, I Commentaries 149. Again, this con-ception of executive and legislative sover-eign authority was inherited by Canada inits founding constitution. Section 17 of theConstitution Act, 1867 provides that,“[t]here shall be One Parliament for Cana-da, consisting of the Queen, or Upper Housestyled the Senate, and the House of Com-mons.”[19] Actual royal power, certainly, has“gradually relocated from the Monarch inperson to the Monarch’s advisors or minis-ters”. Black v Canada (Prime Minister) 2001CanLII 8537 (ON CA), (2001), 199 DLR(4th) 228, at para 32 (Ont CA). Neverthe-less, the Queen retains authority over “theprerogative of mercy, the grant of honours,the dissolution of Parliament and the ap-pointment of ministers” and other matterscommensurate with her stature as nationalsovereign, Council of Civil Service Unionsv. Minister for the Civil Service, [1985] 1 AC

374, 418 (HL), even if most of the prerog-ative powers are today exercised on adviseof the Prime Minister and subject to theCharter. Canada (Prime Minister) v Khadr,2010 SCC 3 (CanLII), [2010] 1 SCR 44, atpara 36.[20] e preamble to the Statute of West-minster, 1931, 22 Geo V, c 4 (UK) identifiesCanada as one of “His Majesty’s Govern-ments”. Likewise, the recently enacted Suc-cession to the rone Act, 2013, SC 2013, c6 describes Canada as one of “the Realmsof which Her Majesty is Sovereign”. InCanada’s system of constitutional mon -archy, the sovereign, like all institutions ofstate, exercises power within constitution-al limitations. But there is no doubt thatHer Majesty the Queen is Queen of Canada, the embodiment of the Crown inCanada, and the head of state. RoyalTitle and Styles Act, RSC 1985, c R-12, sec-tion 2.

III. Freedom of Expression

[21] As the Supreme Court of Canadapoint ed out in one of its earliest judgmentsunder section 2(b) of the Charter, “[t]hecontent of expression can be conveyedthrough an infinite variety of forms of ex-pression: for example, the written or spokenword, the arts, and even physical gesturesor acts.” Irwin Toy Ltd. v Québec (AttorneyGeneral), 1989 CanLII 87 (SCC), [1989] 1SCR 927, at para 43. Certain behaviourssuch as a labour strike, Reference Re PublicService Employee Relations Act (Alta.), 1987CanLII 88 (SCC), [1987] 1 SCR 313, acts ofcriminal violence, RWDSU v Dolphin De-livery Ltd., 1986 CanLII 5 (SCC), [1986] 2SCR 573, at 588, and the display of com-mercial wares, R v Sharma reflex, (1991),77 DLR (4th) 334, at para 19 (Ont CA),have been specifically excluded from theambit of the constitutional right; other -wise, “s. 2(b) of the Charter embraces allcontent of expression irrespective of theparticular meaning or message sought tobe conveyed.” R v Keegstra, 1990 CanLII 24(SCC), [1990] 3 SCR 697.[22] Accordingly, “if the activity conveysor attempts to convey a meaning, it has ex-pressive content and prima facie falls with-in the scope of the guarantee”. Irwin Toy,supra, at p. 969. Protected speech thereforeincludes not only the spoken word but thechoice of language, Ford v Québec (Attor-ney General), 1988 CanLII 19 (SCC), [1988]2 SCR 712, and the right to receive or hearexpressive content as much as the right tocreate it. Little Sisters Book and Art Empo-rium v. Canada (Minister of Justice), 2000SCC 69 (CanLII), [2000] 2 SCR 1120. Sec-tion 2(b) also guarantees the right to pos-sess expressive material regardless of howrepugnant it may be to others or to societyat large. R v Sharpe, 2001 SCC 2 (CanLII),[2001] 1 SCR 45.[23] Most significantly, “[f]reedom of ex-pression encompasses the right not to ex-press views.” Rosen v Ontario (AttorneyGeneral) 1996 CanLII 443 (ON CA),(1996), 131 DLR (4th) 708, at para 16 (OntCA) [emphasis added]. As explained byLamer J. (as he then was) in Slaight Com-munications Inc. v Davidson, 1989 CanLII92 (SCC), [1989] 1 SCR 1038, at para 95,“[t]here is no denying that freedom of ex-pression necessarily entails the right to saynothing or the right not to say certainthings. Silence is in itself a form of expres-sion which in some circumstances can ex-press something more clearly than wordscould do.” A statutory requirement whoseeffect is “to put a particular message intothe mouth of the plaintiff” would run afoul

of section 2(b) of the Charter. Lavigne vOntario Public Service Employees Union,1991 CanLII 68 (SCC), [1991] 2 SCR 211, at267.[24] Indeed, the right not to express thegovernment’s preferred point of view ex-tends to those who oppose socially positivemessages such as health warnings, RJR Mc-Donald Inc. v Canada (Attorney General),1995 CanLII 64 (SCC), [1995] 3 SCR 199,at para 124, and includes even the right torefrain from expressing objective, uncon-tested facts. Slaight Communications,supra, at para 95. As Chief Justice Lamerexplained in Committee for the Common-wealth of Canada v Canada, 1991 CanLII119 (SCC), [1991] 1 SCR 139, at para 18, in-dividuals are not only protected from hav-ing to articulate a message with which theydisagree, but are also guaranteed the cor-relative right not to have to listen to sucha message.[25] e Applicants submit that imposingon them, as a condition of citizenship, arequirement to swear an oath with whichthey do not agree curtails their expressionin the very way that the courts have said itmay not be curtailed. As Cullity J. pointedout in Roach v AG Canada, supra, at para22 quoted above, the burden that the oathplaces on their speech, or their desire notto speak the words prescribed in the Act,is a rather steep one. In a celebratory state-ment issued in 2011, the then Minister ofImmigration and Citizenship reconfirmedthe weight of that burden, declaring that“[f]ew things in this world are more pre-cious to us than our Canadian citizenship.”Statement – Minister Kenney celebrates Cit-izenship Week, Citizenship and Immigra-tion Canada, October 17, 2011, http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/department/media/ statements/2011/ 2011-10-17.asp.[26] Despite the Respondent’s surprisingargument to the contrary in its factum, theinability to become a citizen is not the kindof “state-imposed cost or burden [thatis]...not prohibited [because]...the burdenis trivial or insubstantial.” R v EdwardsBooks and Art Ltd., 1986 CanLII 12 (SCC),[1986] 2 SCR 713, at para 97. e fact thatthe Applicants can remain in the countryas permanent residents does not devaluethe benefit that they are unable to accesswithout speaking words they do not wishto speak. Iacobucci J. put as high a price aspossible on it in Benner v Canada (Sec -retary of State), 1997 CanLII 376 (SCC),[1997] 1 SCR 358 at para 68: “I cannotimagine an interest more fundamental tofull membership in Canadian society thanCanadian citizenship.” e burden on theApplicants’ speech – putting citizenshipout of their grasp – is real and substantial.[27] e Respondent contends that theApplicants’ Charter claim in effect seeks a“positive right” rather than a “negativeright”, and that section 2(b) guaranteesonly the latter form of right. Quoting theSupreme Court of Canada in Baier v Al-berta, 2007 SCC 31 (CanLII), [2007] 2 SCR673, at para 41, the Respondent submitsthat here “what is sought is ‘positive gov-ernment legislation or action as opposedto freedom from government restrictionson activity in which people could other-wise freely engage...’”[28] It is literally correct to say, as the Re-spondent does in its factum, that “the sta-tus of citizenship is not an ‘activity’ inwhich [the Applicants] could otherwisefreely engage without government enable-ment”. at, however, does not mean thatthe burden imposed on their expression isnot a coercive one.

[29] L’Heureux-Dubé J. pointed out inHaig v Canada (Chief Electoral Officer),1993 CanLII 58 (SCC), [1993] 2 SCR 995,at para 79, that “[t]he distinctions be-tween...positive and negative entitlements,are not always clearly made, nor are theyalways helpful.” at observation certainlydescribes the arguments made here.[30] On one hand, the Respondent is rightthat the Applicants’ Charter challengestrives to attain a legislative change per-mitting them to access a government-created “platform” – the hallmark of an un-protected “positive right”. Baier, supra, atpara 36. On the other hand, the Applicants’challenge strives to avoid being coercedinto words of fidelity to the Queen – the“platform” of citizenship is not the goal oftheir speech/ silence but rather representsthe club or carrot which the governmentholds out to them....[32] While the positive/negative questioncan thus be looked at in two ways – i.e. either as an access-to-platform claim or adenial-of-benefit claim – the courts havealready determined that citizenship crite-ria are subject to Charter scrutiny. It doesnot matter that there is no constitutionalright to citizenship per se. See Lavoie v.Canada, 1999 CanLII 9351 (FCA), [2000]1 FC 3, at para 11 (Fed CA); aff ’d 2002 SCC23 (CanLII), [2002] 1 SCR 769. Charterchallenges to citizenship criteria or to thecitizenship application process do not seekcitizenship, they seek an end to a burdenimposed on a recognized Charter right.Citizenship cannot, in effect, be a prize thatthe Act rewards to applicants who give upa right such as freedom of expression thatexists outside of the citizenship process.[33] It is as much of a Charter violation tocompel speech by denying a statutory ben-efit as it is to censor speech by imposing astatutory punishment; the former “posi-tive”-looking right is really just the flip sideof the latter “negative”-looking right. Aperson who cannot access the benefit ofcitizenship as a consequence of a rights-infringing provision in the Act deserves aconstitutional remedy unless the im-pugned provision is saved by section 1.Augier v Canada (Minister of Citizenshipand Immigration), [2004] FC 613, at para25 (Fed TD).[34] Accordingly, the guarantee of free-dom of expression contained in section2(b) of the Charter is prima facie infringedby the statutory requirement that the Ap-plicants recite an oath to the Queen inorder to acquire citizenship. e oath ofcitizenship is a form of compelled speechthat is only permissible if it can be shownto be a reasonable limit on the right of ex-pression within the meaning of section 1of the Charter.

IV. The citizenship oath as areasonable limit on expression

[35] Since the Applicants have establishedthat the Act’s requirement of an oath to theQueen is a prima facie breach of section2(b) of the Charter, it is for the Respondentto show that it the oath is, in the words ofsection 1, demonstrably justifiable in a freeand democratic society. Needless to say,the proof at this stage of the analysis neednot be definitive; indeed, it probably couldnot be in the usual courtroom sense of theword “proof ”. e Supreme Court ofCanada has acknowledged that, ““[d]eci-sions on such matters must inevitably bethe product of a mix of conjecture, frag-mentary knowledge, general experienceand knowledge of the needs, aspirations

OATH CHALLENGE...

continued from page 3

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 11

and resources of society”. Mc Kinney vUniversity of Guelph, 1990 CanLII 60(SCC), [1990] 3 SCR 229, at 301.[36] Nevertheless, the court is mandatedunder section 1 to investigate the justifica-tions for a Charter breach. e present casedoes not, of course, involve criminal jus-tice or entail the potential incarceration ofany person, but rather represents a choicemade by Parliament in fashioning theprocess of citizenship acquisition. It there-fore need not, and probably could not, be“tuned with great precision in order to with-stand judicial scrutiny”. R v Edwards Books& Art Ltd., 1986 CanLII 12 (SCC), [1986]2 SCR 713, at 776. e Respondent must,however, provide what McLaghlin CJC hascalled a “reasoned demonstration” that thebreach is a justifiable one. RJR MacDonald,supra, at para 129.[37] In order to establish a section 1 justi-fication, the Respondent must first estab-lish that there is a sufficiently importantobjective sought to be accomplished by themeasure in issue – i.e. the oath. Referencere sections 193 & 195.1(1)(c) of the CriminalCode (Canada) (Prostitution Reference),1990 CanLII 105 (SCC), [1990] 1 SCR 1123,at para 90. It must then demonstrate thatthis measure is designed to achieve its ob-jective, and is not based on arbitrary, un-fair, or irrational considerations. Follow-ing that, the Respondent must show that,even if rationally connected to its objec-tive, the oath impairs “as little as possible”the Applicants’ right or freedom. R v BigM Drug Mart Ltd., 1985 CanLII 69 (SCC),[1985] 1 SCR 295, at para 139. Finally, theRespondent must then explain to thecourt’s satisfaction the “proportionalitybetween the effects of the [requiredoath]..., and the objective which has beenidentified as of ‘sufficient importance’”. R vOakes, [1961] 1 SCR 103, at para 70.

a. The pressing andsubstantial objective

[38] Counsel for the Respondent describesthe objective of the citizenship oath as fol-lows:e purpose of the oath requirement in-cluding an oath of allegiance to the Queenis to ensure a public, symbolic avowal ofcommitment to this country’s constitu-tionally entrenched political structure andhistory, during the solemnities of the cit-izenship ceremony, as a condition of ac-ceding to full membership in the Canadianpolity. e language of the oath reflectsCanada’s current political reality and con-stitutional order.[39] e Applicants respond by submittingpolling data suggesting that for contem-porary Canadian society the Queen maynot serve the symbolic function that theoath seeks to reinforce. In oral argument,counsel for the Applicants supported thisapproach by asking, rhetorically, why it ispressing and substantial objective to swearallegiance to the Queen as opposed to anoath to Canada or its constitution. Similarsentiments are expressed by the Applicantsin their affidavits. Each indicate that theyobject to the monarch finding her way intothe citizenship oath, but that they wouldhave no objection to swearing an oath toCanada or its laws.[40] With respect, the argument presentedby the Applicants does not establish theconclusion that they draw. Nothing in theApplicants’ argument takes issue with, orcounters, the objective of ensuring duringthe citizenship ceremonies “a public, sym-bolic avowal of commitment” to the coun-try and its established order. Indeed, the

Applicants and the Respondents ap-pear to share that objective, but eachseeks to achieve it with a different formof words.[41] e Applicants may disagree withthe oath as a viable method of accom-plishing the legislative objective. atdisagreement will be discussed belowin terms of whether the means used byParliament are appropriate or propor-tional to the ends it seeks to accom-plish. However, as indicated above, theApplicants take no real issue with thelegislative objective of expressingcommitment to the country, or withits characterization as pressing andsubstantial; frankly, it is difficult to seehow anyone could argue with thepressing and substantial nature of that ob-jective, given the context of the Act inwhich the oath is set out and the ceremonyat which it is administered.

b. The oath as a rational measure

[42] e Applicants argue that the Queenstands for social hierarchy and elitism, andthat there is no rational basis for her pres-ence in a statement of allegiance to the nation. eir contention is that the notionof personal fidelity to the mon arch is soantiquated and antithetical to modernCanada that the oath alienates new Cana-dians more than it reflects their member-ship in the polity or binds them to it in acommunity of status. ey therefore arguethat it is an arbitrary and irrational way toaccomplish the stated objective that mo-tivates the citizenship oath.[43] e Applicants’ affidavit material ad-dresses this view, describing their percep-tion of the monarchy as essentially unde-mocratic, inegalitarian, and a figure thatruns counter to what they conceive as theessence of Canadian society. ey alsosubmit statistical data showing that thepercentage of new Canadians of British de-scent has decreas ed dramatically since theearly decades aer Confederation, andthey surmise that the personal oath to amonarch of British heritage sends a divi-sive and elitist rather than a unifying andall-inclusive message.[44] e Applicants may not be in favourof the continuing historic arrangement,but in analyzing the rationality of Parlia-ment’s choice of an oath to the Queen onecannot ignore the fact that the monarch isCanada’s constitutional head of state. ...[45] In Chainnigh v Canada (AttorneyGeneral), 2008 FC 69 (CanLII), 2008 FC69, the Federal Court had occasion to con-sider, and dismiss, similar arguments inthe context of a Canadian Forces officerwho challenged various expressions of loyalty required during the course of hismilitary service. As Barnes J. put it, at para49, “the fact remains that our present tiesto the British monarchy are constitution-ally entrenched and unless and until thatis changed there is legitimacy within ourinstitutional structures for demanding, inappropriate circumstances, expressions ofrespect and loyalty to the Crown.”[46] It is certainly rational for Parliamentto have embraced an oath that referencesin a direct way Canada’s official head ofstate. Whatever problems the Applicantsthink are associated with the monarchy, itis not irrational for Parliament to have se-lected a figure that has been throughoutthe country’s history, and continues to beuntil the present day, a fixture of its con-stitutional structure.[47] Whether or not there is reliable poll -ing data to suggest what Canadians’ cur-

rent attitude toward the Queen might beis not a relevant consideration here. By wayof analogy, French and English are Cana-da’s official languages, and given their con-stitutionally entrenched status it is rationalfor Parliament to require the oath of citi-zenship in either of those languages. atwould remain true even if polling datacould be produced showing that someother language has become more prevalentamong new Canadians.[48] e constitution contains universalrights that exist in most liberal societies,such as freedom of expression, as well as“a unique set of constitutional provisions,quite peculiar to Canada”, that in manyways define the nation. Attorney Generalof Québec v Québec Protestant SchoolBoards, 1984 CanLII 32 (SCC), [1984]2 SCR 66, at 79. Among the latter are anynumber of clauses that privilege founda-tional aspects of Canadian society:French-English bilingualism, commonlaw-civil law bijuridicalism, a parliamen-tary system, federalism, aboriginal treatyrights, and the status of Her Majesty, toname but a few. It would be entirely ration-al for Parliament, if it so desired, to fashionan oath of citizenship that referenced anysuch defining element established by thecountry’s most fundamental law.

c. The minimal impairment of rights

[49] While the citizenship oath is a rationalchoice, is it one that impairs expression aslittle as possible?...[51] e Applicants’ affidavits are repletewith descriptions of how reference to theQueen is contrary to their conception ofequality and democracy, how it perpetu-ates hereditary privilege, how it connotesBritish ethnic dominance in Canadian so-ciety, and how it is antithetical to minori-ties’ identity and rights. ey concede thatsome form of oath might be acceptable,but they submit that it must contain a mes-sage that they can pronounce in good con-science so that their right to free expres-sion is not so severely impaired. As it is,the Applicants state that while they couldphysically mouth the words of the oath,they cannot do so if they are to take themessage of the oath seriously and adhereto it faithfully.[52] e Applicants’ record contain exam-ples of citizenship oaths from other dem-ocratic nations such as the United States,and even Australia where the Queen islikewise titular head of state, where the ex-pression of fidelity is to the country, itslaws, and its heritage, but not to a personof any special, elevated status. Counsel forthe Applicants contends that the fact thatother comparable societies manage to con-fer citizenship without an oath that is per-sonalized to a national figure, is indicative

that the means chosen by Parliamentto accomplish its goal does not repre-sent a minimal impairment of free-dom of expression.[53] A similar argument was put for-ward by an applicant for citizenshipin Re Heib reflex, (1980), 104 DLR (3d)422 (Fed Ct TD). Like the Applicantshere, the appellant in Re Heib “inter-prets the oath as a binding promise byhim to bear allegiance to a living per-son, Queen Elizabeth, and to her suc-cessors. He says he cannot bring him-self to swear allegiance to any livingperson.” Likewise, Charles Roach inhis Federal Court litigation held fastto the view that “a public oath is themost solemn rite and that its terms

must be faithfully observed.” Roach vCanada (FCA), supra, at para 21 (per Linden J.A., dissenting).[54] Much as this high respect for the oathof citizenship is admirable, it becomesproblematic if the oath itself is misinter-preted. is court has no reason to doubt,and no inclination to inquire into, the bonafides of the Applicants’ beliefs and view-points. at, however, does not mean thata misunderstanding on the Applicants’part must be taken as being true.[55] e Federal Court in Re Heib viewedthat appellant’s similar objection to theoath as misguided. Collier J., at para 8, pre-ferred the interpretation that “the oath canbe regarded, not as a promise to a partic-ular person, but as a promise to the theo-retical political apex of our Canadian par-liamentary system of constitutional mon -archy.” Likewise, the Federal Court of Ap-peal in Roach read the reference to theQueen as a reference not to the person butto the institution of state that she repre-sents. Macguigan JA, for the majority, in-dicated at para 93 that the oath, properlyunderstood, required a citizenship appli-cant to simply “express agreement with thefundamental structure of our country asit is.”[56] e Appellants have rejected these in-terpretations, opting to apply a “plainmeaning” to the reference to the Queen inthe citizenship oath.[57] It appears that the Applicants have notembraced the prevalent view that eschews“plain meanings” as an approach to legaltexts. Contemporary jurisprudence has forthe most part seen so- called plain mean-ing interpretations as misleading, conclud-ing that, where such plain meanings areinvoked, it is as oen as not the case that“the context and background [drive] acourt to the conclusion that ‘somethingmust have gone wrong with the language.’”Chartbrook Limited v Persimmon HomesLimited, [2009] UKHL 38, at para 14. ...[58] In fact, as indicated above, the Appli-cants take the plain words of the oath withmuch solemnity. ey adopt the same pos-ture as the appellant in Re Heib, who, atpara 7, “said he could have, at the hearingbefore the Citizenship Judge, taken thedesignated oath, but...[h]is conscience...would not allow him to do that.” As coun-sel for the Applicants states in his factum:“[t]he insistence on the Oath to the Queenis an obstacle only to those who, like theApplicants, do not support the Monarchyand also take oaths very seriously.”[59] It would seem, however, that the Ap-plicants’ problem is not so much that theytake the oath seriously. Rather, their prob-lem is that they take it literally.[60] In the first place, Her Majesty theQueen in Right of Canada (or Her Majesty

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Non-citizens Dror Bar-Natan, Simone Topey and MichaelMcAleer refuse to swear Allegiance to Queen in order to becomeCanadians. Topey regards HM as “Head of Babylon.”

12 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

the Queen in Right of Ontario or the otherprovinces), as a governing institution, haslong been distinguished from Elizabeth R.and her predecessors as individual people.us, for example, Canada has dividedsovereignty, with both the federal andprovincial Crowns represented by the HerMajesty. In R v Secretary of State for Foreignand Commonwealth Affairs, ex parte Indian Association of Alberta, [1982] QB892, at 916 (CA), Lord Denning explainedthat “the Crown was no longer single andindivisible”, but rather had Canadianizedas “was separate and divisible for each self-governing dominion or province or terri-tory.”[61] One would presume that the Appli-cants understand that, despite the wordsused in our constitutional practice, therehas never been a literal dicing or replica-tion of the Queen. She “may for one aspectand for one purpose fall within Sect. 92[and] may in another aspect or anotherpurpose fall within Sect. 91,” Hodge v eQueen (1883), 9 App Case 117, at 127 (PC),but she does so figuratively, not literally.[62] Moreover, at least since the writingsof A.V. Dicey and Walter Bagehot in thelatter half of the nineteenth century, theCrown as a symbol of the constitutionalmonarchy is not generally conceived as anarbitrary authority. In fact, “[t]he Queenis only at the head of the dignified [i.e. for-mal] part of the Constitution. e PrimeMinister is at the head of the efficient [i.e.political] part.” W. Bagehot, e EnglishConstitution (1st edn. 1877) (New York:Cosimo Classics, 2007), at 296. Together,these institutional embodiments of legalsovereignty are more accurately conceivedas representing “the rule of law as a fun-damental postulate of our constitutionalstructure.” Roncarelli v Duplessis, 1959CanLII 105 (SCC), [1959] SCR 121, at 142.[63] Not only is the Canadian sovereignnot foreign, as alleged by the Applicants inidentifying the Queen’s British origin, butthe sovereign has come to represent theantithesis of status privilege. For one thing,the Crown is, inter alia, the repository ofresponsibility toward aboriginal peoples.Guerin v e Queen, 1984 CanLII 25(SCC), [1984] 2 SCR 335, at 376.[64] e Royal Proclamation of 1763, forexample, was described by Laskin J. (as hethen was) as a form of “Indian Bill ofRights”. Calder v Attorney General of Can -ada (1973) 34 DLR (3d) 145, at 203 (SCC).It was therefore the Crown, or the royalsovereign, that first acknowledged aborig-inal rights in Canada. In Ex parte IndianAssociation of Alberta, supra, at 916, LordDenning concluded that “the obligationsto which the Crown bound itself in theRoyal Proclamation of 1763” continueapace in “the territories to which they re-lated and [are] binding on the Crown...inrespect of those territories.”[65] As indicated above, the Applicants de-pose that they find it “repugnant” to swearan oath to a foreign person that representshierarchical authority and privileged sta-tus. It is more plausible, however, that theoath to the Queen is in fact an oath to adomestic institution that represents egal-itarian governance and the rule of law.[66] In fact, the Canadianization of theCrown, along with all the other institu-tions of constitutional government, “wasachieved through legal and political evolu-tion with an adherence to the rule of lawand stability. e proclamation of the Con-stitution Act, 1982 removed the last vestigeof British authority over the Canadian Con-

stitution and re-affirmed Canada’s commit-ment to the protection of its minority, abo-riginal, equality, legal and language rights,and fundamental freedoms...” Reference reSecession of Québec, 1998 CanLII 793(SCC), [1998] 2 SCR 217, at para 46.[67] In interpreting the oath in a literalistmanner, the Applicants have adopted anunderstanding that is the exact opposite ofwhat the sovereign has come to mean inCanadian law. Little wonder, then, thatthey perceive the oath to represent a max-imal rather than a minimal impairment oftheir rights.[68] e normative clash that forms theessence of their position is premised on amisunderstanding born of literalism.Once the Queen is understood, in context,as an equality-protecting Canadian insti-tution rather than as an aristocratic Eng-lish overlord, any impairment of the Ap-plicants’ freedom of expression is minimal.

d. Proportionality of the oath’sobjective to its effects

[69] As with other cases involving expres-sion in a political context, stacking the cit-izenship oath up against the rights of thosewho disagree with it poses a problem thatis, once again, “difficult, if not impossible,to measure scientifically”. Harper v Cana-da (Attorney General), 2004 SCC 33 (Can-LII), [2004] 1 SCR 827, at para 79. ecourt, however, is entitled not only to con-sider the evidence in its proper context,but to apply some common sense to theanalysis. It is certainly relevant to considerwhether, as the Applicants argue, the oathmandated by the Act is “so arbitrary andunreasonable that it detracts from thevalue of Canadian citizenship.” Lavoie vCanada, 2002 SCC 23 (CanLII), [2002] 1SCR 769, at para 59 [emphasis in original].[70] e key to the proportionality testunder section 1, as with the test for arbi-trary deprivations of the section 7 right tolife, liberty, and security of the person, isto combine logic with empirically dis-cernible facts – i.e. “to evaluate the issue inthe light, not just of common sense or the-ory, but of the evidence.” Chaoulli v Québec(Attorney General), [2001] 1 SCR 791, atpara 150. ...[71] Accordingly, the government partymust provide evidentiary support for itsposition about the salutary effects of its ac-tions. On the other hand, the challengingparty must demonstrate that its positionas to the deleterious effects of the state action has a modicum of credibility, orat least makes logical sense. Dagenais vCanadian Broadcast Corporation, 1994CanLII 39 (SCC), [1994] 3 SCR 835, at 884,888.[72] e Applicants are of the view that theoath to the Queen is not only itself an in-stance of compelled speech but that it will,if taken seriously, forever restrict theirfreedom to express dissenting views. Oneof the Applicants, Dror Bar-Natan, sumsup this viewpoint succinctly in his affi-davit, deposing that if he is compelled totake the oath, “I will be bound in allegianceto the monarchy, and unlike born-Cana-dians, I will be morally bound to supportit.”[73] With all due respect, the notion thatthe citizenship oath represents a restric-tion on dissenting expression, includingany expression of dissent against theCrown itself, is a misapprehension ofCanadian constitutionalism and Canadianhistory. Differences of opinion freely ex-pressed are the hallmarks of the Canadianpolitical identity, and have been so since

the country’s origins. As Rand J. put it inBoucher v. e King, 1950 CanLII 2 (SCC),[1951] SCR 265, at 288: “[f]reedom inthought and speech and disagreement inideas and beliefs, on every conceivablesubject, are of the essence of our life.”[74] Although the Applicants correctlyperceive the oath as a vow of loyalty, theymisconceive the notion of loyalty in Can -ada. Ironically, they appear to adopt whathistorians have labeled the ‘loyalist myth’about the founding of the country, andcharacterize the citizenship oath in termsreminiscent of the traditional characteri-zation of the country’s 18th century ‘loy-alist’ settlers. is myth of supposed blindfaith in royal authority, and the explosionof that myth, is important to understand-ing Canadian nationhood; indeed, it re-flects “the value system of a society writmetaphorically.” Jo-Ann Fellows, “eLoyalist Myth in Canada”, in: Historical Papers, 1971, Canadian Historical Associ-ation 94, at 104.[75] As historians explain it, the ‘loyal’ halfof the continent that received its first con-stitution, the Constitution Act, 1791, 31 Geo3 c 31, in the wake of the American Revo-lution, and that eventually formed an in-dependent confederation under the Con-stitution Act, 1867, was not founded on un-critical acceptance of Empire or loyalty tothe Crown. J.M. Bumsted, Understandingthe Loyalists (Sackville, NB: Centre forCanadian Studies, Mount Allison Univer-sity, 1986), at 12. Rather, the loyalists sharedwith their counterparts to the south theethos of dissent against authority – albeitdemocratic rather than revolutionary dis-sent. Arthur Johnson, Myths and Facts ofthe American Revolution (Toronto, 1908),at 188.[76] History teaches that what distinguish -ed those who remained with the Crownwas not thoughtless fidelity to the mon -arch: “[b]oth patriots and loyalists hadgrievances against the King, George theird.” Constance MacRae-Buchanan,“American Influence on Canadian Consti-tutionalism”, in: J. Ajzenstat, ed., CanadianConstitutionalism 1791-1991, CanadianStudy of Parliament Group (1991), at 154.Rather, what distinguished these proto-Canadians from their southern counter-parts was their notion of loyal opposition– i.e. the ability to dissent from within thefold. Ibid., at 147.[77] ose living in, and fleeing to, thecolonial precursors to Canada remained‘loyal’ to the concept that loyalty and dis-sent can live together. Janice Potter, “eLost Alternative: the Loyalists in theAmerican Revolution” (1976), 27 HumAssoc Rev 89. ...[78] One of the Applicants, Simone Topey,deposes that if she were to take the oath ofCanadian citizenship she “would feelbound by that oath to refrain from partic-ipating in such [anti-monarchist] politicalmovements”. at belief is doubtless sin-cere, but it is premised on a mistake. enation was born in debate rather than rev-olution, reflecting a commitment to en-gagement even while disagreeing witheach other and with the governing Crown.Ged Martin, “Introduction to the 2006Edition”, in: Confederation Debates in theProvince of Canada, 1865, P.B. Waite, ed.(Montreal: McGill-Queen’s UniversityPress, 2nd edn., 2006), at vii, ix.[79] It is in this light – a heritage of debateand dissent – that one can best understandCanada’s tradition of permitting all view-points, including advocacy directly con-trary to the existing constitutional order.

us, for example, not only is advocatingabolition of the monarchy explicitly per-mitted, Committee for the Commonwealthof Canada, supra, but the prospect of sep-aration from the United Kingdom and se-cession of a province both form the subjectof legitimate legal discourse. Reference reResolution to Amend the Constitution (“Pa-triation Reference”), 1981 CanLII 25 (SCC),[1981] 1 SCR 753; Reference re Secession ofQuébec, 1998 CanLII 793 (SCC), [1998] 2SCR 217. Moreover, a political party ded-icated to constitutional fracture can formHer Majesty’s Loyal Opposition in Cana-da’s Parliament. David E. Smith, Across theAisle: Opposition in Canadian Politics(Toronto: University of Toronto Press,2013), at 85-86.[80] I accept that the Applicants’ beliefs aresubjectively sincere, and so the deleteriouseffect of the oath is not nil. SyndicatNorthcrest v Amselem, 2004 SCC 47 (Can-LII), [2004] 2 SCR 551, at para 68. Giventhat these beliefs about the oath to theQueen reflect a fundamental misappre-hension, however, it is difficult to attributethem great objective weight. On the otherhand, the salutary effect of an expressionof fidelity to a head of state symbolizingthe rule of law, equality, and freedom todissent, is substantial.[81] In requiring a vow of commitment tonational values at the moment of citizen-ship, the Act, as indicated earlier in thesereasons, places a limit on free speech; butit does so in a way that is appropriate tothe free and democratic society that isCanada. Indeed, the Act, with its manda-tory oath, restricts a Charter right in a way“that reflects the very purpose for whichrights were entrenched”, Lorraine E. Wein-rib, “e Supreme Court of Canada andSection 1 of the Charter” (1988), 10 Sup CtL Rev 469, at 494. As a statement that em-braces constitutional values, it is a rights-enhancing measure that is justified undersection 1 of the Charter.[82] Accordingly, notwithstanding that itis a prima facie violation of section 2(b) ofthe Charter, the oath to the Queen is con-stitutionally valid.

V. Sections 2(a) and 15(1)of the Charter

[83] Unlike the challenge under section2(b) of the Charter, the Applicants havenot established that the citizenship oathrises to the level of a prima facie infringe-ment of either section 2(a) (freedom of re-ligion) or section 15(1) (equality rights)....[85] No one contends, and it could not se-riously be argued, that the citizenship oathhas a religious purpose. While the Appli-cants complain that there are religious lim-itations on who can become the monarch(the Act of Settlement still prohibits RomanCatholics from ascending to the throne),the purpose of the oath in Canada is thestrictly secular one of articulating a com-mitment to the identity and values of thecountry.[86] e Applicant, Simone Topey, how-ever, deposes that the effect of the oath isto infringe her religious freedom by forc-ing a choice between citizenship and mak-ing a vow that is contrary to her faith. Tobe clear, there is no contention that the Act,in mandating the oath, singles out any oneApplicant or is aimed at any one religion;rather, the point is that its universal appli-cation to all citizenship candidates has adetrimental impact on Ms. Topey.[87] e Supreme Court of Canada ad-dressed this type of claim in Alberta v

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Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony, 2009SCC 37 (CanLII), [2009] 2 SCR 567, wheremembers of a minority religious commu-nity claimed that the province of Alberta’srequirement of a photo on a drivers’ li-cense violated a tenet of their faith. In a de-scription that could be equally apt in thepresent case, McLaughlin CJC stated, atpara 39: “Much of the regulation of a mod-ern state could be claimed by various in-dividuals to have a more than trivial im-pact on a sincerely held religious belief.Giving effect to each of their religiousclaims could seriously undermine the uni-versality of many regulatory programsÉ”[88] In Hutterian Brethren, the govern-ment conceded that its legislation breach -ed the challengers’ religious freedom forthe purpose of enhancing public safety.e simple solution articulated by thecourt, at para 96, was for those effected bythe impugned law to “hire people withdrivers’ licenses for this purpose, or toarrange third party transport to town fornecessary services, like visits to the doctor”.Since the case was seen as pitting the utilityand security of the many against the disu-tility and inconvenience of the few, thecourt readily concluded that the license re-quirement constituted a proper balancethat was justifiable under section 1.[89] e citizenship oath has much incommon with the drivers’ license photo-graph in that it is equally a universal re-quirement of the state applied to applicantswithout regard or reference to religion. eoath, however, presents an even strongercase for upholding the state action sincethe challengers’ section 2(a) objection –the deleterious effect on a sincerely heldreligious belief – runs counter to the veryobject of holding up constitutional valuesfor new citizens. e freedom of religionchallenge here illustrates the observationby Abella J. in Bruker v Markovitz, 2007SCC 54 (CanLII), [2007] 3 SCR 607, atpara 2, that “[n]ot all differences are com-patible with Canada’s fundamental valuesand, accordingly, not all barriers to theirexpression are arbitrary.”[90] To the extent that the oath to theQueen reflects a commitment not to in-equality but to equality, and not to arbi-trary authority but to the rule of law, it isnot only a unifying statement but a rights-enhancing one. In taking the position thatthe mere recitation of the oath is an in-fringement of her subjectively held reli-gious belief, Ms. Topey runs up against thesettled notion that the rights of some can-not be a platform from which to strikedown the rights of others.[91] e Supreme Court of Canada em-braced this notion in addressing the Char-ter arguments in Reference re Same-SexMarriage, 2004 SCC 79 (CanLII), [2004]3 SCR 698. e court stated emphatically,at para 46, that “[t]he promotion of Charterrights and values enriches our society as awhole and the furtherance of those rightscannot undermine the very principles theCharter was meant to foster.” Likewise, anoath of citizenship that references a sym-bol of national values enriches the societyas a whole, and does not undermine therights and freedoms that the society andits head of state foster and represent....[93] An accommodation of religion suchas that sought here – taking account of Ms.Topey’s personal religious beliefs in thecontext of a non-religious citizenship pro-cedure – would be analogous to a publicschool board accommodating a religiousgroup by de-secularizing its curriculum.

In other words, it would amount to a formof accommodation that the SupremeCourt has said is impermissible. S.L. vCommission scolaire des Chênes, 2012 SCC7 (CanLII), [2012] 1 SCR 235. Aer all, itstands to reason that, “state sponsorship of[or support for] one religious traditionamounts to discrimination against others.”Ibid., at para 17.[94] Accordingly, the Act does not amountto a prima facie violation of freedom of re-ligion in the way that it does for freedomof expression. As Deschamps J. put it inS.L., at para 23, “it is not enough for a per-son to say that his or her rights have beeninfringed...” Freedom of religion undersection 2(a) of the Charter has both a sub-jective and an objective, societal compo-nent, both of which must be shown to beinfringed before moving on to section 1.e Applicants have not satisfied that test.[95] Turning to the section 15(1) claimraised by the Applicants, two of the threeof them (Mr. McAteer and Mr. Bar-Natan)identify the ground of discriminationagainst them as one of political belief. Mr.McAteer states that he believes in repub-licanism, while Mr. Bar-Natan states thathe believes in a non-hierarchical society.Ms. Topey, as noted above, claims inter-ference with freedom of religion; and al-though she bases her argument more onsection 2(a) than section 15(1), she raisedthe issue in a way that is closely related toa claim of discrimination on religiousgrounds. Further, Cullity J. made it clearin Roach, supra, at para 17, that an oppo-sition to the entrenchment of “racial hier-archies”, and thus to racial discrimination,was a significant part of Charles Roach’soriginal claim in this case.[96] Race and religion are specifically enu-merated grounds of prohibited discrimi-nation under section 15(1) of the Charter.Furthermore, the Supreme Court of Cana-da reasoned in Corbiere v Canada (Minis-ter of Indian and Northern Affairs), 1999CanLII 687 (SCC), [1999] 2 SCR 203, at219, that a ground of discrimination is ananalogous Charter ground if it is based oncharacteristics that are immutable, orchangeable only at an unacceptably highcost to personal identity. Recent case lawhas suggested that section 15(1) of theCharter can be invoked “to protect againstdiscriminatory treatment of a person on ac-count of having a political belief.” Condonv Prince Edward Island (2002), 214 Nfld &PEI Rep 244, at para 49 (PEI SC); aff ’d onother grounds 253 Nfld & PEI Rep 265(PEI CA).[97] Whether the Applicants’ claim isbased on racial discrimination, religiousdiscrimination, or the somewhat morenovel ground of political belief discrimi-nation, there is sufficient evidence in therecord to consider a section 15(1) challengealleging that the oath to the Queen violatesequality rights.[98] e claims of discrimination on thegrounds of religion and race are raised aspurely subjective matters by Ms. Topey(and formerly by Mr. Roach). ere is nodiscriminatory purpose in requiring theoath, and there is likewise no objective evidence that it has a discriminatory effect– that is, no statistical evidence or demo-graphic data to establish that the require-ment of an oath to the Queen has a dis-parate impact on religious or racial minorities. Absent evidence of discrimi-natory purpose or impact, there is no basison which a Charter challenge based on un-equal treatment can succeed. Trinity West-ern University v British Columbia College

of Teachers, 2001 SCC 31 (CanLII), [2001]1 SCR 772, at para 35.[99] As for the claim of political belief dis-crimination raised by Mr. McAteer andMr. Bar-Natan, this claim is equally un-substantiated in the evidentiary record.ese two Applicants no doubt feel thatthe impact of the citizenship oath is dis-criminatory toward those with their re-publican and anti- hierarchical beliefs, butthere is no evidence that any particular political movement or group has been ad-versely impacted by these measures. In-deed, if anything the evidence in Canada,where there are many dissenting politicalgroupings and movements – including, asindicated above, a thriving anti- monar-chist movement – is to the contrary.[100] What the claim of political belief dis-crimination really reduces to is a claim thatthe oath discriminates against those whoobject to the oath. It is self-evident that aclaim under section 15(1) cannot be sofinely tuned to the very measure beingchallenged lest every enactment be labeleddiscriminatory.[101] at said, the Applicants’ argumenthere is closely allied with their overallclaim that they are discriminated againston the grounds of their non-citizenshipstatus. ey submit that since persons whoare Canadian citizens by birth do not needto take an oath to the Queen, applicantsfor citizenship by naturalization are inher-ently discriminated against by requiringthem to take an oath. ose who, like theApplicants, hold political beliefs that op-pose the content of the oath, are the oneswho feel this discrimination the most.[102] e Applicants’ claim of discrimina-tion on the ground of (non-)citizenship,however, attempts to prove too much.While it is impermissible for governmentto distinguish between citizens and non-citizens in certain other contexts that arenot intrinsically related to citizenship, Andrews, supra, the very concept of citi-zenship is premised on there being a legaldistinction between citizens and others.“Citizenship”, according to Rand J. and justabout every other jurist who has writtenabout the issue, “is membership in a state”.Winner v S.M.T., 1951 CanLII 2 (SCC),[1951] SCR 887, at 918. Needless to say, thevery existence of a category of member-ship also signifies the existence of non-members.[103] For this reason, the courts in Canadahave perceived citizenship to be a statusthat is “determined by Parliament undersubsection 91(25) of the British NorthAmerica Act, 1867... and is a political pre-rogative derived from the sovereignty ofthe nation.” Lavoie (FCA), supra, at para11. If an immigrant and a citizen were re-quired to be treated equally within themeaning of section 15(1) of the Charter, theconcept of citizenship would disappear.Accordingly, “one cannot even speak of thepossibility of a breach of the equality prin-ciple when comparing the privileges of cit-izenship to those accorded to immigrants.”Ibid., at para 9.[104] Citizenship, as Linden JA indicatedin Lavoie, at para 125, “is a cherished priv-ilege, not for the pecuniary benefits whichaccrue to its holders, but for the bonds thatit creates.” Likewise, when Lavoie reachedthe Supreme Court, the plurality judgmentby Bastarache J. emphasized, at para 57,that “citizenship serves important politi-cal, emotional and motivational purpos-es...it fosters a sense of unity and sharedcivic purpose amongst a diverse popula-tion.” In much the same way, the oath of

citizenship is an articulation of the value-laden glue of which those bonds are com-posed.[105] Bonds by definition separate peoplewithin from people without. is fact hasbeen the subject of critique by politicaltheorists and legal scholars, who havepointed out that the political and materialadvantages given to birthright citizensraises for some a “moral disdain againstacquisition and transfer rules that system-ically exclude prospective members on thebasis of ascriptive criteria.” Ayelet Shacharand Ran Hirschl, “Citizenship as InheritedProperty” (2007), 35 Political eory 253,at 255. It is this sentiment that is reflectedin, for example, Mr. Bar-Natan’s testimonythat the oath is a form of initiation ritualthat is “tantamount to hazing.”[106] Nevertheless, one simply cannothave citizens without non-citizens, ormembers of the state without non-mem-bers; and since the non-citizens define thecitizens, their very status cannot be dis-criminatory within the meaning of section15(1) of the Charter. As Arbour J. said inher separate concurrence in Lavoie, at para110, “it is the essence of the concept of ontd é cid é de faire appelcitizenship that itdistinguishes between citizens and non-citizens and treats them differently... Werethe differences...eliminated so that allrights available to citizens were also im-mediately and equally available to non-cit-izens, the notion of citizenship would be-come meaningless.”[107] us, in challenging the disparateimpact of the oath on non-citizens as op-posed to birthright citizens, the Applicantsin effect challenge citizenship itself. Indoing so, they impugn the unimpugnable.In Canada, the courts have been directedto “accord the state a...wide latitude in de-termining some of the special rights of cit-izenship.” Lavoie (SCC, per Arbour J.), atpara 116. One such right, or determiningfactor, is that Parliament can determinethe admission criteria such as an oathwithout being subject to equality rightsanalysis on the grounds of the challengers’citizenship itself.[108] In enacting the oath, Parliament hassought “to enhance the meaning of citizen-ship as a unifying bond for Canadians.”Lavoie (SCC, per Bastarache J.), at para 57.As with the freedom of religion claim, theApplicants cannot use section 15(1) as ameans of undermining the equality andunity of others. To put it another way,“[t]he mere recognition of the equalityrights of one group cannot, in itself, con-stitute a violation of the rights of another.”Reference re Same-Sex Marriage, supra, atpara 46.[109] Accordingly, there is no violation ofeither section 2(a) or 15(1) of the Charterin requiring new citizens to take an oathto the Queen.

VI. Disposition

[110] e Application is dismissed.[111] e citizenship oath to the Queen, asset out in the Act, infringes section 2(b) ofthe Charter as a form of compelled expres-sion, but is saved by section 1 as being areasonable limit on the right of expressionthat is justifiable in a free and democraticsociety.[112] e oath does not violate section 2(a)(freedom of religion) or section 15(1)(equality rights) of the Charter.[113] e parties have agreed not to seekcosts against each other, and none are ordered.

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EXTRACTS FROM MPs’REMARKS/EXTRAITSDES DISCOURS PARLES DÉPUTÉSby the Hon Shelly Glover, Minister ofCanadian Heritage/ministre du Patrimoinecanadien et des Langues officielles

As a result of Con-federation we becamea country and a people.We have accomplisheda great deal together.Many things havechanged, but Canadaand Canadians haveremained strong. Onehundred and fiy yearsago we chose to be-come a constitutional monarchy...Today,our heritage makes us unique and providesa link to our past while nourishing ourhopes for the future. e birth of His RoyalHighness Prince George Alexander Louisof Cambridge is a reminder of this her-itage.

• • •Le prince George, qui porte le nom du

grand-père de Sa Majesté, le roi George VI,occupe le troisième rang dans l’ordre desuccession au trône du Canada, après leprince de Galles et le duc de Cambridge.Son Altesse Royale représente ainsi lacontinuité et la stabilité de la monarchie etdu système de gouvernement canadien.

by Irene Mathyssen(NDP: London-Fanshawe)

As royal biographerChristopher War wickhas noted: Obviouslythe great thing is thatthe new royal birth se-cures the line of succes-sion for the third gener-ation, which is the firsttime since 1894, sincethe birth of Queen Vic -toria’s great-grandson,the future Edward VIII.

at succession has been secured to thethird generation.

In addition to ruling the United King-dom, George Alexander Louis will one daybe the king of 15 other Commonwealthcountries, including our great nation ofCanada.

Prince George shares his name with his

great-great-grandfather, King George VI,her Majesty’s father. e name “George,”has most appropriately come to stand forthe continuity of the monarchy. As manyof us know, Prince George’s great-greatgrandfather, George VI, showed, throughhis great courage, the ability to overcomethe vulnerability of his stammer and be-came the symbol of one who stood stead-fastly for his nation and his people.

George Alexander Louis comes fromsuch stock and, as Mr. Warwick has noted,his birth on July 22 ensures the successionof the throne for three generations, wellinto the 22nd century.

Of course, as every family knows, a newbaby heralds joy and renewed hope for thefuture. We all look forward to the mile-stones of our children’s first words, firststeps, first day of school, first love, and westand by as parents ready to provide steadysupport through the challenges that mayarise out of all those firsts. Along with thejoy and hope a new baby brings, all parentsknow the feeling of renewed commitmentto working toward creating a legacy wor-thy of the next generation. It is no differentwhen we speak of the Commonwealthfamily and the legacy we would, as the na-tions of the Commonwealth, wish to passon to our royal heirs, and all our childrenand the children of the future.

• • •Dans ce même esprit de joie et d’allé-

gresse, nous serons ravis d’accueillir leprince George lorsqu’il accompagnera sesparents sur la terre de nos aïeux. Il repré-sente un merveilleux prétexte pour resser-rer encore davantage les liens qu’entretien-nent nos deux pays souverains de mêmeque tous les États du Commonwealth.

Une fois de plus, les députés néo-démo-crates se joignent à moi pour offrir nos pluschaleureuses félicitations et exprimernotre espoir en l’avenir. Nous célébrons lanaissance de Son Altesse Royale le princeGeorge Alexander Louis. Nous lui souhai-tons une longue et heureuse vie. Puisse-t-il être confiant dans l’amour et le respectdu peuple canadien à son égard.

de l’hon Stéphane Dion (Lib: Saint Laurent-Cartierville)

J’aimerais profiter de l’occasion pourproposer quelques raisons qui font quel’institution de la monarchie est plusqu’une relique du passé et qu’elle est tou-jours pertinente pour le Canada en cedébut de XXIe siècle.

Premièrement, de nombreux Cana-diens demeurent très attachés à la monar-chie et si d’autres ont une attitude plus dé-tachée face à cette institution, ils n’ont au-cune envie de priver de la reine tous ceuxet celles qui l’aiment et qui veulent la gar-der. Cela témoigne d’une sensibilité et d’unrespect des autres très canadiens.

Deuxièmement ,notre système confèretellement de pouvoirsau premier ministrequ’il est salutaire de re-tirer une part du pres-tige de l’État au titu-laire de ce poste pourla remettre, mêmes y m b o l i q u e m e n t ,entre les mains d’unepersonnalité qui s’est préparée, depuis tou-jours, à incarner l’État et la nation.

Troisièmement, le fait que le chef del’État canadien vive dans un autre pays estune bizarrerie de notre système politique,mais cette bizarrerie nous sert bien. Grâceà elle, personne ne se demande si notrechef d’État est d’allégeance libérale, conser-vatrice, néo-démocrate ou favorable auParti vert. Elle trône au-dessus de nos di-visions partisanes, mieux que si elle étaitde notre sérail.

Quatrièmement, nous, Canadiens,avons beaucoup de qualités, mais nous nesommes pas des plus doués pour les débatssymboliques. Il se pourrait bien que nousne sachions pas par quoi ou par qui rem-placer la monarchie. C’est arrivé aux Aus-traliens.

Voilà donc quatre raisons qui justifientque l’institution monarchique sert biennotre démocratie. Cependant, il y en a unecinquième, soit le fait que Sa Majesté lareine Elizabeth II règne depuis tant de dé-cennies avec une irréprochable dignité.

• • •As I reflect on Her Majesty’s recently

completed Diamond Jubilee celebrations,I must add that as Prince George is calledto a life of service, he could look to nogreater model than his great- grandmoth-er. Her Majesty has devoted her entire lifeand energies to the service of the many na-tions of which is the constitutional monar-chy.

Over the past 60 years, she has stoodwith Canada through key moments of ourcountry’s history and as our nation wentthrough change and transformation hasbeen a rock of stability and a steadfastkeeper of tradition.

Mutli-Party Congratulations in Commons on Prince George’sBirth – Dion Makes Case for Canadian Crown

Félicitations mutli-parti à la Chambre des communes à la naissance dePrince George – Stéphane Dion plaide en faveur de la Couronne canadienne

Hon Shelly Glover

Irene Mathyssen, MP

On October 17th the House of Commons moved a Humble Address by Par-liament to e Queen which expressed congratulations on the birth of a directHeir to the Canadian rone. e House had not been sitting at the time ofPrince George’s birth. Beyond the formalities expected on such an occasion,the debate was notable for the thoughtful reflections contained in the partyspokesmen’s speeches. Particularly significant were the five arguments for theCrown given by former Liberal Party leader Stéphane Dion, printed below.Ed.

Le Chambre des communes a appui le 17 Octobre une Humble Adresse à laReine pour exprimer ses félicitations à la naissance de Prince George. Le débata été marquée par des observations dans les discours de les porte-parole desparties. Particulièrement significatifs étaient les cinq arguments pour la Cou-ronne donnée par l’ancien chef du Parti libéral Stéphane Dion, imprimé ci-dessous. Ed

TEXT OF HUMBLEADDRESS MOVED BYTHE LEADER OF THEGOVERNMENT ONBEHALF OF THEPRIME MINISTER

at an humble Address be presentedto Her Majesty the Queen in the follow-ing words:

TO THE QUEEN’S MOSTEXCELLENT MAJESTY:

MOST GRACIOUS SOVEREIGN:We, Your Majesty’s loyal and dutiful

subjects, the Commons of Canada inParliament assembled, beg leave to offerour congratulations to Your Majesty onthe birth of a Prince, a son to eir RoyalHighnesses, the Duke and Duchess ofCambridge, and assuring Your Majestythat this happy event affords the greatestjoy and satisfaction to Your faithfulMembers of the House of Commons ofCanada.

at the said Address be engrossed;at a Message be sent to the Senate

informing their Honours that this Househas adopted the said Address and re-questing their Honours to unite with thisHouse in the said Address by filling upthe blanks with the words “the Senateand”; and

at a Message of congratulations besent by the Speaker, on behalf of thisHouse, to eir Royal Highnesses theDuke and Duchess of Cambridge uponthe joyful occasion of the birth of a sonto eir Royal Highnesses.

TEXTE D’UNE HUMBLEADRESSE PROPOSÉEPAR LE LEADER DUGOUVERNEMENT AU NOMDU PREMIER MINISTRE

Qu’une humble Adresse soit présen-tée à Sa Majesté la Reine dans les termessuivants:À SA TRÈS EXCELLENTE MAJESTÉLA REINE,

TRÈS GRACIEUSE SOUVERAINE,Nous, sujets très dévoués et fidèles de

Sa Majesté, la Chambre des communesdu Canada, assemblés en Parlement,avons l’honneur de Vous offrir nos sin-cères félicitations à l’occasion de la nais-sance d’un prince, fils de Leurs AltessesRoyales le duc et la duchesse de Cam-bridge, et de Vous assurer que cet heu-reux événement réjouit au plus hautpoint vos fidèles serviteurs, la Chambredes communes du Canada.

Que cette Adresse soit grossoyée;Qu’un message soit transmis au Sénat

informant Leurs Honneurs que la Cham-bre des communes a adopté cette Adresseet priant Leurs Honneurs de se joindre àcette Chambre dans cette Adresse en in-sérant les mots « le Sénat et »;

Qu’un message de félicitations soittransmis par le Président, au nom decette Chambre, à Leurs Altesses Royalesle duc et la duchesse de Cambridge àl’heureuse occasion de la naissance deleur fils.

Prince George and his parents in New ZealandApril 8 for a three-week tour of the Antipodes.George will remain with his nanny in four locations during the tour, but may be present atone event.

L’hon Stéphane Dion

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 15

The Committee’s membership consists of the following:ChairmanBruce Hallsor, Managing Partner, Crease Harman; Past

President, Victoria Bar Association; legal historian;League’s Victoria Branch co-Chairman, Victoria, BC

Legal /Constitutional AdvisorsAndrew Heard, Associate Professor of Political Science,

Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BCProfessor Benoît Pelletier, Professeur titulaire, Faculty of

Law, Université d’Ottawa, former Quebec cabinetminister and frequent advisor and commentator onconstitutional matters, ON

Stephen Phillips, Instructor in Political Science, LangaraCollege, Vancouver, BC

MembersBenjamin Hendriksen, Policy Analyst, Yellowknife, NTGreg Blue, QC, Senior Staff Lawyer at the BC Law Institute,

Acting Chairman of the League’s Vancouver Branch,Vancouver, BC

Linda Fisher, monarchist, Surrey, BC

Brian Hodgson, Sergeant-at-Arms, Alberta LegislativeAssembly, Edmonton, AB

Kenneth Munro, Professor Emeritus, University of Alberta,author, Edmonton, AB

Steven Uren, business student at CAIT, Ntl Chairman ofLeague’s Young Monarchists, Calgary, AB

Tom Richards, past Ntl Chairman of League’s YoungMonarchists, Research Officer at Legislative Assembly,Regina, SK

Bradley Barbour, lawyer, Waterloo, ONBrendon Bedford, MA graduate in Canadian Political

Institutions, University administrator, Kitchener, ONMatt Bondy, Manager, Executive Communications,

University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ONKevin Gillespie, Student-at-Law, Osgoode Hall Law School,

Founder Osgoode Constitutional Law Society, nativeof Calgary, Toronto, ON

Ryerson Neal, Student-at-Law, University of Toronto,former League Summer Intern subsequentlyemployed by the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario,native of Goderich, Toronto, ON

Brock Weir, Editor, The Auroran, Aurora, ONDanielle Lemire-Descary, monarchist and volunteer

translator, St Jean sur Richelieu, QCFrancis Ouellet, Engineer Officer, Canadian Armed Forces,

volunteer translator, Quebec City, QCJohn Yogis, QC, Professor Emeritus & former Associate

Dean, Faculty of Law, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NSLeague AdvisorsThe League’s Regional Coordinators represent League

members generally and will be kept apprised of theCommittee’s work:

Maritimes: Barry MacKenzie, New Maryland, NBQuebec: Etienne Boisvert, Warwick, QCOntario: Cian Horrobin, Toronto, ONWestern Canada: Keith Roy, Vancouver, BC

Any ideas or communications for the Committee may be di-rected to the League and will be passed on to the appropriatemember/s as the Committee begins its work.

MONARCHIST LEAGUE ANNOUNCES SUCCESSION COMMITTEENOMINATION DES MEMBRES DU COMITÉ DE SUCCESSION

Bruce Hallsor –Victoria lawyer

chairs MonarchistLeague Succession

Committee

e Monarchist League of Canada announces the formationand membership of its Committee on the Succession to the rone.Its work begins now as a prudential, forward-looking concern onour part, without suggesting anything other than the hope we allshare: that e Queen will reign in health and happiness for manyyears to come.

e Committee’s ultimate task is to present to government andother officials analysis and recommendations as to issues affectingCanada that may arise at the time that the Prince of Wales succeedshis Mother, including, but not limited to the implications of a pos-sible Regency in the UK, the style and titles of the Duchess of Corn-wall both under any Regency and at the time of Charles’ succeedingas King, matters concerning the Proclamation of the new Reignboth federally and possibly provincially, the form of any Canadian

participation in the ensuing Coronation – and other items thathave never really been addressed from a Canadian perspective, butwhich may confront a future government with not much notice.

As evident from the list of Com mittee’s members below, theLeague is fortunate to be able to call on diverse talents to share inconsideration of these matters, and uniquely positioned to havethe group’s ultimate report form the basis of serious considerationby government and opinion-makers due not only to its member-ship, but also to the respect the League has won as a sober, diverse,reasonable, well-informed, outward-looking and realistic organi-zation, the sole national non-partisan body which for over 44 yearshas focused on one cause and attained significant results due to thesupport and hard work of members across Canada.

Andrew Heard Benoit Pelletier

Stephen Phillips Benjamin Hendriksen

Steven Uren Bradley Barbour

Brock Weir Prof John Yogis

By happy coincidence, three members of Succes-sion Committee find themselves at the sametable at this year’s Accession Sunday Luncheon:Ryerson Neal (first to le), Brendon Bedford(next le) and Matthew Bondy (third to right)

Kevin Gillespie Danielle Lemire Descary

Tom Richards Francis Ouellet

League members and constitutional experts to consider Canadian issuesarising when Charles succeeds as King

Membres de la Ligue et les experts constitutionnels d’examiner les questionstypiquement canadiennes qui peuvent survenir lorsque le Prince de Galles devient roi

La Ligue monarchiste du Canada est heureux d’annoncer la formation ainsi que la composition du comité de la Ligue sur lasuccession au Trône. Celui-ci entame dès maintenant son travail,simplement par souci de prévoyance et de prudence de notre part,bien que nous souhaitions tous que la Reine puisse poursuivre sonrègne durant encore de nombreuses années.

La tâche ultime de ce comité est de présenter au gouvernement,et aux fonctionnaires analystes, des recommandations sur les ques-tions concernant le Canada qui pourront survenir au moment oùle prince de Galles succédera à sa Mère. Entre-autres, les questionsconcernant les conséquences d’une possible régence au Royaume-Uni, les changements aux titres de la Duchesse de Cornouaillessous régence ou après le couronnement de Charles, les questionsde niveau fédérales et provinciales relatives à la proclamation dunouveau roi et, éventuellement, à la forme que prendra la partici-pation du Canada lors du couronnement. De plus, d’autres inter-

rogations qui n’ont que rarement été abordées par les Canadiens,mais auxquelles pourrait faire face un futur gouvernement avectrès peu de préavis seront abordées.

Comme vous pourrez le constater lorsque vous consulterez laliste des membres du comité, nous avons la chance de compter surune grande diversité de talents qui se pencheront sur toutes cesquestions. Ceux-ci seront particulièrement bien en mesure de produire le rapport final attendu, qui sera sérieusement considérépar le gouvernement ainsi que par les analystes de celui-ci en raison,non seulement de la crédibilité des membres qui l’auront produit,mais aussi dû au respect unique que la Ligue a gagné au fil des ans,toujours bien informée, ouverte et réaliste, en plus d’être un organisme national non partisan, diversifié et raisonnable. La ligue,depuis plus de 44 ans, a mis l’accent sur une cause et a atteint des résultats significatifs gr‚ce à l’appui et au travail acharné de ses membres d’un océan à l’autre.

À ce jour, bien que quelques membres supplémentairespourraient être ajoutés, le Comité de succession au trône estainsi constitué:PrésidentBruce Hallsor, directeur associé, Crease Harman; ex-

président, Victoria Bar Association; historienjuridique; coprésident de la branche de la Ligue deVictoria, C.-B.

Conseillers juridiques et constitutionnelsAndrew Heard, professeur agrégé en sciences politiques,

Université Simon Fraser, Vancouver, C.-B.Professeur Benoît Pelletier, professeur titulaire, Faculty of

Law, Université d’Ottawa; ex-ministre auGouvernement du Québec; conseiller etcommentateur au sujet de questionsconstitutionnelles, Ont.

Stephen Phillips, enseignant en sciences politiques,Langara College, Vancouver, C.-B.

MembresBenjamin Hendriksen, analyste politique, Yellowknife,

T.N.-O.Greg Bleu, avocat senior, BC Law Institute; président par

intérim de la branche de la Ligue à Vancouver,originaire du Québec, Vancouver, C.-B.

Linda Fisher, monarchiste, Surrey, C.-B.Brian Hodgson, sergent d’armes, Alberta Legislative

Assembly, Edmonton, Alb.Kenneth Munro, professeur émérite, University of Alberta;

auteur, Edmonton, Alb.Steven Uren, étudiant en commerce, CAIT; président

national des jeunes monarchistes, Calgary, Alb.Tom Richards, ex-président national des jeunes

monarchistes; agent de recherche à l’Assembléelégislative de la Saskatchewan, Régina, Sask.

Bradley Barbour, avocat, Waterloo, Ont.Brendon Bedford, diplômé à la maîtrise en établissements

politiques canadiens, administrateur universitaire,Kitchener, Ont.

Matt Bondy, directeur, Executive Communications,University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ont.

Kevin Gillespie, étudiant en droit, Osgoode Hall LawSchool, Founder Osgoode Constitutional Law Society,originaire de Calgary, Toronto, Ont.

Ryerson Neal, étudiant en droit, Université de Toronto,ancien stagiaire de la Ligue et maintenant employé

par le Lieutenant-gouverneur de l’Ontario, originairede Goderich, Toronto, Ont.

Brock Weir, rédacteur en chef, The Auroran, Aurora, Ont.Danielle Lemire-Descary, monarchiste et traductrice

bénévole, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Qc.Francis Ouellet, officier du Génie, Forces armées

canadiennes; traducteur bénévole, Québec, Qc.John Yogis, professeur émérite et ancien doyen associé de

la Faculté de droit de l’Université Dalhousie, originairedu Québec, Halifax, N.-É.

Conseillers de la LigueLes Coordonnateurs régionaux de la Ligue représentent

les membres de la Ligue et ceux-ci seront tenus aucourant des travaux du comité:

Maritimes: Barry MacKenzie, New Maryland, N.-B.Québec: Étienne Boisvert, Warwick, Qc.Ontario: Cian Horrobin, Toronto, Ont.Ouest du Canada: Keith Roy, Vancouver, C.-B.

Toute communication peut être adressée à la Ligue et serapar la suite transmise aux membres appropriés lorsque lecomité commencera son travail.

16 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

CROWN to the Duke ofEdinburgh’s Award Young

Canadians Challenge, which re-cently celebrated its 50th An-niversary of inspiring youthwith tough but achievable goalscentering on community serv-ice and personal development –and to its founder the remark-able DUKE OF EDINBURGHand his designated successor inthe Award Scheme, THE EARLOF WESSEX.

CROWN to Canada Postfor honouring the birth of

Prince George with an attrac-tive stamp; but MACE that thequantity printed meant that itsold out almost immediately,with any remaining stockswithdrawn (but not yet againavailable) upon the announce-ment of the new and dramati-cally higher postage rates.

MACE to Cheryl Browneat the BARRIE EXAM-

INER for writing one of the silliest and most inaccurate des -criptions of the nature of the

then-upcoming visit by a member of the Canadian RoyalFamily that we’ve seen in a longtime, the more ironic since thatvisitor was the famously-un-stuffy Princess Royal. Writingof a city committee planningwhat turned out to be a veryhappy and well-attendedhome coming, Ms Brownewrote that the committee had“received a 50-page manual onprotocols expected by the Britishmonarchy when its royals visitthe outlying colonies.” eremay be a manual full of practi-cal suggestions though we’veentertained Royalty withoutever seeing one – but what’s thenonsense about “British Mon -archy” and “outlying col onies”?If Browne was being serious,she needs a quick civics lesson.And if she was being snide,then shame on her – and howabout a lesson in the differencebetween the role of reportageand commentary. We mightadd – where were her EDITORS?

CROWNS & MACES

Some dame! MACEto outgoing Austral -

ian Governor GeneralQuentin Bryce, who ac-cepted a knighthood de-spite her violating theapolitical duty of a vice-regal and insulting eQueen by stating in apublic speech that shehoped Australia was aplace... “where perhaps,my friends, one day, oneyoung girl or boy mayeven grow up to be ournation’s first head ofstate.”

e Governor General and Her Excellency Sharon Johnston, and the Lieutenant Governor of Ontariowith Her Honour Ruth Ann Onley join e Earl & Countess of Wessex and Galen and the Hon HilaryWeston at the November 1 Gala held to honour the 50th Anniversary of the Duke of Edinburgh’sAward Scheme in Canada.

YOUNG MONARCHISTS CHALLENGE CMN READERS:Encourage a young person to request and placeMonarchist posters at school or university!

by Stephen Uren (National Chairman, YMs) & Neil Macalasdair (National Vice-Chairman)Greetings! We animate YM activities across Canada, and, with Chairman Finch, ap-

prove coordinators of the League’s presence on various campuses where interest in theCanadian Crown is expressed.

Today we are challenging the general membership with the focus as described above– probably nearly every one of you will know one or more students of high school age

through university.We seek your help in motivating

them to become part of an importantoutreach project which Neil and a teamof about ten University of Toronto stu-dents recently began whereby the cam-pus is being flooded with the poster yousee illustrated here to provoke interestin the League and its cause. ey arebeing joined by students at other uni-versities across Canada.

Our intention is to come up with newposter designs once or twice each schoolyear to allow for fresh campaigns. Forease of distributing and posting, theposters are printed on legal size paper –the bright colour assuring attention.

You can either ask students yourselfif they’d be prepared to post a reasonablenumber of the current poster on theirown campus (perhaps only several, per-haps 10, perhaps more) – and then passon their email address/es to the League(domsec@sympatico.ca) so that we can“seal the deal” – Alternatively, we cancontact them directly if you give us theirname/s and email address/es with yourpermission to say “Aunt Mary/your

Cousin Bill thought that you might be interested in...”Regardless of your ability to assist, we know you’ll be pleased to see the YM’s active

on the League’s behalf to promote the Crown in a positive and contemporary way in ed-ucational settings where its place in the Canadian identity is not always taught. And weappreciate your generous assistance to help the League make possible the cost of printing,and of purchasing staplers and staples! ank you for your consideration and support.To obtain posters, please see back page

Canada Post has recently raised the costof mailing a first-class letter by a minimumof 33%, from 63¢ to 85¢. Accordingly a typ-ical monthly mailing to solicit say 750 re-newals now costs the League an additionan extra $165 – about $2000 a year.

For several years, we have been email-ing members whose annual support is dueabout a week prior to mailing them con-ventionally. We intend to add to this ouroverdue members.

And as you know every year we sendnumerous email Communiqués, actionalerts and meeting notices to Monarchistsso that you are kept informed, asked tohelp, invited to events and generally seethat your League is always “standing onguard.” Even without the postage increase,we could never afford – or find time – tomail such notices via Canada Post.

Of course we are delighted by andgrateful for your financial support, how-ever given.

But we respectfully point out two facts:a) we hear “I am not on email.” A mon -

archist without email misses out onmany opportunities to enjoy the life ofthe League and to help the cause of theCanadian Crown. You do not have toown a computer! Anyone can start a freeemail account (such as yahoo.ca orgmail.com) on a computer at a libraryor office or via a young person in yourlife. Ask a librarian or youth to help you

set it up. en you can check it once ortwice a week – and we guarantee youwill enjoy the experience! It is neitherdifficult, high-tech or time-consuming.

b) we hear “I don’t trust PayPal” – PayPalis the means by which the League storereceives your payment and forwards itdirectly to our bank account. eLeague now receives in some weeks amajority of its income via PayPal! It isa private, secure system originally de-veloped by ebay for its online auctions– and is now the standard commercialmethod for paying online. Your creditcard and other personal information areencrypted. And you do not have to havea PayPal account – you simply use yourcredit card without logging into such anaccount, an option clearly offered.In receiving thousands of remittances

and at least tens of thousands of dollarsvia PayPal, the League and its supportershave not experienced a single problemwith security of funds and of personalinformation! Nor was it affected by theHeartbleed virus.

If you want to help the League – andkeep our income focused on outreach, ad-vertising, advocacy, action rather thanstocking envelopes, trips to the copy cen-tre, buying stamps and such administrivia,do use our League Store/PayPal – andplease get an email account if you don’t al-ready have one. ank you!

SOME PLAIN TALK FROMTHE DOMINION CHAIRMAN

about email, PayPaland 21st century communication

KEEPCALM

AND

letsCommunicate COMMONWEALTH POLITICAL

AFFAIRS DIRECTOR:

Charles’ Successionas Head

“Not Automatic”In a 28 January letter to an Ottawa Monarchist League member

who holds e Queen’s Commission, Amitav Banerji gave no en-couragement to those who value the role of the Sovereign as Headof the Commonwealth, especially in light of e Queen’s devotedsupport and interest of the unique institution throughout thedecades of her Reign.

Calling the question posed “an important issue,” Mr Banerji ob-served that “e Head of the Commonwealth is a symbol of themodern Commonwealth of Nations, a family that shares historicalties as well as common values and principles.”

However, he concluded his letter by stating, “Succession to theposition of Head of the Commonwealth is not automatic. echoice is for Commonwealth Heads of Government collectively tomake at the appropriate time.”

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 17

by Elkanah A. SmithOver 110 years ago, the newly minted

Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York,clad in black, embarked for a long-plannedtour of an empire still mourning QueenVictoria, its longest reigning monarch.Once in Canada, the Duke and Duchess,later King George V and Queen Mary, tookthe country by storm, and one of theirmany stops was Barrie, ON.

Aer 113 years, a lot has happened inBarrie. It has experienced exceptionalgrowth. It has transformed from a villageto a bona fide city but, until October, onething it hadn’t experienced was a visit froma child of the reigning monarch.

All that changed on October 22 whenGeorge V and Queen Mary’s great-grand-daughter, the Princess Royal, arrived bymotorcade to Allandale Station Park toformally dedicate the site of a future Mil-itary Heritage Park. ere was heightenedinterest in the Princess Royal’s visit, notonly because of the rarity of a royal pres-ence in the city, but also due to the fact hervisit coincided with the christening ofPrince George of Cambridge that sameday.

Her Royal Highness’ arrival was sig-naled as her motorcade approached by hernew Personal Flag for Use in Canada flut-tering in the wind, which was unfurled forthe first time specifically for this RoyalHomecoming. e flag follows a new tra-dition, which started in 2011 with the cre-ation and presentation of personal Cana-dian flags for the Prince of Wales and Dukeof Cambridge.

Crowds braved the blustery sleet tocatch a glimpse of the Princess Royal,where she met with local officials and re-ceived a warm welcome from Mayor JeffLehman.

“It’s an honour to welcome e PrincessRoyal to the City of Barrie and have theopportunity to share with her our visionfor the future of the Military HeritagePark,” said Mayor Lehman in a statementshortly aer welcoming the city’s royalguest. “e proposed plan for the parkpays tribute to Barrie’s rich military historyand those who have served our country inwar and peace. Princess Anne’s presencehere today has made this dedication trulyspecial and will be well-remembered inyears to come.”

Military was the distinct theme of HerRoyal Highness’ working visit to Ontario.Indeed the primary purpose of HRH’s visitto Barrie was her first visit as Colonel inChief to the local regiment, the Grey andSimcoe Foresters. Inspecting the Guard ofHonour which greeted her arrival, thePrincess wore a gold maple leaf pinned to

the neck of her brown coat – and was sub-sequently presented with a similar me-mento of the occasion created by EmilyWojna, a graduate of Georgian College.e custom-made golden bracelet incor-porates locally-sourced gems and miner-als, as well as the insignia the Grey andSimcoe Foresters, and will serve as a tes-tament to Georgian College’s Jewellery andMetals program. In return, HRH unveileda commemorative bench which will re-main a lasting legacy in the park as the Mil-itary Heritage landmark grows up aroundit.

Following the public part of her first en-gagement, Her Royal Highness was pre-sented with a bouquet of flowers by a veryexcited Ashley Logan, 6, of Barrie, beforedropping in at the nearby SouthshoreCommunity Centre to meet with regimentmembers past and present, and their fam-ilies.

e following morning, the PrincessRoyal continued to CFB Borden where shereviewed the Royal Canadian MedicalServices – whose Colonel she is – andtoured mobile medical tents that can be

deployed in the event of biological, chem-ical and radiological threads. Aer a pri-vate meeting with families of the corps,Princess Anne concluded her visit by pre-senting the Regiment with e PrincessRoyal’s Banner, a new Colour which com-memorates the vital role the Medical Serv-ices have played in Canada’s recent oper-ations in Afghanistan since 2002.

Later that aernoon, she was greeted byLieutenant Governor David Onley andhis wife, Ruth Ann, at Queen’s Park for areception for participants in the Duke of Edinburgh’s Commonwealth LeadersCon ference and members of the RoyalVictorian Order Association of Canada.

“It is always a pleasure to be back inCanada,” the Princess Royal told the as-sembled audience. “All of these organiza-tions whichÉlink back to the royal family,the Queen, and in particular the Duke ofEdinburgh, it is really encouraging to seehow well they continue, how they haveadapted and moved on and have been sowell-supported.”

She noted the longevity of the Duke ofEdinburgh’s Study Conference in Canada– 57 years – and the 5,000 men and women

throughout the commonwealth who haveparticipated in the conference, who havebecome recognized leaders in their com-munities and organizations.

“I think one of the reasons it continuesis it is those who were at the beginning andhave experienced the conferences whohave been sufficiently impressed by thoseexperiences to want to go on giving backto the next generation of leaders throughtheir continued commitment and organ-izing the leadership development pro-grams,” Anne continued, noting she waslooking forward to the 2015 Canada-Caribbean Emerging Leaders’ Dialogue.

She also marvelled at the turnout ofmembers of the Royal Victorian Orderwho have contributed so much to themonarchy in Canada and welcomed thechance to “catch up.”

Her Royal Highness’ busy day in Tor -onto concluded with a private dinner formembers of the military, which raisedsome eyebrows in some quarters for dis-pensing both with the traditional toast tothe Queen and the Royal Anthem.

From Toronto, Her Royal Highnesscon cluded her most recent homecomingwith a packed two days of engagements inKingston, first in a public welcome to theCity hosted by the Mayor at Battery Park,a tour of the Garrison Gym Field House,where Her Royal Highness marked the110th anniversary of the Communicationsand Electronics Branch of the CanadianArmed Forces, to which she also presentede Princess Royal’s Banner; and thenended her tour with a visit to CFBKingston.

PRINCESS ROYAL’S FALL HOMECOMING TO CANADA

e Princess Royal arrives to visit the Lieu-tenant Governor and Mrs Onley at the vice-regal Suite, Queen’s Park. Her automobile fliesher personal Canadian Flag, used for the firsttime during her Homecoming.

e Princess Royal visits her troops at CFB Bor-den

Anne meets some members of Mercury Trek II, a team of 46 riders from CF Communications Branchwho cycled from Ottawa to Kingston and return in the spirit of the despatch riders of yesteryear andin support of the remarkable achievements of the communicators of the Royal Canadian Air Force,Royal Canadian Navy and the various regiments and branches of the Army.

In Kingston, the Princess Royal presents her Banner to mark the 110th anniversary of the Communi-cations and Electronics Branch of the Canadian Armed Forces

18 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

BRITISH COLUMBIAMarch 26 found the Hon Judith Gui-

chon join the Heiltsuk First Nation and theQqs (Eyes) Projects Society, opening thenew istalalh Memorial Library in BellaBella. e previous library in the commu-nity was badly damaged in a fire in July2013. e new library was built as an ini-tiative under the Lieutenant Governor’s lit-eracy program: e Write to Read Project,a partnership between the Government

House Foundation and the Rotary Clubsof District 5040 to assist in building co-operative relationships between urbangroups and rural First Nations communi-ties. Other libraries under e Write toRead Project have opened in Toosey FirstNation, Stone First Nation, Halalt First Na-tion and Old Masset in Haida Gwaii. Li-braries in Fort Rupert and Rivers Inlet arescheduled to open in April 2014. Her Ho-nour has issued a call for entries in the LG’s

Awards for Excellence in BC Wines, whichwill be adjudicated in June and presentedwhen Mrs Guichon visits wineries in July.

ALBERTAOn April 3 the Lieutenant Governor ad-

dressed the True Patriot Love Foundationat their Tribute Dinner in Calgary. Marchfound the LG’s Circle on Mental Health &Addiction hosting events in Edmontonand Calgary called “Ashamed: A Conver-sation about Addiction and Stigma.” OnFebruary 23rd, the Hon Donald Ethelljoined the Fung Loy Kok Institute of Tao-ism in hosting a Government House ban-quet to usher in the Year of the Horse.

SASKATCHEWANOn November 5, 2013, Saskatchewan

Lieutenant Governor Vaughn SolomonSchofield launched the Lieutenant Gover-nor’s Military Service Pin at GovernmentHouse in Regina. Joining the LieutenantGovernor at the launch were Saskatch -ewan Premier Brad Wall and CanadianChief of the Defense General Tom Lawson.“I created the pin to honour the courageousand capable men and women who haveserved in the Canadian Armed Forces.When they aren’t in uniform, many peoplesimply don’t know the sacrifices these Cana-dians have made in service to our country.”roughout Her Honour’s term, the Pin,which is intended for wear on civilianclothing, will be presented to individualswho have lived in Saskatchewan and haveserved in the Canadian Armed Forces.

Also eligible are Saskatchewan police offi-cers who have served in military opera-tions. An on-line application form and further information are available atwww.ltgov.sk.ca On April 14, Her Honourpresented the Pin to 59 members of Com-missionaires South Saskatchewan, formerCF and RCMP members “who continue toprovide valuable service in Canadian com-munities.”

MANITOBAe Hon Phillip S Lee’s April engage-

ments included presiding at the Installa-tion of the new Chancellor of St Paul’s Uni-versity, attending Volunteer Manitoba’s31st Awards Dinner and the DASCHFoundation’s 12th Annual Awards Lunch-eon, support at the Annual General Meet-ing and Conference of the Army CadetLeague of Manitoba and an April 13 visitto the Law Courts, where His Honour un-veiled portraits of former Chief Justices ofManitoba.

ONTARIOAt a March 26 Reception, Lieutenant

Governor David Onley paid tribute toCanadian Olympic and Paralympic Ath-letes returning home from Sochi. His Ho-nour’s March engagements also includedaddressing Professor Radha Persaud’s Po-litical Science class at Glendon College andhosting the 32nd Ontario’s Junior Citizensof the Year ceremony. In presenting theLieutenant Governor’s Community Vol-unteer Award to Dr Marcia Rioux on

VICE-REGAL ROUND-UPA small sampling of the many activities of The Queen’s Canadian representatives in the Provinces

Guichon to honour BC wineries... AB’s Ethell supports Addiction Stigma conversations... Military Service Pinspresented by SK LG Schofield... Mr Lee unveils judicial portraits in Winnipeg... David Onley welcomes athletes from

Sochi in ON.... M. Duchesne loue les personnes agées et jeunes avec son Medaille... NB’s Nicholas addressesAboriginal Spirituality conference... PEI LG chairing PEI 2014 celebrations... International Women’s Day marked byGeneral Grant in Halifax... The Fagans welcome volunteers and new Police Chief to Government House, St John’s

Governor General LaunchesMy Giving Moment CampaignMajor corporate partners enlisted –Rideau Hall Foundation established

His Excellency the Right Honourable David Johnston, Governor General of Cana-da, launched on November 4th My Giving Moment, a national multimedia campaignthat encourages Canadians to discover and seize their “giving moments” and thenact on them. is campaign, inspired by His Excellency, is part of an ongoing effortto foster Canadian giving and build a smarter and more caring nation.

“We are a country that cares and, as Canadians, it’s in our DNA to give,” said HisExcellency. “We have built communities based on neighbour helping neighbour. Bigor small, every gesture counts, because when we help in any way, we are liing someoneelse’s spirit. I hope that this campaign will encourage Canadians to find their own givingmoments and pass them on to others – whether in time, talent or money.”

My Giving Moment will encourage Canadians to give back to their communities,neighbours, charities and causes. To participate, Canadians are invited to visit thecampaign website at www.mygivingmoment.ca to share their personal “giving mo-ment” or to browse for ideas on how to give. Participants can also challenge othersand share their ideas on social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and In-stagram, by using the hashtag #givingmoment. e campaign will also feature tele-vision and online advertising as well as public relations initiatives.

Inspired by His Excellency’s vision, leaders from the corporate, community andmedia sectors have come together to support the campaign, partnering with theRideau Hall Foundation. ey all share the Governor General’s commitment to giv-ing as the key to creating a smarter and more caring Canada.

National Partners: BMO Financial Group, CGI, CIBC, Home Hardware, ManulifeFinancial, RBC, Scotiabank, TD Bank Group, TELUS and CBC/Radio-Canada

Supporting Partners: Deloitte, National Bank, Procter & Gamble, Target Canada,Tim Hortons, City and Shaw Media

About the Rideau Hall Foundation

e recently established Rideau Hall Foundation will amplify the scope and reachof the Governor General’s office as it connects, inspires and honours Canadians. Asan independent and non-political charitable organization the Foundation worksclosely with the Governor General’s office and other partners to cultivate initiativesto foster Canadians’ sense of values and identity, increase their potential for excel-lence, and strengthen their aspiration for a better country.

My Giving Moment is one of the Foundation’s first initiatives. Other initiativeswill follow as the Foundation evolves and mobilizes partnerships around inspiringideas and proposals.

(le to right) HH Judith Guichon opens the new istalah Memorial Library built as an initiative ofthe Lieutenant Governor of BC’s Read to Write literacy program. Le Lieutenant-gouverneur duQuébec, l’hon Pierre Duchesne, acceuil le Premier ministre du Québec, Pauline Marois, le 5 mars,lorsque Son honneur a accepté de convoquer des élections provinciales le 7 avril. Sherbrooke: SH

Pierre Duchesne rende hommage aux familles de donneurs d’organes et de tissus. Charlottetown: TheLieutenant Governor receives PEI 2014 CEO Paulette Soloman who holds the famous picture of theFathers of Confederation taken at Government House in 1864.

Baie-Comeau: le Lieutenant-gouverneur du Québec présente sa médaille aux personnes âgées et desjeunes qui inspirent leurs pairs.

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 19

March 20, Mr Onley paid tribute to her“indomitable spirit,” for working “to ad-vance the rights of persons with disabilities,”adding that thanks to her example, “thecause for universal accessibility will eventu-ally prevail.”

QUÉBECL’honorable Pierre Duchesne a assisté

à un événement unique à Sherbrooke enoctobre, dans son rôle du Patron d’une cé-rémonie d’hommage organisé par l’Asso-ciation canadienne de dons d’organe pourlouer les donneurs d’organes et de tissus enprésence de 199 membres de leur famille.During the Canada Day weekend in July,His Honour joined Gaspé residents at theMonument des Braves to commemoratethe service and sacrifice of Canadian sol-diers. Le 2 juin M. Duchesne et son épouseGinette Lamoureux étaient en Baie-Co-meau lorsque Son Honneur a présenté laMedaille du Lieutenant-gouverneur aux39 personnes – agées et jeunesse – qui éga-lement répresent une source d’inspirationpour leurs pairs.

NEW BRUNSWICKDuring the Fall, the Hon Graydon

Nicholas opened the new Law Courts inSaint John. A member of the Tobique FirstNation, His Honour addressed a confer-ence held at Montreal’s Concordia Univer-sity the last weekend of January. BeyondDream Catchers focused on Aboriginaleology and Spirituality. February alsofound Mr Nicholas bringing greetings toa Fredericton Conference on Youth, Men-tal Health and the Criminal Justice system.On March 27th, His Honour representedthe Governor General in investing scien-tific innovator Salem Mastry as a Memberof the Order of Canada.

PRINCE EDWARD ISLANDLieutenant Governor Frank Lewis has

been named Honorary Chairman of PEI2014, a year-long celebration of the Sesqui-centennial of the Charlottetown Confer-ence of 1864, a significant milestone on theroad to Canada’s creation, and remem-bered in the historic photo of the Fathersof Confederation posing on the steps ofGovernment House. e Fathers were en-tertained the first night of the Conferenceby the Hon George Dundas, the ColonialGovernor.

NOVA SCOTIAHis Honour General Grant continues

to welcome diverse groups to GovernmentHouse. March 7 found a celebration of In-ternational Women’s Day, while February24 saw presentations of the LieutenantGovernor’s Respectful Citizenship Award,honoring students for initiatives rangingfrom anti-bullying to creating communitygardens. On February 4, His Honour high-lighted African Heritage Month by hostinga youth panel on youth leadership andcommunity engagement.

NEWFOUNDLAND& LABRADOR

e Hon Frank Fagan and Her HonourMrs Patricia Fagan enjoyed a busy April,with events ranging from the investitureof Gen Rick Hillier to the Order of New-foundland and Labrador, to hosting recep-tions for Volunteer Week and in honour of

the new Chief of Police, and attending theShallaway Finale Concert for the Seasonat St John’s Arts and Culture Centre.

New Brunswick Lieutenant Governor Graydon Nicholas presides at the opening of the new CourtBuilding in Saint John

VICE-REGAL ROUND-UP

Accompanied by Premier Brad Wall and General Tom Lawson, Saskatchewan LG Vaughn Solomon Schofield presents the Lieutenant Governor’s Military Service Pin to Second World War Veteran DenisChisholm and Captain Gillian Dulle. Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan

Nova Scotia’s Lieutenant Governor with Respectful Citizen Award honorees and mentors

Some of Canada’s Paralympic athletes are welcomed home from Sochi by one of their leading sup-porters, Ontario Lieutenant Governor David Onley

Manitoba’s indefatigable vice-regal couple cele-brate the Year of the Horse

Alberta Lieutenant Governor Donald Ethell,with Her Honour Linda Ethell and ADC LindaRipley, attended the Valentine’s Gala in Edmon-ton this February – an event which raised morethan $300,000 for Edmonton Opera and Capi-talCare.

eir Honours the Lieutenant Governor ofNewfoundland & Labrador and Mrs Fagan en-joyed the Suncor Energy Big Band show at StJohn’s with vocalist Michelle Doyle and NSOConductor Martin MacDonald.

20 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

International Women’sDay: March 8, 2014

by Her Excellency Mrs. Sharon JohnstonIn celebration of International Women’s

Day, I would like to share experiences fromthe recent State visit to India that my hus-band, the Governor General, and I led,along with members of Parliament, andleaders from business, education, researchand civil society. A key theme of the visitwas entrepreneurship, with a special focuson the contributions of women and girls.

What is an entrepreneur? One of ourdelegates, the successful Canadian busi-nessman of Indian origin, Bob Dhillon,said an entrepreneur is someone whoswims upstream and doesn’t take no for ananswer. is certainly applies to thewomen entrepreneurs we met during theState visit. Whether for financial or socialreturn on investment, these women arehaving an incredible impact on their com-munities and showing the way for the de-velopment of their society through entre-preneurship. e values of entrepreneur-ship are universal and bind countries – likeIndia and Canada – together through mu-tual collaboration.

We met some amazing women entre-preneurs in India. For example, PriyankaGupta is a senior executive in a steel com-pany, in Mumbai. When she arrived, therewas only one other woman working in theentire company and the benefits were lack-ing. Now, almost half the workforce iswomen and their children receive free

medical care. Another woman we met,Meera Sanyal, was the CEO of an Indiansubsidiary of a major bank and is now run-ning for political office on an anti- corrup-tion platform. Yet another, Shradha Shar-ma, is the founder and CEO of India’s lead-ing online platform for first generationbusinesspeople, including 3 400 womenentrepreneurs. Women are helpingwomen to succeed.

But one of the most inspiring examplesof women social entrepreneurs was Manju,who leads APNE, a non-profit organiza-tion that works with the children of sexworkers to break the inter-generationalcycle of the sex trade. When the childrenfirst come to the program, they don’t smileand when asked what they want to bewhen they grow up, they say they want tobe a madam. Aer having access to edu-cation, proper nutrition and housing, theysing and play and want to be teachers, doc-tors and nurses. ree of the women whohave gone through the program have nowcompleted university studies and one has

begun her PhD. To me, this illustrates theworth of every human life. Manju certainlydoesn’t take no for an answer!

ese Indian women entrepreneurs re-mind me of many women who are work-ing to make our society in Canada better.I cite three women who have recently re-ceived the Order of Canada as examples ofsuccessful entrepreneurs who used thesuccess of their businesses to advance so-cial conditions for women and girls. LiseWatier, with her remarkable cosmetics em-pire of luxury products used worldwide,supports women and girls through herphilanthropy. Heather Reisman uses herbook- selling empire to develop youth lit-erary programs. And Monique Leroux,CEO of Caisse Desjardins, provides micro-financing to women in the developingworld.

David and I have five daughters, andthey certainly illustrate the point as well.ey work both professionally and as vol-unteers to improve the administration ofcriminal justice and human rights law inLatin America, to advance women intosenior executive positions, to encouragephysical fitness in women aer givingbirth, to improve health consciousness ingirls, and to develop a learning curriculumthat is inclusive of all children with chal-lenges.

Both in Canada and India, and else-where in the world, whether for social oreconomic returns or both, women entre-preneurs are making our world better. Isalute them on this International Women’sDay!

Moments and Reflections:Three Years asGovernorGeneral

by the Rt Hon David Johnston,Governor General of Canada

As Sharon and I look back on my threeyears as governor general, we are amazedat how quickly the time has gone by. In thattime, we have visited every corner of thiscountry and have seen the level of com-passion that Canadians have for one an-other.

I have participated in the Terry Fox Runwith children in the North. I have helped tobuild a Habitat for Humanity house in GlaceBay, Nova Scotia. I have honoured the citi-zens of Calgary for their service to othersduring the flooding this past summer. I havewitnessed examples of giving throughoutthis nation, on both large and small scales,of neighbour helping neighbour.

Moreover, I have seen the effect thatgiving has on communities.

I have always said that everyone hassomething to give, be it time, talent or re-sources. Whatever Canadians have given,whenever they have given, they have madethis a smarter, more caring nation.

Yet, as much good as I have seen, thereis still so much need as well.

From mental illness to poverty and somany other issues, Canadians are alreadytaking on a number of challenges. ey areleveraging the power of volunteerism andphilanthropy to enact change, to improvethe well-being of other Canadians.

Whether you help an entire communityor just one person, when you give, you aremaking this a better world.

Giving as a concept can describe somany different actions. It is quite broad inscope. But giving can be broken down intoindividual moments – moments of altru-ism from the heart, moments that we canall share with one another.

As Canadians have shared their storieswith me, I have in turn shared their storieswith others across the country and aroundthe world. In this way, I hope to inspireCan adians to discover what they have togive. Both Sharon and I look forward tothe next stage of my mandate, where wewill be connecting with Canadians in aspecial way to inspire them to think abouttheir giving moment.

Until then, we would like to thank eachand every Canadian who has helped tomake the past three years so special; we areexcited to share with you the next step ofour journey.

FROM RIDEAU HALLHer Excellency celebrates International Women’s Day as she recalls

the Vice-Regal couple’s recent State Visit to India

His Excellency reflects on his first three years as Governor General

LA REINE PARLE DUFOND DU COEUR19 résidents d’un foyer à l’Isle-Verte, Québec ont péri le 21janvier. En apprenant la nou-velle tragique, la Reine a écritun Message de sympathie deSandringham House:

QUEEN’S MESSAGE ONL’ISLE-VERTE TRAGEDY19 residents of a nursing homein L’Isle-Verte, Quebec per-ished on January 21st, mov-ing e Queen to write aMessage of Sympathy fromSandringham House:

eir Excellencies enjoy the Taj Mahal

e Governor General welcomed in the streetsof Mumbai during State Visit on March 1

HE Sharon Johnston meets with organizers and children of the Canada-India Foundation

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 21

Reflections by Robert Finch,Dominion Chairman

e purpose of this paper is to engagein reflection on the state of the League aswe approach its 45th birthday next Febru-ary, to examine its strengths and chal-lenges and to consider the way forward inthese twilight years of e Queen’s reign –may there be many more in health andhappiness.

STRENGTHS

e League enjoys wide respect withinrelevant circles in Ottawa and across Can -ada.

is stems from– our sheer longevity and persistence;– our maintaining a single and well-

defined focus;– our leadership seen as credible both

nationally and regionally;– our close relationship with the current

pro-monarchist government and senior

officials of state;– our deliberate building of relationships

with the opposition parties;– our maintaining an unwavering policy of

independence and non-partisanship,whereby we applaud positive accomplish-ments to promote Canadian identitythrough the Crown and decry missed op-portunities and acts hostile to the Crownregardless of source and party;

– our articulate, informed and reasonedspokesmen in media;

– our presence on the social media;– our demonstrated record of accomplish-

ment and “clout” as issues arise;– the helpful and authoritative nature of

our educational and other publicationsand resources;

– our emphasis on developing support forthe practical modern monarchy ratherthan encouraging a nostalgic view of yes-teryear’s pomp and ceremony;

– our realism in choosing our ground and

when to flex our muscles;– the steady progress of our outreach to

Que beckers and bilingualism of our ma-terials;

– a loyal membership base which is and isseen to be increasingly diverse;

– a band of dedicated active volunteers;– a fairly steady stream of bequests which

enable special projects to be under taken;– our maintaining the high ground and

good humour even with opponents ofthe Crown;

– a resolute refusal to have anything to dowith the “crank” elements and personsseeking to use the institution to advanceunrelated, personal and sometimeshighly-offensive agendas, who populatemany causes including, most unhelpful-ly, the Monarchy.

CHALLENGES

e League knows that its efforts are farfrom perfect!

Amongst the challenges we face are– developing a plan of action and policies

in respect to the inevitable Accession tothe rone of the Prince of Wales and tothe status of his Consort;

– building on our legal and academic baseof advisors both in general terms andspecifically, to overcome the Separatistchallenge to the Succession to therone Act 2013 – while maintaining theperspective that at least many decadesremain before the Act might come intoplay, and that the process for its unani-mous passage through Parliament is farless important that our underlining itsvigorous assertion of Canadian values;

– assuring that internal process-orienteddebates of small interest to most mem-bers and sympathizers never dominateour agenda;

– building a larger membership base inorder to fund greater activities and pres-ence throughout a large country;

– reaching out effectively to the major cul tural/linguistic/religious groups ofCanadians whose initial first language isneither English nor French and who re-flect the reality of Canada’s multiculturalsociety;

– recognizing that in today’s 24-hour andoen locally-driven news cycle, even themost local news can become nationalwith in seconds, building the role of ourregional coordinators and re-working therole of branches to be more conspicuouslyforward-looking, credibly led, known intheir communities, effective in recruitmentto cause and membership, well adminis-tered and above all, operating in accordwith the national League’s objectives –all to ensure that the League’s principalfranchise – its positive image – cannotbe threatened by inadvertent mis-speakingor determined “independence”;

– continuing to build and improve our so-cial media outreach especially by meansof an updated Bulletin Board and anever-livelier and more dynamic website;

– stirring the membership to personal ac-tion as opportunities arise to do so. Veryfew respond to important communiquésasking for input as to the next LieutenantGovernor of a Province, or suggest pro-grams that the League might execute inthe mid-term. Many quickly do respond,and with notable results, when a symbolof the Crown is threatened – we cite theRideau Hall portrait controversy in MmeJean’s time, the BC Ferries issue or anynumber of issues about the availabilityor offering of Royal-oriented postagestamps.

WAYS & MEANS

Dealing with the above matters, imple-menting new and revised programmes,tweaking our operations and emphases,will need much reflection by your Domin-ion Chairman, Directors, Regional Coor-dinators, my colleagues in branches andcontact groups and you our loyal mem-bers. I look forward to hearing your views.One element of the process is already inplace: revised League by-laws, as passedunanimously at a recent Annual GeneralMeeting, constitute one vehicle to assurethe League continues to be strongly ledand speak as with one voice on all mattersof significance.

By-Laws are written to provide a legalfoundation for an organization, and theLeague’s revision was only undertaken dueto the passage by Parliament of the newCanada Not-for-Profit Corporations Act;but they do not concern 99.9% of mem-bers whose focus is, rightly, the promotionof the League’s loyal outreach in a rationalway to Canadians. Very little will nowchange in the day-to-day operations of theLeague. However, with their passage byyour Directors and by Special Resolutionof the Annual Meeting of Members, the re-vision has provided an opportunity to ad-dress several matters of concern.

In a large and geographically-dispersedcountry such as Canada, any national or-ganization faces the concerns of a few par-ticularly sensitive members that “X” (thelocation of the head office and/or greatestconcentration of memberships) is un-aware of/insensitive to the concerns ofmembers who reside elsewhere. Of courseit is the duty of the regional coordinatorsand leadership of branches to allay suchconcerns and point out the many examplesof how the League, albeit a national organ-ization with national concerns and fo-cused on the fundamental institution ofnationhood, the Crown, has given voice tomembers’ concerns on a range of matters.

To cite in no particular order but a fewof the foregoing accomplished as a resultof the direct, and, oen, long-repeated rep-resentations by members:a) e acquiring of a Grant of Arms in-

cluding the unique distinction of theapproval of e Sovereign for the usetherein of two Royal Crowns;

b) e issuance of a League Flag for saleto and display by members;

c) e provision of a traveling displayunit for use at branch functions;

d) e appointment of Regional Domin-ion Vice-Chairmen (now known asRegional Coordinators) to oversee andrepresent the interests of branches andmembers in each region of Canada;

e) e bilingualization of many Leaguematerials, including the web site, andthe provision of an educational book-let in the French language;

f) e triennial Cost of the CanadianMonarchy survey;

g) e printing of members’ views inCanadian Monarchist News;

h) e development of a League BulletinBoard, Facebook, Twitter and similarsocial media facilities whereby mem-bers can express opinions and branch-es give notice of events, and reach awide and generally young demograph-ic of non-members;

i) e retention of new members’ feeswhen solicited by a branch, a provisionafforded during the last three years,with notable take-up by and resulting

THE ROYAL HOMECOMING IN MAY:Simple Outreach Projects for Every Reader

One Vivid Memory Can FosterA Lifetime Of Loyalty

e homecoming of the Prince of Wales and Duchess of Cornwall this comingMay is not only significant for those living in Manitoba, Nova Scotia and PrinceEdward Island, where TRH will carry out engagements, but for all Canadians.

Now is the time for each reader, and allmembers of the Monar- chist League of Canadawherever situated, to consider how to use thepresence of the Heir to the Canadian rone asan opportunity to reach out to the public and tobuild on the excitement of the tour, and its asso-ciated media coverage, as a “teachable moment”about our constitutional monarchy.

We all lead busy lives – so, as always, the KISM principle applies (Keep it simple,monarchists). Here are a few simple ideas for you to consider – don’t wait for some-one else to take the lead!1) Check out your local shopping mall’s rules for placing and manning an information

table representing the League for a day or two (a busy weekend during the touris probably best) that you would organize. e League can supply give-awayssuch as our educational booklets suitable for age 10 and up, the federal govern-ment’s Crown of Maples which is pitched towards teenagers and adults alike,postcards and of course pictures of e Queen. You come up with an attention-getting sign or poster (a great opportunity for a talented teen artist from yourfamily or friends) and your and some friends’ and/or family members’ presenceto welcome passers-by. If you do the ground work and would like a helpinghand, we can also – with your permission – notify local monarchists to contactyou and offer their assistance..

2) Why not suggest to community organizations – Legion, Rotary, Kiwanis, Scouts,Guides, faith groups and similar, many of which seek weekly speakers and pro-grams – that they turn a meeting in May towards a Royal theme and have aspeaker to link the visit to a brief expositionn of our Monarchy followed by aQ&A period. e League can assist you in preparing some remarks, or try tohelp to find a speaker.

3) Engage a young person in your family – to tweet (or use other social media)news of Charles and Camilla’s events and activities during the homecoming.

4) Stir up interest in the tour with a sympathetic local teacher or school principal,and encourage them to mouint displays, hold an assembly or otherwise markthe tour. e federal government will doubtless have a website with the itinerary,themes and many suggestions for involvement. Offer to supply the school withmaterials such as in the first suggestron above which the League can send.

5) Once the detailed program for the Royals is announced, if you live near whereany Royal event will take place, consider organizing a car or bus cavalcade offamily and friends to attend it together. As we note above, one vivid memorycan nurture a lifetime of loyalty. Our New Brunswick Branch is already con-sidering just such an outing. If you live in Saskatchewan or Western Ontario,a Manitoba trip might be in reach – and if you’re a Maritimer, think of the ex-citement of driving onto Prince Edward Island or enjoying scenic Nova Scotiaen route to a Royal engagement! Or a good excuse to take that ferry ride fromNewfoundland. that you’ve always wanted to experience.ese are just a few ideas. Doubtless you’ll have some additional ones. We’d

love to hear them, and to receive news of your plans to take up the challenge, andphotos of whatever projects you engage in to welcome our future Monarch andhis Consort back to the Maple Kingdom.

The Monarchist League of Canada at Forty-Four

continued on page 22

22 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

benefits to the New Brunswick, Ottawaand Victoria Branches.

To the foregoing the new By-Laws addsignificant provisions:a) e power given to the Dominion

Chairman and to the Board of Direc-tors to invite a guest or guests to havevoice at a Directors’ meeting;

b) e provision of regional representa-tion at any Special Meeting of Mem-bers;

c) e addition of Regional Coordinatorsto the voting membership.

d) We have a membership that generallyprefers to belong and to receive Leagueelectronic communiqués and printpublications. Only a small fraction areinterested in attending “activities” nomatter how well planned or attractiveby Dominion or a branch: this reflectsour times, and is the common experi-ence of social groupings seen in areas– to name but a few – ranging from de-clining church attendance to the strug-gle of the Legion, some MasonicLodges and many service clubs such asthe Kiwanis and Rotary, all admirableassociations, which find their tradi-

tional pattern of recruitment meetingsand communal activity difficult to sus-tain. us, for the League, the respon-sibility for making sure members arehappy and involved to whatever extentthey may wish, falls principally on thenational leadership, and not onbranches. Where well led, branchesconstitute a useful supplement to theLeague’s national mandate. Wherebadly led or difficult to sustain aer theloss of a dynamic leadership team, it isoen better that they be dis-estab-lished for a time rather than risk theirinadvertently giving a false impressionof a declining national organization.And where independently led, encour-aging the incorrect view that “I am amember of this Branch first and fore-most,” they threaten the fabric of theLeague, a situation no organizationcan tolerate. Unlike some organiza-tions which are little more than a looseconfederation of local groupings, andthereby neither designed to be nor ef-fective as a “national” voice, the Leaguehas always been, and will continue tobe a national organization which en-courages local activity where desirable

and in line with expectations that arenow even more clarified;

us the by-laws provide more detailedprovisions for Branches and members,inter alia,– ensure that your League will always

speak with one voice, the better to carryout its effective achievements of whichwe are all so proud, and as it has overmore than four decades and particularlynow in an era when all news is potential-ly national news;

– make it even more clear that branchesoperate by permission of the League andthat its Chairman and/or officers are ap-proved by the Dominion Chairman andits affairs directed by the League whileallowing maximal flexibility to branchesof proven ability and effective organiza-tion to run their practical day-to-day op-eration;

– provide that your local branch, and any-one speaking on behalf of the League,must publicly support League policies;

– direct that any renewal fee you pay viayour branch (which we do not recom-mend for their own sake as well as yours,especially as direct payment is now easilyavailable online via the League Store)

must be forwarded to Dominion HQwithin one week to avoid delays and theirritation and expense of an unnecessaryduplicated solicitation;

– ensure that branches not engage in sign-ing leases or making other commitments(that could rebound upon local mem-bers) without the approval of DominionHeadquarters.

ONWARDS

e League is well-positioned as itheads towards its Golden Anniversary in2020. If you think that is distant as we’re“only” in the first third of 2014, just castyour mind six years back to 2008 – theChina Olympics, the terrorist attacks inMumbai, the election of Barrack Obamaand the Russia- Georgia War – not to men-tion the world financial crisis. ey don’tseem so very far away, do they?

I look forward to your response andcontinued support as, together, we headtowards 2020 having accomplished manygood things as suggested in these reflec-tions, and seeing the Canadian Crowneven more strongly entrenched in theminds of all our people who constitute theever-evolving Canadian identity.

continued from page 21

Réflexions de Robert Finch,Président national

Le but de ce texte est de porter quelquesréflexions à propos de la situation actuellede la Ligue, alors qu’elle célébrera bientôtson 45e anniversaire et à examiner sesforces, ses défis et la voie à suivre durantces années de crépuscule du règne de laReine. Puisse-t-il y avoir beaucoup plus desanté et de bonheur à venir.

FORCES

La Ligue bénéficie d’un grand respectde la part d’importantes organisations àOttawa et partout ailleurs au Canada.

Cette situation découle :– De notre longévité et notre persistance;– Du maintient d’un seul objectif bien dé-

fini;– De notre leadership considéré comme

crédible tant au niveau national que ré-gional;

– De notre relation étroite avec le gouver-nement pro-monarchiste actuel et avecde hauts fonctionnaires de l’État;

– De la construction délibérée de bonnesrelations avec les partis de l’opposition;

– De notre maintien d’une politique iné-branlable d’indépendance et d’impartia-lité, de sorte que nous nous félicitons desréalisations que nous avons accompliesafin de promouvoir l’identité canadiennede tout un chacun par biais de la Cou-ronne. De plus, nous dénonçons les oc-casions manquées et les actes hostiles àla Couronne indépendamment de laprovenance de ceux-ci;

– De nos talentueux porte-paroles dans lesmédias, informés et motivés;

– De notre présence sur les médias so-ciaux;

– De notre liste d’accomplissements bienreconnus qui, lorsque des questions seposent au sujet de la Couronne, nouspermettent d’émettre une opinion recon-nue qui sera considérée;

– De la nature utile et éducative de nos pu-blications pédagogiques et des autresressources;

– De notre accent sur le développement dusoutien de la monarchie moderne plutôtque d’encourager une vision nostalgiqueet dépassée de celle-ci, souvent représen-tée par les cérémonies d’antan;

– De notre réalisme dans le choix de nos

objectifs et du moment opportun pouragir en ce sens;

– De notre approche progressive pour lesQuébécois et de l’augmentation du bilin-guisme dans les communications auxmembres et dans nos différentes publi-cations;

– D’un cœur de membres fidèles extrême-ment diversifié;

– D’un petit groupe de bénévoles actifs etdévoués;

– D’un flux plutôt stable de suggestions quipermettent d’entreprendre plusieursprojets spéciaux;

– De notre volonté à maintenir et à défen-dre nos convictions, avec fierté et hu-mour, même devant des opposants à laCouronne;

– D’un refus définitif à n’entretenir aucunerelation avec des personnes qui cher-chent à utiliser notre institution afin defaire avancer leurs intérêts indépen-dants, personnels et parfois très offensifsqui engendrent de nombreux problèmeset qui causent préjudice à la monarchie.

DÉFIS

La Ligue sait que ses efforts sont loind’être parfaits!

Les défis auxquels nous sommesconfrontés sont:– L’élaboration d’un plan d’action et de po-

litiques en prévision de l’ascension autrône inévitable du prince de Galles ainsique du futur statut de sa conjointe;

– Le renforcement de notre base juridiqueet académique de conseillers pour sur-monter les défis que la Loi du la succes-sion au Trône de 2013 implique, tout engardant à l’esprit qu’il s’écoulera plus de20 ans encore avant que cette loi puisseentrer en vigueur. Nous devons nousrappeler que le processus de son adop-tion à l’unanimité par le Parlement estbeaucoup moins important que le sou-tient vigoureux des valeurs canadiennesengendrées par cette loi;

– De s’assurer que les débats internes quiont peu d’intérêt pour la plupart desmembres et des sympathisants ne domi-nent pas sur nos objectifs communs;

– D’élargir la famille de nos membres afinde financer plus d’activités et d’améliorernotre présence dans notre vaste pays;

– D’atteindre efficacement les grands

groupes linguistiques et culturels des Ca-nadiens dont la première langue n’est nil’anglais ni le français, ce qui reflète laréalité de la société multiculturelle duCanada;

– De reconnaître qu’en moins de 24 heures,mêmes les nouvelles les plus locales peu-vent prendre une ampleur nationale. Parconséquent, mieux définir le rôle de noscoordinateurs régionaux et des diffé-rentes filiales de la Ligue est une prioritépour être plus visible, crédible et connudans les communautés. Nous devonsêtre plus efficaces dans le recrutement denouveaux membres ainsi que dans les re-nouvellements, ceci tout en ayant unesaine administration et, surtout, de fonc-tionner en accord avec les objectifs de laLigue au niveau national afin de veillerà ce que la franchise principale de laLigue, et son image positive, ne puisseêtre menacée par erreur ou par inadver-tance lorsque l’on doit se prononcer surl’« indépendance »;

– Continuer à développer et à améliorernotre communication via les médias so-ciaux, notamment par l’intermédiaire du« Bulletin Board » qui a été mis à jour etd’un site web toujours plus vivant et plusdynamique;

– Augmenter la participation des mem-bres lorsqu’ils ont l’occasion favorable departiciper aux changements. En effet,très peu répondent aux communiquésimportants, par exemple, lorsqu’il estexigé d’émettre son opinion concernantla nomination du successeur du Lieute-nant-gouverneur d’une province ou en-core de suggérer des projets dans les-quels la Ligue pourrait s’engager à moyenterme. Par contre, énormément de mem-bres réagissent rapidement, et avec desrésultats notables, aussitôt qu’un sym-bole de la Couronne est menacé, parexemple, lors de la polémique concer-nant le portrait à Rideau Hall à l’époquede madame Jean, ou encore lors de pro-blèmes quant à la disponibilité de tim-bres représentants la Couronne.

VOIES ET MOYENS

Afin de travailler sur les points précé-dents, la mise en œuvre des nouveaux pro-grammes et la planification d’activités àvenir demandera un effort de réflexion de

la part de tous, président, directeurs, coor-donnateur régional, administrateurs desdifférentes filiales, groupes près de la Ligueet vous, nos fidèles membres. J’ai h‚te d’en-tendre vos opinions que vous me partage-rez par courriel. Un élément du processusest déjà en place: la révision des règlementsde la Ligue, adoptée à l’unanimité lors dela récente assemblée générale annuelle.Cela assure que la Ligue continue d’êtrefortement représentée et qu’elle affiche uneopinion forte et constante lorsque desquestions importantes sont soulevées etque l’on doit se prononcer sur celles-ci.

Nos règlements existent afin de fournirune base juridique pour l’organisation. Larévision de ceux-ci par Ligue a été effec-tuée uniquement en raison de l’adoptionpar le Parlement de la nouvelle loi cana-dienne sur les organismes à but non lucra-tif, mais cette révision ne concerne prati-quement aucun de nos membres dont l’ob-jectif est, à juste titre, la promotion de lasensibilisation rationnelle de la place de laCouronne pour les Canadiens. Il est ànoter que très peu de changements serontaux affaires journalières. Cependant, pro-fitant de la présence des directeurs et ad-ministrateurs et, par résolution spéciale del’assemblée annuelle des membres, la révi-sion a été l’occasion d’aborder plusieurspréoccupations.

Dans un pays aussi vaste et dispersécomme le Canada, chaque organisationnationale face aux préoccupations dequelques membres provenant de régionsparticulières ne tient pas compte des in-quiétudes des membres qui résident ail-leurs, par exemple, de l’emplacement dusiège social ou d’une plus grande concen-tration de l’adhésion. Bien sûr, il est du de-voir des coordonnateurs régionaux et desdirigeants des filiales de dissiper ces préoc-cupations et de souligner les nombreuxexemples o˘ les membres ont pu exprimerleur opinion sur un éventail de questionsconcernant la Ligue, une organisation na-tionale avec des préoccupations nationaleset axées sur l’institution fondamentale dela nation.

Pour citer, sans ordre particulier, quel -ques éléments ayant été soulevés lors de larencontre en question:a) La concession d’emblèmes héral-

La ligue à quarante-quatre ans

suite à la page 23

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 23

diques, y compris la distinction uniquede l’approbation du Souverain pourl’utilisation de couronnes royales surcelles-ci;

b) La disponibilité d’un drapeau de laLigue en vente à tous les membres;

c) La disposition d’affiches de promotionà toutes les filiales de la Ligue;

d) La désignation de coordonnateurs ré-gionaux afin de superviser et de repré-senter les intérêts des filiales et lesmembres de chaque région du Canada;

e) Le bilinguisme de nombreuses publi-cations de la Ligue, y compris le siteWeb et la disponibilité d’un livret pé-dagogique en langue française;

f) Le coût de la publication du journaltriennal de la Ligue;

g) L’ajout d’opinions de certains membresdans les publications de notre éditiondes Nouvelles monarchiques du Ca-nada.

h) L’établissement d’un bulletin d’infor-mations périodique sur Facebook,Twitter et autres médias sociaux simi-laires sur lesquels les membres et les fi-liales peuvent exprimer leurs opinionset leurs avis à propos des événements,en plus de créer une excellente visibi-lité pour la Ligue, en particulier chezles jeunes;

i) La retenue par chacune des filiales lorsde l’adhésion d’un nouveau membrelorsque celui-ci a été sollicité par la fi-liale, une disposition qui a été implan-tée au cours des trois dernières annéeset qui apporte d’excellents résultats,particulièrement dans les filiales duNouveau-Brunswick, d’Ottawa et deVictoria.

Ces points ont entrainés l’acceptationdes nouveaux règlements suivants:a) Le pouvoir est donné au Président et

au Conseil d’administration d’inviterun ou plusieurs invités afin d’entendreleurs opinions lors des réunions avecle Président.

b) La possibilité que les représentants ré-gionaux soient présents lors de touteassemblée extraordinaire des mem-bres;

c) Le droit de vote est accordé aux coor-donnateurs régionaux;

d) Nos membres préfèrent généralementrecevoir les communiqués de la Ligueélectroniquement et en version impri-mée. Seule une petite fraction desmembres sont intéressés à participer àdes activités organisées par la Ligue oupar les filiales, quelles soient bien pla-nifiées ou attrayantes. Cela reflètenotre époque. C’est d’ailleurs ce que vi-vent de nombreuses associations tellesque, pour n’en nommer que quelques-unes, allant de la baisse fréquentationde l’église à la lutte de la Légion et cer-taines loges maçonniques, de nom-breux clubs de services tels que Kiwa-nis et Rotary, tout et chacune de ces as-sociations admirables qui trouventleur modèle traditionnel de réunionscommunautaires et leur recrutementdifficile à maintenir. Ainsi, pour laLigue, la responsabilité de s’assurer queles membres sont heureux et impliquésautant qu’ils le souhaitent, tombe prin-cipalement sur le leadership nationalet non pas sur les filiales. Lorsque bienadministrées, les différentes filialesconstituent un complément utile aumandat national de la Ligue. Parcontre, lorsque mal administrées oulorsqu’elles sont affectées par la perted’un membre important, une fausseimpression de faiblesse de la Ligue auniveau national peut être répandue.Par conséquent, il est souvent préféra-

ble que ces chefs soient en poste pourune durée prescrite. De plus, lorsqueces filiales sont administrées indiffé-remment, encourageant une vision er-ronée comme « Je suis membre de cettedirection d’abord et avant tout », cesmembres menacent le cœur de laLigue, une situation qu’aucune orga-nisation ne peut tolérer contrairementà certaines organisations qui ne sontguère plus qu’une confédération degroupements locaux et, de ce fait, ellesne sont pas efficaces et ne peuventémettre une voix nationale à l’unisson.La Ligue a toujours été et continuerad’être une organisation nationale quiencourage l’activité locale lorsque sou-haitable et lorsqu’en lien avec les ob-jectifs nationaux, des objectifs clairs etprécis.

Ainsi, les règlements adoptés permet-tent aux filiales d’avoir à leur dispositiondes services plus précis comme, entre au-tres:– Veiller à ce que votre Ligue parlera tou-

jours d’une voix unique afin de mieuxutiliser les différentes réalisations ac-complies dont nous sommes tous si fierset comme nous le somme déjà depuisplus de quatre décennies, particulière-ment aujourd’hui, à une époque o˘toutes les nouvelles ont le potentiel dedevenir d’intérêt national;

– Rendre le fonctionnement et le rôle dechacune des filiales encore plus clairsavec l’autorisation de la Ligue et de sonPrésident ou de l’un des représentantsapprouvés par le celui-ci. Durant cetemps, le Président de la Ligue peut rem-plir ses fonctions principales tout en per-mettant une flexibilité maximale aux fi-liales qui ont prouvé leur capacité à gérer,organiser et administrer leur organisa-tion de façon efficace et pratique au jour

le jour;– Prévoir que votre filiale locale et toute

personne s’exprimant au nom de la Liguepubliquement doivent soutenir les poli-tiques de la Ligue;

– Ordonner que tout l’argent provenant devotre renouvellement payé à votre filiale(que nous ne recommandons pas, d’au-tant plus que le paiement direct est main-tenant facilement disponible en ligne viale site web de la Ligue) doit être transmisau siège social de la Ligue dans un délaid’une semaine afin d’éviter les retards, lesirritations et les frais d’une double solli-citation inutile;

– Veiller à ce que les filiales ne signentaucun contrat quelconque ou ne pren-nent aucun autre engagement, ce quipourrait porter préjudice aux membreslocaux, sans l’approbation du siège socialde la Ligue.

AVENIR

La Ligue est bien placée alors qu’elle sedirige vers son Jubilé d’Or en 2020. Si vouscroyez que cela est bien loin de nous, en cedébut d’année 2014, vous n’avez qu’à vousremémorer 2008, les Jeux olympiques deChine, les attaques terroristes à Mumbai,l’élection de Barack Obama et la guerreRussie-Géorgie, sans parler de la crise fi-nancière mondiale. Ils ne semblent pas siloin, non?

Je me réjouis de votre soutien continuet de votre réponse alors qu’ensemble nousnous dirigeons vers 2020 après avoir ac-compli beaucoup de grandes choses, tellesque relatées dans ces réflexions. De plus,voir la Couronne canadienne encore plusfortement ancrée dans les esprits de tousnos gens, cela constitue la constante évo-lution de l’identité canadienne.

suite de la page 22

We sometimes ask you to considermaking a donation to the League’s funds;but this appeal is no less vital: we need spe-cific talents of our diverse membership toassist with projects planned for 2014. Asyou will read elsewhere in this issue ofCMN, one of these is already underway,with a Succession Committee of volunteermembers aided by distinguished advisorsconsidering important issues which mightarise around the time when Charles ac-cedes to the Canadian rone.

If you feel you have some of the skillsand interests which could help in any ofthe below-listed endeavours, and might beinterested in working (mostly via electron-ic communication) with some other con-genial monarchists, please let us knowabout yourself and the specific skills set orinterest which you would bring to thetask(s) at hand.

For now, most of these items do not askfor a firm commitment on your part – butan expression of interest in some of thework we plan to launch during the next sixmonths as time and funds permit.

ank you for your consideration!

RECRUITING FLYER REVISION

e League’s basic colour flyer providesbasic facts about the Canadian Crown andour work. It is used to respond to queriesabout membership, and its main distribu-tion is at fairs, exhibitions, display tablesand similar events where the League has abooth or table (Toronto’s Word on the

Street, for example). e current flyer’s pic-tures are dated, it is unlingual and its de-sign needs freshening.. We will providebilingual text, but need members withgraphic design experience (maybe push-ing the box out of our normal comfortzone) to make the flyer leap out at prospec-tive members. If you want a copy just letus know.

LIVRET ÉDUCATIF EN FRANÇAIS:COMMISSION DE RÉVISION

DE TEXTEFRENCH EDUCATIONAL

BOOKLET: TEXT REVISIONCOMMITTEE

La première édition du livret pédago-gique en Français de la Ligue devront bien-tôt être réimprimé. Nous avons une listede maladresses dans la langue: des yeuxplus critiques sur le texte permettra d’amé-liorer l’exactitude des informations dans lalangue, mais aussi des images.

Mais en plus, nous pouvons utiliser lapossibilité de rendre le texte encore mieuxet plus convaincante à ses lecteurs, engrande partie dans la Province de Québecet éventuellement, remplacer certainesimages. Pour ce projet, nous recherchonsdes membres qui sont des écrivains delangue Français avec une connaissancefine du Québec contemporain. Commedans toutes les langues, experts “discutent”(certains diront même se battre comme leschats et chiens) sur la meilleure utilisationpossible. Si ce n’est pas un travail pour les

timides!e first edition of the League’s French

language educational booklet will soonneed to be reprinted. We have a list of in-felicities in the language – and a few moreeyes will only improve its accuracy. Butmore, we can use the opportunity to makethe text even better and more convincingto its readers, largely in the Province ofQuébec, and possibly, substitute some im-agery. For this project we’re looking formembers who are native French lan-guage writers with a keen knowledge ofcontemporary Québec. As in every lan-guage, experts “discuss” (some might sayargue or even fight like cats and dogs) overbest use. So this is not a work for the timid!

LEAGUE WEB SITE REVISION

e League’s website is our primarypublic presence, and the origin of 90% ormore of our new members. We will betweaking its text, with which we are largelyhappy,.and will appreciate suggestions fornew sections or materials from all mem-bers who can take the time to read itthoroughly. But what we want to concen-trate on is its architecture and “look” – afreshening, a less dense mass of type, newgraphic design. So we’re looking for mem-bers with experience in web design.

MEMBERS WITH SPECIFICEXPERIENCES WILLING

TO SPEAK TO MEDIA

e Dominion Chairman works with a

team of seasoned spokesmen to do “royalcommentary” and enunciate League pol-icy on monarchical issues of the day. Whatwe lack – and what media oen ask for aspart of the “colour commentary” which in-evitably forms so great a portion of theircoverage – is a register of members withspecific experiences of/encounters withthe Royals and willing to talk to print re-porters, do a radio interview by phoneor appear on camera. While we hope suchindividuals would be sane and reasonable(most of us seem to be!) they would bespeaking as individuals, and not on theLeague’s behalf. Specifically, we anticipaterequests for – folk who have had a mem-orable moment with Charles and/orCamilla, and down the road – may it bemany years – members who attended thelast Coronation festivities at home or inLondon, who were present at an Acces-sion Proclamation at home or in the UKin 1952, who have had memorable en-counters with e Queen or PrincePhilip, who benefited from the Duke ofEdinburgh’s Award Scheme in Canadaand so forth. If you can speak to any of theforegoing, please let us know so we cancompile a register rather than rushing tolocate people in the midst of a RoyalHome coming or other event.

We have many more projects and ideas– but the above will give you some ponder,and hopefully, provide the League with ac-cess to new talents and ideas.

CALLING ALL MEMBERS! – APPEL À TOUS LES MEMBRES!

2014 Monarchist League Projects Need Your TalentsQuelques projets de la ligue demandent vos talents

24 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

LEAGUE NOTES – BABILLARD DE LA LIGUEBARRY MacKENZIE APPOINTEDATLANTIC COORDINATOROn March 12, Chair-man Finch announc -ed the appointment ofNew Bruns wickBranch ChairmanBarry MacKenzie asthe League’s RegionalCoordinator for At-lantic Canada.

While retaininghis role in New Bruns -wick, Barry’s now assumes a new respon-sibility as the senior League Officer in thefour Atlantic provinces. In this capacity, hegives Chairman Finch good advice, speaksto media and considers opportunities toexpand our work into Prince Edward Is-land, resume a League presence in New-foundland & Labrador and encourage theefforts of our existing three branches inNova Scotia and New Brunswick.

Barry was born and raised in the Mira -michi River Valley where a love and re-spect for the monarchy was passively in-stilled in him by his paternal grandparents.He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (FirstClass Honours) from St. Francis XavierUniversity in Antigonish in 2007. In 2009,he received a Master of Arts degree fromthe University of New Brunswick, at whichinstitution he is currently completing aDoctorate, with a research focus on thehistory of Royal Tours of New Brunswick.Outside of the League, he is also a memberof the Knights of Columbus, the Mira -michi Highland Society, the NB ScottishCultural Association, the Clan Mac KenzieSociety of Canada, the Irish Canadian Cul-tural Association of NB, and the York-Sunbury Historical Society. He is also anactive genealogist. He was awarded theQueen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2012.Most importantly, he is the husband ofMarielle and father to Henry (who is soonto be joined by a little brother or sister).

e Chairman concluded his e-mes-sage to Maritime members by stating, “Iknow you will all want to congratulateBarry on assuming this important role, andpass on to him any information whereby theLeague could find new opportunities inloyal Atlantic Canada.”

Barry may be contacted at chair-man@monarchistnb.ca

BREEN WILKINSONNAMED SUMMER INTERNTO ONTARIOLIEUTENANT GOVERNOR

Although he will com -mence his service inmid-April, Breen Wil -k inson, 20, has beennamed the League’s‘Summer’ Intern in theOffice of His Honour,the Lieutenant Gov-ernor of Toronto atQueen’s Park. An On-tario Scholar, now on

the Dean’s Honour Roll at Trinity College,University of Toronto, Breen is pursuinga double major in History and English.He hails from Stratford, well known ashome of the Summer Shakespeare Festivalwhere he has worked for the last foursummers as a bartender and then leadusher. He also gained experience as aMarketing and Promotional Assistant forthe Stratford Garlic Festival. In his sparetime he is an avid hockey player and activeYoung Liberal. Breen partly comes by his

loyalty through his family. In his letter ofapplication he wrote that “As the son of anow former Member of Provincial Parlia-ment, I grew up in a family acutely awareof the Legislature, its role and that of theLieutenant Governor. I know of the highregard that all Members have toward theLieutenant Governor. Watching my fathersworn in as an Ontario Cabinet Ministerby His Honour was a very special day forour family.” CMN wishes him well as hejoins his 16 predecessors in serving eQueen in Right of Ontario – a specialdistinction indeed!

LEAGUE MESSAGE BOARDMIGRATES TO MAIN WEBSITE

Mid-April finds the League enhancingmembers’ participation in its MessageBoard which has now been “broughthome” via the website at www.monar-chist.ca instead of being operated byBoardhost, a commercial operation whichhas hosted the Board for many years. enew board allows for various categories ofmessages, each of which will continue tobe moderated so as to ensure interestingcontent and lively debate without the in-trusion of spammers and commercials. Itwill also save the League some $400 a year,money better spent on promoting thecause. e new Board was facilitated byWebmaster Borden Rhodes.

HEREWARD ROY SENIOR1918-2013Many members of theMonarchist Leaguewill remember “Wake”Senior as a kindly andsupportive figure, pri-marily in the first tenyears of the League’sexistence, although hisinvolvement spanneddec ades during whichhe served as MontrealBranch Chairman at a time of virulentSeparatism and nationalist fervor whenthe League’s outreach to francophones, regrettably but perhaps inevitably, wasminimal.

His was the soul of an academic, withmore than a touch of the absent-mindedprofessor; indeed he is held in affectionateremembrance by the more serious of hisstudents at Memorial University of New-foundland, CMC Royal Roads and theUniversity of Toronto, which was followedby a long tenure as Professor of History atMcGill University (1963-2005) with his re-search and writings focused on militaryhistory, Canadian Loyalism, Orangeismand the Fenians.

Even the less-studious of his pupils re-spected him: One rated him with the can-dour of youth, “Great prof, slightly hard tounderstand (dude, he’s at least 80!) can re-cite thousands of years of history from memory. Lectures are interesting, hearingWWII described by someone who was ac-tually there is fascinating... also a very fairmarker, few readings. Take his class, it’sworth it.” Another, taking Wake’s War &Society course in his final semester ofteaching understood admiringly that, “Hewas there for most of it.”

As his friend and collaborator ArthurBousfield wrote, “Hereward Senior’s pub-lic image was synonymous with the causeof monarchy. As a general historian, bythen a rare enough type of scholar, he un-derstood the importance of monarchy inhuman experience. Coming to Canada as

an outsider from the United States gavehim a more objective understanding ofmonarchy’s role in this country’s historyand in the shaping of Canadian identityand nationality. ‘Canadian history itselfwould be subversive in a republican Cana-da’, he oen joked. As for constitutionalconsiderations, he maintained ‘Making anelected president chief of state is like givingthe office of referee to the captain of thestrongest team’.

“As an academic Hereward Senior’s realinterest in people and the pleasure he tookin encouraging students to expand theirviews made him an influential professor.rough his lectures and his writings hecreated a kind of school of monarchy.Young people from the generations ex-posed to his views in sessions at McGill, inhis unfailingly hospitable home or throughhis books and articles now frequent thecorridors of power. His well articulatedroyalist position gained wider exposurethrough the magazine Monarchy Canadafor which he wrote regularly from 1975 to1998. His articles, columns and reviewsfrom its pages together with those of hislate wife Professor Elinor Kyte Senior werecollected and published in 2009 as In De-fence of Monarchy.

“...another strain he... found integral tothe country he adopted and took up armsin defence of in World War Two [Wake

served in the Stormont, Dundas and Glen-garry Highlanders in France, Holland andGermany]; for along with Hereward Se-nior’s royalism went a love of French civil-isation. His most important influence onthe Monarchist League was to get theLeague to take a positive stand on FrenchCanada about which it had not in thosefirst days made up its mind He won his bat-tle and the League embraced what wasthen known as B and B – bilingualism andbiculturalism.”

Deeply conservative in mien as he wasagile in thought, yet full of physical energyfor the greater part of the considerableyears given to him, Wake Senior enjoyedfencing with the same zest as he deploredwhat he considered the Anglican Church’sabandonment of its Catholic Faith. A wid-ower (Elinor, herself an academic and anintense Right-to-Life activist, had died in1989) and concerned father, he cherishedhis children, his loyalty and his God. Whatbetter could be written of any of us? JLA

GWENDOLYN FLORENCESERVICE 1915-2013

Many long-time members of theLeague in the Greater Halifax region willremember with affection the dedicationand loyalty of Gwen Service, who assistedthe Branch in many ways, most especiallyduring the chairmanship of her friend

Barry MacKenzie

Breen Wilkinson

Hereward Senior

LEAGUE MEMBERS’ SURVEY RESULTSby Robert Finch, Dominion Chairman

In January, I sent a survey to all League members who have email. We receivedwell over 200 replies, a sufficient sample to allow us to see trends and a broad swathof members’ opinions, which I am now going to summarize briefly.

As I wrote in January, we recognize that no survey such as this is “scientific” –especially since in a busy world it is generally true that the responders who are par-ticularly critical, and to a lesser extent, particularly enthusiastic, will be over-represented as compared to the “average” member who we sense is pleased with theLeague’s efforts, happy to read its publications and to see it in the news and not particularly interested in becoming more involved in its operations. As well, whilesome 75- 80% of members supply us with email addresses, those without them maysometimes feel less involved and enthusiastic, especially as the League’s move tomore electronic communication given its efficiency, time-saving and above all, costfactors given the recentlt-announced postal rate hike.

Summary of findings:

a) e greatest number of respondents had been League members for 10 years ormore, or less than two years; were male by a 3-2 ratio; and were either age 16-25 or over 50.

b) e main reason for joining the League was, overwhelmingly, hearing a Leaguespokesman via traditional media, and through its website and social media pres-ence. Retaining membership was due to members’ liking to belong, admiringthe effectiveness of the League and its sticking to one issue. However, few hadever solicited memberships from others.

c) Members are generally satisfied with the League’s operations, except – to oursurprise – with our presence on the Internet and social media. From the specificcomments received we believe that criticism is focused on the dense appearanceand non-interactive nature of the website. Accordingly, we have engaged our-selves to beginning an overhaul this summer.

d) Comments on Canadian Monarchist News, the League publication, were all overthe map, most likely reflecting the declining importance of print media in anincreasingly-electronic communications world. e League is committed tomaintaining CMN and a supply of recruiting and informational print materialto supplement its on-line profile.

e) e new League Store online met with near-universal approval.f) Views on branches understandably varied according to perceptions of the local

unit. ere was a general feeling that branches were weak when they focusedon “meetings for meetings sake” and, in general, that they need to concentratemore on outreach than on making the already-convinced “feel good”; and thatthey should try harder to support the programs and policies of the League. How-ever, well over 80% of respondents had no involvement with their local branchand were not interested in participating in activities.

ank you for providing my colleagues and I with a most useful overview of yourperceptions of our activities. We feel very affirmed by most of your responses andcomments, and intend to act to improve where you have found shortcomings. Astime permits, I will continue to reply on some specific matters to those who askedme to do so.

Elizabeth Horlock. Born in London, sheentered medical school at the Royal FreeHospital in an era when this was still veryrare for women, graduating with Honoursin Tropical Medicine. At that time she wasan avid oarsman in a “four” and an avidtennis player. Working in the casualty unitof East Surrey Hospital, she treated manyCanadian soldiers, of whom one becameher husband, Sgt Raymond Service. 1946brought the young couple to Halifax viae Queen Mary. 10 years later she re-en-tered the medical field and was instrumen-tal in research which led to the innocula-tion against Tuberculosis of thousands ofschool children. Subsequently Gwenworked at the Dalhousie University Med-ical Centre, at the Nova Scotia Institute ofTechnology and finally, as an instructor inin a medical secretarial course. She com-pleted her medical involvement by servingas a volunteer at the IWK Hospital for SickChildren. Her son Nigel was also a Leaguemember, and had the rare privilege of serv-ing as a driver in the entourage of HRHPrince Michael of Kent when he visitedHalifax during Golden Jubilee year. Mod-est in mien as she was formidable in intel-lect, may Gwen’s life of devoted service toothers inspire us all. JLA

BRANCH NEWSNEW BRUNSWICK

On the heels of a busy summer in 2013celebrating the 60th anniversary of theQueen’s Coronation, the New BrunswickBranch was pleased to be part of a tremen-dously successful celebration in honour ofthe birth of Prince George of Cambridge.In partnership with one of the province’smost active chapters of the Women’s Insti-tute, the League organized and executed aRoyal Baby Celebration in the picturesquecountry community of Codys, QueensCounty, during which $1,500 was raised insupport of the Providence Orphanage inBenin, West Africa. e funds raised havegone towards the first year of a university

education for one of the young men whogrew up in the Orphanage. While thatamount might not go far at a Canadian in-stitution, it will pay almost the total costof a year’s education for this young man,who, we hope, might go on to do greatthings for the people of his country.

Aer several new faces joined the ex-ecutive team at the Annual General Meet-ing, the Branch commenced plans for2013-2014, which have so far included ourannual Accession Day Brunch (duringwhich we enjoyed a presentation by Capt.Mat McInnes on the special relationshipbetween the Crown and the CanadianForces) and a flag raising in front of theLegislative Assembly Building to markCommonwealth Day. Several memberswere also given the honour of being pre-sented to the Members of the LegislativeAssembly on the day following Common-wealth Day, in recognition of their effortsto promote the Crown. roughout therest of 2014, the Branch will be highlight-ing the 75th Anniversary of the 1939 RoyalTour of Canada, and the executive is cur-rently organizing a bus tour to Halifax togreet the Prince of Wales and the Duchessof Cornwall in late May.

Our ongoing educational initiatives in-clude the development of useful and en-gaging materials to be distributed toschools and libraries across the province.

MANITOBAChairman Darcie Axelstierna was able

for the first time to hold a branch eventoutside of Winnipeg. e setting? the ruralcommunity of Erickson, which lies some155 miles from the capital. It came aboutas the Government of Manitoba very kind-ly put at her disposal an exhibition of 60photos of e Queen during her manyhomecomings to Alberta – they had beendisplayed at the Legislature during Jubileeyear. Most Erickson folk would not have

had the opportunity to enjoy the photodisplay, so Darcie brought it to the townwhere she has family connections. In fact,she visited the Provincial Archives to addphotos of HM in Erickson. Some 50 peopleattended, and were thrilled to view the pic-tures and receive literature about the workof the League.

BRIEFLY FROMTHE BRANCHES

e Halifax/SW Nova Branch recentlywelcomed its new Chairman, Aron Spidle...A number of GTA Branch members at-tended a special Coffee Reception at theVice-Regal Suite where the Founder, actingfor a snowbound Robert Finch, paid tributeto long serving Private Secretary AnthonyHylton, and invited His Honour to presenthim with a framed Life Membership cer-tificate. Branch Chairman Jon athan Brick-wood and his executive have been workingon a new project entitled Monarchist Min-utes, coming soon to the League’s YouTubechannel!... Water loo-Wellington Branch

Chairman Bradley Barbour attended aVice-Regal reception hosted by His Honour,who unveiled the restored portrait of oneof his most eminent predecessors, Sir

Oliver Mowat, in thepresence of a numberof his direct descen-dants... Toronto Branchwelcomed its newChairman, JudithWat kins... VictoriaBranch is at press timebusy designing its floatfor the Victoria DayParade... e thrivingnew Branch at Barrie-Huronia carpooled tofill two tables at the

League’s Annual Accession Luncheon inToronto. It recently bade a reluctant fare -well to retiring co-Chairman DavidArcher... Regina Branch will welcomeCommons Speaker Andrew Scheer asGuest Speaker for its Queen’s BirthdayLunch May 17.

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 25

New Brunswick Lieutenant Governor HonGraydon Nicholas addresses branch meeting inFredericton

Premier Alward and MLA Brian Macdonald on the staircase of the Legislative Assembly of NewBrunswick with League members who had the honour of being presented to the Assembly in recog-nition of their efforts to promote the Crown.

Part of the photographic display of e Queen’shomecomings to Manitoba as mounted last Fallin Erickson. It was organized by Branch Chair-man Darcie Axelstierna aer it had been hungin the Legislative Assembly, Winnipeg, through-out Jubilee Year.

New Toronto Branch Chairman Judith Watkins at Head Table of Accession Sunday Lunch standingbetween Chairman Finch (r) and League benefactor Roy Eappen

Sir Oliver Mowat:Ontario Premierand Lieutenant

Governor!

by Neil Macalastair

Neil was the League’s 16th summer Internin the Office of the Lieutenant Governorof Ontario. His reflections are based onremarks he made at the annual AccessionSunday Luncheon of the League, held inToronto on February 9, 2014. Ed.

is past summer I had theprivilege of being the 15thMonarchist League intern inthe Office of the LieutenantGovernor of Ontario. Acomplete discussion of myexperiences in just over 3months of working in theLieutenant Governor’s officeis, frankly, not possible inthe time we have today, so I

will attempt only to present a briefoverview of some summer highlights.

My first day at the Office of the Lieu-tenant Governor was quite similar to mostfirst days, with, of course, the small excep-tion that Prince Phillip was visiting the of-fice that day. So, in my first-day shock,amidst the chaos of a royal visit, I driedbetween various members of His Honour’sstaff, and tried to stay out of the way asmuch as possible. Notably, at one point Iwas loitering in a hallway mere momentsbefore the vice-regal party was to proceedthrough it. anks to a timely interventionfrom one of His Honour’s staff, however, Iwas saved from a very awkward encounterwith His Honour and His Royal Highness.My second day was substantially more

manageable – I spent its duration printing,sorting, and filing about three hundred let-ters.

ose two days really do sum up whatit was like working at the Lieutenant Gov-ernor’s Office. One day, I would prepare afew hundred invitations, and the next, Iwould be off to Fort York to play photog-rapher. From organizing, sorting andpacking the many gis given to eir Ho-nours, to uploading speeches on to thewebsite, dating back to the start of His Ho-nour’s time in office, the tasks I was askedto perform ranged from the fascinating tothe monotonous. is range in my dutiesis ultimately what made my experiencesthis past summer so uniquely educational.I learned not only correct form for corre-spondence, and how to answer the phone,but also about what goes into planningevents, and what it means to be the Lieu-tenant Governor – all while acting in serv-ice to the institution of the Crown, an in-stitution we all love.

I cannot imagine a better way to havespent my summer. For that, I would like tothank you, the members and supporters ofthe Monarchist League, for making the in-ternship possible. I would like to thank HisHonour’s staff for being so incredibly pa-tient and kind with me from start to finish,and not only teaching me to be better atbeing an intern, but also teaching me to bebetter at life; and of course, I would like tothank eir Honours, for continuing tosupport this program and for being so kindand welcoming to me while I was there.

Reflections on a Vice-Regal Summer

NeilMacalasdair

LEAGUE NOTES – BABILLARD DE LA LIGUE

26 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

Accession Sunday Lunch 2014:The League’s Annual Accession Luncheon in Toronto

moved this year to a new venue, the Mandarin Ball-room of the Doubletree Hilton Hotel, and had a themeof mixed celebration and melancholy: saying thank youand bidding farewell to eir Honours David and RuthAnn Onley, who have been great friends and consistentsupporters of the League during the Lieutenant Gover-nor’s 6½ years (and counting, as of press time!) asQueen’s representative. Chaired by Greater TorontoBranch Chairman Jonathan Brickwood, the guests en-joyed the Toast to e Queen from Summer Intern NeilMacalsdair and the Toast to the League from RoyalCommonwealth Society leader Ed Badovinac. ey alsoappreciated the opportunity to sing “Auld Lang Syne”and meet the Onleys in relaxed conversation in the Ball-room foyer for an extended period aer the meal.

A novel approach expressed guests’ affection for thevice-regal couple. Instead of one lengthy recitation of MrOnley’s accomplishments and kind acts, seven Leaguemembers volunteered to give two-minute tributes to HisHonour from their particular point of view. (And, to therelief of organizers, they stuck to their time limit!) usJamie Burton of Kitchener spoke of working with MrOnley on accessibility in the workplace issues; Vice-Chancellor Glenn Cartwright remembered organizing avice-regal visit to Renison University College; NormanMcMullen commented on His Honour’s visits to Rich-mond Hill, while Stephen Smith valued the LG’s pres-ence in his Port Hope community; Patricia Raymer, amember of eir Honours; church, reflected on theirFaith commitment, while Byron omas rememberedhis presence in the Suite at Queen’s Park, and His Hon-our’s deep sense of values and honour.

Bringing down the house was the reminiscence byToronto member Derwin Mak, reprinted on p. 27 as ex-emplar of the wonderful diversity of talents and interestsof not only David Onley but of monarchists generally.

Les Nouvelles monarchiques du Canada – printemps 2014 – 27

David Onley, Science Fiction Writer – “He’s got geek cred.”Remarks at Accession Lunch by Derwin Mak

Your Honour, most people will praise you for yourservice to Queen and country and Breakfast Television. But I’m going to thank you for writing a science fictionnovel entitled Shuttle and for opening the Ad Astra Sci-ence Fiction Convention in 2011.

Not many people know that you had an early careeras a science fiction writer before you went to City TV,but I knew. Both of us were at Ad Astra Science FictionConvention in 1984, when you were promoting Shuttle,and I was recruiting people for a Doctor Who fan club.

However, you switched careers from science fictionwriting to weather reporting. Trust me, it was a gooddecision. e royalties on my latest book amounted toonly five dollars last year.

Ad Astra is an annual convention, and it would cel-ebrate its thirtieth anniversary in 2011. I wondered howyour Chief of Staff would react when I asked her, “HisHonour wrote a science fiction novel in the 1980’s. Doyou think he’ll want to come to the opening ceremoniesof a science fiction convention?”

Well, she thought it was a great idea, and Ad Astra’sattendees were thrilled that you came back aer atwenty-seven year absence. We were really glad thatyou didn’t give us the typical speech by a public digni-tary. Instead, you talked about assembling the modelkit of the flying saucer from the TV series e Invaders

. You also talked about Lost In Space and Land of theGiants . And to show that you’re keeping up with cur-rent affairs, you compared the original Battlestar Galac-tica to the reboot.

One of the convention attendees told me, “He’s gotgeek cred. at’s great. I thought he was just the weath-erman on City TV before he became Lieutenant Gov-ernor.”

So, Your Honour, as you retire from public life,thank you for your contributions to Canadian sciencefiction, and live long and prosper.

a Farewell to the Onleys

28 – Canadian Monarchist News – Spring 2014

THREE LEAGUE ROYAL POSTCARDSPrinted by The Monarchist League of Canada ex -press ly for members and friends

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LA LIGUE MONARCHISTE DU CANADA

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MÉTHODE AMÉLIORÉE ET RE-CONÇUE POUR LES TRANSACTIONS EN LIGNENous sommes ravis d’annoncer qu’une méthode facile qui utilise le système de « seau » pourles achats fonctionne maintenant sur notre page de vente, avec la possibilité de commanderune sélection des objets monarchiques à vendre, tout en préservant la sécurité de PayPal. Doncjetez un coup d’oeil à www.monarchist.ca/fr/produits

218

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