-
1
: .1
- + * # )( .....( #"! ) (C621) 21 g21
:
)X(mn
=)X(M . )X(43 -2 : )g(m
. )X(43 3-2 : )1-om.g(M .m+ 4#+ 43 : N
)+ : AN )1-om(
)X(mV
=
. )X(43 -2 : )gK(m . )X(43 3-2 : )3m(V
43 7: )3-m.gK( :378
3-mc.g:+ 94 343 7 (
:! V@ED 72 0m 43 -=< 2 C3> - V72 B m@- 3 ( @- 43 #-2
?3> =< ;)
0 0 0
dV. mV. m
= = =
43 7 3-2 C3> -=
-
2 :#0 '< ,'
. [ -+ )4[ Z: m01Y 7@ -B3] )(
D 7@ 3L 4( 4\ M43E + )( #+ :2 [ )( -
.7@
5.2 2 5.1 1 5.0 )gK(m43 6.1 2 6.2 4 8 )m(V:2 [
4 4 9.3 4 4 V.m \:a H @+ " PIO 4@`_ :2 I BD ?7^
:01 #0 '< ,' @ED G L b4 V 72 p@+ # : b4 #+ `2 PIO
etC=V.p
:378 Vp# 7 I ` 4B3] ;; +# 7 3 I - ` < 9 47] 9 @- 3PI @MEV
-
:?>= . C52@+ # 7 rab6=p G d 7S PIO m06=V74 `@@ 3L
. @+ ED # 7 rab1=p:2 I @+ PIO V :-> .1 I [*e B3:-> 72
-4M3_ .2
>= @ + 4-M 7#3 b2 -< ( :2 I 7C b44 V I n) 7C [ f<
##3
`2 # 7 PIO f\ *e B3
)K( 3 :+[ 3E # 7: T )C(# 7 ! : 51.372 + = T
:) ,< I < G #( 7] ` < E S ` PIO 4 3 I 7( 3 I < 3 hIH
@MEV # :H EB ) @[ B\` -L B 7 3I 3 )T,n,V,P(4I 7 B
T.R.n=V.p
)aP(?IO I : p )3m(:2 I: V )om( I : n b4 I 3: R )K(# 7 3: T
:b4 I 3: R:- 7 PIO I )( J @V +# lom1B4
-
3
p=1bar=105Pa V=22.4.mo-1 n=1mo T=+273.15=273.15K
pV=nRT H@ 5 3
1 1 1 1p.V 10 x22.4x10R 8.31.J.mo . K 0.082. .atm.mo . Kn.T
1x273.15
= = = = l l l
=>?:
` 4BA B (4 3 :VA=1 VB=4 -: 2. @C ^4E 4b 7 #+ aE47.
() OIP >-: ` -:.
(B: R=8.31J.mo-10K-1
5 !: 34 -@ ( [3 -@ G );m B 27V 34 G m0 27 DE@V [ ) () [ I
+fl
OIP 7 #+ J DE(
0 0 0
m .Vdm .V
= = =
@+ m0=0.V= 0.n.Vm 7 # OIP H 23B 0. Vm=29.mo-1
V@ J () : (V@ ( 27Vm=22.4.mo-1 - V@ J () [3 7 34 =1.293g.-1 ( V@
J () [ +: 34) (4 Mair=.Vm=1.293x22.4=29g.mo-1
0
M MdM 29
= =
3;:
[3 -@ 4 I ); >-:CO2 H2 O2 C2 He M(C)=35.5g.mo-1 M(O)=16g.mo-1
M(C)=12g.mo-1 M(He)=4g.mo-1 M(H)=1g.mo-1
3. B+*: C4, +5 , * E, * B+:
7 ( "4 -)4 *3 ( "X (37 +: 4 () +#4 *
n(X)[X] CV
= = C :( "4 @3X g.mo-1
n(X) : @ X V :43 37 2:
P +7
m
m(X)CV
= Cm :(34 "4 @3X g. -1
V :43 37 2:
, GHI?: 37 () * " Cf) : *fk Vi HEEM 7
: H nPVe (=[@ 27 L3 C73 Vf. (=+ 37
(Vi,Ci) ni=Ci.Vi
(=[@ 37 (Vf,Cf)
nf=Cf.Vf Vf=Vi+Ve
Ve :P 2: - nEM4 3 \f aE7@ * ni=nf H@ Ci.Vi=Cf.Vf
Ci.Vi=Cf.Vf :nEM4 `\
-
4 "'+?:
= 937 4BS1 3I3C6H16O6 e"C1=5 10-2mo.-1. 1. 2: P74 \ 3I 34
>-:V=200m 37 S1 2. *fk10cm3 37 S1 [ nP 190cm3 _M . >-: 3B 2C2
`q@ 37 "
(B: M(Cu)=63.5g/mo M(C)=35.5g/mo M(Na)=23g/mo M(O)=16g/mo
M(C)=12g/mo M(H)=1g/mo
