en

#28 Février 2016

EUROPE & BEYOND

Circular economy package

OUR STORIES

Behind the scenes of COP21

AU QUOTIDIEN

Jon Kabat-Zinn on mindfulness

DOSSIERAVIATION STRATEGY

Adapting for the future

KTAA160013AC_001.pdf 1 29/01/16 11:45:39

CONTRIBUTEURS

Rédacteur en chef: Zach Hester Tél. : 02 296 9617 – Secrétaire de rédaction: Dominique Labourdette

Rédaction: Matteo Manzonetto, Michael Scheerer – Stagiaire: Nilde Marchitto

Mise en page & Cend en ligne: Marcelo Contreras

Commission en direct est édité par l’unité de Communication, DG HR A.4 Chef d’unité: Norman Jardine

Adresse: CE-SC11, 01/18 Télécopieur: 02 299 92 85

Courrier des lecteurs: HR-CD-VOTRE-COURRIER@ec.europa.eu

Envoi de la publication aux pensionnés: OIB-mailing-PMO@ec.europa.eu ISSN 1830-5598 (version imprimée) – ISSN 1977-9259 (PDF) – ISSN 1977-9259 (EPUB)

Cette publication n’engage pas juridiquement la Commission.

ACCÈS À COMMISSION EN DIRECT EN LIGNE

Personnel actif: https://myintracomm.ec.europa.eu OP et retraités: https://myintracomm-ext.ec.europa.eu

Autres institutions et agences (également EEAS): http://myintracomm.ec.testa.eu

Alexis Perier is Press Officer for Transport in DG COMM’s Spokesperson’s Service, replacing Joshua Salsby in June 2015. He was previously working in public affairs in Brussels.

Olivia Berthon works in the Director’s office of DG DEVCO’s Directorate for Development Coordination East and Southern Africa, and is particularly involved in communications work for the Horn of Africa as part of the new EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa.

Anouk Delafortrie is DG ECHO’s Regional Information Officer for Central, East and Southern Africa. A�er 20 years as a campaigner and communications professional in the humanitarian field, she joined the Commission in 2012, initially covering malnutrition, conflict, and the Ebola outbreak in West Africa.

Nataša Gorsek Mencin is currently Head of Unit in DG COMM’s Strategy and Corporate Communication Directorate, performing advisory tasks to the Director. Until 1 July 2015, she served for three years as Head of the Commission’s Representation in Slovenia.

Joshua Salsby is in charge of aviation and communication in the Cabinet of Transport Commissioner Violeta Bulc. He previously worked in the Commission’ Spokesperson’s Service.

Pauline van Greuningen-Smith is a Policy Officer in the SG’s Corporate Management, Budget and Administration Unit, where she is responsible for awareness raising of e-Domec policies. She was an MEP’s assistant for 16 years, before joining the Commission in 2001.

Monique Théâtre est responsable des relations avec les anciens fonctionnaires au sein de l’unité «Conditions de travail et bien-être» de la DG HR.

KTAA160013AC_001.pdf 2 29/01/16 11:45:39

EDITORIAL

Dear passengers, please make sure your seat backs are in the upright position, your tray

tables are stowed, and your seat belts are fastened, as we get ready for take-off on my last flight as captain and Editor-in-Chief of Commission en direct.

On this flight, you will get a good overview in this month’s dossier of the Commission’s new Aviation Strategy adopted and unveiled in December 2015. In a nutshell, the Strategy is all about ensuring that Eu-rope’s air transport and aviation industry is ready for the future, given its key role in the EU economy, both for jobs and growth. Vice-President Maroš Šefčovič and Commissioner Violeta Bulc explain what is at stake and what the Commission is proposing.

We also pay tribute to the remarkable work of the Commission team that helped successfully pilot EU efforts and guide the world towards a successful out-come at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris. Our colleagues from DG CLIMA give you a glimpse behind the scenes at some of the secrets of

READY FOR TAKE�OFF?by Zach Hester, EDITOR�IN�CHIEF, CEND

©

Foto

lia

their success and where EU climate policy is going in two related exclusive interviews, (pages 22-26).

As pilot and captain, I took over what was then the weekly staff newspaper in September 2009. Together with a small crew, we transformed it into the monthly staff magazine you have known and enjoyed since Feb-ruary 2013. It has been an amazing adventure, covering so many of the fascinating aspects of EU policy and the work you, the staff, are involved in on a daily basis delivering results for Europe’s citizens. I would like to take this opportunity to thank my bosses for the trust and confidence they placed in me to captain this im-portant tool of communication with staff. I also want to thank my co-pilot and crew for all their hard work over the years. And I would like to thank you, the passen-gers, for choosing to fly Commission en direct and for all your wonderful contributions that have helped make the magazine a real joint venture! Keep your valuable suggestions and proposals coming to the new captain! Over and out! �

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 1 29/01/16 11:43:11

29

06 POST

07 REGARDS

EUROPE & BEYOND

08 Brèves

10 Dutch Presidency – Interview with Pieter de Gooijer

12 Circular economy package

14 Digital Single Market

18 Human rights in Somalia

20 South Sudan – Keeping death at bay

15 PHOTOS

OUR STORIES

22 Behind the scenes of COP21

25 EU climate policy explained

27 Research and innovation – A matter of trust

29 Celebrating the Audiovisual Services and Europe by Satellite's anniversaries

AU QUOTIDIEN

46 Why information leaks damage the Commission’s reputation

48 Ares' new e-signatory makes signatures more secure

50 What science tells us about practising awareness – Interview with Jon Kabat-Zinn

52 Reaching out to staff with disabilities

53 Nominations

AVIATION STRATEGY � Adapting for the future

10 12

SOMMAIRE

18

Pieter

de Goojer

10

Jos

Delbeke

22

Elina

Bardram

22

Jacob

Werksman

22

Peter

Vis

25

Domenico

Rossetti

di Valdalbero

Maroš

Šefčovič

27 36

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 2 29/01/16 11:43:11

0046

GENERATIONS

55 Pensionnés sous tutelle

FREIZEIT

56 The Dutch Presidency’s cultural agenda

59 Brèves

60 Jeux

62 Histoire en images

63 Annonces

Dossier34 Aviation timeline

36 Interview with Vice-President Maroš Šefčovič and Commissioner Violeta Bulc

38 Facts and figures

40 A single aviation market

41 Tackling capacity and efficiency constraints

42 High EU standards indispensable for growth

43 Innovation and investment – Embracing a new era

44 Building and communicating the Strategy

56

Violeta

Bulc

36

Karen

Williams

46

Jon

Kabat-Zinn

50

32

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 3 29/01/16 11:43:11

POSTPaper waste

I have just received the latest issue of Commission en direct and I confess I feel very guilty each time I have to throw to the bin the paper version of this newsletter. Such a waste of valuable paper… Although I appreciate the informative quality of the articles it contains, I think I should not receive it in hard copy since it is also available on line.Could we not receive an e-version instead? It would be more in line with the Commission's eco-friendly policies, wouldn't it?

Katarzyna Szyszko, DG FISMA

I try to be as "green" as possible, but still I like the paper version of Commission en direct. Not least because my husband, a convinced European but not working in the European Institutions, enjoys reading it when I bring it home.

Laurence Vanham, DG TRADE

Thank you for your comments. As you can see from discussions on the Forum on My Intra-Comm (see link below), there are divergent views among staff on the subject, and the readers' survey conducted in June 2014 showed that most readers still prefer getting their individual paper copy. We do, however, keep the distribution issue under continual review and have already reduced the print-run by over 30% since I took over as Editor-in-Chief in September 2009. We are currently exploring the possibility of a subscription system with the relevant services. The challenge is to find a way to manage an average of over 7,000 changes of office address per year without adding administrative costs at a time of reduced resources. We hope a good automated IT solution can be found, so as to be able to offer colleagues the choice of format they prefer.We do systematically send an e-mail to all staff when the e-book version of the latest edition is available on line.

Zach Hester, Editor-in-Chief, CEND

Check out the discussions on My IntraComm's Forum and 'Have Your Say' � http://europa.eu/!cU89nN

Reusing by sharing with others

Reply

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 4 29/01/16 11:43:11

REGARDS

Winston Churchill is an inspiration to me, because he saw Europe’s position in a

geopolitical context, and I would wish for all of us and especially our friends across

the Channel in the United Kingdom to stay in touch with this legacy and to understand

that the choice of Europe is not just a choice for bigger markets, or more economic

opportunity, for it is also a choice to carve out a place for this continent in a world with

7 billion people.

Frans Timmermans � http://europa.eu/!qp48Uf

This Commission has been committed to

engaging with employers and workers

from the very fi rst day in offi ce. Where

social dialogue is strong, economies are

more competitive and socially resilient.

Marianne Thyssen � http://europa.eu/!cT93Kp

The European space sector is

a major high-end engineering,

technological and science-intensive

sector. Its cutting-edge innovation,

research and development create

important spill-over eff ects in

many other sectors. In particular,

space data off ers an enormous

opportunity for our citizens and

companies.

Elżbieta Bieńkowska � http://europa.eu/!RF98PJ

For me, Erasmus+ is much more than a

popular fl agship programme that allows EU

citizens, particularly younger ones, to gain

experience abroad. Erasmus+ is an essential

tool for shaping the European society of today

and tomorrow.

Tibor Navracsics � http://europa.eu/!TB67DR

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 5 29/01/16 11:43:11

8

EU to invest €1 billion along its external borders

On 7 January 2016, the Commission adopted a series of cross-border cooperation programmes totalling €1  billion aimed at supporting social and economic development in the regions on both sides of the EU’s external borders. “Cross-border cooperation plays a key role in avoiding the creation of new dividing lines. This new funding will further contribute to a more integrated and sustainable regional development in the neighbouring border regions and to a more harmonious territorial coopera-tion on the EU’s external borders,’’ said Johannes Hahn, Commissioner for European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations.

Corina Creţu, Commissioner for Regional Policy, stated: “I am very glad that the European Regional De-velopment Fund can contribute to bringing the EU and its neighbours closer together. Cross-border cooperation pro-grammes are concrete examples of how the EU is working to help citizens address common challenges, hence creating a real sense of solidarity, while boosting the competitiveness of local economies.” �

ERDF (European Regional Development Fund)

� http://europa.eu/!Qk99Fu

Commission further simplifi es EU tender rules

The new European Single Procurement Docu-ment (ESPD) adopted on 5 January by the

Commission reduces considerably the administra-tive burden for companies, in particular, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), that want to have a fair chance of winning a public contract. The ESPD will replace the current system which may differ dras-tically among Member States. It will allow all busi-nesses to electronically self-declare that they meet the necessary regulatory criteria or commercial capa-bility requirements, and only the winning company will need to submit all the documentation proving that it qualifies for the contract.

Elżbieta Bieńkowska, Commissioner responsi-ble for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, said: “By reducing the volume of documents needed, the European Single Procurement Document will make it easier for companies to take part in public award procedures.”

The simplification of the tender procedure is a major element of a public procurement reform which will enter into force on 18 April 2016. �

New EU procurement rules

� http://europa.eu/!fG98dF

EUROPE & BEYOND

©

EU

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 6 29/01/16 11:43:11

# F

évr

ier

20

16

9

Collecting and exchanging non-EU citizens’ fingerprints

On 19 January 2016, the Commission adopted pro-posals to facilitate the exchange of criminal records of non-EU citizens in the EU by upgrading the European Criminal Records Information System (ECRIS). A key action of the European Agenda on Security, the aim is to improve cooperation between national authorities in the fight against terrorism and other forms of seri-ous cross-border crime. This initiative will ensure that ECRIS, which is already widely used for the exchange of criminal records of EU citizens, will be used to its full potential. Věra Jourová, Commissioner for Justice, Consumers and Gender Equality, said: “The Paris attacks in November confirmed the urgent need for more robust and seamless judicial cooperation throughout the EU. ECRIS is an important tool against cross-border crime, as it enables Member States to exchange information on previous convic-tions anywhere in the EU. We propose to upgrade this tool to ensure easier access to the convictions of non-EU citizens. By including fingerprints of non-EU citizens, we will have a strong tool to tackle the use of false identities.” �

ECRIS (European Criminal Records Information System)

� http://europa.eu/!cR63uX

Nuclear deal with Iran leads to li�ing of sanctions

Saturday, 16 January 2016, was ‘implementa-tion day’ for the Joint Comprehensive Plan

of Action (JCPOA) agreed with Iran. This means that the International Atomic Energy Agency has verified that Iran has implemented its nuclear-re-lated commitments and that the UN, EU and US will lift their nuclear-related economic and finan-cial sanctions. This important milestone marks a fundamental shift in Iran’s nuclear programme. Since the JCPOA was concluded in July 2015, all sides have been working towards its full and timely implementation. Vice-President Federica Mogheri-ni stated: “Implementation day is a turning point first and foremost because after having the agreement we also managed to implement it. This shows that diplomacy works and delivers. This opens the way for major EU investment in our bilateral relations that we will need to explore in details with the Iranian authorities to make sure that this covers their interest, our interests and that we coordinate well among Europeans.” �

EEAS – The EU’s relations with Iran

� http://europa.eu/!Wx98xY

©

EU

� Federica Mogherini with Mohammed Javad Zarif, Iran's Foreign Minister

� Fingerprints taken from a refugee in Germany

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 7 29/01/16 11:43:11

10

Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte has compared the current situation in Europe with the fall of the Roman Empire. What will the Dutch Presidency do to avoid such a scenario?Undoubtedly, the EU is being severely put to the test. It is facing a huge influx of people who have fled war and oppression. Moreover, geopolitics appears to be mak-ing a comeback. And within the EU itself, the threat of fragmentation looms. These circumstances make clear the urgent necessity of European cooperation, while it is questioned by many citizens. As the President of the Council, the Netherlands is committed to keeping the EU on course. We will do so by taking an active approach and tackling our Presidency pragmatically. Staying on course together might sound simple, but it is not. Peace, security and prosperity are achievements that are often taken for granted. These achievements all require continuous attention and effort to safeguard them for the future. An effective EU – focusing on the essentials, on innovative growth and jobs and on mak-ing connections – is the best instrument to safeguard those achievements for our continent.

How will the Dutch Presidency encourage Council to act more in the spirit of solidarity, with even more Member States being reluctant now to work for common solutions to the refugee crisis?As I mentioned, staying on course together is crucial, particularly in the field of migration and interna-tional security. It is one of our four priorities during our Presidency. However, unity and cooperation are needed at all levels. The question of cooperation en-

compasses more than migration or security alone. We stand stronger together, also in many other fields, such as trade, finance, climate or energy. Other priorities of the Netherlands Presidency are therefore innovation and the creation of jobs, future-proof finances and a robust eurozone, and climate and energy policy. We are of the opinion that we can fulfill these ambitions, but only by making connections. Connections should be between Member States, since solidarity forms the basis of European cooperation. But connections should also be made between the EU and its citizens, since many people in Europe’s capitals and households are

At a time when the EU is being put severely to the test, the Netherlands has taken over the driver’s seat in Europe. Pieter de Gooijer, The Hague’s ambassador to the EU, tells Commission en direct more about the priorities of the Dutch Presidency.

DUTCH PRESIDENCY EUROPEAN COOPERATION URGENTLY NEEDEDby Michael Scheerer, CEND

©

All

rig

hts

reserv

ed

EUROPE & BEYOND

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 8 29/01/16 11:43:11

# F

évr

ier

20

16

11

critical of the EU. Although many also realise that no EU country can face today’s challenges alone.

Over the next six months, the Netherlands will place itself at the service of the Council with this goal in mind. We will make connections – connections be-tween the EU Member States, the EU Institutions and EU citizens. We want to show that there is more that unites us than divides us. In this respect, the Dutch tra-dition of consultation and experience as bridge-builders may greatly contribute.

How can the Dutch Presidency help to safeguard the Schengen system of open borders in Europe?The EU Single Market forms the cornerstone of Euro-pean cooperation. The Schengen system, with its free movement of persons, is crucial to this. The Nether-lands Presidency is committed to strengthening and deepening the Single Market as well as to safeguarding the Schengen system. The Schengen system is indis-solubly linked to the refugee crisis. A Europe without internal borders needs common solutions in the area of justice, security, and asylum. The migration crisis has revealed shortcomings in the EU system that require action. In this sense, the Schengen system can only be preserved if we provide an appropriate answer to the migration crisis. The current priority must be to control Europe’s external borders effectively, improve the initial reception of refugees in Europe and in the region, and share the burden fairly.

External and internal security is linked closely, as the attacks in Paris made painfully clear. How will Council under Dutch leadership deal with the growing terrorist threats?The recent attacks in Paris highlight the need for effective counterterrorism measures. This means, among other things, that the agreements on the ex-

change of data and cooperation between security services must be fully implemented. The events in Paris also indeed highlighted the fact that instability outside the EU increases security risks inside the EU. The Netherlands is committed to finding a suitable response to the increasingly interwoven internal and external challenges the EU faces. Strict and effective control of our borders is needed. The Netherlands is determined to contribute to the timely completion of the strategic review of EU foreign and security policy and will seek to take forward the implementation of the European security strategy for 2016.

What are your priorities regarding growth and jobs in Europe?One of the main things that citizens are entitled to expect from the EU is a concerted focus on economic prosperity. This focus informs our work as the Council Presidency. Under the pressure of the crisis, the EU has lost sight of its role as an innovator and creator of jobs in Europe, despite the fact that it has good prospects in this area. The key strength of the EU in this respect is the Single Market – the largest in the world. The Neth-erlands seeks to deepen the Single Market and make it fairer. The EU economy could grow by €1.25 trillion – twice the size of the entire Dutch economy – if we really complete the internal market. The Netherlands Presidency will do its outmost to flesh out the Digital Single Market Strategy and the Single Market Strat-egy for Goods and Services into specific proposals. In addition, growth and jobs in Europe will come about by stimulating innovative entrepreneurship, strength-ening new services with high potential, and investing in research. Finally, businesses must be given room to innovate and create jobs. �

Dutch Presidency's website

� http://english.eu2016.nl/

We want to show that there is more that unites us than dividesWe want to show that there is more that unites us than divides

us. In this respect, the Dutch tradition of consultation and

experience as bridge-builders may greatly contribute

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 9 29/01/16 11:43:11

12

businesses and consumers, as well as national and local authorities, to drive this transformation.”

Vice-President Jyrki Katainen, responsible for Jobs, Growth, Investment and Competitiveness, said: “These proposals give a positive signal to those waiting to invest in the circular economy. Today we are saying that Europe is the best place to grow a sustainable and environmentally friendly business. This transition towards a more circular economy is about reshaping the market economy and improving our competitiveness. If we can be more resource efficient and reduce our dependency on scarce raw materials, we can develop a competitive edge. We want to achieve real progress on the ground and look forward to delivering on this ambition together with not only Member States, regions and municipalities but also businesses, industry and civil society.”

Creating a win-win situationCurrently, significant amounts of materials in the EU are discarded instead of being reused or recycled. Moreover, a number of crucial raw materials are finite, and can be expensive or difficult to acquire in Europe. Creating a win-win situation, the circular economy will retain the value of the resources we use in products, returning them into the product cycle at the end of their use. The measures will encourage smarter design of products to improve their durability, reparability and recyclability and foster efficient production processes. The Commission will also look into the issue of planned obsolescence of products. The measures will help one industry’s waste and by-products become inputs for another industry and support development of a thriv-ing market for secondary raw materials. Consumers will also be better informed on the durability of products. New jobs will be created in innovative design and busi-

EUROPE & BEYOND

Adopted by the College on 2 December 2015, the Circular Economy Action Plan addresses

the ‘full circle’ – from production and consumption to waste management and the market for secondary raw materials – with measures covering the entire lifecycle of products. This comprehensive framework underlines the Commission’s clear ambition to truly transform the way the EU economy works. By establishing an ambitious and credible long-term path for waste man-agement and recycling with clear targets, the Commis-sion is also reinforcing its efforts to boost sustainable growth, create new jobs, and foster ecological progress in Europe. Revised legislative proposals on waste foresee common EU targets to be achieved by 2030 – for recy-cling 65% of municipal waste and 75% of packaging waste, a binding landfill target to reduce landfill to a maximum of 10% of all waste, and a ban on landfilling of separately collected waste.

A matter of our future survival“Our planet and our economy cannot survive if we continue with the ‘take, make, use and throw away’ approach,” stated First Vice-President Frans Timmermans, responsible for sustainable development. “We need to retain precious resources and fully exploit all the economic value within them. The circular economy is about reducing waste and protecting the environment, but it is also about a profound transformation of the way our entire economy works. By re-thinking the way we produce, work and buy we can generate new opportunities and create new jobs. With this package, we are delivering the comprehensive framework that will truly enable this change to happen. It sets a credible and ambitious path for better waste management in Europe with supportive actions that cover the full product cycle. This mix of smart regulation and incentives at EU level will help

To ensure a sustainable future, we must use our resources in smarter, more sustainable ways. The Commission’s recently adopted comprehensive circular economy package paves the way for a new form of economic growth, with positive effects for the environment and climate action.

CIRCULAR ECONOMY PACKAGE CLOSING THE LOOPby Michael Scheerer, CEND

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 10 29/01/16 11:43:11

# F

évr

ier

20

16

13

ness models, research, recycling, re-manufacturing, and product development.

Today, only around 40% of the waste produced by EU households is recycled. This average masks wide variations among Member States and regions, ranging from 80% in some areas to less than 5% in others. The legislative proposals’ ambitious targets seek to change that. To ensure effective implementation, they are accompanied by concrete measures to address obsta-cles on the ground. They combine interim and long-term targets with the possibility for time extensions for countries facing the biggest challenges in stepping up separate collection and recycling, while requiring an implementation strategy to ensure progress is made and implementation gaps are tackled in time. The proposals also encourage greater use of economic instruments such as landfill taxes and incineration charges. The Commission will also provide technical assistance to Member States and facilitate exchange of best practices in waste management.

Plastics recycling is a particular priority. Their use in the EU has grown steadily, but less than 25% of collected plastic waste is recycled and about 50% goes to landfill. Large quantities of plastics also end up in the oceans. One of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (see Dossier, CEND #27, page 37) seeks to pre-

vent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, including marine litter, by 2030. To address these complex and important issues, the Commission will prepare a strategy for 2017, addressing the challenges posed by plastics throughout the value chain and their entire life cycle.

Shockingly, today one third of food worldwide is wasted. The Commission is therefore committed to reaching the UN Sustainable Development Goal of halving food waste by 2030. As an essential step, a solid methodology for measuring food waste will be developed. Furthermore, food donation rules, food date marking and use of former foodstuffs for animal feed will all be examined to see how they can contribute to reducing food waste.

Backed up with €650 million from Horizon 2020 and €5.5 billion from the Structural Funds from now to 2020, the Commission will now implement the Action Plan and is calling on Parliament and Council to rapidly adopt the legislative proposals. �

Towards a circular economy

� http://europa.eu/!Ww34pK

‘Circular Economy... it’s the way forward’

� http://bit.ly/1QmVaZd

©

Foto

lia

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 11 29/01/16 11:43:11

14

EUROPE & BEYOND

On 9  December 2015, as follow-up to its Digital Single Market Strategy (see Dossier,

CEND #22), the Commission presented a set of propos-als to ensure better access for consumers and businesses to on-line content, goods and services across Europe. The new rules on digital contracts aim to better protect consumers who buy digital content or goods on line across the EU and help businesses expand their on-line sales. Another proposal will ensure that Europeans who have purchased films, series, sports broadcasts, games or e-books on line while at home can access them when they travel across the EU. Together with this proposal, the Commission outlined an action plan to modernise EU copyright rules.

“Last May, we promised fast delivery of the Digital Single Market. Now we present our first proposals,” stated Andrus Ansip, Vice-President for the Digital Single Market. “When people download a movie or a song, it must play. If this is not the case, they should be able to end the contract and get their money back. People who legally buy content must be able to carry it with them anywhere they go in Europe. This is a real change, similar to what we did to end roaming charges.”

Günther H. Oettinger, Commissioner for the Digi-tal Economy and Society, said: “I count on the Parlia-ment and Member States in the Council to make sure that portability of on-line content becomes a reality for European consumers by 2017, so that they can enjoy their favourite content also when they travel in the EU.” On the crucial issue of copyright, he stated: “Our action plan gives the direction for further reform in spring next year: we want a copyright environment that is stimulating, fair, rewards

investment in creativity and makes it easier for Europeans to access and use content legally.”

Věra Jourová, Commissioner for Justice, Consum-ers and Gender Equality, said: “Today’s proposals will give confidence to consumers to buy across borders and offer simplification for businesses, especially SMEs, selling online across Europe.”

The Digital Single Market Strategy is among the Juncker Commission’s top priorities to boost growth and jobs in Europe. The Strategy includes a set of 16 targeted key actions to be delivered by the end of 2016. It is built on three pillars – better access for consumers and businesses to digital goods and services across Europe, creating the right conditions and a level playing field for digital networks and innovative ser-vices to flourish, and maximising the growth potential of the digital economy. �

Digital Single Market

� http://europa.eu/!XV94Qk

The Digital Single Market Strategy, adopted by the Commission in May 2015, is taking concrete shape. In December 2015, the Commission published the first proposals that will help consumers to buy and shop more easily on line and businesses to grow across borders.

DIGITAL SINGLE MARKET DELIVERING ON BETTER ACCESS TO ON�LINE SERVICESby Michael Scheerer, CEND

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 12 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

15

Schuman Trophy

20 ans d'action pour l'enfance défavoriséeLe Gala du Schuman Trophy s’est tenu le 18 novembre 2015 sur la Piazza du Berlaymont. La manifestation a débuté

par une minute de silence observée à la mémoire des victimes des attentats de Paris et toute l’assemblée a ensuite

entonné la Marseillaise.Sous la présidence de Kristalina Georgieva, vice-présidente de la Commission, le Gala qui célébrait le 19e Schuman

Trophy a connu un vif succès.

En présence de madame Dominique Deshayes, présidente du comité de soutien, des directeurs généraux Luis Romero

Requena (SJ) et Joao Aguiar Machado (DG MARE) pour l’équipe SJ/MARE victorieuse du Tournoi et d’une nombreuse

assemblée, le Gala a été l’occasion d’attribuer près de 50 000 euros aux 16 associations œuvrant pour l’enfance défa-

vorisée qui ont été retenues.

La chorale de l’Ecole européenne de Woluwé-Saint-Lambert a, pour sa part, proposé un magnifique intermède musical.

En 2016, nous entrons dans l’année du 20e Schuman Trophy. Action caritative en faveur de l’enfance déshéritée, le

Schuman Trophy a commencé modestement en 1997 et continue son beau chemin.

Au mois de mai prochain, nous tenons à célébrer avec vous, chers amis et collègues, ce bel évènement. Pour ce

20e Tournoi, l’espoir et la joie d’être ensemble seront à nouveau au rendez-vous. �

Guy Marchand, responsable du comité Schuman Trophy

Joël Le Quément, membre du comité Schuman Trophy

©

Tous d

roit

s r

éserv

és

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 13 29/01/16 11:43:12

16

European Year for Development 2015

A Joint Declaration by the three EU InstitutionsThe EYD2015 (European Year for Development 2015) campaign officially ended with the closing event organised by the

Luxembourg Presidency in Luxembourg on 9-10 December 2015.

It was a successful campaign perfectly fitting in the international agenda of 2015 together with the Millennium

Development Goals coming to an end and the 2030 Agenda being agreed upon (see Dossier, CEND #27). The campaign

saw the setting-up of networks from all walks of life – young people, academics, Member States, NGOs, universities

and businesses – coming together in a wide range of events, debates and initiatives on international development that

will continue long a�er 2015. To take advantage of the momentum, an EYD2015 Joint Declaration was signed by the

European Parliament, the Council, and the Commission. It summarises the legacy of the Year focusing on building on

partnerships and engaging new stakeholders beyond the development community, addressing young people, putting

people at the centre, being interactive, and fact-based and keeping the spirit of the EYD2015. �

EYD2015

� https://europa.eu/eyd2015/

Legacy of the EYD2015 – Joint declaration of the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission

� http://europa.eu/!vP68VD

� Commissioner Neven Mimica and HRH Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg.

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 14 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

17

� From le� to right: Marius Wanders, Ambassador of EYD2015 Civil Socity Alliance representing Civil Society; Zanda Kalniņa-Lukaševica, Latvian Parliamentary Secretary of State for European Aff airs; Neven Mimica, Commissioner for International Cooperation and Development; Linda McAvan, Chair of the European Parliament's Development Committee; Romain Schneider, Luxembourgish Minister for Cooperation and Humanitarian Action, Minister for Social Security, and Minister for Sport; HRH Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg; Xavier Bettel, Luxembourg's Prime Minister and President in offi ce of the Council of the EU; and Lilianne Ploumen, Dutch Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation.

� From le� to right: Désirée Nosbusch, presenter, with the three winners of the video competition – Alejandra Barrero, Melissa Salazar, and Giulia Berstecher.

©

eu2

01

5lu

.eu /

Charl

es C

ara

tini

©

eu2

01

5lu

.eu /

Luc D

efl

ore

nne

europa.eu/eyd2015

our worldour dignityour future

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 15 29/01/16 11:43:12

18

Motivated by her father’s work, Ilwad wanted to see the reality of conditions in Somalia

for herself rather than through the media’s depiction. She joined her mother, who had returned earlier to Mogadishu. “I understood why my mother was there, amidst all that chaos, amidst all that suffering. What was compelling her to stay was evident as soon as I arrived there,” recalls Ilwad. Her planned month-long visit turned into two months, months turned into years, and she has stayed in Somalia ever since.

Raised in Canada, Ilwad faced unfamiliar barriers reintegrating into her home community. An initial obstacle was not speaking the Somali language – but more challenging were local social norms, especially her compatriots’ behaviours and attitudes towards women and girls.

Recalling her shock at entire rooms of men and even young boys walking out just because she wanted to voice an opinion, Ilwad says: “Seeing how a lot of violence against women and girls is not even considered as violence was a really rude awakening for me. It became a calling for me – I wanted to actively work on changing some of these perceptions.”

Supporting and rebuilding victims’ livesIlwad began working alongside her mother at the Elman Centre, which documents human rights vio-lations and abuses and helps victims reconstruct and reclaim their lives after suffering often atrocious vio-lence. “What makes this initiative different from everything else happening in the country is that [the Centre] provides services for all the victims that they identify. It is not just

about research or collecting information, but actually mak-ing sure that victims have the tools to rebuild their lives.”

Wanting to focus on the plight of Somali women, in 2011 Ilwad set up Sister Somalia – the first rape crisis centre in the country. In addition to providing emer-gency health-care services to rape victims, she worked to challenge the traditional preconceptions of violence towards women and generate a discussion about sexual violence that had never before taken place. At that time, says Ilwad, prominent government officials would make public statements saying that “rape does not happen in Somalia”. Ilwad was shocked to see that even women in positions of leadership would deny issues surround-ing sexual violence. “It was too easy to cloak everything happening to women as shameful.”

Remarkably, four and a half years later Somalia now has national action plans on ending sexual violence and a sexual offences bill. As Ilwad comments, “I see that people are open to change and it’s humbling for me to be a part of that.”

A still volatile and instable security situationToday, Somalia’s security situation remains volatile, with instability and increasing levels of violent extrem-ism leading over a million Somalis to seek refuge in neighbouring countries, and to over one million more being displaced within the country. However, with some areas now freed from Al-Shabaab, the opportu-nity for many displaced Somalis to return is possible. When asked what still needs to be done to facilitate the durable and sustainable reintegration of people coming back to Somalia, Ilwad stresses the necessity of access to

Ilwad Elman was born in Somalia but, when still a baby, went with her mother to Canada to escape from her war-torn country. In 2010, aged 19, Ilwad returned to Somalia to work at the Elman Peace and Human Rights Centre, founded in honour of her father, an ardent human rights activist killed in 1996.

HUMAN RIGHTS IN SOMALIA RETURNING HOME TO CONTINUE HER FATHER’S WORKby Olivia Berthon, DG DEVCO

EUROPE & BEYOND

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 16 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

19

resources. “There’s a plethora of services now in Somalia, but people still don’t know where to access them. And if you don’t, you might as well not have them. Returning to Somalia is just the beginning of the process, not the end, and that’s when they should get support for reintegration and have access to services. It’s not about making sure that they have a constant lifeline or have financial support, but they need access to information and sometimes it’s that simple.”

The EU’s contributionThis is where the EU can make a contribution, by tar-geting these essential challenges both in the support offered to Somali returnees through cooperation pro-jects and through the newly established EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (see box) addressing root causes of irregular migration and displaced persons in Africa. As Ilwad stresses, “if people have dignified livelihoods, if they have a safe space and if they have security, no one wants to take to the ocean and risk their lives.”

The EU will therefore target the root causes that make people leave their homes, whether through irregular migration or forced displacement. One project already adopted in December will offer sustainable solutions for Somalis voluntarily returning from Europe, the Horn of Africa or fleeing conflict in Yemen. EU funding will increase access to basic services, economic and employ-ment opportunities and create a favourable environ-ment for social development. This will facilitate refugees’ return to Somalia and their reintegration.

Such EU-funded projects add value to the work of Ilwad and her mother’s peace centre which addresses issues in Somalia which have forced people to seek ref-uge elsewhere. Ilwad has real hope for the future – “I saw opportunity in a place where I didn’t think it was pos-sible. As soon as people are engaged meaningfully, change can happen.” �

� Ilwad Elman addressing the Ministerial Pledging Conference in support of Somali refugees held in Brussels in October 2015.

©

All

rig

hts

reserv

ed

EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa

Signed and launched at the Valletta Summit on

Migration on 12 November 2015 by European

and African partners, the Trust Fund serves to pool

resources from different donors and enable a quick,

flexible, collective EU response. With unprecedented

levels of irregular migration, it was created to

support the most fragile and affected African

countries. By helping to address root causes and

promoting economic and equal opportunities, security

and development, it aims to help foster regional

stability, respond to the challenges of irregular

migration and displacement, and contribute to

better migration management. Ten projects with a

total budget of €253 million were adopted already

in December 2015 for the Horn of Africa region,

followed by ten projects totalling €100 million for the

Sahel and Lake Chad area in mid-January 2016.

The EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa � http://europa.eu/!vy99hd

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 17 29/01/16 11:43:12

20

Since fighting broke out in December 2013, South Sudan has been ravaged. One-fifth of the popula-

tion has been uprooted and more than 4 million people need emergency food aid. Indicative of the needs, the EU has so far responded by providing more than 40% of all humanitarian financing to South Sudan. Partners of ECHO – the Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Directorate-General – are involved in a co-lossal aid effort, as people require everything from food and water to treatment and protection. They provide this aid in a tense security climate despite a recent peace agreement. Unity state in the centre of the country has suffered some of the worst violence, sending tens of thousands of people fleeing to a UN base near the state’s capital Bentiu. With over 105,000 inhabitants, Bentiu has become a city of sorts, but one in which people lack autonomy and are entirely dependent on aid.

Just inside the hospital gate, large body bags from a small morgue are piled into the back of a land cruiser.

The Danish Refugee Council’s burial team place two child-sized bags at the top. Just a few family members are joining the funeral scene, avoiding trampling the bags while they board the vehicle. The land cruiser sets off to a makeshift graveyard outside the UN base near Bentiu. A solitary burial in swampy soil awaits.

“We have to do more despite the many difficulties,” says Simon Mansfield, ECHO’s head of office in Juba, South Sudan's capital. “The recent peace agreement is the only way forward. But even then, we don’t know how long it will take us to get back to the pre-war situation which was bad enough, with some of the worst indicators of any country in the world.”

Bentiu is home to the largest of six camps dubbed ‘Protection-of-Civilians’ sites. Across the country, 185,000 people have been allowed to shelter at UN bases under the watchful eye of peacekeepers. An exceptional measure prompted by the brutalities committed against civilians. They have led over 2.2 million South Sudanese

South Sudan may be the world’s newest country, but it is also the scene of one of today’s most severe, large-scale humanitarian crises.

EUROPE & BEYOND

SOUTH SUDANKEEPING DEATH AT BAYby Anouk Delafortrie, DG ECHO

©

EU

/EC

HO

/Anouk D

ela

fort

rie

� Screening children for malnutrition in Bentiu, the most overcrowded of six UN protected sites where civilians have sought refuge from violence and deprivation caused by the 19-month old confl ict in South Sudan.

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 18 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

21

to flee since December 2013, many of them in areas which one humanitarian worker describes as “black holes”, beyond the reach of emergency aid.

Crammed together in a space designed for 50,000 peo-ple, the population of Bentiu has doubled since May, when a new offensive was launched in southern Unity state. People in the camp rely on aid organisations, many supported by ECHO, to survive and channel food back to relatives outside. More than 2,000 children were born in the camp since February 2015. Yet one wonders if there is another place where their prospects of staying alive are so slim. Despite huge efforts, 34 children died in the first week of September 2015 alone. They simply arrived too late to the health facility.

Fighting the odds with tireless workAfter the spike in child deaths in September 2015, ECHO’s partners Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and UNICEF decided to organise a mass campaign to stem the flow of children arriving too late to the clinics. During an entire week, outreach teams went door to door, screening all under-fives – over 30,000 children – for malnutrition and treating more than 16,000 for malaria. Shelters were fumigated and mosquito nets distributed. Making up more than a fourth of the camp’s population, children below five are particularly vulnerable to the deadly com-bination of malnutrition and malaria.

“Stick your head in each 'tukul' [shelter], and ask for any children under five who have not been treated for malaria in the last two weeks!” instructs community outreach

©

EU

/EC

HO

/Anouk D

ela

fort

rie

nurse Helle Petersen. Her clearly tired ‘mobilisers’, sweat trickling down their foreheads in the humid heat, are engaged in the last ‘mop-up’ day of the campaign. Logistics of the campaign were made easier by the redevelopment of the once flooded camp by the In-ternational Organization for Migration (IOM) and the Danish Refugee Council (DRC), both ECHO partners. The site now has proper drainage as well as services, shelters and roads based on a grid system.

In block 7, in the 5th and last sector of the camp, Angelina points to her daughter’s listless body on the mat. Although sick, she hasn’t yet brought her in for treatment. Angelina’s husband died of tuberculosis in March, four months after the family arrived in the camp. Widowed at 26 and a mother of five, she’s now left to fend for herself in a country that is torn by vio-lence and close to economic collapse.

Rejoining the group after being called away for an emergency, Helle is in an upbeat mood. “There were only about 25 patients in the clinic, instead of the usual 100,” she says, suspecting the campaign might already be bearing fruit.

Staying positive and working tirelessly seems to be the only way to keep death at bay in Unity state, the shattered heartland of South Sudan. �

DG ECHO – South Sudan � http://europa.eu/!wq47uT

� Children are in the majority in Bentiu. ECHO’s partner UNICEF is organising education, but space is lacking to build enough schools for the expanding camp population. Nyakhor (in the pink t-shirt) does not know her age. She has been in the camp for 9 months but does not attend school.

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 19 29/01/16 11:43:12

22

With the successful conclusion of the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) – from 30 November to 11 December 2015 in Paris – Jos Delbeke, DG CLIMA’s Director-General, and his colleagues Elina Bardram, who headed the EU Delegation, and Jacob Werksman, one of the EU’s lead negotiators, talk to Commission en direct about their experience in this multilateral negotiation process.

What role did the EU play in reaching global agreement?Jos Delbeke: The Paris Climate Agreement marks a turn-ing point in the history of international climate govern-ance, representing the world’s first legally binding and universal deal to keep global warming well below 2°C.

After the missed opportunity in Copenhagen in 2009 (COP15), great expectations hung over the 195 parties of the Paris Conference and their respon-sibility to secure a better future for our planet, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Europe played a central role, leveraging ambition and – through cooperation and dialogue – agreeing a more contemporary approach to the outdated distinc-tion between ‘developed’ and ‘developing’ countries. Last year, Commissioner Miguel Arias Cañete travelled the world to build a coalition of more than 100 coun-tries. France’s Foreign Minister and President of COP21 Laurent Fabius demonstrated great openness and skill in leading diplomatic efforts towards a balanced and ambi-tious agreement. Many Commissioners, Vice-President Maroš Šefčovič and the EU High Representative Federica Mogherini – and their respective services – were heavily involved in building the success in the run-up to Paris. Thanks to the involvement of Commissioners Pierre Moscovici and Neven Mimica, the EU also confirmed its global leadership in climate financing, facilitating the adoption of a comprehensive set of actions to support the poorest and most vulnerable countries in reducing emissions and adapting to the effects of climate change. The deal was the result of many years of great ambition, deep commitment, and solidarity.

What was it like negotiating in such a complex process?Jacob Werksman: The complexity begins at the EU team level, where years of excellent coordination, communi-cation and sharing of intelligence are required to pre-pare 28 Members States and the EU at the level of Com-missioners, Ministers, and hundreds of diplomats and experts. In the run-up to Paris, we collaborated closely with the Luxembourg Presidency of the EU Council to ensure a united European front. EU coordination meet-ings took place every morning to maintain a consistent and coherent position. At global level, the French Presi-dency of COP21 made great efforts to ensure each party had a voice in the climate debate, with Laurent Fabius chairing sessions into the early hours of the morning on several occasions. In the second week, the pace of the negotiations simply had to change, and Fabius pushed forward increasingly streamlined proposals through Minister-led informal consultations. In the very last stage of the negotiations, following intensive bilateral consultations, Fabius presented a ‘take it or leave it’ compromise, gambling that Parties would accept high ambition options with regard to a few remaining key issues. In the end, complex issues boiled down to a simple choice and Parties chose to accept this historic compromise.

How did you manage to maintain a united EU position?Elina Bardram: The EU position was well rehearsed. We had had the necessary conversations at ministerial level with Member States on the long-term goals and the

OUR STORIES

BEHIND THE SCENES OF COP21 A EUROPEAN AND GLOBAL ACHIEVEMENTby Nilde Marchitto and Zach Hester, CEND

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 20 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

23

transparency and accountability regime, their legiti-mate and substantive concerns had been factored into our position, and open dialogue was maintained at all stages. We are also bound by the Treaty obligations of unity of external representation and loyal coopera-tion. From a political point of view, it would have been very difficult for any one member of the UN to break ranks within its own group or in the larger grouping of 195 countries and to walk away from the Agreement after more than four years of negotiations. So, at the end of the day, we had a united approach and it held.

What was it like at a human level?J. D.: It is physically exhausting. After a while you run on adrenalin, because you have the goal in sight. Only after it is over do you feel the real fatigue. Most people are deeply committed and driven by personal and professional motivation. Like an athlete, you are trained for such an event, knowing it is a marathon rather than a sprint. You are used to getting up early and working late into the night, while retaining a good level of concentration. This can only work on the basis of sound doses of food, water, and sleep. Moreover, the result depends on the outcome of a team in which each member plays a key role, from the secretariat up to the Commissioner. Now we have the Paris Agreement, we all hope the process is going to become a bit more humane.

How did it feel emotionally when agreement was reached?E. B.: When Laurent Fabius announced the adoption of the Paris Agreement, people in the conference centre stood up and cheered with joy and relief. If we had left Paris without an agreement, we would have lost a major opportunity in history. Against the backdrop of the Paris attacks, it was amazing to see global leaders come together and reiterate their full commitment to finding solutions and showing global solidarity. Over the years, we invested so much energy to deliver this complex agreement, we barely realised how stressful it was for our bodies and minds to cope with the anxi-ety and sleepless nights until the conference was over. When the deal was reached, the sense of elation was palpable. We really felt part of history!

How does the media picture differ from reality and what role did they play?E. B.: Differences in opinion are a normal part of ne-gotiations. To make issues interesting, the media may give an article an exaggerated or skewed headline, even if the content is fully consistent with what is going on. This said, the media can be very instru-mental in building ambition and public expectations, as happened in Paris. The high ambition coalition between the EU and ACP countries was really picked up on, breaking the traditional developed/ developing

� From le� to right: Jacob Werksman, one of the EU’s lead negotiators in COP21, Jos Delbeke, DG CLIMA’s Director-General, and Elina Bardram, who headed the EU Delegation.

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 21 29/01/16 11:43:12

24

country divide and pushing other countries to join the coalition.

What are the next steps globally?J. W.: Firstly, there is the pre-2020 process – before the Paris Agreement enters into force. There is much work still to do to get current emissions under control. The so-called Lima-Paris Action Agenda, which aims to mobilise the private sector, local authorities as well as governments, will continue to be a focus. As will delivery on the commitment made in Copenhagen by developed countries to mobilise US$100 billion in public and private funds annually to finance mitigation and adaptation in poor and vulnerable countries.

Secondly, there is the preparation for the Paris Agree-ment’s actual entry into force, once ratified by 55 coun-tries representing 55% of global emissions. We pushed for this provision to avoid a Kyoto Protocol scenario, where the EU rapidly ratified and found itself alone among industrialised countries in being bound by the targets. Our sense is the US will ratify relatively early and do its best to bring China on board. With these two major emitters ratifying, other countries are likely to quickly follow suit. This will allow the EU to complete its package and to join significant emitters and competitors that are already part of the Agreement.

With a clear set of mandates to complete the deci-sions taken in Paris, the UN’s ad hoc group will now work on key elements of the new climate regime’s de-sign – the transparency and accountability system, the reporting review and monitoring rules, a compliance committee, and a new market mechanism. The EU, the US and China will also have to see how they can en-hance their 2025-30 ambitions and targets. These three big emitters account for nearly 50% of global emissions and the G20 for 75%. These figures are really interesting in removing the old distinction between ‘developed’ and ‘developing’ countries which are in reality econom-ic powerhouses. We want to continue our partnerships with China, India, Brazil and South Africa by helping them make the transformation to low-carbon devel-opment, as peers investing in research and technology

and in each other’s economies. In Africa, small islands and more vulnerable countries, investment is likely to shift to renewables, energy efficiency, and resilient agriculture in the framework of our development co-operation.

And ‘domestically’?E. B.: The European Council on 18 December called for the Paris outcome to be assessed, particularly in view of the 2030 climate and energy framework. We are now looking at the impact on existing EU policies and how we take action forward. In due course, we will look at the effort-sharing in Council working groups, with the related legislative proposals being a top priority. We need to do our homework, while continuing and scaling up our efforts in development cooperation and climate diplomacy.

In EU development cooperation, we will need to work out with our DG DEVCO colleagues and partner countries a set of investment principles in line with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (see Dossier, CEND #27) and countries’ Intended Nationally Deter-mined Contributions agreed in Paris.

To conclude, you cannot overestimate the signif-icance of the Paris deal, not just for climate but also for multilateralism and global solidarity, at a time of such fatigue, fears and stresses. It is a real testament to the EU’s negotiation efforts and climate diplomacy in pursuing an ambitious climate policy. While some impacts of climate change can no longer be avoided, we can still make efforts to stay within the 2˚C and – with sufficient global determination – even 1.5˚C. We need to ride the wave now to ensure this transformation becomes unstoppable. �

Jos Delbeke’s presentation to staff � http://europa.eu/!DX34wV

Jacob Werksman’s video interview on My IntraComm � http://europa.eu/!mM67Jw

Paris Agreement on EUROPA � http://europa.eu/!TW48nC

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 22 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

25

In the run-up to the Paris Climate Change Conference (COP 21), Jos Delbeke, Director-General of DG CLIMA, and Peter Vis, Adviser (DG MOVE) and former Head of Connie Hedegaard’s Cabinet, edited a book by Commission climate specialists. Peter Vis, whose contribution to the book was made while he was on the EU Fellowships Programme at Oxford University, talks to Commission en direct about ‘EU Climate Policy EXPLAINED’.

EU CLIMATE POLICY EXPLAINEDby Zach Hester, CEND

OUR STORIES

Why did you produce this book?The book was written by a group of Commission cli-mate specialists to explain why certain policies were chosen by the EU rather than others and to share the lessons learned from these policies. This way other countries can replicate our success and learn from some mistakes made along the way.

So has the EU’s climate policy been successful?Yes, definitely. Measuring emissions the way we do un-der the UN methodologies, the EU managed to com-fortably exceed its commitments under the Kyoto Pro-tocol for the period 2008-12, and we are also on track to exceed Europe’s commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% in 2020 compared to 1990. Indeed, we have already reduced our emissions by 23%, but we would be wise to go further, anticipating the more ambitious 2030 target of 40% reductions that EU lead-ers have committed us to. The most striking statistic is that, since 1990, GDP has increased in the EU by 46% while greenhouse gas emissions have fallen by 23% – based on the latest numbers (more recent than those of the book). This decoupling is not just because of the economic downturn, although that was undoubtedly a contributing factor. It is primarily due to the policies the EU and national governments have put in place, which have resulted in substantial improvements in energy efficiency and carbon intensity, and a leap forward in terms of renewable energy use.

What can be learnt from the EU’s experience?As explained in the book, there has been a considerable amount of ‘learning by doing’ in climate policy at EU level. For example, the EU’s greenhouse gas emissions trading system is the world’s first and largest emissions

trading system. The instrument has done what it set out to do, allowing industry and electricity generators to re-duce emissions in a cost-effective way. Importantly, the system has been improved over the years in a number of respects. Its scope has been extended and the extent of harmonisation strengthened. Amending legislation is now being negotiated with the European Parliament and Council that will make it more robust. This policy – more than any other – has been a particularly striking case of learning by doing.

Another example is that, in the late 1990s, the CO2 emissions per kilometre of passenger cars were covered

� Peter Vis, Adviser (DG MOVE) and former Head of Connie Hedegaard’s Cabinet.

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 23 29/01/16 11:43:12

26

by voluntary agreements with car manufacturers, but these did not work as intended, and targets were missed. The EU therefore went on to impose compulsory perfor-mance standards per car manufacturer. So far, this Regu-lation has worked much better and has been extended, so that by 2021 the average emissions of new cars sold in the EU (per manufacturer) will be 95 grammes of CO2 per kilometre, compared to 124 grammes today. Significantly, also in the context of Volkswagen’s recent admission that it deliberately misrepresented nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions performance in the US and CO2 emissions in the EU for a smaller number of ve-hicles, the passenger car test cycle is expected to be considerably improved from 2017, bringing it closer to ‘real world’ driving conditions. This evolution of policy instruments from voluntary agreements to regulatory standards, and gradual improvement of testing cycles, is all part of this story of the EU learning from practical experience what works best.

What else does the book address?The book’s second thread is about how cost-effective-ness has been maximised by allowing certain flexibil-ities in the application of policies. Flexibility, though, does not mean exemption from the rules. For example, not only must there be sufficient lead-in times but there are also transitional measures and leeway allowed to the Member States or manufacturers according to their circumstances. Taking the CO2 targets for passenger cars again, the targets for the year 2021 were decided in 2013, allowing sufficient lead time, a bonus was al-lowed for ‘ultra-low’ emission vehicles, such as electric vehicles, and the target of 95 grammes was distributed with allowance made for the average weight of the cars produced by each manufacturer. This takes account of the reality that small cars are more likely to comply with emissions targets than large cars. So far, all car manufacturers are on track to comply with their CO2 targets. The policies really appear to be working, even if, as the Volkswagen case shows, continued vigilance is needed.

How can this help implement the COP21 outcome?The Paris Agreement on climate reached in Decem-ber 2015 was based around ‘pledges’ (called ‘Intend-ed Nationally Determined Contributions’) made by 188 countries covering over 90% of global greenhouse gas emissions. These pledges are all different, reflecting big differences between countries in their situations and resources. What they are all doing, however, is committing to a certain amount of policy-making. For many countries, this is the beginning of a process of building climate policies, and much can be learnt from the policy experience of the EU. It would be wrong to suggest that the EU has not made mistakes and its policies are all perfect. But no other region of the world has as many and as effective policies as now exist in Europe. We do not intend to tell anyone what they should do, but what we offer in this book is an overview of different policies for different sectors, and how each of these policies has developed and been strengthened over time. This policy-making experience is still on-going and, given that we need to reduce emissions in Europe by an enormous 80% by 2050, there is a very long way to go. This book is a snap-shot of where we were in 2015, but much hard work remains to be done, in Europe and across the world. �

EU Climate PolicyEXPLAINED

Edited by JOS DELBEK E and PETER VIS

‘EU Climate Policy EXPLAINED’, edited by Jos Delbeke and Peter Vis,

Routledge (UK), 2015.

ISBN 978-9279482618

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 24 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

27

OUR STORIES

At the end of October 2015, DG RTD organised, in collaboration with Net4Society, a high-level conference on ‘Trust: European Research Co-creating Resilient Societies’, that took place at the Royal Academy of Sciences in Brussels. Domenico Rossetti di Valdalbero talks to Commission en direct about the importance of trust and differing opinions about it in Europe.

RESEARCH AND INNOVATIONA MATTER OF TRUSTby Nilde Marchitto, CEND

Why does trust remain a key concept in current debates?Extremism, migration, poverty, security, resource scar-city, climate change – these are just some of the chal-lenges Europe is facing today within and outside its borders. Commenting on the current situation, let me cite what Carlos Moedas, Commissioner for Research, Science and Innovation, stated at the conference: “Eu-rope has been shaken to its very foundations – its European values. Yet, to every great question of our time, Europe is the answer − and I believe the social sciences and humanities can show us how (…) Europe needs our trust in its integrity, purpose and values”. I think these words are as relevant as ever. Moreover, science and research can help us to interpret Europe’s past and give us orientations on future perspectives to better live our present.

The two-day conference served as a forum for re-searchers, policy-makers and stakeholders to discuss various perceptions of trust across Europe. This issue was the special focus of the opening part of the con-

ference ‘Europe in a changing world – Perspectives on 2050’. While a multipolar world takes shape with the rise of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), Europe has manifold problems to face – the economic crisis, an ageing population, and high unemployment, notably among young people. In this complex scenario, trust is a key factor to encourage meaningful relationships, to stimulate innovation and to be confident in business.

What role does European research play in the co-creation of trust?Research has many positive impacts on economics, poli-tics and society, as illustrated during the second part of the conference ‘Research matching society – From visions to actions’. Especially trans-disciplinary ap-proaches, which integrate the socio-economic sciences and humanities, give us reliable indicators to analyse our society’s evolution and foresee suitable measures to build a more trustful Europe.

©

All

rig

hts

reserv

ed

� Le� to right: Domenico Rossetti di Valdalbero, DG RTD; Sean Ryder, Humanities in the European Research Area-HERA; Commissioner Carlos Moedas; Angela Schindler-Daniels, Coordinator of NET4SOCIETY; Peter Dröll, Director for Innovation Union and ERA; Elisabeth Lipiatou, Head of Unit, Refl ective Societies; Philippe Keraudren, DG RTD; Kirsten Drötner, Science Europe; and José Mendes Bota, Member of Cabinet.

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 25 29/01/16 11:43:12

28

We need to consider that both internal and external factors may have a direct influence on trends in Europe. For instance, within the EU, growing inequalities un-dermine growth and stability. Recent figures show that 120 million people are at risk of poverty and 14 million young people are not in education, employment or training. Moreover, the overall unemployment rate is around 12%, with a worrying average unemployment rate of 20% among the youth and considerably more alarming rates in Spain, Greece and Croatia. Converse-ly, on the EU’s external borders, open conflicts, radical-isation and migration challenge Europe’s security and capacity to provide humanitarian assistance.

In this fast changing scenario “what matters in the first place is not trust (per se) but trustworthiness”, as Onora O’Neill, Member of the UK’s House of Lords and Profes-sor at the University of Cambridge, remarked. Europe needs to acknowledge its transformations, and cultural and socio-economic diversities, renewing the legitima-cy of its public policy-making. Innovation in research, dialogue and cooperation with third countries can en-hance the EU’s resilience towards regional and global geopolitical changes. Furthermore, information and communication technologies can contribute to foster-ing awareness on social and scientific issues, contrasting mistrust and promoting citizens’ engagement.

What role can Horizon 2020 play?The last part of the conference ‘Let’s work together – From ideas to innovations’ gave the opportunity to present Horizon 2020 – the European Research and Innovation Framework Programme (2014-20).

The current work programme of Societal Challenge 6 ‘Europe in a changing world –  Inclusive, innova-tive and reflective societies’ was presented in detail. This challenge deals with four calls on ‘Co-creation for growth and inclusion’; ‘Reversing inequalities and promoting fairness’; ‘Engaging together globally’; and ‘Understanding Europe – Promoting the European pub-lic and cultural space’.

‘Co-creation’ deals, among other things, with the empowerment of Europe’s young innovators, the im-provement of economic and social statistics, and the transformation of knowledge into value through inno-vative collaborative models.

‘Reversing inequalities’ seeks, among other things, to enhance European policies’ fairness, thanks both to the analysis of inequalities and radicalisation dynamics and to preventive educational strategies, particularly from an early age.

‘Engaging together globally’ intends to facilitate dialogue with third countries and to strengthen the leading role of Europe in tackling global issues.

Finally, ‘Understanding Europe’ encourages a par-ticipative reflection on issues such as our history, the existence of numerous social diversities across Europe and the variety of our traditions. Furthermore, while fostering digital and wider access to our cultural her-itage, it also aims to promote a better understanding of our society.

Horizon 2020 and Societal Challenge 6 reflect the Commission’s intent to build more resilient societies through research and innovation. People from all over Europe are called to share their talents and have a role in this project.

Building a better Europe is possible; it is just a matter of trust. Trust in people, in Institutions, and among Member States. �

Conference Trust: European Research Co-creating

Resilient Societies

� http://bit.ly/1U7qrOL

Commissioner Moedas’ speech at

the conference – video

� http://bit.ly/1S0qqwX

Professor Onora O’Neill's talk – video starting at 0:17

� http://bit.ly/1Kn5M3P

Trans disciplinary approaches give us reliable indicators toTrans-disciplinary approaches give us reliable indicators to

analyse our society’s evolution and foresee suitable measures

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 26 29/01/16 11:43:12

# F

évr

ier

20

16

29

©

EU

OUR AUDIOVISUAL SERVICES TURN 50 AND EUROPE BY SATELLITE TURNS 20by Nataša Gorsek Mencin, DG COMM

In 2015, the European Union celebrated 50 years of professional radio and television studios and the 20th anniversary of Europe by Satellite.

From the early days of the European project, communicating with European citizens through

sounds and images was recognised as essential. Already back in 1951, broadcasting production existed – locat-ed in Luxembourg and in the Information Offices in Member States capital.

Then in 1965, the Founding Fathers decided to estab-lish the European Communities’ first studios, with the aim of enhancing transparency and people’s understanding of the European project. The so-called ‘radio-television-cinema’ unit was established in January 1965 and the studios were inaugurated in November of the same year by then Commission President Walter Hallstein.

From joining the EBU to launching EbSWhile this new service was very effective for correspond-ents located in Brussels, the media that did not have cor-respondents in Brussels remained dissatisfied. To solve this problem, in the 1970s, the Commission decided to become a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the continent’s alliance of public service media organisations, and its programme exchange system Eu-ropean Video News.

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the number of po-tential users suddenly increased substantially. Along with the private stations, all the broadcasting stations

previously behind the Iron Curtain now also wanted access to EU-related news.

After intensive consultations among the European Institutions, it was decided that the only way to serve these new demands was to have our own satellite chan-nel, so that we could make audiovisual footage available throughout Europe.

During the meeting of the European Council in Birmingham in October 1992, the Heads of State and Government gave their support to this improvement in public relations. Recognising the need to “demon-strate to our citizens the benefits of the Community and the Maastricht Treaty”, the Birmingham Declaration on ‘A Community close to its citizens’ called for more open-ness and transparency “to ensure a better informed public debate on its activities”.

In 1995, the Europe by Satellite (EbS) project was launched, providing raw material for media in real time. When receiving the satellite signal, the users could watch the current EbS news coverage on TV, stream it directly, record or order it. A broad geographical distri-bution of the EbS coverage was guaranteed by rental of satellite space (Eutelsat, Hot Bird, 12.111). In January 2009, the capacity was doubled by the addition of EbS+, a second channel, in response to increasing demand for EU-related audiovisual news.

� President Hallstein inaugurating the studios, 18 November 1965.

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 27 29/01/16 11:43:12

30

Serving today’s growing demandToday, the Commission’s Audiovisual Services (see link in box) located in the Berlaymont building in Brussels have two television studios and one radio studio. Edit-ing and duplication facilities, video crews and filming facilities are available free of charge for the media.

The corporate video production sector (see link in box) provides professional, in-house production and assistance to the Commissioners and the DGs when preparing video clips and other ready-made audiovisual communication materials.

In 2015, EbS transmitted nearly 2,360 hours of pro-grammes, out of which some 1,200 hours were live transmissions. More than half – 1,561 hours, to be precise – were actually used by EU broadcasters. This service supplies not only media clients but is accessible to everybody.

From the beginning, the preservation and conser-vation of audiovisual material was also acknowledged as a key priority. Today we are proud to have a unique

and very rich library of historical photos and videos stored in the Berlaymont archives.

Current and historical materials can be found and downloaded for free from the European Commission Audovisual Portal. In 2015, the Portal had a remarkable 16 million unique visitors – representing a 60% increase in traffic compared to 2014 (see graph on page 31).

“Audiovisual material is now more than ever the corner-stone of communication,” remarks Nathalie Davies, Head of DG COMM’s Audiovisual Services Unit and acting Director of its Strategic and Corporate Communication Directorate. “The last half-century might have seen some major overhauls – technical developments, an ever-changing European political landscape and the whole digital revo-lution – but the Commission’s Audiovisual Services have stayed the course. Happy birthday to the studios and EbS – may we continue providing a professional news service on the EU for many years to come!”

�EbS control room. Nathalie Davies (middle), Head of DG COMM's Audiovisual Services Unit, and Frédéric D’Hondt (le�), Audiovisual Services News Desk.

� Recording session in the studios with Emile Noël, Secretary-General of the Commission for the European Communities, 31 October 1973.

©

EU

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 28 29/01/16 11:43:13

# F

évr

ier

20

16

31

Celebrating the Audiovisual Services’s 50th anniversary and EbS’s 20th anniversary

On 10 December 2015, Margaritis Schinas, the Commis-

sion’s Chief Spokesperson, invited members of the Brussels

press corps present that day to stay and participate in the

joint birthday celebrations of both DG COMM’s Audiovisual

Services and Europe by Satellite (EbS).

Timo Pesonen, DG COMM’s Director-General, opened the

celebrations, evoking his personal early memories of tele-

vision. “I’m bad with numbers, but I do remember that I was born in 1965. My fi rst memory of television is this black box in the corner of our living room – of course we only had one channel in Finland at the time. Then in 1995 I joined the Commission and the Spokesperson’s Service. So my life has basically evolved in parallel with the EC Audiovisual service.”While managed by the Commission, EbS is a true inter-in-

stitutional service, serving and covering all EU Institutions.

Describing EbS as the “perfect illustration of what intensive inter-institutional cooperation can achieve”, Juana Lahousse,

representing the European Parliament and Director-Gen-

eral of its DG COMM, stated: “By working together, we can indeed make a powerful and long-lasting impact. The only

thing that’s worse than being talked about is not being talked about. We’ve given you a lot to talk about for the last 20 years, and I hope we’ll do the same in the coming 20 years.”Reijo Kemppinen, Director-General of the Council’s

DG COMM, considered EbS to be “the result of the strange combination of talent, luck and stubbornness”, and he hoped

for an even closer cooperation in the future. “The challeng-es we’re facing as Institutions are very similar, and mainly about the quality of our services. How to communicate with the Arabic – and Russian speaking world? How do we talk to a 25-year-old who never reads newspapers?”That day European partners also unveiled the new graphic

identity of EbS and highlighted the constant eff orts made to

provide a top-class service through EbS and in the studios.

Audiovisual Services

� http://ec.europa.eu/avservices/

Corporate video production

� http://europa.eu/!mH46Mq

� From le� to right: Margaritis Schinas, Reijo Kemppinen, Juana Lahousse and Timo Pesonen in front of new EbS visuals.

©

EU

Breakdown of users downloading audiovisual content

58.16% Journalists

23.44% EU Institutions

8.00% Governments/Institutions

4.46% Citizens

2.24% Education - Students

2.04% Businesses

1.66% Education - Teachers

Breadown by type of journalism

TV: 41.53%

Press agency: 28.99%

Web: 12.39%

Radio: 10.64%

Written press: 6.45%

4.46%2.24% 2.04% 1.66%

58.16%23.44%

8.00%

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 29 29/01/16 11:43:13

32

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 30 29/01/16 11:43:13

# F

évr

ier

20

16

33

Aviation is one of Europe’s success stories. Airbus is the quintessential

European company and some of today’s largest airlines simply did not

exist until the EU liberalised air transport. But as new challenges and

tough international competition loom in, EU aviation needs to adapt. That

is why on 7 December 2015, the Commission adopted a new Aviation

Strategy to keep Europe ahead of the curve. Commission en Direct investigates.

DOSSIERAVIATION STRATEGYAdapting for the future

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 31 29/01/16 11:43:13

DOSSIER

�The Autonomous Underwateof the marine robotic vehicleexpedition.

1890sFirst documented

gliding fl ights by

German aviation

pioneer Otto

Lilienthal

1903First powered

airplane fl ight

by the Wright

brothers in Kitty

Hawk, North

Carolina

1906First European

airplane fl ight

by Brazilian

aviation pioneer

Santos-Dumont

in Paris

1919First

transatlantic

fl ight by British

aviators Alcock

and Brown

1970Creation

of Airbus

1997Full liberalisation

of the internal

aviation market

– EU airlines can

provide domestic

services in any

EU Member

State

1999Conclusion of

the fi rst EU-level

air transport

agreement with

Switzerland

2002Following the

9/11 attacks in

the United States,

development of EU

Aviation Security

Policy

2002Establishment

of the European

Aviation Safety

Agency (EASA)

to ensure a

uniform level

of safety and

environmental

protection

TIMELINEEUROPE AND AVIATION HISTORY

1909First cross-Channel

fl ight (Calais-

Dover) by French

aviator Blériot

1944Signature of the

Chicago Convention

leading to the

creation of the

International Civil

Aviation Organization

(ICAO). The

Convention remains

the foundation of

bilateral aviation

relations up to today

Top

Otto Lilienthal’s glider, 1895.

© Otto Lilienthal Museum. Photo Alex Krajewksy

Le�

Blériot XI airplane, 1909.

© Musée des arts et métiers – Cnam/photo Patricia Haim

We thank the Musée des arts et métiers (Paris) for the

loan of this picture.

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 32 29/01/16 11:43:13

b6000, one e CODEMAP

2004Adoption of

Regulation

868/2004 against

unfair commercial

practices by non-

EU airlines

2004Adoption of

the fi rst Single

European Sky

package of

legislation to

reform the

architecture of

European airspace

to meet safety,

capacity, effi ciency

and environmental

needs

2005Entry into

force of EU Air

Passenger Rights

legislation in

February

2008Adoption of

Regulation

1008/2008, the

cornerstone of

the EU Single

aviation market

2005Launch of the EU’s external

aviation policy in March, leading

to the conclusion of EU-level

comprehensive air transport

agreements with the Western

Balkan countries, Morocco,

Georgia, Jordan, Moldova,

Israel, the US and Canada

and to the ambitious external

agenda put forward in the 2012

Communication ‘The EU’s External

Aviation Policy’

2015Launch of the Aviation

Strategy for Europe

on 7 December

2016...Time for delivery –

through joint eff orts of

all stakeholders

2005Maiden fl ight

of Airbus A380

on 27 April

Q1 2016Delivery of fi rst

Airbus A320neo,

with 15-20% fuel

effi ciency gains

Top

A380.

© Airbus S.A.S 2005. Photo by e’m company/H. Goussé

Right

A320neo.

© Airbus S.A.S. 2015. Photo by master fi lms/H. Goussé

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 33 29/01/16 11:43:13

36

How can aviation contribute to achieving the Energy Union?Maroš Šefčovič: Aviation is highly relevant for the En-ergy Union, be it from a climate, energy-efficiency or R&D perspective. First and foremost, European aviation is included in the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), which is the cornerstone of our climate policy. Still, we can do more and that is precisely the ambi-tion of the new Aviation Strategy. As an example, we must address the fragmentation of the European sky which adds millions of tonnes of CO2 a year. Avia-tion is also very oil-dependent and by supporting fuel efficiency and advanced biofuels, not only can we reduce its environmental impact but also contribute to our security of energy supply. All of this contributes to the objectives of the Energy Union (see Dossier, CEND #21). Just like the Energy Union has been a collective project involving 14 Commissioners, the preparation of the Aviation Strategy has also involved many Commissioners, as we needed to cover differ-ent policy areas, ranging from competition policy to external relations.

On 7 December 2015, the Commission unveiled its new Aviation Strategy. Maroš Šefčovič, Vice-President for Energy Union, and Violeta Bulc, Commissioner for Transport, explain what is involved.

How important a role does the aviation sector have in meeting climate targets?M. S.: Aviation accounts for around 2% of global green-house gas emissions, but unlike other sectors, its emis-sions are forecast to increase dramatically. Aviation is international in essence, and it is critical to take effective mitigation action at the global level. At the COP21, we fought until the last moment to include aviation in the scope of the deal, which we did not manage to obtain. 2016 offers another chance with the General Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organiza-tion (ICAO) this autumn in Montreal. The EU will reach out to other regions of the world to achieve a global emissions reduction mechanism for aviation, similar to what we put in place in Europe with the ETS. Europe’s ambition is to achieve carbon neutral growth from the air sector as of 2020.

How important is aviation to the EU economy and jobs?Violeta Bulc: Aviation is essential for our economy. It is a strong driver of economic growth, jobs, trade,

AN AVIATION STRATEGY ENSURING SUSTAINABLE JOBS, GROWTH AND SERVICEby Zach Hester, CEND

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 34 29/01/16 11:43:13

# F

évr

ier

20

16

37

and mobility. Let me give you two figures: the sector contributes €110 billion a year to the EU’s GDP, and directly employs 2 million people. The liberalisation of the internal air market in the 1990s made this possible. By removing all commercial barriers within the EU, we allowed the sector to grow and to create jobs and wealth. We now want to recreate this virtuous circle and the Aviation Strategy directly delivers on one of the key priorities of President Juncker – getting Europe to grow again and to create jobs. How? We will, for instance, seek new international aviation agreements, so that EU companies can tap into emerging and growing markets. We will also address capacity constraints within Eu-rope – such as congestion at EU airports, which could otherwise limit growth.

What global changes are affecting European aviation? What are the risks and opportunities?V. B.: Europe faces increasingly tough international competition. As air travel becomes a reality for mil-lions in several of the world’s regions, the centre of gravity of the aviation industry risks shifting away from Europe. In twenty years' time, the Asia-Pacific region will account for 40% of the world's air traffic. If we want our manufacturers, airlines and other businesses to continue to thrive, we need to keep Europe ahead of the curve. Aviation is a strong component of the EU’s global leadership position, and we cannot afford to be marginalised. At the same time, these new markets of-fer tremendous opportunities for European companies. That is why, as part of the Strategy, we propose to ne-gotiate international aviation agreements, for example, with China or ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations). These agreements would improve market ac-cess and investment opportunities, increase Europe’s international connectivity.

What needs to be done to ensure the sector’s sustainable development, notably for the benefit of businesses and passengers?V. B.: European air traffic is expected to grow by 50%

by 2035. The EU needs to adapt to maintain the high-est standards worldwide alongside this growing traffic. This obviously includes safety and security but also the environment, social issues, and passenger rights. The Strategy, for instance, proposes a more effective and efficient regulatory framework for the EU’s safety rules, to provide more flexibility, whilst maintaining the highest standards. In concrete terms, EU businesses could cut the time-to-market for their products. We also propose to move towards a risk and performance-based approach. For passengers, this would, for example, con-tribute to reducing the burden of security checks at airports through the use of new technologies. I already mentioned the international agreements we seek to conclude with a number of key partners. For passengers, they would translate into more routes and frequencies at a lower price.

How can research and innovation help meet the challenges?V. B.: One of the priorities of the Commission is to ensure that Europe reaps all the benefits from digital-isation. In aviation, the deployment and optimisation of information and communication technologies are particularly useful in addressing capacity constraints at EU airports and in the sky. That is why the EU is planning to invest €430 million a year into SESAR, a project which modernises and upgrades the Air Traffic Management technologies. And obviously there are drones. They are already becoming a game-changer in the aviation industry, and I am glad to see that some Eu-ropean companies are amongst the leaders on this new market. But we now need to unleash the full potential of drones. That is why the Aviation Strategy proposes a legal framework to ensure safety and legal certainty for the industry and to address concerns such as privacy. �

An Aviation Strategy for Europe

� http://europa.eu/!uv66PB

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 35 29/01/16 11:43:13

A V I A T I O N S A F E T Y

S I N G L E E U R O P E A N S K Y

• Policy making

• Public institutions

Passengers

Social

dialogue

Challenges of air transport in Europe

Drones

ATM ManufacturersAirportsAirlines

INTERNATIONAL COMPETITORS CONGESTED SKIES

CONGESTED AIRPORTS

PROTECTING PASSENGER RIGHTS

CO2 EMISSIONS

GROWTH AND INNOVATIONS

SKILLED WORKFORCE

MAINTAINING HIGH SAFETY STANDARDS

CYBER SECURITY

DOSSIER

The Aviation Strategy adopted by the Commission on 7 December 2015 seeks to address the various challenges facing air transport in Europe. This includes ensuring a fairer, more level playing fi eld with international competitors and emerging markets through external aviation agreements, ensuring future growth and jobs through increased market access, while maintaining high standards for passengers, safety, security and the environment and providing a proper legal framework for such new technologies as drones.

FACTS & FIGURES

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 36 29/01/16 11:43:13

In 2014, 335 million passengers flewin and out of the EU

42%

72%

covered by external aviation agreements (already signed)

covered by all proposed external aviation agreements (if signed)

Benefits of increased market access

Increased

connectivity

= growth

Increased

competition

= lower prices

Increased number

of routes and flights

= more choice

for passengers, commercial

and business opportunities

0.5%increase in GDP per

capita

+10%in air connectivity

Economic impacts

of airports

ConnectivityThe issue of connectivity – broadly defi ned as the number, frequency and quality of air transport

services between two points – clearly emerged from the public consultation as an important issue

for people travelling, businesses, and the economy at large.

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 37 29/01/16 11:43:13

40

The single EU aviation market has also led to the development of the EU’s external aviation poli-

cy. After the European Court of Justice ruled in 2002 that Member States’ bilateral aviation agreements with third countries were in breach of ‘freedom of establishment’ provisions, the Commission took steps to ensure legal certainty and to put all EU airlines on an equal footing for flights to countries outside the EU. Since 2002, some 50 horizontal agreements have been negotiated and many more third countries have amended accordingly their bilateral agreements with EU Member States. To-day, more than 120 countries recognise the principle of ‘EU designation’ and over 1,000 bilateral air services agreements between Member States and third countries have been brought into conformity with EU law.

Addressing fragmentation and restricted market accessHowever, restrictions and obstacles still abound. For exam-ple, European airlines are still restricted in their ability to access third-country markets, to access different sources of investment (notably foreign investments), and to merge and create large fully integrated airline groups without their traffic rights being called into question. As a key component of the Commission’s new Aviation Strategy, the EU’s external aviation policy should help overcome continuing fragmentation and restricted market access.

Comprehensive EU air transport agreements provide a modern framework for growth through enhancing avi-ation relations with third countries based on common

rules and high standards. The EU has already concluded such agreements with the US and Canada, and is cur-rently finalising one with Brazil. With the new Strat-egy, the Commission intends to go further, asking for authorisations to negotiate comprehensive EU-level air transport agreements with China, ASEAN, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qa-tar, Oman, Mexico, and Armenia. It also recommends negotiating bilateral aviation safety agreements with important aeronautical manufacturing nations such as China and Japan and launching new aviation dialogues with important partners such as India.

The agreement with the Gulf States will be par-ticularly scrutinised, as some in Europe fear possible subsidisation of the Gulf carriers. For this reason, the Commission will seek to introduce a clause of fair com-petition in the agreement. A comprehensive agree-ment with ASEAN would also be important, as ASEAN is a fast growing aviation market and is currently in the process of creating a Single Aviation Market for its population of more than 600 million. The EU and ASEAN already engage in technical cooperation ac-tivities and jointly organised a successful ministerial aviation summit in 2014. A comprehensive aviation agreement is the logical next step to create a close aviation partnership with a combined market with a population of 1.1 billion. It would also be the first EU block-to-block aviation agreement. �

External Aviation Policy � http://europa.eu/!MH77KG

An ambitious EU external aviation policy aims at overcoming restrictions and obstacles outside Europe. The Commission is now paving the way for comprehensive agreements with such key partners as the Gulf States and China.

A SINGLE AVIATION MARKETCONNECTED WITH THE WORLDby Michael Scheerer, CEND

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 38 29/01/16 11:43:13

# F

évr

ier

20

16

41

Currently, Europe’s airports and air traffic man-agement can safely handle up to 33,000 flights

per day. With European air traffic expected to grow by 50% by 2035, the main challenge is to address capacity and efficiency constraints, which cause congestion and delays, increase costs, and seriously impede the sector’s ability to grow sustainably and compete internationally.

Inefficiently managed airspace and slow implemen-tation of the Single European Sky translate into losses of competitiveness and higher costs for airlines. The costs of a fragmented airspace are estimated at over €5 billion a year. Quality, competitive airport services are critical both for passengers and for the competi-tiveness of the EU aviation sector. Congested airports could cost between 434,000 and 818,000 jobs and a loss of between €28 and €52 billion in GDP.

Making the Single European Sky a realityThe Single European Sky is a concrete example of where the EU can make a difference by raising capacity, im-proving safety and cutting costs, while minimising aviation’s environmental footprint. This was the initial ambition more than a decade ago, but the project is still not delivering fully. Despite some progress towards a better performing network, the level of cooperation between Member States’ air navigation service provid-ers is still far from optimal, and the technology used is not harmonised or state of the art.

“EU Member States must overcome these challenges in order to achieve a true Single European Sky, which is one of the most fundamental challenges affecting the performance and competitiveness of the EU‘s aviation system today,” states Violeta Bulc, Commissioner for Transport. A fully optimised air traffic management system, for example,

Completing the Single European Sky (SES) initiative, boosting the efficiency of airport services, tackling the capacity crunch and improving connectivity are important steps to overcoming existing limits to growth in the air and on the ground.

LIMITS TO GROWTHTACKLING CAPACITY AND EFFICIENCY CONSTRAINTSby Michael Scheerer, CEND

would reduce the costs by cutting delays and shorten-ing routes.

As an important step in unleashing the sector’s potential, the Commission urges European Parliament and Council to adopt the Single European Sky (SES2+) proposals, to ensure the effectiveness of functional air-space blocks and network functions and the swift imple-mentation of the EU-wide performance targets.

Tackling capacity constraints is another priority goal. In 2035, according to Eurocontrol, European air-ports could be unable to accommodate some 2 million flights due to capacity shortages. There will be more than 20 airports operating at or near full capacity for six or more hours per day (compared to just three in 2012). The Commission therefore also calls on Parliament and Council to swiftly adopt the revised Slot Regulation, so as to enable the optimal use of our busiest airports and provide clear benefits to the EU economy. �

Tackling limits to growth in the air and on the ground

� http://europa.eu/!MX74vk

DOSSIER

Reduce impact on

the environment

Triple airspace

capacity

Reduce costs of air

traffic management

Improve safety

ten times

-10% co2-50%

x3 x10

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 39 29/01/16 11:43:13

42

This pillar of the Aviation Strategy includes such goals as maintaining high levels of safety with

the revision of basic air safety rules, pursuing a one-stop security approach with key trading partners, contrib-uting to a resilient Energy Union and climate policy, creating high quality jobs, maintaining a strong social agenda, and revising air passenger rights rules.

Safety and security standards are prerequisites for a competitive aviation sector. With air traffic in Europe predicted to reach 14.4 million flights in 2035, 50% more than in 2012, the first objective is to maintain current high safety standards. Many aviation accidents involving European citizens nevertheless happen out-side the EU. The Air Safety List (also known as the ‘black list’) can provide valuable information as to which air-line to choose when travelling abroad. Yet, the Com-mission is committed to do more at the international level, for example, through bilateral safety agreements with key third countries.

With the threat of terrorism to civil aviation likely to stay high for the foreseeable future, security will remain tight at EU airports. The Commission will, however, seek new ways to alleviate the burden secu-rity checks create for passengers, notably through the use of new technologies and by applying a risk-based

approach in full respect of fundamental rights. In the interest of European consumers, the Commission will also give a new push for the swift adoption by the EU co-legislators of new rules on passenger rights.

Triple social A and long-term sustainabilityIn the context of the internationalisation of the indus-try and rising global competition, new employment modes are emerging. The objective of the Strategy is to maintain a highly educated, qualified and experienced workforce. The Commission will support the social di-alogue, notably through the sectorial social dialogue committee on civil aviation, as well as strengthening its analysis on jobs and employment with Member States and interested parties.

Finally, the future competitiveness of the European air transport sector goes hand in hand with its environ-mental sustainability. At the International Civil Avia-tion Organization (ICAO) Assembly in autumn 2016, Europe will therefore reach out to global partners to set up a global mechanism in order to achieve carbon neutral growth from 2020. �

Maintaining high EU standards � http://europa.eu/!YM84CH

Keeping up the highest standards in the world is an important pillar of the Aviation Strategy. The Commission is taking action to keep up high safety levels, passenger rights, environmental standards, and a strong social foundation for workers in the aviation sector.

POSITIVE FOR PASSENGERS POSITIVE FOR AIRLINES

Free of charge up to 48 hours before departure

Passengers compensated for the whole trip if they miss a connection because of a delay

More clarity and easier to understand rules

Correction of spelling

mistakes

Simplification

Misconnected flights Assistance limited to 3 nights

E X T R AOR D I NA R Y

C I R C UMS T ANC E SDefinition and list of

extraordinary circumstances

Compensation Rafter 5 hours instead of 3

HIGH EU STANDARDS INDISPENSABLE FOR GROWTHby Michael Scheerer, CEND

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 40 29/01/16 11:43:13

# F

évr

ier

20

16

43

The Commission is convinced that private and public investments in technology and innova-

tion will ensure Europe’s continuing leadership role in international innovation. And it is putting its money where its mouth is. For example, every year until 2020, the EU will invest €430 million in the Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research project (SESAR). SESAR aims to triple capacity, improve safety by a factor of 10, cut the environmental impact of each flight by 10%, and slash the costs of air traffic management by half. This could result in more than 300,000 new jobs.

From aircraft to dronesWithout aircraft, there is no aviation sector, so main-taining a competitive aeronautical industry – one of the top five advanced technology sectors in Europe – is crucial. The industry already makes huge research and innovation efforts to improve the environmental foot-print of aviation, increase safety, and reduce operational costs. The ‘Clean Sky 2’ public-private partnership is a good example of this. The Commission will contin-ue to push efficient coordination of this partnership, SESAR and other instruments, as well as examine how the Investment Plan for Europe could support the avi-ation sector.

Certification – the gateway from research and de-velopment to market – guarantees compliance with safety and environmental rules. The European Aviation

Safety Agency must be able to prepare and conduct certification efficiently and on time.

Fully exploiting and optimising information and com-munication technologies will also allow important inno-vations. In this respect, EU rules on airline ticket distribu-tion may no longer be fit for purpose. So a rethink will be carried out to see whether revisions are necessary.

Finally, one innovation is already turning the indus-try upside-down. Once the preserve of science-fiction films, drones have suddenly become a commercial re-ality, leaving regulators scrambling to catch up. Drones represent an enormous opportunity, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. But drones have set alarm bells ringing among those concerned about privacy, data protection, security, liability, insurance, and the environment.

Today’s aviation safety rules are not adapted to drones. A risk-based framework is urgently needed. The Strategy therefore proposes a legal framework to ensure safety and legal certainty for industry and ad-dresses concerns related to privacy and data protec-tion, security, and the environment. It must apply to all drones, even the smallest, but the rules must be proportionate, in line with the Commission’s better regulation agenda. �

Innovation, investment and digital technologies � http://europa.eu/!xg94qu

Europe is an aviation giant thanks to innovation. Innovation sparks new ideas, opportunities and technologies that improve competitiveness and strengthen safety and performance. But in the fast-changing world of aviation – with increased competition, environmental challenges and now drones – can European innovation and investment keep up?

150m

50m

Beyond

visual line

of sight

INNOVATION AND INVESTMENTEMBRACING A NEW ERAby Antony Gravili, CEND

FIILMINGGFAARMMINNG

INSPPECTTIOONSS

CCARGO

PHOTTOOGRRAPPHYY

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 41 29/01/16 11:43:14

44

The new Aviation Strategy's preparation has in-volved public consultations, studies, collabora-

tion with all stakeholders from the aviation sector, pres-entations to the European Parliament and the European Economic and Social Committee, and high-level policy debates chaired by the European Political Strategy Cen-tre. And with the stakes for the whole sector being so high, it has been very important to communicate prop-erly about the Strategy's benefits.

The objective of the Aviation Strategy is to ensure that the European aviation sector remains competitive and reaps the benefits of a fast-changing and developing global economy. As such, it contributes to some of the core priorities of the Juncker Commission – boosting Europe's economy, strengthening its industrial base, and reinforcing its position as a global actor.

Listening to a broad spectrum of viewsBut besides the policy, the Aviation Strategy is also a prime example of better regulation. It is a matter of great pride to Commissioner Bulc that, for the first time, a Strategy covers the entire aviation eco-system. But to get there, she and her team undertook a truly collabora-tive process to deliver a strong and effective Strategy. Violeta Bulc frequently says her door is always open. As a member of team Juncker, she is committed to full transparency and a quick glance at her webpage reveals how extensive the consultations have been, from air-lines and industry to NGOs, social partners, airports, and air navigation service providers.

The elaboration of the rules on drones is particu-larly telling in this regard. In the second half of 2014, a public consultation endorsed the need for urgent action at EU level to tap the potential of unmanned aircraft. In March 2015, the Commission, Member States, the industry and civil societies therefore convened in Riga

The preparation of the new Aviation Strategy for Europe has been a very collaborative process right from the beginning.

for a two-day conference. There, they held the first in-depth high-level political discussion at EU level on drones. This resulted in the Riga Declaration 'Framing the Future of Aviation', a document setting out a num-ber of commonly agreed principles to guide the Com-mission's policy-making. As a result, the Commission's draft rules on drones – issued six months later as part of the Aviation Strategy – have benefited from the start from a strong political and technical legitimacy.

During the spring of 2015, the Commission and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) consulted stakeholders on the overall strategy in two complemen-tary consultations. The Commission received around 270 answers from 21 Member States and 10 non-EU countries, already hinting at the strong international di-mension of the Strategy. EASA received over 6,000 com-ments from Member States and stakeholders, which contributed to a 'technical opinion' the Agency deliv-ered to the Commission. This opinion touched upon most of the issues addressed as part of the Strategy – safety, security, research, environmental protection, and efficient use of resources within the European aviation safety system.

Expert studies, advice and external evaluationWhen preparing the Strategy, the Commission also extensively relied on expertise and advice. Two studies were contracted to support the impact assessment pro-cess. The first study – on resources – analysed the avail-ability, efficiency of utilisation and evolution of human resources of aviation authorities, as well as the financing of the European aviation safety system. It concluded, for example, that differences in working methods be-tween national aviation authorities and differences in the way these authorities are financed have an adverse

BUILDING AND COMMUNICATING THE STRATEGYby Joshua Salsby, BULC CABINET, and Alexis Perier, DG COMM

DOSSIER

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 42 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

45

impact on the creation of a level playing field within the EU’s common aviation market. The second study, which was subject to a peer review by industry and Member States’ experts, explored the possibilities of in-troducing performance elements into the management of aviation safety. This principle eventually became a cornerstone of the Aviation Strategy. The Commission finally took into account recommendations from the sub-group on the future EU aviation, which is notably made up of the Directors-General of Civil Aviation of 14 EU/EFTA countries.

Communicating the StrategyThe relevance of aviation to our economy and the involvement of all the stakeholders in the making of the Strategy led to great expectations, also among the general public. With this in mind, DG MOVE created a user-friendly website (see link below), containing 18 infographics covering all aspects of the Strategy. Designed as a living tool, the website will continue to be regularly updated as the Strategy is being rolled out over the next years.

On 7 December, both Vice-President Maroš Šefčovič and Commissioner Bulc took to the Commission’s press room to present the Strategy and answer media ques-tions. During the days following the official launch of the Strategy, Commissioner Bulc then presented her vision for European aviation in interviews and opin-ion pieces published in newspapers from 13 Member

States. On 8 December 2015, the day after the Strategy’s adoption, she actively and directly engaged with stake-holders and concerned citizens through a Twitter chat. Later that day she presented the Strategy to the Euro-pean Parliament's Transport Committee, followed by an extensive question and answer session. There was also a presentation during the Transport Council of 10 De-cember. Finally, on 20-21 January 2016, Commissioner Bulc formally presented the Strategy to stakeholders and Transport Ministers gathered at Amsterdam Airport for the Aviation Summit, which kick-started the work under the Dutch Presidency.

If 2015 was the year of the elaboration of the Strategy, 2016 will be the time for its delivery. To that end, the Commissioner and her team will continue to actively engage with all partners. During the following months and years, the Commission will deliver on its ambitious action plan set out in the Strategy. So, stay tuned! �

An Aviation Strategy for Europe on EUROPA � http://europa.eu/!uv66PB

Air consultations � http://europa.eu/!Hp83Md

Communication on civil aviation and establishing a EU

Aviation Safety Agency � http://europa.eu/!Rf84DC

Violeta Bulc’s #AviationChat � http://bit.ly/1S89Ug6

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 43 29/01/16 11:43:14

46

What sorts of leaks cases does IDOC deal with?The most recent cases have involved leaking sensitive information, including draft policy papers and inter-nal reports. The policy papers were leaked at the time that internal discussions were going on at DG level or among a small group of DGs, in other words before the inter-service consultation, and prior to any discussion by the College.

Why are leaks so problematic?Leaks have an impact on the organisation on a num-ber of levels. Firstly, sending information to one stake-holder before others are informed can give that stake-holder an advantage. This can raise questions about the Commission’s independence in the policy-making cycle. Secondly, leaks put the Commission’s reputa-tion at risk, as they can give the impression that the confidentiality of policy debates can be compromised. In addition, leaks can lead to a hardening of policy

positions among partners, thus making the search for consensus more difficult. It really is a lose-lose situation for all concerned.

So why do people do it?Our investigations have generally uncovered situations where staff have developed overly close working rela-tions with lobbyists and stakeholders, or where they have blatantly ignored the document’s security mark-ings. In some cases, staff believed that their network of contacts was trustworthy and that they were helping to advance the debate. In others, they thought leaking would do no harm.

Is IDOC advocating a retreat from transparency?Not at all. The Commission takes a very clear, pro-active approach to engaging and communicating with citizens across the board, as well as with more specialist audi-ences in more specific policy contexts. Smart stakehold-

Leaking documents can both damage the fairness of the policy-making cycle and the Commission’s reputation. Karen Williams, Director of the Commission’s Investigation and Disciplinary Office (IDOC), explains why.

©

EU

WHY INFORMATION LEAKS DAMAGE THE COMMISSION’S REPUTATIONby Zach Hester, CEND

AU QUOTIDIEN

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 44 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

47

er outreach is part and parcel of our policy on Smart Regulation. Stakeholders have a great deal of expertise to contribute in the policy cycle. The Your Voice in Europe website launched some 60 consultations last year. This is in addition to the many workshops, expert groups, and outreach events organised every year.

But to ensure that all stakeholders are treated equal-ly, there have to be clear rules about how and when we consult our stakeholders. Once the consultation phase is concluded, the work comes back inside the Institution, and this ‘space to think’ is vital if we are to engage in a strong and healthy debate amongst DGs and Services prior to launching the political decision-making process at College level.

Once the College has taken its decision, another stage in the ongoing outreach can begin. Here the Spokesperson’s Service and Commission Representa-tions are very much in the limelight.

So staff need to make sure they understand at what point in the policy cycle they are, and what rules ap-ply to the disclosure of information at that point in time. As a rule of thumb, any unauthorised disclosure of non-public information to third parties constitutes a leak. And if you don’t know, ask! “I didn’t know” is generally a poor line of defence in any disciplinary proceedings.

Are leaks to the media a particular problem?In the cases that IDOC has handled, we have not found evidence of direct leaks to journalists or to media or-ganisations. What tends to happen is that once a docu-ment is sent out to a contact, control is lost over what happens next. The staff members concerned are usually quite surprised and shocked that the document is then mentioned in the media. So the lesson really is to make sure that you understand who you can circulate your document to, and when you can circulate it. If in doubt, ask your line manager. I am sure they would prefer to talk over your questions beforehand, rather than sort out the consequences afterwards.

t).

For further information

Need to protect a document, but not sure

where to start? This My IntraComm page

sets out the basic guidelines to follow.

� http://europa.eu/!yq88yN

The IDOC home page gives an overview of the work

of the Offi ce, together with FAQs,

a Practical Guide to Disciplinary Proceedings,

and links to IDOC Annual Reports.

� http://europa.eu/!Ty88Mr

What are the disciplinary consequences of leaking documents?Like all breaches of statutory obligations, leaks can have disciplinary consequences. The sanctions that can be imposed on staff by the Appointing Authority range from warnings all the way through to dismissal. In a number of recent cases handled by IDOC, the Appoint-ing Authority took a decision to impose a financial sanction on the officials concerned. This is to say that staff members were downgraded on a permanent basis, or for a set period of time.

How does IDOC contribute to raising awareness of leaks?Each year, we publish a short summary of the main cases that we have worked on, as part of the IDOC Annual Report. We also go out and talk to colleagues across the Commission, as well as in the EEAS and the Executive Agencies, with whom we have Service Level Agreements. We are always happy to try to tailor our presentations to the needs of different services. Don’t hesitate to contact us if you would like to find out more about what we can offer. �

Staff need to make sure they understand at what point in theStaff need to make sure they understand at what point in the

policy cycle they are, and what rules apply to the disclosure of

information at that point in time

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 45 29/01/16 11:43:14

48

Some new features have been introduced recently in Ares for an even more modern and swift e-signatory.

An e-signatory is an electronic approval workflow. It is launched in order to obtain a signature on

a document before sending it to the recipient. It takes the original document through a chain of colleagues, revisions and modifications to the final signature.

What are the advantages of an e-signatory?• It is fast and saves time, especially for internal docu-

ments. There is no need to wait for the paper document to arrive on the validator’s desk which in the past could take hours (Commission offices in different buildings), days (Commission offices in different European cities) or even weeks (EU Delegations worldwide). Ares is used not only by Commission staff but also by the EEAS and Executive Agencies.

• Commission colleagues are no longer tethered to a desk in an office but are gradually becoming a modern mo-bile workforce, connected by computers, smartphones, and other devices.

• Archiving is done electronically. Not only does this lead to the elimination of bulky physical records, saving of-fice storage and desk space but is also an accurate form of record keeping.

• It is easy to use, as editing can be done on line and modifications are traced.

• It is secure and, unlike the paper signatory, cannot be forged. This is particularly important when the Com-mission is under pressure to provide enhanced secu-rity of data, better accountability and traceability. An e-signatory ensures all documents and agreements are seen and signed by the right person at the right time – with no need to keep a paper version ‘just in case’, unless paper and blue-ink signatures are required for legal reasons.

e-signatory in the CommissionThe tools to e-sign quickly and efficiently have been widely available for some years.

The Commission’s 2004 provisions on electronic and digitised documents –  Commission Decision 2004/563 and Implementing Rules [SEC(2009) 1643] – define the framework for the electronic signature of Commission documents and determine the condi-tions under which e-signed documents are considered as valid. In fact, a ‘blue-ink’ signature is not required for most administrative documents drawn up by the Commission.

Is everyone already using the e-signatory?Not yet! The e-Domec Steering Committee in 2013 took stock of progress towards a ‘Paperless Commission’, and was disappointed that on average only 49% of documents had an e-signatory. It therefore set a target of at least 80% in all services by 2014.

However, by 2014, still only 60% of internal and outgoing documents had an electronic validation work-flow. Many services continued to use paper validation lists which are then registered and attached as annexes to a document registered in Ares. There are no technical or procedural reasons for this.

In November 2014, the e-Domec Steering Commit-tee called for further improvements to the e-signatory tool, which had now been deployed. It is now pos-sible to add supporting documents, preview attach-ments, better protect attachments of signed documents, apply an e-stamp on registered documents, attach a scanned copy of the hand-signed document as a cour-tesy copy, and indicate the presence of a parallel paper workflow.

E�SIGNATORY SAVING TIME AND MAKING SIGNATURES MORE SECUREby Pauline van Greuningen-Smith, SG

AU QUOTIDIEN

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 46 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

49

La famille des formations «Ariane», sur le processus décisionnel de l’UE, s’agrandit. En

plus des cours présentiels connus de tous, l’équipe SG Ariane vous propose de nouvelles formations en ligne, en anglais et en français. Ainsi, les modules Ariane I «La méthode de l’Union et la Commission européenne» et «Consultation interne et adoption par le collège» sont d’ores et déjà disponibles dans Syslog. Début 2016, les cours Ariane I «Planification stratégique et programmation» et «Elaboration des politiques et amélioration de la réglementation» ainsi que le cours Ariane II «Le registre» viennent étoffer son offre e-learning.Ces e-learnings sont accessibles depuis Syslog Web Formation (voir lien ci-dessous). Vous pouvez les suivre à votre propre rythme, depuis votre bureau ou en connexion à distance.En parallèle, l’équipe SG Ariane a renouvelé son identité visuelle et a mis en place une campagne d’information pour mieux faire connaître ses for-mations en présentiel et e-learning:• Ariane I (principes et procédures du processus déci-

sionnel interne et interinstitutionnel) – formations particulièrement intéressantes pour les nouveaux arrivés à la Commission;

• Ariane II – formations spécifiques et plus appro-fondies sur les différentes procédures du processus décisionnel;

• Ariane III – formations recommandées aux uti-lisateurs des outils informatiques du processus décisionnel.

A noter que certaines formations Ariane II – sur les procédures – et Ariane III – sur l’utilisation des applications informatiques concernées – sont com-plémentaires (groupes d’experts, comitologie, etc.) �

Wiki Ariane � http://europa.eu/!wT99Ng

Syslog Web Formation � http://europa.eu/!Kq87kH

Voir l’onglet «Mon environnement d’apprentissage»

Leading the change processThese newly introduced features should significantly increase confidence in using the e-signatory to elec-tronically sign documents. The tools are there and there’s plenty of help available for everyone to learn how to use them.

But modernisation cannot be achieved by simply adopting new IT tools and functions alone – it requires changing habits and adopting the procedures that the tools support. Change also needs to be led by example. Managers are, therefore, encouraged to sign directly and only by electronic means all internal and external documents wherever possible. �

Training “How the Ares e-signatory could facilitate our

daily work?” � http://europa.eu/!fC38GC

Some e-signatory 'champions' have their say

Formations «Ariane» maintenant en ligne

A mobile and

fl exible working

environment also

leads to a good

work/home life

balance.”Marc Mouligneau,

Director, OIB

It is easy to use,

editing can be

done on line and

modifi cations

can be easily

traced.”Paola Amadei,

Head of Delegation,

Jamaica

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 47 29/01/16 11:43:14

50

Why all this interest in mindfulness?There’s an enormous amount of hype about mind-fulness. This is a risk – because when anything gets popular, it gets denatured usually and dumbed down, and then pretty soon something else will be à la mode. The reason why mindfulness is on everybody’s lips is because of the last 36 years of scientific investigation of the effects of practising and cultivating mindfulness among different groups of people.

It started out with my work and the work of my colleagues at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center with people falling through the cracks of the health care system with chronic pain, chronic diseas-es – from heart diseases to cancer – and stress-related disorders. Medicine may be very effective at treating medical conditions. But we are not treating medical conditions, we are treating human beings.

So what is mindfulness about?Mindfulness is spoken of often as the heart of Buddhist meditation. But even the Buddha 2,600 years ago didn’t invent it. Buddhism just gave the world the most elabo-rate and sophisticated articulation of mindfulness. But mindfulness is just another word for awareness. That awareness is coupled with attention – you can’t really inhabit or taste awareness without paying attention. Awareness is not captured by a particular culture or spiritual tradition. It is really universal. So this is not about becoming a Buddhist. Even Buddha was not a Buddhist. What the word Buddha means is ‘awake’. So the question is in some sense – are we sleepwalking our way through our lives and is it possible to wake up while we are still alive?

How to start?One very interesting place to start would be your own life. How are you in relationship to your own life? Are you living in the narrative of your life? Or are you ac-tually living your life? Because you could be living in the narrative of your life for 30-40 years, and wake up one day, like Henry David Thoreau, the American poet, philosopher and author of 'Walden', and say to yourself I got the whole thing wrong, and then die.

When we pay attention to where our mind is, which is how you cultivate mindfulness, we discover we are almost always in the future or the past. And yet we are only alive in this moment. We can only express love or learn or inspire someone else or breathe the air outside in this moment.

We are in the future when we are planning for how things should be and worrying about whether they will or won’t be that way. It’s a bit like driving with the emergency break on. That’s a significant cause of burn-out in organisations. Have you noticed there is no end to your to-do lists? It’s problematic if you forget the most important thing, because you are lost in all the trivial things.

And when we are not in the future, what’s our favour-ite occupation? Being in the past, in memory. The good old days or the bad old days, and all these narratives or stories we create about ourselves and why it didn’t work out the way it was supposed to and who is to blame for it, because it could certainly not be us.

How do we know this?When we put someone in an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scanner and ask them to do nothing, they

AU QUOTIDIEN

MINDFULNESS WHAT SCIENCE TELLS US ABOUT PRACTISING AWARENESSby Zach Hester, CEND

Commission en direct talks with Professor Jon Kabat-Zinn, founder of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and the Center for Mindfulness in Medicine, Health Care, and Society, about the science of mindfulness and the benefits of practising awareness.

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 48 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

51

Practising mindfulness

at the Commission

Meditation and silent practice groups meet for short guided

sessions (o�en just 10-20 minutes) at various locations in

Brussels, including in Beaulieu, rue de Genève, Covent Garden,

rue du Luxembourg, rue Joseph II, and rue Montoyer, as well as

at the Publications Office in Luxembourg.

Check out the schedules on Yammer.

� www.yammer.com/ec.europa.eu/notes/506424

start thinking. The ‘story of me’. It takes an enormous amount of energy and it is located in what is called the ‘default-mode network’ in the midline pre-frontal and frontal cortex. In a study from the University of Toronto, when medical patients followed an eight-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction programme, anoth-er region of the brain became active – a lateral region – related to experiencing themselves in a non-narrative way, like, say, just experiencing breathing.

We almost never pay attention to our breath. It’s not on our to-do list, it’s just in the background. Mindful-ness invites people to ‘surf’ on the waves of our breath sensations – in our belly, nostrils, chest, wherever they are most vivid – and to suspend judgement, focusing simply on the feeling of the breath coming in and going out in the present moment.

Breath is just one of an infinite number of potential objects that we might pay attention to and become aware of. Mindfulness is not about the breathing, it is about the awareness of the experience. This experiential mode of self-referencing is outside of time. This is very foreign to us, because we are almost always defaulting – that’s why it’s called the ‘default mode network’ in neuroscience – to falling into thought.

If we investigate our thoughts, we see right away that most of them are highly inaccurate, either not true at all or only partially true. Yet we can believe them for decades. They can ruin our relationships – with ourselves, our children, our parents, our lovers. If we cultivate awareness or mindfulness, an equally powerful capacity that’s inherent to us, we can hold any thought, emotion, or circumstance arising in our lives and have a new perspective on it, because we are adding dimen-sions to our experience.

So why is this important?This practice of awareness is about tapping into deep, hidden resources for learning, healing, deep insights and transformation. It may sound lofty, but it’s about dissolving boundaries and collective illusions. It’s a com-mitment to waking up as a species after thousands of

©

Joshua S

impson

years of killing our neighbours, killing each other and denying each other’s humanity. It’s about discovering what the nature of the human mind and heart truly is.

Mindfulness is a countervailing force for goodness, kindness and intelligence. It can help elevate us to our common humanity – through direct experience. The question is whether we, as a species, can rise to the occa-sion and tackle suffering, ignorance and greed. �

Jon Kabat-Zinn's talk on the mindful leader at EUSA

� http://europa.eu/!Bt79TY

Center for Mindfulness in Medicine,

Health Care, and Society

� www.umassmed.edu/cfm/

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 49 29/01/16 11:43:14

52

AU QUOTIDIEN

INTERINSTITUTIONAL CONFERENCE REACHES OUT TO STAFF WITH DISABILITIESby Nilde Marchitto, CEND

The first interinstitutional conference to mark the International Day of Persons with Disabilities took place in December 2015, as a joint initiative between the Commission, the European Parliament, and the Council.

The conference opened with the projection of the video ‘Voices of colleagues with a disability’,

which highlights personal experiences of some of our colleagues with disabilities. Kristalina Georgieva, the Commission’s Vice-President for Budget and Human Resources, and Irene Souka, DG HR's Director-General, together with William Shapcott, Council's Director-General for Administration, and Herwig Kaiser, the European Parliament's Director-General for Personnel, then participated in a panel discussion, focusing on their Institution's disability policy and highlighting achievements and ways to improve.

Vice-President Georgieva announced the Commis-sion’s adoption of a draft European Accessibility Act on 2 December 2015. She also highlighted the exis-tence of a binding framework for all EU Institutions for the inclusion of persons with disabilities – the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). This Convention aims to ensure that peo-ple with disabilities can fully enjoy their rights and freedoms in a barrier-free environment and participate in society on an equal basis with others. Irene Souka,an-nounced that her DG is currently working on a docu-ment to mainstream disability and its management in the Commission.

Manifold responsibilities and moral dutyWilliam Shapcott considered: “EU Institutions have the moral duty to reflect the diversity in European society, set a good example, and defend our common values.” In fact, recent EU surveys show that between 10% and 15% of the EU population aged 15-64 report a disability. Moreover, people may develop temporary or perma-nent disabilities during their professional life.

The EU Institutions have manifold responsibili-ties in respect of disability. Herwig Kaiser stressed the need for the Institutions to provide environments with reasonable accommodations – modifications or adjustments to a job or the work environment – that will enable a qualified applicant or employee with a disability to participate in the application process or to perform essential job functions. He also emphasised the importance of raising awareness among staff to fight discrimination and promote inclusion.

The conference, which was webstreamed, ended with the projection of a video on depression produced by the World Health Organization and entitled ‘I had a black dog, his name was depression’.

Mental health disorders –  depression, anxiety and stress-related problems – may cause invalidity, representing one of the major causes of sick leave in EU Institutions. The video shows how to recognise symptoms of depression and stresses the importance of asking for immediate treatment from adequate health services.

The Commission, in particular, is leading different initiatives to foster health and well-being in its work environments, raising awareness about how to ask for support to its Medical Services in Brussels, Lux-embourg and Ispra. �

Interinstitutional conference video � http://europa.eu/!Fp74dr

The WHO's video 'I had a black dog, his name

was depression' � http://bit.ly/1ONRMAU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 50 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

53

La Commission a décidé de nommer

NOMINATIONS

Marjeta Jager

directeur général adjoint DG DEVCO

Sabine Juelicher

directeur direction «Sécurité de la chaîne alimentaire» DG SANTE

Claire Bury

directeur général adjoint DG CONNECT

Francisco Fonseca

Morillo directeur général adjoint DG JUST

John Berrigan

directeur général adjoint DG FISMA

Sixtine Bouygues

directeur général adjoint DG COMM

Benjamin Angel

directeur direction «Finances, relations avec le groupe BEI, la BERD et les IFI» DG ECFIN

Karen Banks

directeur général adjoint SJ

Ilze Juhansone

secrétaire général adjoint SG

Lawrence Meredith

directeur direction «Voisinage oriental» DG NEAR

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 51 29/01/16 11:43:14

54

# Fé

vrie

r 20

16

55

Ken Ducatel directeur direction «Sécurité informatique» DG DIGIT

NOMINATIONS

Margaritis Schinas directeur général adjoint DG COMM

Peter Wagner chef du «Groupe d’appui à l’Ukraine» DG NEAR

Jean-Eric Paquet secrétaire général adjoint SG

Ilkka Salmi directeur direction «Sécurité» DG HR

Klaus Meyer-Koeken directeur direction «DGT.A – Traduction» DGT

Paraskevi Michou secrétaire général adjoint SG

La Commission a décidé de muter

La Commission a décidé de nommer

# F

évr

ier

20

16

55

L’augmentation de l’espérance de vie a un effet direct sur un problème sociétal qui a littéralement explosé ces dernières années: le nombre de personnes qui, en raison de leur état de santé, se voient désigner un administrateur de biens et placées ainsi sous tutelle.

PENSIONNES SOUS TUTELLE LE SERVICE SOCIAL EST VIGILANTpar Monique Théâtre, DG HR

La mise sous administration provisoire est une mesure radicale visant à protéger des person-

nes majeures qui ne sont plus en état de gérer leurs biens. Une décision judiciaire leur assigne une per-sonne chargée de prendre en leur nom les décisions les concernant. Cette mesure entraîne la perte partielle ou totale de la libre disposition de leur patrimoine. L’administrateur provisoire doit gérer, en bon père de famille, tous les biens de la personne protégée ou, en fonction de la décision, l’assister dans cette gestion.

Si la plupart des administrateurs gèrent conscien-cieusement les biens de leurs administrés, il peut malgré tout y avoir des «dérapages». En octobre 2013, un avo-cat bruxellois a été lourdement condamné pour avoir escroqué ainsi une centaine de «clients» et les avoir dépouillés de sommes parfois importantes.

Cette affaire, qui a fait grand bruit, a conduit le service social en charge des pensionnés à s’intéresser plus particulièrement au sort des anciens collègues en difficulté et placés sous tutelle.

Un devoir de sollicitudeA l’heure actuelle, quelque 250 pensionnés de la Com-mission sont sous le régime d’administration provisoire de leurs biens. Pour certains d’entre eux, la famille est inexistante ou, comme c’est malheureusement parfois le cas, se désintéresse totalement de la situation du proche. Le sort de la personne protégée se trouve alors entièrement dans les mains de son tuteur. Eu égard au devoir de sollicitude de la Commission à l’égard de ses pensionnés, les assistants sociaux à Bruxelles ont donc décidé d’agir en amont. En collaboration avec le PMO, un courrier est adressé à l’administrateur de biens dès qu’une situation de mise sous tutelle est connue. Ce dernier est invité à prendre contact avec le service social

pour toutes questions d’ordre administratif ou relatives à la situation sociale de son administré. De même, une information spécifique concernant le RCAM, système intra-communautaire mal connu du grand public, est fournie. Même si, en général, peu de suites sont ré-servées à ces invitations, il est important que la Com-mission manifeste sa préoccupation à l’égard de la situa-tion de ces anciens collègues et fasse part de sa vigilance quant à un traitement correct de leur situation tant morale que pécuniaire.

Outre les compétences professionnelles, les quali-tés humaines d’un administrateur provisoire sont très importantes afin qu’il gère au mieux les biens de la personne. La coopération avec le service social de l’institution s’avère donc un atout à valoriser afin que la personne protégée bénéficie des meilleurs services possibles et puisse conserver ainsi une qualité de vie digne et sereine. �

Service social pensionnés

� http://europa.eu/!rm46Uq

GENERATIONS

©

Foto

lia

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 53 29/01/16 11:43:14

FREIZEIT

� ‘The Wall of Life’.© La Bolleur.

� ‘FabCity’.© STUDIONINEDOTS SLeM

KopJava denkers

� Justus Lipsius Atrium.© XML

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 54 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

57

During its Presidency of the Council, which runs until 30 June 2016, the Netherlands

wants to get citizens more closely involved in the work of the Union. Over this period, Amsterdam will attract around 20,000 politicians and civil servants from across Europe to attend Council meetings held at the National Maritime Museum and other events in the surrounding dockyard area.

The capital will also become a crossroads for a new generation of artists, designers and innovative think-ers – the ‘New Europeans’. They will ask for contri-butions from diplomats and citizens to represent the future of Europe, while transforming the city into a lively and inspiring capital of culture.

A visitors’ centre located near the Presidency venue presents the history and work of the Union through photos, videos and interactive installations. The three main projects in the Netherlands are ‘The Wall of Life’, ‘FabCity’, and ‘On Stage’. The ‘Europe by Peo-ple, the future of everyday living’ cultural programme also has a busy agenda of exhibitions and events in Brussels.

‘The Wall of Life’ and ‘FabCity’The ‘New Europeans’ team is using a 450-meter brick wall in the docklands in central Amsterdam as a background for temporary art installations and performances to answer the question “What kind of Europe do we want to live in?” The idea is to inspire the Council’s activity with a wide and fresh vision on current issues such as migration, privacy, sustain-ability, urban development, social innovation, and international conflict. Other artists – Dina Danish,

Ronald Rietveld, Henk Wildschut, David Bade, Rai-mond Wouda and Robin De Puy – will enrich this dynamic project, with billboards and the ‘New Euro-peans’ programme changing each month.

On Kop Java Island in the river Ij, a temporary, self-sufficient campus called ‘FabCity’ tests and exhib-its prototypes and smart solutions for a green urban culture. Conceived by imaginative artists and design-ers, the city has used recycled materials – straw, hemp, cardboard, steel, recycled plastics and concrete – in the 50 pavilions’ construction, has its own independent grid system, using wind turbines and solar panels as sources of renewable energy, and is warmed by com-posting systems called ‘biomeilers’. Water from the riv-er Ij is used for many purposes and food is provided lo-cally by fishermen, farmers, and supermarkets.

From April to June, ‘FabCity’ will function as a cam-pus for around 400 students and young professionals from the Netherlands and around Europe. They will attend different workshops, lectures and seminars to solve current urban issues and find green solutions, as well as collaborating with local people and businesses. Primary school children and the general public will also be engaged in designing and implementing other creative and sustainable projects.

‘On stage’The ‘On stage’ component of ‘Europe by People’ has a very extensive programme of performances, exhibi-tions, lectures, debates and other cultural projects in Amsterdam, but also in Brussels and beyond.

Many artists will share their ideal of a future Europe through words, images, plays, dance and music, such

‘Europe by People, the future of everyday living’ – the Dutch Presidency’s cultural programme – was launched on 4 January with the aim of shaping Europe’s future in a co-creative way.

‘EUROPE BY PEOPLE’ THE DUTCH PRESIDENCY’S CULTURAL AGENDAby Nilde Marchitto, CEND

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 55 29/01/16 11:43:14

58

as the monologue ‘In Search of Europe’ by the TV pre-senter and theatremaker Lucas de Man.

After ‘LIVEurope’ focused on the European music scene and its pop talents at the end of January, a dance competition called ‘House Dance Forever’ takes place on 5-10 February and numerous festivals will run from March to June when ‘Europe by People’ will reach its climax. Five different European theatre companies will work together during the ‘Festival Europe Now 2016’, the Dutch comedian Jan Jaap van der Wal will inau-gurate the ‘European Comedy Festival’, and, finally, an impressive group of theatre and dance graduates will be in the spotlight during the ‘Its Festival’.

‘Europe by People’ in BrusselsIn Brussels, the ‘Europe by People’ programme got started in the Justus Lipsius building, the Council’s headquarters, with the creative installations by the Dutch architects XML and designer Jurgen Bey.

In late February, BOZAR will present three inter-linked exhibitions. ‘Theo van Doesburg. A New Ex-pression of Life, Art and Technology’ will explore the Dutch art movement De Stijl and the works of one of its founder. ‘Imagine Europe in Search of New Narra-tives’ will show different future visions of Europe by artists, scientists, and thinkers. ‘Rembrandt in black and white’ will focus on 80 original etchings of one of the most important Dutch artists of the XVIIth century.

In April, contemporary Dutch artists will take part in the latest edition of ‘Poppositions’, an alternative art fair held during Art Brussels.

Music is also central. During the ‘Klarafestival’ at the beginning of May, the Netherland’s Radio Philhar-monic Orchestra, conducted by the Venezuelan Gus-tavo Dudamel, will perform major works by Russian masters Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Igor Stravinsky, and Chinese composer Tan Dun.

Indierock, hiphop, soul, progressive jazz and warm electronic beats will sound during the two-day festival organised at the Ancienne Belgique on 28 May, and in Melkweg in Amsterdam the day after.

A number of film festivals will also take place in the Belgian capital, while writers from all Europe will join a series of seminars called ‘Need or Necessity’ running 21-25 March.

‘SupervliegSuperMouche’, a unique arts festival aimed at children, will take place at the beginning of the summer at the Park van Vorst in Amsterdam.

By encouraging the active involvement of citizens throughout its cultural programme, the Netherlands Presidency wants to build ‘a Union that connects’, while boosting creativity and promoting exemplary sustainable solutions for Europe’s future. �

The Dutch Presidency’s Cultural programme � http://europebypeople.nl/

‘In Search of Europe’ by Lucas de Man.© Phile Deprez

‘The Relevance of Dance’ by Fernando Belfi ore.© Gianinna Urmeneta Ottiker

‘Metamorphosis’ by Anastasiia Liubchenko.© Mime Wave

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 56 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

59

Luxembourg City Film Festival 201625 février-6 mars, Cinémathèque, Ciné Utopia,

Utopolis et autres lieux, Luxembourg

Véritable panorama de la création contemporaine inter-nationale, le Luxembourg City Film Festival propose une sélection de fictions et documentaires en 130 séances.Le festival, qui aspire à l’éducation à l’image, a conçu une programmation pour le jeune public ainsi que nombre d’ateliers encadrés par des professionnels de «Petit Ours brun» pour les plus petits à «Meet the pros» pour les plus grands, ou encore des ateliers d’écriture de scénarios.A noter également, la collaboration entre le festival et le Mudam. Dans le cadre de l’exposition «Geogra-phy of Time», programmée au Mudam jusqu’en août 2016, l’artiste Fiona Tan présentera son premier long

Festival Humour pour la Paix 201617-21 février, Abbaye de Neumünster, Luxembourg

Dédié à Walid Hassan, humoriste irakien assassiné en 2006, le festival international «Humour pour la Paix» propose sa 10e édition sous le credo, «rire pour faire réfléchir».La Nuit blanche de l'humour noir réserve un programme francophone qui met l'Afrique en lumière et offre ses lettres de noblesse au nouveau concept du «stand-up griot». Les anglophones Adrienne Truscott et Elf Lyons mettent le sexisme aux prises avec un humour loufoque et caustique. Quant à l’allemande Anna Maria Scholz, alias Anna Mateur, avec sa formation the Beuys, elle navigue entre musique, cabaret et stand-up autour de ses thèmes de prédilection: l’islamisation supposée de l’Occident, la boulimie ou encore son propre poids... �

� http://bit.ly/1RBvx89

Musée européen SchengenSchengen, Luxembourg

Le 14 juin 1985, dans un village viticole de Moselle situé au tripoint Luxembourg-Allemagne-France, les représentants de cinq Etats membres de l’UE signaient un accord prévoyant la suppression des contrôles des personnes à leurs frontières intérieures. Aujourd’hui, le Musée européen Schengen propose photos historiques, films et entretiens, notamment des acteurs de 1985 qui évoquent leurs motivations.Une animation interactive de cartes explique le mouve-ment des frontières sur le continent européen, depuis 1815, et les changements de rapports de force politiques et économiques liés.Outre la présentation de la naissance et de l’expan-sion de l’espace Schengen, le musée s’interroge sur les notions de frontière et de sentiment d’appartenance. � � http://bit.ly/1lKQuPT

©

OR

T M

osell

e L

uxem

bourg

eois

e /

ON

T

©

David

Cam

pesin

o

�Anna Mateur.

métrage, History’s future, en première internationale au Luxembourg. � � www.luxfi lmfest.lu/

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 57 29/01/16 11:43:14

60

ACROSS03 Albert, author of the French masterpiece ‘The Stranger’

06 Administrative capital of Finnish Lapland

09 Pope Francis’ surname

11 The most common standard for the videocassette

14 Capital city of Madagascar

15 Largest French island

16 Guitar maker whose most famous model is the

Stratocaster

17 Country hosting the UEFA EURO 2016 football

championship

18 U2’s guitarist

19 Historic name of the area in Southern Italy colonised by

ancient Greek settlers

FREIZEIT

CROSSWORD

1

2 3 4

5

6 7

8

9 10

11 12

13

14

15

16

17 18

19

ANSWERS TO NOVEMBER'S CROSSWORDACROSS: 03 ECHO - 04 STYLIANIDES - 06 MDG - 07 NATALI - 10 EDF - 11 ELNINO - 14 COTONOU - 16 DARFUR - 17 FAO - 18 EBOLA

DOWN: 01 GENEVA - 02 GREENREVOLUTION - 05 RICE - 06 MIMICA - 08 ACP - 09 WORLDBANK - 12 LOCUSTS - 13 NGO - 15 OXFAM

Answers in next month’s edition. Send your suggestions for clues and keys to matteo.manzonetto@ec.europa.eu, with 'crosswords’ in the subject line.

DOWN01 United Nations’ agency for refugees

02 River crossing Zagreb

04 Move in a poker game when players bet the remainder of

their stake

05 Rocky Mountain state that takes its name from a river

07 The saint associated with romantic love

08 Alliance of European public service media entities

10 Andrzej Sebastian, President of Poland

12 Carmaker headquartered in Bohemia, Czech Republic

13 The easternmost Asian territory on the Risk board

16 North Dakota’s largest city, which gives its name to a Coen

brothers’ film

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 58 29/01/16 11:43:14

# F

évr

ier

20

16

61

QUIZ

FREIZEIT

01 When and where did the fi rst Wright brothers’ powered fl ight take place?

a. 1903, Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, USA

b. 1907, Brighton, UK

c. 1907, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

02 When was Airbus created?

a. 1985

b. 1963

c. 1970

03 When did the full liberalisation of the EU's internal aviation market occur?

a. 1999

b. 1993

c. 1997

04 Who was the fi rst man to fl y non-stop from New York to Paris?

a. Manfred von Richthofen

b. Charles Lindbergh

c. Francesco Baracca

05 When did the EU Air Passenger Rights legislation enter into force?

a. 2001

b. 2005

c. 2010

06 Which core Juncker Commission priorities does the new Aviation Strategy cover?

a. Jobs and Growth, Digital Single Market, Energy Union, and the EU as a global actor

b. Digital Single Market and Jobs and Growth

c. Jobs and Growth and the EU as a global actor

07 What does EASA stand for?

a. European Aviation Single Authority

b. European Airplane Safety Association

c. European Aviation Safety Agency

08 What is an airplane doing when taxiing?

a. It is being moved from the hangar to the runway

b. It is being loaded/unloaded

c. It is moving on the ground by its own power

09 Which is the world’s largest passenger airliner?

a. Boeing 787 Dreamliner

b. Airbus A380

c. Antonov AN-124 Ruslan

10 Which is the world’s busiest passenger airport?

a. London Heathrow

b. Hartsfi eld–Jackson Atlanta International Airport

c. Dubai International Airport

ANSWERS:

1.a – 2.c – 3.c – 4.b – 5.b – 6.a – 7.c – 8.c – 9.b – 10.b

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 59 29/01/16 11:43:14

FREIZEIT

62

FREIZEIT

HISTOIRE EN IMAGESTEN YEARS OF EMAS AT THE COMMISSION

� The EMAS Team with Commissioner Stavros Dimas and Vice-President Siim Kallas in 2005, celebrating the fi rst EMAS registration.

� The fi ve pilot services to go EMAS – the SG, DG HR, DG ENV, DG DIGIT, and the OIB.

� The fi rst network of EMAS correspondents, including Luxembourg for the fi rst time.

� The winners of the fi rst Green Commission EMAS Awards in 2013, with Vice-President Maroš Šefčovič.

The Commission celebrates ten years of leading by example. In 2005 it became the first EU In-

stitution to obtain an Environmental Management and Audit System (EMAS) registration for its environmental management system. Through EMAS, the Commission meets its environmental commitments by continu-ously reducing its environmental impact.

The 2005 registration covered five services in Brus-sels that occupied buildings with a total usable floor space of around 206,000 m2. By 2015, it was more than seven times larger, representing 92% of overall usable building space of all major Commission sites in the EU – all occupied Commission buildings in Brussels, several in Luxembourg, and the JRC sites of Petten,

Geel, Seville, Karlsruhe, and Ispra, and DG SANTE’s Grange site.

Over this period, the Commission achieved impres-sive environmental results. For example, the Brussels site increased energy efficiency by 65%, and made bet-ter use of natural resources by using 59% less water, 58% less paper and generating 28% less waste, while reducing CO2 emissions by 88%, resulting in cumula-tive energy savings of €74 million.

All this could not have been accomplished without the active support of staff – together we can make a world of difference! �EMAS in the European Commission

� http://europa.eu/!fK94wC

©

EU

©

EU

©

EU

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_002.pdf 60 29/01/16 11:43:14

ANNONCES

EUR-LexNew promotional videoThe Publications Office has produced ‘EUR-Lex: What's in it for you?’– a short video on EUR-Lex, the gateway to EU le-gal information Three animated stories explain what EUR-Lex is and how it can be useful. The video is in English, with subtitles all the other EU languages.Help us raise awareness about EUR-Lex by posting the video on your website and

sharing it with your stakeholders.

EUR-Lex: What's in it for you? – Video

� http://europa.eu/!pQ66xt

Interested in EUR-Lex? Find the right

course in Syslog

� Introduction – OP_EURLEX_INTRO � Advanced – OP_EURLEX_ADVANC � Workshop – OP_EURLEX_WORKSH

Essor Nuclear Area launches a new for-mat of visit, open to family members.On Friday, 19 February, a visit in Eng-lish is scheduled at 10:30 for people working at the JRC (JRC staff, JRC-EXT staff, GHs, SNEs, etc.) They can register directly via REM-Register for Events Module (see link below).On the same day, a visit in English for family members is planned at 2:30. People wishing to participate with their family members or just to regis-ter their family members can do so via Connected (see link below).

For each visit, a maximum of 20 places – assigned on a first-come-first-served basis – is available.The deadlines for registration are 16 February.We remind you that pregnant women and people younger than 18 are not al-lowed to access the Essor Nuclear Area.

REM � https://web.jrc.ec.europa.eu/rem/

Registration on Connected

� http://bit.ly/20qtXrd

Essor Nuclear Area – Visits in EnglishFriday, 19 February, 10:30-11:45 and 14:30-15:45, Building 84, Ispra

Nous les croisons dans la ville et les empruntons régulièrement, mais nous ignorons probablement l’histoire des tramways bruxellois.L’Association Carrefour européen pro-pose de passer un agréable moment en famille, avec une visite du Musée du Transport Urbain Bruxellois (alias Musée du Tram) et une balade dans un tram des années 1950. Petits et grands se réjouiront de la balade, quant aux plus âgés, ils retrouveront certaine-

ment avec nostalgie les anciens mo-dèles qui ont silloné les rues de leur enfance.

Contact � yvette.demory@skynet.be

� www.carrefoureuropeen.eu

Facebook � Carrefour européen asbl

«Il était autrefois un tram...» – Visite en françaisSamedi 19 mars, Musée du Tram, Bruxelles

©

Foto

lia

©

EU

KTAA160013AC_001.pdf 3 29/01/16 11:45:39

Quickentry to all IT topics

IT Governance and

collaborative pages.

Easy and quick search

for a specific IT service.

Type a keyword and

a short description will

help your search further.

SearchIT topicsThe most wanted

services are listed in a

How to/IT tips section,

to make your day more

productive.

IT tips IT News

Direct access point to all IT

services in DIGIT Service

Catalogue. In responsive

design, easy to browse on

your tablet or smartphone.

ITServicesfor all

How to borrow a laptop?

How to report a suspicious email?

How to access emailsremotely?

My Intracomm

MyIntracomm > Work Resources > IT

> Professionnel > IT

> Arbeitsressourcen > IT

HOW TOGET THERE?

My Intracommra

Search the IT PortalYour entry to all IT services,

projects and news in the Commission

KTAA160013AC_001.pdf 4 29/01/16 11:45:39