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Ethics and Research Ethics and Research Rick Balkin, Ph.D., LPC-S, NCC Rick Balkin, Ph.D., LPC-S, NCC Rick_balkin@tamu-commerce Rick_balkin@tamu-commerce . . edu edu

Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

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Page 1: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

Ethics and ResearchEthics and Research

Rick Balkin, Ph.D., LPC-S, NCCRick Balkin, Ph.D., LPC-S, NCCRick_balkin@[email protected]

Page 2: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 2

ACA Code of EthicsACA Code of Ethics

The role of research in counseling isThe role of research in counseling ismentioned throughout the ACA 2005 Codementioned throughout the ACA 2005 Codeof Ethics.of Ethics.

Counselors have specific guidelines inCounselors have specific guidelines inusing strategies supported by research,using strategies supported by research,protecting participants in research studies,protecting participants in research studies,and conducting research.and conducting research.

Page 3: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 3

ACA Code of EthicsACA Code of Ethics

Is Divided Into Eight Major SectionsIs Divided Into Eight Major Sections Section A: The Counseling RelationshipSection A: The Counseling Relationship Section B: ConfidentialitySection B: Confidentiality Section C: Professional ResponsibilitySection C: Professional Responsibility Section D: Relationships with Other ProfessionalsSection D: Relationships with Other Professionals Section E: Evaluation, Assessment, and InterpretationSection E: Evaluation, Assessment, and Interpretation Section F: Teaching, Training, and SupervisionSection F: Teaching, Training, and Supervision Section G: Research and PublicationSection G: Research and Publication Section H: Resolving Ethical IssuesSection H: Resolving Ethical Issues

Page 4: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 4

ACA Code of EthicsACA Code of Ethics

The following slides provide an overviewThe following slides provide an overviewof research issues within the ACA Code ofof research issues within the ACA Code ofEthicsEthics

The ACA Code of Ethics is provided in theThe ACA Code of Ethics is provided in theDocument Sharing Document Sharing section of section of ecollegeecollege..

In addition to the slides in this In addition to the slides in thisPowerPoint, download the PowerPoint, download the ACA Code ofACA Code ofEthics Ethics and read Section G: Research andand read Section G: Research andPublication.Publication.

Page 5: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 5

A.4.a. Avoiding HarmA.4.a. Avoiding Harm

Counselors act to avoid harming theirCounselors act to avoid harming theirclients, trainees, and research participantsclients, trainees, and research participantsand to minimize or to remedy unavoidableand to minimize or to remedy unavoidableor unanticipated harm.or unanticipated harm.

Page 6: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 6

A.4.b. Personal ValuesA.4.b. Personal Values

Counselors are aware of their own values,Counselors are aware of their own values,attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors and avoidattitudes, beliefs, and behaviors and avoidimposing values that are inconsistent withimposing values that are inconsistent withcounseling goals. Counselors respect thecounseling goals. Counselors respect thediversity of clients, trainees, and researchdiversity of clients, trainees, and researchparticipants.participants.

Page 7: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 7

B.7.a. Institutional ApprovalB.7.a. Institutional Approval

When institutional approval is required,When institutional approval is required,counselors provide accurate informationcounselors provide accurate informationabout their research proposals and obtainabout their research proposals and obtainapproval prior to conducting theirapproval prior to conducting theirresearch. They conduct research inresearch. They conduct research inaccordance with the approved researchaccordance with the approved researchprotocol.protocol.

Page 8: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 8

B.7.b. Adherence to GuidelinesB.7.b. Adherence to Guidelines

Counselors are responsible forCounselors are responsible forunderstanding and adhering to state,understanding and adhering to state,federal, agency, or institutional policies orfederal, agency, or institutional policies orapplicable guidelines regardingapplicable guidelines regardingconfidentiality in their research practices.confidentiality in their research practices.

Page 9: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 9

B.7.c. Confidentiality ofB.7.c. Confidentiality ofInformation Obtained in ResearchInformation Obtained in Research

Violations of participant privacy and confidentialityViolations of participant privacy and confidentialityare risks of participation in research involvingare risks of participation in research involvinghuman participants. Investigators maintain allhuman participants. Investigators maintain allresearch records in a secure manner. Theyresearch records in a secure manner. Theyexplain to participants the risks of violations ofexplain to participants the risks of violations ofprivacy and confidentiality and disclose toprivacy and confidentiality and disclose toparticipants any limits of confidentiality thatparticipants any limits of confidentiality thatreasonably can be expected. Regardless of thereasonably can be expected. Regardless of thedegree to which confidentiality will bedegree to which confidentiality will bemaintained, investigators must disclose tomaintained, investigators must disclose toparticipants any limits of confidentiality thatparticipants any limits of confidentiality thatreasonably can be expected. reasonably can be expected. (See G.2.e.)(See G.2.e.)

Page 10: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 10

B.7.d. Disclosure of ResearchB.7.d. Disclosure of ResearchInformationInformation

Counselors do not disclose confidentialCounselors do not disclose confidentialinformation that reasonably could lead toinformation that reasonably could lead tothe identification of a research participantthe identification of a research participantunless they have obtained the priorunless they have obtained the priorconsent of the person. Use of data derivedconsent of the person. Use of data derivedfrom counseling relationships for purposesfrom counseling relationships for purposesof training, research, or publication isof training, research, or publication isconfined to content that is disguised toconfined to content that is disguised toensure the anonymity of the individualsensure the anonymity of the individualsinvolved. involved. (See G.2.a., G.2.d.)(See G.2.a., G.2.d.)

Page 11: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 11

B.7.e. Agreement forB.7.e. Agreement forIdentificationIdentification

Identification of clients, students, orIdentification of clients, students, orsupervisees in a presentation orsupervisees in a presentation orpublication is permissible only when theypublication is permissible only when theyhave reviewed the material and agreed tohave reviewed the material and agreed toits presentation or publication. its presentation or publication. (See(SeeG.4.d.)G.4.d.)

Page 12: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 12

Section CSection CProfessional ResponsibilityProfessional Responsibility

“…“…Counselors advocate to promoteCounselors advocate to promotechange at the individual, group,change at the individual, group,institutional, and societal levels thatinstitutional, and societal levels thatimprove the quality of life for individualsimprove the quality of life for individualsand groups and remove potential barriersand groups and remove potential barriersto the provision or access of appropriateto the provision or access of appropriateservices being offered. Counselors have aservices being offered. Counselors have aresponsibility to the public to engage inresponsibility to the public to engage incounseling practices that are based oncounseling practices that are based onrigorous research methodologies.rigorous research methodologies.””

Page 13: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 13

E.2.c. Decisions Based onE.2.c. Decisions Based onResultsResults

Counselors responsible for decisionsCounselors responsible for decisionsinvolving individuals or policies that areinvolving individuals or policies that arebased on assessment results have abased on assessment results have athorough understanding of educational,thorough understanding of educational,psychological, and career measurement,psychological, and career measurement,including validation criteria, assessmentincluding validation criteria, assessmentresearch, and guidelines for assessmentresearch, and guidelines for assessmentdevelopment and use.development and use.

Page 14: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 14

E.9.b. Research InstrumentsE.9.b. Research Instruments

Counselors exercise caution whenCounselors exercise caution wheninterpreting the results of researchinterpreting the results of researchinstruments not having sufficient technicalinstruments not having sufficient technicaldata to support respondent results. Thedata to support respondent results. Thespecific purposes for the use of suchspecific purposes for the use of suchinstruments are stated explicitly to theinstruments are stated explicitly to theexaminee.examinee.

Page 15: Ethics and Research...clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable ... research records in a secure manner. They explain to participants the

R. S. Balkin, 2008 15

Section G: Research andSection G: Research andPublicationPublication

Do not forget to download the ACA CodeDo not forget to download the ACA Codeof Ethics from of Ethics from ecollege ecollege under under DocumentDocumentSharingSharing and read Section G: Research and and read Section G: Research andPublication.Publication.

You will be responsible for being familiarYou will be responsible for being familiarwith ethical guidelines in research for thewith ethical guidelines in research for thecounseling profession.counseling profession.