LE PASSE COMPOSELIMPARFAIT&LE PLUS-QUE-PARFAIT
Le PASS COMPOS
LE PASS COMPOSUSESThe pass compos is the most commonly used tense to refer to ACTIONS completed in the past. The pass compos may be translated into English in three different ways depending on the context. ATEHAVE / HAS EATEN DID EAT
LE PASS COMPOSFORMATIONThis tense is called the pass compos because it is composed of two elements: #1) the present tense of an auxiliary verb (either avoir or tre) #2) followed by a past participle:
pass compos = present tense of auxiliary + past participle Present tense of auxiliary - avoir or tre Past participle - see later
LE PASS COMPOSPresent tense of auxiliary - avoir or tre
AVOIR + PP TRE + PPjai nous avons...je suis nous sommestu as vous aveztu esvous tesil/elle a ils/elles ontil/elle estils/elles sont
-er verbs = take off the -er and add ex. Parler = parljai parl-re verbs = take off the -re and add uex. Entendre = entendujai entendu-ir verbs = take off the -ir and add iex. Choisir = choisijai choisiPAST PARTICIPLES
infinitive translation past participleavoir to have eutre to be tfaire to do faitouvrir to open ouvertprendre to take prismettre to put missuivre to follow suiviboire to drink bucroire to believe cru
IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES
LE PASS COMPOS
parler 'to talk
J ai nous avonsTu as vous avezIl/elle aIls/elles ont
parlparlparlparlparlparlPARTICIPE PASS AVEC AVOIR
LE PASSE COMPOSE
aller 'to go
Je suis nous sommesTu es vous tesIl/elle estIls/elles sont
*with the helping verb tre you also have to make it agree (add e and/or s)
all(e)alls(es)all(e)all(e)alls(es)alls(es)PARTICIPE PASSE AVEC ETRE
LE PASS COMPOSQ: When do you use tre as the helping verb??A: with DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP verbsDescendreVenirRentreAller&NaitreMonterDevenirRester EntrerSortir RevenirTomberRetournerArriverMourirPartir= descendu= rentr= mont= rest= sorti= venu= all= n= devenu= entr= revenu= tomb= retourn= arriv= mort= parti
USES OF PASS COMPOS - a single action or stateIf the action or state is presented as finished at a specific moment and complete within itself, whether or not the moment is expressedNous sommes alls a la bibliothqueIl a fini ses devoirs a 11 hJai eu du mal a trouver son adresse2. If the action or state is presented as completed in a specific period of timeElle a travaill pendant huit heuresNous avons vcu trois ans au Maroc3. If the action or state is presented as repeated a definite number of times or within a limited period of timeNous avons vu quatre ou cinq film le mois dernierJe lui ai tlphon plusieurs fois, sans lavoir eu
USES OF PASS COMPOS - two or more actions or statesIf the action or state occurred consecutivelyElles se sont leves, elles ont dit au revoir et elles sont partiesDabord jai t surpris; ensuite, je me suis fach(e)If the action or state occurred at the same momentQuand nous sommes entrs, personne ne sest levLorsque le chien a commenc a aboyer, moi, jai eu peurIf the action or state continued together for a limited period of time and the emphasis is on that period of timeElle a regard la tl pendant que nous avons prepar le diner
PASS COMPOSEXAMPLE SENTENCES:Tu (tudier) ce weekend ?
Ils dj (manger)
Oui, je/j (boire) cinq fois hier.
Nous (aller) a Paris plusieurs fois.
as etudiai busommes allsontmang
L IMPARFAIT
LIMPARFAITUSESThe imperfect tense (l'imparfait) has two primary uses: to describe on-going actions and states of being in the past to state habitual actions in the past.As a DESCRIPTION
LIMPARFAITUSESto describe on-going actions and states of being in the pastThe imparfait is used to describe people, places, conditions or situations in the past. Some verbs occur more frequently in the imparfait when they are in the past since they typically describe states of being: tre, avoir, vouloir, pouvoir.
**But can be used in the pass compos**
LIMPARFAITUSESto state habitual actions in the past.The imparfait is also used to state habitual actions in the past. These past habits are often translated as 'used to, or 'would.Ex: On allait toujours 10 heures du soir chez Berthillon
LIMPARFAITFORMATIONAny irregulars? Only one!!tre : t- (ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient)What about the irregular verbs in the present form??
FaireFais-CommencerCommence-AllerAll- Nager Nage-AvoirAv-Voir Voy-MangerMange-Prendre Pren-Vouloir Voul-Dire Dis-Pouvoir Pouv-Acheter Achet-
USES OF IMPARFAIT - a single action or stateIf the action or state is presented as unfinished and as the background for other actions, even if a specific moment is expressedNous allions a la bibliotheque. (en route, nous avons vu)Mardi dernier, j tais assise a la trrasse dun cafeIf the action or state is presented as habitual or repeated an indefinite number of timesQuand jtais petit, jamais dormir avec mes parents
USES OF IMPARFAIT - two or more actions or statesIf the actions or states continued together for a period of time (limited or not) and you want to emphasize that they were going on at the same timeQuel triste spectacle! La terre tait recouverte de blesss; les uns criaient; les autres gmissaient; les infirmiers couraient a et lPendant que je faisais la vaisselle, ma femme aidait mon fils a faire ses devoirs et ma fille samusait a faire des dessins
IMPARFAITSENTENCES:Il (faire) trs beau ce matin
Tous les matins, je/j (courir) 5 km
Les jeudi soirs, nous (aller) au cin.
Quand tu (avoir) treize ans, tu (detester) la salade.faisaitcourraisallionsdtstaisavais
PASS COMPOS vs. IMPARFAIT If one action or state served as the background or the context (IMPARFAIT) for the other (PASS COMPOS)Pendant que nous tions en ville, nous avons rencontr M et Mme Dupont
Elle lisait au moment ou la bombe a explos
Jai remarqu un vieil homme qui traversait la rue a laide dune canne
PASS COMPOS vs. IMPARFAIT Pass compos: A completed action, specific moment in time Key words: ce matin, cet aprs-midi, ce soir, hier, hier matin, hier soir, mercredi dernier, le week-end dernier, il y a une heure, a huit heures, le mois dernier, etc.
Imparfait:An unfinished, habitual actionKey words: tous les jours, chaque mardi, les matins, tous les aprs-midi, etc.
Le PLUS-QUE-PARFAIT
PLUS-QUE-PARFAIT USETo describe an action that is in the past of the pastIt takes an action that is in the past and emphasizes its relationship with another action in the pastEx: I ate -> I had eaten
PLUS-QUE-PARFAIT FORMATIONMuch like the pass compos, you choose a helping verb (avoir or tre ) and conjugate it into the imperfect tense + past participle
PLUS-QUE-PARFAIT FORMATIONAvoir =Javais + PPNous avions + PPTu avais +PPVous aviez + PPIl/elle avait + PPIls/elles avaient + PP
tre = J tais + PPNous tions + PPTu tais + PPVous tiez + PPIl/elle tait + PPIls/elles taient + PP
DonnerDonner = to givePast Participle = donnAuxiliary Verb = avoir
Conjugate the verb donner in the plus-que-parfait!
Donner Javais donn (I had given)Tu avais donn (you had given)Il/elle avait donn (he/she had given)Nous avions donn (we had given)Vous aviez donn (you had given)Ils/elles avaient donn (they had given)
N.B. Avoir is conjugated; the participle is invariable
FinirFinir = to finishPast Participle = finiAuxiliary Verb = avoir
Conjugate the verb finir in the plus-que-parfait!
Finir Javais fini (I had finished)Tu avais fini (you had finished)Il/elle avait fini (he/she had finished)Nous avions fini (we had finished)Vous aviez fini (you had finished)Ils/elles avaient fini (they had finished)
N.B. Avoir is conjugated; the participle is invariable
RendreRendre = to give backPast Participle = renduAuxiliary Verb = avoir
Conjugate the verb rendre in the plus-que-parfait!
Rendre Javais rendu (I had given back)Tu avais rendu (you had given back)Il/elle avait rendu (he/she had given back)Nous avions rendu (we had given back)Vous aviez rendu (you had given back)Ils/elles avaient rendu (they had given back)
N.B. Avoir is conjugated; the participle is invariable
VenirEntre = to comePast Participle = venuAuxiliary Verb = tre
Conjugate the verb venir in the plus-que-parfait!
VenirJtais venu(e) (I had come)Tu tais venu(e) (you had come)Il/elle tait venu(e) (he/she had come)Nous tions venu(e)s (we had come)Vous tiez venu(e)s (you had come)Ils/elles taient venu(e)s (they had come)
N.B. tre is conjugated; the participle must agree
DevoirsConjugez les verbes suivants au plus-que-parfait:Fermer (je) = ____________Parler (tu) = ____________Sortir (il) = ____________crire (nous) = ____________Aller (vous) = ____________Vendre (elles) = ____________Javais fermTu avais parlIl tait sortiNous avions critVous tiez all(e)sElles avaient vendu
PLUS-QUE-PARFAIT KEY WORDS TO USE PQP:Dj - alreadyQuand - whenLorsque - whenDs que as soon asAussitt que as soon asAprs que - afterParce que - because
IMPARFAITSENTENCES Il (manger) avant de faire ses devoirs.
J'ai fait du shopping ce matin ; je/j dj (faire) la lessive.
Nous dj (sortir) quand tu as tlphon.tions sortis(es)avais faitavait mang
LA FIN!!!
