LEC 8 Zoning

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The term zoning in town planning

Includes two aspect in planning

1. Allocation of land for specific purposes and

2. Control of the use, height and the construction of thebuilding

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Zoning is defined as the regulation by law of the use

of land and or! buildings and of the height and the

density of building in specific area for the specificpurpose of securing con"enience, health and general

welfare of the community.

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C an be broadly classified in two categories

1. #rofit ma$ing uses of land

2. %on profit ma$ing use of land

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&e"eloped with #rofitma$ing moti"e.

Includes sites de"elopedfor offices, residential,industrial etc.

'sually controlled by

pri"ate agencies.#rofit ma$ing land depends

on non profit ma$ing land

&e"eloped with non#rofit ma$ing moti"e.

Includes road, par$s,playground, educationalbuilding, go"ernmentoffices etc.

'sually under publiccontrolled.

Non profit making use ofland

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#roper coordination of "arious public amenities such

as transport facilities, water supply, drainage,

electrical power, etc.

Zoning power pro"es to be (ffecti"e tool in the handof town planner for ma$ing town planning scheme for

effecti"e and successful.

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Zoning is an important ad)unct of any town planning.

Zoning sets apart different areas in the town for specific

purposes.

It pre"ents encroachmentof one zone upon anotherad)acent to it.The industrial area is located away from the residential area

*usiness or Commercial areas at a distance from the

residential areas.The residential areas are free from noise, bustle of the road

traffic.

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A land in the form of recreational area is also set aside

pro"iding therein the playgrounds, par$s, stadiums,theatres,etc. in pleasing surroundings

Zoning helps proper co+ordination of "arious public

amenities li$e water supply, drainage, electricity, transport

etc.The population is distributed throughout the town by

zoning regulation to a"oid concentration of population in

anyone particular zone

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Zoning secures orderly growth of the town, promotes

health, safety, order.

It increases utility, beauty, efficiency of the town in

general.

In fact it is the "ery life and soul of the successful town+

planning

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1. &anger from fire

2. uture de"elopment

-. eneral amenities

/. 0ealth of communities

. #opulation distribution

. #ublic utility ser"ices

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enerally zoning is classified as under3

1. 'se Zoning

2. 0eight Zoning

-. &ensity Zoning

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The main principle of use zoning is to di"ide the city into

different sections or zones,

utilizingof each of the zone to the right purpose

to a"oid the encroachment of one zone upon another ad)oining it.

'nder use zoning the town is di"ided into "arious sectionsor zones for specific purposes as gi"en below3

1. 4esidential zone

2. Commercial zone

-. Industrial zone/. Ci"ic zone

. Institutional zone

. 4ecreational zone

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1. This is the most important section or zone where

the people of the town li"e together in largenumber.

2. The buildings coming under this zone are

1. detached single family houses,

2. semi+detached houses,-. group housing,

/. Chawl, flats, s$y+scrapers, etc

Accordingly this zone is further sub+di"ided intosuitable sections.

1. This zone co"ers an area of /56 to 56 of the

total land.

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RESIDENTIAL ZONE:

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#lanning of residential areas should be done withthe utmost care.

It should be located in peaceful surroundings.

Away from business or industrial zones.

It should ha"e a certain amount of pri"acy andtherefore be separated from other zones by a wide

strip of green belt which should contain par$s,

par$ways.

It should also ha"e speedy communication facilities

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1. This co"ers an area of 26 to 6.

2. This zone consists of

mar$ets, ware+houses,

godowns,

business offices,

ban$s and residential buildings for the employeesthere.

1. These should be located near the centres of traffic

and as far as along the road+sides.

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COMMERCIAL ZONE:

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This zone co"ers an area of 6 to 256.

This is ne7t to the residential zone in importance.

0ence great care should be e7ercised in locating

the industries.

As a rule this should be away from other zones

and planned leeward of the town so that no

dangerous gases pass o"er it.

This zone is further di"ided into sections

containingminor,

light,

medium and hea"y industries

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INDSTRIAL ZONE:

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Minor industriesli$e ba$eries, dairies, laundries may be grouped andlocated close to the residential zone for the benefit of

inhabitants.Lig!t industries and fa"toriesli$e manufacture of glass, porcelain, and ice etc. which use

only electric power and not solid fuel do not cause any realnuisance.

0ence they may be located anywhere on the periphery of thetown.

Medium industriessuch as cotton mills, oil mills, sugar mills produce noisy

atmosphere and undesirable wastes.

#ea$% industrieswhich manufacture cement, steel and such other

materials, gi"e out obno7ious gases and fumes.These should be located on the outs$irts and placed

leeward of the town.

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This zone co"ers an area of 26 to -6.

This contains all public buildings

li$e townhall,court,

public libraries,

post office,

museum,

auditorium,

ban$, show+rooms, stores and houses for those employed

there

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CI&IC'ZONE:

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INSTITTIONAL ZONE:This zone co"ers an area of 1 6 to 26.

This zone contains schools, colleges, institutions etc.

RECREATIONAL ZONE3This is planned in the remaining area of the town,

usually 16 to 256.

This is also an important zone since it pro"ides healthy

en"ironment for the people.It includes mainlyardens , par$s open places, stadium etc.

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4egulates the height of the buildings.

.8.I used as tool to control

9ight plane method

0igh rise buildings will not be allowed to construct near

small houses.

They cut off the sunshine, air and breeze thereby ma$ing the

life of the residents uncomfortable

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1. :arginal spaces for plots

2. 8ize of plotting

-. %o. of residential units per hectare

/. ross density. %et density

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Documents

LEC 8 Zoning