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Sponsored by: & Mobile Virtualiza/on using the Xen Technologies Jun Nakajima Intel Corpora9on &

MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

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Page 1: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

Sponsored  by:  

&  

Mobile  Virtualiza/on  using  the  Xen  Technologies  

Jun  Nakajima  

Intel  Corpora9on  

&  

Page 2: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

Xen Summit Asia 2011 2

Legal Disclaimer �  INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL® PRODUCTS. NO

LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL® PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. INTEL PRODUCTS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE IN MEDICAL, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS.

�  Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.

�  All products, dates, and figures specified are preliminary based on current expectations, and are subject to change without notice.

�  Intel, processors, chipsets, and desktop boards may contain design defects or errors known as errata, which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request.

�  Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.

�  *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

�  Copyright © 2011 Intel Corporation.

Page 3: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

Agenda

� Mobile Virtualization

� PC/Server vs. Mobile device virtualization

� Example: Android™ Virtualization

� Advantages of Xen Technologies and Opportunities

� Xen-Based Android* Architecture

� Innovation/Research Required for Xen Mobile Virtualization

3 *: Simply Android for Android™ hereafter

Page 4: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

What’s Mobile Virtualization?

� Virtualization of mobile platforms – E.g. Android as a guest on laptop, desktop, cloud…

– BlueStacks*, Android Emulator

� Virtualization on mobile platforms – E.g. Android as the host such as smartphone, tablet

– Red Bend*, Mobile Virtual Platform* (VMware*), Motorola Atrix 4G*

� Combination – E.g. Android guest on Android host

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Page 5: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

Why Mobile Virtualization?

� Many devices and many reasons – Dual personality (business, personal) – Multiple OS (e.g. Android + Windows*) – Security enhancements

– “Secure Xen on ARM” (Samsung*) – Reusing existing software stacks

� Potential drawbacks – Virtualization overhead affecting performance and power,

higher latency – Extra efforts to rebase, certify – More complex

5

Page 6: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

PC/Server vs. Mobile Device Virtualization

� Typical VMMs virtualize PC/servers – No mobile devices support, such as GPS, accelerometer,

gyroscope, touch screen, telephony, etc. – No skin support. – Qemu has some mobile devices support

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Page 7: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

Example: Android Virtualization

� Android Emulator in Android SDK – Android-specific modifications to qemu

–  Framebuffer, sound, tty, serial, MMC, NAND, etc. – Software emulation for ARM and x86 – Emulator with hardware-assist (e.g. Intel® VT) for x86

– KVM on Linux* today (about 10x faster). Available since SDK Tools Revision 12**.

– Porting to Xen should be easy – GLES H/W acceleration(via qemu_pipe)

� Android Guest – Linux (“Goldfish” kernel) + PV devices

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**: http://developer.android.com/sdk/tools-notes.html

Page 8: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

Opportunities for Xen

� Goldfish kernel – 32-bit UP HVM Linux kernel (2.6.29 as of today) – Works well for SDK environment, Save/Restore feature. – Can be very expensive on mobile devices

� Xen PV – PVOPS kernel: lower virtualization overhead and/or

eliminate need for hardware-assisted virtualization – No qemu: frontends for mobile devices to avoid

dependency on qemu

� Live migration – Example: Between laptop and cloud

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Page 9: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

Hypervisor Architecture Considerations Type 1: Bare metal Hypervisor A pure Hypervisor that runs directly on the hardware and hosts Guest OS’s.

Type 2: OS ‘Hosted’ A Hypervisor that runs within a Host OS and hosts Guest OS’s inside of it, using the host OS services to provide the virtual environment.

* Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

Provides    par,,on  isola,on  +  reliability,  higher  security  

Low  cost,  no  addi,onal  drivers    

VMn

Host OS Device Drivers

Ring-0 VM Monitor “Kernel”

Host HW

VM0

Guest OS and Apps

User-level VMM

User Apps

Device Models

Memory CPUs I/O

VMn

Hypervisor

Host HW

VM1

VM0

Guest OS and Apps

Device Drivers / Models

Scheduler MMU

Memory CPUs I/O

Page 10: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

More Opportunities − Architectural Advantage of Xen

� Thin hypervisor – Open source – Proprietary code in guests

� Use Linux in upstream – Take full advantage of PV – PV on HVM – No additional device

drivers (Linux 3.x dom0)

� Use hardware assistance for unmodified guests

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Hybrid Architecture

VMn

Xen Hypervisor

Domain 0

Linux

Host HW

High-level Monitor

VM1

VM0

Guest OS and Apps

Device Models

Memory CPUs I/O

Device Models (Timer, Interrupt)

Page 11: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011 11

Xen-Based Android w/o HVM

Xen Hypervisor

Domain 1

Callback / Hypercall

Domain 0

Event channel

Guest

Physical Host Hardware

Native Device Drivers

Backend Virtual driver

Linux PVOPS Kernel Frontend Virtual

Drivers

Linux PVOPS Kernel

Guest Control App

Libxenlingh/Bionic (libc) Host

Domain N

*OS

Page 12: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011 12

Xen-Based Android w/ HVM

Xen Hypervisor

Domain 1

Callback / Hypercall

Domain 0

Event channel

Guest

Physical Host Hardware

Native Device Drivers

Backend Virtual drivers

Linux PVOPS Kernel Frontend Virtual

Drivers

Guest Control App

Libxenlingh/Bionic (libc) Host

Domain N

*OS

Virtual Platform

Device models (qemu-dm)

VMExit

Device models (stubdomain)

Page 13: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

Innovation/Research Required for Xen Mobile Virtualization

� Power management

– Optimized for mobile devices

� Realtime – RTOS guests support

� Security

� Mobile device virtualization

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Page 14: MobileVirtualiza/on usingtheXen Technologiesinformation in this document is provided in connection with intel® products. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise,

XenSummit Asia 2011

Conclusion

� Mobile virtualization will be more important

� Xen has unique advantages there – Thin hypervisor, driving innovations for virtualization – Keeping PVOPS for dom0 in Linux upstream is key

� Proposed Xen-based Android system

� Let’s get started!

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