Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

www.upmc.fr

Université Pierre et Marie Curie

MoOC Massive Open Online Course

concept

Yves Epelboin Directeur du SG TICE

Yves.Epelboin@upmc.fr

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Warning

•  MOOCs are an evolving subject

2013

2/04

12:30

The contents of this presentation will be valid only until

May be before!

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Context

•  MOOCs : an international tsunami coming from the US

•  Pressure from Brussels: official announcement to come mid-April

•  European OER initiatives: TERENA MTF

•  A visit to the US in November: –  Pennsylvania U. –  Drexel U. –  Educause

MOOC A US vision: adaptable to Europe?

4

A very hot topic

less than 2 years

2 to 5 years

5 to 10 years

more than 10 years

obsolete before plateau

Plateau will be reached in:

MOOC

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

A socio-economic view

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Some US facts

•  A technophile society

•  An historical use of technology in Higher Education: –  To attract customers –  To solve the pedagogical difficulties –  An old home work dream

•  Some steps: –  2002: Western Governors University www.wgu.edu –  2004: OCW MIT : ocw.mit.edu –  Khan Academy : www.khanacademy.org

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

The US university model

•  A business model: –  Students = customers

•  Payment by study •  Attractivity and publicity

–  Local diploma, no state intervention –  Profitability : few permanent staff (tenure) –  Tuition pays for Research (non profit institutions) and for

profit institutions(Phoenix)

•  Public universities: –  Same model with some State funding

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

The economical crisis

•  Tuition fees at an innaceptable level: –  Over 10 000 $ in public universities –  40 000 – 60 000 $ private universities

•  An abyssal students debt: 1000 Milliards $ –  Mean value 25 000 $ in

2012 (15 000 $ in 2004) –  40 Millions loans

(20 Millions in 2004)

Source : Le Monde 23/03/2013

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Tuiton debt

•  The number of borrowers : –  20 millions in 2004, 40 millions in 2012

•  40% under10 000 $, 30% under 25 000 $, 30% more than25 000 $

•  A negative impact on the US economy First debt before housing!

Source : Le monde 23/03/2013

966 Millions US $

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Solutions

•  Facts: –  30% students only in primary study –  Many partial workers (services on campus…) –  A trend to drastically reduce staff expense (tenure)

•  Use of IT to reduce costs

MOOC

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

MOOC

•  A massive course: over 140 000 students! –  Few interactions with teachers –  Pure distance learning –  Automatic tests and peers controls –  Certification at the end

•  Certification is not credential –  Not for free

•  A high dropout rate (90%)

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

The main actors

•  edX : Harvard, Berkeley, U. of Texas… www.edx.org

•  Coursera : Stanford, EPFL, Edinborough… www.coursera.org

•  Canvas : Brown, U. of C. Florida… www.canvas.net

•  Udacity : private company www.udacity.com

•  Futurelearn : Open University www.futurelearn.com

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

An important investment

•  Course scenario renewed

•  New documents and OER

•  Massive use of short videos (chunks 5-7 mn) •  New designed LMS:

–  Large number of students in one course –  Designed for little follow-up –  Collaborative and social tools –  Automatic quizzes

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

An important funding

•  Finances : edX : 60 M$

•  One course: 100 000 – 600 000 $

•  A full time job to design a course

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Business model ?

Yet to come

The « generous

model» Open

Education : who is

funding?

The realistic model: call products, then on

payment (see Open University

UK)

Industrial product in

competition with

classical study but at

a lower price

A means to increase HE productivity

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Already a model taking shape

•  A mass teaching model at lower cost

•  Already not so open : –  Option « Signature track » for certification (Coursera) –  First grades to enter college (Arizona, Arkansas,

Cincinnati… •  New recruiting model •  To attract new customers already engaged in professional life (grants

for successful applicants…) •  To decrease the tuition cost (Drexel)

–  Industrial business model at lower price •  Phoenix

•  The concept of a new economical model for Higher Education

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

A new grading sytem

•  13/11/2012 Coursera: –  33 courses accepted as credits by renown universities such

as Stanford, Penn, Princeton, Brown, Berkeley… –  Move from the OCW concept towards a pay model –  A paying certification revolving towards a paying

graduation –  Business model shared with the industry:

Wiley

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

… and now?

•  « MOOCs as capital-biased technological change » J. Zevin The Magnet is always on, 17/12/2012

•  edu@2025 R. Katz http://video.upmc.fr/differe.php?collec=S_edu_2025

•  « Udacity has already partnered with more than 20 companies who verify and accept the certificates of course completion » S. Thrun, (Standford et Google) in CNN W. J. Bennett, 5/07/2012

Y. Epelboin UPMC-Sorbonne Universités TERENA march 2013

Models for Europe?

•  The economical model: –  Mass and open? –  Less expensive distance learning model?

•  The organization model: –  Centralized : HE European model? –  Competition among consortiums?

•  European, national scale? •  Merging with US consortiums?

•  The funding problem –  LMS –  Support staff and teachers –  Contents