Nfhl;lhga · Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;] ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F iii vz;zpf;if> GJg;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba mizf;fl;Lfs; kw;Wk; tha;f;fhy;fs; cl;gl Gjpjhf Muk;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba

Nfhl;lhgaehl;ilf ; fl;bnaOg ;Gk ;Rg Pl;rj ;j pd ; Nehf ;F

cq ;fSf ;F xU ehL - ehl;Lf ;F xU vjpu ;fhyk ;

Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;] ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F i

ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; Kd;Ndhf;F

tzf;fj;jpw;Fhpa ngsj;j kjj;jiytu;Ns> Vida kjj;jiytu;fNs> ngw;Nwhu;fNs> gps;isfNs> ez;gu;fNs>

nfhOk;G Mde;jh kfh tpj;jpahyaj;jpy; fy;tp fw;Fk; fhyj;jpy;

,yq;if ,uhZtj;jpy; ,ize;J jha; ehl;Lf;fhf Nrit

nra;tNj vdJ tpUg;gkhf ,Ue;jJ. murpay; FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;j

xU mq;fj;jtdhf ,Ue;jhYk;> [dhjpgjpahtJ vt;thwpUe;jhYk;>

xU murpay;thjpahf ,Ug;gjw;F $l vdf;F vt;tpj NjitAk;

vd;Ds; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. vdJ %j;j rNfhjuuhd rky; uh[gf;~

kw;Wk; k`pe;j uh[gf;~ Nghd;W ,sk; rNfhjuuhd ng]py;

uh[gf;~Tk; ePz;l fhykhf ,e;ehl;by; njhlu;r;rpahf murpaypy;

mtu;fs; vd;dplk;

ghJfhg;G nrayhsu; gjtpia Vw;Wf;nfhs;SkhW Ntz;bdhu;.

me;Neuk; vkJ jha;ehL gpupe;J jdpahf nry;yf;$ba tifapy;

mjd; vy;iyf;Nf te;jpUe;jJ. mt;thwhd xU epiyapy; ,Ue;J

jha;ehl;il fhg;ghw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; vd;Ds;Sk;

fhzg;gl;ljhy; ehd; [dhjpgjpapd; Ntz;LNfhis Vw;fNtz;ba

epiy Njhd;wpaJ. mjd; %yk; ehl;Lf;F cWjpahd rkhjhdj;ij

ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f Kbe;jJ. mjd;gpwF> ngw;w rkhjhdj;jpd; %yk;

ehl;il> efu mgptpUj;jpapd; Gjpa ghijia Nehf;fp nfhz;L

nry;y vdf;F mtfhrk; fpilj;jJ. ,e;j ,lj;jpy; ehd; xd;iw

kl;Lk; Fwpg;gpl tpUk;Gfpd;Nwd;. murpay;thjpahFtjw;Nfh my;yJ

[dhjpgjp gjtpia ngw;Wf;nfhs;tij ,yf;fhf nfhz;Nlh ehd;

mt;thW nraw;gltpy;iy vd;gijjhd;.

2015 [dhjpgjp Nju;jypd; gpd;dUk; $l mt;thwhdnjhU vz;zk;

vd;Ds; Njhd;wtpy;iy. MdhYk; jw;Nghija muR k`pe;j

uh[gf;~ mtu;fSf;F kPz;Lk; [dhjpgjp Nju;jypy; Nghl;bapl

KbahjthW rl;l uPjpahd jilfis Vw;gLj;jpajhy;> ehl;il

,USf;Fs; ,l;Lr;nry;Yk; ,e;j gaq;fu gazj;ij vz;zp

mr;rKw;w ngUk;ghyhd kf;fs;> 2019 [dhjpgjp Nju;jypy;

Ntl;ghsuhf vd;id fskpwf;FkhW Nfl;fj;njhlq;fpdu;. ngsj;j

kjj;jiytu;fs;> Vida kjj;jiytu;fs;> E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd

rptpy; mikg;Gf;fs; cl;gl midj;J ,yq;ifaUk; mtu;fspd;

Ntl;ghsuhf vd;id ngaupLkhW> k`pe;j uh[gf;~ mtu;fsplk;

xNu Fuypy; Nfl;fj;njhlq;fpdu;. me;j Nfhupf;ifia

Vw;Wf;nfhz;L k`pe;j uh[gf;~ mtu;f;s;> =yq;fh nghJ[d

nguKd kw;Wk; xd;wpize;j vjpu;fl;rp cl;gl Vida murpay;

fl;rpfs;> murpay; nraw;ghl;lhsu;fspd; jPu;khdj;Jld; vd;id

cq;fs; [dhjpgjp Ntl;ghsuhf ngaupl;Ls;shu;. mjw;fhf

KjyhtJ> cq;fs; midtUf;Fk; vdJ nfsutj;ijAk;>

md;gpidAk; njhptpf;f tpUk;Gfpd;Nwd;.

2019 [dhjpgjp Nju;jypy; ePq;fs; vd;dplk; rthy;kpf;f ghupa

nghWg;nghd;iw xg;gilf;fpd;wPu;fs;.

Kjyhtjhf gaq;fukhd jPtputhjj;jpw;F Kfq;nfhLj;Js;s

vkJ jha;ehl;il> mjpy; ,Ue;J kPl;nlLg;gJld;> ve;jtpj

mbg;gilthjj;jpw;Fk; jiyJ}f;f ,lkspf;fhj tifapy; Njrpa

ghJfhg;ig cWjpg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. mjpy; rpq;fs> jkpo;> K];ypk;

vd;w midj;J ,dj;jtu;fSk; xNu ehL> xNu rl;lj;jpd; fPo;

xw;Wikahf> nfsutkhd gq;fhsu;fshf tho;tjw;F re;ju;g;gk;

toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mt;thNw rl;lthl;rpia mjd; cz;ikahd

mu;j;jj;Jld; nraw;gLj;j ehk; toptiffis Nkw;nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;. midj;J gpui[fSk; rl;lj;jpd; Kd; rkkhf

kjpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Vida midj;J tplaq;fisAk; tpl

ePq;fs; vd;dplk; vjpu;ghu;g;gJ ,jidj;jhd; vd;gij ehd; ed;F

Gupe;Jnfhz;Ls;Nsd;. Njrpa ghJfhg;ig cWjpg;gLj;jpa gpd;

ehl;bd; nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpia Vw;gLj;Jtnjd;gJ fbdkhd

rthyy;y.

,uz;lhtjhf vkJ mofpa ehl;by; thOfpd;w

midj;J ,isQu; AtjpfSk; nfsutkhf thof;$ba>

cWjpkpf;f RgPl;rkhd nghUshjhuj;ij fl;bnaOg;g Ntz;Lk;.

midtUf;Fk; jkJ jpwikapd; %yk;> ,ad;wsT gaid

ngw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$ba njhopnyhd;W fhzg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

jpUg;jpahd gpui[> kfpo;r;rpahf thof;$ba FLk;gk;> kw;Wk;

rpwe;j gz;ghLila r%fj;ij cUthf;FtNj vkJ flikahFk;.

“ePq;fs; cq;fs; nghWg;ig epiwNtw;Wq;fs;> ehd; vdJ nghWg;ig epiwNtw;wp ghJfhg;ghd ehl;ilAk;; RgPl;rkhd Njrj;ijAk; fl;bnaOg;GNtd;.”

cynfq;Fk; ,lk;ngWk; ,aw;if mdu;j;jq;fspd; tpisthf

xNu Neuj;jpy; tul;rp kw;Wk; nts;sg;ngUf;fpdhy; ghjpf;fg;gLk;

kf;fshf ehk; ,Uf;fpd;Nwhk;. vkJ ,e;j mofpa jpUehl;il

kPz;Lk; xU gRikahd mofpa Njhw;wj;Jld;> vjpu;fhy cyfpd;

rpwg;ghd mgptpUj;jpapd; Kd;Djhuzkhfj; jpfoitf;Fk;

nghWg;Gk; vk;KilajhFk;. ,e;ehl;by; mikjp vd;w fdT kPz;Lk;

edthfhJ vd;W vz;zpapUe;j Afj;jpy;> ehk; rkhjhdj;jpd;

%yk; me;jf; fdit edthf;fpNdhk;. mJkl;Lky;yhJ> kPz;Lk;

mofpa xU ,yq;if ehl;il ,g;G+kpapy; cUthf;fp cq;fsplk;

ifaspg;Nghk;.

vkJ ,e;j ehl;by; xNu xU Fiw jhd; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. vkJ

ehl;bd; vjpu;fhy Kd;Ndw;wjpw;fhf kpfr;rupahd Nehf;Fld;

nraw;gLk;> ijupakhd jiyikj;Jtk; xd;W ,y;yhikahFk;.

ehl;bd; Kd; fhzg;gLk; rthy;fis ntw;wpnfhs;Sk; ghupa

nghWg;ig vdf;F ifaspj;jij ,l;L ehd; cq;fSf;F

vdJ ed;wpia njuptpf;fpd;Nwd;. cq;fs; vjpu;ghu;g;Gfis

epiwNtw;Wtjw;fhf Gfo;kpf;f mur jiytuhd k`pe;j uh[gf;~

mtu;fspd; topfhl;ly; kw;Wk; mtuJ neUq;fpa xj;Jiog;ig

ngw;Ws;sik ehk; mile;j epfuw;w mjp~;lkhFk;. cq;fs;

fdTfis edthf;f ehd; ,ad;wsT jpahfj;Jld; nraw;gLNtd;.

ePqfs; midtUk; Ntz;Lfpd;w nrsghf;fpakhd ,yq;ifia

cUthf;f vk;khy; KbAk; vd;gij ehd; kpf cWjpahf

ek;Gfpd;Nwd;.

mjw;fhf cq;fs; midtupdJk; kf;fs; Miz (tuk;)> ghJfhg;G

kw;Wk; xj;Jiog;ig ehd; vjpu;ghu;f;fpd;Nwd;.

vdNt 'ehl;il fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;Fld;"

ifNfhh;f;FkhW Ntz;bf;nfhs;fpd;Nwd;.

tho;f jha;ehL !!!

cq;fs; midtUf;Fk; flTspd; Mrp rpl;ll;Lk; !!!

,g;gbf;F>

cq;fs; Nritf;fhf mu;g;gzpj;Js;s

Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;~

ii ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;~

,yq;if> cj;jpNahG+u;t nghUshjhu Rl;bf;F Vw;g twpa

ehlhf ,dq;fhl;lg;gl;lhYk; khdpl mgptpUj;jp Rl;bapd;

mbg;gilapy; Kd;Ndw;wkhd cyFf;F rkkhfNt cs;sJ.

MdhYk; Jujp\;lkhf fle;j fhyq;fspy; ru;tNjrj;jpd; Kd;

,yq;if ghupa gpd;dilit re;jpj;jJ. mf;fhy fl;lj;jpy;>

vkJ ehl;il tpl Vida gy ehLfs; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij

mile;jd. njw;fhrpa ehLfSf;F kj;jpapy; tUlhe;j

nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpapy; ehk; ,Ug;gNjh> jPtputhjj;jpdhy;

ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;s Mg;fhdp];jhidAk; tpl fPo; epiyapyhFk;.

mjdhy; cyfpd; Vida ehLfSld; Kd;NdWtij ,d;Dk;

gpw;gLj;j KbahJ.

cyf kf;fs;> fle;j fhyq;fspy; Kfq;nfhLf;f Ntz;bNaw;gl;l

rthy;fis ntw;wpnfhs;s KO cyFk; ,d;W Gjpa ghijia

Nehf;fp gazpf;fj; njhlq;fpAs;sJ. kj mbg;gilthjj;jpdhy;>

cynfq;Fk; jPtputhjk; vz;zpg;ghu;f;fhj mstpy; jiyJ}

f;fpAs;sJld;> etPd MAjq;fspdhy; KO cyf ehfupfKk;

moptilAk; epiy Njhd;wpAs;sJ. ,lk;ngWfpd;w

tdg;gd;Kfj;jd;ik moptpdhy; kdpjDf;F tho Kbahj

#onyhd;W cUthfp tUfpd;wJ. ghupa mstpyhd fhgd;

vupnghUs; ghtidapdhy; ,d;W tspkz;lyj;jpd; ntg;gk;

nrd;bfpNul; mstpy; mjpfupj;Js;sJ. fhyepiy khw;wj;jpdhy;

Vw;gLk; tul;rp> nts;sk;> njhw;W Neha;> gapu; Nrjk;

Nghd;w ,aw;if mopTfspdhy; ,yl;rf;fzf;fhd kf;fs;

ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdu;. nghUj;jkw;w nghUshjhu Nghl;bj;jd;ik

kw;Wk; tzpf Nehf;fj;jpdhy; r%f tpOkpaq;fs; rPu;Fiye;J

kf;fs; Md;kPf tWikapdhy;> Nkhrb> Coy;> Vkhw;W

kw;Wk; kpNyr;rj;jdk; Ml;rp GupAk; r%fnkhd;W cUthfp

tUfpd;wJ> vd;gJ kl;Lk; kpfj;njspthfj; njupfpd;wJ. mjdhy;

mr;rthiy ntw;wpnfhs;s cynfq;Fk; 'Ngz;jF Gul;rp"

cUthfpapUf;fpd;wJ.

mjdhy; ,d;W cyf kf;fs; midtUk;> ifj;njhopy;

Gul;rpapdhy; ngw;w mD$yq;fis ghJfhg;gJld;> jfty;

njhopEl;gj;ij ,ad;wsT gad;gLj;jp> Ngz;jF ,yf;if

mile;Jnfhs;tijNa kpf Kf;fpa Njitahf fUJfpd;wdu;.

cyfpd; midj;J muRfspdJk; gpujhd nghWg;ghf ,d;W>

Vo;ik kw;Wk; ,Ug;gtUf;Fk; ,y;yhjtUf;Fk; ,ilapyhd

,ilntspia xopj;jy;> er;Rj;jdikaw;w tptrhaj;ij

Cf;Ftpj;J RfNjfpahf kf;fis khw;Wjy;> midtUf;Fk;

rpwe;j fy;tpia ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;> Rj;jkhd FbePu; kw;Wk;

Rj;jkhd tY cw;gj;jpia midtUf;Fk; toq;fy;>

,isQu;fSf;F gRik ifj;njhopypd; %yk; nghWj;jkhd

njhopy;fis ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;> kdpj tho;Tf;F nghUj;jkhd

gRik efuj;ij mikj;jy;> rpf;fdkhf thog; gofpa

kf;fis cUthf;fy;> ngz;fSf;F epahakhd ,lj;ij

ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;> fhyepiy rPu;NfL kw;Wk; fly; khriljiy

jLj;jy;. fhLfis ghJfhj;jy; kw;Wk; mikjp Ml;rp GupAk;

r%fnkhd;iw cUthf;fy; Nghd;w If;fpa ehLfspd; Ngz;jF

mgptpUj;jp ,yf;F 17 I epiwT nra;tNj kpf Kf;fpa

gzpahf fhzg;gLfp;d;wJ. ,e;j Ngz;jF mgptpUj;jp ,yf;if

mile;Jnfhs;tjw;fhf vkJ muRk; nghJkf;fspd; gq;fspg;Gld;

njspthd nfhs;if kw;Wk; Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;iwAk;

cUthf;fpAs;sJ.

'ePq;fs; vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; ehL" vd;w ,e;jf; nfhs;if kw;Wk;

jpl;lq;fs;> xU tUl fhyj;jpw;Fk; Nkyhf KO ehl;bYk;

cs;s 25>000 fpuhkq;fspYk; nraw;gLj;jpa (fpuhkj;Jld;

fye;Jiuahly;) vd;w Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpd; %yk;

ngw;Wf;nfhz;l kf;fspd; MNyhridfspd; mbg;gilapNyNa

cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. me;jtifapy; ehl;bd; midj;J

fpuhkq;fSf;Fk; Njitahd tPLfspd; vz;zpf;if> kpd;rhuk;>

ePu; kw;Wk; cs;Eiojy; rhiyfs; Njitg;gLk; tPLfspd;

gpd;Gyf; fij

cyfpd; midj;J muRfspdJk; gpujhd nghWg;ghf ,d;W> Vo;ik kw;Wk; gzk;tilj;jtUf;Fk; Viof;Fk; ,ilapyhd ,ilntspia xopj;jy;> er;Rj;jd;ikaw;w tptrhaj;ij Cf;Ftpj;J RfNjfpahf kf;fis khw;Wjy;> midtUf;Fk; rpwe;j fy;tpia ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;> Rj;jkhd FbePu; kw;Wk; Rj;jkhd tY cw;gj;jpia midtUf;Fk; toq;fy;> ,isQu;fSf;F gRik ifj;njhopypd; %yk; nghWj;jkhd njhopy;fis ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;> kdpj tho;Tf;F nghUj;jkhd gRik efuj;ij mikj;jy;> rpf;fdkhf thog; gofpa kf;fis cUthf;fy;> ngz;fSf;F epahakhd ,lj;ij ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;> fhyepiy rPu;NfL kw;Wk; fly; khriljiy jLj;jy;. tdg;ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; mikjp Ml;rp GupAk; r%fnkhd;iw cUthf;fy; Nghd;w If;fpa ehLfspd; Ngz;jF mgptpUj;jp ,yf;F 17 I epiwT nra;tNj kpf Kf;fpa gzpfshf fhzg;gLfp;d;wJ.

Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;] ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F iii

vz;zpf;if> GJg;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba mizf;fl;Lfs; kw;Wk;

tha;f;fhy;fs; cl;gl Gjpjhf Muk;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba

mgptpUj;jp jpl;lq;fs; vd;gd ,zq;fhzg;gl;Ls;sd.

,j;Njitfspd; mbg;gilapNyNa ekJ vjpu;fhy tuT

nryTj;jpl;l Kd;nkhopTfs; tiuag;gLk;.

me;j kf;fs; MNyhridfSld; ntt;NtW topfspYk;>

gy jdpg;gl;l egu;fSk;. cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L

mikg;Gf;fSk; ifaspj;Js;s MNyhridfisAk;

mbg;gilahff;nfhz;L;> gy;fiyf;fof tpupTiuahsu;fs;

kw;Wk; Nguhrpupau;fs;> Fwpj;j Jiwrhu; epGzu;fs;> njhopy;

ty;Yeu;fs;> rpNu~;l epu;thf mjpfhupfs;> rl;lj;juzpfs;>

nghwpapayhsu;fs;> tpahghhupfs;> ifj;njhopyhsu;fs;>

gy;NtWgl;l murpay; fl;rpfs;> njhopw;rq;fq;fs;> kw;Wk;

gy;NtWgl;l rptpy; mikg;Gf;fspd; gpujpepjpfs;> ,isQu;

Atjpfs; cl;gl ngz;fs; vd;w tifapy; Rkhu; 540

Ngiuf;nfhz;l 28 Jiwfis cs;slf;fpa tifapy;

mike;j rpwg;Gj;Nju;r;rp ngw;w FOtpdhy; ,e;j nfhs;ifg;

gpufldk; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjw;F Nkyjpfkhf 'tpaj;kf"

mikg;gpdhy; cUthf;fg;gl;l FO> NkNy Fwpg;gpl;l tifapy;

mike;j ty;Yeu;fisf; nfhz;l 27 FOf;fspd; %yk; %d;W

tUl fhyq;fshf jpl;lkpl;l nraw;jpl;;l MNyhridfSk; ,jpy;

cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

,e;j nfhs;if kw;Wk; nraw;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjd;

%yk; ,yq;ifapd; ,aw;if tskhd tdg; gpuNjrq;fs;

fdpa tsq;fs; Clhf kw;Wk; GJg;gpf;fj;jf;f Mw;wypd; %yk;

,aYkhd msT gad;fis ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. mjd;

%yk;> fy;tpfw;w> jpwikahd kdpj tsj;ij nghUj;jkhf

Kfhik nra;tjd; Clhf ,yq;ifia Ngz;jifik

mgptpUj;jp Afj;jpd; topfhl;bahf khw;WtNj vkJ

vjpu;ghu;g;ghFk;. rftho;tpd; ghijia tpuptilar; nra;J>

kpf Ntfkhd Nghl;bf;F khw;wkhf Md;kPf topfhl;liy

mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l tho;T Kiwnahd;Wf;F topfhl;Lk;>

ngsj;j fUj;jpaYld; Vida kjq;fspd; %yk; Nghrpf;fg;gl;l

kpfr;rupahd Nehf;Fld; $ba ijupakhd jiyikj;Jtj;Jld;

gazpfFk; mupa re;ju;g;gk; xd;iw ,yq;if kf;fSf;F

cupj;jhf;FNthk;.

iv ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;~

ehl;bd; jw;Nghija epiy

2005 Mk; Mz;L [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;~ mtu;fs; ehl;il

nghWg;Ngw;Fk;NghJ ,yq;ifapd; nkhj;j Njrpa cw;gj;jp

24.7 mnkhhpf;f nlhyh; gpy;ypad;fshf ,Ue;jNjhL jdp egu;

tUkhdk; 1.242 m.nlh. Mf fhzg;gl;lJ. 2006 Kjy; 2014

tiu 9 Mz;Lfspy; Jupj nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpapd; %yk;

nkh.Nj.c> 79.4 m.nlh tiu 221� My; tsu;r;rp mile;jJ.

2014 ,Yk;> jdp egu; tUkhdk; rhjhuzkhf tUlj;jpw;F 287

m.nlh. My; mjpfupj;J> 3>821 m.nlh. tiuahd cau;it

mile;jpUe;jJ. 2015 Kjy; 2018 tiuahd fhyj;jpw;Fs;>

jdp egu; tUkhdk; cau;tile;jpUg;gJ 4>102 m. nlhyu;fs;

khj;jpuNk MFk;. mg;gbahapd;> 4 Mz;LfSf;Fk;> 7%> ,dhy;

281 mnkupf;f nlhyu;fs; khj;jpuNk.

ehl;bd; nghJkf;fs; kw;Wk; tpahghupfs;> 2014 Mk; Mz;L

muRf;F nrYj;jpa nkhj;j tupAld; xg;gpLifapy;> 2019

Mk; Mz;by; mJNghy; ,uz;L klq;F tup nrYj;j Ntz;b

Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. 2006 Mk; Mz;L mur fld;fs; 2>222 gp.&gha;fs;

MFk;. mJ nkhj;j Njrpa cw;gj;jpf;Nfw;g> fld; njhif 91%

tiuahd cau; epiy MFk;. 2014 ,Wjp tiu 9 Mz;Lfspy;

mur fld;fs; 5>169 gpy;ypad; &gha;fshy; mjpfupj;J 7>391

gp.& Mf fhzg;gl;lJ. MdhYk; me;j fhyj;jpy; ehl;bd;

nkhj;j Njrpa cw;gj;jp 24 m.nlh.fspy; ,Ue;J 79 tiuahd

Jupj tsu;r;rp fz;ljdhy; nkh.Nj. cw;gj;jpf;F Vw;g> mur

fld; njhif 71% tiu Fiwtile;jJ. 2018 ,Wjpapy;>

nkhj;j fld; njhif 13>182 gp.& tiu mjpfupj;Js;sjhf

kj;jpa tq;fp mwptpj;Js;sJld;> nkhj;j Njrpa

cw;gj;jpf;Nfw;g> fld; njhif 91� tiuahd kpf Mgj;jhd

msTf;F mjpfupj;Js;sJ. 2014 ,Wjpapy; ,Ue;J 2018 ,Wjp

tiu ntspehl;L fld; njhif 23.7 m.nlh.gp fspy; ,Ue;J

32.6 tiu 38% ,dhy; mjpfupf;fr; nra;j ,e;j muR> ghupa

fld; Rikapw;Fs; ,yq;ifia js;spAs;sJ.

2014 ,Wjpapy;> %d;W khj jpiwNrup gl;baypy; ,Ue;J>

Kg;gJ tUl fhy jpiwNrup Kwpfs; tiu cz;bay; tup

tpfpjq;fs; jdp ,yf;fq;fspy; ,Ue;jjdhy;> nghUshjhu

tsu;r;rpf;F cWjpAk; gyKk; fpilj;jd. Mdhy;> 2018

MFk;NghJ Kwpfs; Nkhrbapd; Nkhrkhd gpujpgyd;fs; kw;Wk;

Vida gpioahd nfhs;iffspdhy;> mur cz;bay; tl;b

tpfpjq;fs; ghupa mstpy; mjpfupj;jJ. nghUshjhuj;jpy;

fhzg;gl;l jpwdw;w epu;thfk;> kw;Wk; tQ;rfkhf tl;b

tpfpjj;ij mjpfupf;fr;nra;jjhy; 2015 Kjy; ghupa tl;b

njhifnahd;iw Rkg;gjw;F ehq;fs; Mshf;fg;gl;Nlhk;. ,t;thW

Rkf;f Ntz;bNaw;gl;l $ba tl;bj; njhif 834.6 m.nlh.

gp my;yJ 151.1 gp.& MFk;. mJ nfhOk;G - fl;Lehaf;f mjp

Ntfg;ghij(48gp.&) kw;Wk; 900 nkfhnthl; nehiur;Nrhiy

mdy; kpd; epiyak;(103gp.&) Nghd;etw;iw epu;khzpf;f

KbAkhd gzj;njhifahFk;.

2015 Kjy; ,Jtiu 4 tUl fhyq;fspy; njhopy; tha;g;Gfs;

409>000 ,of;fr;nra;Js;sJ. 2014 ,y; Mrpahtpd; rpwg;ghf

,aq;Fk; gq;Fr;re;ijahf fhzg;gl;l nfhOk;G gq;Fr;re;ij>

2006 Kjy; 2014 tiu 5.7 m.nlh.gp Kjy; 23.7 m.nlh.

gp tiuahd 4 klq;F tsur;rpiaf; fz;lJ. 2015 Kjy;

gq;Fr;re;ij ghupa mstpyhd tPo;r;rp fz;L> mjd; nraw;ghL

15.3 m.nlh.gp tiu Fiwe;Js;sJ. mJ kl;Lky;yhky;>

gq;Fr;re;ij ehSf;F ehs;> nkd;NkYk; tPo;r;rpaile;J

tUtij fhzf;$bajhfTs;sJ. me;epiyikia

khw;wpaikf;f ve;jnthU eltbf;ifiaAk; Nkw;nfhs;tjhfj;

njupatpy;iy.

2005 ,y;> fhzg;gl;l me;epar;nryhtzp ifapUg;G njhif

2.7 m.nlh.gp MFk;. 2014 ,Wjpapy; me;j ifapUg;G 8.2

m.nlh.gp tiu tsu;r;rp mile;jpUe;jJ. 2015 Kjy; Ntfkhf

tPo;r;rp mile;J te;j ifapWg;G> 2018 ,Wjpapy; 6.9 m.nlh.

gp. tiu Fiwe;jJ. 2019 ngg;utup 28 ,y; ,yq;ifaplk;

,Ue;j ifapUg;Gj; njhif 6.0 m.nlh.gp tiu fPo; epiyf;Fr;

nrd;wpUe;jNjhL> mj;njhif 2010 brk;gu; 31 ,y; ,Ue;J 7.2

m.nlh.gp I tpl Fiwe;jJ. 2019 ,y; Fiwe;jJ> 13.5 m.nlh.gp

fshtJ ,yq;if trk; ,Uf;f Ntz;b cs;sjhy;> ,d;W 7.5

mstpyhd ghupa nryhtzp gw;whf;Fiw fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

kj;jpa tq;fpapd; gpizKwp Nkhrbahy; tl;b tpfpjk;

mjpfupj;jjd; Clhf Vw;gl;l el;lk; 145 gp.& MFk;. Copau;

Nrkyhg epjpaj;jpd; el;lk; 20 gp.& MFk;. &ghapd; ngWkjp

ghupa mstpy; tPo;r;rp mile;jjd; fhuzkhf ehl;bd;

my;yJ mur nrhj;Jf;fspy; vt;tpj ,aw;ifg; ngWkjpfSk;

Nru;f;fg;glhky;> mur gLfld; njhif mjpfupj;jjhy;

Vw;gl;l el;lk; 1>760 gp.& MFk;. ntspehl;L fld;fis

nrYj;Jk;NghJ> 280 gp.& Nkyjpfkhf nrYj;jNtz;bAs;sJ.

Rje;jpu KwpfSf;F nrYj;jg;gLk; Nkyjpf tl;b 151 gp.&

MFk;. =yq;fh vahu; iyd;]; epWtdk; nfhs;tdT nra;a

jpl;lkpl;bUe;j Gjpa tpkhdq;fis vt;tpj mbg;gilAkw;w

tifapy; ,ilepWj;jpajhy; nrYj;j Ntz;bNaw;gl;l

,og;gPl;Lj;njhif 17 gp.& MFk;. nfhOk;G 'Nghu;l; rpl;b"

(JiwKf efu;) jpl;lj;ijAk; mbg;gilaw;w tifapy;

,ilepWj;jpajhy;> rPd epWtdj;jpw;F ,og;gPlhf epug;gg;gl;l

epyj;jpy; ,Ue;J toq;f Ntz;b Vw;gl;l Nkyjpf 5

n`f;nlahu;fspd; ngWkjp 23 gp.& MFk;. NkNy Fwpg;gpl;l

el;lq;fs;> ghjpg;G kw;Wk; ,og;gPLfshy; jw;fhy murpd; Kjy;

4 tUl fhyj;jpy; khj;jpuk;> ehl;Lf;F Vw;gl;l el;lk; 2>398 gp.&

MFk;.

2018 - m.nlh.gp 32.6

2014 - m.nlh.g 23.7

38¾ntspehl;L gLfld;

Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;] ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F v

ehl;bd; nrhj;Jf;fis kpf kypthf tpw;Fk; eilKiwf;

nfhs;ifapd; Clhf ehl;by; cs;s tiuaWf;fg;gl;l

epyq;fis> ntspehl;ltUf;F vt;tpj jilfSkpd;wp

nfhs;tdT nra;a Kbe;jJ. mNjNghy; ehl;L kf;fSf;F

kw;Wk; vjpu;fhy re;jjpapdUf;F cupj;Js;s tUkhdkPl;Lk;

tsq;fshd> `k;ghe;Njhl;il JiwKfk;> kj;jy tpkhd

epiyak;> flw;fiu> tpkhd fhw;Wntsp> ghupa mstpyhd

epyq;fs;> mur $l;Lj;jhgdq;fs; kw;Wk; mur tq;fpfis

kypthf tpw;Fk; nfhs;if jw;NghJ eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;L

tUfpd;wJ.

ePq;fs; vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; ehL

gaDs;s gpui[> kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gk;> xOf;f

tpOkpaq;fisf; nfhz;l r%fk; kw;Wk; nropg;ghd

Njrk;...

,e;j tskhd jhafj;jpy; thOk; rpq;fs> jkpo;> K];ypk;>

kyhau;> Ngu;fu; Nghd;w midj;J ,dj;jtu;fSk; ,d;W

tho;tJ> Mrpahtpd; Mr;rupakhf Kd;Ndwpf;nfhz;bUe;j ehL

kiwg; nghUshjhu ehlhf khwptpLNkh vd;w ftiyapYk;

Rje;jpukhf Rthrpf;Fk; capu;> ve;Neuj;jpy; jPtputhj Fz;L

ntbg;gpdhy; KbtilANkh vd;w mr;rj;jpw;F kj;jpapYkhFk;.

NkYk; Coy; kw;Wk; jpwdw;w> Njhy;tpaile;j muir Nehf;fp

ehL gazpg;gij gw;wpa mtkjpg;GlDkhFk;. me;j vz;zj;ij

mfw;wp RgPl;rkhd ehl;il Nehf;fp gazpf;Fk; fhyk;

neUq;fptpl;lJ. gaDs;s gpui[> kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gk;>

xOf;f tpOkpaq;fisf;nfhz;l r%fk; kw;Wk; nropg;ghd

Njrk; vd;w ehd;F tifahd ,yf;Ffis ntw;wpnfhs;s

gj;J nfhs;ifAld; gpuNtrpf;f Ntz;ba Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W

murpay;thjpfs;> epGzu;fs; kw;Wk; njhopy; ty;yeu;fspd;

,zf;fg;ghl;Lld; xOq;fikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ghupa kf;fs;

gq;fspg;Gld;> [dehaf topKiwapd; Clhf mjd; rpwg;ghd

gpujpgyd;fis ngw;Wf;nfhLf;Fk; Kd;Ndw;wfukhd vjpu;fhyk;

xd;iw cUthf;FNthk; vd;W ehq;fs; cWjpaspf;fpd;Nwhk;.

vi ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;~

nghUslf;fk;

ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; Kd;Ndhf;F igpd;Gyf; fij iiehl;bd; jw;Nghija epiy ivePq;fs; vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; ehL vgaDs;s gpui[> kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gk;> xOf;f

tpOkpaq;fisf; nfhz;l r%fk; kw;Wk; nropg;ghd Njrk;... v

KjyhtJ gFjp

gj;J mk;rf; nfhs;if 02

,uz;lhtJ gFjp

Coyw;w nraw;wpwd;kpf;f Ml;rp 06nraw;wpwd;kpf;f Ml;rp 06

Coiy xopf;Fk; ehL 07

mur epWtd newpg;gLj;jy; nfhs;if 08

Njrpa xw;Wikf;F toptFf;Fk; [dehaf Ml;rp 09

%d;whtJ gFjp

ghJfhg;ghd ehL 12Njrpa ghJfhg;Gf;F Kd;Dupik 13

Vg;uy; 21 epfo;T 13

Nghijg;nghUs; jPq;fpy;yhj ehL 13

ghJfhg;Gr; Nrit : Nritf;Fg; ghJfhg;G 14

jpUg;jpfukhd nghyp]; Nrit xd;wpd; epkpj;jk; 14

rptpy; ghJfhg;G Nrit 15

vkf;fhf jpahfk; nra;j ,uhZt tPuu;fshd cq;fSf;F... 15

rpNdfG+u;t kw;Wk; ngUik nghUe;jpa ru;tNjr njhlu;Gfs; 15

ehd;fhtJ gFjp

kdpjts mgptpUj;jpapd; Gjpa ghij 20Ez;zwpTs;s gpui[ : mwptpdhy;

KOikaile;j r%fk; 20

jhapd; mutizg;gpypUe;J Mrhdpd; epoYf;F 20

ghlrhiyf; fy;tpapd; Gj;njOr;rp 20

guPl;ir ikaf;fy;tp Kiwf;F gjpyhf

khztu; ikaf;fy;tp Kiw 21

gy;fiyf;fofk; kw;Wk; cau; njhopw;fy;tp 21

njhopy; hPjpahd njhopy;El;gtpayhsu;fis cUthf;Ffpd;w

cau;fy;tp nghwpKiw 22

Rfhjhuj;jpw;F Kjyplk; 23

'Rftho;T top" Ntiyj;jpl;lk; 23

Rfhjhu Nrit trjpfis mgptpUj;jp nra;Ak;

Ntiyj;jpl;lk; 24

RNjr kw;Wk; MAu;Ntjj; Jiw 25

rf;jpkpf;f ,isQh;fs; 25

rf;jpkpf;f ,isQh;fSf;F tpisahl;bd;

Clhf tYT+l;ly; 26

mwpTg+h;tkhd ,sk;guhaj;jpdh; 26

fw;wwpe;j jha; Njrj;jpw;F tsk; 27

tpNrl jpwikfs; kw;Wk; khw;Wj; jpwdhspfs; 27

nfsutkhd rpNu~Ël gpui[fs; 28

'ehl;Lf;fhf gzp” fyhrhuk; 28

kf;fs; kPJ gw;Wf;nfhz;l mur Nrit 28

Xa;t+jpak; ngWNthh; 29

$l;Lj;jhgdk; gFjpastpyhd mur

epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; tq;fpfs; 29

jdpahh; Jiw 29

ntspehl;L Ntiytha;g;Gg; gilazp 30

jdpahH ghJfhg;G Nrit 30

rfy FLk;gq;fSf;Fk; trjpahd ,y;ynkhd;W 30

Ie;jhtJ gFjp

kf;fis ikag;gLj;jpa nghUshjhuk; 34kf;fis ikag;gLj;jpa nghUshjhuk; 36

2020 - 2025 nkhj;j nghUshjhu ,yf;F 36

nkhj;j nghUshjhuf; nfhs;if 36

Jhpj epthuz jpl;lk; 36

tupf; nfhs;if 36

nghJ kf;fSf;fhd epthuzk; 37

Gjpa tq;fp Kiw 37

,yq;ifapy; %yjd re;ij 38

xUq;fpize;j mgptpUj;jp Fwpfhl;b gpuNtrk; 38

njhopy;El;gj;Jld; fyf;Fk; vkJ tptrhak; 38

cug; gad;ghl;bd; Clhf Gjpa Gul;rp 39

tpij kw;Wk; nrb cw;gj;jp 39

jpl;lkply; kw;Wk; fsQ;rpag;gLj;jy; 40

re;ijg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J 40

tptrha Gj;jhf;f Muha;r;rp 40

Gj;juprp tpoh 40

Vw;Wkjp gaph;nra;if 41

Njapiy nra;if 41

,wg;gh; nra;if 41

njq;F nra;if 41

Vida Vw;Wkjp gaph;fs; 42

fUth nra;if 42

kpsF 42

flw;nwhopy; Jiwf;fhd gyk; 42

ghypdhy; jd;dpiwT milAk; ehL 43

,iwr;rp kw;Wk; Kl;il Vw;Wkjp vd;gd ifj;njhopyhf.. 43

ifj;njhopy; Jiwf;F mg;ghy; 44

Rw;Wyhj;Jiw 45

Milf; ifj;njhopy; 46

epHkhzj;Jiw 46

rPdp cw;gj;jp ifj;njhopy; 47

rpwpa kw;Wk; eLj;ju mstpyhd ifj;njhopy; 47

Vw;Gila $l;LwT ,af;fk; 47

Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;] ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F vii

MwhtJ gFjp

njhopy;El;gj;ij ikag;gLj;jpa r%fnkhd;W 50njhopy;El;g gad;ghLila r%fk; 50ru;tNjr Gj;jhf;f kj;jpa epiyak; 50kf;fs; kag;gLj;jpa b[pl;ly; epUthf Kiwik 50b[pl;ly; kag;gLj;jg;gl;l ,yq;if 51jfty; njhopEl;g njhopy; Kaw;rpfs; 51

VohtJ gFjp

ngsjPf mikg;gpd; Gjpa mZFKiw 54ngsjPf mikg;gpd; Gjpa mZFKiw 56

A9 cld; C9 nghUshjhu jho;thuq;fs; xd;gJ 56efu kWrPuikg;G 56

ehd;F nghpa tzpf efuq;fs; 56

Njrpa efuq;fs; 56,izg;G efuq;fs; 56nfhj;jdp efuk; 56Gjpa nfhOk;G - tHj;jf kw;Wk; epjp efuk; 56

Rfkhd nrhFR gazk; - Rw;whly; el;GwT uPjpahd

Nghf;Ftuj;J fl;likg;G 56

midj;ijAk; ,izf;Fk; tPjp fl;likg;G 56

gupkhwy; Nghf;Ftuj;J Nrit 57

Gifapuj Nrit 57

JiwKfk; kw;Wk; tpkhd Nrit 57

nfhOk;G JiwKfk; 58

`k;ghe;Njhl;il JiwKfk; 58

tpkhd epiya mgptpUj;jp 58

GJg;gpf;fj;jf;f vhpnghUs; %yq;fSf;F khWjy; 58

GJg;gpf;fj;jf;f vhprf;jp %yq;fSf;F khWtjw;F 58

ePu; tsk; 58

mdu;j;j Kfhikj;Jtk; 59

vl;lhtJ gFjp

tYthjhu Rw;whly;; nfhs;if 62Ngz;jF Rw;whly; nfhs;if 63

epyk; 63

ifj;njhopy; 63

fopT Kfhikj;Jtk; 63

tspkz;lyk; 64

caph; gy;tifikj; jd;ik 64

rKj;jpu tsk; 64

kf;fs; trpg;gplk; kw;Wk; efuq;fs; 64

Rw;whly; fy;tp 65

xd;gjhtJ gFjp

rl;lj;ij kjpf;Fk; Fzeyk; nfhz;l xOf;fnewpahd r%fk; 68FzeyKk;> xOf;fnewpAk; nfhz;l epahakhd r%fk; 69

kjj;jpw;F Kd;Dupik 69

rl;lk;> r%f ePjpf;fhf 69

njspthd Clff; nfhs;if 70

tuyhW> njhy;nghUs; kw;Wk; Njrpa kuGhpikfs; 70

fyhrhuk;> ,yf;fpak; kw;Wk; fiy 71

,yf;fpaj; Jiw 71

Nkil ehlfj; Jiw 71

rpdpkhj;Jiw 71

,irj;Jiw 72

eldj;Jiw 72

Xtpak; kw;Wk; rpw;gf;fiyj;Jiw 72

gupfhu G+rfHfs; 72

r%f ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; eyd;Gup trjpfs; 72

Fiwe;j tUkhdk; ngWNthiu caH tUkhdk;

cilatHfshf khw;Wk; Ntiyj;jpl;lk; 72

r%fg; ghJfhg;G 73

Fw;wj; jLg;G 73

tPjp tpgj;Jf;fis jLj;jy; 73

tpyq;fpdq;fSf;Fk; fUiz 73

gj;jhtJ gFjp

fpuhkj;Jldhd fye;Jiuahly; 76fpuhkj;Jld; ciuahly; 76

kf;fs; ika rigfs; kw;Wk; kf;fs; ika epiyaq;fs; 76

fpuhkpa gz;Gf;F ehl;bd; rf;jp 76

gpuhe;jpa mgptpUj;jp 77

jkpo; K];ypk; rNfhjuj;Jtk; 77

Njhl;lg;Gwk; rhh;e;j r%fk; 78

Fwpg;Gfs; 79

gj ;J mk ;rf ; nfhs ;if

02 ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;~

KjyhtJ gFjp

gj;J mk;rf; nfhs;if

gaDs;s gpui[> kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gk;> xOf;f tpOkpaq;fisf;nfhz;l r%fk; kw;Wk; nropg;ghd Njrk; vd;w ehd;F tifahd ,yf;Ffis ntw;wpnfhs;s gj;J nfhs;ifAld; gpuNtrpf;f Ntz;ba Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W murpay;thjpfs;> epGzu;fs; kw;Wk; njhopy; ty;Yeu;fspd; ,zf;fg;ghl;Lld; xOq;fikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ghupa kf;fs; gq;fspg;Gld;> [dehaf topKiwapd; Clhf mjd; rpwg;ghd gpujpgyd;fis ngw;Wf;nfhLf;Fk; Kd;Ndw;wfukhd vjpu;fhyk; xd;iw cUthf;FNthk; vd;W ehq;fs; cWjpaspf;fpd;Nwhk;.

gj;J mk;rf;nfhs;if

01. Njrpa ghJfhg;Gf;F Kd;Dupik

02. rpNefG+u;t kw;Wk; gpupahj ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;if

03. J}a;ikahd mur epu;thfk;

04. kf;fSf;F nghWg;Gf; $Wk; ahg;G rPu;jpUj;jk;

05. gaDs;s gpui[ -- gyDs;s kdpj tsk;

06. kf;fis ikakhff;nfhz;l nghUshjhuk;

07. njhopy;El;gj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l

r%fk;

08. ngsjPf ts mgptpUj;jp

09. Ngz;jF #oy; Kfhikj;Jtk;

10. rl;lj;ij kjpf;ff;$ba> xOf;fnewpAila>

kw;Wk; Fzeyq;nfhz;l r%fk;

Njrpa ghJfhg;Gf;F Kd;Dupik

Njrpa ghJfhg;G Nfs;tpf;Fwpahf

cs;s ehl;by;> Vida midj;J

tplaq;fSk; rPu;FiytJk; kw;Wk;

mjDld; Njrpa muR cupikaw;W

NghtJ tiu nry;Yk; Fog;gfukhd

epiyik Vw;gLtjw;Fs;s tha;g;igAk;

ehk; rkfhy ru;tNjr cjhuzq;fspd;

%yk; Gupe;Jnfhz;Ls;Nshk;. mjdhy;

ve;jnthU ehl;bdJk; ,Ug;G> Njrpa

ghJfhg;G gw;wp ehk; nfhz;Ls;s

fupridapd; mstpNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ.

mjdhy; vkJ Ml;rpapd; fPo;

[dehaf kf;fs; tho;itAk; Njrpa

ghJfhg;igAk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F

mtrpakhd etPd topKiwfis

gpd;gw;Wtjw;F eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

01. Njrpa ghJfhg;Gf;F Kd;Dupik

Njrpa ghJfhg;G Nfs;tpf;Fwpahf cs;s ehl;by;> Vida

midj;J tplaq;fSk; rPu;FiytJk; kw;Wk; mjDld; Njrpa

muR cupikaw;W NghtJ tiu nry;Yk; Fog;gfukhd

epiyik Njhd;Wtjw;Fs;s tha;g;igAk; ehk; rkfhy

ru;tNjr cjhuzq;fspd; %yk; Gupe;Jnfhz;Ls;Nshk;.

mjdhy; ve;jnthU ehl;bdJk; ,Ug;G> Njrpa ghJfhg;G

gw;wp ehk; nfhz;Ls;s fupridapd; mstpNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ.

mjdhy; vkJ Ml;rpapd; fPo; [dehaf kf;fs; tho;itAk;

Njrpa ghJfhg;igAk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F mtrpakhd etPd

topKiwfis gpd;gw;Wtjw;F eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

02. rpNdfG+u;t kw;Wk; gpupahj ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;if

,yq;ifapd; mgpkhdj;ij cyfpd; Kd; jiyepkpu;;e;J

epw;fr;nra;tNj> vkJ ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;ifapd;

mbg;gilahFk;. ehl;bd; ,iwik> kw;Wk; RahjPdj;jd;ikia

vt;tpj epge;jidfSf;F kj;jpapYk; fhl;bf;nfhLf;fhj>

G+kpiaNah my;yJ mur tzpf Kaw;rpfisNah

ntspehl;ltUf;F ifaspf;fhj> kw;Wk; ehl;il ghjpf;Fk;

tifapy; mike;j xg;ge;jq;fis ifr;rj;jplhj nfhs;ifia

ehk; ghJfhg;Nghk;. mjw;F khwhf cyfpd; midj;J

ehLfiSlDk; rkkhd ez;gu;fs; vd;w uPjpapy; nraw;gLk; 'rk

el;G ru;tNjr nfhs;ifia" gpd;gw;Wtjw;F ehd; mu;g;gzpg;Gld;

nraw;gLNtd;.

Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;] ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F 03

03. J}a;ikahd mur epUthfk;

,d;iwa fhyfl;lj;jpy; ehl;L kf;fs; xNu Fuypy; Nfl;Fk;

gpujhd tplak;> kf;fs; vjpu;ghu;g;Gfis epiwT nra;Ak;

murhl;rpnahd;iw cUthf;FtNj MFk;. mjd; fPo; J}

u Nehf;iff; nfhz;l nfhs;ifnahd;wpd; fPo; kf;fs;

gpujpepjpfspd; kw;Wk; mur Copau;fspd; J}a;ikahd

mu;g;gzpg;Gld; $ba J\;gpuNahfk; mw;w murhl;rpnahd;iw ehk;

epiyehl;LNthk;.

04. kf;fSf;F nghWg;Gf;$Wk; ahg;G rPu;jpUj;jk;

murpay; fl;rpfspd; kw;Wk; mjd; jiytu;fspd;

Njitf;Nfw;gTk; jdpg;gl;l mgpyhirfSf;fhfTk; ,yq;ifapd;

murpay; ahg;ig gad;gLj;jpa Afj;ij epiwT nra;J> vkJ

murpay; ahg;gpy; nra;ag;gl;Ls;s Fog;gj;ij ePf;fp kf;fspd;

,iwikia Kf;fpaj;Jtg;gLj;jp nraw;gLk; Gjpa ahg;G

rPu;jpUj;jk; xd;iw ehk; jhkjpf;fhJ Kd;itg;Nghk;.

05. gaDs;s gpui[ -- gyDs;s kdpj tsk;

xU ehl;bd; Kd;Ndw;wk; mq;F thOk; Fbkf;fspd; mwpT>

jpwik> kw;Wk; nraw;jpwdpd; mbg;gilapNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ.

MdhYk; Afj;jpw;F Afk; cyfpy; Vw;gLk; Gjpa tsu;r;rpf;Nfw;g

ghupa Kd;Ndw;wj;Jld; ehKk; mjw;Nfw;why; Nghy; gazpf;f

Ntz;Lnkdpy;> Gj;jhf;fj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L kdpj

tsk; mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhf rpwe;j

mwpTld; $ba> gaDs;s Fbkfid cUthf;Fk; nghWg;ig

ehk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;.

06. kf;fis ikakhff;nfhz;l nghUshjhuk;

ehk; fl;bnaOg;gpa nghJ kf;fSf;F Rikaw;w cs;ehl;L

th;j;jh;fis gyg;gLj;jpa nghUsjhuj;ij rPh;Fiyj;j

KO nghWg;igAk; jw;Nghija murhq;fNk Vw;fNtz;Lk;.

Ntfkhf Ntiy nra;Ak; ehNl cs;ehl;L; th;j;jfh;fis

Cf;Ftpg;gjw;F Njitg;gLfpd;wJ. mjw;fhd chpa ,yf;Fld;

$ba mgptpUj;jp jpl;lq;fs; murhq;fj;jplk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

me;j Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis ehk; jahhpj;J Kbj;Js;Nshk;.

vdpDk; mjw;F Kjypy; cs;ehl;L th;j;jfh;fs; vjph;Nehf;Fk;

neUf;fbapypUe;J mth;fis kPl;nlLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;fhf

mth;fSf;F Njitahd rfy trjpfisAk; Kjy; Mz;Lfspy;

toq;fg;gLk;. rfy gpui[fSf;Fk; epiyahd nghUshjhu

];jpujd;ikAk; Kd;NdWtjw;F rkkhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;

nfsutkhf thof;$ba chpikia ngw;Wf;nfhLg;gJk;

vkJ> kf;fis ikakhf nfhz;l nghUshjhu jpl;lj;jpd;

Nehf;fkhFk;. mjw;fhd Jhpj tho;thjhu Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fSf;F

Nkyjpfkhf nry;te;ju;fis tplTk; nghJ kf;fis

Nkk;gLj;JtNj vkJ Nehf;fkhFk;.

07. njhopEl;gj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l r%fk;

etPd njhopEl;gk; kw;Wk; G+Nfhs Nghf;Ffis

,izj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; ,isQu;fspd; vz;zq;fSf;F

,lkspf;Fk;> NkYk; Gj;jhf;fj;jpw;F Kjyplk; toq;Fk;

mgptpUj;jpapd; Gjpa gupkhzq;fs; tiu nry;yf;$ba

njhopEl;gtpay; jpl;lnkhd;W ,d;W ehl;Lf;F mtrpakhf

cs;sJ. ehk; mgptpUj;jpapd; cau; epiyia neUq;f

Ntz;Lnkdpy;> etPd njhopEl;g mwpT kw;Wk; ifahSjiy

jhkjkpd;wp ifafg;gLj;JtJ mtrpakhFk;. vkJ gpujhd

mtjhdpg;ig nrYj;jpapUg;gJ> mwpT kw;Wk; jpwikapdhy;

g+uzg;gl;l vjpu;fhy re;jjpapdiu cUthf;FtjpNyNa MFk;.

08. ,aw;if ts mgptpUj;jp

vkJ ehL cau;thd mgptpUj;jp ,yf;if Nehf;fpr;

nry;tjw;fhd mtjhdj;ij nrYj;j Ntz;ba gpujhd

Jiwahf> vkJ ,aw;if tsq;fis gaDs;s tifapy;

gad;gLj;JtjhFk;. ehl;bd; rpwpa gFjp tiuaiw ,d;wp

gad;gLj;jg;gLtNjhL> ghupa gFjpnahd;W vt;tpj gad;ghLk;

,y;yhky; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mjdhy; trjpfs; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu

tha;g;Gfis ehL G+uhfTk; tpahgpf;fr; nra;J> ehl;bd;

ve;jnthU ,lj;ijAk; etPd khdpl tho;Tf;F cfe;j ,lkhf

khw;WtJk; vkf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s ghupa rthyhFk;. me;j

rthiy Vw;Wf;nfhs;s ehq;fs; jahu;.

09. Ngz;jF #oy; Nkyhz;ik

kuq;fs;> ePu;epiyfs; kw;Wk; kpUfq;fis Kjd;ikahf;nfhz;l

#oy;> vkJ RthRj;JlNdNa ,ize;Js;sJ. mjdhy;

vjpu;fhy re;jjpapdUf;fhf vkJ #oiy Ngz;jifikAld;

ghJfhf;f Ntz;Lk;. GjpjhFk; td mopg;Gf;F kj;jpapy;

midj;J fhLfisAk; ghJfhf;f ehk; eltbf;if vLf;f

Ntz;Lk;. fhyq;fle;j rl;lq;fis khw;wpaikj;J> midj;J

#oy; J\;gpuNahfq;fisAk; epiwT nra;tjw;F mtrpakhd

rl;l tiuaiwfs; cUthf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. midj;J MWfs;>

Fsq;fs;> fhy;tha;fs; Rj;jg;gLj;Jk; Ntiyj;jpl;lj;Jld;

nghJkf;fSf;F FbePiu ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd cupikiaAk;

ghJfhg;gJ vkJ nghWg;ghFk;.

RgPl;rkhd Njrj;ij Nehf;fp ,yFthfg; gazpg;gjw;F jilahf

cs;s> mur epu;thfk; nraypoe;Js;s> fhyhtjpahd rl;l

jpl;lq;fs;> epWtd kw;Wk; epu;thf ahg;G Nghd;w midj;ijAk;

kWguprPyidf;F cl;gLj;jp> mtrpakhd rPu;jpUj;j

MNyhridfis Kd;itg;gjw;fhf (rl;l kWrPuikg;G rig)

xd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

10. rl;lj;ij kjpf;ff;$ba> xOf;fnewpAila> kw;Wk; Fzeyq;nfhz;l rkjhak;

r%fj;Jld; epahakhf ele;Jnfhs;Sk;> rl;lj;jpd; Ml;rpia

kjpf;Fk; Fbkfid cUthf;fp> rl;l xOq;Ffis gpd;gw;Wk;

ehl;il kw;Wk; kw;Wk; Ngz;jifik nfhz;l r%fj;ij

fl;bnaOg;GtJ vkJ vjpu;ghu;g;Gk; ,yf;FkhFk;. me;j

Kaw;rpapy; CdKw;wtu;fs;> tpNrl jpwikfis cilatu;fs;

kw;Wk; ,isQu; AtjpfSf;Fk; gpujhd r%f nghUshjhu

ghijia tpl;Lk; jdpikg;gl ,lkspf;fg;glkhl;lhJ.

mtu;fSf;Fk; ngUikAld; cau; epiyia mila> jkJ

tho;f;ifia Kd;Ndw;wfukhdjhf khw;wpf;nfhs;s mtrpakhd

trjpfSld; $ba #onyhd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

Coyw ;w nraw ;w pwd ;k pf ;f Ml;r p


,uz;lhtJ gFjp

Coyw;w nraw;wpwd;kpf;f Ml;rp

• Coyw;w nraw;wpwd;kpf;f Ml;rp

• Coiy xopf;Fk; ehL

• mur epWtd newpg;gLj;jy; nfhs;if

• Njrpa xw;Wikf;F toptFf;Fk; [dehaf Ml;rp

Coyw;w nraw;wpwd;kpf;f Ml;rp

Mrpahtpd; Mr;rupakhd ehlhf

vk;khy; fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;l ,yq;if>

fle;j ehd;fiu tUlq;fshf

njw;fhrpahtpd; Fiwe;j

mgptpUj;jp Ntfk; nfhz;l ehlhf

khwpapUg;gjw;fhd fhuzk;> ,e;j

murhq;fj;jpd;J}u Nehf;fw;w kw;Wk;

nraw;wpwdw;w Ml;rp KiwNa

MFk;. mjd; gpujpgydhf mur

Jiw> cs;ehl;L tpahghupfs;>

cw;gj;jpahsu;fs; kw;Wk; tptrhapfs;

cl;gl KO mikg;Gk; ghupa

tPo;r;rpf;F cl;gl;Ls;sd. me;j

tPo;r;rpf;F gpuhjhd fhuzhf

mike;j mur Jiwia> gaDs;s

kw;Wk; nraw;jpwd;kpf;f mur

Jiwahf khw;Wtjw;F ehk;

mu;g;gzpg;Gld; nraw;gLNthk;.

mur epWtd newpg;gLj;jy; nfhs;if

ehl;bd; nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jp nraw;ghl;by; gykhd jdpahu; Jiw Nghd;W gykhd mur

JiwAk; fhzg;gLtJ mtrpakhFk;. vkJ mur epWtdq;fs; ve;j tifahd jdpahu;

kag;gLj;jYf;Fk; cl;gLj;jg;gl khl;lhJ. mjw;F khwhf midj;J mur epWtdq;fSk;

gaDs;s kw;Wk; nraw;wpwdhd epWtdkhf khw;Wtjw;F mtrpakhd eltbf;iffs;

Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

Coiy xopf;Fk; ehL

ePz;l fhykhf kf;fs; xNu Fuypy; Nfl;ff;$ba

tplakhd> Coiy ehl;by; ,Ue;J KOikahf

,y;yhnjhopg;gjw;fhf ehk; ve;j gpd;thq;fSk; ,d;wp

nraw;gLNthk; vd;gij cWjpahf $wpf;nfhs;tNjhL>

Coy;> J~;gpuNahfkw;w murpay;thjpia kl;Lkd;wp

gpui[iaAk; cUthf;Ftjw;fhf ehk; eltbf;if

vLg;Nghk;.

Njrpa xw;Wikf;F toptFf;Fk; [dehaf Ml;rp

cyfpd; mjpfhuk; nfhz;ltu;fspd; kw;Wk; ru;tNjr

mur rhu;gw;w mikg;Gf;fspd; mgpyhi~fSf;F khwhf

kf;fspd; mgpyhi~fspd; mbg;gilapyhd Gjpa

ahg;nghd;iw mwpKfk; nra;a ehq;fs; eltbf;if

vLg;Nghk;. nghJ kf;fspdJk; gy;NtW murpay; kw;Wk;

nghJkf;fs; mikg;Gf;fspdJk; MNyhridfis ngw;W

Gjpa ahg;G cUthf;fj;jpw;F ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; midj;J

fl;rpfisAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;Ak; tifapyhd

njupTf; FO xd;iw epakpf;f eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

nraw;wpwd;kpf;f Ml;rpMrpahtpd; Mr;rupakhd ehlhf vk;khy; fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;l

,yq;if> fle;j ehd;fiu tUlq;fshf njw;fhrpahtpd;

Fiwe;j mgptpUj;jp Ntfk; nfhz;l ehlhf khwpapUg;gjw;fhd

fhuzk;> ,e;j murhq;fj;jpd; J}u Nehf;fw;w kw;Wk;

nraw;jpwdw;w Ml;rpNa MFk;. mjd; gpujpgydhf mur Jiw>

cs;ehl;L tpahghupfs;> cw;gj;jpahsu;fs; kw;Wk; tptrhapfs;

cl;gl KO mikg;Gk; ghupa tPo;r;rpf;F cl;gl;Ls;sd. me;j

tPo;r;rpf;F gpuhjhd fhuzhf mike;j mur Jiwia> gaDs;s

kw;Wk; nraw;jpwd;kpf;f mur Jiwahf khw;Wtjw;F ehk;

mu;g;gzpg;Gld; nraw;gLNthk;.

• vjpu;fhyj;jpy; vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLk; RgPl;rkhd Njrj;ij fl;bnaOg;Gjw;fhf rpwg;ghf mu;g;gzpg;Gld; nraw;gLk;

mikr;ruit xd;wpd; Njit ,d;W Njhd;wpAs;sJ.

mjdbg;gilapy; ,e;j Njrpa Ntiyj;jpl;lj;ij

nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F eilKiw uPjpahd kw;Wk; njhopEl;g

topKiwfSf;F mika vjpu;fhy mikr;ruit

jPu;khdpf;fg;gLtNjhL> xt;nthU mikr;Rf;Fk; Fwpj;j

nghWg;ig rupahf epiwNtw;wj; jFjpahd mikr;ru;fs;

njupT nra;ag;gLtu;.


vjpu;tUk; jrhg;jj;jpy; vkJ ehl;il cyf kfpo;r;rp Rl;nlz;

(World Happiness Index) ,y; Kjd;ik ehlhf khw;WtNj vkJ Nehf;fkhFk;.

• mur nryTfs; kw;Wk; KjyPLfSf;fhf Kd;itf;fg;gLk; mikr;ruitg;gj;jpuk; mikr;ruitr; nrayhsupd;

jiyikapy; ,aq;Fk; rpNu\;l mjpfhupfs; FOnthd;wpd;

Ma;Tf;Fw;gLj;jp mjd; gpNuuizfSld; Kd;itf;f

eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• %d;W tUl fhyj;jpw;F mur Jiwf;F (mikr;ru;fs; cl;gl) thfd kw;Wk; mYtyfq;fis nfhs;tdT nra;jy;>

thliff;F vLj;jy; Kw;whf jil nra;ag;gLk;.

Coiy xopf;Fk; ehLRje;jpuj;jpd; gpd;dh; midj;J murhq;fq;fs; kPJk; Coy;

Fw;wr;rhl;Lf;fs; Rkj;jg;gl;lhYk;> ey;yhl;rp vd;w ngaupy;

mjpfhuj;jpw;F te;j jw;Nghija murhq;fj;jpd; msTf;F

Coy;> J\;gpuNahfj;jpy; ve;jnthU murhq;fKk; vkJ Fw;wkw;w jd;ikiaNa

kf;fSf;F Gupaitj;jJ. mJ gw;wp ehk; mtu;fSf;F ed;wp

njuptpf;fpd;Nwhk;. kj;jpa tq;fp nfhs;is njhlf;fk; eilngw;w

midj;J Coy;fSf;Fk; vjpuhf tof;Fj;jhf;fy; nra;J>

jz;lid ngw;Wf;nfhLg;gNjhL> mt;thW ngw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l

midj;J nrhj;Jf;fisAk; kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf;nfhs;Nthk;;.

ehk; cj;Njrpj;Js;s kf;fs; ikag;gl;l nghUshjhuj;jpd; fPo;

nrytpLtjw;fhf vjpu;ghuf;fg;gLk; gzj;jpd; xU gFjpia mur

Jiwapy; Coiy xopg;gjd; Clhf ngw;Wf;nfhs;s eltbf;if

vLg;Nghk;. ehk; epfo;fhyj;ij khj;jpuk; vz;zp nraw;gl

khl;Nlhk;. vjpu;fhy vkJ murpd; fPo; ve;jnthU Coy;>

J\;gpuNahfj;jpw;Fk; ,lkspf;f khl;Nlhk;. mjdbg;gilapy;

ePz;l fhykhf kf;fs; xNu Fuypy; Nfl;ff;$ba tplakhd>

Coiy ehl;by; ,Ue;J KOikahf ,y;yhnjhopg;gjw;fhf ehk;

ve;j gpd;thq;fSk; ,d;wp nraw;gLNthk; vd;gij cWjpahf

$wpf;nfhs;tNjhL> Coy;> J\;gpuNahfkw;w murpay;thjpia

kl;Lkd;wp gpui[iaAk; cUthf;Ftjw;fhf ehk; eltbf;if

vLg;Nghk;.

• kj;jpa tq;fp nfhs;is cl;gl fle;j fhyj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;w ghupa mstpyhd 20 Coy; kw;Wk; Nkhrbfs; cl;gl>

Fw;wq;fSld; njhlu;Gs;s midj;J Fw;wthspfSf;Fk;

jhkjkpd;wp jz;lidia toq;Ftjw;fhd rl;lq;fs;

eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• Coy; kw;Wk; NkhrbfSld; njhlu;Gila vkJ fl;rpapd; ve;jnthU cau; epiyapYk; cs;s kf;fs; gpujpepjpfs;

my;yJ cau; kl;l mjpfhupfis cldbahf fl;rpapy;

,Ue;J ePf;fg;gLtJld; ve;jnthU mOj;jq;fSk; ,d;wp

rl;lj;ij epiyehl;l MjuT toq;fg;gLk;. mjw;fhf ,yQ;rk;

my;yJ Coy; xopg;G Mizf;FO gyg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• nghyp]; epjp Fw;wtpay; gpupit rl;luPjpahf mikj;J nghJkf;fSf;Fk; Kiwg;ghLfis toq;f re;ju;g;gk;

Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhLg;gNjhL> fl;rp epw NtWghbd;wp midj;J

Coy; kw;Wk; NkhrbfSf;F jLf;Fk; 'epjp Fw;wtpay; jPu;g;G

ePjpkd;wk" xd;W mikf;fg;gLk;.

• mikr;Rfspd; nghWg;Gfis> mikr;rupd; MNyhridapd; Ngupy; mikr;Rfspd; nrayhsu; jiyikapy; mur

mjpfhupfNs nraw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. mjdhy; midj;J

mikr;RfspdJk; nrayhsu;fshf> rpwe;j epu;thfj;

jpwik kw;Wk; mDgtk; cs;s> nraw;jpwd;kpf;f>

vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLk; ,yf;Ffis Nehf;fp gazpf;ff;$ba>

Gj;jhf;f rpe;jidnfhz;l mur mjpfhupfs; kw;Wk; Jiwrhu;

ty;Yeu;fNs epakpf;fg;gLtu;.

• me;j mjpfhupfSf;F kw;Wk; vjpu;fhyj;jpy; mg;gjtpfSf;F epakpf;fg;glf;$ba ,uz;lhk; epiy mjpfhupfSf;Fk;

mtrpakhd Nkyjpf Jiwrhu; mwpTf;F kw;Wk;

tpNrl Nkyhz;ik gapw;rpfis njhlu;Nju;r;rpahf

Nkk;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s midtUf;Fk; rkkhd tha;g;Gfs;

toq;fg;glf;$ba tifapy; cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L

gapw;rpfis ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd Kiwahd

nray;Kiwnahd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• midj;J mur epWtdq;fspdJk; gpujhdpfs;> $l;Lj;jhgd jtprhsu;fs; kw;Wk; ,af;Fdu; rigfspd; mq;fj;jtu;fshf>

jiyikj;Jtg; gz;Gs;s> Jiwrhu; mwpTs;s> jFjp

kw;Wk; mDgtKs;stu;fSk;> jpwd;fspd; mbg;gilapYk;

gjtpfSf;F epakpf;Fk; tifapyhd nghwpKiwnahd;W

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk;. etPd r%fj;;jpd; NjitfSf;Nfw;g

Fwpj;j Nritfis rpwg;ghf nraw;gLj;j njhopEl;g

ty;Ydu;fs;(Technocrats) ,izj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gLtu;.

• jw;NghJ epyTk; xd;NwhL xd;W nghUj;jkpy;yhj kw;Wk; eilKiwr;rhj;jpakw;w mur epu;thfk; kw;Wk; mur epWtd

Rw;wwpf;iffs;> rPu;jpUj;jg;gl;L jpwdhd kf;fs; Nritf;F

,lkspf;Fk; tifapy; Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;F mtrpakhd Vida

Rw;wwpf;iffs; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• jw;NghJ eilKiwapYs;s \Njrpa nghUshjhu rig| kw;Wk; \%Nyhgha epWtd newpg;gLj;jy; Kftiu| ePf;fptpl;L> Njrpa

nfhs;if kw;Wk; jpl;lkply;> mur KjyPLfis NtWgLj;jy;>

Njrpa mgptpUj;jp jpl;lkply;> nraw;jpl;l topKiwfs;> jpl;l

gFg;gha;T kw;Wk; newpg;gLj;jy; vd;w Kf;fpa tplaq;fis

ntspg;gilj;jd;ikAld; kw;Wk; mur %Nyhghaq;fSf;F

mikthf nraw;gLj;Jtjw;fhf> [dhjpgjpapd; fPo;

fhzg;gLk; \Njrpa nfhs;if kw;Wk; jpl;lkply; Mizf;FO|

xd;W> Njitahd mjpfhuq;fSld; cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• Njrpa nfhs;if cUthf;fj;jpw;fhf kf;fspd; gq;fspg;igg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lijg;Nghy;> nfhs;ifj; jPu;khdq;fis

eilKiwg;gLj;Jk;Nghjk; kf;fspd; gq;fspg;ig

ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd nghwpKiwnahd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

mjd; fPo; mjpfhupfSf;F> njhopy; ty;Ydu;fSf;F>

ePz;lfhy mDgtKs;s rpNu\;l gpui[fSf;F kw;Wk; Vida

tpUg;gKs;s gq;fhspfSk; gq;Fngw re;ju;g;gk; toq;fg;gLk;.

• 2015 Mk; Mz;by;> If;fpa ehLfs; rig %yk; mjd; mq;fj;Jt ehLfspd; ,zf;fg;ghl;Lld; ntspapl;l 'Ngz;jF

mgptpUj;jp ,yf;F" 2030 Mz;lstpy; miltjw;F

NjitahdthW mikr;ruit mikg;G cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• vkJ murhq;fj;jpy; vk;khy; ntw;wpnfhs;sg;glNtz;ba kpy;Nydpa ,yf;Ffis mile;Jnfhs;tjw;fhf Njitahd>

Kiwahd Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• RgPl;rkhd munrhd;iw fl;bnaOg;Gtnjd;gJ> midtUk; kfpo;r;rpahf thof;$ba ehnlhd;iw cUthf;FtjhFk;.


• nfhs;tdT nra;Ak; NghJk; mDkjp ngWk; NghJk; thp tpjpf;fg;gLk; nghOJ ,yF Kiw topapy; xg;ge;jfhuh;fis

jPh;khdpg;gjw;F Gjpa topKiw xd;iw mwpKfg;gLj;jp ,Wjp

jPh;khdk; xd;iw vLg;gjw;F NtW egh;fs; Njitg;glhJ.

,it vy;yhtw;iwAk; njhopy;El;g ghtid %yk;

Kd;ndLf;f KbAk;.

• mjdhy; ,d;W gy ehLfspy; Coiy xopg;gjw;F njhop;y;El;gk; xU jPh;thf mike;Js;sJ. vkf;Fk; ,yFthf

,j;jifa xU Kiwnahd;iw ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;.

mJNghd;W ehk; vjph;ghh;f;fpd;w Njrpa nfhs;ifnahd;iw

tFj;J mjid KOikahf mKy;gLj;j KbAk;. vkJ

Nehf;fk; cWjpahd xU mur tpidj;jpwd;kpf;f ts kw;Wk;

Kfhikj;Jt nghwpKiw xd;iw Kd;ndLg;gjhFk;. mJ

vkJ> nghJ kf;fSf;F nghWg;G $Wfpd;w Gjpa mur

eph;thf Kiwahf mikAk;.

• , - njhopEl;gg; gad;ghl;il Kjd;ikg;gLj;jpa nghwpKiwnahd;Wld; Coy; xopg;G Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W

nraw;gLj;jg;gLtNjhL gpujhd mur epWtdq;fspy;

,lk;ngWfpd;w my;yJ ,lk;ngwg;Nghfpd;w Nkhrb kw;Wk;

Coy; nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fs; gw;wp ngau; Fwpg;gplg;glhky;

Kiwg;ghL nra;tjw;fhd Kiwnahd;iw mwpKfk; nra;a

Njitahd rl;lq;fs; cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• ,yQ;rk; kw;Wk; Nkhrbaw;w mur Nritia eilKiwg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; jdpahu; JiwAk; mjd;

gpufhuk; nraw;gLtjdhy; Njrpa Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;iw

eilKiwg;gLj;j ,yQ;rk; kw;Wk; Coy; jpizf;fsj;jpd;

flikfis tpupTgLj;jg;gl;l epWtd kw;Wk; rl;l

mikg;gpDs; gyg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

mur epWtd newpg;gLj;jy; nfhs;ifehl;bd; nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jp nraw;ghl;by; gykhd jdpahu;

Jiw Nghd;W gykhd mur mur JiwAk; fhzg;gLtJ

mtrpakhFk;. vkJ mur epWtdq;fs; ve;j tifahd jdpahu;

kag;gLj;jYf;Fk; cl;gLj;jg;gl khl;lhJ. mjw;F khwhf

midj;J mur epWtdq;fSk; gaDs;s kw;Wk; nraw;jpwdhd

epWtdkhf khw;Wtjw;F mtrpakhd eltbf;iffs;

Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

• ve;jnthU mur epWtdKk; njhlu;r;rpahf mur tuT nryTj;jpl;lj;jpw;F Rikahf mikahj epWtdkhf

nraw;gLtjw;F cWjpahd kw;Wk; Kiwahd

Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk;. mjd; fPo;>

• mur epWtdq;fspd; jtprhsu;fs; kw;Wk; ,af;Fdu; rig jkJ mjpfhuj;jpd; fPo; cs;s epWtdq;fspd; ,yhgfu

epiyik kw;Wk; epjp epiyikapd; Kd;Ndw;wk; njhlu;ghf

nghWg;gspf;fg;gLtJld; mtu;fspd; nraw;jpwd;fs;

tUlhe;jk; kjpg;gPL nra;ag;gLk;.

• me;j epWtdq;fspd; Coy; kw;Wk; Nkhrbfis KOikahf xopf;f ntz;ba nghWg;G jtprhsu; kw;Wk;

,af;Fdu; rigiaNa rhUk;.

• mur epWtdq;fis newpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf rpNu~;l Nkyhsu;fis njupT nra;Ak;NghJ murpay; el;G

mbg;gilapy; ,d;wp Fwpj;j nghWg;ig ruptu epiwNtw;w

Njitahd jifik mbg;gilapy; njupTfs;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• mur tq;fpfs;> gpujhd jpizf;fsq;fs;> kw;Wk; $l;Lj;jhgdq;fSf;F Kiwahd fzf;fha;T

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L ntspg;gilahd tuT nryTfs;

njhlu;ghd Nkyhz;ik nghwpKiwnahd;W

cUthf;fg;gLtNjhL cupa epWtdkag;gl;l

NjitfSf;fhf tUlhe;j fzf;Ffis Kd;itf;Fk;

nghWg;ig epiwNtw;wj;jtUk; ,af;Fdu; rigia

khw;Wtjw;F eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• mur tpahghu Kaw;rpfis jdpahu;kag;gLj;jiy jil nra;tjw;fhd rl;l uPjpahd tiuaiw xd;iw

mwpKfg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; jdpahu;kag;gLj;jpAs;s mur

gq;Ffs; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;Ak;NghJ mur nfhs;iffSf;F

Vw;g nraw;gLtjw;fhd epge;jidfis rl;l uPjpahf;f


• Njrpa epWtdq;fshf ,yq;if tq;fp> kf;fs; tq;fp> Njrpa Nrkpg;G tq;fp> JiwKfk; kw;Wk; tpkhd epiyak;>

,yq;if tpkhd Nrit> kpd;rhu rig> ngw;Nwhypa

$l;Lj;jhgdk;> ePu;toq;fy;; rig> ,yq;if Nghf;Ftuj;J rig

kw;Wk; ,yq;if Gifapujk; KOikahf njhopy; uPjpahd

Nkyhz;ikf;F cl;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• Njrpa epWtd mjpfhu rig (National Enterprises Authority) xd;iw mikg;gjd; %yk; ,e;j epWtdq;fs; ,yhgfu

tpahghu Kaw;rpfshf Kd;ndLf;f Njitahd tzpf #oy;

xd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• jw;NghJ epyTk; cWjpahd kw;Wk; fhy #o;epiyf;F mtrpakw;w> xNu nraw;ghLila mur epWtdq;fis

mjp$ba gad;ghLila kw;Wk; nraw;jpwid miltjw;fhf

xd;wpizf;f vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

• fpuhk mgptpUj;jp> fkj;njhopy;> Rw;Wyhj;Jiw> ngUe;Njhl;lf; ifj;njhopy;> Muha;r;rp> fl;Lkhd kw;Wk;

Vw;Wkjp Jiwfspy; cs;s gy;NtW mur epWtdq;fspd;

nraw;ghLfis nraw;jpwdhf Kd;ndLf;f xt;tnthU

JiwiaAk; ,yf;fhff; nfhz;l xd;wpize;j nghwpKiw

mikg;nghd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• mur epWtdq;fspd; tUlhe;j mwpf;ifia jahu; nra;jiy Kiwahd xOq;Ff;F nfhz;Ltug;gLtJld;>

me;j epWtdq;fspd; nraw;ghLfis kjpg;gPL nra;tjw;fhd

Kiwahd nrad;Kiwnahd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;. mtw;Wf;F

,ilapy; muRf;F %Nyhgha uPjpahf Kf;fpakhdJ vd;W

jpiwNrupapdhy; ,dq;fz;Ls;s epWtdq;fspd; nraw;ghLfs;

njhlu;ghf fLikahd fz;fhzpg;Gf;F cs;thq;fg;gl

cj;Njrpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

• ghupa tzpf mur epWtd epu;thfj;jpw;F jpwikahd Nkyhsu;fis epakpf;Fk;NghJ re;ij epiyiikfSf;Nfw;g

rk;gsk; toq;f KbAkhd jw;NghJ eilKiwapy;

cs;s epWtd rl;lq;fis rPu;jpUj;jg;gLk;. mt;thW

,izj;jf;nfhs;Sk; Nkyhsu;fs; jkJ nghWg;Gf;fis

ruptu epiwNtw;Wfpwhu;fsh? vd;W mtjhdpj;J Njitahd

eltbf;if vLf;f kPs;ghu;it Kiwnahd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• Nghl;bj;jd;ik cila tpahghu Jiwfspy; tzpf Kaw;rpfspy;


• mur epWtdq;fSf;F murpay; jiyaPLfSf;fhd tha;g;ig ,y;yhnjhopf;f mtrpakhd rl;l Vw;ghLfs;

Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

Njrpa xw;Wikf;F toptFf;Fk; [dehaf Ml;rp • jw;Nghija ahg;G gw;wp r%fj;jpy; ghupa tpku;rdk; xd;W fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. mjd; FiwghLfis ePf;Ftjw;fhf

nfhz;L te;j 19 Mk; rPu;jpUj;jj;jhy; gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;F

gjpyhf ,y;yhj gpur;rpidia cUthfpaNj cz;ikapy;

ele;jJ. mjdhy; cyfpd; mjpfhuk; nfhz;ltu;fspd; kw;Wk;

ru;tNjr mur rhu;gw;w mikg;Gf;fspd; mgpyhirfSf;F

khwhf kf;fspd; mgpyhirfspd; mbg;gilapyhd Gjpa

ahg;nghd;iw mwpKfk; nra;a ehq;fs; eltbf;if vLg;Nghk;.

nghJ kf;fspdJk; gy;NtW murpay; kw;Wk; nghJkf;fs;

mikg;Gf;fspdJk; MNyhridfis ngw;W Gjpa ahg;G

cUthf;fj;jpw;F ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; midj;J fl;rpfisAk;

gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;Ak; tifapyhd njupTf; FO xd;iw

epakpf;f eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk; nfhz;l [dhjpgjp Kiw> Nju;jy; Kiw> khfhz rig Kiw> rl;lj;jpd; Ml;rpia epiyehl;ly;

Nghd;w midj;J JiwfSk; ahg;G cUthf;fj;jpd;NghJ

ftdj;jpy; vLf;fg;gLk;.

• xw;iwahl;rp> ngsj;j kjj;jpw;F ,Uf;Fk; Kd;Dupik> kj Rje;jpuk; cl;gl mbg;gil kdpj cupik me;j ahg;gpy;

gpujhd gz;Gfshf mikAk;.

• me;j ahg;G Kd;nkhopT rl;lkhf khWtjw;F> kf;fs; jPu;g;nghd;wpd; %yk; ePq;fs; mjw;F mDkjp toq;fpdhy;

kl;LNk vdJ ifnahg;gj;ij ehd; ,LNtd;.

• ,duPjpahd kw;Wk; kjf;FOf;fSf;F ,ilapy; Vw;gLk; mtek;gpf;iffs; ghupa Nkhjy;fshf tsu;r;rpailtij

jLg;gjw;F [dhjpgjpapd; jiyikapy; eilngWk; midj;J

kjq;fspdJk; gpujpepjpfis cs;slf;fpa Mnyhrid

rig xd;W epakpf;fg;gLk;. mJNghy; khtl;l kw;Wk;

gpuNjr nrayhsu; gpupTfspy; midj;J kj rig xd;W

cUthf;fg;gl;L kjf;FOf;fSf;F ,ilapy; ,lk;ngWk;

gpur;rpidfis fye;Jiuahb ,zf;fg;ghl;Lf;F tUtjd;

%yk; jPu;Tfis ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd nghwpKiw xd;W

cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• MAjq;fSld; ruzile;j tpLjiyg; Gypfspd; mq;fj;jtu;fs; 13>784 NgUf;F kd;dpg;gspj;J Gdu;tho;tspj;J

rKjhakag;gLj;Jtjw;F ehk; eltbf;if vLj;jhYk; Aj;j

fhyq;fspy; gy;NtWgl;l Fw;wr;rhl;LfSf;F Mshfpa

,uhZt tPuu;fs; gw;wp mt;thwhd eltbf;ifnahd;W

vLf;fg;gltpy;iy. Aj;jk; gw;wp gy;NtW Fw;wr;rhl;LfSf;F

MshfpAs;s kw;Wk; jz;lid ngw;Ws;s ,uhZt

tPuu;fs; cl;gl vy;.up.up.< mq;fj;jtu;fSk; gbg;gbahf

Gdutho;tspf;fg;gl;L Rje;jpu gpui[fshf rKjhag;gLj;j


• jPtputhj Fw;wr;rhl;by; ifJnra;ag;gl;L ePz;l fhykhf jLj;J itf;fg;gl;Ls;s midtiuAk; %d;W khj

fhyj;Jf;Fs; tof;Fj;jhf;fy; nra;J my;yJ tpLjiy

nra;a eltbf;if Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

• ,dq;fSf;F ,ilapy; re;Njfj;ij Vw;gLj;jf;$ba gpujhd fhuzpahf fhzp gpur;rpid ,dq;fhzg;gl;Ls;sJld; me;j

fhzp tsj;ij ghuk;gupakhf vkf;F fpilj;j cupikahf

kl;Lkd;wp vjpu;fhyj;jpy; %yk; ngw;Wf;nfhz;l fldhfNt

ghuf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mjdhy; fhzpfis ifahSjy;

Kiwahd jpl;lkplYld; nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhf

ghuk;gupa kw;Wk; njhy;nghUs; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;> fdpats

mikT> efukakhf;fk;> fPo; fl;Lkhd trjpfspd; mgptpUj;jp>

vjpu;fhy Njit Nghd;w tplaq;fis mbg;gilahff;

nfhz;L fhzp ifahSjy; gw;wpa jpl;lkply; xd;W Njrpa>

khfhz> khtl;l kw;Wk; gpuNjr kl;lj;jpy; eilKiwg;gLj;j

Njrpa fhzp Mizf;FO xd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• ,dq;fSf;F ,ilapy; re;Njfj;ij Vw;gLj;jf;$ba ,d;DnkhU gpujhd fhuzpahf njhlu;ghly; jpwdw;w

jd;ikahy; Vw;gl;l Gupe;Jzu;T mw;w epiyahFk;. mjdhy;

rpq;fs nkhop %yk; fy;tp fw;Fk; khztu;fSf;F jkpo;

nkhopAk;> jkpo; nkhop %yk; fy;tp fw;Fk; khztu;fSf;F

rpq;fs nkhopAk; fw;Wf;nfhLf;f mtrpakhd midj;J

trjpfSk; toq;fp mk;nkhopfis fw;gJ fl;lhakhf;fg;gLk;.

• xU rpy kf;fs; gpujpepjpfspd; kw;Wk; mtu;fspd; Mjuthsu;fspd; xOf;fkw;w elj;ij> murpay;thjp

njhlu;ghd ghupa fWg;G rpj;jpunkhd;W cq;fs; kdjpy;

Msg;gjpe;Js;sJ vd;gJ ,ufrpaky;y. mt;thW xOf;fkw;w

elj;ijnfhz;l kf;fs; gpujpepjpfSf;F tpN\l jz;lidfis

toq;Fk; tifapyhd kf;fs; gpujpepjpfs; xOf;fhw;W rl;l

%ynkhd;W ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F Kd;itf;f eltbf;if

vLf;fg;gLk;. kf;fs; gpujpepjp xUtu; me;j xOf;fhw;W

rl;l %yj;ij kPWfpd;wNghJ nghyp]py; Kiwg;ghL

nra;tjw;Fg; gjpyhf cq;fSf;F Neubahf tof;Fj;jhf;fy;

nra;tjw;F KbAkhd toptiffs; me;j rl;l %yj;jpy;

cs;slf;fg;gLk;.

• Nju;jYf;fhf ghupa epjpnahd;W nrytpLk; fyhrhuj;jhy; murpay;thjpfs; kw;Wk; Kiwrhuh tpahghupfSf;Fk;

,ilapy; Kiwaw;w njhlu;G fl;bnaOg;ggLtJld;

Kiwrhuh tpahghupfs; murpaYf;Fs; gpuNtrpf;Fk;

epiy mjpfupj;Js;sij fhzKbfpd;wJ.

mjdhy; murpay;thjpfSf;F Nju;jy; fhyq;fspy;

nrytopf;ff;$ba caupa njhifia jPu;khzpf;fTk;

mjd; mjp$ba njhifia tpl $Ljyhf ,Uf;fpd;wjh

vd;gij fz;fhzpf;fTk; Nju;jy; Mizf;FOTf;F

mjpfhukspf;fg;gLk; tifapy; rl;lk; cUthf;fg;gLk;.

ghJfhg ;ghd ehL


%d;whtJ gFjp

ghJfhg;ghd ehL

Njrpa ghJfhg;Gf;F Kd;DupikNjrpa ghJfhg;G ehl;bd; mgptpUj;jpf;F mtrpakhd fhuzpahFk;. ehl;by; mikjp kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G ,y;yhjNghJ kdpj Rje;jpuk; Nfs;tpf;Fwpahtjhy;> mJ md;whl tho;T Kjy; jdpahu; kw;Wk; mur nraw;ghLfs; tiu jhf;fk; nrYj;Jfpd;wJ. cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhsu;fis ftu Ntz;Lnkdpy;> ehl;bd; ghJfhg;G gw;wp mtu;fSf;F cWjpahd ek;gpf;if Vw;gl Ntz;Lk;. ehl;by; Njrpa ghJfhg;G tPo;r;rpailAk;NghJ ehl;bd; nghUshjhuKk; tPo;r;rpailAk; vd;gij vkJ mDgtj;jpd; %yk; mwpe;Js;Nshk;. mt;thwhdnjhU ehl;by; [dehafj;ij epiyehl;ly; vd;gJ fbdkhd tplakhFk;. mjdhy; Njrpa ghJfhg;G vkJ murhq;fj;jpd; Kjd;ikahd nghWg;ghf cs;sJ.

Vg;uy; 21 epfo;T

jPtputhjj;ij Njhy;tpailar; nra;J 10

Mz;LfSf;Fs; kPz;Lk; mNj khjpupahd

gaq;fu jPtputhjj;jpw;F ehL ,iuahf>

kpf Kf;fpa fhuzk;> ghJfhg;Gj; Jiwapy;

Vw;gl;l ghupa gpd;dilthFk;. kw;iwa

fhuzk;> jPtputhjj;jpw;F Mjutspf;Fk;

murpay; kw;Wk; r%f gpd;Gyk;

,yq;ifapy; cUthfpapUg;gjhFk;.

mjdhy; mbg;gilthjj;ij Ngh~pf;Fk;

midj;J topfisAk; kw;Wk;

nraw;ghLfisAk; Kw;whf ,y;yhnjhopf;f

mtrpakhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;s

ehk; xUNghJk; gpd;thq;fg; Nghtjpy;iy

Nghijg;nghUs; jPq;fpy;yhj ehL

Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidahdJ

nghUshjhu gpd;dilTld;

,ize;j r%f rPu;Fiytpd;

milahskhFk;. jw;fhyj;jpy;

Nghijg;nghUs; ghtid>

tpNrlkhf ghlrhiy

khztu;fSf;F kj;jpapy; $l

guTfpd;w xU njhw;W Nehahf

khwpAs;sJ. mjpy; fhzg;gLk;

gaq;fu epiy vd;dntd;why;>

gps;isfis kpf ,yFthf

ftuf;$ba tifapy; gy;NtW

tbtq;fspy; re;ijf;F

te;Js;sjhFk;. mjdhy;

Nghijg;nghUs; jPq;fpdhy;

ehl;il ghJfhg;gjw;fhf ehk;

gpd;thq;fhky; nraw;gLNthk;.

ghJfhg;Gr; Nrit : Nritf;Fg; ghJfhg;Gehl;il jPtputhjj;jpy;

,Ue;J fhg;ghw;wp ehl;bd;

xUikj;jd;ik kw;Wk;

Njrpa ghJfhg;ig

cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf

ijupakhf Nghuhba vkJ

Kg;gilapdu; cyfpy;

fhzg;gLk; xOf;f newpAila

ijupakhd ,uhZtkhFk;.

fle;j gy tUlq;fspy;

me;j ,uhZtj;jpd; kw;Wk;

mjpfhupfspd; GfOf;F

mgfPu;j;jpia Vw;gLj;Jk; gy

tplaq;fs; ele;Js;sd. ehk;

kPz;Lk; ghJfhg;G gilapdupd;>

nghyp]hupd; kw;Wk;

rptpy; ghJfhg;G gilapd;

nfsutj;ij ghJfhf;f

eltbf;if vLg;Nghk;.

rpNefG+u;t kw;Wk; ngUik nghUe;jpa ru;tNjr njhlu;Gfs;

uh[je;jpu njhlu;Gfspd; NghJ

my;yJ ru;tNjr tzpf

nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspd;

NghJ ve;nthU ehl;blKk;

mbgzpahj> ve;NeuKk;

ehl;bd; ,iwikia

ghJfhf;Fk;> ve;jnthU

ehl;LlDk; rkkhd

jd;ikAld; nfhLf;fy;

thq;fspy; Njrpa

ngUikia ghJfhf;Fk;

tifapyhd nfsutkhd

Ml;rpnahd;iw ehk; kPz;Lk;

Vw;gLj;JNthk;.


Vg;uy; 21 epfo;T

cyfk; KOtJk; gy;NtW tifapy; tpahgpj;J tUfpd;w

,];yhk; mur jPtputhjk; jw;NghJ ghupa mstpy;

,yq;ifapYk; CLWtpAs;sij> Vg;uy; 21 ,y; ele;j

gaq;fukhd jPtputhjj; jhf;Fjy; %yk; njspthfpd;wJ.

jPtputhjj;ij Njhy;tpailar;nra;J 10 Mz;LfSf;Fs;

kPz;Lk; mNj khjpupahd gaq;fu jPtputhjj;jpw;F ehL

,iuahf> kpf Kf;fpa fhuzk;> ghJfhg;Gj; Jiwapy; Vw;gl;l

ghupa gpd;dilthFk;. kw;iwa fhuzk;> jPtputhjj;jpw;F

Mjutspf;Fk; murpay; kw;Wk; r%f gpd;Gyk; ,yq;ifapy;

cUthfpapUg;gjhFk;. mjdhy; mbg;gilthjj;ij Nghrpf;Fk;

midj;J topfisAk; kw;Wk; nraw;ghLfisAk; Kw;whf

,y;yhnjhopf;f mtrpakhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;s ehk;

xUNghJk; gpd;thq;Ftjpy;iy.

• ,e;j jhf;FjYld; njhlu;Gila cz;ikahd Fw;wthspfs;> gq;fhspfs;> cjtpatu;fs; kw;Wk; nghWg;ig

jl;bf;fopj;jtu;fs; Nghd;w midtiuAk; ehl;bd; Kd;

milahsk; fhl;Ltjw;F kw;Wk; jhkjpf;fhJ jz;lid

ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f KOikahd mjpfhuKs;s RthjPd

Mizf;FO xd;iw epakpg;gJld;> me;j Mizf;FOtpd;

MNyhridfis cldbahf nraw;gLj;j eltbf;if

vLf;fg;gLk;.

• me;j jhf;Fjyhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;stu;fspy; ,yq;ifapy; rpfpr;iraspf;f Kbahjtu;fis murpd; KOikahd

mDruizapy; ntspehl;by; rpfpr;iraspf;f eltbf;if

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• epue;jukhf nraypoe;jtu;fspd; ePz;l fhy guhkupg;Gf;fhd Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

• me;j jhf;Fjypdhy; ngw;Nwhiu ,oe;j gps;isfis guhkupf;f Kd; te;jpUf;Fk; mtu;fspd; cwtpdu;fSf;F

khjhe;j nfhLg;gdT xd;iw toq;f eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• mj;jhf;Fjyhy; ,we;jtu;fSf;F kw;Wk; mtu;fspd; FLk;gj;jpdUf;F> ,Jtiu toq;fg;glhj ,og;gPLfis

,uz;L khjq;fSf;Fs; toq;f eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

Nghijg;nghUs; jPq;fpy;yhj ehL Nghijg;nghUs; ghtid nghUshjhu gpd;dilTld;

,ize;j r%f rPu;Fiytpd; milahskhFk;. jw;fhyj;jpy;

Nghijg;nghUs; ghtid> tpNrlkhf ghlrhiy khztu;fSf;F

kj;jpapy; $l guTfpd;w xU njhw;WNehahf khwpAs;sJ. mjpy;

fhzg;gLk; gaq;fu epiy vd;dntd;why;> gps;isfis kpf

,yFthf ftuf;$ba tifapy; gy;NtW tbtq;fspy; re;ijf;F

te;Js;sjhFk;. mjdhy; Nghijg;nghUs; jPq;fpdhy; ehl;il

ghJfhg;gjw;fhf ehk; gpd;thq;fhky; nraw;gLNthk;.

• JiwKfk; kw;Wk; tpkhd epiyaq;fs; Clhf Nghijg;nghUs; ,e;ehl;bw;Fs; tUtij jLg;gjw;fhf

Rq;f mjpfhupfSf;F> Nghijg;nghUis milahsk;

fhzj;Njitahd etPd njhopEl;g cgfuzq;fis

ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;.

• Nghijg;nghUs; jPq;if fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf nghyp];> ghJfhg;G gilapdu; Nghd;W kf;fs; gq;fspg;igAk; ,izj;j

tifapyhd cldb Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

• Nghijg;nghUSf;F kpf ,yFthf mbikahff;$ba gps;isfis> mjpypUe;J kPl;nlLf;fg;gjw;fhf

ghlrhiyfspy; Mrpupau;fs; kw;Wk; ngw;Nwhupd;

xd;wpizTld; $ba nghwpKiwnahd;iw nraw;gLj;jy;.

Njrpa ghJfhg;Gf;F Kd;DupikNjrpa ghJfhg;G ehl;bd; mgptpUj;jpf;F mtrpakhd

fhuzpahFk;. ehl;by; mikjp kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G ,y;yhjNghJ

kdpj Rje;jpuk; Nfs;tpf;Fwpahtjhy;> mJ md;whl tho;T

Kjy; jdpahu; kw;Wk; mur nraw;ghLfs; tiu jhf;fk;

nrYj;Jfpd;wJ. cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhsu;fis

ftu Ntz;Lnkdpy;> ehl;bd; ghJfhg;G gw;wp mtu;fSf;F

cWjpahd ek;gpf;if Vw;gl Ntz;Lk;. ehl;by; Njrpa ghJfhg;G

tPo;r;rpailAk;NghJ ehl;bd; nghUshjhuKk; tPo;r;rpailAk;

vd;gij vkJ mDgtj;jpd; %yk; mwpe;Js;Nsd;.

mt;thwhdnjhU ehl;by; [dehafj;ij epiyehl;ly; vd;gJ

fbdkhd tplakhFk;. mjdhy; Njrpa ghJfhg;G vkJ

murhq;fj;jpd; Kjd;ikahd nghWg;ghf cs;sJ.

• ,yq;if xw;iwahl;rp murhf epiyj;jpUg;gNjhL mjw;F vjpuhf nraw;gl vtUf;Fk; ,lkspf;fg;gl khl;lhJ.

• ,e;j G+kpapy; ,d uPjpapyhd> kj uPjpapyhd my;yJ NtW vt;tifapyhd jPtputhjj;jpw;Fk; ,lkspf;fg;glhjJld;>

xt;nthU FbkfDk; mr;rk; kw;Wk; mtek;gpf;if mw;w

tifapy; tho;tjw;fhd cupik KOikahf ghJfhf;fg;gLk;.

• mjw;fhf md;W ,Ue;j Njrpa ghJfhg;G Gydha;T gFjpia kWgbAk; ,aq;fr;nra;J jpwikahd mjpfhupfsplk;

kPz;Lk; ,e;jg; nghWg;G xg;gilf;fg;gLk;. Kg;gil kw;Wk;

nghyp]; trKs;s Gydha;T Nrit gpupTfs; midj;ijAk;

Njrpa ghJfhg;G njhlu;ghd nghWg;Gs;s> mjpfhuKs;s

Gydha;T gpupT gpujhdp xUtupd; fPo; nfhz;Lte;J> Fwpj;j

gpupTfSf;F ,ilapy; rpwe;j njhlu;nghd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• ntspehl;L Gydha;T NritAld; rpwe;j njhlu;ig Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;sy;> vkJ ghJfhg;G cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;F

Njitahd cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L gapw;rpfis

toq;fy; Nghd;wtw;NwhL mtu;fspd; Nrit tplaq;fis

ntw;wpfukhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf etPd

njhopEl;gj;jpd; cjtpia ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;.

• 2015 Mk; Mz;L njhlf;fk; fle;j fhyq;fspy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l gy;NtW tifahd ,d;dy;fspdhy; kd

cisr;rYf;F MshfpAs;s ,uhZt kw;Wk; nghyp];

cj;jpNahfj;ju;fspd; kdepiy kw;Wk; ngUikia kPz;Lk;

NkNyhq;fr; nra;tjw;fhfTk;> murpay; jiyaPLfs; mw;w

tifapy; jkJ flikfisj; njhlu;tjw;Fk; Njitahd>

rl;l uPjpapyhd ghJfhg;ig mtu;fSf;F Vw;gLj;jpf;

nfhLj;jy;.

• ehl;bd; ,uhZtg; ghJfhg;igg;Nghy;> muRKiwg; ghJfhg;G> ,iza(Cyber) ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; czTg; ghJfhg;igAk;

cWjpg;gLj;jtNjhL> Fw;wk;> Nghijg;nghUs;> epjpNkhrb

kw;Wk; Coypy; ,Ue;J ehl;il ghJfhf;fj; Njitahd

midj;J tplaq;fSk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• ehl;bd; xt;nthU FbkfDf;Fk;> tpNrlkhf ngz;fSf;F kw;Wk; gps;isfSf;F Rje;jpukhf tho;tjw;F mtrpakhd

ghJfhg;ig vg;NghJk; epiyehl;ly;.

• cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhsu;fSf;F mtu;fspd; tpahghuj;jpw;fhf ,yQ;rk;> fg;gk; nfhLf;fhky;>

kpul;ly;fSf;F cl;glhky; mr;rk;> mtek;gpf;if ,d;wp jkJ

nghUshjhu tplaq;fis Kd;ndLf;f Njitahd #oiy

jhkjkpd;wp Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhLf;fg;gLk;.


• Nghijg;nghUs; my;yJ mt;thwhd Nghij juf;$batw;Wf;F gps;isfis Cf;fg;gLj;Jk;> tpNrlkhf

ghlrhiyfSf;F mz;ikapy; mtw;iw tpw;gid nra;Ak;>

egu;fs; kw;Wk; rpwpa filfs;> kUe;jfq;fs; kw;Wk;

elkhLk; tpahghupfis ehshe;jk; Nrhjidf;F cl;gLj;Jk;

nray;Kiwnahd;iw eilKiwg;gLj;jy;.

• Nghijg;nghUSf;F mbikahdtu;fis KOikahf mjpy; ,Ue;J kPl;nlLf;f mtrpakhd 'Njrpa Gdu;tho;T

Ntiyj;jpl;lk;" xd;W Muk;gpf;fg;gLk;. mjd; fPo; mjpetPd

rpfpr;ir kw;Wk; jpUj;Jk; Kiwfisf;nfhz;l Njrpa Nghij

epthuz epiyaq;fs; 4 ehlshtpa uPjpapy; Muk;gpf;fg;gLk;.

ghJfhg;Gr; Nrit : Nritf;Fg; ghJfhg;Gehl;il jPtputhjj;jpy; ,Ue;J fhg;ghw;wp ehl;bd; xUikj;jd;ik

kw;Wk; Njrpa ghJfhg;ig cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ijupakhf

Nghuhba vkJ Kg;gilapdu; cyfpy; fhzg;gLk; xOf;f

newpAila ijupakhd ,uhZtkhFk;. fle;j gy tUlq;fspy;

me;j ,uhZtj;jpd; kw;Wk; mjpfhupfspd; GfOf;F mgfPu;j;jpia

Vw;gLj;Jk; gy tplaq;fs; ele;Js;sd. ehk; kPz;Lk; ghJfhg;G

gilapdupd;> nghyp]hupd; kw;Wk; rptpy; ghJfhg;G gilapd;

nfsutj;ij ghJfhf;f eltbf;if vLg;Nghk;.

• Nghypahd fhuzq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; Kiwahd Fw;wr;rhl;Lf;fs; $l ,y;yhky; murpay; gopthq;fYf;fhf

rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;Ls;s midj;J ghJfhg;G nghyp];

my;yJ rptpy; ghJfhg;G gilapdu; kw;Wk; mjpfhupfis

cldbahf tpLjiy nra;tjw;fhd eltbf;iffs; kpf

mtrukhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• Kg;gilapd;> nghyp]pd; kw;Wk; rptpy; ghJfhg;G gilapd; jw;NghJ epyTk; rk;gsk;> nfhLg;gdTfs;> gjtp

cau;Tfs; Nghd;W Xa;T+jpak; gw;wp fhzg;gLk; midj;J

gpur;rpidfisAk; jhkjkpd;wp jPu;g;gjw;fhd eltbf;if

vLf;fg;gLk;.

• Nritapy; cs;s 2009 Mk; Mz;Lf;F Kd;du; Nritapy; ,ize;j gjtpfspd; jhkjkhfpAs;s gjtp cau;Tfs;

Fwpj;j jpdj;jpw;F cupj;jhFk; tifapy; toq;Ftjw;F

Njitahd eltbf;iffs; vLf;fg;gLk;.

• Kg;gilapdupd; jq;Fkpl trjpfs; njhlu;ghf fhzg;gLk; midj;J gpur;rpidfs; gw;wpAk; mtjhdj;ij nrYj;jp

NjitahFk; midj;J trjpfisAk; ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f

eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• Xa;Tngw;Ws;stu;fs; cl;gl midj;J ,uhZt cWg;gpdu;fs; kw;Wk; mtu;fspd; FLk;gj;jpdu;fSf;F

toq;fg;gLk; kUj;Jt trjpfs; NkYk; mjpfupf;fg;gLk;.

• Kg;gilapdupdUf;F If;fpa ehLfspd; mikjpg;gilapy; ,ize;J Nritahw;Wk; tha;g;Gf;fis mjpfupf;f

eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLtNjhL> mjw;fhf ntspg;gilahd

Kiwapy; njupT nra;Ak; xOq;FKiwnahd;W tFf;fg;gLk;.

• Nritapy; cs;s kw;Wk; CdKw;w gilapdupUf;Fk; kuzpj;j ,uhZtj;jpdupd; kidtp my;yJ gps;isfisAk;

cs;slf;fpa tifapy; tPLfis mikg;gjw;Fk; kw;Wk;

nfhs;tdT nra;tjw;fhfTk; mur tq;fpfs; %yk; Gjpa

,yF fld; trjpfs; mwpKfk; nra;ag;gLk;.

• jw;NghJ epyTk; epWtd fld; Kiwia kPz;Lk; ftdj;jpw;nfhz;L jilapd;wp fld;fisg;

ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd mtrpakhd eltbf;iffs;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• Nritapy; ,Uf;fpd;w ,uhZtj;jpdUf;F cj;Njrpf;fg;gl;Ls;s gjf;fq;fs; kw;Wk; tpUJfis

cldbahf toq;fg;gLtjdhy; midj;J gjtpfSf;Fk;

cupa> jw;NghJ ePf;fg;gl;Ls;s ntspehl;L gapw;rpfis

kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd eltbf;iffs;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

jpUg;jpfukhd nghyp]; Nrit xd;wpd; epkpj;jk;

Kg;gJ tUlfhy Aj;jj;ij epiwTnra;tjpy; nghyp]hh;toq;fpa

tPukpf;f jpahfj;ij ehk; xUNghJk; Fiwthf vz;zkhl;Nlhk;.

kdpjhgpkhd nraw;ghl;L eltbf;ifapd; NghJ CdKw;w

nghyp]; gilapdupd; 1567 Ngu; kw;Wk; ehl;Lf;fhf jkJ

capu;fis jpahfk; nra;j nghyp]; gilapdupd; 2594 kw;Wk;

,d;Wk; Jd;gj;Jf;F MshfpAs;s FLk;gq;fis ,e;Neuj;jpYk;

,d;Wk; Qhgfg;gLj;JtJ kdjhu nfsutj;Jld; MFk;. ehk;

vg;NghJk; mtu;fis kwf;fNth my;yJ Fiwthff; fUjNth

khl;Nlhk;. vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ehk; cUthf;Fk; mikjpahd

r%fjij cUthf;Ftjw;fhd ghupa nghWg;G nghyp]hiuNa

rhUk;. mjdhy; vkJ vjpu;fhy murpd; fPo; Kg;gilapdUf;F

cupa tug;gpurhjq;fSf;F cupikAs;s> rl;lj;ij kpfr; rupahf

epiwNtw;Wtjw;F murpay;thjpfSf;F tiye;J nfhLf;fhj>

nfsutkhf kw;Wk; kf;fSld; rpNdfG+u;tkhd Nritnahd;iw

cUthf;Ftjw;fhf ,yq;if nghyp]; jpizf;fsj;ij kPs;

fl;likf;f Njitahd eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• nghyp]; Nritapd; jw;NghJ epyTk; midj;J rk;gs Kuz;ghLfisAk; ePf;Ftjw;fhd eltbf;iffis

Nkw;nfhs;tNjhL mtrpakhd rk;gs cau;T Kiwfis

mwpKfk; nra;jy;.

• nghyp]; Nritapy; cs;s midj;J nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; kw;Wk; ngz; nghyp];

cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;F gjtp cau;T toq;Fk; Kiwfs;

epr;rakhf rPu;jpUj;jk; nra;ag;gLk;. mjd; fPo; xU

gjtpapypUe;J kw;nwhU gjtpf;F cau;T toq;fg;gl

Ntz;ba fhy vy;iyia Fiwj;jy;> Njitahd jFjpfs;>

Nritf;fhyk; kw;Wk; Nrit jpwikfspd; mbg;gilapy;

murpay; kw;Wk; Vida jiyaPLfs; ,d;wp jw;NghJ

cs;s midj;J jilfisAk; ePf;fp jifikfis G+u;j;jp

nra;gtUf;F fhd;];lgpy; gjtpapy; ,Ue;J rpNu~;l cg

nghyp];kh mjpgu; tiu cau; gjtpfSf;F nry;yf;$ba

Kiwahd gjtp cau;T topKiwfs; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

• Nritapy; cs;s ngz; nghyp]; mjpfhup cl;gl midj;J nghyp]; mjpfhupfSf;F Njitahd jpwd; kw;Wk;

mwpitg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhf nfhj;jyhty ghJfhg;G

gy;fiyf;fofk; Nghd;w nghyp]; gy;fiyf;fofnkhd;W

jhkjkpd;wp Muk;gpf;fg;gLk;.

• nghyp]; mjpfhupfs; Kfq;nfhLf;Fk; Nrit f~;lq;fis Fiwj;J> jpwikahd nghyp]; Nritia epiyehl;Ltjw;F

mtrpakhd midj;J etPd trjpfSk; cldbahf

toq;fg;gLk;.

• nghyp]; epiya nghWg;gjpfhupfis epakpj;jy;> ,lkhw;wk; toq;fy; kw;Wk; ntspehl;L gapw;rp tha;g;G> Mfpait

murpay; el;G kw;Wk; jiyaPLfs; ,d;wp toq;fg;gLtjw;fhd

ntspg;gilj;jd;ik nfhz;l nfhs;if xd;W

cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• mjpfhupfs; Njitahd mstpy; fhzg;glhjjdhy; nghyp]; mjpfhupfSf;F 8 kzpj;jpahy Nrit fhyj;ij tpl

$Ljyhf ePz;l Neuk; flik Gupa Ntz;b cs;sjhy;

Vw;gLk; f~;lj;ij Nghf;Ftjw;fhf mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;Ls;s

%d;whtJ gFjp

ghJfhg;ghd ehL


mjpfhupfs; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfupf;f eltbf;if vLj;J

jhkjkpd;wp nghyp]; Nritapy; epyTk; gw;whf;Fiw

epug;gg;gLk;. mjd; %yk; KbAkhd midj;J

re;ju;g;gq;fspYk; 8 kzpj;jpahy Nrit Neuj;ij tpl

mjpfupf;fhj tifapy; flik Gupa mtrpakhd eltbf;if

vLf;fg;gLk;.

• nghyp]; Nritapd; midj;J gjtpfSf;Fkhd tpLjp trjpfis Fiwghbd;wp toq;Ftjw;fhd mtrpakhd

eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLtNjhL> KbAkhdtiu tPl;by; ,Ue;J

flikf;Fr; nry;y KbAkhd ,lq;fspy; Nritapy; MdhYk; rk;gsj;Jld;

toq;f toptiffs; nra;ag;gLk;.

• nghyp]; gupNrhjfu; gjtpf;F fPo; cs;s gjtpfSf;F flik Guptjw;F kw;Wk; jdpg;gl;l ghtizf;F mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l

tifapy; Nkhl;lhu; irf;fps; toq;fg;gLk;.

• nghyp]; itj;jparhiyapy; jw;NghJ epyTk; midj;J tifahd FiwghLfisAk; epiwT nra;J midj;J

trjpfSld; $ba nghyp]; itj;jparhiyahf khw;wg;gLk;.

• midj;J gjtpfspYk; jw;NghJ epyTk; eyd;Gup Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis Ma;T nra;J midtUf;Fk;

mjpf gad;juf;$ba tifapy; nghyp]; FLk;g eyd;Gup

rq;fk; kw;Wk; nghyp]; Nrit kfspu; gpupTfspy; ahg;G

rPu;jpUj;jq;fSf;F eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLtNjhL> Gjpa

fhg;GWjp Kiwnahd;Wk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• ru;tNjr Gfiog; ngw;Ws;s nghyp]; tpisahl;L kw;Wk; thj;jpaf;FOf;fspd; midj;J tifahd NjitfisAk;

ftdj;jpw;nfhz;L mtw;iw epiwT nra;tjw;fhf jhkjkpd;wp


rptpy; ghJfhg;G Nrit

• rptpy; ghJfhg;G mjpfhupfspd; Xa;T+jpak; njhlu;ghf epyTk; gpur;rpidfis cldbahf jPu;g;gjw;F toptif

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• mj;jpahtrpa Neuq;fspy; my;yhJ rptpy; ghJfhg;G mjpfhupfis jhk; trpf;Fk; gpuNjrky;yhj ,lq;fspy; Nrit

GuptJ epWj;jg;gLk;.

vkf;fhf jpahfk; nra;j ,uhZt tPuu;fshd cq;fSf;F...

kuzpj;j ,uhZt tPuu;fs; mtu;fspd; tho;;f;ifia jpahfk;

nra;jJk; kw;Wk; CdKw;wtu;fs; epue;ju mq;ftPdu;fshf

MfpapUg;gJk; jkf;fhftd;wp ,e;j ehL kw;Wk; ,q;F thOk;

rpq;fs> jkpo;> K];ypk;> kNy> Ngu;fu; Nghd;w midj;J

kf;fSf;fhfj;jhd;. mjdhy; mtu;fSf;fhd midj;J

tifahd trjpfisAk; nra;J nfhLg;gJ vkJ flikahFk;.

• 2015 Mk; Mz;Lf;F Kd;du; xU gFjpahf ftdpf;fg;gl;L te;j kuzpj;j kw;Wk; CdKw;w ,uhZt tPuu;fs;>

2015 f;Fg;gpwF ,uz;L gFjpapduhf ftdpf;fg;gl;L

nraw;gl;ljdhy; Vw;gl;Ls;s rk;gsk; kw;Wk; Xa;T+jpa

Kuz;ghLfis ePf;f eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• KOikahf CdKw;w ,uhZt tPuu;fSf;F mtu;fspd; tho;ehs; tiuAk; gpd;du; mtu;fspd; kidtpkhUf;F my;yJ

jpUkzk; Kbf;fhjtuhapd; jha;f;F my;yJ je;ijf;F

mtu;fspd; tho;ehs; tiuAk; mtu;fs; ,Wjpahfg;ngw;w

rk;gsj;jpw;F rkkhd rk;gsk; toq;fg;gLk;.

• CdKw;w tPuu;fspd; Xa;T+jpaj;jpy; ,Ue;J mbf;fb mrhjhuzkhf gzj;ij ngw;Wf;nfhs;tJ cldbahf

epWj;jg;gLk;.

• if fhy;fis ,oe;j tPuu;fSf;F jkJ nraw;if if fhy;fis ngw;Wf;nfhs;s khtl;l uPjpahf msTfis

ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f Kiwnahd;W Vw;gLj;jg;gLtNjhL

jw;Nghija murpdhy; iftplg;gl;Ls;s mgpkq;ry Nghd;w

Cdkw;w ,uhZt tPuu;fspd; cly; uPjpahd kw;Wk;

csuPjpahd rkepiyj;jd;ikia epiyngwr; nra;tjw;fhd

trjpfis toq;fpa mikg;Gf;fis kPz;Lk; ,aq;fr;nra;J

eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

rpNdfG+u;t kw;Wk; ngUik nghUe;jpa ru;tNjr njhlu;Gfs;uh[je;jpu njhlu;Gfspd;NghJ my;yJ ru;tNjr tzpf

nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspd;NghJ ve;nthU ehl;bd; Kd;Dk;

mbgdpahj> ve;NeuKk; ehl;bd; ,iwikia ghJfhf;Fk;>

ve;jnthU ehl;LlDk; rkkhd jd;ikAld; nfhLf;fy;

thq;fspy; Njrpa ngUikia ghJfhf;Fk; tifapyhd

nfsutkhd Ml;rpnahd;iw ehk; kPz;Lk; Vw;gLj;JNthk;.

• ehl;bd; nghUshjhu Kf;fpaj;Jtj;Jld; $ba vkJ epyg;gpuNjrj;ij my;yJ ,aw;if tsq;fis vg;NghJk;

Vida ehLfSf;F ifaspf;f ,lkspf;fg;gl khl;lhJ.

• ehl;bd; RahjPdj;jd;ikia fhl;bf;nfhLf;fhky;> midj;J ehLfSlDk; rkkhd el;Gld; njhlu;Gfis NgZtJ vkJ

ntspehl;L nfhs;ifahFk;.

• cyf nghUshjhuj;jpd; Nfe;jpu epiyakhf Mrpah khwptUfpd;w fhyg;nghOjpy; ehk; Mrpa ehLfSld; tzpf

kw;Wk; nghUshjhu njhlu;Gfis gyg;gLj;jNtz;bAs;sd.

• tyag;ghJfhg;G njhlu;ghf ,e;jpah cl;gl njd;dhrpa ehlfSld; rpwg;ghd Gupe;Jzu;Tld; nraw;gLtJ vkJ

,yf;fhFk;.

• mnkupf;fh> rPdh> INuhg;gpa> [g;ghd; kw;Wk; u\;ah Nghd;w nghUshjhu uPjpahf tsu;r;rpaile;Js;s G+Nfhy re;ijapy;

epyTk; ngWkjpia xUNghJk; Fiwj;J kjpg;gplyhfhJ.

• tpal;ehk;. ,e;NjhNdrpah> kNyrpah> nfhupah> gpypg;gPd; kw;Wk; rpq;fg;G+u; Nghd;w tya ehLfSld; neUq;fpa tzpf

njhlu;Gfis fl;bnaOg;g eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• fle;j 5 Mz;Lfspy; ifr;rhj;jplg;gl;l ,Ujug;G kw;Wk; gyjug;G xg;ge;jq;fis kPs;guprPyidf;F cl;gLj;JtJld;>

mtw;wpy; fhzg;gLk; ehl;Lf;F ghjfkhd epge;jidfis

ePf;Ftjw;fhf Fwpj;j ehLfSld; fye;Jiuahl

eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;. vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ehl;Lf;F ghjfkhd

ve;jnthU xg;ge;jq;fspy; ifr;rhj;jplhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhd

Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs; vk;khy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

gaDs ;s g pui[Ak ; kfpo ;r ;r pahf thOk ; FLk ;gKk ;


gaDs;s gpui[Ak; kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gKk;

r%f nghUshjhuj;jpw;F gq;fspg;Gr; nra;Ak; ngz;fs;

gps;isfis el;gpui[fshf

khw;Wk; nghWg;G jhapd;

ifapNyNa cs;sJ.

xU FLk;gj;jpd; kfpo;r;rp

jhaplNk jq;fpAs;sJ. r%fk;

tPl;bypUe;J xOf;fkhd

gps;isfis cUthf;fp

rupahd topia fhl;Lk;.

,jdhy; vkJ ePz;lfhy

Nehf;fj;ij miltjw;F

ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;G

mtrpak;. njhopy; re;ijapy;

kl;Lkd;wp jdpahH JiwapYk;

ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;G

vkJ nghUshjhuj;jpw;F

,d;wpaikahjJ.

jhapd; mutizg;gpypUe;J Mrhdpd; epoYf;F

Kd;gs;sp> kjpaNeu

fhg;gfk; my;yJ

ghyu; mgptpUj;jp

epiyak; vd;W

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk;

epWtd fl;likg;ig

fy;tp Nritapy; kpf

Kf;fpa gFjpfshf

ehk; ,dq;fz;Ls;Nshk;.

rf;jpkpf;f ,isQh;fs;

nkhj;j rdj;njhifapy; Rkhh; ehd;fpy; xU gFjpapdiu nfhz;l

,isQh;fis epiyg;Ngwhd mgptpUj;jp nray;ghl;by; ek;gf

jd;ikAld; $ba jh;f;f hPjpapyhd mbg;gilapy; ngWikf;Fhpa

gq;fhsh;fshf Neubahf njhlh;g;Gg;gLj;jg;gLk;. ,jw;fhf mth;fspd;

mgpyhi~fis Ghpe;J mtw;iw epiwNtw;Wtjw;F epiyahd kw;Wk;

Kiwahd Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fspd; fPo; jPh;Tfis toq;fp jpUg;gjpfukhd

,isQh; r%fj;ij cUthf;FtNj vkJ Nehf;fkhFk;.

ehd;fhtJ gFjp

Rfhjhuj;jpw;F Kjyplk;

khdplj;jiyik mgptpUj;jpapy; Kf;fpakhd mLj;j J}zhf miktJ

Rfhjhuj; JiwahFk;. Nehaw;w> Rfhjhuj;jpd; fhuzkhf cly;> cs> r%f

eyd; kl;Lkd;wp Md;kPf eyDk; tsu;r;rpailtjhy; kpfr;rupahd Njrpa

Rfhjhu nfhs;ifapd; mbg;gilapy; Njrpa kw;Wk; gpuNjr kl;lj;jpy;

nraw;gLfpd;w Ngz;jF Rfhjhu Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

vkf;Fs;s kpfg;ngWkjpahd tsk; kdpj tskhFk;. RfNjfpahd> gaDs;s kw;Wk; kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gk; vd;w vz;zf;fUtpd; mbg;gilapy; mike;j mwpit ikag;gLj;jpa nghUshjhuj;ij fl;bnaOg;Gtjd; %yNk kdpj tsj;ij mgptpUj;jp nra;a KbAk; vd;gij ehk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;. Kd;Ndw;wfukhd ehl;il fl;bnaOg;Gtjd; Kjd;ikahd mbj;jskhf miktJk; mJjhd;. mjdhy; kdpj ts mgptpUj;jp vkJ murpd; Kjd;ikahd nghWg;ghFk;.

Ez;zwpTs;s gpui[ :

mwptpdhy; KOikaile;j

r%fk;

ehl;bd; vjpu;fhy re;jjpapdiu

gaDs;s gpui[fshf;Ftjw;F>

mtu;fs; Gjpa mwptpdhy;

Nghrpf;fg;gl;L> mtu;fspd;

jpwikfis nkU$l;b kw;Wk;

jpwd;fis mgptpUj;jp nra;tJ

fl;lhakhFk;. ,isQu;

Atjpfs; fy;tpj; Jiwapy;

jdpikg;gLj;jg;glhJ Kd;gs;sp

fy;tp Kjy; cau; fy;tpia

G+u;j;jp nra;Ak; tiuapy; njspthd

topfhl;Ljiy cUthf;Ftjw;fhf

tpNrl mtjhdk; nrYj;jg;gLk;.

mjDs; njhopEl;g fy;tp

tha;g;Gfis tpupthf;FtJld;

fy;tp nraw;ghl;by; njhopEl;g

gad;ghl;il tpupTgLj;jTk; ehk;

vjpu;ghu;f;fpd;Nwhk;.


mwpTg+h;tkhd ,sk; guhaj;jpdh;

ehl;bd; vjph;fhy mWtil rpWth;fshk;.

ehl;bd; epiyahd ];jpujd;ik Njrj;jpd;

vjph;fhyk; vjph;fhy nfsutk; rpWth;fs;

kj;jpapNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ. cly;

MNuhf;fpakpf;f MSikAld; $ba

,yq;ifah;fis cUthf;f rpWth;fSf;F

rhpahd topfhl;ly;fs; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

mjw;fhf ehk; NjitAld; gzpahw;WNthk;.

tpNrl jpwikfs;

kw;Wk; khw;Wj;

jpwdhspfs;

tpNrl jpwikfis

nfhz;l khw;Wj;

jpwdhspfis

rkkhd

chpikfis

nfhz;lth;fshf

fUJNthk;.

mth;fSf;F

Njitg;gLtJ

rkkhd tho;f;if

tha;g;Gf;fis

tphpTg;gLj;JjhFk;.

mjw;fhd

Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs;

Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

nfsutkhd rpNu~;l gpui[fs;

KjpNahhpd; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpj;J tUk;

ehlhf> ,yq;ifapy; KjpNahh;fs; gutyhd

gpur;rpidfSf;F Kfk; nfhLj;Js;sdh;.

gps;isfspd; fy;tpf;fhf my;yJ njhopYf;fhf

ntspehL nry;tJ> Jhu ,lq;fspy; efh;

Gwq;fspy; njhopy;fspy; ngw;Nwhh;

Ciutpl;L ntspNaWtjw;F my;yJ efh;Gw

Rw;Wr;R+oypy; tho tpUk;ghik> twpa FLk;gq;fspd;

gps;isfSf;F Neha; my;yJ epue;jukhf cly;

nraypog;gJ> ngw;Nwhiu guhkhpf;f tha;g;gpy;iy>

Nghd;w tplaq;fshy; ,e;epiyik ghhpa

r%f gpur;rpidahf khwpAs;sJ. ,e;j rpNu\;;l

gpui[ $Ljyhdth;fSf;F tho;it nfhz;L

elj;Jtjw;F Xa;T+jpak; my;yJ NtW fhg;GWjpfs;

,y;iy. KjpNahiu KjpNahh; ,y;yq;fSf;F

mDg;GtJ ,d;Dk; vkJ ehl;by; r%f Vydkhf

fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jdhy; rfy rpNu\;;l gpui[fspd;

ghJfhg;G murhq;fj;jpd; nghWg;ghf fUjg;gLk;

mNjNeuk; mth;fs; midtUf;Fk; nfsutkhf

thof;$ba Rw;Wr;R+oy; Vw;gLj;jg;gLk;.

ehl;Lf;fhf gzp xU

fyhrhuk;

xU ehl;bd; nghUshjhuj;jpd;

gykhd rf;jp Njrpa

Copah; gilahFk;. xU

ehl;bd; mgptpUj;jp mjd;

gaDs;s nraw;ghLfspy;

jq;fpAs;sJ. ,jw;fhf ehk;

jahuhFk; ghhpa Kaw;rpf;F

Njitahd gapw;rp nraw;ghL

ehl;Lf;fhf mh;g;gzpf;Fk;

gzpGhpAk; fhyhrhuk; xd;W

Vw;gLj;jg;gLk;. Fiwthf

Ntiy nra;Ak; tWikapy;

thOk; Copah;fSf;F

$Ljyhf gzpGhpAk; nry;te;j

Copah;fis cUthf;FtJ

vkJ nghWg;ghFk;.

rfy FLk;gq;fSf;Fk; trjpahd

,y;ynkhd;W

midtUf;Fk; tPnlhd;wpd; Njit ,Ue;j

NghjpYk; mj;Njitia jdpahf G+Hj;jp nra;J

nfhs;s KbahJ vd;gij ehk; mwpNthk;. vkJ

Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; tPby;yhg; gpur;rpidapdhy;

ghjpf;fg;gl;l efHg;Gw Fiwe;j tUkhdk; ngWk;

kf;fspd; tPl;Lj; Njitia G+Hj;;jp nra;tJld;>

mtHfSf;F Gjpa tho;f;if Kiwia

ehk; mwpKfg;gLj;jpNdhk;. vkJ vjpHfhy

murhq;fj;jpdhy; mNj tpjkhf efHg;Gwq;fspYk;

fpuhkpa kf;fspdJk; tPby;yh gpur;rpidf;F

jPHit ngw;Wf; nfhLj;J> mtHfsJ

tho;f;ifj; juj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jk; eltbf;iffs;

Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.


kdpjts mgptpUj;jpapd; Gjpa ghijvkf;Fs;s kpfg;ngWkjpahd tsk; kdpj tskhFk;.

RfNjfpahd> gaDs;s kw;Wk; kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gk;

vd;w vz;zf;fUtpd; mbg;gilapy; mike;j mwpit

ikag;gLj;jpa nghUshjhuj;ij fl;bnaOg;GtjpNyNa

kdpj tsj;ij mgptpUj;jp nra;a KbAk; vd;gij

ehk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;. Kd;Ndw;wfukhd ehl;il

fl;bnaOg;Gtjd; Kjd;ikahd mbj;jskhf miktJk;

mJjhd;. mjdhy; kdpj ts mgptpUj;jp vkJ murpd;

Kjd;ikahd nghWg;ghFk;.

Ez;zwpTs;s gpui[ : mwptpdhy; KOikaile;j

r%fk;

ehl;bd; vjpu;fhy re;jjpapdiu gaDs;s gpui[fshf;Ftjw;F>

mtu;fs; Gjpa mwptpdhy; Nghrpf;fgl;L> mtu;fspd; jpwikfis

nkU$l;b kw;Wk; jpwd;fis mgptpUj;jp nra;tJ fl;lhakhFk;.

,isQu; AtjpfSf;F fy;tpj; Jiwapy; jdpikg;gLj;jg;glhJ

Kd;gs;sp fy;tp Kjy; cau; fy;tpia G+u;j;jp nra;Ak; tiuapy;

njspthd topfhl;Ljiy cUthf;Ftjw;fhf tpNrl mtjhdk;

nrYj;jg;gLk;. mjDs; njhopEl;g fy;tp tha;g;Gfis

tpupthf;FtJld; fy;tp nraw;ghl;by; njhopEl;g gad;ghl;il

tpupTgLj;jTk; ehk; vjpu;ghu;f;fpd;Nwhk;.

Kd;gs;sp fy;tp Kjy; gl;lg;gbg;G tiu ru;tNjr juj;Jld;

$ba cUthf;fg;gLk; cWjpahd ,yf;Fila jdp

tpla ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; (Single Curriculum) fPo; midj;J gps;isfSf;Fk; fy;tpf;fhd cupikAld; rpwg;ghd fy;tp

Kiwnahd;iw Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd mtrpakhd tpupTgLj;jg;gl;l

rPu;jpUj;jk; xd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;. mjd; Clhf midj;J

gps;isfSf;Fk; jkJ jpwikfis nkU$l;Ltjw;Fk; kw;Wk;

njhopy; re;ijf;F Vw;w fy;tp Kiwnahd;W Nehf;fp gazpf;Fk;

tha;g;G tpupTgLj;jg;gLk;.

jhapd; mutizg;gpypUe;J Mrhdpd; epoYf;F

Kd;gs;sp> kjpaNeu fhg;gfk; my;yJ ghyu; mgptpUj;jp

epiyak; vd;W mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk; epWtd fl;likg;G fy;tp

Nritapy; kpf Kf;fpa gFjpahf ehk; ,dq;fz;Ls;Nshk;. me;j

epWtdq;fs; gps;isfSf;F ghlrhiyapy; toq;fg;glNtz;ba

mwpit toq;Fk; kw;WnkhU Nghl;bj;jd;ikahd ,lkhf

Mf;fg;gLtjw;F Gwk;ghf gps;isfSf;F jahsFzk;> fUiz>

nkd;ikia ngw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$ba \Kd; fy;tp kj;jpa epiyak;|

Mf khw;wg;gLk;.

• midj;J fpuhk Nrtfu; gpupTfspYk; Fwpj;j juj;Jld; $ba xU Kd; gs;spnahd;W kw;Wk; kjpa Neu fhg;gfk; xd;Wk;

cUthf;f mur mDruiz kw;Wk; Cf;fkspf;fg;gl;L

ehl;bd; midj;J gps;isfSf;Fk; ghyu; mgptpUj;jp

cWjpnra;ag;gLk;.

• Kd;gs;sp my;yJ ghyu; mgptpUj;jp epiyak; midj;Jk; Fwpj;j ru;tNjr juj;Jld; $ba tifapy; elj;jpr;nry;y

mtrpakhd nghwpKiwnahd;W cUthf;fg;gLtNjhL mjd;

fz;fhzpg;G fy;tp mikr;rpd; fPo; nfhz;Ltug;gLk;.

• midj;J Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;fSf;Fk; cstpay; rhu;e;j mwpTld; $ba Kiwahd kw;Wk; fl;lha Mrpupau;

gapw;rpia muR %yk; toq;f eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

ghlrhiyf; fy;tpapd; Gj;njOr;rp

• ,ytrf; fy;tpnad;gJ ,e;ehl;L kf;fspd; cupik vd;gij kpf cWjpahf Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; ehk; jw;NghJ nraw;gLk;

,ytrf;fy;tpf; nfhs;ifia nkd;NkYk; ghJfhj;J

nraw;gLj;j mtrpakhd tUlhe;j epjp xJf;fPLfSf;fhf

tuT nryT jpl;lj;jpy; mjpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; toq;fg;gLk;.

• fpuhkpa ghlrhiyfs; %lg;gLtij jLf;fTk; mtw;wpd; nraw;jpwid mjpfupf;fTk; mtw;Wf;F Ntz;ba

etPd njhopEl;gk; cl;gl midj;J cl;fl;likg;G

trjpfis Fwpj;j xU juj;jpd; fPo; cUthf;fg;gLtNjhL

mg;ghlrhiyfSf;F mtrpakhd Mrpupau;fis> kw;Wk;

gpd;jq;fpa ghlrhiyfs; vd ,dq;fhzg;gl;Ls;s

ghlrhiyfspy; gzpahw;Wk; Mrpupau;fSf;F Nkyjpf

nfhLg;gdTfs; toq;fTk; eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• gpurpj;jp ngw;w ghlrhiyfis Nghy; midj;J ,aw;if kw;Wk; kdpj tsq;fspdhy; KOikg;gLj;jg;gl;l

3 ghlrhiyfs; tPjk; midj;J gpuNjr nrayf

gpupTfspYk; mikj;J mtw;iw Njrpa ghlrhiyfshf

juk; cau;j;jg;gLtNjhL mjdbg;gilapy; 353 MfTs;s

Njrpa ghlrhiy vz;zpf;ifia (1>000) Mapuk; tiu

cau;j;jg;gLk;. me;j gpuNjr nrayf gpupTfspy; mike;Js;s

Vida ghlrhiyfspy; cs;s gps;isfSf;F me;j

trjpfis gad;gLj;j cupikia ngw;Wf;nfhLf;Fk;

tifapyhd xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l (Cluster School System) Kiwnahd;iw Vw;gLj;j eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• muk;g ghlrhiy> \gps;is Neag;ghlrhiy| Mf mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gLtNjhL xd;W njhlf;fk; Ie;J tiuahd

midj;J tFg;GfSf;Fk; ,uz;L Mrpupau;fs; tPjk; epakpf;f

KbAkhd tifapy; \Mrpupau; cjtpahsu;fs;| 50>000

ghlrhiy ikag;gLj;jpa tifapy;> Kjyhk; tUlj;jpNyNa

,zj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gLtu;.

• tpNrlkhf jw;NghJ ehl;bd; khztu;fSf;F kj;jpapy; ghupa mstpyhd kd mOj;jk; Mf khwpAs;s

gy;fiyf;fofj;jpw;F khztu;fis njupT nra;Ak;

Z - Score Gs;sp Kiwf;fhf khtl;l mbg;gil

gad;gLj;jg;gl;lhYk; xU khtl;lj;jpw;F cs;s gpujhd

kw;Wk; gpurpj;jp ngw;w ghlrhiyfSf;F Vw;g gpd;jq;fpa

ghlrhiy khzth;fSf;F mjdhy; Vw;gLk; mepahaj;ij

ePf;Ftjw;fhf ghlrhiy kl;l Gjpa tpQ;QhdG+u;tkhd

Kiwnahd;iw mwpkfg;gLj;j eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• midj;J MrpupaupfSf;Fk; cupa juj;Jld; $ba Nrit epiya njhopy; gapw;rpfis ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f eltbf;if

vLf;fg;gLk;.

• Mrpupau; Nritf;F ,izj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; gl;ljhupfs; Fwpj;j cupa rk;gs epiyfspy; epakpj;J xU tUlkhtJ Mrpupau;

gpd; gapw;rp toq;f jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

• cupa mwpT> fy;tp> gapw;rp kw;Wk; mEgtk; Nghd;w jpwikAs;s Mrpupau;fSf;F mjpgu; juj;jpw;F

cs;thq;fg;gLk; tha;g;G tpupT gLj;jg;gLk;.

• mur ghlrhiyfspy; Nrit GupAk; ghl,izg;ghsu;> tFg;G ,izg;ghsu;> gFjp ,izg;G Mrpupau;fs; kl;Lkd;wp

jpwikAs;s Vida Mrpupau;fSf;F mtu;fspd; gy;NtW

jpwikfis nk&$l;l Njitahd tha;g;Gfis Vw;gLj;jp

nfhLg;gjd; %yk; fw;gpf;Fk; nraw;ghl;il kpfTk;

gaDs;sjhf khw;Wtjw;F eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

gaDs;s gpui[Ak; kfpo;r;rpahf thOk; FLk;gKk;ehd;fhtJ gFjp


• Gyikg;guprpy;> ghlrhiyf;F kl;Lkd;wp Mrpupau;fSf;Fk; mepahak; ,iof;fhj tifapy; khfhz ghlrhiyfspy;

fw;gpf;Fk; ,lkhw;wq;fis toq;f mtrpakhd cupa

khw;wq;fs; Vw;gLj;jg;gLk;.

• ghlrhiy khztu;fSf;F kw;Wk; Mrpupau;fSf;F cupa Ngz;jifikAld; $ba ghlrhiy Nghf;Ftuj;J

Nritnahd;iw mur kw;Wk; jdpahiu xd;wpizj;j

tifapyhd Kiwnahd;W cUthf;fg;gLk;.

• fy;tpj; Jiwapy; Gjpa tsu;r;rpia fl;bnaOg;g Ntz;Lnkdpy; gpujhdkhf %d;W Jiwfspy; mtjhdpg;ig

nrYj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W ehq;fs; ek;Gfpd;Nwhk;. me;j

Jiwfshtd (1) ghlj;jpl;l mgptpUj;jp (2) Mrpupau;

gapw;rp (3) ghlrhiyfspd;; fPo; fl;Lkhd trjpfs;

Nghd;witfshFk;. ,e;j Jiwfs; njhlu;ghf Gjpa

Nfhzj;jpy; ghu;f;fpd;w mur epu;thfk; xd;iw Vw;gLj;j

toptif nra;ag;gLk;.

• ghlrhiyfSf;F khztu;fis mDkjpg;gjw;fhd Nghl;bj;jd;ikia epiwT nra;tjw;fhf Njrpa

ghlrhiyfspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfupf;f khfhz

ghlrhiyfis Njrpa ghlrhiyapd; kl;lj;jpw;F juk;

cau;j;j eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;. mjw;fhf jw;NghJs;s

N`hkhfk kw;Wk; khj;jiw k`pe;j uh[gf;r tpj;jpahyak;

Nghd;w 57 ghlrhiyfSf;F Nkyjpfkhf ehl;bd; midj;J

khtl;lq;fspYk; Fiwe;jJ '%d;W nkhopfs;> epfuw;w Rg;gu;

Njrpa ghlrhiy" vd;w uPjpapy; cupikahFk; Kd;Djhuz

ghlrhiyfs; 50 I Kjy; tUlj;jpNyNa Muk;gpf;f


• ,yq;ifapd; midj;J Mrpupau;fisAk; gl;ljhupfshf;Ftjw;F vkJ tpNrl ,yf;fhFk;. mjw;fhf

Mrpupau; gapw;rp fyhrhiyfshf fhzg;gLk; gPlq;fs; 18

gy;fiyf;fof gPlq;fshf khw;wg;gLk;.

• Kjyhk; juj;jpw;F khztu;fis mDkjpg;gjw;fhd midj;J khztu;fSf;Fk; tha;g;Gfis Vw;gLj;Jk; tifapyhd

eilKiwapy; cs;s Rw;wwpf;ifia nefpo;TgLj;j


• fy;tpj; Jiwapy; Nrit GupAk; Mrpupau;fs;> mjpgu;fs;> Mrpupa MNyhrfu;fs; kw;Wk; fy;tp epu;thf Nrit

cj;jpNahfj;ju;fspd; mu;g;gzpg;ig ghuhl;LtJld; mtw;iw

kpfTk; mu;j;jKs;sjhf khw;Wtjw;F kw;Wk; mtu;fis

ghjpf;Fk; mNdf gpur;rpidfis jPu;g;gjw;Fk; ,e;j midj;J

NritfisAk; xd;W Nru;j;J xd;wpizf;fgl;l Nritahf

khw;wg;gLk;.

guPl;ir ikaf;fy;tp Kiwf;F gjpyhf khztu;

ikaf;fy;tp Kiw

,e;j mwpT E}w;whz;by; jw;NghJ eilKiwapy; cs;s

khztu;fs;> Mrpupau;fs; kw;Wk; ngw;Nwhu;fs; kPJ nghWg;ig

Rkj;jf;$ba rk;gpujhakhd fy;tp Kiwf;F ,d;Dk;

FWfpa MANs fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. mjw;F khw;wkhf cyfk;

G+uhfTk; xt;nthU ehSk; cUthfp tUk; ghupa mwpTyfpy;

khztu;fSf;F> Mrpupau;fSf;F khj;jpukpd;wp ngw;Nwhu;fSf;Fk;

kpf ,yFthf XupU epkplq;fspy; gpuNtrpf;ff; $ba>

jiyapy; Rikapy;yhj ,yFthf fy;tpia ngw;Wf;nfhs;sf;

$ba> Gj;jhf;fj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l mwptpd;

kw;Wk; Qhdj;jpd; ,ilntspf;F vkJ mLj;j guk;giuia

cupikahf;f Ntz;Lk;.

• nrhy;ypd; cz;ikahd mu;j;jj;jpd; mbg;gilapNyNa khztu; ikaf;fy;tp kw;Wk; khztu; - tpUg;g ghlrhiy

fy;tp Kiwnahd;W cUthf;FtJ vkJ murhq;fj;jpd;

,yf;fhFk;. mjw;fhf ghlrhiy khztu;fSf;F cly;

cs uPjpahd jz;lid toq;FtJ kw;Wk; gy;NtW

J\;gpuNahfq;fSf;F MshFtij jLg;gjw;fhd eltbf;if

vLf;fj; Njitahd toptif nra;ag;gLk;.

• jdpg;gl;l fhuzq;fSf;fhf khj;jpuk; Nghl;bj;jd;ikAld; nraw;gLk;> Gj;jf mwptpy; kl;Lk; jq;fpapUf;Fk; vjpu;fhy

re;jjpf;F khwhf mikjpahd kdJld;> cau;e;j ,uridj;

jd;ikAs;s kw;Wk; RfNjfpahd> Fzeyj;Jld; $ba

re;jjpia cUthf;FtNj ghlrhiy fy;tpapd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

mjw;fhf tpisahl;L kw;Wk; fiy tplaq;fisg;Nghy; E}

yfj;ij gad;gLj;jtjw;Fk; ghlrhiy fhy ml;ltizapy;

,lkspf;ff;$ba tifapy; ghlj;jpl;lk; kw;Wk;

nraw;ghLfis epr;rakhf ,yFgLj;j Ntz;Lk;.

• mt;thNw Mrpupau;fs; kPJ jw;NghJ Rkj;jg;gl;Ls;s mehtrpa Nkyjpf nraw;ghLfs; kw;Wk; Ntiyfspy; ,Ue;J

tpLgLtjw;fhd Vw;ghLfs; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;.

• KOikahd ghlrhiy fy;tp KiwAk; Njitf;Nfw;g b[ply; kag;gLj;jg;gLtNjhL mjw;F mtrpakhd gapw;rp> mwpT>

kw;Wk; fPo; fl;Lkhd trjpfis ghlrhiy khztu;fSf;F>

Mrpupau;fSf;F kw;Wk; ghlrhiyfSf;F cldbahf

toq;fg;gLk;.

• rhjhuz juk; kw;Wk; cau; juk; kw;Wk; mjw;F ,izthf ru;tNjr guPl;ir eilngWk; tanjy;iyf;Nfw;g

khw;wpaikj;J cau; gl;lj;ij ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F

nrytspf;Fk; fhyj;ij Fiwg;gjw;F mtrpakhd

kWrPuikg;Gfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

gy;fiyf;fofk; kw;Wk; cau; njhopw;fy;tp

jkJ gps;isfSf;F gl;lnkhd;iw ngw;Wf;nfhLg;gJ

midj;J ngw;Nwhu;fspdJk; Nehf;fkhf ,Ue;jhYk; jw;NghJ

cau; juk; rpj;jpaile;Js;s khztu;fspd; gy;fiyf;fof

tuj;ij ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; vz;zpf;if njhlu;ghf

xUNghJk; jpUg;jpaila KbahJ. mjdhy; ngUk;ghyhd

ngw;Nwhu;fSf;F ele;jpUg;gJ> jk;khy; Rkf;f Kbahj Rikia

Rke;Jnfhz;L> ghupa r%f nghUshjhu gpur;rpidfSf;F

Kfq;nfhLj;Jf;nfhz;L gps;isfSf;F cau; fy;tpia

ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f ntspehl;L gy;fiyf;fofq;fSf;F mDg;gp

itf;fpd;wdu;. mjdhy; gy;fiyf;fof gpuNtr mDkjp

ngw;Ws;s midtUf;Fk; gl;lnkhd;W my;yJ gl;lj;ij

ngWk; tiuf;Fk; mtrpakhd Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis Kd;ndLf;f

toptif nra;ag;gLk;. gl;ljhupfs; njhopy; Nfl;L tPjpapy;

,wq;fhj> njhopw;re;ij gl;ljhupia Nehf;fp tUfpd;w>

etPd cyf NjitfSf;Nfw;g nraw;gLk;> Fzeyq;nfhz;l

nraw;jpwd;kpf;f gl;ljhup xUtiu cUthf;FtJ cau; fy;tp

njhlu;ghd vkJ epiyg;ghlhFk;.

• jw;NghJ mur gy;fiyf;fofq;fs; kw;Wk; gy;NtW cau; fy;tp epiyaq;fSf;F ,izj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; khztu;fspd;

vz;zpf;ifia mjpfupg;gjw;F mtrpakhd gy;fiyf;fof

tpupTiuahsu;fs;> kw;Wk; fhupahya cj;jpNahfj;ju;fspd;

vz;zpf;if kw;Wk; mtrpakhd Vida fPo;fl;Lkhd

trjpfs; kpf FWfpa fhyj;jpw;Fs; ghupa KjyPl;il nra;a



• midj;J gy;fiyf;fofq;fSk; '];khu;l; fw;wy; gy;fiyf;fofq;fs;" (Smart Learning University) Mf khw;Wtjw;Fj; Njitahd midj;J njhopy;El;g trjpfSk;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.

• vjpu;tUk; jrhg;jj;jpy; 21 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; vjpu;fhyj;jpw;fhf kpf mjpfkhf Ntz;lg;gLk; njhopEl;gtpayhsu;fis

(Technocrats) cUthf;Ftjw;fhf midj;J gy;fiyf;fofq;fSf;Fk; ,ize;j tifapyhd njhopEl;g

gPlq;fis Muk;gpf;fg;gLk;. mjw;fhf nrytspf;fg;gLk; ghupa

epjp KjyPLfis ehl;bd; vjpu;fhyj;jpw;fhf Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk;

mj;jpahtrpa xJf;fPLfshf fUjg;gLk;.

• tpkhd Nritf;F mtrpakhd njhopy; jpwikfis tpupTgLj;Jtjw;fhf tpkhd Nrit gy;fiyf;fofnkhd;W

(Aviation University of Sri Lanka) cUthf;f eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;.

• jw;NghJ gy;fiyf;fof fy;tpia Kd;ndLf;Fk; khzt khztu;fSf;F mtu;fspd; tpUg;gj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;

njhopw; re;ijf;F Njitahd mwpT kw;Wk; jpwikfis

ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd jfty; njhoghpEl;gj;jpd;;

mbg;gilapy; mike;j 21 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; re;ijf;F

Njitahd etPd ghlnewpfis

Documents

Nfhl;lhga · Nfhl;lhga uh[gf;] ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;F iii vz;zpf;if> GJg;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba mizf;fl;Lfs; kw;Wk; tha;f;fhy;fs; cl;gl Gjpjhf Muk;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba