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Quantum Engineering in Frequency Domain: high dimensional entanglement manipulation in frequency domain based on integrated modulation technologies. B. Galmes*, L. Furfaro*, S. Massar**, K. Phan Huy*, L. Larger*, J. Dudley*, J.M. Merolla* * Département d'Optique, Institut FEMTO-ST, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6174, Université de Franche-Comté,16 Route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon, France. ** Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire d’information quantique, Brussels, Belgium 1

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Page 1: Quantum Engineering in Frequency Domainmembers.femto-st.fr/sites/femto-st.fr.laurent_larger/files/content/... · Once upon a time…QKD 3 Key: 1 0 0 Key :1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 Transmitted

Quantum Engineering in Frequency Domain: high dimensional entanglement manipulation in frequency domain based on integrated modulation technologies.

B. Galmes*, L. Furfaro*, S. Massar**, K. Phan Huy*, L. Larger*, J. Dudley*, J.M. Merolla** Département d'Optique, Institut FEMTO-ST, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6174, Université de Franche-Comté,16 Route de Gray, F-25030 Besançon, France.

** Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire d’information quantique, Brussels, Belgium

1

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Introduction

2

Quantum information processing have seen significant development both experimental and theoretical advances on generation manipulation and

detection of quantum states.

Motivations

Qudit manipulation in Frequency Domain using integrated modulation techniques. Standard RF and integrated optical components.

Stable, reliable, versatile architecture.

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Once upon a time…QKD

3

Key :1 0 0Key: 1 0 0

1 1 0 0 1Transmitted photons Detected photons

1 0 0 Extracted Bits

Eve

Encrypted data

Valerio Scarani et al,REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS, VOLUME 81, JULY–SEPTEMBER 2009

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Once upon a time…QKD in FD

4

ω0 + Ω

ΔФ = πΔФ = |Ф2 – Ф1|

ΔФ = 0 ΔФ = ± π/2

ω0 - Ω ω0 + Ω ω0 - Ω

ω0 ω0 ω0

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QKD in FD

5

RF and Telecom components Active Dispersion Management Frequency up-conversion 2.5 to 12.5 GHz Polarization insensitive receiver

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QKD in FD emitter

6

Laser diode

RF Circuit

QPSK

Modulator

VCO

Power supply

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QKD in FD receiver

7

RF Circuit

Phase Modulators

Digital interface

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Industrial Encryption System

8

Réseau Lumière

QKD Module

2009

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Industrial Encryption System

9

Réseau Lumière

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From QKD to Qudit manipulation

10

Free Optical FieldHamiltonian

Free RF field Hamiltonian

InteractionHamiltonian

Input state output state(a,φ)

RF

José Capmany et al, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, vol 27, No6, June 2010P. Kumar et al, IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 45, 2009.

M. Bloch et al, Opt. Lett. 32, 2007

Quantum nonlinear interaction between thelight and microwave fields in an electro-optic phase

Modulator

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Time-frequency entanglement

11

Polarization entanglement

[1] A. Aspect, P. Grangier, and G. Roger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 460 (1981); 49, 91 (1982). [2] J.D. Franson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2205 (1989). [3] J.G. Rarity and P.R. Tapster, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 2495 (1990). [4] A. Mair, A. Vaziri, G. Weihs, and A. Zeilinger, Nature 412, 313 (2001). [5] S. E. Harris, Phys. Rev. A, vol. 78, p. 021807, Aug 2008.

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The source – PPLN WG

The source emits energy-entangled photon pairs :

Spectrum

ω0 ω

Ω

using

and

=

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Quantum state manipulation

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EOPM

IN OUT

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Global system

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L. Olislager, S. Massar, J.-M. Merolla, K. Phan Huy et al., Phy. Rev. A, 82, 013804 ( 2010).

Normalized coincidence count

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Spectral brightness@5 mW105 p/s/nmBandwidth7 THz

The Quantum Box

source

1m3

15

Laser diodePump wavelength775 nmlinewidth1MHzMaximum output power5 mWWavelength drift< 50 MHz

PPLN output

Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate crystal

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The Quantum Box

The quantum states manipulation device

1m3

16

RF architectureModulation frequency12.5 GHzI&Q modulator BW250 MHzI&Q modulator Phase accuracy> 0.001 rad

ModulatorsHalf-wave voltage2.8 V Electro-optic BW25 GHzLoss1.2 dB

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The Quantum Box

Bragg Filters

1m3

17

Width @3dB = 3 GHz@30dB = 6.25 GHzCentral wavelength1550nm Frequency shiftless than 1pm/K (for external temperature variations)

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The Quantum Box

1m3

All-in-one dual-channel near infrared Time-Correlated

Single Photon Counting module

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Quantum Efficiency20%Detection rate20 MHzDead time10 μsGate duration99 nsDark counts per ns8.10-7Time jitter180 ps

Specifications

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Nor

mal

ized

coi

ncid

ence

rat

e

19

Experimental results

Experimental

Theoretical

o +o +

o

Visibility > 99%

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Conclusion and perspectives

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Conclusion

Demonstration of basic control of qudit in frequency domain

Non locality preliminary results

Standard RF and integrated optical components.

Prospects Non local dispersion management.

Second generation QKD system.

Quantum gate implementation.

Quantum teleportation