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Ck¦‡ii ¯îƒc 1

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cvV 1 : Ck¦i GK I AwØZxq

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Ck¦‡ii ¯îƒc 3

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AvZ¥v ev RxevZ¥v

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Ck¦i‡K whwb Áv‡bi ga¨ w`‡q Dcjwäi †Póv K‡i‡Qb wZwbB Ávbx| ag©cvjb I Ck¦‡ii mvwbœa¨jv‡fi Rb¨MxZvq wewfbœ c‡_i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Ck¦ijv‡fi GmKj c_‡K †hvMmvabv ejv nq Ges huviv wb‡R‡ì g‡aÄvZ¥vi Dcvmbv K‡ib Ges †hvMmvabvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ nb Zuv‡ì‡K †hvMxiƒ‡c AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| Avevi huvivfw³i ga¨ w`‡q Ck¦‡ii ¯îƒc Dcjwä K‡ib Zuviv n‡jb f³| GLb Ávbx, †hvMx I f‡³i `„wó‡Z Ck¦‡ii †h -¯îƒc eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q, ms‡ÿ‡c Zvi Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|

Ávbxi `„wó‡Z Ck¦i

huviv mKj welqevmbv cwiZ¨vM K‡i †Kej me©e¨vcx I wbivKvi eªþ‡K Dcvmbv K‡ib Ges AvZ¥v‡ZB mš‘ó_v‡Kb Zuv‡ì Ávbx ejv nq| Ávbx‡ì Kv‡Q Ck¦i eªþ whwb G-gnvwek¦ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Ávbx e¨w³iv gvby‡liRb¨, Rx‡ei Rb¨ Ges Ck¦‡ii fv‡jvevmv jv‡fi Rb¨ KvR K‡ib| Ávb A_© Rvbv, †hvM A_© hy³ nIqv| Ávbxk‡ãi A_© ùvovq †Kv‡bv welq m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi mv‡_ hy³ nIqv|

Ávb `yB cÖKviÑwe`¨v I Awe`¨v| we`¨v I Awe`¨v Avevi civ I Aciv wn‡m‡eI cwiwPZ| we`¨v‡Z eªþ m¤̂‡ÜÁvb jvf Kiv nq, AvZ¥vÁvb e„w× cvq hv †_‡K me©f~‡Z Ck¦‡ii Dcw¯’wZ Dcjwä, RvMwZK wel‡q êivM¨ D`qGes gyw³i c_ cÖk¯Í nq| Awe`¨vq RvMwZK wewfbœ wel‡q Ávbjvf nq, wKšÍy AvZ¥vÁvb jvf nq bv Ges eªþwel‡q wKQz Rvbv hvq bv| Z‡e ag©kv¯¿ Abymv‡i Ávbx ej‡Z AvZ¥v I eªþ m¤^‡Ü Ávbx e¨w³‡ì †evSv‡bv nq|

†hvMxi `„wó‡Z Ck¦i

huviv GKvMÖZv mnKv‡i g‡bi AšÍ¯’j †_‡K Ck¦‡ii AbymÜvb K‡ib, mKjKvgbv-evmbv `~i K‡i w`‡Z †Póv K‡ib Zuv‡ì‡K †hvMx ejv nq| Gu‡ìKv‡Q Ck¦i‡K jvf Kiv gyL¨ KvR |

†hvMx‡ì `„wó‡Z Ck¦i cigvZ¥v | GB cigvZ¥vB RxevZ¥viƒ‡c Rx‡ei g‡aÄe¯’vb K‡ib| ZvB †hvMxi Kv‡Q RxeI Ck¦i| gnv‡hvMx I Ávbx ¯^vgxwe‡eKvb›` G-gnvwe‡k¦i mKj wKQyB eûiƒ‡c Ck¦‡ii cÖKvk e‡j AwfwnZK‡i‡Qb Ges wZwb Ck¦i m¤ú‡K© Zuvi Agi evYx cÖPvi K‡i‡QbÑ ÔRx‡e†cÖg K‡i †hB Rb †mBRb †mwe‡Q Ck¦i|Õ A_©vr Rx‡ei †mev Ki‡jBCk¦‡ii †mev Kiv nq|

f‡³i `„wó‡Z Ck¦i

huviv msmv‡ii welq I êlwqK K‡g©i ga¨ †_‡K me©kw³gvb fMev‡bi Dcvmbv K‡ib, Zuv‡ì f³ ejv nq|f‡³iv me©Rx‡e Ck¦‡ii Aw¯ÍZ¡ Dcjwä K‡ib Ges †mfv‡eB Rxe‡mevi ga¨ w`‡q Ck¦‡ii †mev K‡i _v‡Kb|

f‡³i wbKU Ck¦i fMevb| wZwb mvKvi| wZwb imgq, Avb›`gq I ¸Ygq|

Ck¦‡ii ¯îƒc 5

KLbI KLbI fMevb f‡³i †mev K‡ib| f‡³i †evSv enb K‡ib| f³I fMev‡bi Kv‡Q wb‡R‡K mgc©YK‡ib| wb‡Ri mKj KvR‡K fMev‡bi KvR e‡j m¤úv`b K‡ib| fMev‡bi cÖwZ f‡³i g‡b wbweo I Mfxifv‡jvevmv weivR K‡i| ïay Zv-B bq, Zuvi m„wó‡KI †hb Mfxifv‡e fv‡jvevm‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ f³ Zuvi wbKUwewfbœ mgq cÖv_©bv K‡ib|

bZyb kã : mgc©Y, AvZ¥vÁvb, welqevmbv, imgq, gnv‡hvMx|

cvV 4 : cªv_©bvg~jK gš¿ I evsjv KweZv

K. cÖv_©bvg~jK gš¿

`„‡Z `„s‡n gv wgÎm¨ Pÿzmv

me©vwY f~Zvwb mgxÿšÍvg&

wgÎm¨vns Pÿzlv me©vwY f~Zvwb mgx‡ÿ|

wgÎm¨ Pÿzlv mgxÿvg‡n \

(kyK¬ hRy‡e©`, 36|18)

mijv_© : †n Ck¦i, Avgv‡ì Ggb `„p Ki †hb mKj cÖvYx Avgv‡ì eÜzi †Pv‡L †`‡L| AvwgI †hb Zv‡ì eÜzi†Pv‡L †`wL| Avgiv mK‡jB †hb ci¯úi‡K eÜzi †Pv‡L †`wL|

e¨vL¨v :

ïK¬ hRy‡e©‡ì G-g‡š¿ Ck¦‡ii Kv‡Q cªv_©bv Kiv n‡”Q, Ck¦i †hb Avgv‡ì Áv‡b, kw³‡Z Ggb `„p K‡ib, †hbmKj cÖvYx Avgv‡ì m‡½ eÜzi g‡Zv AvPiY K‡i| AvgivI †hb mK‡ji m‡½ eÜzi g‡Zv AvPiY Kwi|


KvD‡K †hb wnsmv bv Kwi| Gfv‡e Avgiv mK‡jB †hb mK‡ji m‡½ eÜzZ¡c~Y© AvPiY Kwi| Zvi d‡j Rxebn‡e kvwšÍgq| eÜz‡Z¡i ga¨ w`‡q kvwšÍc~Y© mgvR cÖwZwôZ †nvKÑG-cÖv_©bv gš¿wUi ga¨ w`‡q †mB cÖZ¨vkv e¨³Kiv n‡q‡Q|

L. cÖv_©bvg~jK evsjv KweZv

AšÍi gg weKwkZ K‡iv AšÍiZi †nÑ

wbg©j K‡iv, D¾¡j K‡iv, my›ì K‡iv †n \

RvMÖZ K‡iv , D`¨Z K‡iv, wbf©q K‡iv †n|

g½j K‡iv, wbijm wbtmskq K‡iv †n \

hy³ K‡iv †n mevi m‡½, gy³ K‡iv †n eÜ|

mÂvi K‡iv mKj K‡g© kvšÍ †Zvgvi Q›`|

PiYc‡` gg wPË, wb¯úw›`Z K‡iv †n|

bw›`Z K‡iv, bw›`Z K‡iv, bw›`Z K‡iv †n||

(MxZweZvb, iex›`ªªbv_ VvKzi)

e¨vL¨v : Ck¦‡ii Kv‡Q cweÎ, D`vi I my›ì gb Ges m‡PZbZv, mwµqZv I wbfx©KZv cÖv_©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ck¦i†hb Avgv‡ì HKë× K‡ib Ges Ck¦‡ii m„wó‡Z †hgb k„•Ljv i‡q‡Q, Avgv‡ì mKj Kv‡R †hb _v‡K †mB

k„•Ljv| Avgiv †hb wbf©q I wbtmsk‡q mKj KvR Ki‡Z cvwi Ges mK‡ji Z_v we‡k¦i mKj cÖvYxi g½jmvab

Ki‡Z cvwi| mKj evavweNœ wQbœ K‡i Avgiv mKj g½j I my›ì Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Ck¦‡ii mv‡_ wgwjZ n‡Z cvwi|

me‡k‡l Ck¦‡ii Kv‡Q cªv_©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hb Ck¦‡ii cÖwZ Avgv‡ì cÖMvp fw³ _v‡K| Ck¦i †hb Avgv‡ì

g½j K‡ib Ges Avb‡›` iv‡Lb|

UxKv

hRy‡e©` : wn›`ya‡g©i GKwU †gŠwjK Mªš’| G‡ZI FM&&‡e‡ì g‡Zv †èZv‡ì D‡Ï‡k ¯‘wZ I cÖv_©bvg~jK gš¿i‡q‡Q| hRy‡e©‡ì `ywU AskÑkyK¬ I K…ò| hRy‡e©‡ì cÖavb eY©bvi welq hÁ I hÁcÖYvjx|

†k¦Zvk¦Zi Dcwbl` : ev‡ivwU cÖavb Dcwbl‡ì g‡a¨ †k¦Zvk¦Zi Dcwbl` Ab¨Zg| G-Abyl‡` Avgiv †Kv_v †_‡KR‡b¥wQ, Kxfv‡e RxebaviY KiwQ Ges cÖj‡qi c‡i †Kv_vq _vKe GmKj wel‡q Av‡jvPbv i‡q‡Q| G-Dcwbl‡èª‡þi ¯î~cI e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GKK KvR : iex› ª̀bv_ VvKz‡ii cÖv_©bvg~jK KweZvwUi cÖfve m¤ú‡K© †jL|

bZzb kã : wbtmskq, wb¯úw›`Z, mÂvi, mwµqZv, wbfx©KZv|

Ck¦‡ii ¯îƒc 7

Abykxjbxk~b¨¯’vb c~iY Ki :

1. G wek¦m„wói cÖ_g KviY ..................|

2. b¨vqkv¯¿ Abymv‡i fv‡jv Kv‡Ri djvdj ................|

3. Ck¦i k‡ãi A_© ....................|

4. f‡³i wbKU Ck¦i .....................|

5. Ávbxi Kv‡Q ...................... jvf Kiv gyL¨ KvR|

wgjKiY : Wvb cvk †_‡K kã ev evK¨vsk wb‡q evg cv‡ki mv‡_ wgj Ki :

evg cvk Wvb cvk

1. Ck¦i hLb wbivKvi wZwb ¯̂q¤¢y

2. eªþ me©Á eª‡þiB Avb›`

3. eª‡þi †Kv‡bv m„wóKZ©v †bB me©kw³gvb mKj Rxe I e¯‘i mªóv

4. Avgv‡ì Avb›` eªþviB m„wó

ZLb wZwb eªþv

wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi ms‡ÿ‡c DËi `vI :

1. Ck¦i‡K GK I AwØZxq ejv n‡q‡Q †Kb ?

2. Avgiv Ck¦‡ii wbKU cÖv_©bv Kwi †Kb ?

3. cigvZ¥v ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ?

4. Ck¦i KLb eªþ wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ jvf K‡ib ?

wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :

1. Ck¦i‡K fMevb ejvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

2. Ck¦‡ii AvZ¥vi~‡c Ae¯’vb I ¯î~c e¨vL¨v Ki|

3. f‡³i `„wó‡Z Ck¦‡ii aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. cv‡V¨ DwjøwLZ iex› ª̀bv_ VvKz‡ii evsjv cÖv_©bvwU †jL Ges Gi A_© e¨vL¨v Ki|


eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

1. †hvMxi Kv‡Q Ck¦iÑK. eªþ L. fMevbM. cigvZ¥v N. ci‡gk¦i

2. mKj Rx‡ei g‡a¨ ˆPZb¨‡eva RvMÖZ K‡ib †K ?

K. Ck¦i L. fMevbM. eªþ N. ci‡gk¦i

wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 3 I 4 b¤̂i cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :mRj Zvi eÜz‡ì Kv‡Q e‡j‡Q †m Avi †Kv‡bv cvcKvR Ki‡e bv| †m Pvq c„w_ex‡Z †hgb Zvi Rb¥n‡qwQj wb®úvcfv‡e wVK †Zgwb evwK RxebUv cyY¨vR©b K‡iB g„ZzëiY Ki‡Z|

3. mR‡ji g‡a¨ †Kvb MÖ‡š’i Ávb KvR K‡i‡Q ?

K. hRy‡e©` L. A_e©‡e`M. †k¦Zvk¦Zi N. K‡Vvcwbl`

4. mR‡ji D³ Kv‡Ri gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ Ñ

i. cvi‡jŠwKK myL

ii. Bn‡jŠwKK myL

iii. RvMwZK myL

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?

K. i L. i I ii

M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :KweZv I mweZv `yB †evb| KweZv Ck¦i‡K Rvbvi Rb¨ cÖPzi cov‡kvbv K‡i| msmv‡ii †Kv‡bv Kv‡Ri cÖwZZvi g‡bv‡hvM †bB| Zvi wPšÍv ïay Ck¦i‡K wb‡q| Ab¨w`‡K mweZv cov‡kvbv K‡i Rxe‡b cÖwZôv jvfKi‡Z Pvq| †m wewfbœ ag©MÖš’ Aa¨q‡bi cvkvcvwk c~Rv-cve©YI K‡i, hv‡Z mevB‡K wb‡q my‡L kvwšÍ‡ZRxebhvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

1. hRy‡e©‡ì KqwU Ask ?

2. ¯^vgx we‡eKvb‡›ì Ck¦i-m¤úwK©Z evYxwU e¨vL¨v Ki|

3. mweZv †Kvb we`¨v Aa¨qb K‡i‡Q? †Zvgvi cwVZ ÔÁvbxi `„wó‡Z Ck¦iÕ-Gi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. kv¯¿ Abyhvqx mweZv‡K Ávbx ejv hvq wK? †Zvgvi cv‡Vï Av‡jv‡K hyw³ cÖ`k©b Ki|

Ck¦‡ii ¯îƒc 9

wØZxq Aa¨vq

ag©MÖš’†h-MÖ‡š’ ag© I Kj¨vYgq Rxe‡bi K_v D‡jøL _v‡K Zv‡K ag©MÖš’ e‡j| †e`, Dcwbl`, ivgvqY, gnvfviZ,cyivY, kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZv, kÖxkÖxPÊx cÖf…wZ Avgv‡ì D‡jøL‡hvM¨ ag©MÖš’| †e` Avgv‡ì Avw` I cÖavb ag©MÖš’|†e` wPišÍb I kvk¦Z| Ô†e`Õ gv‡b Ávb| cÖvPxb Fwl‡ì a¨v‡b cvIqv cweÎ Ávb| G-Ávb n‡”Q RMr-Rxeb IZvi Drm cigcyiyl, eªþ ev Ck¦i m¤ú‡K© Ávb| †e`‡K †K›`ª K‡i iwPZ ag©wfwËK wekvj mvwnZ¨‡K ejv nqêw`K mvwnZ¨| Avi gnvfvi‡Zi Askwe‡kl kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZv ms‡ÿ‡c MxZv wn‡m‡e c„_K MÖ‡š’i gh©v`v†c‡q‡Q| MxZvq Kg©‡K ÔhÁÕ ejv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b i‡q‡Q Kg©, Ávb I fw³i Ac~e© mgš^q Ges ev¯Íe Rxe‡bPjvi cÖ‡qvRbxq ˆbwZK wkÿv I Dc‡`k|

G-Aa¨v‡q êw`K mvwn‡Zï mswÿß cwiwPwZ, PZz‡e©‡ì welqe¯‘ I ag©vPi‡Y Zvi cÖfve Ges kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvqewY©Z PZze©Y©, KZ©e¨cvjb, mvg¨, PwiÎ MV‡b gvbweK ¸Yvewj Ges fw³ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

G-Aa¨vq‡k‡l Avgiv Ñ

� •� êw`K mvwn‡Zï mswÿß cwiPq w`‡Z cvie

� •� PZz‡e©‡ì welqe¯‘ eY©bv Ki‡Z I ag©vPi‡Y Zvi cÖfve we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvie

•��kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZv Abymv‡i PZye©Y©, KZ©e¨cvjb, mvg¨, PwiÎMV‡b gvbweK ¸Yvewj I fw³i aviYv e¨vL¨vKi‡Z cvie

� •� Rxeb I ag©vPi‡Y †e` I kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvi wkÿvi cÖwZdjb NUv‡Z cvie|

cvV 1 : êw`K mvwn‡Zï cwiwPwZ†e` Avgv‡ì Avw` ag©MÖš’| Ô†e`Õ gv‡b Ávb| Ávb AR©‡bi Rb¨ cÖMvp †Póv ev mvabvi cÖ‡qvRb| Ávb AR©bKi‡Z n‡j wbgMœ n‡Z nq Mfxi mvabvq| Mfxi mvabvq wbgMœ nIqv‡K ejv nq a¨vb| hvuiv mZ¨ ev Ávb Gesm„wó I mªóvi gvnvZ¥¨ `k©b ev Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb, Zvu‡ì‡K ejv n‡Zv Fwl| †e` GB Fwl‡ì a¨v‡b cvIqvcweÎ Ávb| G n‡”Q RMr I Rxeb m¤ú‡K© Ges RMr I Rxe‡bi Drm cigcyiyl, eªþ ev Ck¦i m¤ú‡K© Ávb|

Avgv‡ì Rxeb, Rxe‡bi Drm, cigcyiyl, eªþ ev Ck¦i cÖf…wZ m¤ú‡K© MÖš’mg~‡ni g‡a¨ †e` ev mswnZv, eªvþY,AviY¨K, Dcwbl` I †e`v½ Ab¨Zg| G-MÖš’mg~n wfbœ ai‡bi n‡jI ag©xq bvbv w`K †_‡K cvi¯úwiKfv‡em¤úwK©Z| Gfv‡eB †e`‡K †K› ª̀ K‡i ag©wfwËK GK wekvj mvwnZ¨ M‡o D‡V‡Q| Avi G-ag©wfwËK wekvjmvwnZ¨‡K ejv n‡q‡Q êw`K mvwnZ¨|

êw`K mvwn‡Zï Ask wn‡m‡e †h-welq¸‡jv GLv‡b D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jvi mswÿß cwiwPwZ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv:

PZz‡e©`

†e‡ì GK bvg mswnZv| mswnZv gv‡b msMÖn ev msKjb| mgMÖ †e` A_©vr G mswnZv¸‡jv‡K Pvi fv‡M wef³Kiv n‡q‡Q, h_v - 1. F‡M¦` mswnZv 2. hRy‡e©` mswnZv 3. mvg‡e` mswnZv Ges 4. A_e©‡e` mswnZv| Avi GmswnZv¸‡jv‡K GK‡Î ejv nq PZz‡e©`|

eªvþY†e‡ì `ywU Ask | gš¿ I eªvþY | †e‡ì †h-As‡k g‡š¿i e¨vL¨v Ges wewfbœ h‡Á Zv‡ì cÖ‡qvM ev eënv‡iiK_v Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q Zv‡K ÔeªvþYÕ ejv nq| eªvþY¸‡jv M‡`¨ iwPZ|

eªvþ‡Yi welqe¯‘i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wewa A_v©r we‡kl we‡kl Kg© Abyôv‡bi wb‡`©k, †e`g‡š¿i A_© cÖm‡½cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨vL¨v, we‡ivax g‡Zi mgv‡jvPbv cÖf…wZ|

ag©MÖš’ 11

AviY¨K

AviY¨K Ges Dcwbl` eªvþ‡Yi Ask| eªvþ‡Y †e‡ì Kg©KvÊ Av‡jvwPZ Avi AviY¨K Ges Dcwbl‡` ÁvbKvÊ wea„Z|

hv Ai‡Y¨ iwPZ Zv‡K AviY¨K e‡j | GLv‡b AiY¨ ej‡Z wbR©bZv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| AviY¨‡Ki welqag©`k©b| Kvi D‡Ï‡k hÁ, m„wói Drm Kx BZ¨vw` Ava¨vwZ¥K wel‡q Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| Mfxi Ávb‡K AiY¨ evMfxi e‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr Mfxi Ava¨vwZ¥K Áv‡bi welq hv‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q Zv-B AviY¨K|†hgb- HZ‡iq AviY¨K, e„n`viY¨K cÖf…wZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ AviY¨K|

Dcwbl`

AviY¨‡K †h-Aa¨vZ¥we`¨vi m~Pbv, Dcwbl‡` Zv AviI D”PZv I MfxiZv jvf K‡i‡Q| DcÑ wb+m`& + wK¡c&=Dcwbl`|

GLv‡b ÔDcÕ A_© mgx‡c ev wbK‡U, ÔwbÕ A_© wbðq, Ôm`Õ avZzi A_© Ae¯’vb, cÖvwß ev wkw_jxKiY| A_©vr ¸iyiwbK‡U e‡m †h-Ávb AR©b Kiv nq Zv‡K Dcwbl` e‡j| wKšÍy G-K_vq Dcwbl‡ì welqe¯‘ ¯úó nq bv|Rx‡ei g~jxf~Z mËv n‡”Q Zvi AvZ¥v| GB AvZ¥v cigvZ¥v ev eªª‡þiB Ask| myZivs Rxe eªþ Qvov Avi wKQzB bq|GB eªþ wbivKvi| wKšÍy Rx‡ei AvZ¥viƒ‡c Rx‡ei g‡a¨ Zvui Ae¯’vb| wZwbB mewKQzi g~‡j| GB eªþÁvbDcwbl‡ì welqe¯Íy|

kZvwaK Dcwbl` i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ 12 Lvbv Dcwbl` cÖvPxb Dcwbl` e‡j L¨vZ| evwK¸‡jv cieZ©xKv‡ji|gnvfvi‡Zi AšÍM©Z n‡qI c„_K MÖš’ wn‡m‡e gh©v`vcÖvß kªxg`&fMe`&MxZv‡K Dcwbl‡ì mvi ejv n‡q‡Q|HZ‡iq, KV, †Kb, Qv‡›`vM¨ cÖf…wZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Dcwbl`|

GKK KvR : Q‡K cÖ`Ë cÖ‡Z¨K PZz‡e©` eªvþY AviY¨K Dcwbl`cÖKvi MÖš’ m¤ú‡K© `ywU evK¨ wj‡LNi¸‡jv c~iY Ki|


†e`v½

†e` cv‡Vi mnvqK wn‡m‡e AviI K‡qK iK‡gi iPbv i‡q‡Q| †e`cv‡Vi A½ e‡j G¸‡jv‡K ejv nq †e`v½|†e`v½ †e`cv‡Vi mnvqK kv¯¿| †e`v‡½i Ávb bv _vK‡j †e` Aa¨qb m¤ú~Y© nq bv| †e`v½¸wj m~ÎvKv‡iiwPZ| †e`v½ Qq cÖKvi| h_v- wkÿv, Kí, e¨vKiY, wbiy³, Q›` I †R¨vwZl|

1. wkÿvÑ wkÿv kãwU GLv‡b mvgwMÖKfv‡e we`¨vR©b ev ÁvbvR©b A‡_© eëüZ nqwb| ÔwkÿvÕ ej‡Z†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q aŸwbZË¡, we‡kl K‡i D”PviYZË¡ wbfz©jfv‡e êw`K kã D”Pvi‡Yi c×wZ|

2. KíÑ hÁvw` hvi Øviv KwíZ I mgw_©Z nq Zv‡K Kí ejv nq| ÔKíÕ n‡”Q wbfz©jfv‡e êw`K hvMhÁI wµqvKvÊ Abyôv‡bi c×wZ|

3. e¨vKiYÑ e¨vKi‡Y fvlv‡K we‡kølY K‡i m~ÎvwqZ Kiv nq Ges k‡ãi ey¨rcwË wbY©q Kiv nq| fvlveënv‡ii mgq Zvi A_©ïw×i Rb¨ e¨vKiY cvV Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| †m-Kvi‡Y e¨vKiYI GKwU †e`v½|

4. wbiy³Ñ wbiy³ bvgK †e`v‡½ †e‡` eëüZ kãvewji DrcwË, A_© I A_©všÍ cªf…wZi Av‡jvPbv Kivn‡q‡Q|

5. Q›`Ñ lo½ †e`v‡½i Ab¨Zg A½ n‡”Q Q›`| †e‡ì †hmKj gš¿ Q›è× †m¸‡jvi A_©‡eva Gesh_vh_ Ave„wËi Rb¨ Q‡›ì Ávb Acwinvh©|

6. †R¨vwZlÑ êw`K hy‡M we‡kl we‡kl wZw_Ñbÿ‡Î we‡kl we‡kl êw`K hÁ Kivi eë¯’v wQj| h‡Ádjwmw×i Rb¨ †R¨vwZ‡li Avek¨K|

GKK KvR : †e`v‡½i QqwU A‡½i cÖ‡Z¨KwU m¤ú‡K© GKwU K‡i evK¨ †jL|

bZzb kã : PZz‡e©`, Kí, wbiy³, A_©všÍ, Q›`, lo½, †R¨vwZl, eªvþY, AviY¨K, Dcwbl`, HZ‡iq, KV, †Kb,Qv‡›`vM¨, cÖMvp, wbgMœ, mswnZv, wbiy³|

cvV 2 : PZz©‡e‡ì welqe¯‘†e` Ck¦‡ii evYx| Fwl gby e‡j‡QbÑ Ô†e`t AwLjag©g~jg&Õ A_©vr †e` n‡”Q mKj a‡g©i g~j| GLv‡b mZ¨ IÁv‡bi bvbv wel‡qi eY©bv i‡q‡Q| G-mZ¨ ev Ávb AšÍ`©„wó w`‡q Dcjwä Ki‡Z nq| †e‡` wewfbœfv‡e Ck¦i I†èZv‡ì ¯‘wZ ev cÖksmv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ck¦‡iii wewfbœ kw³‡K †èZv e‡j| AwMœ, e„wó, evqy, Elv, ivwÎ cÖf…wZcÖvK…wZK kw³i g‡a¨ Ck¦‡ii Amxg ÿgZv Dcjw× K‡i êw`K FwlMY Zvu‡ì cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb| Zvu‡ì ¯‘wZ Ie›`bv Fwl‡ì KÉ †_‡K KweZvi AvKv‡i evYxiƒc †c‡q‡Q| Mfxi a¨v‡b GB evYx ev KweZv Ck¦‡ii AcviAbyMÖ‡n a¨vbjä FwlMY Ck¦‡ii KvQ †_‡K †c‡q‡Qb| ZvB Fwliv e‡j‡Qb, Zvuiv †e` `k©b K‡i‡Qb| GRb¨†e`‡K ejv n‡q‡Q A‡cŠiy‡lq| A_©vr †e` †Kv‡bv cyiyl ev e¨w³i Øviv m„ó bq, Zv a¨v‡b `„ó|

†e‡ì m‡½ †èZv‡ì cÖm½ hy³| †e‡ì welq‡K ejv nq †èZv| wewfbœ ¯Íe ¯‘wZi gva¨‡g FwlMY †èZvigvnvZ¥¨ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| êw`Khy‡M Dcvmbvi c×wZ wQj hÁ ev †nvgwfwËK| ZLbI g~wZ© ev weMÖn cÖwZôv K‡i

ag©MÖš’ 13

Dcvmbv Kivi c×wZ cÖPwjZ nqwb| FwlMY †èZv‡ì kw³ ¯§iY K‡i g‡š¿i gva¨‡g Dcvmbv Ki‡Zb Ges AwMœcÖR¡wjZ K‡i †èZv‡K AvnŸvb Ki‡Zb|

FwlMY êw`K †èZv‡ì wZbwU †kÖwY‡Z web¨¯Í K‡i‡Qb|

h_vÑ 1. ¯^‡M©i †èZv

2. AšÍwiÿ‡jv‡Ki †èZv

3. c„w_exi ev gZ©‡jv‡Ki †èZv|

¯^‡M©i †èZv : ¯^‡M©i †èZv‡ì ÿgZvB ïay †evSv hvq| G-†kÖwYi †èZviv g‡Z© ev c„w_ex‡Z Av‡mb bv| ZuvivA‡bK `~‡i Ae¯’vb K‡ib| Ggb †èZv n‡jb weòz, m~h©, eiyY cÖf…wZ|

AšÍwiÿ‡jv‡Ki †èZv : AšÍwiÿ‡jv‡Ki †èZvMY ¯^M© I gZ©‡jv‡Ki gvSLv‡b Ae¯’vb K‡i bv| Zuviv g‡Z©Av‡mb, wKšÍy _v‡Kb bv| Giƒc †èZv n‡jb B›`ª, evqy cÖgyL|

gZ©‡jv‡Ki †èZv : g‡Z©i †èZv‡ì †`Lv hvq| Zuviv c„w_ex‡Z Ae¯’vbI K‡ib| Ggb †èZv n‡jb AwMœ|AwMœ‡K g‡Z© cvIqv hvq e‡j Zvu‡K c~Rv Kiv nq Ges Zvui gva¨‡g Ab¨ †èZv‡ì g‡Z© AvnŸvb K‡i Avbv nq|

Av¸b R¡vwj‡q †e‡ì evK¨ D”PviY K‡i †èZv‡K AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv Ges cÖv_©bv Kiv‡K ejv nq hÁ| h‡Ái mgqD”PvwiZ †e‡ì GB evK¨‡K ejv nq gš¿| G Qvov i‡q‡Q Mvb| †e‡ì ev‡K¨ myi Av‡ivc K‡i h‡Ái mgq MvbMvIqv n‡Zv| GB Mvb‡K ejv nq mvg| mvg gv‡b Mvb| Rxe‡bi Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Îi wewfbœ cÖKvi K_vI †e‡` D‡jøLAv‡Q|

`jxq KvR : ¯^M©, gZ© I AšÍwi‡ÿi †è-†èxi GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki|

cÖ_‡g †e` Awef³ AvKv‡iB wQj| cieZx©Kv‡j gnwl© K…ò‰Øcvqb †eè¨vm †e`‡K wef³ K‡ib| wZwb †e`‡KPvi fv‡M fvM K‡ib| G¸‡jv‡K mswnZv ejv nq| mswnZv gv‡b msMÖn ev msKjb| G-mswnZv¸‡jv n‡”Q Ñ

1. FM&‡e` mswnZv 2. hRy‡e©` mswnZv 3. mvg‡e` mswnZv Ges 4. A_e©‡e` mswnZv| mswnZv¸‡jviwelqe¯‘mn mswÿß cwiPq †Ìqv n‡jvÑ

FM&‡e` mswnZv

FK& k‡ãi A_© ¯‘wZ| FK&¸‡jv‡K gš¿I ejv nq| GB FK& ev gš¿¸‡jv n‡”Q wZb ev Pvi cOw³i †QvU †QvUKweZv| GKmg‡q KweZvi g‡Zv FM&‡e‡ì GB gš¿¸‡jv Ave„wË Kiv n‡Zv| mg¯Í FM&‡e‡` GiKg 10,472wU


êw`K †èZv

¯^‡M©i †èZv AšÍwi¶‡jv‡Ki

†èZv

gZ©‡jv‡Ki

†èZv

FK& ev gš¿ i‡q‡Q| K‡qKwU g‡š¿i mgš^‡q MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q GK-GKwU m~³| mg¯Í FM&‡e`‡K `kwU gÊ‡jwef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZwU gÊ‡j K‡qKwU m~³ Ges cÖwZwU m~‡³ K‡qKwU FK& i‡q‡Q| FM&‡e‡` †gvU 1,028wUm~³ i‡q‡Q| m~³¸‡jv‡Z †èZv‡ì ¯‘wZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zvu‡ì Kv‡Q myL I kvwšÍi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv Rvbv‡bvn‡q‡Q| D`vniY¯îƒc ejv hvq, B›`ª n‡”Qb e„wó I wkwk‡ii †èZv| B‡› ª̀i cÖksmv K‡i GKwU F‡K ejvn‡q‡QÑ

B›`ªs eqs gnvabB›`ªg‡f© nevg‡nhyRs e„‡Îly ewRªYg& \

(FM&‡e`-1g gÊj, 7g m~³, 5g FK&)

B›`ª Avgv‡ì mnvq| kÎæ‡ì Kv‡Q eRªavix| Avgiv A‡bK m¤ú‡ì Rb¨ wKsev Aí m¤ú‡ì RbÏ B›`ª‡KAvnŸvb Kwi|

GB g‡š¿i †èZv B› ª̀| B›`ª‡K wb‡R‡ì mnvq Ges kÎy‡ì Kv‡Q kvw¯Í`vbKvix eRª bvgK A¯¿avix e‡j ¯‘wZKiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zvui Kv‡Q abm¤ú` cÖv_©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB FK& gš¿wUi `ªóv n‡jb Fwl gayQ›`v|

mvg‡e` mswnZv

mvg k‡ãi A_© n‡”Q Mvb| hÁ Kivi mgq †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv FK& ev gš¿ myi K‡i MvIqv n‡Zv| Giƒc †hmKj gš¿Mvb K‡i MvIqv n‡Zv Zv‡K ejv n‡Zv mvg| †h-†e‡` MxZ FK& ev gš¿mg~n msKwjZ n‡q‡Q Zv‡K mvg‡e`mswnZv ejv nq| mvg‡e` †_‡K cÖvPxbKv‡ji msMxZ m¤ú‡K© Ávbjvf nq| Avgiv †h myi K‡i Mvb MvB, ZviAvw` Drm GB mvg‡e`| loR, Flf cÖf…wZ mg¯Í ¯^‡ii (miMg) DrmI mvg‡e`| cÖavbZ FM&‡e‡ìgš¿¸‡jv‡KB myi w`‡q Mv‡bi AvKv‡i iƒc`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvg‡e` mswnZvi gš¿msL¨v n‡”Q 1,810 wU; G¸‡jvig‡a¨ 75wU Qvov evwK¸‡jv FM&‡e` †_‡K MÖnY K‡i myi †Ìqv n‡q‡Q|

hRy‡e©` mswnZv

hRyt gv‡b h‡Ái gš¿| cÖvPxbKv‡ji Fwliv †e` †_‡K gš¿ D”PviY K‡i ev Ave„wË K‡i ag©vbyôvb ev hvMhÁKi‡Zb| hÁ Kivi mgq DwÏó †èZvi mywbw`©ó gš¿ cvV Kiv nq| Gfv‡e h‡Á eëüZ gš¿¸‡jv msMÖn K‡i†h-†e` msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡K hRy‡e©` mswnZv ejv nq| hÁvbyôv‡bi wbqg c×wZ hRy‡e©‡` msKwjZn‡q‡Q| hÁ‡K †K› ª̀ K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q el©cwÄ ev FZz-m¤úwK©Z aviYv| wewfbœfv‡e Ges wewfbœ mgqe¨vcx hÁKiv n‡Zv| †Kv‡bv hÁ wQj ˆ`bw›`b, †Kv‡bv hÁ wQj mßvne¨vcx, †Kv‡bv hÁ wQj cÿKvje¨vcx| Avevi †Kv‡bvhÁ el©e¨vcx, GgbwK Øv`kel©e¨vcxI AbywôZ n‡Zv| G‡KK cÖKvi h‡Ái Rb¨ G‡KK cÖKvi †ew` wbg©vY Kivn‡Zv| GB wbg©vY‡KŠkj †_‡KB R¨vwgwZ ev f~wg cwigvc we`¨vi D™¢e N‡U‡Q|

FM&‡e` I mvg‡e` c‡`¨ iwPZ| wKšÍy hRy‡e©‡` M`¨ I c`¨ Dfq ixwZB eëüZ n‡q‡Q| hRy‡e©` `ywU cÖavb kvLvqwef³| h_vÑ 1. K…ò hRy‡e©` 2. ïK¬ hRy‡e©`| K…ò hRy‡e©‡ì Aci bvg ˆZwËixq mswnZv| ïK¬ hRy‡e©‡ì Aci

ag©MÖš’ 15

bvg evRm‡bqx mswnZv| K…ò hRy‡e©‡` 7wU KvÊ I 2184wU gš¿ i‡q‡Q| Avi ïK¬ hRy‡e©‡` i‡q‡Q 40wU Aa¨vqGes 1,915wU gš¿|

A_e©‡e` mswnZv

†e‡ì PZz_© fvM n‡”Q A_e©‡e`| A_e©‡e` mswnZv Ava¨vwZ¥K I RvMwZK bvbvcÖKvi Áv‡bi msMÖn| A_e©‡e‡ìcÖvPxb bvg A_e©vw½im| A_e© ej‡Z †flRwe`¨v, kvwšÍ, cywó cÖf…wZ g½jwµqv †evSvq| Avw½im ej‡Z kÎæea

Ges ekxf~Z Kivi Dcvq, AvPvi-Abyôvb BZ¨vw` †evSvq| cÖvPxbKv‡ji wPwKrmvc×wZi Avw` cwiPvqK wnmv‡eA_e©‡e` weL¨vZ n‡q i‡q‡Q| A_e©‡e‡` bvbvcÖKvi e¨vwai cÖwZKv‡ii Dcvq¯îƒc bvbvcÖKvi e„ÿ, jZv, ¸j¥ cÖf…wZm¤ú‡K© we¯Í…Zfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avqy‡e©` bv‡g cwiwPZ wPwKrmvkv‡¯¿i Avw` Drm GB A_e©‡e`| GQvov GB †e‡` Aw¯’we`¨v I kj¨we`¨vi (mvR©vwi) D‡jøL Av‡Q|

A_e©‡e` mswnZv KzwowU KvÊ, 731wU m~³ Ges cÖvq 6,000 gš¿ wb‡q MwVZ| A_e©‡e` M`¨ I c`¨ DfqixwZ‡Z iwPZ| c`¨B †ewk| Qq fv‡Mi GK fvM M‡`¨ iwPZ|

GKK KvR : Q‡K cÖ`Ë cÖ‡Z¨K FM&‡e` mvg‡e` hRy‡e©` A_e©‡e`cÖKvi †e‡ì `ywU K‡i welqe¯‘wPwýZ Ki

bZzb kã : AšÍ`©„wó, AšÍwiÿ‡jvK, m~³, kj¨, A_e©vw½im, loR, Flf|

cvV 3 : ag©vPi‡Y PZz‡e©‡ì cÖfve†e` wn›`y‡ì Avw` ag©MÖš’| GB †e` GKwUgvÎ ag©MÖš’ bq| wecyjmsL¨K MÖ‡š’i GK wekvj fvÊvi| wn›`y a‡g©ig~jMÖš’ n‡”Q †e`| †mw`K †_‡K êw`K mvwn‡Zï ¸iyZ¡I Amxg| G Qvov cÖvPxbKv‡j fviZe‡l©i mgvR IBwZnv‡mi cwiPq †c‡Z n‡jI êw`K mvwn‡Zï Ici wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| mvwnZ¨ wn‡m‡eI êw`K mvwnZ¨¸iyZ¡c~Y©| FM&‡e‡` †èZv‡ì cÖksmv Kiv, hRy‡e©‡` h‡Ái welqe¯‘mn mgvR‡K my›ìfv‡e M‡o Zzj‡ZmnvqZv K‡i|

†e` cvV Ki‡j mªóv, wek¦cÖK…wZ I Rxeb m¤ú©‡K Ávbjvf nq| cÖ‡Z¨KwU †e‡ì we‡kl ¸iyZ¡ i‡q‡Q| FM&‡e`mswnZv cvV Ki‡j Avgiv wewfbœ êw`K †è-†èx m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvwi| AwMœ, B›`ª, Elv, ivwÎ, evqy cÖf…wZcÖvK…wZK kw³i gva¨‡g Ck¦‡ii Amxg ÿgZv Dcjwä Kiv hvq| Zuv‡ì Kg©PvÂj¨‡K Av`k© K‡i Rxeb‡K GwM‡qwb‡q hvIqv hvq|

hRy‡e©` h‡Ái g‡š¿i msMÖn| G †_‡K Rvb‡Z cvwi †mKv‡j Dcvmbvc×wZ †Kgb wQj| hRy‡e©` Abymi‡Y wewfbœmg‡q hÁvbyôv‡bi gva¨‡g el©cwÄ ev FZz m¤ú‡K© aviYv R‡b¥| wewfbœfv‡e Ges wewfbœ mgqe¨vcx hÁvbyôvb Kivn‡Zv| h‡Ái †ew` wbg©v‡Yi †KŠkj †_‡KB R¨vwgwZ ev f~wg cwigvc we`¨vi D™¢e N‡U‡Q|

mvg‡e` †_‡K †mKv‡ji Mvb I ixwZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvwi| RM‡Zi mg¯Í Mv‡bi Avavi Ges Drm mvg‡e`| AviG-Mvb A_©vr mvg‡e` Avgv‡ì gbbkxjZv‡K evwo‡q †`q| d‡j mgv‡R wek„•Ljv m„wó n‡Z cv‡i bv|


A_e©‡e` mswnZvq B› ª̀Rvj, e¨vwa wbivgq, Abve„wó †iva, †flRwe`¨v, kvwšÍ I bvbvwea ïfKg©msµvšÍ gš¿vw` I

wb‡`©kbv i‡q‡Q| Rxeb‡K my›ì, my¯’ ivLvi Dcvq wn‡m‡e †flRwe`¨v AZ¨šÍ ¸iyZ¡c~Y©| hv-B †flR Zv-B

Ag„Z| Avi hv Ag„Z Zv-B eªþ| GB A_e©‡e` n‡”Q Avqy‡e©` ev wPwKrmvweÁv‡bi g~j| GLv‡b bvbvcÖKvi

†ivMe¨vwa Ges †m¸‡jvi cÖwZKv‡ii Dcvq¯̂i~c bvbvcÖKvi jZv, ¸j¥ e„ÿvwì eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

myZivs mgMÖ †e`cv‡V cigvZ¥v, êw`K †è‡èx, hÁ, m½xZ, wPwKrmvmn bvbv wel‡qi Ávb jvf K‡i Rxeb‡K

my›ì, my¯’ I cwicvwU K‡i †Zvjv hvq| Avi GRb¨B G-MÖš’ Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki cvV Kiv Aek¨KZ©e¨|

GKK KvR : †e‡ì wk¶v Zzwg Kxfv‡e RxebvPi‡Y cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e|

bZzb kã : Kg©PvÂj¨, el©cwÄ, ¯î~c, ¸j¥|

cvV 4 : kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvi welqe¯‘

gnvfvi‡Zi fx®§c‡e©i AšÍM©Z 25 †_‡K 42 GB AvVv‡ivwU Aa¨vq GK‡Î kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZv ms‡ÿ‡c MxZv bv‡gcwiwPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q| GLv‡b me©‡gvU mvZkZ †køvK Av‡Q| GRb¨ Gi Avi GK bvg mßkZx| Kziæ‡ÿÎ hy‡×imgq fMevb kÖxK…ò AR©yb‡K †hme K_v e‡j‡Qb ZviB bvg kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZv,ms‡ÿ‡c MxZv|a„Zivóª I cvÊyÑ`yB fvB| a„Zivóª eo, cvÊz †QvU|Kziyes‡ki bvg Abymv‡i a„Ziv‡óªi mšÍvb‡ì ejv nq†KŠie| wKšÍy GKB esk n‡qI cvÊzi bvg Abymv‡i ZuvimšÍvb‡ì ejv nq cvÊe| ivR¨ wb‡q GB Kziy-cvÊ‡eig‡a¨ hy× †e‡a hvq| ¯^qs kÖxK…ò ARy©‡bi i‡_i mviw_n‡qwQ‡jb| i_ hLb `yc‡ÿi ˆmb¨‡ì gvSLv‡b ivLvn‡jv ZLb ARy©b ¯^cÿ Ges wec‡ÿi wbKU AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡ì †`‡L gyl‡o co‡jb| AwZ wbKU AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡ì m‡½ hy× Ki‡Z Awb”Qv cÖKvk Ki‡jb|ZLb fMevb kÖxK…ò Zuv‡K Kg©, Ávb I fw³ cÖf…wZm¤ú‡©K wewfbœ Dc‡`k †`b| †mB Dc‡`kevYxBkÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvq ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Dcjÿ AR©ybn‡jI MxZvq fMevb †h- Dc‡`k w`‡q‡Qb, Zv mKj Kv‡ji mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ cª‡hvR¨| MxZv mKj Dcwbl‡ìmvie¯‘ Aej¤^‡b iwPZÑ Ávb, Kg© I fw³‡hv‡Mi GK Ac~e© mgš^q| †Kej ag©MÖš’iƒ‡cB bq, `vk©wbKKve¨MÖš’iƒ‡cI MxZv c„w_exi Ab¨Zg †kÖô MÖš’| MxZv wbZ¨ cvV¨ MÖš’|

GKK KvR : kªxg`&fMe`&MxZvi welqe¯‘ †jL|

ag©MÖš’ 17

bZzb kã : †KŠie, cvÊy|

cvV 5 : kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvq PZye©Y©, KZ©e¨cvjb, mvg¨ I fw³

PZye©Y©

fMevb gvbyl‡K mgvbfv‡e m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Zvi ciI ¸Y I Kg©vbyhvqx Zuvi m„wó‡Z mgv‡R PviwU eY© wefvMi‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡”QÑ eªvþY, ÿwÎq, êk¨ I k~`ª| eªþÁv‡b eyw×gËvm¤úbœ e¨w³ n‡”Qb eªvþY, whwb mË¡t ¸Y ØvivcÖfvweZ| kvmK wKsev hy×Kvix m¤úª`vqfz³ e¨w³ n‡”Qb ÿwÎq, wZwb iRt ¸Y Øviv cÖfvweZ| eëmvqxm¤úª`vqfz³ e¨w³ n‡”Qb êk¨, whwb iRt I Zgt ¸Y Øviv cÖfvweZ| kÖgRxex m¤úª`vqfz³ e¨w³ n‡”Qb k~`ª, wZwbZgt ¸Y Øviv cÖfvweZ| GB †h eY©wefvRb, GwU wKšÍy Rb¥‡f‡` bq, Kg©‡f‡`| †h †hiKg KvR K‡i _v‡K ZvieY©wU †m Abymv‡i nq| G-cÖm‡½ kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvq fMevb kÖxK…ò e‡j‡QbÑ PvZze©Y©¨s gqv m„ós ¸YKg©wefvMkt,A_©vr cÖK…wZi ¸Y I K‡g©i wefvM Abymv‡i AvwgB PviwU eY© m„wó K‡iwQ| eªvþ‡Yi mšÍvb n‡jB †h GKRb eªvþYn‡e GgbwU bq| mË¡¸Y cÖfvweZ †Kv‡bv k~‡`ªi mšÍvbI eªvþY n‡Z cv‡ib| Avevi †Kv‡bv eªvþ‡Yi mšÍvb Zgt ¸‡YcÖfvweZ n‡j †m k~`ª e‡j MY¨ n‡e| myZivs ejv hvq, RvwZ ev eY©‡f` eskMZ bq, ¸Y I Kg©wfwËK|

KZ©e¨cvjbhv wKQz Kiv nq Zv-B Kg©| Avi †hmKj Kg© Kiv Avek¨K Zv-B KZ©e¨| kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvq KZ©e¨cvjb‡KBcÖvavb¨ †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| Avi G-KZ©e¨cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e wb®‹vgfv‡e A_©vr †Kv‡bvcÖKvi d‡ji Avkv bv K‡iKZ©e¨cvjb Kiv|

G-cÖm‡½ fMevb kÖxK…ò e‡j‡QbÑ

ÔK‡g© Ze AwaKvi Kg©d‡j bq,dj Avkv Z¨vM Ki, Kg© †hb iq|ÕÑ MxZv, 2/47

ZvB kÖxK…ò AR©yb‡K e‡j‡Qb, ÔKg© A_©vr KZ©e¨cvjbB ag©| Zzwg ÿwÎq, hy‡×i gv‡V hy× KivB †Zvgvi ag©|Avmw³nxbfv‡e hy× Ki, GKwU mydj cv‡e| Zzwg hy× bv Ki‡j †Zvgvi ag© bó n‡e| †Kbbv ¯^ ¯^ êwkóÄbymv‡i Kg© m¤úv`b KivB ag©|Õ

myZivs Avgiv †h †hB Ae¯’v‡b AvwQ, †mKvR¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e m¤úv`b KivB Avgv‡ì cÖK…Z ag©| †hgbÑÔQvÎvbvs Aa¨qbs ZctÕ QvÎ‡ì GKgvÎ KZ©e¨ Aa¨qb Kiv|

mvg¨mvg¨ ev mgZ¡ gv‡b mgvb| mKj‡K mgvb †`Lvi bvg mvg¨‡PZbv| mKj Rx‡ei g‡a¨ Ck¦i mgvbfv‡eweivRgvb| myZivs mKj Rxe‡K GB †h mgZvi `„wó‡Z †`Lv Ges mgZvc~Y© AvPiY Kiv GiB bvg mvg¨‡eva|kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvq ejv n‡q‡Q, me©wel‡q mK‡ji cÖwZ huvi AvPiY mgZvc~Y©, wZwbB †kÖô (6/9)|kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvq AviI ejv n‡q‡Q, mg`kx© me©f~‡Z AvZ¥v‡K †`‡Lb Ges AvZ¥vq me©f~Z‡K †`‡Lb (6/29)|Gi A_© n‡jv, whwb mg`kx© wZwb mKj Rxe‡K wb‡Ri g‡Zv g‡b K‡ib Ges wb‡R‡K mK‡ji m‡½ wgwj‡q†`‡Lb| myZivs AvgivI mKj‡K mg`„wó‡Z †`Le| kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZv †_‡K Avgiv mvg¨ m¤ú‡K© G- wkÿv cvB|

fMev‡bi cÖwZ Mfxi kÖ×v ev fv‡jvevmv‡K fw³ ejv nq| f³ fMev‡bi Kv‡Q wb‡R‡K mgc©Y K‡i Zuvi m‡½wbweo m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡ib| ZvB ejv nq fw³ n‡”Q f³ I fMev‡bi g‡a¨ wgjb †mZz|


kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvq ejv n‡q‡Q f³ Kvgbv-evmbv gy³ n‡eb| Zuvi mg¯Í K‡g©i dj Ck¦‡ii D‡Ï‡k wb‡e`bKi‡eb| whwb Gfv‡e fMev‡b AvZ¥wb‡e`b K‡ib, Zuvi AšÍ‡i fw³ R‡b¥ Ges fw³‡ZB gyw³|

GKK KvR : Kg©, mvg¨ I fw³ m¤ú‡K© kªxg`&fMe`&MxZvi wk¶vi cÖfve m¤ú‡K© †jL|

bZzb kã : mË¡t, iRt, Zgt, ÿwÎq, êk¨, k~`ª, Avmw³, Zct, mvg¨, mg`k©b|

cvV 6 : RxebvPi‡Y kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvi wkÿv

MxZv Avgv‡ì Ab¨v‡qi weiy‡× ùvovevi †cÖiYv †`q| KviY m¦qs fMevbB hy‡Mhy‡M `y‡ói `gb, wk‡ói cvjbGes ag©iÿvi Rb¨ c„w_ex‡Z AeZvii~‡c †b‡g Av‡mb|

wZwb e‡j‡QbÑ

h`v h`v wn ag©m¨ Møvwbf©ewZ fviZ|Afz¨Ìvbgag©m¨ Z`vZ¥vbs m„Rg¨ng&\cwiÎvYvq mvaybvs webvkvq P `y¯‹…Zvg&|ag©ms¯’vcbv_©vq m¤¢evwg hy‡M hy‡M\ MxZvÑ 4/7-8

A_©vr hLbB a‡g©i AatcZb Ges Aa‡g©i D™¢e nq, ZLbB mvay‡ì cwiÎvY, `yó‡jvK‡ì webvk Ges ag©ms¯’vcb Kivi Rb¨ Avwg c„w_ex‡Z AeZxY© nB|

AvZ¥vi aŸsm †bB| Ñ MxZvi GB wkÿv Avgv‡ì g„Zz¨‡K fq bv K‡i fv‡jv Kv‡R GwM‡q hvIqvi mvnm †hvMvq|

MxZvq ejv n‡q‡QÑ 1. kÖ×vevb I mshgxB Ávbjv‡f mg_© nq 2. Abvm³ Kg©‡hvMx †gvÿ jvf K‡ib 3.Ávbxf³B Zuv‡K ü`‡q Abyfe K‡ib Ges 4. GB wekvj we‡k¦ hv wKQz Av‡Q meB Ck¦‡ii g‡a¨ we`¨gvb|

MxZvi GB K_v †_‡K Avgiv kÖ×v I mshg mvabvi w`‡K g‡bvwb‡ek Kwi| RvMwZK wel‡qi cÖwZ wb‡g©vn nIqvi†cÖiYv cvB| ag© Abykxj‡bi Kv‡R cÖe„Ë nB A_©vr A_©nxb MZvbyMwZK c_ cwinvi K‡i Z‡Ë¡i gg©v_© †evSvi †PóvKwi| mewKQ z fMevb kÖxK„‡òi AšÍ©MZ mKj †fèyw× `~i K‡i w`‡q Avgiv Ab¨‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z †Póv Kwi| †h†hfv‡e ev †h-c‡_ Ck¦i‡K WvK‡Z Pvq, Ck¦i †mfv‡eB Zvi Wv‡K mvov †`b| GLv‡bB †e‡R I‡V ag©mgš̂̂‡qi myi|

MxZvq Áv‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Ávb, Kg© I fw³i mgš^q Kiv n‡q‡Q| Áv‡bi Av‡jv‡K gb‡K Av‡jvwKZKi‡Z n‡e| Zvi Rb¨ Kg© Ki‡Z n‡e| G-Kg© n‡e wb®‹vg| Avi mg¯Í wb®‹vg K‡g©i dj fMev‡b mgc©YKi‡Z n‡e| G‡KB e‡j fw³| G-wZ‡bi mgš^‡q Rxebc‡_ Pj‡Z n‡e| myZivs MxZvq ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Kxfv‡ePj‡Z n‡e †mB c_I †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| mvgwMÖK wePv‡i Avgv‡ì RxebvPi‡Y Ab¨Zg ag©MÖš’ wn‡m‡ekÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvi ¸iyZ¡ Acwimxg|

GKK KvR : kªxg`&fMe`&MxZvi wk¶v Dcjwä K‡i cuvPwU evK¨ †jL|

bZzb kã : Afz¨Ìvb, kÖ×vevb, mshgx, Abvm³, Kg©‡hvMx, †gvÿ |

ag©MÖš’ 19


1. †e` Fwl‡ì .................. cvIqv cweÎ Ávb|

2. mKj Dcwbl‡ì mvi ...........................|

3. msMx‡Zi Ab¨Zg Avw` Drm ....................|

4. gZ©‡jv‡Ki †èZv n‡jb ..................|

5. hÁvbyôv‡bi wbqg c×wZ .................. msKwjZ|

6. A_e©‡e‡ì cÖvPxb bvg ......................|

Wvb cvk †_‡K kã ev evK¨vsk wb‡q evg cv‡ki mv‡_ wgj Ki :

evg cvk Wvb cvk

1. †e`‡K †K› ª̀ K‡i ag©wfwËK PZz‡e©`

2. †e`v‡½i Ávb bv _vK‡j f~wg cwigvc we`¨vi D™¢e N‡U‡Q

3. mswnZv¸‡jv‡K GK‡Î ejv nq ¸Y I Kg©MZ

4. h‡Ái †ew` wbg©vY‡KŠkj †_‡KB msKjb

5. RvwZ ev eY©‡f` eskMZ b‡n †e` Aa¨qb m¤ú~Y© nq bv

GK wekvj mvwnZ¨ M‡o D‡V‡Q


1. êw`K mvwnZ¨ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ?

2. †e‡ì GKwU ¸iyZ¡c~Y© Ask wn‡m‡e eªvþ‡Yi welqe¯‘ e¨vL¨v Ki|

3. msMxZPP©vq mvg‡e` mswnZvi f~wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. hRy‡e©` †_‡K Kxfv‡e el©cwÄ I f~wg cwigvc m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq ?

5. PZze©Y© m¤ú‡K© kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvi wkÿv D`vniYmn e¨vL¨v Ki|


1. Ô†e` Aa¨q‡b †e`v‡½i ¸iyZ¡ AcwimxgÕÑDw³wU we‡kølY Ki|

2. FM&‡e` mswnZvi welqe¯‘ D`vniYmn e¨vL¨v Ki|

3. ÔAvgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki PZz‡e©` cvV Kiv Avek¨KÕ Ñ Dw³wU g~j¨vqb Ki|

4. ÔÁvb, Kg© I fw³‡hv‡Mi GK Ac~e© mgš^q n‡”Q kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvÕ Ñ we‡kølY Ki|


5. mvg¨ I fw³ m¤ú‡K© kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvi wkÿv D`vniYmn e¨vL¨v Ki|

6. Avgv‡ì RxebvPi‡Y kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvi ¸iyZ¡ I Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki|


1. mswnZv gv‡b ÑK. Mvb L. hÁM. msMÖn N. mgx‡c

2. †e`v‡½i Ab¨Zg A½ †KvbwU ?K. Kí L. Q›`M. wkÿv N. wbiy³

3. B› ª̀, evqy cªgyL †èZviv c„w_ex‡Z Ñ

i. Av‡mb bv

ii. Ae¯’vb K‡ib

iii. Av‡mb wKšÍy _v‡Kb bv


K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i I iii

wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 4 I 5 b¤̂i cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :

mxgv `xN©w`b hver ev‡Zi e¨_vq fzMwQj| A‡bK wPwKrmvi ciI Dckg n‡”Q bv weavq †m RMZcyi MÖv‡giAvqy‡e©`xq wPwKrmK wR‡Zbeveyi kiYvcbœ nq Ges Zuvi eë¯’vcbvq Qq gvm wPwKrmvi ci mxgv m¤ú~Y© my¯’ n‡qI‡V|

wR‡Zbeveyi wPwKrmvc×wZ †Kvb †e‡ì AšÍM©Z ?

K. FM&‡e` L. mvg‡e`

M. hRy‡e©` N. A_e©‡e`

ag© I RxebvPi‡Y D³ †e‡ì f~wgKv n‡”Q Ñ

i. Abve„wó †iva

ii. e¨vwa wbivgq

iii. kvwšÍ I ïfK‡g©i gš¿vwì wb‡`©kbv

ag©MÖš’ 21


K. i I ii L. i I iii


m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

cywjbevey AZ¨šÍ bxwZevb I avwg©K gvbyl| wZwb wkÿKZv †ckvq wb‡qvwRZ †_‡K †Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì h_vh_fv‡ejvjbcvjb Ki‡Qb| Z‡e †Q‡j‡g‡qiv cÖwZwôZ n‡q Zuv‡K my‡L ivL‡e Giƒc cÖZ¨vkv Zuvi †bB| wZwbAbyfe K‡ib G-msmv‡i wbt¯̂v_©fv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb KivB cÖK…Z ag©| we`¨vj‡qi wkÿv_x©‡ìI wZwb wb‡RimšÍv‡bi g‡ZvB M‡o Zzj‡Z mnvqZv K‡ib| wkÿv_x©ivI Zuv‡K wcZ…Zzj¨ Mfxi kÖ×v K‡i|

K. Mfxi mvabvq wbgMœ nIqv‡K Kx e‡j ?

L. †e`‡K †Kb A‡cŠiy‡lq ejv n‡q‡Q ? e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. cywjbeveyi PvwiwÎK êwk‡ó¨ kÖxg`&&fMe`&&MxZvi †Kvb wkÿvi cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q Zv †Zvgvi cwVZ wel‡qiAv‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. Zzwg wK g‡b Ki cywjbeveyi c‡ÿ †gvÿjvf m¤¢e ? †Zvgvi DË‡ii mc‡ÿ hyw³ `vI|


Z„Zxq Aa¨vq

wn›`ya‡g©i ¯̂iƒc I wek¦vm

ms¯‹„Z a„-avZzi m‡½ gb& cÖZ¨q hy³ K‡i ag© kãwU MwVZ n‡q‡Q| Gi A_© hv aviYkw³m¤úbœ, †mwUB ag©|wnsmv bv Kiv, Pzwi bv Kiv, mZ¨wbô nIqv, †`ng‡b cweÎ _vKv Ges mshgx nIqvÑ G-cvuPwU ¸Y wb‡q wn›`ya‡g©imvaviY jÿY| Avevi ag©-Aag© wbY©‡q cweÎ †e`, ¯§„wZkv¯¿, mØ¨w³‡ì AvPvi-AvPiY Ges we‡e‡Ki wb‡`©k GBPviwU n‡”Q wn›`ya‡g©i we‡kl jÿY| eû hy‡Mi eû mva‡Ki mvabvi dmj wb‡q G-ag© µgk weKwkZ n‡”Q|wn›`yag© eûKv‡ji ag©| Pjvi c‡_ gv‡S gv‡S bZzb ag©xq wPšÍv G‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| G-a‡g©i wewaweavb AbykxjbK‡i Rxeb‡K my›ì I kvwšÍgq Kiv hvq|

mgvRRxe‡b Kg© ev RxweKv Abymv‡i eªvþY, ÿwÎq, êk¨ I k~`ªÑG-PZze©‡Y©i m„wó nq| G-eY©‡f` wQj †ckvMZ,Rb¥MZ bq| gvby‡li c~Y©v½ RxebKvj aiv nq kZel©| mg¯Í mgqwU‡K Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv nqÑ eªþPh©,Mvn©¯’¨, evbcÖ¯’, mbœ¨vm| G‡K ejv nq PZzivkªg|

wn›`ya‡g© hyMwefvM i‡q‡QÑ mZ¨, †ÎZv, Øvci I Kwj| cªwZwU hy‡Mi Rb¨ wbw`©ó ag©K‡g©i K_v i‡q‡QÑ †m¸‡jvhyMag©| cweÎ †`ngb wb‡q ag©PP©v Ki‡Z nq| GRb¨ c~Rv, Dcevm, cÖv_©bv, Dcvmbv BZ¨vw` AvPvi-Abyôv‡biAbykxjb Ki‡Z nq| wn›`ya‡g© eªZcvj‡bi eë¯’v i‡q‡Q| f³MY eªZcvjb K‡i cvcgy³ n‡q _v‡K| Ck¦‡iwek¦vm, c~Rv, cve©Y I eªZcvj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q a‡g©i mydj cvIqv hvq|

Avgiv G-Aa¨v‡qi `ywU cwi‡”Q‡ì cÖ_g cwi‡”Q‡` wn›`ya‡g©i mvaviY I we‡kl jÿY Ges wn›`ya‡g©i µgweKvkm¤ú‡K© AeMZ ne Ges wØZxq cwi‡”Q‡` eY© I AvkÖga‡g©i aviYv, eY©‡f` Rb¥MZ bq, †ckvMZÑ G-aviYv,hyMag©, eªZcvjb, eªZcvj‡b KiYxq, wkeivwÎi eªZK_v Ges eªZcvj‡bi ¸iyZ¡ m¤ú‡K© AeMZ ne|

G-Aa¨vq‡k‡l AvgivÑ

•� wn›`ya‡g©i mvaviY I we‡kl jÿYmg~n e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� wn›`ya‡g©i µgweKvk mswÿßfv‡e eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� RxebvPi‡Y wn›`ya‡g©i mvaviY I we‡kl jÿ‡Yi cÖKvk NUv‡Z cvie

•� eY© I AvkÖ‡gi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� eY© I Avkªga‡g©i eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� eY©‡f` †ckvMZ, eskvbyµwgK bq Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� hyMa‡g©i aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� eªZcvj‡bi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� wkeivwÎi eªZK_v eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� eªZ I eªZcvj‡b KiYxq I eªZcvj‡bi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� e‡Y© e‡Y© †Kv‡bv †f` †bB Zv Dcjwä K‡i wbR AvPi‡Y Zvi cÖKvk NUv‡Z cvie

•� eªZcvj‡bi ¸iyZ¡ m¤ú‡K© †R‡b eªZcvj‡b DØy× ne|


cÖ_g cwi‡”Q`

wn›`ya‡g©i ¯îƒc

wn›`y ag©kv‡¯¿ a‡g©i jÿYmg~n‡K mvaviY jÿY I we‡kl jÿYÑ G-`yfv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q :

cvV 1 : a‡g©i mvaviY jÿY

ms¯‹…Z a„-avZzi m‡½ gb& cÖZ¨q‡hv‡M ag© kãwU Drcbœ n‡q‡Q| a„-avZzi A_© aviY Kiv| Zvn‡j ag© kãwU‡Z

†evSv‡”Q aviYkw³| G- cÖm‡½ gnvfvi‡Zi kvwšÍ c‡e© ewY©Z a‡g©i jÿYwU ¯§iY Kiv hvq|

ÔaviYv`& ag© BZ¨vûa©‡g©Y wea„Zv cÖRvt|

ht m¨v`& aviY mshy³t m ag© BwZ †bZit \Õ

A_©vr, aviY wµqv (a„+gb&) †_‡K ag© k‡ãi DrcwË| ag© m„wó‡K we‡klfv‡e aviY K‡i i‡q‡Q| ms‡ÿ‡c hv wKQy

aviYkw³m¤úbœ Zv-B ag©| G Qvov Ab¨wKQy ag© bq| †hgbÑ gvby‡li ag© n‡”Q gbyl¨Z¡| Avi GB gbyl¨‡Z¡i cwiPq

w`‡Z wM‡q ejv n‡q‡Q-

Awnsmv mZ¨g‡¯Íqs †kŠPs mshg‡ge P|

GZr mvgvwmKs †cÖv³s ag©m¨ cÂ jÿYg& \ (gbymswnZv)

A_©vr, wnsmv bv Kiv, Pzwi bv Kiv, mshgx nIqv, cweÎ _vKv Ges mZëv`x nIqvÑ GB cvuPwU‡K gbyl¨‡Z¡i jÿY

wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zvn‡j †`Lv hv‡”Q gbyl¨Z¡ i‡q‡Q cvuPwU ¸‡Yi g‡a¨| ¸Y¸‡jv Abykxjb K‡i

GKRb gvbyl gbyl¨‡Z¡i AwaKvix n‡Z cv‡i| hw` †`Lv hvq GKRb gvbyl Ab¨‡K wnsmv K‡ib bv, Ac‡ii m¤ú`

Pzwi K‡ib bv, Rxe‡b mZ¨‡K a‡i †i‡L‡Qb, †cvkvK-cwi”Q‡` cweÎ, wPšÍvfvebvq cwiï× Ges Rxebavi‡Yi

cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î mshgx, Zvn‡j H e¨w³‡K Avgiv gbyl¨‡Z¡i AwaKvix eje| Avi Giƒc cwi‡kvwaZ e¨w³B n‡eb

wn›`ya‡g©i `„wó‡KvY †_‡K Av`k© gvbyl| D³ cvuPwU ¸YB gvbyl‡K gvbyl K‡i‡Q| ZvB G¸‡jv wn›`ya‡g©i gbyl¨‡Z¡i

jÿY wn‡m‡e eY©bv Kiv nq| ag© avwg©K‡K iÿv K‡i| ag© bó n‡j gvby‡li ÿwZ nq|

GKK KvR : a‡g©i mvaviY j¶Y †Zvgvi ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Kxfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e †jL|

bZyb kã : mshgx, gbyl¨Z¡, ¯§iY, cwiï×|

wn›`ya‡g©i ¯îƒc I wek¦vm 25

cvV 2 I 3 : a‡g©i we‡kl jÿY

a‡g©i mvaviY jÿY eY©bvi ci a‡g©i we‡kl jÿYmg~n wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| a‡g©i we‡kl jÿY m¤ú‡K©gbymswnZvq ejv n‡q‡Q :

†e`t ¯§„wZt m`vPvit ¯^m¨P wcÖqgvZ¥bt|GZPPZzwe©as cÖvût mvÿvr ag©m¨ jÿYg&| (2/12)

A_©vr, †e`, ¯§„wZkv¯¿, m`vPvi I we‡e‡Ki evYx Ñ GB PviwU a‡g©i we‡kl jÿY| GB PviwU‡K AbymiY K‡i†KvbUv ag©, †KvbUv Aag© Zv wbY©q Kiv hvq|

†e`mbvZb a‡g©i wfwËg~‡j i‡q‡Q †e`| †e` Avw` ag©MÖš’| †e` k‡ãi A_© Ávb| †e‡ì FwlMY a¨vb¯’ n‡qfMev‡bi evYx jvf K‡i‡Qb Ges †m- evYxmg~n Kvjµ‡g wjwce× n‡q †e`MÖš’ n‡q‡Q| Avgiv Rvwb †e` PviwU|FM&‡e`, hRy‡e©`, mvg‡e`, A_e©‡e`| Rxeb‡ÿ‡Î †KvbUv ag©, †KvbUv Aag© GUv gxgvsmvi cª‡kœ †e‡ì gZ‡KBMÖnY Ki‡Z nq|

¯§„wZkv¯¿†e‡ì c‡i meiKg KZ©e¨K‡g©i Dc‡`k w`‡q iwPZ nq ¯§„wZkv¯¿| ¯§„wZkv¯¿¸‡jv iwPZ n‡q‡Q †e‡ì wba©vwiZgZvgZ wVK †i‡L| ¯§„wZkv‡¯¿i wbqg, wb‡`©k †g‡b Pj‡j ag©vag© wbY©q Kiv mnR nq|

m`vPvimr + AvPvi = m`vPvi| mr e¨w³i AvPvi AvPi‡Y a‡g©i cÖKvk N‡U _v‡K| †e` I ¯§„wZkv‡¯¿i gva¨‡g hw` ag©I Aag© wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e bv nq †m‡ÿ‡Î mgv‡R gnvcyiyl‡ì AvPvi-AvPiY I Dc‡`k-wb‡`©k AbymiY KivBag©|

we‡e‡Ki evYxDc‡ii Av‡jvwPZ †e`, ¯§„wZkv¯¿ I m`vPvi AbymiY K‡iI hw` we‡kl †Kv‡bv cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ag©-Aag© wbY©q Kivm¤¢e bv nq †m‡ÿ‡Î gvbyl‡K Zvi wbR¯̂ we‡e‡Ki Avkªq MÖnY Ki‡Z nq| gvby‡li cwiP‡q ejv nq gvbylwe‡eKevb cÖvYx| ZvB we‡eKeyw× Aej¤^b K‡i Rxebc‡_ Pj‡Z nq| me©‡ÿ‡Î ag©wb‡`©k †g‡b Pjv g½jRbK


bvI n‡Z cv‡i| †hgbÑ kv‡¯¿i wb‡`©k n‡”Q mZ¨ K_v ejv ag©, Avi wg_¨v ejv cvc| G-wb‡`©k mKj †ÿ‡ÎAbymiY Kiv m¤¢e bvI n‡Z cv‡i| hw` †`Lv hvq wg_¨v ej‡j GKRb fv‡jv gvby‡li Rxeb iÿv nq, ZLbwg_¨v ejvB ag©| Giƒc †ÿ‡Î mZ¨ ejv ag© bq| Giƒc RwUj cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gvby‡li AšÍ‡i Aew¯’Z Ck¦i evwe‡e‡Ki wb‡`©k wb‡q ag©vag© wbY©q Ki‡Z nq|

cvV 4 I 5 : wn›`ya‡g©i µgweKvkgvbemf¨Zvi µgweKv‡ki m‡½ m‡½ mbvZb Z_v wn›`ya‡g©i weKvk ïiy n‡q‡Q| wn›`ya‡g© wPšÍvkxj gywb-FwlMYgvby‡li Kj¨vYwPšÍvq ag©xq AvPvi-AvPi‡Y GgbwK cvigvw_©K wPšÍvq bZzb bZzb ag©xq fve cÖeZ©b K‡i‡Qb|êw`K hy‡M ag© Kg© wba©vwiZ wQj hÁKg© iƒ‡c| hÁwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q êw`K hy‡M †èZv‡ì Avivabv Kiv n‡Zv|hÁK‡g©i dj ¯^M©cÖvwß n‡Z cviZ wKš‘ gvby‡li gyw³jvf n‡Zv bv| ZvB †e‡ì c‡i Dcwbl‡ì hy‡M gyw³i wPšÍvcÖvavb¨ cvq| gvbyl gyw³jv‡fi Rb¨ GK eª‡þi Avivabv Ki‡Z _v‡K| G-mgq mgv‡R msmvi Z¨vM K‡i mbœ¨vmMÖn‡Yi cÖeYZv †`Lv †`q| Kvjµ‡g G-wPšÍvi g‡aÏ gvbyl †hb mšyÍô n‡Z cvij bv| G-Ae¯’vq fMevbkªxK…‡òi Avwef©ve nq| ZLb wQj Øvci hyM| mgvRRxe‡b mbœ¨v‡mi cwie‡Z© K‡g©i w`‡K †gvo †div‡bv n‡jv|wZwb e¨vL¨v K‡i ej‡jb, Kg© Z¨vM bq, Kg© Ki‡Z n‡e †fvM-AvKv•ÿv ev` w`‡q| g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e mg¯Íwek¦RMr fMev‡bi weivU Kg©‡ÿÎ| Avi GLv‡b gvbyl fMev‡bi Kg© K‡i hv‡”Q Ges K‡g©i djI fMev‡biBcÖvc¨| kªxg`&&fMe`&MxZvq GB wb®‹vg Z_v Kg©‡hv‡Mi welqwU ewjôfv‡e Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| Kg©‡hvM AbykxjbK‡i gvbyl gyw³jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Gici Av‡m fw³ev‡ì K_v| gvbyl Ck¦i‡K mvKv‡i Dcvmbv Ki‡Z _v‡K| eû †è-†èxi c~Rv-cve©Ywn›`ymgv‡R Pj‡Z _v‡K| fMevb‡K mvKv‡i Avivabv K‡i f³iv gy³ n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e wfbœ wfbœ †è-†èxiDcvmKMY mgv‡R wfbœ wfbœ †kªwY‡Z wef³ n‡q c‡o| †hgbÑ kv³, ˆke, êòe BZ¨vw`| GB m¤úª`vq¸‡jvig‡a¨ Amwnòz fve †`Lv †`q| Giƒc Ae¯’vq kªxˆPZb¨‡`‡ei Avwef©ve N‡U| wZwb †cªgfw³g~jK êòe ag© cÖPviK‡ib| G-a‡g©i cÖavb jÿ¨ fw³i gva¨‡g fMev‡bi Avivabv, mgv‡R eY©we‡f` `~i Kiv I kvwšÍ ¯’vcb Kiv|

Ebwesk kZ‡K G‡m weÁv‡bi `„wó‡KvY w`‡q wn›`ya‡g© A‡bK AvPvi AvPi‡Y ms¯‹vi mvab Kiv nq| g~wZ©c~Rvicwie‡Z© Av‡m GK eªþ wPšÍv| Avi ¯’vwcZ nq eªvþmgvR| Aciw`‡K g~wZ©c~Rvi gva¨‡gi †h gvbyl Ck¦i jvfKi‡Z cv‡i, G-fvewU kªxivgK…‡òi mvabvq mycÖwZwôZ nq| kªxivgK…ò I Zvui wkl¨ ¯̂vgx we‡eKvb‡›ì cÖ‡Póvqwn›`ya‡g© cyivZb I bZzb wPšÍvavivi mgš^q N‡U|

ms‡ÿ‡c wn›`ya‡g©i weKvk N‡U‡Q êw`K hy‡M, hÁ K‡g©, †e`v‡šÍi eªþmvabvq, †cŠivwYK hy‡Mi †è-†èxiDcvmbvq, Øvci hy‡M kªxK…‡òi Kg©‡hv‡M, kªx‰PZ‡bï fw³fvebvq; Avi AvaywbK Kv‡j kªxivgK…‡òi me©ag©mgš^‡qi ga¨ w`‡q|

Ck¦i me©kw³gvb, Zvui fve AbšÍ, Zuv‡K cvIqvi c_I wewPÎ| mvabc‡_ †h-†Kv‡bv cÖPwjZ c×wZ AbymiY Kiv†h‡Z cv‡i| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e gvb‡ei Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨B ag©| ag©vPi‡Y gvbeKj¨vY‡K Aek¨ cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z n‡e|gvby‡li g‡a¨B Ck¦i i‡q‡Qb ; ZvB gvbe‡mevB Ck¦i‡mev| GB ag©‡ev‡a wek¦vmx n‡q Avgiv Rxe‡b †mevag©Abykxjb Kie Ges gvbeZv‡eva RvMÖZ Ki‡Z hZœevb ne|

`jxq KvR : a‡g©i we‡kl j¶Ymg~n †Zvgv‡K gvbeZv‡ev‡a Kxfv‡e D×z× Ki‡Q G-m¤ú‡K© cuvPwU evK¨ †jL|

bZzb kã : ¯§„wZkv¯Î, †e`MÖš’, †e`všÍ|

wn›`ya‡g©i ¯̂iƒc 27

wØZxq cwi‡”Q`

ag© wek¦vmcvV 1 : eY©‡f`

Avgiv wn›`ya‡g©i we‡kl jÿY Ges wn›`ya‡g©i µgweKvk m¤ú‡K© AeMZ n‡qwQ| GLb e‡Y©i aviYv m¤ú‡K©AeMZ ne|

wn›`ya‡g©i g~j ag©MÖš’ †e`| eªvþY, ÿwÎq, êk¨ I k~`ª GB Pvi e‡Y©i K_v †e` †_‡KB Rvbv hvq| mgv‡R mKjgvby‡li Ávb, eyw×, Kg©`ÿZv mgvb bq| K‡g©i †hvM¨Zv Abymv‡i cÖvPxbKvj †_‡K G-a‡g© eY©wefvM i‡q‡Q|mgv‡R hviv Ávb-eyw×‡Z DbœZ Zviv eªvþY bv‡g cwiwPZ nq| Guiv Ávb AR©b, Ávb weZiY Ges ag©K‡g© wbhy³_vK‡Zb| Avevi ivRKv‡h© Kzkjx, †`k‡K iÿv Kivi kw³‡Z `ÿ, GB †kªwYi †jvK‡ì‡K ejv n‡Zv ÿwÎq|eëmv-evwYR¨ cwiPvjbv, km¨vw` Drcv`bK‡g© Drmvnx e¨w³iv n‡jb êk¨| kÖgRxex e¨w³‡ì‡K k~` ª †kªwY‡ZAšÍf©y³ Kiv nq|

cvV 2 : eY©©‡f` †ckvMZ, eskvbyµwgK bq

Kvjµ‡g GB eY©cÖ_v Rb¥MZ n‡q `vuovq, †hgb Ñ eªvþ‡Yi mšÍvb nq eªvþY, ÿwÎ‡qi mšÍvb nq ÿwÎq,Abyiƒcfv‡e êk¨, k~`ª Rb¥MZ AwaKv‡i cwiwPZ nq| Gi d‡j †`Lv †Mj GKB cwiev‡ii Pvi mšÍvb Pvi iKg¸Y wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Q| wKšÍy Rb¥MZ Kg©wefvR‡b Zv‡ì PviRb‡K GKB Kg© Ki‡Z n‡”Q| d‡j K‡g©i`ÿZv Giv †`Lv‡Z cvi‡Q bv| ZvB wn›`ya‡g©i weÁ e¨w³MY e‡j‡Qb mgv‡R eY©web¨vm n‡q‡Q K‡g©i †hvM¨ZvAbymv‡i| eY©‡f` †ckvMZ ; Aek¨B eskvbyµwgK bq| FM&‡e‡ì GKwU g‡š¿ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, GKRb Fwlej‡Qb, Avwg †e`gš¿ `ªóv Fwl, Avgvi Kb¨v he †f‡R QvZz evwb‡q wewµ K‡i Ges Avgvi †Q‡j wPwKrmK| G†_‡K †evSv hvq, eY©‡f` eskvbyµwgK wQj bv| Zv Qvov mvabvi ¸‡Y ÿwÎq ivRcyÎ wek¦vwgÎ Zcm¨vi e‡jeªvþYZ¡ AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb| êk¨ †_‡K eªvþY nIqvi `„óvšÍI ag©MÖ‡š’ i‡q‡Q| kªxg`&&fMe`&&MxZv‡ZI fMevbkªxK…ò e‡j‡Qb, ¸Y I K‡g©i wfwËZ wZwb Pvi e‡Y©i m„wó K‡i‡Qb| (MxZv, 4/13)| wKšÍy GKv‡jI es‡kiwfwË‡Z eY© wba©vwiZ n‡”Q| G-eskvbyµwgK eY©‡f` cÖ_v wn›`yag©vej¤^x GK‡Z¡i Rb¨ cÖwZeÜK Ges åvZ„‡Z¡ieÜ‡bi cÖwZK‚j| mgvR cwieZ©bkxjZvq G-cÖ_vi A‡bK cwieZ©b N‡U‡Q| A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB mgv‡Ri m‡PZbcwieviMy‡jv G-cÖ_vi †Muvovwgi cÖwZK~‡j Ae¯’vb wb‡q cvwievwiK KvR m¤úv`b Ki‡Qb| †ckvMZ eY©‡f‡ì g~jjÿ¨ wQj †ckvi DrKl©mvab I ˆbwZK ¸Yvewji weKv‡ki gva¨‡g mvgvwRK g½jmvab Kiv| eskvbyµwgKeY©‡f` mgv‡Ri m‡PZb gvby‡li wbKU Kzms¯‹vi e¨ZxZ Ab¨wKQz bq| ZvB G-`„wófw½i AviI cwieZ©bevÃbxq|

GKK KvR : Ôwn›`ya‡g© eY©‡f` cÖ_v åvZ…‡Z¡i eÜ‡bi cÖwZK‚jÕÑ G-m¤ú‡K© cuvPwU evK¨ †jL|

bZzb kã : eY©‡f`, Kzkjx, eªvþY, ÿwÎq, êk¨, k~`ª|


cvV 3 : AvkÖgag©

Avkªgag© wn›`ymgv‡R GKwU we‡kl w`K| cÖvPxbKv‡j FwlMY gvbeRxeb‡K PviwU ch©v‡q wef³ K‡i †`‡L‡Qb,

†hgbÑ eªþPh©, Mvn©¯’¨, evbcÖ¯’ I mbœ¨vm| GB PviwU‡K GK‡Î ejv nq PZzivkªg| gvby‡li Avqy®‹vj †gvUvgywU

GK‡kv eQi aiv nq| Avi GB GK‡kv eQi‡K cuwPk eQi K‡i mgvb Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv nq| cÖ_g cuwPk

eQi‡K ejv nq eªþPh© Avkªg| G-mg‡q ¸iyM„‡n †_‡K we`¨v AR©b Kivi weavb| wØZxq ch©vq cÂvk ermi ch©šÍ

Mvn©¯’¨ Rxeb| G-mg‡q eªþPvix ¸iyM„n †_‡K wbR M„‡n wd‡i weevn m¤úbœ K‡i msmviag© cvjb K‡i| cÂvk

ermi AwZµg n‡j msmvi Z¨vM K‡i ag©vbykxj‡bi Rb¨ e‡b hvIqvi K_v| GwU Pj‡e cuPvËi eQi ch©šÍ| G-

ch©vq‡K ejv nq evbcÖ¯’| †kl cuwPk eQ‡i Av‡m mbœ¨vma‡g©i K_v| ZLb gvbyl ag©vbykxj‡b AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡i|

D³ GB PviwU ¯Í‡i wba©vwiZ Kg©B n‡”Q Avkªgag©|

bZzb kã : eªþPh©, Mvn©¯’¨, evbcÖ¯’, mbœ¨vm, PZzivkÖg, Avqy®‹vj|

cvV 4 : hyMag©

wn›`ya‡g©i g‡Z hyM n‡”Q PviwUÑ mZ¨, †ÎZv, Øvci I Kwj| gvbemf¨Zv weKv‡ki cÖv_wgK ch©vq‡K aiv nq mZ¨

hyM| G-hy‡M gvbyl wQj ag©cÖvY| Zv‡ì Rxeb wQj mrKg©gq| ZLb ag© wQj c~Y©, †lvj Avbv| Gi c‡i Av‡m

†ÎZv hyM| G-mg‡q gvby‡li RxebPP©vq wKQy wKQy AmZ¨ Ges cv‡ci cÖKvk N‡U| ZLb mgv‡R nq GK fvM cvc

Avi wZb fvM ag©| mgv‡R ag© ˆbwZKZvi cÖfve ZLbI †ewk _vKvq Aag© `ye©j n‡q _v‡K|

cieZx© hyM‡K ejv nq Øvci hyM| G-mg‡q a‡g©i cÖfve AviI `ye©j n‡q c‡o| Aciw`‡K cvc, Ab¨vq, AZ¨vPvi

†e‡o hvq| GLv‡b G‡m ag© I Aag© mgvb mgvb n‡q hvq| G-mgq fMevb kªxK…ò Avwef~©Z n‡q mgv‡R

`y®‹„ZKvix‡ì webvk mvab I mr e¨w³‡ì `ytL‡gvPb Avi ag© ms¯’vcb K‡i †M‡Qb|

Gici Av‡m KwjhyM| G-mg‡q a‡g©i Ae¯’v AviI `ye©j nq| Aciw`‡K Aag© Z_v cvcK‡g©i e„w× N‡U|gvby‡li ag©‡eva nvwi‡q hvIqvi Dcµg nq| G-Ae¯’vq AeZvi iƒ‡c Av‡mb kªx‰PZb¨ gnvcÖfy| Zvui cÖ‡Póvqmgv‡R †cÖgfw³ cÖevn m„wó nq| mgvRRxe‡b ¯^w¯Í wd‡i Av‡m|

Pvi hy‡Mi AvPi‡Yi Rb¨ kv‡¯¿ ag©-K‡g©i wb‡`©k i‡q‡Q| Zv‡K ejv nq hyMag©|

Zct cis mZ¨hy‡M †ÎZvqvs ÁvbgyP¨‡Z|

Øvc‡i hÁ‡gevû `vb‡gKs K‡jŠ hy‡M \

A_©vr, mZ¨hy‡M Zcm¨vB wQj cÖavb ag© ; †ÎZv hy‡M Ávb cÖavb ag©, Øvc‡i hÁ cÖavb wQj Avi Kwj hy‡M `vbBcÖavb ag©|

GKK KvR : hyMag© Abyhvqx Pvi hy‡Mi êwkó¨mg~n †jL|

bZzb kã : mrKg©gq, kÖx‰PZb¨ gnvcÖfz, †ÎZv, Øvci|

wn›`ya‡g©i ¯̂iƒc 29

cvV 5 : eªZ I eªZ cvj‡b KiYxq

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eªZcvj‡bi wKQy mywbw`©ó wbqg Av‡Q| eª‡Zi Av‡Mi w`b mshg cvjb Ki‡Z nq Ges eª‡Zi w`b eªZ †klnIqv ch©šÍ Dcevm Aek¨ KiYxq| †h-w`‡b ev wZw_‡Z †h-eªZ D`&hvcb Kiv nq †m-w`‡b ev wZw_‡Z f³MYDcevm †_‡K wbw`©ó †è-†èxi D‡Ï‡k c~Rv wb‡e`b K‡i _v‡Kb| cÖwZwU eª‡Zi eªZK_v Av‡Q| eªZcvj‡bimgq mywbw`©ó eªZK_v ejv ev cvV Kiv nq| f³MY fw³mnKv‡i †m eªZK_v †kv‡bb|

wkeivwÎ eªZ

dvêyb gv‡mi K…ò PZz`©kx wZw_i ivwÎ‡Z wk‡ei Avivabv Kiv nq| GwU

wkeivwÎ eªZ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| wke g½jgq| wZwb RM‡Zi AKj¨vY,

Amy›ì, Ab¨vq `~i K‡i _v‡Kb| wkekw³ Kj¨vYKi kw³| Zuvi AbyMÖn

cvIqvi Rb¨ †h eªZcvjb Kiv nq †mwU wkeivwÎ eªZ wn‡m‡e L¨vZ| GB

eªZ m¤ú‡K© Kvwnbx †kvbv hvqÑ GK mgq wke-cve©Zx GK‡Î Ae¯’vb

Ki‡Qb| cve©Zx wke‡K cÖkœ Ki‡Qb, wZwb wK‡m Zzó nb? wke DË‡i

e‡jb, Ô†h e¨w³ Dcevmx n‡q fw³ f‡i GKwUgvÎ wej¦cÎ w`‡qI Avgvi

AP©bv K‡ib Avwg Zv‡ZB Zzó nB| eû DcPv‡i Avgvi AP©bv Kivi

cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| †n †èx, GB n‡jv Avgvi cÖxwZKi eªZ| GB eª‡Zi

dj¯îƒc f³ Zuvi evmbvi e¯‘ †c‡q _v‡Kb| Avgvi AbyMÖn Zuvi cÖwZ

me©ÿY ewl©Z nq|Õ

wke e‡jb, wZwb f‡³i fw³ †`‡Lb, Avi Zuvi kª×vmn wej¦c‡Îi AÄwj‡Z Zzó nb| wkeivwÎ eªZ cvj‡bi wKQywbqg i‡q‡Q| †hgbÑ wkeivwÎi Av‡Mi w`b †_‡KB f³ mshg Aej¤̂b Ki‡eb| ev‡K¨, K‡g©, wPšÍvq †`n-gb‡KcweÎ ivL‡eb| Dcevm †_‡K mvivw`b cÖ‡qvRbxq Kv‡Ri g‡aÏ wke‡K ¯§iY Ki‡eb| wkeivwÎi AvbyôvwbKK‡g©i g‡a¨ _vK‡eÑivwÎi Pvi cÖn‡i wke‡K Pvievi AP©bv Kiv| cÖ_g cÖn‡i wke‡K øvb Kiv‡Z nq `y» w`‡q|wØZxq cÖn‡i `wa w`‡q| Z…Zxq cÖn‡i N„Z w`‡q Ges PZz_© cªn‡i gay w`‡q| cÖwZevi mœv‡bi †k‡l c~Rv a¨vb Ki‡Zn‡e| Gfv‡e mvivivwÎ wk‡ei c~Rvq KvU‡e| c‡ii w`b f³ wke‡K c~Rv w`‡q Dcevm †f‡O cviY Ki‡e|

`jxq KvR : eªZ cvj‡bi D‡Ïk¨mg~n `‡j Av‡jvPbv K‡i LvZvq †jL|

bZyb kã : eªZ, wej¦cÎ, AÄwj|


cvV 6 : wkeivwÎi eªZK_vwkeivwÎi GKwU eªZ K_v Av‡Q| GLb wkeivwÎi eªZK_vwU †kvbv hvK Ñ

Ôwkeinm¨Õ bvgK ag©Mª‡š’ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, cyivKv‡j evivYmx bM‡i GK e¨va evm Ki‡Zb| Le© †`n, K…òKvq,wc½j †PvL, wc½j Pzj| †`L‡Z fqsKi wQ‡jb †mB e¨va| Avevi Zuvi m‡½ _vKZ cïcvwL aivi Rvj,A¯¿k¯¿ BZ¨vw`| e‡bi cïcvwL wkKvi K‡i Zv‡ì gvsm wewµ KivB wQj Zuvi †ckv| GLb GKw`b wZwb e‡bwM‡q cÖPzi cï wkKvi Ki‡jb| Zvici gvs‡mi fvi enb K‡i evwoi w`‡K iIbv Ki‡jb| †evSv Lye fvix wQj|P‡jI wM‡qwQ‡jb Mfxi e‡b| K¬všÍ kÖvšÍ n‡q wZwb wekÖv‡gi Rb¨ GKwU Mv‡Qi †Mvovq ï‡q co‡jb| `viyYK¬vwšÍ‡Z wZwb AwZ ª̀yZ Nywg‡q co‡jb| m~h© A¯Í †Mj| ivZ bvgj| PZz`©kx wZw_i AÜKvi ivZ| MfxiAÜKv‡i wZwb Kx K‡i evwo wdi‡eb ! AÜKv‡i eb¨cïiv hw` AvµgY K‡i ! wZwb ZLb †h-Mv‡Qi wb‡Pï‡qwQ‡jb Zvi Wv‡ji mv‡_ wkKvi-Kiv cïi gvs‡mi †evSv Szwj‡q ivL‡jb| Zvici wb‡RI P‡o em‡jb HMv‡Qi Wv‡j| MvQwU wQj †ejMvQ| Mfxi iv‡Z kxZvZ© I ÿzavZ© e¨v‡ai kixi Kuvc‡Z jvMj| Zvi Dci wkwkicowQj| VvÊv wkwk‡i e¨v‡ai Kvucywb †Mj †e‡o|

NUbvP‡µ †mB †ejMv‡Qi †Mvovq cÖwZwôZ wQ‡jb wk‡ei cÖZxK wkewj½| wkePZz`©kxi ivwÎ‡Z wk‡ei c~RvKi‡Z nq| wke‡K †ejcvZv w`‡q, Rj w`‡q c~Rv Ki‡Z nq| e¨va kx‡Z KuvcwQ‡jb Ges m‡Rv‡i Mv‡Qi Wvj†P‡c aiwQ‡jb| Zv‡Z K‡i wkwki‡fRv †ejcvZv Avcbv †_‡KB wQbœ n‡q wkewj‡½i Dci coj| Gfv‡eB †Zvf‡³iv Rj I †ejcvZv w`‡q wkePZz`©kxi ivwÎ‡Z wk‡ei c~Rv K‡i _v‡Kb| H e¨vaI Rj (wkwki) I †ejcvZvw`‡q wb‡Ri AÁv‡ZB wk‡ei c~Rv K‡i †d‡jb| wZw_gvnv‡Z¥¨ e¨vaI wkec~Rvi cyY¨dj AR©b Ki‡jb| wKšÍy e¨vawb‡RI Zv Rvb‡Z cvi‡jb bv|

e¨va hLb gviv †M‡jb ZLb hg`~‡Ziv P‡j G‡jb Zuvi AvZ¥v‡K wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨| KviY wZwb Rxe‡b †h-cvc K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi Rb¨ Zuv‡K biKevm Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ ZrÿYvr P‡j G‡jb wke`~‡Ziv| wke`~‡Ziv Zuv‡Kwkeav‡g wb‡q hv‡eb| ZLb wke`~Z I hg`~Z‡ì g‡a¨ SMov †j‡M †Mj| cv‡ci d‡j hvi hgvj‡q hvIqviK_v Zuv‡K wke`~‡Ziv wkeav‡g wb‡q †h‡Z Pvb ! wKš‘ wke`~Z‡ì Rb¨ hg`~‡Ziv e¨v‡ai Kv‡Q †Nul‡Zcvi‡Qb bv| ZLb Zuviv hgiv‡Ri Kv‡Q wM‡q NUbvUv Rvbv‡jb| hgivR ZLb wkeav‡g wM‡q wk‡ei †meKb›`xi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb, GKRb †Nvi cvcx‡K †Kb hgvj‡qi cwie‡Z© wkeav‡g †bIqvi Rb¨ wke`~‡ZivwM‡q‡Qb| H e¨va Kx Ggb cyY¨ K‡i‡Qb, hvi Rb¨ eûcy‡Yï d‡j †h-wkeavg cvIqv hvq †mB wkeav‡ghvIqvi †hvM¨ n‡jb ?

ZLb b›`x hgivR‡K GK wkePZz`©kx wZw_i iv‡Î wb‡Ri AÁv‡Z Rj I †ejcvZv w`‡q wk‡ei c~Rv Kivi K_vRvbv‡jb, ÔcvcxI hw` wkeivwÎ‡Z h_vwewa wk‡ei c~Rv K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi mg¯Í cv‡ci webvk N‡U Ges †mc~yYëvb n‡q wkeavg cÖvß nq| Gfv‡eB H e¨v‡ai mKj cv‡ci webvk N‡U‡Q Ges †m cyYëvb n‡q wkeavgcÖvwßi †hvM¨Zv AR©b K‡i‡Q|Õ

wkePZz`©kx‡Z wkeivwÎ eª‡Zi gvnv‡Z¥ï K_v ï‡b hgivR wew¯§Z n‡jb| Gfv‡eB wkeivwÎ eª‡Zi gvnv‡Z¥ï K_vˆKjv‡k, †è‡jv‡K I c„w_ex‡Z cÖPvwiZ n‡jv| ZLb †_‡K wkef‡³iv cÖwZ eQi wkeivwÎ eªZ K‡i Avm‡Qb|

bZzb kã : wkePZz`©kx, kÖvšÍ, e¨va, wc½j|

ag© wek¦vm 31

cvV 7 : eªZcvj‡bi ¸iyZ¡wn›`ya‡g©i GKwU wek¦vm GB †h, eªZ cvjb Ki‡j DwÏó †èZv eªZxi AvKv•ÿv c~iY Ki‡eb| Ôeª‡Zi gva¨‡gAvgvi AvKv•ÿv c~iY n‡eÕÑ G-AvZ¥wek¦v‡mi RvMiY Ges †mB AvKv•ÿv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ eªZxi wµqvkxj nIqveªZcvj‡bi GKwU we‡kl cÖvwß|

eª‡Z Avjcbv †K‡UI AvKv•ÿvi cÖKvk NUv‡bv nq| †hgbÑ av‡bi †Mvjv AvuK‡j ev¯Í‡e cÖK…Z av‡bi †Mvjv n‡e|†muRywZ eª‡Zi GKwU gš¿ n‡”Q :

Avwg w`B wcUzwji †Mvjv|Avgvi †nvK mwZ¨Kv‡ii †Mvjv \

j²x‡èxi cv‡qi wPý AuvK‡j †mB wP‡ý cv †d‡j †d‡j j²x‡èx wb‡RB N‡i Avm‡eb| eªZx‡K abm¤ú` `vbKi‡eb| eªZx myLx n‡eb|

Aÿq Z…Zxqvi eªZK_v Avgv‡ì `v‡bi cÖwZ DrmvwnZ K‡i| AiY¨lôx eªZ Ki‡j mšÍvbmšÍwZ `xN©vqy IHk¦h©kvjx nq| `~e©vógx eªZ Ki‡j mvZcyiyl my‡L _vKv hvq Ges `~e©vi g‡Zv mRxe I Avb›`gq nq es‡kimK‡ji Rxeb|

Gfv‡e eªZcvj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q eªZxi AvKv•ÿv c~iY nq| eªZ‡K †K› ª̀ K‡i Dcev‡mi ga¨ w`‡q †`n I gb mshZnq| kixi I gb `yBB fv‡jv _v‡K|


1. wn›`ya‡g©i cÖavb ag©MÖš’ .................|

2. wn›`ya‡g©i eY©cÖ_v ....................... bq|

3. Avgv‡ì Rxe‡b ............... †K a‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|

4. RwUj cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ................ wb‡`©k Abyhvqx KvR Ki‡Z nq|

5. ivRcyÎ wek¦vwgÎ .................. e‡j eªvþYZ¡ AR©b K‡iwQj|



evg cvk Wvb cvk

1. eû mva‡Ki mvabvq dmj wb‡q ag©

2. m„wó‡K we‡klfv‡e aviY K‡i i‡q‡Q weKwkZ n‡”Q ag©

3. †e`, ¯§„wZkv¯¿, m`vPvi I we‡e‡Ki evYx GB PviwU †e`4. wn›`ya‡g©i Avw` ag©MÖš’ cÖvYx5. gvbyl we‡eKevb a‡g©i jÿY

gnvfviZ


1. m`vPv‡ii aviYv D`vniY mnKv‡i e¨vL¨v Ki|2. hÁK‡g©i cÖwZ gvby‡li AvMÖn K‡g hvIqvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|3. Kg©‡hvM ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ?4. ag©vPi‡Yi g~j jÿ¨ e¨vL¨v Ki|

wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :1. wn›`ya‡g©i mvaviY jÿY¸‡jv †g‡b Pjvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

2. wn›`ya‡g©i we‡kl jÿY¸‡jv we‡kølY Ki|

3. eY©cÖ_vi †Muvovwgi w`KwU we‡kølY Ki|

4. wn›`yag© weKv‡ki cwiPq `vI|

5. wkeivwÎ cvj‡bi †hŠw³KZv we‡kølY Ki|


1. Ôag©Õ k‡ãi DrcwË n‡q‡Q †Kvb avZz †_‡K ?

K. a„ L. Mg&

M. e`& N. `„k&

2. a‡g©i mvaviY jÿY KqwU?

K. Pvi L. cuvP

M. AvU N. `k

ag© wek¦vm 33

3. gvby‡li ag© n‡”QÑi. gvbeZvii. ggZviii. gbyl¨Z¡


K. i L. i I ii


wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 4 I 5 b¤î cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI

m‡šÍvlevey wkÿKZv K‡ib| wZwb wb‡R c‡ob, wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i covb| QvÎQvÎx‡ì Av`k©gvbyl wn‡m‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z †Póv K‡ib| wkÿKZvi Avb›`mn cwiev‡ii mevB‡K wb‡q wZwb my‡L Av‡Qb|

wn›`yag© Abymv‡i m‡šÍvlevey †Kvb e‡Y©i AšÍf©y³?

K. eªvþY L. ÿwÎq

M. êk¨ N. k~`ª

m‡šÍvlevey‡K D³ m¤cÖ`v‡‡qi AšÍf©y³ Kivi KviY Ñ

i. Kg©

ii. Rb¥

iii. `ÿZv


K. i L. i I iii


m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

Kvjy †PŠh©e„wËi gva¨‡g RxweKv wbe©vn K‡i| GB KvR †_‡K weiZ _vKvi Rb¨ A‡b‡KB Zv‡K †evSv‡j KvjyGB KvR Qvo‡Z cv‡i bv| GKw`b †m Pzwi Ki‡Z wM‡q b`x‡Z c‡o nveyWyey †L‡Z _v‡K| mRj b`xi cvow`‡q hvIqvi mgq Kvjy‡K †`L‡Z cvq| Kvjyi KvRKg© m¤ú‡K© Zvi Rvbv _vK‡jI †m Kvjy‡K b`x †_‡K†U‡b †Zv‡j|

K. gnvfvi‡Zi †Kvb c‡e© a‡g©i jÿ‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q ?

L. †e`‡K mbvZb a‡g©i g~j wfwË ejvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki ?

M. mR‡ji AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g a‡g©i †h we‡kl jÿYwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. a‡g©i mvaviY jÿY Abyhvqx Kvjyi PwiÎ we‡kølY Ki|


PZz_© Aa¨vq

wbZ¨Kg© I †hvMvmb

wbZ¨Kg© I †hvMvmb

wbZ¨Kg©¸‡jv n‡jv cig cweÎ Kg©| wbZ¨Kg© Abykxjb Ki‡j †hvM, Zc, mvabv, KvRKg©, Dc‡fvM, Avb›`,ù~wZ©mg¯Í Kg©B fv‡jv jv‡M Ges RvMwZK I cvigvw_©K g½j jvf nq| kixiB ag©K‡g©i g~j Avavi| myZivs †`n‡Kbx‡ivM I gb kvšÍ ivLvi Rb¨ mK‡jiB †hvMvmb Abykxjb Kiv Aek¨KZ©e¨|

†MvgyLvmb, fyR½vmb, eRªvmb, wbqwgZ Abykxj‡b eûgyLx mydj jvf Kiv hvq| GB Aa¨v‡q wbZ¨Kg© Abykxj‡bicÖfve I †hvMvmb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|


•� wbZ¨Kg© Abykxj‡bi cÖfve eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� †MvgyLvm‡bi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� †MvgyLvmb Abykxjb c×wZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� †MvgyLvmb Abykxjb I Gi cÖfve eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� fyR½vm‡bi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� fyR½vmb Abykxjb c×wZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� fyR½vmb Abykxjb I Gi cÖfve eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� eRªvm‡bi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� eRªvmb Abykxjbc×wZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� eRªvmb Abykxjb I Gi cÖfve eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie|

cvV 1 : wbZ¨Kg© Abykxj‡bi cÖfve

wbZ¨‰bwgwËK m`vPviB gbyl¨Rxe‡bi Ag~j¨ m¤ú`| hviv wbZ¨Kg© Abykxjb K‡i Zv‡ì gb axi, w¯’i I kvšÍ_v‡K, kixi fv‡jv I Kg©V _v‡K Ges Zv‡ì Rxeb ï×, cweÎ I wbg©j nq| gvbyl hLb bZzb M„n¯’ Kg© Avi¤¢K‡i ZLb Zv‡ì wKQzB _v‡K bv| `yB-Pvi eQi c‡i hw` Zviv Ni cwiZ¨vM K‡i ZLb Zv‡ì GZ wRwbmcÎn‡q hvq hv wb‡Z UªvK ev Mvwoi cÖ‡qvRb nq| †miKg gvbyl hw` cÖwZw`b wbZ¨K‡g© e¨¯Í †_‡K Ab¨Kg© K‡iZv‡ì wbZ¨Kg©- m¤̂Üxq wekvj Ávb jvf nq| hviv wKQzB K‡i bv Zv‡ì mvg‡b mewKQzB †evSv g‡b nq GeswbR¯^ K‡g©I Avjm¨, Kzms¯‹vi †j‡MB _v‡K| Zviv ïfKg© Ges g½jwPšÍv Ki‡Z mgqB cvq bv|

wbZ¨K‡g©i Øviv ïfK‡g©i dj me©`vB cÖZ¨ÿ Kiv hvq| cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki ïfKg© Kivi Rb¨ GKUv mgq wba©viY n‡qhvq| ˆ`wbK wbZ¨Kg©KZ©v‡ì NiI cwi®‹vi, cwi”Qbœ, ï×, cweÎ _v‡K| weQvbvq Nyg fvO‡ZB eªþgyn~‡Z© Ag„Z†ejvq ïf msKí K‡i gš¿cv‡Vi gva¨‡g kª×v fw³‡Z Ck¦i‡K WvK‡j Avjm¨ `~i n‡q hvq Ges mg¯Í w`bmy›ìfv‡e KvU‡Z _v‡K| cÖvZtKv‡ji Ava¨vwZ¥K Kvh©Kjvc Abyôv‡bi dj w`‡bi †h-†Kv‡bv mg‡q AbywôZ


cvigvw_©K Kvh©Kjv‡ci dj †_‡K A‡bK †ewk| cÖwZw`b ¸iyRb‡K bg¯‹vi Ki‡j Zuv‡ì cÖwZ KLbI Lvivceënvi, Am¤§vb, Agh©v`v Kivi mvnm nq bv| bg¯‹vi webgªZvi cÖZxK| †mRb¨ wcZvgvZv, weØvb, e‡qve„×,¸iyRb‡ì cÖwZ wbZ¨ bg¯‹vi Kiv DwPZ hv‡Z Akª×v †mLv‡b webgªZv nq Ges weiy× AvPiY bv nq|

cÖwZw`b mKvj-mÜ¨v †hvMe¨vqvg kixi‡K †K›`ª K‡iB nq| Ôkixis Av`¨s Lj ag© mvabg&ÕÑ kixiB ag©K‡g©i g~jAvavi| myZivs †hvMvmb cÖwZw`b wbqwgZ Ki‡j kixi üócyó, ejevb, kw³kvjx, IR¯̂x, †ZR¯̂x _v‡K GesDËg fvebvq AvMÖng~jK K‡g©i cÖ‡Póv nq| gvbylgvÎB kvwšÍi Rb¨ Ck¦‡ii Dcvmbv K‡i| cÖwZw`b c~Rv-AP©bv,Dcvmbvw` Øviv fMev‡bi bvg DPPvi‡Yi d‡j Ges Zuvi D‡Ï‡k cÖv_©bv Rvbv‡bvi d‡j Ava¨vwZ¥K †PZbv RvMÖZnq Ges Ck¦i‡K jvf Kiv hvq| wb®‹g©v‡ì †Kv‡bv K‡g©B gb jv‡M bv| hv wKQz K‡i eva¨Zvg~jK, B”Qv bv_vK‡jI K‡i| Zviv Rxe‡b DbœwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|

myZivs wbZ¨Kg©¸‡jv n‡jv cig cweÎ Kg©| wbZ¨Kg© Abykxjb Ki‡j †hvM, Zc, mvabv, KvR, Kg©, Dc‡fvM,Avb›`,ù~wZ© mg¯Í Kg©B fv‡jv jv‡M Ges RvMwZK I cvigvw_©K g½j jvf nq|

Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB DwPZ ˆ`wbK wbZ¨Kg©vw` Kiv Ges AZ¨vek¨K ag©, Kg©vw`, gš¿v_©, gb‡bi m‡½ AvPiYKiv|

bZzb kã : m`vPvi, M„n¯’Kg©, eªþgyn~Z©, Ag„Z †ejv, Ava¨vwZ¥K, cvigvw_©K, IR¯̂x, †ZR¯̂x, Zc, wb®‹g©v,RvMwZK|

kixiPP©v I my¯’Rxeb 37

cvV - 2, 3 I 4 : †Mvgym‡bi aviYv, Abykxjb c×wZ I cÖfve

†MvgyLvm‡bi aviYv :

GB Avm‡b Ae¯’vbKv‡j Avmb Af¨vmKvixi cv‡qi Ae¯’vb Miyi gy‡Li g‡Zv nq, ZvB GB Avm‡bi bvg†MvgyLvmb|

Abykxjb c×wZ

`yB mvg‡bi w`‡K j¤^v K‡i Qwo‡q †mvRv n‡q em‡Zn‡e| Zvici Wvb cv nuvUz‡Z †f‡O euv cv‡qi nuvUzi Dciw`‡q wb‡q wM‡q Wvb cv‡qi †Mvovwj euv wbZ‡¤̂ ¯úk©Kiv‡Z n‡e| euv cv nuvUz‡Z †f‡O euv cv‡qi †Mvovwj WvbwbZ‡¤î cv‡k ¯úk© Kiv‡Z n‡e| Gevi Wvb nvZ gv_viDci Zz‡j KbyB‡Z †f‡O Wvb nv‡Zi cvZv Nvo eiveiwc‡Vi Dci bvg‡e| euv nvZ KbyB‡Z †f‡O wcQ‡bwc‡Vi Dci w`‡K wb‡Z n‡e| `ynv‡Zi AvOyj¸‡jveowki g‡Zv K‡i GK nvZ Avi GK nv‡Zi m‡½AvU‡K w`‡Z n‡e| Nvo Avi †giy`Ê †mvRv _vK‡e|`„wó _vK‡e mvg‡bi w`‡K| k¦vmcÖk¦vm ¯^vfvweK †i‡LGfv‡e 30 †m‡KÛ _vK‡Z n‡e| Zvici nvZ `y‡Uv†Q‡o, cv `y‡Uv Av‡Mi g‡Zv j¤^v K‡i mvg‡bi w`‡K Qwo‡q w`‡Z n‡e| Gici Wv‡bi RvqMvq euv Avi euv‡qiRvqMvq Wvb a‡i A_©vr nvZ-cv e`j K‡i AvmbUv Avevi Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici 30 †m‡KÛ kevm‡b wekªvg wb‡Zn‡e| GiKg Pvievi Ki‡Z n‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, Wvb nuvUz hLb euv nuvUzi Dci _vK‡e ZLb Wvb nvZ Dc‡iDV‡e Avi euv nuvUz hLb Wvb nuvUzi Dci _vK‡e ZLb euv nvZ Dci DV‡e|

GKK KvR : †MvgyLvmbwU Abykxjb K‡i †`LvI|

cÖfve

†MvgyLvmb wbqwgZ Abykxjb Ki‡jÑ

1. cv‡qi †cwk bgbxq nq, cv‡qi e¨_v `~i nq|

2. nuvUzi evZ wbivgq nq|

3. wc‡Vi gvsm‡cwki e¨_v `~i nq|

4. Amgvb Kuva mgvb nq|

5. Kuv‡ai mwÜ¯’‡j e¨_v `~i nq|


6. †giy`Ê bgbxq nq, euvKv †giy`Ê †mvRv nq|

7. cwicvK h‡š¿i †Mvj‡hvM I †Kvôve×Zv `~i nq|

8. nRg kw³ e„w× cvq|

9. Awb`&ªv `~i nq|

10. g‡bi Aw¯’iZv I PÂjZv `~i nq, gb kvšÍ _v‡K|

`jxq KvR : †MvgyLvmb Abykxj‡bi DcKvwiZv wj‡L GKwU †cv÷vi ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : †MvgyLvmb, †Mvovwj, wbZ¤^, evZ, †cwk, cwicvK hš¿, wbivgq, †Kvôe×Zv, bgbxq, mwÜ¯’j|

cvV - 5, 6 I 7 : fyR½vm‡bi aviYv, Abykxjb c×wZ I cÖfvefyR½vm‡bi aviYv :ÔfyR½Õ k‡ãi A_© mvc| GB Avm‡b Ae¯’vbKv‡j †Kvgi †_‡K †`‡ni Dc‡ii Ask‡K Dc‡i Zzj‡Z nq| GBmgq GB Avmb Af¨vmKvix‡K fyR½ A_©vr mvc dYv Zzj‡j †hgb †`L‡Z nq, †miKg nq| ZvB GB Avm‡bi bvgfyR½vmb| G‡K mc©vmbI ejv nq|

Abykxjb c×wZ :kix‡ii mg¯Í gvsm‡cwk‡K wkw_j K‡i cv `y‡Uv †Rvov I j¤^v K‡i Dcyo n‡q ï‡q co‡Z n‡e| cv‡qiAvOyj¸‡jv gvwUi mv‡_ †j‡M _vK‡e| nuvUz, Eiy I †Mvovwj †mvRv _vK‡e| `ynvZ KbyB‡qi KvQ †_‡K †f‡O `ynv‡Zi Zvjy Dcyo K‡i cuvR‡ii Kv‡Q `ycv‡k gvwU‡Z ivL‡Z n‡e| Gici nv‡Zi Dci Aí fi w`‡q wPeyK Dc‡iZz‡j Nvo wcQb w`‡K wb‡Z n‡e Ges m‡½ m‡½ cv †_‡K bvwf ch©šÍ kix‡ii wb‡Pi Ask f~wgmsjMœ †i‡L †`‡niDc‡ii Ask nv‡Zi Dci †ewk †Rvi bv w`‡q ïay eyK I †Kvg‡ii Dci †Rvi w`‡q Dc‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e| G-Ae¯’vqmg¯Í kixi wkw_j K‡i 30 †m‡KÛ _vK‡Z n‡e| Gici Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í †cU, eyK, Nvo I wPeyK bvwg‡qf~wgmsjMœ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges 30 †m‡KÛ wPr n‡q kevm‡b wekªvg wb‡Z n‡e| GBfv‡e GB Avmb I kevmb PvieviAf¨vm Ki‡Z n‡e| GB Avmb Af¨vmKv‡j k¦vmcÖk¦vm ¯^vfvweK _vK‡e|

GKK KvR : fzR½vmbwU Abykxjb K‡i †`LvI|

wbZ¨Kg© I †hvMvmb 39

cÖfve :

fyR½vmb wbqwgZ Abykxjb Ki‡jÑ

1. †giy`Ê bgbxq nq|

2. euvKv †giy`Ê †mvRv I mij nq|

3. †giy`‡Êi evZ mv‡i|

4. wc‡Vi I †Kvg‡ii †cwk gReyZ nq, †Kvg‡i e¨_v n‡Z cv‡i bv|

5. mœvqygÊjx m‡ZR nq|

6. kix‡ii wb‡¯ÍRfve `~i nq I bZzb kw³ Rb¥vq|

7. ürwcÊ I dzmdzm mej nq|

8. ey‡Ki MVb my›ì nq Ges †`‡ni jveY¨ e„w× cvq|

9. hK…r I cøxnvi Kg©ÿgZv e„w× cvq, nRgkw³ ev‡o|

10. ARxY©, A¤̂j, Aÿzav, M¨vw÷ªK, D”P i³Pvc BZ¨vw` †iv‡M mydj cvIqv hvq|

11. hviv †KvjKzu‡Rv Zv‡ì we‡kl DcKvi nq|

`jxq KvR : fzR½vmb Abykxj‡b Kx DcKvi nq, Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : fyR½, wPeyK, cuvRi, msjMœ, wb‡¯ÍR, jveY¨, †KvjKuy‡Rv, hK…r, cøxnv, ARxY©, A¤^j|

cvV-8,9 I 10 : eRªvm‡bi aviYv, Abykxjb c×wZ I cÖfveeRªvm‡bi aviYv :

†hvMkv¯¿g‡Z AvmbwU Af¨v‡m †`‡ni wbgœfv‡Mi mœvqy I †cwk e‡Rªi g‡Zv KwVb, gReyZ I my`„p nq| ZvBAvmbwUi bvg eRªvmb| GwU LvIqvi c‡i Kiv GKgvÎ Avmb|


Abykxjb c×wZ :

nuvUz †f‡O cv `y‡Uv wcQb †_‡K gy‡o wbZ‡¤̂i wb‡P Ggbfv‡e ivL‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z †Mvovwj `y‡Uv evB‡ii w`‡K †ewi‡q_v‡K Ges cv‡qi cvZv wbZ‡¤î m‡½ †j‡M _v‡K| GB Ae¯’vq `ycv‡qi ey‡ov AvOyj ci¯ú‡ii m‡½ †j‡M _vK‡e†Kvgi, MÖxev Ges gv_v †mvRv n‡q _vK‡e| `yB nuvUz ci¯ú‡ii m‡½ †j‡M _vK‡e| nv‡Zi KbyB bv †f‡O Wvb nvZ_vK‡e Wvb nuvUzi Dci cvZv Avi euv nvZ _vK‡e euv nuvUzi Dci cvZv| k¦vmcÖk¦vm ¯^vfvweK †i‡L Gfv‡e 30 †m‡KÛem‡Z n‡e| Zvici 30 †m‡KÛ kevm‡b wekªvg wb‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡e 3/4 evi Af¨vm Ki‡Z n‡e|

GKK KvR : eRªvmbwU Abykxjb K‡i †`LvI|

cÖfve :

eRªvmb wbqwgZ Abykxjb Ki‡jÑ

1. nuvUzi I †Mvovwji Muv‡Ui evZRwbZ e¨_v `~i nq, mvqwUKv mv‡i|

2. cv‡qi †cwk I mœvqyRvj m‡ZR I mwK&ªq nq|

3. Aÿzav I Awb`ªv `~i nq|

4. g‡bi PÂjZv `~i nq|

5. ¯^v¯’¨ my›ì I jveY¨gq nq|

6. cwic~Y© Avnv‡ii ci G AvmbwU 5 †_‡K 15 wgwbU Af¨vm Ki‡j Lv`ë¯‘ mn‡R nRg nqGes nRgkw³ e„w× cvq|

7. eRªvm‡b e‡m Pzj AuvPov‡j mn‡R Pzj cv‡K bv ev c‡o bv|

`jxq KvR : eRªvm‡bi DcKvwiZv wj‡L GKwU †cv÷vi ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : eRªvmb, my`„p, MÖxev, MuvU, mvqwUKv, mœvqyRvj|



1. wbZ¨ ˆbwgwËK .................gbyl¨ Rxe‡bi Ag~j¨ m¤ú`|

2. bg¯‹vi ................. cÖZxK|

3. mc©vmb ejv nq .................|

4. †MvgyLvm‡b Nvo Avi †giy`Ê ................. _vK‡e|

5. mn‡R Pzj cv‡K bv ................. e‡m Pzj AuvPov‡j|


evg cvk Wvb cvk

1. wbZ¨K‡g©i Øviv ïfKg©vbyôvwbK dj Miæi gy‡Li g‡Zv nq

2. nuvUz, Eiy I †Mvovwj †mvRv _v‡K g~j Avavi

3. †MvgyLvm‡b Af¨vmKvixi cv‡qi Ae¯’vb eRªvm‡b

5. kixiB ag©K‡g©i me©`vB cÖZ¨ÿ Kiv hvq

fyR½vm‡b


1. ÔwbZ¨Kg© Abykxj‡b RvMwZK I cvigvw_©K g½j nqÕÑ K_vwU eywS‡q †jL|

2. fyR½vmb Abykxjb c×wZi avcmg~n avivevwnKfv‡e †jL|

3. fyR½vmb Abykxj‡b †giy`‡Êi Ici Kx cÖfve c‡o ? e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. †MvgyLvmb Abykxj‡bi DcKvwiZv Kx ?


1. K‡qKwU wbZ¨Kg© D‡jøL K‡i Gi Abykxj‡bi cÖfve eY©bv Ki|

2. †MvgyLvmb Abykxjb c×wZ eY©bv Ki|

3. fyR½vmb Kxfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡Z nq ?

4. eRªvmb Abykxjb c×wZ eY©bv Ki|

5. kixi-g‡b eRªvmb Abykxj‡bi cÖfve e¨vL¨v Ki|



1. †Kvb mg‡qi Ava¨vwZ¥K Kvh©Kjvc Abyôv‡bi dj A‡bK †ewk ?

K. cÖvZtKvj L. c~e©vnœ

M. ga¨vý N. Acivnœ

2. †hvMvmb Abykxj‡bi ci wekªvg wb‡Z nq Ñ

K. myLvm‡b L. kevm‡b

M. f ª̀vm‡b N. exivm‡b

3. †MvgyLvmb wbqwgZ Abykxjb Ki‡j Ñ

i. nuvUzi evZ wbivgq nq

ii. †giæ`Ê k³ nq

iii. cwicvKh‡š¿i †Mvj‡hvM `~i nq


K. i I ii L. ii I iii

M. i I iii N. i, ii I iii

wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 4 I 5 b¤î cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :

Aóg †kÖwYi QvÎx †kÖqmx †jLvcovi cvkvcvwk wbqwgZ †hvMvmb Abykxjb K‡i| †m Dcyo n‡q ï‡q nuvUz, EiyI †Mvovwj †mvRv †i‡L GKwU Avmb Abykxjb K‡i Ges Gi mydjI Dcjwä K‡i|

4. †kÖqmx †Kvb †hvMvmbwU Abykxjb K‡i ?

K. eRªvmb L. kevmb

M. fyR½vmb N. †MvgyLvmb

5. †kªqmxi D³ AvmbwU wbqwgZ Abykxj‡bi d‡j Ñ

i. †`‡ni jveY¨ e„w× cvq

ii. nRgkw³ ev‡o

iii. ürwcÛ I dzmdzm mej _v‡K


K. i I ii L. ii I iii

M. i I iii N. i, ii I iii


m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

1. wgZv Aóg †kªwY‡Z c‡o| †m †jLvcovq fv‡jv| wKšyÍ †m wbqwgZ ¯‹z‡j Av‡m bv| †kªwYwkÿK KviY Rvb‡ZPvB‡j wgZv Rvbvq Zvi gv cÖvqB Amy¯’ _v‡Kb| Zvi gv‡qi mgm¨v n‡jv †Kv‡bv Lvevi LvIqvi ci D‡ØM IA¯^w¯Í †eva K‡ib Ges nRg Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| Jla Lv‡”Qb wKšyÍ mydj cv‡”Qb bv| wkÿK me †kvbvi ciwgZv‡K Zvi gv‡qi Rb¨ GKwU †hvMvmb Abykxjb c×wZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`b| wkÿ‡Ki K_vg‡Zv wgZvi gvD³ Avmb Abykxjb K‡i kixi I g‡b GB Avm‡bi mydj Dcjwä K‡ib|

K. bg¯‹vi wK‡mi cÖZxK ?

L. wbZ¨Kg© Abykxj‡bi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. DÏxc‡K wkÿK wgZv‡K Zvi gv‡qi my¯’Zvi Rb¨ †Kvb †hvMvmb Abykxjb c×wZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`be¨vL¨v Ki|

N. wgZvi gv‡qi kixi I g‡bi Ici D³ Avmb Abykxj‡bi cÖfve g~j¨vqb Ki|

2. moK-`yN©Ubvq †Kvgi I wc‡V fxlY AvNvZ †c‡q iZbeveyi c½y nIqvi Dcµg nq| wPwKrmvq my¯’ n‡jIZuvi †giæ`Ê euvKv n‡q hvq| wZwb †mvRv n‡q nuvU‡Z cv‡ib bv Ges †Kvg‡ii e¨_vq Kó cvb|Av‡ivM¨jv‡fi Avkvq wZwb cÿvNvZ cybe©vmb †K‡›`ª hvb| wPwKrmK Zuv‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq wdwRI †_ivwc w`‡qGKwU Avmb Abykxj‡bi c×wZ wkwL‡q †`b| iZbevey wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© Abyhvqx AvmbwU wbqwgZAbykxj‡b my¯’ nb| Zuvi Abyf~wZ ïay kvixwiKfv‡eB Av‡ivM¨ bq eis gvbwmKfv‡eI wZwb GLb my¯’|

K. †`n I gb‡K bx‡ivM I kvšÍ ivLvi Rb¨ wbqwgZ Kx Kiv cÖ‡qvRb ?

L. wbZ¨Kg©‡K cweÎ Kg© ejv nq †Kb ? e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. iZbevey †Kvb Avmb Abykxjb K‡i Av‡ivM¨ jvf K‡ib ? D³ Avmb Abykxjb cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki|

N. ÔiZbevey ïay kvixwiKfv‡eB Av‡ivM¨ bb eis gvbwmKfv‡eI wZwb GLb my¯’Õ Ñ D³ Avm‡bicwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z e³e¨wU g~j¨vqb Ki|


cÂg Aa¨vq

†è-†èx I c~Rv-cve©Y

Ck¦i wbivKvi n‡jI G gnvwe‡k¦i cÖ‡qvR‡b wewfbœ iƒ‡c c„w_ex‡Z Avwef©~Z n‡q _v‡Kb| Ck¦i hLb wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv¸Y ev ÿgZv‡K †Kv‡bv we‡kl AvKvi ev iƒ‡c cÖKvk K‡ib, ZLb Zuv‡K †èZv ev †è-†èx e‡j| †hgbÑ eªþv,weòz, wke, `yM©v, Kvjx, j²x, mi¯^Zx cÖf…wZ| eªþv m„wói †èZv, fMevb weòz cÖwZcvjb I iÿvKvix †èZv, wkeaŸs‡mi †èZv|

wn›`y ag©MÖš’ Abymv‡i Avgiv wZb cÖKvi †è-†èxi cwiPq cvB : êw`K †èZv, †cŠivwYK †èZv I †jŠwKK†èZv|

êw`K †èZv Ñ †hmKj †èZvi bvg †e‡` D‡jøL Av‡Q, Zuv‡ì êw`K †èZv e‡j|

†cŠivwYK †èZv Ñ †hmKj †èZvi bvg cyiv‡Y D‡jøL Av‡Q, Zuv‡ì †cŠivwYK †èZv e‡j|

†jŠwKK †èZv Ñ †e‡` ev cyiv‡Y D‡jøL †bB, †jŠwKKfv‡e c~wRZ nb Ggb †èZv‡ì ejv nq †jŠwKK †èZv|

Avgiv GmKj †è-†èxi c~Rv K‡i _vwK| †è-†èxi c~Rv Ki‡j Ck¦i Lywk nb Ges f‡³i AvKv•ÿv c~iY nq|

Ôc~RvÕ I Ôcve©YÕ kã `ywU mgv_©K kã wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| wKšyÍ c~Rv gv‡b kÖ×vÁvcb| †è-†èx‡K cy®úcÎ,ˆb‡e`¨ BZ¨vw` w`‡q kÖ×v Ávcb Kiv‡K c~Rv e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq| Avi Ôcve©YÕ k‡ãi A_© n‡jv ce© ev Drme|Drme gv‡b Avb›`vbyôvb| wn›`ya‡g©i wewaweavb Abymv‡i wewfbœ †è-†èxi c~Rvq wewfbœ ai‡bi Drm‡ei Av‡qvRbKiv nq| G‡KB e‡j cve©Y| c~Rv Dcj‡ÿ bvbviK‡gi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| c~Rvi Rb¨ bvbviKg DcKiY msMÖnI eënvi Kiv nq| †hgbÑ cÖwZgv wbg©vY ; †èZvi Ni mvRv‡bv ; wewfbœ ai‡bi ev‡`ï Av‡qvRb we‡kl K‡iXvK, †Xvj, NÈv, Kuvwm, k•L BZ¨vw` ; f³‡ì mv‡_ fvewewbgq ; wKQyUv wewPÎag©x LvIqv`vIqv ; wewfbœ ai‡biAvb›`g~jK Abyôv‡bi Av‡qvRb ; cwi”Qbœ †cvkvK-cwi”Q` cwiavb BZ¨vw`|

cve©Y c~Rv Abyôvb‡K AwaK Ab›`Nb K‡i †Zv‡j| d‡j Ck¦i I †è-†èxi cÖwZ fw³, GKvMÖZv, Mfxikª×v‡eva, wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ m¤úªxwZ I msnwZ BZ¨vwì m„wó nq|

G-Aa¨v‡q Avgiv c~Rvi DcKiY ev DcPvi G¸‡jv eënv‡ii Zvrch©, bvivqY, gbmv I kwb‡`‡ei cwiPq, c~Rv-c×wZ, cy®úvÄwj I cÖYvggš¿ BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© Rvbe|


� •� c~Rvi DcKi‡Yi aviYv e¨L¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� c~Rv-cve©Y I ag©xq Abyôv‡b eëüZ cÖvK…wZK DcPvi eënv‡ii Zvrch© Ges msiÿ‡YicÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� gbmv †èxi cwiPq I c~Rvc×wZ eY©bv Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� gbmvc~Rvi cÖYvggš¿ ej‡Z, wjL‡Z Ges mijv_© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� gbmv †èxi c~Rvi wkÿv I cÖfve eY©bv Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� bvivqY I kwb‡`‡ei cwiPq I c~Rvc×wZ eY©bv I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� bvivqY I kwb‡`‡ei cÖYvg gš¿ ej‡Z, wjL‡Z Ges mivjv_© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� cvwievwiK Rxe‡b bvivqY I kwbc~Rvi wkÿv I cÖfve we‡kølY Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

� •� gbmv, bvivqY I kwbc~Rvi wkÿv Dcjwä K‡i kª×vf‡i c~Rv AP©bvq DØy× ne

� •� cÖvK…wZK DcPvi msiÿ‡Y hZœkxj ne

� •� c~Rv cve©‡Yi Rb¨ cÖvK…wZK DcPvi msMÖn Ges c~Rv-cve©‡Yi agx©q bv›`wbK Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnYKie|

cvV 1 I 2 : c~Rv-DcKi‡Yi aviYv Ges c~Rv-DcKiY eënv‡ii Zvrc©h I msiÿY

wn›`ya‡g© wewfbœ †è-†èxi c~Rv Kiv nq| c~Rv Kivi wewfbœ ixwZ-bxwZ i‡q‡Q, hv‡K c~Rvwewa ejv nq| wewfbœ†è-†èxi c~Rv mwVKfv‡e Kivi Rb¨ I c~Rvi ixwZbxwZmg~n mwVKfv‡e cvjb Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi mgMÖxicÖ‡qvRb nq| GmKj c~RvmvgMÖx‡K c~Rvi DcKiY ev DcPvi wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kiv nq| D`vniY¯̂iƒc ejv hvq,c~Rvi ixwZbxwZ ev wewa Abymv‡i Awfó†èZv ev †èxi Rb¨ ˆb‡e`¨ mgc©Y Ki‡Z nq| ˆb‡e‡`ï Rb¨ wewfbœai‡bi dj, wgwó ev Ab¨vb¨ Lv`¨ ª̀‡eï cÖ‡qvRb nq| G¸‡jv‡K c~Rvi DcKiY ev DcPvi e‡j|

†è-†èxi cQ›` Abymv‡i c~Rv DcKi‡YiI wfbœZv i‡q‡Q| Z‡e mvaviYfv‡e wewfbœ †è-†èxi c~Rv Kivi Rb¨wb¤œewY©Z DcKiYmg~n eëüZ n‡q _v‡KÑ


1. weMÖn ev cÖwZgv : c~Rvq †è-†èxi weMÖn ev cÖwZgv wbg©vY Kiv nq|2. Kjm ev gvwUi cvÎ : c~Rvi DcKiY wn‡m‡e cÖ_vMZwbqg Abymv‡i gvwUi ev avZzi ˆZwi Kjm eënvi Kivnq| c~Rvi mgq KjmwU M½v b`xi Rj ev cÖengvbcwi®‹vi Rj w`‡q c~Y© Kiv nq| Kjm‡K g½jNUI ejvnq| A_©vr Kjm ev NU GKwU gv½wjK cÖZxK| Kjm evNU‡K awiÎxgv‡qi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Hk¦wiK m‡PZbZv e„w×i cÖZxK wn‡m‡eI eY©bv Kivn‡q‡Q|

Kj‡mi gy‡L Avgªcjøe ¯’vcb Kiv nq Ges Zvi Dci GKwU meyR bvwi‡Kj ¯’vcb Kiv nq| Av¤ªcjøe Ibvwi‡Kj gnvwek¦‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| Avgªcjø‡ei mv‡_ mRxeZvi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q Ges G‡K fv‡jvevmvi I De©iZvicÖZxK wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| c~Y© Kjm cuvPwU Dcv`vb‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| Kj‡mi me‡P‡q PIov Ask c„w_ex‡Kwb‡`©k K‡i, cÖmvwiZ †K›`ª Rj‡K wb‡`©k K‡i, Kj‡mi Nvo AwMœ‡K wb‡`©k K‡i, gy‡Li †Lvjv Ask evqy‡Kwb‡`©k K‡i Kj‡mi gy‡Li Dci bvwi‡Kj I Avgª cjøe‡K AvKvkev B_vi wn‡m‡e aiv nq|

3. cÖ`xc : c~Rvi GKwU DcKiY cÖ`xc| cÖ`xc m„ó Av‡jv mKjAÜKvi‡K `~i K‡i e‡j G‡K Áv‡bi cÖZxK wn‡m‡e aivnq| cÖ`xc Avgv‡ì Rxe‡bi Av‡jv I AvZ¥v‡K wb‡`©kK‡i|

4. k•L : k•L g½jm~PK c~Rv DcKiY hv m„wói cweÎ aŸwb m„wó K‡i| mgy‡ ª̀i k•L Nwoi KuvUvi g‡ZvWvb w`‡K AvewZ©Z n‡q mK‡ji Rb¨ Avkxe©v` cÖ`vb K‡i|Gi my‡ijv aŸwb †hb mKj‡K Áv‡bi RM‡Z, fw³i RM‡ZAvnŸvb RvbvqÑ†Zvgiv G‡mv, †èZvi Kv‡Q AvbZ nI,AvZ¥wb‡e`b K‡iv|

5. dz‡ji gvjv : †è-†èx‡ì m¤§vwbZ I mw¾Z Kivigv½wjK DcKiY wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq|

6. Avmb : †èZv‡ì emvi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq|

7. gyKzU : gyKzU †èZv‡ì D”P m¤§v‡bi cÖZxK|

8. cvb-mycvwi : mycvwii KwVb Ask Avgv‡ì Ang‡ev‡ai cÖZxK hv c~Rvi †k‡l †èZv ev †èxi Kv‡QAvZ¥mgc©Y Kiv nq|

9. Kc©~i : myMwÜ Kc©~iI c~Rvq eëüZ nq|

†è-†èx I c~Rv-cve©Y 47

10. M½vRj : †è-†èx‡K cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ Kivi Rb¨ cweÎ M½vi Rj eënvi Kiv nq| †Kbbv wn›`y ag©MÖš’

Abymv‡i M½vi Rj cweÎ| G-R‡j wewfbœ ai‡bi †ivM cxov fv‡jv Kivi ÿgZv we`¨gvb| G QvovI G-

Rj Ava¨vwZ¥K wPšÍv‡PZbv e„w× I êlwqK m¤úè„w×i mnvqK|

11. a~cKvwV : a~cKvwV Avgv‡ì B”Qvmg~n wb‡`©k K‡i hv †è-†èxi c~Rvi mgq we‡kl cv‡Î †i‡L cÖR¡wjZ Kiv

nq|

12. _vjv : _vjvq wewfbœ mvgMÖx c~Rvi D‡Ï‡k ivLv nq|

13. a~c : a~c GK ai‡bi myMÜhy³ †auvqv m„wóKvix c~Rv DcKiY hv Avgv‡ì‡K Lvivc kw³i cÖfve †_‡K gy³

K‡i e‡j we‡ePbv Kiv nq|

14 P›`b : P›`bKvV myMwÜ| P›`bKvV R‡j N‡l Aby‡jcb ˆZwi Kiv nq| P›`‡bi MÜ cweÎ cwi‡e‡kim„wóK‡i| G-Kvi‡YB †è-†èxi D‡Ï‡k mP›`b cy®ú ev wej¦cÎ wb‡e`b Kiv nq| P›`b GKwU

g½jRbK I bv›`wbK c~Rv-DcKiY|

15 Avwei : GK ai‡bi jvj is‡Oi ¸uov hv †è-†èx‡ì Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq|

16 Pvj : e¯‘MZ c~Rv DcKiY wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq|

17. †è-†èxi D‡Ï‡k ˆb‡e`¨ mgc©Y : dzj, dj, wgwóRvZxq Lv`¨ BZ¨vw` ˆb‡e`¨ wn‡m‡e cÖ`vb Kiv nq hv

†è-†èxi Kv‡Q Avgv‡ì AvZ¥mgc©Y I Av‡Z¥vrmM© Kiv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|

18. cÂviwZ : GKB mv‡_ cuvPwU cÖ`xc cÖR¡wjZ Kiv nq Ggb GKwU c~Rv-DcKiY|

19. NÈv : c~Rvq NÈv evRv‡bv nq| GKwU g½jRbK kãm„wóKvix c~Rv-DcKiY|

20. njy` : njy` cwiï× wPšÍv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i Ges gb‡K AvK©lY K‡i| G QvovI njy` †èx `yM©vi cÖZxK|

njy‡` †flR ¸Y i‡q‡Q|

21. cweÎ myZv : h‡Ái Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb nq|

GKK KvR : c~Rvi DcPvimg~‡ni bvg †jL|

bZzb kã : mgv_©K, wewPÎag©x, m¤úªxwZ, cÂviwZ|


cvV 3 I 4 : gbmv‡èxi cwiPq I c~Rvc×wZ

gbmv‡èxi cwiPqgbmv m‡c©i †èx| wZwb mc©Kz‡ji Rbbx| wZwb Avgv‡ì

mc©fq †_‡K iÿv K‡ib| wZwb De©iZv I mg„w×i †èx

wn‡m‡eI cwiwPZ| evsjv‡`kmn c~e© I cwðg fvi‡Z gbmv-

†èxi c~Rv Kiv nq| gbmv †jŠwKK †èx| c‡i †cŠivwYK

†èxiƒ‡c cwiMwYZ n‡q‡Qb| †èx gbmv welnwi bv‡gI

cwiwPZ| †Kbbv wZwb mv‡ci wel niY K‡i _v‡Kb| eªþvi

Dc‡`‡k Fwl ewkô mc©g‡š¿i m„wó K‡ib Ges Zuvi Zcm¨vi

Øviv gb †_‡K †mB g‡š¿i AwaôvÎx †èxiƒ‡c gbmvi Avwef©ve

N‡U| gb †_‡K mvKvi iƒc jvf K‡i‡Qb e‡j Gi bvg n‡q‡Q

gbmv| cyivY g‡Z, wZwb RMrKviy gywbi cZœx, Avw¯Í‡Ki gvZv

Ges mv‡ci ivRv evmywKi †evb| Zvui wcZvi bvg Kk¨cgywb

Ges gvZvi bvg Kv`ªæ (Kadru)| wZwb bvMgvZv bv‡gI

cwiwPZ|

gbmv‡èxi iƒc

AvK…wZMZ w`K †_‡K gbmv‡èxi PviwU nvZ i‡q‡Q Ges wZwb †MŠieY©v| Zvui Av‡iK bvg ZvB RM`&&‡MŠix|P‡›`ªi g‡Zv my›ì Ges cÖmbœ Zuvi gyLgÊj| AiyY e‡Y©i A_©vr †fv‡ii m~‡h©i Av‡jvi g‡Zv jvj i‡Oi Kvco wZwbcwiavb K‡ib| wZwb †mvbvi AjsKvi c‡i _v‡Kb| K‡qKUv mvc Zuv‡K Rwo‡q _v‡K, †hb Zuvi AjsKvi| nuvmZuvi evnb| cÖmbœ gy‡L wZwb nuv‡mi Ici e‡m _v‡Kb| G QvovI AvUwU mvc Zuvi nvZ, gyKzU I cv`‡`k wN‡i_v‡K|

gbmv-c~Rvc×wZ

Avlvp gv‡mi c~wY©gvi c‡ii wZw_‡K bvMcÂgx wZw_ e‡j| bvMcÂgx wZw_‡Z DVv‡b wmR MvQ ¯’vcb K‡i Zv‡Zgbmv‡èxi c~Rv Kiv nq| fv`ª gv‡mi K…òc‡ÿi cÂgx wZw_‡Z gbmv‡èxi c~Rv Kivi weavb i‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡bgbmv gw›`‡i gbmvi c~Rv Kiv nq| cvwievwiK ch©v‡q cvwievwiK gw›`‡i gbmv‡èxi c~Rv Kiv nq| G-c~Rv KivigyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv mv‡ci AvµgY †_‡K iÿv cvIqv| gbmvc~Rv Kivi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ c~Rvi g‡Zv mvaviY c~RvwewaAbymiY Ki‡Z nq| mvaviYfv‡e †èx gbmvi c~Rvc×wZ wn‡m‡e c~Rvi cÖvi‡¤¢ msKíMÖnY, gbmvi cÖwZgv¯’vcb, AvPgb, Pÿz`vb cÖf„wZ wewa AbymiY Ki‡Z nq| G QvovI gbmvc~Rvi †ÿ‡Î gbmvi a¨vb, Avevnb gš¿cvV Ges c~Rvgš¿cvV Ki‡Z nq| AZtci gbmv‡èx‡K mœvbgš¿ cvV K‡i mœvb Kiv‡Z nq Ges Aó bvMgš¿cv‡Vi gva¨‡g †èxi c~Rv Avi¤¢ Ki‡Z nq Ges †k‡l cy®cvÄwj I cÖYvgg‡š¿i gva¨‡g c~Rv mgvcb Ki‡Z nq|me‡k‡l mvaviYZ †èx cÖwZgv‡K wemR©b †Ìqv nq|


cvV 5 I 6 : gbmv‡èxi cÖYvggš¿ I gbmvc~Rvi wkÿv I cÖfve

gbmv‡èxi cÖYvggš¿Aw¯ÍKm¨ gy‡bg©vZv fwMbx-evmy‡K¯Í_v|RMrKviygy‡bt cZœx gbmv‡èx b‡gvn¯‘‡Z \

mijv_©

Avw¯ÍK gywbi gvZv, bvMivR evmyKxi fMœx, RiZKviy gywbi cZœx gbmv‡èx‡K cÖYvg Kwi|

gbmv‡èxi cÖfve I ¸iyZ¡

gbmv‡èxi c~Rv Ki‡j mv‡ci fq _v‡K bv| gbmv‡èxi gvnvZ¥¨ wb‡q A‡bK DcvL¨vb iwPZ n‡q‡Q| GmKjDcvL¨v‡b gbmv‡èx‡K c~Rv bv Kivi fqven cwiYvg Ges c~Rv Kivi mydj ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| gbmv‡èxi c~Rvi mgqGmKj DcvL¨vb †kvbv‡bv nq| Giƒc DcvL¨vb Aej¤̂‡b A‡bK cvjvMvbI iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ôgbmvi fvmvbÕGiKg GKwU cvjvMvb| G QvovI gbmvc~Rvi gva¨‡g wn›`yag©vej¤̂x‡ì g‡a¨ wewfbœ mvc m¤ú‡K© aviYv MÖn‡YimyÎcvZ N‡U| welai mv‡ci cÖ‡Kvc †_‡K iÿv cvIqvi Rb¨ wewfbœ c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv nq| d‡j mc©`sk‡bi NUbvKg msMwVZ n‡q _v‡K| G-c~Rvi g~j wkÿv n‡jv mc©‡K ekxf~ZKi‡Yi †KŠkj AvqË Kiv hvi gva¨‡g kÎy‡Kmyc‡_ wdwi‡q G‡b mgv‡R kvwšÍ cÖwZôv Kiv|

GKK KvR : gbmv‡èxi c~Rvi mydj¸‡jv †jL|

bZzb kã : cÖR¡wjZ, RM`&‡MŠix, bvMcÂgx, Kv`ªy|

cvV 7 I 8 : bvivqY †`‡ei cwiPq I c~Rv c×wZ

bvivqY †`‡ei cwiPq

weòzi mnmªbvg Abymv‡i fMevb weòzi 245Zg bvg bvivqY| wn›`yag© Abymv‡i bvivqY cieªþ, cigvZ¥v,ci‡gk¦i bv‡g cwiwPZ| bviv k‡ãi A_© gvbyl Ges Aqb(Ayana ) k‡ãi A_© Avkªq| myZivs bvivqY k‡ãi A_© n‡PQmKj Rx‡ei Rb¨ Avkªq¯’j| kªxg`&&fe`&&MxZv I cyivYAbymv‡i †èZv bivqY‡K me©‡kªô †èZv wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kivn‡q‡Q|

bvivqY †`‡ei eY©bv

wn›`yag©MÖš’ Abymv‡i fMevb weòz k¨vgeY©| Zuvi Pvi nvZwe`¨gvb Ges Pvi nv‡Z Pvi ai‡bi e¯‘ i‡q‡Q| GK nv‡Zi‡q‡Q cÙ, GKnv‡Z k•L, GK nv‡Z Pµ Ges Avi GK nv‡Zi‡q‡Q M`v| kªxg`&&fMe`&&MxZv Abymv‡i wZwb wek¦iƒc


(Vishvarup)| Zuvi mnawg©Yxi bvg †èx j²x| bvivqYB weòy ev nwi| wZwb G-we‡k¦i cvjbKZ©v| Zuvi evnbMiyo|

bvivqY c~Rvi D‡Ïk¨ : fMevb bvivqY mKj Rx‡ei Avkªq¯’j| bvivqY c~Rvi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv †èZvbvivq‡Yi Avkxe©v` jvf Kiv Ges bvivq‡Yi K…cvq cvwievwiK myL-kvwšÍ AR©b Kiv|

mgqKvj : †h-†Kv‡bv mgq ev gv‡m bvivqY c~Rv Kiv qvq| êkvL gv‡m bvivqY c~Rvi cÖPjb AwaK j¶ Kivhvq|

c~Rvc×wZ

cÖwZgviƒ‡c, kvjMÖvg wkjviƒ‡c, Zvgªcv‡Î ev R‡j bvivqY c~Rv Kiv nq| kvjMÖvg wkjv GKcÖKvi mvgyw ª̀K Rxevk¥hv fvi‡Zi MÊKx b`xi Zx‡i kvjMÖvg bvgK MÖv‡g cvIqv hvq| GB Rxevk¥wU †Mvj, Kv‡jv is‡Oi n‡q _v‡K| GBwkjv‡K bvivqY PµI ejv nq| bvivqY c~Rvq Ab¨vb¨ c~Rvi g‡ZvB mvaviY c~Rvwewa AbymiY Ki‡Z nq| Zviciwe‡klfv‡e wba©vwiZ g‡š¿ bvivq‡Yi c~Rv Kiv nq| mvaviYZ bvivqY c~Rvi Rb¨ mv`v dz‡ji cÖ‡qvRb nq|ZzjmxcvZv bvivq‡Yi wcÖq|

cvV 9 I 10 : bvivq‡Yi cÖYvggš¿ I bvivqY c~Rvi wk¶v I cÖfve

bvivq‡Yi cÖYvg gš¿

Iu b‡gv eªvþY¨‡èvq †MveªvþYwnZvq P|

RMw×Zvq K…òvq †Mvwe›`vq b‡gv bgt |

mijv©_ : bvivqY eªvþY¨‡è| wZwb K…ò, wZwb †Mvwe›`| wZwb c„w_ex, eªvþY I RM‡Zi wnZmvab K‡ib| Zuv‡Kevievi bg¯‹vi RvbvB|

bvivqY c~Rvi wk¶v I cÖfve

bvivqY cvj‡bi †èZv| ZvB bvivqY †`‡ei KvQ †_‡K Avgiv Avgv‡ì mšÍvbmšÍwZ Z_v mKj Rxe‡K `vwq‡Z¡im‡½ cvjb Kivi wkÿv cvB| bvivqY †è `y‡ói `gb K‡ib| AvgivI cÖ‡qvR‡b `y‡ói `gb Kie, G-wkÿvIbvivqY c~Rvi ga¨ w`‡q Avgiv jvf Kwi|

bvivqY‡K ¯§iY Ki‡j cvc `~ixf~Z nq| ü`q cweÎ nq| g‡b kw³i mÂvi nq| bvivqY Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjbKvix†èZv| wZwb Avgv‡ì †`‡ni g‡a¨ AvZ¥vi~‡c weivR Ki‡Qb| bvivqY c~Rvi gva¨‡g f‡³iv fMevb bvivq‡YiAvkxe©v` jvf K‡i _v‡Kb| Zuvi Avkxe©v` f³‡ì ˆ`bw›`b Rxeb‡K myL I mg„w×‡Z f‡i Zzj‡Z mnvqK fywgKvcvjb K‡i _v‡K| bvivqY c~Rvi d‡j gvby‡li g‡a¨ kvwšÍ cÖwZwôZ nq| f³MY kvwšÍi Rb¨ cig kª×vf‡ifMevb bvivq‡Yi Dcvmbv K‡ib Ges Zuvi gwngv KxZ©b K‡ib|

GKK KvR : bvivqY c~Rvi cuvPwU cÖfve †jL|

bZzb kã : kvjMÖvg wkjv, MÊKx, Rxevk¥, Zv¤ªcvÎ|


cvV 11 I 12 : kwb‡`‡ei cwiPq I c~Rvc×wZ

kwb‡`‡ei cwiPq

wn›`ya‡g© Ab¨vb¨ †èZvi g‡Zv kwb‡èI GKRb Dcvm¨†èZv| kwb †èZv m~h© I Qvqvi cyÎ| wZwb beMÖ‡niAb¨Zg| Rxe‡b Pjvi †ÿ‡Î †hmKj evavwecwË N‡U,kwb‡è Zv `~i K‡i _v‡Kb| ZvB wn›`y ag©vej¤^xivwb‡R‡ì‡K evavwecwËi nvZ †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨kwbi c~Rv K‡i _v‡Kb|

kwb‡`‡ei eY©bv

kwbi Mv‡qi is Kv‡jv Ges Kv‡jv †cvkvK cwiwnZ| Zuvi nv‡Z Zievwi, Zxi, Lo&M †`Lv hvq Ges KvK Zvuievnb|

kwb‡`‡ei c~Rv

mgqKvj : kwb †èZvi bvg Abymv‡i kwbev‡i kwbi c~Rv Kiv nq|

kwb c~Rvi D‡Ïk¨ : G-c~Rv Kivi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jvÑ kwb †èZv‡K mšyÍô ivLv, wewfbœ ai‡bi †ivM-cxov †_‡K gy³_vKv Ges g‡b kvwšÍ eRvq ivLv|

kwb‡`‡ei c~Rvc×wZ

mvaviYZ c~Rv gw›`‡i ev cvwievwiK ch©v‡q m~h©v‡¯Í kwbc~Rvi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| c~Rv Av‡qvR‡bi †¶‡Î Ab¨vb¨c~Rvi g‡Zv mKj ai‡bi cweÎZv I wewa AbymiY Kiv nq| cvwievwiK ch©v‡q kwbc~Rv Av‡qvR‡bi †¶‡Î evwoiAvwObv‡K †e‡Q †bIqv nq Ges kwb‡`‡ei cuvPvwj c‡o kwbc~Rv Kiv nq| gš¿cv‡Vi gva¨‡gI kwbc~Rv Kiv n‡q_v‡K| mvaviYZ M„‡ni Af¨šÍ‡i kwbc~Rv Kiv nq bv Ges cvov-cÖwZ‡ekx‡ì‡K c~Rv Abyôv‡b †hvM`v‡bi RbÄvgš¿Y Ki‡Z nq| kwbc~Rvq kwbi †fvM wn‡m‡e cuvP cÖKv‡ii FZzwfwËK dj Ges cuvP iK‡gi dzj wb‡e`bKiv nq| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv AÂ‡j cÖmv` wn‡m‡e wLPzwo, `ya, wPwb, evZvmv, Kjv, ¸o, wgóvbœ I gq`vi djviAv‡qvRb Kiv nq| wLPzwo cÖ¯‘‡Zi †¶‡Î gy‡Mi Wvj eënvi Ki‡Z nq| G QvovI c~Rvi DcKiY wn‡m‡e cvb-mycvwi, gayi evwU, gvlKjvB, Kv‡jv wZj, †e¸wb ev Kv‡jv i‡Oi dy‡ji cÖ‡qvRb nq| kwbc~Rv‡k‡l cÖmv` weZiYKiv nq|

cvV 13 I 14 : kwb‡`‡ei c~Rvi cÖYvg gš¿ I kwbc~Rvi wk¶v I cÖfve

kwb‡`‡ei cÖYvg gš¿

Iu bxjvÄbPqcÖL¨s iwem~Z-gnvMÖng&& |

Qvqvqv Mf©m¤¢~Zs Z¡s bgvwg k‰bðig&&\


mijv_©

†Zvgvi †`n K…òeY©, Zzwg m~h©‡èZvi cyÎ, Qvqvi M‡f© †Zvgvi Rb¥, Zzwg Avgvi cÖYvg MÖnY K‡iv|

kwb‡èZvi wk¶v I cÖfve

kwb‡`‡ei c~Rv Ki‡j Avgv‡ì Avc`-wec` `~i nq| Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡nxbZv, AcweÎZv I cv‡ci Kvi‡Y kwb‡èLye iyó nb| ZLb Avgiv Kó cvB| K‡ói ga¨ w`‡q Avgv‡ì Dcjwä N‡U| Avgiv ZLb `vwqZ¡kxjZv IcweÎZvi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvMx nB| gv †hgb mšÍvb‡K Mfxi fv‡jvevmv m‡Ë¡I ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ kvw¯Í †`b, †Zgwbkwb‡èI KLbI KLbI Avgv‡ì Kó w`‡q ms‡kvab K‡ib Ges Aa‡g©i c_ †_‡K ag©c‡_ wdwi‡q Av‡bb| ZvBcÖwZ mßv‡n kwbevi kwbc~Rv Kiv wn›`y‡ì GKwU wbqwgZ ag©K…Z¨|

`jxq KvR : kwb‡`‡ei c~Rvq eëüZ DcPv‡ii GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : beMÖn, cuvPvwj, K…òeY©|

Abykxjbx

k~b¨¯’vb c~iY Ki :

1. mvaviYZ M„‡ni .................. kwbc~Rv Kiv hvq bv|

2. c~RvmvgMÖx‡K ..................... ev .................... e‡j|

3. ............... Ávcb Kiv‡K c~Rv e‡j|

4. k•L ................. c~Rv DcKiY|

5. ................. †_‡K mvKvi i~c jvf K‡i‡Q e‡j Gi bvg gbmv|


evg cvk Wvb cvk

1. cve©Y k‡ãi A_© gnvwek¦‡K wb‡`©k K‡i

2. bvivq‡Yi cÖwZK…wZ c„w_ex‡K wb‡`©k K‡i

3. Kj‡mi me‡P‡q PIov Ask kwb †èZv

4. AvgcvZv I bvwi‡Kj Drme

5. m~h© I Qvqvi cyÎ kvjMÖvg wkjv


wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi mswÿß DËi `vI :

1. †è-†èxi c~Rv †Kb Kiv nq e¨vL¨v Ki|

2. ˆb‡e`¨ ej‡Z Kx †evS ?

3. bvivqY c~Rvi wZbwU mydj e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. kvjMÖvg wkjv Kx ?

5. kwb‡`‡ei c~Rvq Kx Kx DcKiY eënvi Kiv nq e¨vL¨v Ki|


1. mgvRRxe‡b bvivqY c~Rvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki|

2. †è-†èxi c~Rvq wewfbœ DcPvi eënv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v K‡i Gi GKwU ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Z Ki|

3. cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK Rxe‡b gbmvc~Rvi cÖfve we‡kølY Ki|


1. gbmv c~Rv Kiv nq †Kvb wZw_‡Z ?

K. kÖxcÂgx L. bvM cÂgx

M. K…òv Î‡qv`kx N. ïK¬v Aógx

2. †è-†èxi c~Rvq DcPvi wb‡e`‡bi Zvrch© n‡jvÑ

i. c~Rv‡K Avb›``vqK Kiv

ii. g‡bi GKvMÖZv e„w× Kiv

iii. wewam¤§Z c~Rv mgvcb Kiv


K. i L. ii



AiYxi gv kvixwiK Amy¯’ _vKvq kwbevi mÜ¨vq AiYx‡K c~Rvwewa bv †R‡bB evwoi DVv‡b kwb c~Rvi Av‡qvRbKi‡Z nq| c~Rvi D‡Ï‡k¨ AiYx Pvi iK‡gi dzj I dj msMÖn K‡i| cieZx© mg‡q wewfbœ DcPvi mn‡hv‡Mc~Rvi cuvPvwj c‡o c~Rv m¤úbœ K‡i Dcw¯’Z mK‡ji g‡a¨ cÖmv` weZiY K‡i| wKšÍy c~RvwU wewam¤§Zfv‡e n‡q‡QwKbv G wb‡q AiYxi g‡b mskq †_‡K hvq Ges †m gvbwmK AkvwšÍ‡Z †fv‡M|


3. c~Rvwewa Abymv‡i kwbc~Rvq AiYxi KZ iK‡gi dzj I dj wb‡e`‡bi cÖ‡qvRb wQj ?

K. `yB L. wZb

M. Pvi N. cuvP

4. AiYxi gvbwmK Ø‡›Øi KviY¸‡jv n‡jv Ñ

i. `vwqZ¡nxbZv

ii. ÎæwUgy³fv‡e c~Rv m¤úbœ bv Kiv

iii. kwb‡è iyó n‡Z cv‡ib GB fvebv|


K. i L. i I ii


m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

Zb¥q‡ì evwo‡Z cÖwZeQi gbmvc~Rvi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| G-c~Rv‡K †K›`ª K‡i GjvKvi cÖwZ evwo‡ZBP‡j Drme I cvwievwiK bvbv Av‡qvRb| cy‡ivwnZ mswÿß DcPvi wb‡e`‡b c~Rvc×wZi GK ch©v‡qckyewj`vb K‡ib Ges c~Rv m¤úbœ K‡ib| ewj`v‡b Zb¥‡qi g‡b bvbv cÖ‡kœi Rb¥ †`q, †Kb RxenZ¨v, KxZvi wkÿv? G-mgvRRxe‡b G-c~Rvq kvwšÍi c_ Kx ?

K. †Kvb †èx‡K mc©Kz‡ji Rbbx ejv nq ?

L. c~Rvq DcPvi wb‡e`‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. cy‡ivwnZ Kxfv‡e gbmvc~Rv m¤úbœ K‡ib ? †Zvgvi cwVZ c~Rvwewai Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. Zb¥‡qi g‡bi cÖkœ¸‡jvi mgvavb D³ c~Rvi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki|


lô Aa¨vqagx©q DcvL¨v‡b ˆbwZK wkÿv

bxwZ ev ˆbwZKZv a‡g©i A½ Ges bxwZ-m¤úwK©Z wkÿv‡K ˆbwZK wkÿv e‡j| hZ wkÿvB MÖnY Kiv †nvK bv†Kb, hw` ˆbwZKZv M‡o bv I‡V, †m-wkÿv g~j¨nxb|

wn›`yag©welqK MÖš’mg~‡n DcvL¨v‡bi ga¨ w`‡qI ˆbwZK wkÿv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| G-Aa¨v‡q Avgiv †`k‡cÖg IˆbwZK ¸‡Yi aviYv D³ wel‡q agx©q DcvL¨vb Ges e¨w³, mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b †`k‡cÖg I Aaëmv‡qi ¸iyZ¡m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Rvbe|


•� †`k‡cÖg I Aaëmvq aviYv `ywU e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� ag©MÖš’ †_‡K †`k†cÖg I Aaëmv‡qi `„óvšÍg~jK DcvL¨vb eY©bv Ki‡Z cvie

•� DcvL¨v‡b ewY©Z NUbvi wkÿv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� e¨w³, mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b †`k‡cÖg I Aaëmv‡qi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� †`k‡cÖg I Aaëmv‡qi ¸iyZ¡ Dcjwä K‡i wbR AvPi‡Y Zvi cÖwZdjb NUv‡Z cvie|

cvV 1 : †`k‡cÖg

†`k‡cÖg ej‡Z †evSvq †`‡ki cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv| gvbyl †h-†`‡k Rb¥MÖnY K‡i, Zvi gvwU-Rj-Av‡jv-evZvm Zvi†`n‡K cyó K‡i, Zv‡K euvwP‡q iv‡L| eo n‡q gvbyl Zvi gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ ggZv Abyfe K‡i| gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ GBggZ¡‡evaB †`k‡cÖg| †`k I RvwZi g½‡ji Rb¨ wb‡R‡K DrmM© Kivi bvgB †`k†cÖg| †`k‡cÖg a‡g©i A½|ag©MÖ‡š’ ejv n‡q‡QÑ ÔRbbx Rb¥f~wgð ¯^M©v`wc Mixqmx|Õ A_©vr Rbbx I Rb¥f~wg ¯^‡M©i †P‡qI eo| ZvB whwb†`k†cÖwgK, wZwb †`‡ki ¯^v_©‡K e¨w³¯^v‡_©i E‡aŸ© ¯’vb †`b| wZwb memgq †`k I †`kevmxi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ KvRK‡i _v‡Kb| †`‡ki †Kv‡bv wec‡` †`k†cÖwgK KL‡bv bxie _vK‡Z cv‡ib bv| wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi wewbg‡qI wZwb†m-wec‡` Suvwc‡q c‡ob| †`‡ki g½‡ji Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wb‡Ri Rxeb wemR©b w`‡ZI wØav‡eva K‡ib bv|†`k‡cÖg gvbe Rxe‡bi GKwU gnr ¸Y| c„w_ex‡Z hZ gnvcyiyl Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb, mK‡jB wQ‡jb †`k†cÖwgK|

†cŠivwYK hy‡M Rbv, we`yjv, KvZ©exh©vR©yb cÖgyL †`k‡cÖ‡gi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| GKv‡j G-gnv‡`‡k gnvZ¥v MvÜx,ÿzwìvg, gv÷vi`v m~h©‡mb, cÖxwZjZv, ivwb ivmgwY, wPËiÄb `vm, evNv hZxb, iwdK, mvjvg, eiKZ, ReŸvi,e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb, Rvnvbviv Bgvgmn AviI A‡b‡Ki bvg Kiv hvq, huviv †`k‡cÖ‡gi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb|†`k I RvwZi Rb¨ Zuv‡ì Ae`vb ¯^Y©vÿ‡i BwZnv‡mi cvZvq †jLv Av‡Q| gvbyl Zuv‡ì ¯§iY K‡i, Zuv‡ìcÖ`wk©Z c‡_ Pj‡Z †Póv K‡i|

GKK KvR : †Zvgvi Rvbv GKRb †`k‡cÖwg‡Ki Ae`vb m¤ú‡K© cuvPwU evK¨ †jL|

bZzb kã : ggZ¡‡eva, ¯^M©v`wc, Mixqmx, wemR©b, ¯^Y©vÿi, cÖ`wk©Z|

cvV 2 I 3 : KvZ©exh©vR©y‡bi †`k‡cÖgcÖvPxbKv‡j P›`ªeskxq GK ivRv wQ‡jb| Zuvi bvg KvZ©exh©vR©yb| wZwb wQ‡jb †hgb KZ©e¨civqY, †Zgwb exi I

†`k‡cÖwgK| ivRKv‡h©i K¬vwšÍ `~i Kivi Rb¨ wZwb GKevi ivRavbxi evB‡i AeKvk hvcb KiwQ‡jb|

¸ßP‡ii gy‡L G-Lei †c‡q j¼vi ivRv iveY my‡hvM ey‡S Zuvi ivR¨ AvµgY Ki‡jb| KvZ©exh©vR©y‡bi GK

†mbvbvq‡Ki †bZ„‡Z¡ †Nvi hy× ïiy n‡jv| GiB g‡a¨ msev` †cuŠQv‡bv n‡jv gnvivR KvZxexh©R©y‡bi Kv‡Q| ï‡b

gnvivR †µv‡a Av¸‡bi g‡Zv R¡‡j DV‡jb :

Kx ! Avgvi ivR¨ AvµvšÍ! Avgvi gvZ…f~wg kÎyi welv³ wbk¦v‡m wech©¯Í ! Avwg GLbB hy‡× hve|

GK_v †f‡e ivRv KvZ©exh©vR©yb AeKvk hvcb ¯’wMZ K‡i †mvRv hy×‡ÿ‡Î P‡j †M‡jb| `viyY hy× ïiy n‡jv|

GKcÿ AvµgYKvix| Av‡iKcÿ AvµvšÍ, wKš‘ †`k‡cÖ‡g DØy×| civwRZ n‡j †`k n‡e civaxb| ZvB ˆmb¨MY

KvZ©exh©vR©y‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ cÖvYcY hy× Kij| Ae‡k‡l Rq n‡jv KvZ©exhv©R©y‡bi| iveY civwRZ n‡q ew›` n‡jb

KvZ©exh©vRy©‡bi nv‡Z| ¯̂‡M© GB evZv© †cuŠ‡Q †Mj| K_vUv gnvgywb cyj‡¯Íï Kv‡b †Mj| G-mgq wZwb ¯̂M©‡jv‡K

wQ‡jb| iveY cyj‡¯Íï bvwZ| ZvB Zuvi Lye `ytL n‡jv| wZwb ¯^M© †_‡K P‡j G‡jb KvZ©exh©vRy©‡bi ivRmfvq|

agx©q DcvL¨v‡b ˆbwZK wkÿv 57

KvZ©exh©vRy©b gnvgywb cyj¯Z¨‡K †`‡L h_v‡hvM¨ gh©v`v w`‡q e‡j‡jb, ÔwK †mŠfvM¨ Avgvi, †gN bv PvB‡ZB RjÕÑGB e‡j wZwb cyj¯Í¨‡K mvóv‡½ cÖYvg Ki‡jb|

KvZ©exhv©R©y‡bi cÖwZ mšÍyó n‡q cyj¯Z¨gywb ej‡jb, ÔZzwg †èZv‡ì wcÖq| wÎfyeb †Zvgvi hkKxZ©‡b gyLwiZ|iveY Avgvi bvwZ| Zv‡K civwRZ K‡i Zzwg ew›` K‡i KvivMv‡i †i‡LQ| Avwg Zvi gyw³ PvB, erm|Õ

KxZ©exh©vRy©b ej‡jb, ÔiveY Avgvi ivR¨ AvµgY K‡iwQj| Avgvi †`k‡cÖwgK †hv×viv Zv‡K cÖwZnZ K‡i‡Q|Õ

ï‡b cyj¯Í¨ ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgvi Mfxi †`k‡cÖg Avi exi‡Z¡i Kv‡Q iveY civwRZ n‡q‡Q|Õ

KvZ©exh©vR©yb ej‡jb, ÔAvcwb cig kª‡×q| Avcwb hLb ive‡Yi gyw³ PvB‡jb, ZLb Zv‡K gyw³ w`‡q Avwg ab¨n‡Z PvB|Õ

iveY gyw³ †c‡jb|

iveY Zuvi Aciva ¯^xKvi Ki‡jb Ges AebZ g¯Í‡K ùvwo‡q iB‡jb|

cyj¯Í¨ ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgv‡ì Df‡qi Kj¨vY †nvK|Õ

cyj‡¯Íï gva¨‡g AwMœmvÿx K‡i KvZ©exh©vR©y‡bi mv‡_ ive‡Yi ˆgÎx ¯’vwcZ n‡jv| cyj¯Í¨ we`vq PvB‡jb Zuv‡ìKv‡Q| KvZ©exh©vRy©b Avi iveY mvóv‡½ cÖYvg K‡i we`vq Rvbv‡jb gnvgywb cyj¯Í¨‡K|

cyj¯Í¨ P‡j †M‡jb ¯^‡M©| iveY wd‡i †M‡jb Zuvi wb‡Ri iv‡R¨|


KvZ©exh©vRy©b †P‡q iB‡jb Zuv‡ì Mgbc‡_i w`‡K| Zuvi †Pv‡L coj k¨vgj cÖvšÍi| GB Zvui †`k, Zuvi ¯̂vaxbivR¨| Avb‡›`-Av‡e‡M f‡i DVj KvZ©exh©vR©y‡bi ü`q|

DcvL¨v‡bi wkÿv : Ô†`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ ¯̂v_©Z¨vM K‡i hviv hy× K‡i, Zuviv †`k‡cÖwgK|Õ

`jxq KvR : KvZ©exh©vR©y‡bi †`k‡cÖg DcvL¨v‡bi wkÿvi cÖv‡qvwMK w`K wPwýZ Ki|

bZzb kã : KvZ©exh©vRy©b, ¸ßPi, AeKvk, DØy×, evZ©v, cyj¯Í¨, mvóv‡½|

cvV 4 : mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b †`k‡cÖ‡gi ¸iyZ¡

†`k‡cÖg a‡g©i A½| †`k‡cÖ‡g DØy× gvbyl †`k I mgv‡Ri g½‡ji Rb¨ wb‡Ri ¯̂v_©eyw×i Dc‡i D‡V c‡iiwnZv‡_© KvR K‡ib| GUvB Zuvi Rxe‡bi eªZ| †`k‡cÖ‡g DØy× n‡q gvbyl Zvi ab-Rb GgbwK Rxeb ch©šÍDrmM© Ki‡Z wØav‡eva K‡ib bv| †`‡ki hLb msKUKvj Dcw¯’Z nq, hLb †`k ewntkÎy Øviv AvµvšÍ nq,†`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv nq wech©¯Í, hLb civaxbZv gvbyl‡K k„•LwjZ Ki‡Z Pvq, hLb we‡`wk kvm‡Ki i³Pÿz †`k IRvwZ‡K aŸs‡mi gy‡L †V‡j †`q, ZLbB gvbyl †`k‡cÖ‡gi AwMœg‡š¿ `xÿv wb‡q †`‡ki Rb¨, †`‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨Suvwc‡q c‡ob Ges †`‡ki gh©v`v iÿvq AKvZ‡i Rxeb wemR©b †`b|

¯^vaxbZv msMÖg I RvZxqZv‡eva n‡jv †`k‡cÖ‡gi cÖavb Drm| ¯̂vaxbZvi Rb¨ KZ ex‡ii AvZ¥ewj`v‡b ¯̂‡`‡kigvwU nq i‡³ ivOv| 1971 m‡b evsjv‡`‡ki ¯̂vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi BwZnvm †Zv †`k‡cÖ‡giB GK RjšÍ `„óvšÍ|†`‡k‡cÖ‡gi AwMœgš¿B jÿ jÿ evOvwj‡K Zv‡ì Rxeb DrmM© Ki‡Z DØy× K‡iwQj|

¯^‡`‡ki †h-†Kv‡bv †MŠi‡e †`k‡cÖwgKgvÎB Me©‡eva K‡ib| †Zgwb †`‡ki `yw`©‡b ev Lvivc mg‡q kw¼Z wP‡ËD‡ØM cÖKvk K‡ib Ges wbtk‡Z© AvZ¥Z¨vM Ki‡ZI KzwÉZ nb bv| †`‡ki ¯̂vaxbZv I mve©‡fŠgZ¡ iÿvq wbwØ©avqRxeb‡K DrmM© K‡ib| hy‡M hy‡M †`k‡cÖwg‡Kiv †`‡ki Rb¨, mgv‡Ri g½‡ji Rb¨ wb‡R‡ì Rxeb DrmM©Kivi weij `„óvšÍ ¯’vcb K‡i †M‡Qb| wn›`yag© MÖ‡š’ †`k‡cÖg‡K AZ¨šÍ ¸iyZ¡ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

ïay ewntkÎyi AvµgY †_‡K †`k‡K iÿv KivB bq, †`‡ki g½‡ji Rb¨ KvR KivI †`k‡cÖg| †`‡ki m¤úìÿv KivI †`k‡cÖg| †`‡ki DbœwZi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvjb Kivi ga¨ w`‡qI †`k‡cÖ‡gi cÖKvk N‡U| ivóªhv‡Z mwVKfv‡e k„•Ljvi ga¨ w`‡q cwiPvwjZ nq, †mRb¨ †hvM¨ bvMwiK wn‡m‡e †`k‡cÖwgK ewjô f~wgKv cvjbK‡ib| wb‡Ri †`‡ki Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨B `ÿ bvMwiK wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K M‡o Zzj‡Z nq| †Kej wb‡Ri ev wb‡Ricwiev‡ii ¯^v_© †`L‡jB P‡j bv, mgvR I iv‡óªi Kj¨v‡Yi K_vI fve‡Z nq| mgvR Z_v iv‡óªi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨m`v m‡Pó _vK‡Z nq| Gi bvgI †`k‡cÖg| Z¨vM I wZwZÿvi ga¨ w`‡q †`k‡cÖg bvgK ˆbwZK ¸YwU AR©bKi‡Z nq|

†`k‡cÖg gvbyl‡K D`vi K‡i, †`‡ki gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z DØy× K‡i, AvZ¥myL wemR©b †Ìqvi †cÖiYv `vbK‡i| †`k‡cÖg gbyl¨‡Z¡i cwiPvqK| hvi g‡a¨ †`k‡cÖg †bB Zv‡K h_v_© gvbyl ejv hvq bv| AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªK gvbyl

mvaviYZ †`k‡cÖwgK nq bv| †`k‡cÖwgK †`‡ki m¤ú`, †`‡ki ¯^v_©, †`‡ki ghv©`v cÖf„wZ‡K wb‡Ri m¤ú`,

wb‡Ri ¯^v_© I wb‡Ri gh©v`v e‡j g‡b K‡ib| ZvB †`‡ki Rb¨, †`‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨, †`‡ki gh©v`viÿvq

Av‡Z¥vrmM© Ki‡ZI wcQcv nb bv| †`‡ki gh©v`v iÿv Ki‡Z hy‡× kwn` n‡j Aÿq ¯^M© jvf nq|


civaxbZv e¨w³‡K k„•LwjZ K‡i iv‡L| mgv‡Ri AMÖMwZ Zv‡Z e¨vnZ nq| ivóªxq Kg©Kv‡Ê civaxb e¨w³i †Kv‡bv

f~wgKv _v‡K bv| ZvB ivóªxq Rxe‡b †`k‡cÖ‡gi f~wgKv AZ¨šÍ ¸iyZ¡c~Y©|

myZivs Avgiv †`k‡cÖwgK ne Ges †`‡ki Rb¨ m‡e©v”P Z¨vM ¯̂xKvi Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z _vKe| †`‡ki Rb¨, †`‡ki

gvby‡li g½‡ji Rb¨ wb‡Ri Rxeb DrmM© Ki‡ZI KzwÉZ ne bv|

bZzb kã : wnZv‡_©, DrmM©, k„•LwjZ, AvZ¥ewj`vb, wcQcv|

cvV 5 : Aaëmvq

†Kv‡bv jÿ¨ AR©‡b we‡kl hZœmnKv‡i K‡Vvi mvabvi ga¨ w`‡q evievi †Póv Kivi bvgB Aaëmvq| Aaëmvq

n‡”Q KwZcq ¸‡Yi mgwó| †Póv, D‡`¨vM, AvšÍwiKZv, cwikªg, âh©, mwnòzZv, GKvMÖZv BZ¨vw` ¸‡Yi mgš̂‡q

Aaëmvq bvgK ˆbwZK ¸YwU M‡o I‡V| mr msKí‡K ev¯Íe iƒc`v‡bi Rb¨ K‡Vvi cwikªg Avi â‡h©i ga¨ w`‡q

CwáZ j‡ÿ¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi g‡a¨B Aaëmv‡qi mv_©KZv wbwnZ| Aaëmv‡qi ¸‡YB gvbyl eo nq| Amva¨ mvab

Ki‡Z cv‡i| Aaëmvq a‡g©iI A½| ag©MÖ‡š’ Aaëmvq‡K GKwU we‡kl PvwiwÎ¨K êwkó¨ wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv

n‡q‡Q|

QvÎRxe‡b Aaëmv‡qi ¸iyZ¡ me©vwaK| QvÎRxeb Avi Aaëmvq GKB m~‡Î Muv_v| we`¨vR©‡bi c_ Kzmygv¯ÍxY© bq|

Ajm, Kg©wegyL I nZvk wkÿv_©x KLbI we`¨vjv‡f mdjZv AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GKRb Aaëmvqx wkÿv_©x

Aí †gavm¤úbœ n‡jI Zvi c‡ÿ mvdj¨ AR©b Kiv KwVb bq| Kv‡RB AK…ZKvh© wkÿv_x©‡K nZvk bv n‡q cybivq

wØ¸Y Drmvn wb‡q Aaëmv‡q g‡bvwb‡ek Kiv DwPZ| †h-e¨w³ Aaëmvqx bq, †m Rxe‡bi †Kv‡bv mvaviY Kv‡RI

mdjZv jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Rxe‡bi mdjZv Ges wedjZv A‡bKvs‡k Aaëmv‡qi DciB wbf©i K‡i| g‡b

ivL‡Z n‡e RxebmsMÖv‡g mvdj¨jv‡fi g~jgš¿ n‡”Q Aaëmvq| ïay Aaëmv‡qi e‡jB iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi,

RM`xkP›`ª emy, KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg, †b‡cvwjqvb †evbvcvU©, ievU© eªæm cÖgyL gbxlx RM‡Z weL¨vZ n‡q‡Qb|

ZvB Avgv‡ì mK‡jiB DwPZ Aaëmv‡qi g‡Zv gnr ¸YwU‡K AvqË Kiv|

`jxq KvR : Aaëmvq ¸YwUi cÖfve wj‡L GKwU †cv÷vi ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : mwnòzZv, g‡bvwb‡ek, Kzmygv¯ÍxY©|

cvV 6 : Aaëmvqx GKje¨

A‡bKKvj Av‡Mi K_v| ZLb nw¯Íbvcy‡ii Kv‡Q GK Mfxi AiY¨ wQj| †mLv‡b evm Ki‡Zb wblv`‡ì ivRvwniYäby| Zuvi cyÎ GKje¨|

Zuvi B‡PQ n‡jv, nw¯Zbvcyi bM‡i wM‡q A¯¿¸iy †`ªvYvPv‡h©i KvQ †_‡K A¯¿we`¨v wkL‡eb|


†m-mg‡q nw¯Íbvcy‡ii ivRv wQ‡jb a„Zivóª| hywawôi, fxg, AR©yb, bKzj, mn‡è cÖgyL cvÊycyÎMY Ges `y‡hv©ab,`ytkvmbmn a„Ziv‡óªi Ab¨vb¨ cyÎMY‡K A¯¿we`¨v wkÿv w`‡Zb † ª̀vYvPvh©| a„Ziv‡óªi cyÎ‡ì ejv nq †KŠie AvicvÊyi cyÎ‡ì ejv nq cvÊe|

GKw`b †`ªvYvPvh© Kziy-cvÊe‡ì A¯¿wkÿv w`‡PQb| Ggb mgq †mLv‡b GKje¨ G‡m Dcw¯’Z n‡jb| Zuvi Kuv‡aabyK, nv‡Z Zxi, gv_vq cvwLi cvjK, ci‡b eéj| wZwb †`vYvPvh©‡K mvóv‡½ cÖYvg K‡i ej‡jb, Ô¸iy‡è, AvwgAvcbvi wbKU A¯¿we`¨v wkL‡Z PvB|Õ

†`ªvYvPvh© Zvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgvi cwiPq Kx?Õ

GKje¨ ej‡jb, ÔAvwg wblv` eskxq| †jv‡K Avgv‡ì e¨va e‡j| GLvb †_‡K `~‡i Ai‡Y¨ Avgvi evm|Õ

†`ªvYvPvh© ej‡jb, Ôerm, GLv‡b Avwg ïay ivRcyÎ‡ì A¯¿we`¨v wkÿv w`‡q _vwK| †Zvgv‡K A¯¿we`¨v wkÿv†Ìqv m¤¢e bq|Õ

GK_v ï‡b GKje¨ fxlYfv‡e `ytwLZ I ggv©nZ n‡jb| g‡bi `yt‡L wZwb e‡b wd‡i †M‡jb| Mfxi e‡b cÖ‡ekK‡i GKje¨ jZv-cvZv w`‡q GKwU KzwUi wbg©vY Ki‡jb| Zvici wZwb gvwU w`‡q †`ªvYvPv‡h©i GKwU g~wZ© wbg©vYKi‡jb| †`ªvYvPvh©‡K g‡b g‡b ¸iy †g‡b Zuvi g~wZ©i m¤§y‡L wZwb Anwb©k Zxi-abyK wb‡q A¯¿we`¨v wkÿv Ki‡ZjvM‡jb| K‡Vvi Aaëmvq, wbijm cwikªg Avi µgvMZ Abykxj‡bi Øviv wZwb abywe©`¨vi cÖvq mKj cÖKviKjv‡KŠkj AvqË K‡i †dj‡jb|

G-mg‡q GKw`b A¯¿¸iy †`ªvYvPvh© Kziy-cvÊe‡ì wb‡q Zuv‡ì A¯¿we`¨v wkÿvi cixÿv wb‡Z Mfxi e‡b†M‡jb| †mLv‡b QvDwb †d‡j Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb| Zuv‡ì mv‡_ GKwU cÖwkÿYcÖvß KzKzi wQj| AcwiwPZ KvD‡K†`L‡jB KzKziwU D”P¯^‡i †ND‡ND kã K‡i wPrKvi KiZ|

KvKZvjxqfv‡e wkwe‡ii Aí `~‡iB wQj GKj‡eï mvabvi ¯’vb| GKje¨ Mfxi g‡bvwb‡e‡k A¯¿we`¨v wkÿvqe¨¯Í| Ggb mgq KzKziwU †mLv‡b G‡m DPP¯̂‡i †ND‡ND K‡i wPrKvi Ki‡Z jvMj| GKj‡eï mvabv †f‡O†Mj| wZwb mvZwU evY wb‡ÿc K‡i KzKziwUi gyL eÜ K‡i w`‡jb| †m-Ae¯’vq KzKziwU † ª̀vYvPv‡h©i QvDwb‡Zwd‡i †Mj| ZLb Dcw¯’Z mK‡jB jÿ Ki‡jb KzKziwU Avi kã Ki‡Q bv| hywawôi KyKziwUi gyL cixÿv K‡i†`L‡jb †KD evY wb‡ÿc K‡i KzKziwU‡K ¯Íä K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Zuviv mK‡jB wew¯§Z n‡jb| KzKziwUi †cQb †cQbZuviv †cŠu‡Q †M‡jb GKj‡eï Kv‡Q Ges wd‡i G‡m Zuvi K_v † ª̀vYvPvh©‡K Rvbv‡jb| † ª̀vYvPvh©I wew¯§Z n‡jb|wZwb wPšÍv Ki‡jb, abywe©`¨vi G-†KŠkj wZwb Qvov Avi †KD Rv‡bb bv| A_P KzKziwU‡K †mB †KŠk‡jB AvµvšÍKiv n‡q‡Q|


wZwb AR©yb‡K m‡½ wb‡q QvDwb †_‡K †ewi‡q co‡jb| GKj‡eï KzwU‡ii m¤§y‡L G‡m †`L‡jb, GK e¨va hyeK

GKvMªg‡b Aaëmv‡qi mv‡_ Zxi-abyK wb‡q Abykxjb Ki‡Qb| Zuvi m¤§y‡L † ª̀vYvPv‡h©i gvwUi g~wZ©| †`ªvYvPv‡h©i

Dcw¯’wZ †Ui †c‡q GKje¨ Zuvi Zxi-abyK gvwU‡Z †i‡L D‡V G‡jb ¸iy † ª̀vYvPv‡h©i Kv‡Q| Zuv‡K mvóv‡½ cÖYvg

K‡i GKje¨ ej‡jb, Ô¸iy‡è, Avwg Avcbvi wkl¨| Av‡`k Kiyb, Avwg Avcbvi Rb¨ Kx Ki‡Z cvwi|Õ

†`ªvYvPvh© Zuv‡K ej‡jb, Ôerm, Zzwg G-we`¨v †Kv_v †_‡K wk‡LQ?Õ

GKje¨ A¤øvb e`‡b ej‡jb, ÔAvwg Avcbv‡K g‡b g‡b ¸iyc‡` eiY K‡i Avcbvi GB g~wZ© mvg‡b †i‡L Avcbvi

KvQ †_‡KB GmKj Kjv‡KŠkj wkÿv K‡iwQ wb‡Ri Aaëmvq Avi wbijm cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g|Õ

†`ªvYvPvh© wew¯§Z n‡jb| cvÊ‡eiv wew¯§Z n‡q †gŠbgy‡L ùvwo‡q iB‡jb|

†Kv‡bv A¯¿¸iyi Kv‡Q bv wk‡L wb‡R wb‡R Mfxi Aaëmv‡q Ggb A¯¿we`¨vwkÿv mnR K_v bq|

DcvL¨v‡bi wkÿv : Aaëmvq Øviv mvdj¨ AR©b Kiv hvq|

GKK KvR : Aaëmv‡qi wkÿv †Zvgiv ev¯Íe Rxe‡b cÖ‡qvM K‡i †`LvI|

bZzb kã : GKje¨, † ª̀vYvPvh©, wniYäby, wbijm, ¯Íä|


cvV 7 : e¨w³, mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b Aaëmv‡qi ¸iyZ¡e¨w³, mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡bi Rb¨ Aaëmvq GKwU Awe‡”Q`¨ ˆbwZK ¸Y|

e¨w³Rxe‡b Aaëmv‡qi ¸iyZ¡ Acwimxg| Aaëmvq Qvov wkÿv AvZ¥¯’ nq bv| ZvB PwiÎ MV‡b Aaëmvq AZ¨šÍcÖ‡qvRbxq|

gvbyl mgvRe×fv‡e evm K‡i| mgv‡Ri cÖwZ Zvi †ek wKQy `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ i‡q‡Q| mgv‡Ri mK‡jB hw` ¯̂ ¯^`vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvjb K‡i Zvn‡j mgv‡R I iv‡óª †Kv‡bv nvbvnvwb _vK‡e bv, _vK‡e bv †Kv‡bv wek„•Ljcwiw¯’wZ| wKš‘ gy‡L ej‡jB wbR `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvjb Kiv nq bv| Gi Rb¨ PvB Kv‡Ri cÖwZ GKvMÖZv, âh©,`vwqZ¡kxjZv I KZ©e¨civqY g‡bvfve| Avi G-¸Yvewji mgš^‡q †h we‡kl ˆbwZK ¸Y gvby‡li g‡a¨ RvMÖZ nqZv‡K e‡j Aaëmvq| AaëmvqB gvbyl‡K DbœwZi wkL‡i Av‡ivnY Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Aaëmv‡qi ¸‡YB gvbylA‡bK Amva¨ mvab K‡i‡Q| Aaëmvq Qvov †KD KL‡bv DbœwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, †Kv‡bv RvwZ Zvi Kvw•ÿZ j‡ÿ¨†cuŠQv‡Z cv‡i bv|

mf¨Zvi wkL‡i AwawôZ AvR‡Ki wek¦ gvby‡li my`xN© w`‡bi Aaëmv‡qi cwiYwZ| eZ©gvb mf¨Zvi m‡MŠieBwZnvm wbišÍi Aaëmv‡qi BwZnvm| gbxlxMY mviv Rxeb mvabv K‡i gvbemf¨Zvi DrKl© mvab K‡i‡Qb|gvby‡li Aaëmvq bv _vK‡j mf¨Zvi AMÖMwZ nZ bv|

Aaëmv‡qi h_v_© Kvh©KvwiZvi Rb¨B Rxe‡bi c‡_ mKj evav AwZµg Kiv gvby‡li c‡ÿ m¤¢eci n‡q‡Q|gvby‡li Rxe‡b †h wPivqZ msMÖvgx kw³ wbwnZ Av‡Q, Zvi ewntcÖKvkB n‡”Q Aaëmvq| GB AaëmvqB gvbyl‡KK‡i †Zv‡j msMÖvgx, D‡`¨vMx, Avi KZ©e¨civqY| wb‡Ri AmnvqZ¡ D‡cÿv K‡i Aaëmv‡qi cÖ‡qv‡M gvbyl nq¯^wbf©i|

Aaëmvq GKwU gnr ¸Y| RvZxq Rxeb gh©v`vevb n‡q I‡V Aaëmv‡qi GB gnr ¸‡Y| RvwZi cÖwZwU gvbyl hw`cÖK…Z Aaëmvqx n‡q I‡V Zvn‡j †m-RvwZ Aek¨B mybvg I †MŠi‡ei AwaKvix n‡q DV‡e|

†h-RvwZ hZ †ewk Aaëmvqx †m-RvwZ ZZ †ewk DbœZ| ivóªxq Rxe‡b †MŠie I mvdj¨ Avbq‡bi Rb¨ iv‡óªimKj bvMwiK‡K Aaëmvqx n‡Z nq| †hmKj ivóªbvqK, ag©ms¯‹viK, êÁvwbK, mvwnwZ¨K, mgvRms¯‹viKRxe‡b mvdj¨ jvf K‡i‡Qb Zuviv mK‡jB wQ‡jb Aaëmvqx|

ïay wb‡Ri Rxe‡b mvdj¨ jvf Ki‡jB Pj‡e bv| e¨w³MZ Rxe‡bi mxgvbv AwZµg K‡i RvZxq Rxeb‡Kgwngvwš^Z K‡i †Zvjvi RbÏ AbeiZ mvabv K‡i †h‡Z n‡e| ZvB mgvR Z_v ivóªxq Rxeb‡K wek¦mfvq†MŠieRbK Avm‡b cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z n‡j Avgv‡ì mKj‡KB Aaëmvqx n‡Z n‡e| myZivs e¨w³Rxe‡b,mgvRRxe‡b I ivóªxq Rxe‡b Aaëmvq AZ¨šÍ ¸iyZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|

`jxq KvR : e¨w³, mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b Aaëm‡qi cÖfve wPwýZ Ki|

bZzb kã : Awe‡”Q`¨, DrKl©, wPivqZ, civaxbZv, ag©ms¯‹viK, gwngvwš̂Z|


Abykxjbx


1. Rbbx I Rb¥f~wg ................ †P‡qI eo|

2. AvZ¥‡Kw› ª̀K gvbyl mvaviYZ .................... nq bv|

3. KvZ©exh©vR©yb GKevi ivRavbxi evB‡i ................ hvcb KiwQ‡jb|

4. Aaëmvq n‡”Q KwZcq ..................... mgwó|

5. GKj‡eï B‡”Q n‡jv .................... KvQ †_‡K A¯¿we`¨v †kLvi|


evg cvk Wvb cvk

1. ¯^‡`‡ki †MŠi‡e †`k‡cÖwgK gvÎB GKB m~‡Î Muv_v

2. P›`ªeskxq GK ivRv mf¨Zvi AMÖMwZ n‡Zv bv

3. QvÎRxeb Avi Aaëmvq ivR¨ AvµgY Ki‡jb

4. Aaëmvq bv _vK‡j Me©‡eva K‡i

KvZ©exh©vR©yb


1. †`k‡cÖg Kxfv‡e cÖKvk cvq ? `„óvšÍmn e¨vL¨v Ki|

2. Ô†`k‡cÖg GKwU gnr ¸YÕ Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki|

3. GKje¨ Kxfv‡e abywe©`¨v AvqË Ki‡jb ? e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. GKj‡eï DcvL¨vbwU c‡o Zzwg Kx wkÿv †c‡j ? e¨vL¨v Ki|


1. KvZ©exh©vR©y‡bi †`k‡cÖg g~j¨vqb Ki|

2. mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b †`k‡cÖ‡gi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki|

3. ÔRxe‡b mvdj¨jv‡fi g~jgš¿ AaëmvqÕ Ñ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki|

4. mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b Aaëmv‡qi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki|



1. iveY †Kvb gywbi bvwZ ?

K. Kvk¨c L. cyj¯Í¨

M. Pëb N. `ye©vmv

2. wblv`‡ì ivRv wQ‡jb †K ?

K. wniY¨vÿ L. wniY¨Kwkcy

M. wniYäby N. wniY¨gby

3. †`k‡cÖg ej‡Z †evSvq Ñ

i. gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva

ii. e¨w³¯^v_©‡K ¸iyZ¡ †Ìqv

iii. RvwZi g½‡ji Rb¨ wb‡R‡K DrmM© Kiv





k¨vgj 1971 m‡b Aóg †kªwYi QvÎ wQ‡jb| hLb 25‡k gvP© Kvjiv‡Z cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx wbiciva NygšÍgvby‡li Dci Suvwc‡q c‡o Ges wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v K‡i ZLb wZwb gyw³hy‡× †hvM †`b| wKšÍy ¯^vaxb nIqvigvmLv‡bK c~‡e©B GK m¤§yLhy‡× wZwb kwn` nb|

4. k¨vg‡ji PvwiwÎK êwk‡ó¨ †Kvb ˆbwZK ¸YwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q ?

K. `qv L. mZZv

M. †`k‡cÖg N. Aaëmvq

5. k¨vg‡ji AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi gg©v_© n‡jv Ñ

i. ¯^‡`k‡K fv‡jvevmv

ii. gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva

iii. civaxbZvi Møvwb †_‡K gyw³jvf





m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :mywcÖqv evievi GBPGmwm cixÿv w`‡qI cvk Ki‡Z bv †c‡i nZvk n‡q c‡o| GKw`b †m Zvi evÜeximv‡_ Avjvc cÖm‡½ Zvi nZvkvi K_v e¨³ K‡i| evÜex Zv‡K civg‡k©i Q‡j e‡j, ÔGKevi bv cvwi‡j†`L kZevi|Õ K_vwU mywcÖqvi g‡b Mfxi `vM Kv‡U Ges †m mewKQz fy‡j c~‡Y©v`¨‡g cov‡jLv Ki‡Z _v‡K|G-eQi †m cixÿvq cvk K‡i| G-mdjZvq Zvi Rxe‡bi †gvo Ny‡i hvq|

K. a„Ziv‡óªi cyÎ‡ì Kx ejv nq ?

L. gnvgywb cyj¯Í¨ ¯^M© †_‡K †b‡g G‡jb †Kb ? e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. evÜexi civgk© †Kb mywcÖqvi g‡b Mfxi `vM Kv‡U Zv †Zvgvi cwVZ ˆbwZK wkÿvi Av‡jv‡Ke¨vL¨v Ki|

N. mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b mywcÖqvi mvabvi cÖfve cwVZ wel‡qi Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki|


mßg Aa¨vq

Av`k© RxebPwiZ

Avgv‡ì mgv‡R Ggb wKQy gvbyl R‡b¥wQ‡jb, huviv AvRxeb A‡bï DcKvi K‡i †M‡Qb| wb‡Ri K_v fv‡ebwb|Zuv‡ì †Kv‡bv †jvf-†gvn wQj bv| c‡ivcKviB wQj Zuv‡ì GKgvÎ fvebv| RM‡Zi Kj¨vY KivB wQj Zuv‡ìRxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨| ZuvivB n‡jb gnvcyiyl I gnxqmx bvix| Zuv‡ì RxebxB n‡”Q Av`k© RxebPwiZ| Zuv‡ì Rxebx†_‡K Avgiv A‡bK wKQy wkL‡Z cvwi| Avgv‡ì Rxeb my›ìfv‡e Mo‡Z cvwi| Avgiv lô I mßg †kªwY‡Z Ggb†ek K‡qKRb gnvcyiyl I gnxqmx bvix m¤ú‡K© †R‡bwQ| G-Aa¨v‡q Avgiv kªxK…ò, kªxnwiPuv` VvKzi, ¯^vgxwe‡eKvb›`, VvKzi wbMgvb›`, VvKzi AbyK~jP›`ª, gv Avb›`gqx, kªxj fw³‡e`všÍ¯^vgx cÖfycv‡ì Rxebx m¤ú‡K©Rvbe Ges ˆbwZKZv MV‡b Zuv‡ì wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kie|


•� ˆbwZKZv MV‡b kªxK…‡òi evj¨-cieZ©xKv‡ji Rxeb I wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� ˆbwZKZv MV‡b kªx nwiPuv` VvKz‡ii Rxeb I wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� ˆbwZKZv MV‡b ¯^vgx we‡eKvb‡›ì RxebPwi‡Zi Av‡jv‡K Zuvi wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� ˆbwZKZv MV‡b VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì Rxeb I wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� ˆbwZKZv MV‡b VvKzi AbyK~jP‡›` ªi Rxeb I wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� ˆbwZKZv MV‡b gv Avb›`gqxi Rxeb I wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� ˆbwZKZv MV‡b kªxj fw³‡e`všÍ¯^vgx cÖfycv‡ì Rxeb I wkÿvi ¸iyZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie|

cvV 1 , 2 I 3 : kªxK…òAvgiv lô †kªwY‡Z kªxK…‡òi Rb¥ I ˆkkeKv‡ji K_v †R‡bwQ| mßg †kªwY‡Z †R‡bwQ Zuvi evj¨Kv‡ji K_v|GLb Avgiv Rvbe Zuvi ˆK‡kvi †_‡K ïiy K‡i †kl Rxeb ch©šÍ Kg©Kv‡Êi K_v|

kªxK…ò MxZvq e‡j‡Qb :

a‡g© Møvwb, Aa‡g© nq h‡e evo|

†nbKv‡j Rb¥ †gvi Rvb ZË¡mvi\

`y‡ói webvk Avi mvayi iÿ‡Y|

hy‡M hy‡M Rwb¥ Avwg ag©ms¯’vc‡b\ (4/7-8)

A_©vr kªxK…ò n‡”Qb ¯^qs fMevb| c„w_ex‡Z hLba‡g©i Møvwb †`Lv †`q, Aa‡g©i e„w× N‡U, ZLb ag©ms¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ Ges `y‡ói `gb I wk‡óicvj‡bi Rb¨ wZwb hy‡M hy‡M Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|ˆkk‡e Ges evj¨Kv‡j wZwb `yó‡ì `gbK‡i‡Qb Ges wkó‡ì iÿv K‡i‡Qb| mvivRxebB wZwb GKvR K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv GLbkÖxK…‡òi ˆK‡kvi †_‡K cieZx© Rxe‡bi ¸iyZ¡c~Y©NUbvewj Ges Zuvi wkÿv m¤ú‡K© AeMZ ne|

KsmeaKsm wQ‡jb g_yivi ivRv| fxlY AZ¨vPvix GKRb gvbyl| wb‡Ri wcZv DMÖ‡mb‡K ew›` K‡i wZwb ivR¨ `LjK‡ib| K…ò Zuvi nšÍv- GB ˆèevYx ï‡b wkïKvj †_‡KB wZwb K…ò‡K gvivi eû †Póv K‡i‡Qb| wKšÍy cv‡ibwb|ZvB e‡j wZwb e‡m wQ‡jb bv| GKevi †KŠk‡j Zuv‡K gvivi cwiKíbv Ki‡jb| gjøhy‡× Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨wZwb Aµ~i‡K cvVv‡jb K…‡òi Kv‡Q| K…ò-ejivg ZLb e„›`ve‡b| Aµ~i wM‡q Ks‡mi `yiwfmwÜi K_v e‡jw`‡jb| K…ò I ejivg g_yivq G‡jb| Zuv‡ì nv‡Z A‡bK †hv×v gviv †Mj| Zv †`‡L Ksm wÿß n‡q †M‡jb|wZwb K…ò‡K gvivi Rb¨ hy×‡ÿ‡Î AvmvgvÎB K…ò jvd w`‡q Zuvi i‡_ DV‡jb| Pzj a‡i gvwU‡Z †d‡j Ksm‡KnZ¨v K‡ib| Zvici DMÖ‡mb, †èKx, emy‡è cÖgyL‡K gy³ K‡ib| DMÖ‡mb‡K g_yivi ivRv K‡ib| gv-evevim‡½ K…ò, ejivgI g_yivq †_‡K hvb| g_yivq kvwšÍ wd‡i Av‡m|

RivmÜ eaRivmÜ wQ‡jb gM‡ai ivRv Ges Ks‡mi k¦ïi| wZwbI fxlY AZ¨vPvix wQ‡jb| Ks‡mi g„Zzï Lei ï‡b wZwbfxlY †i‡M hvb| weivU ˆmbëvwnbx wb‡q wZwb g_yiv AvµgY K‡ib| wKšÍy K…‡òi nv‡Z Zuvi civRq N‡U| K…òZuv‡K ÿgv K‡i †`b| G‡Z RivmÜ jw¾Z nb e‡U, wKšÍy Zuvi cÖwZ‡kva ¯ú„nv †e‡o hvq| ZvB K…ò‡K gviviRb¨ wZwb cici mvZevi g_yiv AvµgY K‡ib| K…ò Zvi ciI Zuv‡K gv‡ibwb| wKšÍy wZwb GK weivU Ab¨vq KvRKi‡Z hvw”Q‡jb| iy`ª‡`‡ei c~Rvi Rb¨ wZwb GK‡kv biewj †`‡eb e‡j w¯’i K‡iwQ‡jb| G-D‡Ï‡k¨ wZwb 86Rb ivRv‡K ew›` K‡i †i‡LwQ‡jb| Avi 14 Rb n‡jB wZwb Zuvi Afxó KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡eb| G-Lei K…òRvb‡Z †c‡i wØZxq cvÊe fx‡gi mvnv‡h¨ Zuv‡K ea K‡ib| d‡j GK‡kv Rb ivRvi cÖvY †eu‡P hvq|


wkïcvj ea

wkïcvj wQ‡jb †Pwìv‡Rï ivRv| K…‡òi AvZ¥xq| wcmZz‡Zv fvB| wKšÍy fxlY AZ¨vPvix| ZvB wkïcv‡ji gvK…ò‡K Aby‡iva K‡i e‡jwQ‡jb Ñ evev, Zzwg Ii GKkwU Aciva ÿgv K‡iv| K…ò Zv K‡iwQ‡jb| ¸iyR‡biK_v †i‡LwQ‡jb| wKšÍy hywawô‡ii ivRm~q h‡Á K…ò †kªô e¨w³ wbe©vwPZ nIqvq Cl©vwš̂Z wkïcvj Zuvi wb›`v ïiyK‡ib| cvÊe‡ìI Mvjg›` K‡ib| hy‡×i ûgwK †`b| K…ò ZLb Zuvi my`k©b Pµ Øviv Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡ib|

Kziy‡ÿ‡Îi hy× I ag©ivR¨ cÖwZôv

a„Zivóª I cvÊz `yB fvB| a„Zivóª Rb¥vÜ| ZvB †QvU fvB cvÊy nw¯Íbvcy‡ii ivRv nb| cvÊzi cuvP †Q‡j| hywawôieo| Zuv‡ì ejv nq cvÊe| a„Ziv‡óªi GKkZ †Q‡j| eo `y‡h©vab| Zuv‡ì ejv nq †KŠie| †KŠieiv wQ‡jbAmr Ges `yivPvi| Avi cvÊeiv wQ‡jb mr I m`vPvix|

cvÊzi g„Zzï ci hywawô‡ii ivRv nIqvi K_v| wKšÍy `y‡h©vab Zv gvb‡jb bv| ZvB a„Zivóª `yB c‡ÿi g‡a¨ ivR¨fvM K‡i w`‡jb| cvÊe‡ì ivRavbx n‡jv B›`ªcÖ¯’| wKšÍy `y‡h©vab Zv‡Z Lywk bb| Zuvi cy‡iv ivRÜvB PvB| ZvBwZwb GKw`b hywawôi‡K cvkv †Ljvq AvnŸvb K‡ib| g‡b Zuvi `yiwfmwÜ| KcU cvkv †Ljvq hywawôi †n‡i hvb|†Ljvi kZ© Abyhvqx cvÊeiv †Z‡iv eQ‡ii Rb¨ e‡b hvb| ebevm‡k‡l wd‡i G‡m ivR¨ `vwe K‡ib| wKšÍy`y‡h©vab ej‡jb, webv hy‡× wZwb ivR¨ †`‡eb bv| K…ò ZLb hy× †VKv‡bvi Rb¨ `y‡h©va‡bi Kv‡Q hvb| A‡bKAv‡jvPbv K‡ib| wKšÍy `y‡h©vab †Kv‡bv K_vB ïb‡jb bv| AMZ¨v Kziy‡ÿÎ bvgK ¯’v‡b `yB c‡ÿi Zzgyj hy× nq|K…ò cvÊe‡ì c‡ÿ wQ‡jb| hy‡× jÿ jÿ †jvK wbnZ nq| †KŠie‡ì mevB wbnZ nb| hy×‡k‡l hywawôi ivRvnb Ges iv‡R¨ kvwšÍ wd‡i Av‡m|

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 69

AR©y‡bi cÖwZ kªxK…‡òi Dc‡`k

Kziy‡ÿÎ hy‡× `yB cÿ gy‡LvgywL| K…ò AR©y‡bi i‡_i mviw_| ZLbI hy× ïiy nqwb| AR©yb wec‡ÿ AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡ì †`‡L K…ò‡K ej‡jb hy× Ki‡eb bv| AvZ¥xq‡ì nZ¨v K‡i wZwb ivR¨ Pvb bv| ZLb kªxK…ò Zuv‡Kej‡jb, ÔZzwg ÿwÎq| ÿwÎ‡qi ag© hy× Kiv| Zv bv n‡j Zvi Aag© nq| Achk nq| Zv Qvov AvZ¥vi g„Zz¨ †bB|†`nvšÍi N‡U gvÎ| Zzwg hv‡ì †`‡L gvqv KiQ, Zviv wb‡R‡ì †`v‡l g„Zz¨‡K eiY K‡i Av‡Q| Zzwg DcjÿgvÎ| Kv‡RB hy× K‡i Zzwg †Zvgvi KZ©e¨ cvjb Ki| hvi hv KZ©e¨ Zv cvjb Kiv a‡g©i A½|Õ K…ò GK_vejvi ci AR©y‡bi †gvnf½ nq Ges wZwb hy× K‡ib| hy‡× Ab¨v‡qi civRq N‡U, b¨v‡qi Rq nq| Gfv‡ekªxK…ò evievi `yó‡K `gb K‡i wk‡ói cvjb K‡i‡Qb Ges mgv‡R kvwšÍ-k„•Ljv wdwi‡q G‡b‡Qb|

`jxq KvR : `y‡ói `g‡b fMevb kÖxK…‡òi Ae`vb wj‡L GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki|

kªxK…‡òi eÜz evrmj¨

kªxK…ò wQ‡jb LyeB eÜzermj| my`vgv bv‡g Zuvi GK mncvVx wQ‡jb| GKB ¸iyi wbKU Zuviv cov‡kvbv K‡i‡Qb|my`vgv LyeB Mwie| Z‡e eªþwe`| Zuvi †Kv‡bv †jvf-jvjmv †bB| Ab¨w`‡K kªxK…ò GLb ØviKvi ivRv| Z`ycwi¯^qs fMevb wn‡m‡e Zuvi L¨vwZ me©Î|

GKw`b my`vgvi ¯¿x Zuv‡K ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgvi eÜz K…ò ØvivKvi ivRv| Zuvi Kv‡Q †M‡j nq‡Zv wKQy A_©mvnvh¨cvIqv †hZ| Zv‡Z Avgv‡ì Afve A‡bKUv NyPZ|Õ my`vgv A‡_©i †jv‡f bq, A‡bK w`b c‡i eÜzi m‡½ †`Lvn‡e GB †f‡e †h‡Z ivwR n‡jb| wZwb GKw`b mwZ¨ mwZ¨B ØviKvq iIbv n‡jb| hvIqvi mgq Zuvi ¯¿x K…ò‡KDcnvi †Ìqvi Rb¨ wKQy wPovi Ly` my`vgvi DËixq e‡¯¿ †eu‡a w`‡jb|

my`vgv ØviKvq †cuŠQ‡jb| Zuv‡K †`LvgvÎ K…ò †`Š‡o G‡m Rwo‡q ai‡jb| K…‡òi ¯¿x iywÝx Zuv‡K we‡klfv‡eAvì-Avc¨vqb Ki‡jb| wKQyÿY ci kªxK…ò ej‡jb, ÔeÜz, Avgvi Rb¨ Kx G‡bQ?Õ my`vgv ZLb †mB wPovi Ly`†ei K‡i w`‡jb| K…ò cig Z…wßf‡i †L‡jb| Zvici Zuviv A‡bKÿY Mí Ki‡jb| wKšÍy my`vgv GKeviI A‡_©iK_v ej‡jb bv| wKšÍy fMevb kªxK…ò eÜzi †ekf~lv †`‡L meB eyS‡Z cvi‡jb| ZvB wZwb Hkxe‡j my`vgvievwoi Ae¯’v cwieZ©b K‡i w`‡jb| my`vgv wd‡i wM‡q †`‡Lb Zuvi Kuz‡oN‡ii RvqMvq wekvj AÆvwjKv| N‡iabm¤ú‡ì Afve †bB| wKšÍy wZwb Av‡Mi g‡ZvB mvaviY Rxebhvcb Ki‡Zb Ges eª‡þi Dcvmbv Ki‡Zb|

GKK KvR : †Zvgvi Rbv eÜz cÖxwZi †Kv‡bv NUbv m¤ú‡K© †jL|

kªxK…‡òi AšÍa©vb

fMevb †h-D‡Ï‡k¨ K…ò AeZviiƒ‡c Rb¥ wb‡qwQ‡jb, Zv m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| `yó‡ì `gb Kiv n‡q‡Q| mgv‡R ag© IkvwšÍ cybt¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q| ZvB Gevi Zuvi êKz‡É hvevi cvjv| ejivg B‡Zvg‡a¨ a¨vb‡hv‡M †`nZ¨vM K‡i‡Qb|


K…ò ZvB e‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i GKwU Ak¦Ì e„‡ÿi wb‡P e‡m Av‡Qb| `~i †_‡K Riv bv‡g GK e¨va Zuv‡K nwiY g‡bK‡i ki wb‡ÿc K‡i| kiwU K…‡òi cv‡q jv‡M| GB kivNv‡ZB K…ò Bnjxjv mseiY K‡ib|

kªxK…‡òi Rxebx †_‡K Avgiv GB ˆbwZK wkÿv cvB †h, Ab¨vq I AmZ¨ GK mgq civwRZ nqB| mgv‡R `yó‡ìVuvB †bB| fMevbI Zv‡ì ÿgv K‡ib bv| fMevb abx-Mwie mKj‡KB mgvbfv‡e fv‡jvev‡mb| hvi hv KZ©e¨Zv Kiv a‡g©i A½| AZGe, Avgiv GB wkÿv¸‡jv Avgv‡ì Rxe‡b Kv‡R jvMve|

bZzb kã : Møvwb, AÎƒ, ¯ú„nv, Afxó, ivRm~q, B›`ªcÖ¯’, Hkxej, AšÍa©vb|

cvV 4 I 5 : kªxnwiPuv` VvKzi

†MvcvjMÄ †Rjvi Kvwkqvbx Dc‡Rjvi AšÍM©Z mvdwjWv½v GKwU MÖvg| GB MÖv‡gB Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib nwiPuv`VvKzi| evsjv 1218 m‡bi (1811 wLªóvã) dvêyb gv‡m| †mw`b wQj K…òc‡ÿi Î‡qv`kx wZw_| nwiPuv` VvKz‡iiwcZvi bvg h‡kvgšÍ VvKzi Ges gvZv Abœc~Y©v †èx| h‡kvgšÍ wQ‡jb ˆgw_jx eªvþY Ges wbôvevb êòe| nwiPuv`h‡kvg‡šÍi wØZxq cyÎ| Zuvi Aci wZb cy‡Îi bvg h_vµ‡g êòe`vm, †MŠix`vm I ¯îƒc`vm| Guiv mevB wQ‡jbêòe| nwiPuv` wQ‡jb LyeB †gavex| wKš‘ we`¨vj‡qi MÊxe× cvV Zuvi fv‡jv jv‡Mwb| ZvB gvÎ K‡qK gvm wM‡qwZwb we`¨vjq Z¨vM K‡ib| wg‡k hvb ivLvj eÜz‡ì m‡½| Zv‡ì m‡½ †MvPviY K‡ib| †Ljvayjv K‡ib|KL‡bv- ev Mvb K‡ib| Zuvi Mv‡bi Mjv wQj LyeB gayi| ZvB Zuvi Mvb, fRb, KxZ©b ï‡b mevB gy» n‡q †hZ|Zuvi †PnvivI wQj LyeB my›ì| eënvi wQj AgvwqK| Gme Kvi‡Y mevB Zuv‡K cQ›` KiZ| ivLvj eÜziv Zuv‡KejZ ÔivLvj ivRvÕ|

nwiPuv` VvKzi †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB wQ‡jb fveyKcÖK…wZi| eqm evovi m‡½ m‡½ G-welqwUZuvi g‡a¨ AviI cÖKU nq| wZwb µgk a‡g©iw`‡K P‡j hvb| Z‡e wZwb bZzb †Kv‡bvag©gZ cÖPvi K‡ibwb| wZwb gnvcÖfykªx‰PZ‡bï nwibvg cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb| wZwbe‡j‡Qb, Ôfw³i m‡½ nwii bvg wb‡jBCk¦i‡K cvIqv hv‡e|Õ GB bvgmsKxZ©bBn‡”Q Zuvi mvab-fR‡bi c_| wZwb GBnwibv‡g gv‡Zvqviv n‡q †h‡Zb| GRb¨ ZuviGB mvabc‡_i bvg nq gZzqv| Avi ZuviAbymvix‡ì ejv nq ÔgZzqv m¤cÖ`vqÕ|

gZzqvev‡ì g~j K_v n‡jv gbyl¨Z¡ AR©b, Av‡Z¥vb œwZ Ges mvwe©K Kj¨vYmvab| mZ¨, †cÖg I cweÎZv Ñ GB wZbwU

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 71

¯Í‡¤¢i Dci gZzqvev` cÖwZwôZ| mvabvi jÿ¨ mZ¨`k©b ev Ck¦ijvf| GRb¨ PvB †cÖg| †cÖ‡gi c~e©kZ© n‡”Q

cweÎZv| cweÎ †`n-g‡b †cÖ‡gi D`q nq| ZLb f‡³i AšÍ‡i †cÖggq nwi RvMÖZ nb|

nwiPuv` VvKzi nwibv‡gi gva¨‡g mvgvwRKfv‡e Ae‡nwjZ m¤cÖ`vq‡K GKZve× K‡ib| wZwb ej‡Zb, Ô`j bvB

hvi, ej bvB Zvi|Õ Gi d‡j gZzqvev` GK weivU Av‡›`vj‡b cwiYZ nq Ges gZzqv m¤cÖ`vq Qwo‡q c‡o

evsjvi me©Î|

VvKzi ej‡Zb, ag©PP©vi Rb¨ msmvi Z¨vM Ki‡Z nq bv| msmv‡i †_‡K msmv‡ii KvR K‡iI ag©PP©v Kiv hvq|

Zuvi wb‡`©kB wQj, Ônv‡Z Kvg, gy‡L bvg|Õ wZwb wb‡RI msmvix wQ‡jb| Zuvi `yB cyÎ I wZb Kb¨v wQ‡jb| cyÎiv

n‡jb ¸iyPiY I DgvPiY| VvKz‡ii AšÍa©v‡bi ci ¸iyPiYB ¸iyPuv` bv‡g gZzqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi cÖavbiƒ‡c c~wRZ nb|

gZzqv m¤cÖ`vq nwiPuv` VvKzi‡K weòzi AeZvi wn‡m‡e Ávb K‡ib| ZvB Zuviv e‡jb:

ivg nwi K…ò nwi nwi †MvivPuv`|

me© nwi wg‡j GB c~Y© nwiPuv` \

VvKz‡ii gZzqvev‡` bvix-cyiyl, abx-`wi ª̀, ag©-eY© Gm‡e †Kv‡bv †f` †bB| †h-†KD nwibvg msKxZ©‡b AskMÖnY

Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

gZzqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi g~j †K› ª̀ †MvcvjM‡Äi IovKvw›`‡Z| mvdwjWvOv MÖv‡gi cv‡k| †mLv‡b cÖavb nwigw›ì

Aew¯’Z| evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b nwigw›ì Av‡Q| cÖwZeQi ˆPÎ gv‡mi K…òc‡ÿi gayK…ò Î‡qv`kx wZw_‡Z

IovKvw›`‡Z gnveviywY mœvb AbywôZ nq| wZb w`b ch©šÍ †gjv e‡m| nvRvi nvRvi †jv‡Ki mgvMg N‡U H mœvb I

†gjvq| Zuviv nwiPuv` I ¸iyPuv` VvKzi‡K Mfxi kª×v Ávcb K‡ib|

evsjv 1284 m‡bi (1877 wLªóvã) 23†k dvêyb 66 eQi eq‡m nwiPuv` VvKzi Bnjxjv mseiY K‡ib|

VvKz‡ii Rxeb I Av`k© wb‡q Kweqvj ZviKP› ª̀ miKvi iPbv K‡i‡Qb Ôkªxkªxnwijxjvg„ZÕ MÖš’|

evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b nwigw›ì Av‡Q| †mLv‡b gZzqvmn f³iv wbqwgZ bvgKxZ©b K‡ib Ges nwiPuv`

VvKz‡ii cÖwZ kª×v Ávcb K‡ib|

VvKz‡ii K‡qKwU g~jëvb evYx n‡jv:

1. nwi a¨vb nwi Ávb nwi bvg mvi|

†cÖ‡g‡Z gv‡Zvqviv gZzqv bvg hvi\

2. Rx‡e `qv bv‡g iywP gvby‡l‡Z wbôv|

Bnv Qvov Avi hZ me wµqv åóv\


3. M„‡n‡Z _vwKqv hvi nq fv‡ev`q|

†mB †h cig mvay RvwbI wbðq\

4. M„nKg© M„nag© Kwi‡e mKj|

nv‡Z Kvg gy‡L bvg fw³B cÖej\

Mvn©¯’¨ †Zvgvi ag© AwZ mbvZb|

`y‡ói `gb Avi wk‡ói cvjb\

nwiPuv` VvKzi Zuvi Abymvix‡ì ev‡ivwU Dc‡`k w`‡q‡Qb, †h¸‡jv ÔØv`k AvÁvÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| GB AvÁv¸‡jv meviRb¨B wkÿYxq| AvÁv¸‡jv n‡jv : (1) m`v mZ¨ K_v ej‡e| (2) wcZv-gvZv‡K †èZvÁv‡b fw³ Ki‡e| (3)bvix‡K gvZ…Ávb Ki‡e| (4) RMr‡K †cÖg Ki‡e| (5) mKj a‡g© D`vi _vK‡e| (6) RvwZ‡f` Ki‡e bv| (7)nwigw›ì cÖwZôv Ki‡e| (8) cÖZ¨n cÖv_©bv Ki‡e| (9) Ck¦‡i AvZ¥`vb Ki‡e| (10) ewni‡½ mvay mvR‡e bv|(11) lowicy e‡k ivL‡e| (12) nv‡Z Kvg, gy‡L bvg Ki‡e|

`jxq KvR : nwiPuv` VvKz‡ii Dc‡`k¸‡jv wj‡L GKwU †cv÷vi ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : Av‡Z¥vbœwZ, gZzqv, gnveviywY, ewni‡½, lowicy|

cvV 6, 7 I 8 : ¯^vgx we‡eKvb›`¯^vgx we‡eKvb›` 1863 wLªóv‡ãi 12 RvbyqvwiKjKvZvq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv wek¦bv_ `ËGes gvZv fye‡bk¦ix †èx| wcZv wek¦bv_ `ËwQ‡jb KjKvZv nvB‡Kv‡U©i GKRb bvgKivDwKj| we‡eKvb‡›ì cÖK…Z bvg b‡i› ª̀bv_ `Ë|wZwb `xN©Rxex wQ‡jb bv| gvÎ 39 eQi 5 gvm23 w`b wZwb †eu‡PwQ‡jb| GB Aí mg‡qgvbeRvwZi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ wZwb †h-Ae`vb †i‡L†M‡Qb, Zv AmvaviY| wPiw`b gvbyl Zuvi GBAe`v‡bi K_v ¯§iY Ki‡e|

b‡i›`ªbv_ Lye †gavex wQ‡jb| ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ricixÿvq fv‡jv dj K‡i‡Qb| wZb weG-Icvk K‡i‡Qb| AvBb I `k©b wel‡q Zuvi wQj AMva Ávb|

G-mg‡q b‡i›`ªbv‡_i g‡b GK cwieZ©b †`Lv †`q| wZwb †Kej Ck¦i m¤ú‡K© wPšÍv K‡ib| Ck¦i wK Av‡Qb?Zuv‡K wK †`Lv hvq? G-ai‡bi cÖkœ cÖvqB Zuvi g‡b Rv‡M| wZwb A‡bK‡K G-cÖkœ wR‡ÁmI K‡i‡Qb| wKšÍy Kv‡ivDË‡i wZwb mšÍyó n‡Z c‡ibwb| Ggb mgq GKw`b Zuvi †`Lv nq Kvjxi mvaK kªxivgK…‡òi m‡½| ivgK…ò

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 73

ZLb `wÿ‡Yk¦i Kvjxevwo‡Z _v‡Kb| b‡i› ª̀bv_ GKw`b P‡j hvb †mLv‡b| ivgK…ò‡K wZwb wR‡Ám K‡ib,ÔAvcwb wK Ck¦i †`‡L‡Qb?Õ ivgK…ò nvm‡Z nvm‡Z e‡jb, Ônüv, †`‡LwQ ; †hgb †Zv‡K †`LwQ| PvB‡j †Zv‡KI†`Lv‡Z cvwi|Õ

GB mv`vwm‡a mvaK kªxivgK…ò‡K b‡i›`ªbv‡_i fv‡jv jv‡M| Zuvi cÖwZ †Kgb †hb GKUv fw³i fve †R‡M I‡V|ZvB wZwb wbqwgZ `wÿ‡Yk¦‡i hvZvqvZ ïiy K‡ib| GKmgq kªxivgK…‡òi wbKU Z¨v‡Mi g‡š¿ `xÿv †bb|b‡i›`ªbv_ nb M„nZ¨vMx mbœ¨vmx| ZLb Zuvi bvg nq we‡eKvb›`| cieZ©xKv‡j f³iv Zuv‡K ¯̂vgx we‡eKvb›` ev ïay¯^vgxRx e‡jB WvK‡Zb|

we‡eKvb›` M„nZ¨vM K‡i‡Qb e‡U, wKšÍy fviZel© Ges Zvi gvbyl‡K Z¨vM K‡ibwb| wZwb wb‡Ri †Pv‡L †`L‡ZPvB‡jb fviZe‡l©i gvby‡li Ae¯’v| wZwb mviv fviZel© Nyi‡jb| A‡b‡Ki m‡½ K_v ej‡jb| †jv‡Ki evwoevwo †M‡jb| †`L‡jb, mviv †`‡k †Kej `vwi`ª¨ Avi `vwi`ª¨| †Kej Awkÿv Avi Kzwkÿv| †`kevmxi GB nxbAe¯’v †`‡L wZwb Lye Kó †c‡jb| wZwb GB Awkÿv, Kzwkÿv Avi `vwi‡`ªï KviY Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb| Kxfv‡eGme †_‡K †`kevmx‡K D×vi Kiv hvq, †m-K_vI wPšÍv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| fvi‡Zi †kl wkjvL‡Ê e‡m wZwba¨vb¯’ n‡jb| a¨v‡bi gva¨‡g wZwb eyS‡Z cvi‡jb †h, fvi‡Zi Rxebxkw³i Drm n‡”Q ag©| GB ag© n‡”Q†èZvÁv‡b gvby‡li †mev| GB ag©g‡š¿ fviZevmx‡K RvwM‡q Zzj‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB fvi‡Zi DbœwZ n‡e|

1893 wLªóv‡ã we‡eKvb›` Av‡gwiKv hvb| †mLv‡b wkKv‡Mv kn‡i AbywôZ wek¦ag© m‡¤§j‡b wZwb e³„Zv †`b|e³„Zvi ïiy‡Z wZwb Dcw¯’Z mKj‡K ÔfwMbx I åvZ…e„›`Õ e‡j m‡¤̂vab K‡ib| Abïv K‡i‡Qb cÖ_vMZfv‡eÔf ª̀gwnjv I f ª̀g‡nv`qMYÕ e‡j| wKš‘ we‡eKvb‡›ì gy‡L GB bZzb m‡¤^vab ï‡b Dcw¯’Z mK‡j gy» nb|ARvbv A‡Pbv †jvK‡ì Gfv‡e fvB-†evb e‡j Avcb K‡i †bIqvi gvbwmKZv †`‡L Zuviv wew¯§Z nb| Zviciwe‡eKvb›` Zuvi e³„Zvq e‡jb, Ôwn›`yag© c„w_exi mKj ag©‡K mgvb mZ¨ g‡b K‡i| me a‡g©i jÿ¨B GK|b`xmg~n †hgb GK mvM‡i wM‡q wgwjZ nq, †Zgwb mKj a‡g©iB jÿ¨ GKÑ Ck¦ijvf| ZvB weev` bq, mnvqZv ;webvk bq, ci¯ú‡ii fveMÖnY ; gZwe‡iva bq, mgš^q I kvwšÍ|Õ we‡eKvb‡›ì GB e³„Zvq mevB AZ¨šÍ Lywknb| ag©mfvi wePv‡i wZwb nb †kªô e³v| ZLb Zuvi eqm gvÎ wÎk eQi AvU gvm|

ag©mfvq e³„Zvi ci mviv Av‡gwiKvq we‡eKvb‡›ì bvg Qwo‡q c‡o| wewfbœ RvqMv †_‡K Avgš¿Y Av‡m e³„ZviRb¨| wZwbI wn›`y ag©-`k©b, we‡klZ †e`všÍ`k©b m¤ú‡K© G‡Ki ci GK e³„Zv w`‡q Av‡gwiKv Rq K‡ib|Zvici hvb BD‡ivc| Bsj¨vÛ, d«vÝ, BZvwj cÖf„wZ †`k Ny‡i †eovb Ges e³„Zv †`b| wZwb †e`všÍ`k©‡bi cÖK…ZmZ¨ Zz‡j a‡ib| wZwb e³„Zvi gva¨‡g GB mZ¨ cÖwZwôZ K‡ib †h, wn›`yag© †Kej g~wZ©i c~Rv K‡i bv, mKj†èZvi c~Rvi ga¨ w`‡q GK Ck¦‡iiB Avivabv K‡i| Zuvi e³„Zv †_‡K cvðv‡Zï gvbyl wn›`y ag© I `k©b m¤ú‡K©bZzb K‡i Rvb‡Z cv‡ib| A‡b‡K Zuvi cig f³ n‡q hvb| Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ gvM©v‡iU GwjRv‡e_ †bvej-Gi bvgwe‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨| wZwb we‡eKvb‡›ì Av`‡k© GZUvB DØy× nb †h, wb‡Ri Rb¥f~wg Avqvij¨vÛ †Q‡ofviZe‡l© P‡j Av‡mb| we‡eKvb‡›ì Kv‡Q wZwb `xÿv †bb| ZLb Zuvi bvg nq fwMbx wb‡ew`Zv|

cÖvq Pvi eQi c„w_ex ågY K‡i we‡eKvb›` 1897 wLªóv‡ã †`‡k †d‡ib| †`‡ki gvbyl Zuv‡K gnv mgv`‡i MÖnYK‡i| wekvj msea©bv †`q| msea©bv Abyôv‡b wZwb †`‡ki gvbyl‡K Ab¨v‡qi weiy‡× jo‡Z e‡jb| mg¯Í

Kzms¯‹vi cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z e‡jb| mevB‡K we‡f` fy‡j GK n‡Z e‡jb| wZwb e‡jb, kw³ I mvnwmKZvB ag©|


`ye©jZv I KvcyiylZvB cvc| ¯^vaxbZvB ag©, civaxbZvB cvc|

we‡eKvb›` ej‡Zb, mZ¨B mKj a‡g©i wfwË| c‡ivcKviB ag©, cicxobB cvc| mr nIqv Avi mr Kg© Kiv a‡g©i

A½| bxP RvwZ, g~L©, `wi`ª, AÁ, gywP, †g_i mK‡jB Avgv‡ì fvB| G‡ì †mevB cig ag©| AvZ¥wek¦vm I

Ck¦‡i wek¦vmÑ G-`ywU wRwbmB DbœwZjv‡fi GKgvÎ Dcvq|

we‡eKvb›` hyeK‡ì Av‡M kixi MVb Ki‡Z ej‡Zb| Zvici ag©PP©v| KviY `ye©j kix‡i ag©PP©v nq bv| †Kv‡bv

KvRB nq bv| GRb¨ Zv‡ì MxZv covi Av‡M dzUej †Lj‡Z n‡e| Zv‡Z kixi MwVZ n‡e| ZLb MxZv AviI

fv‡jv †evSv hv‡e|

we‡eKvb‡›ì me‡P‡q ¸iyZ¡c~Y© K_v n‡jvÑ Lvwj‡c‡U ag© nq bv| ZvB mevi Av‡M gvby‡li `vwi ª̀¨ †NvPv‡Z n‡e|

Ck¦i‡mevi Av‡M Zuvi m„ó Rx‡ei †mev Ki‡Z n‡e| Rxe‡mev Ki‡jB Ck¦i‡mev n‡e| ZvB wZwb †Rvi w`‡q

e‡j‡Qb :

eûiƒ‡c m¤§y‡L †Zvgvi Qvwo †Kv_v LuywRQ Ck¦i ?

Rx‡e †cÖg K‡i †hB Rb †mB Rb †mwe‡Q Ck¦i \

we‡eKvb‡›ì Kv‡Q DuPz-wbPz †Kv‡bv †f`v‡f` wQj bv| A¯ú„k¨Zv‡K wZwb N„Yv Ki‡Zb| GKevi GK cwZZv

wM‡qwQ‡jb `wÿ‡Yk¦i Kvjxgw›`‡i gvZ…`k©‡b| G‡Z K‡qKRb f ª̀‡jvK AvcwË †Zv‡jb| GKRb wkl¨ GK_v

we‡eKvb›`‡K Rvbvb| wZwb e‡jb, gvZ…`k©‡b mK‡jiB AwaKvi Av‡Q| eis cwZZv‡ìB †ewk Avmv ìKvi|

D×vi cvevi Rb¨| G‡Z hw` Kv‡iv AvcwË _v‡K Zvn‡j wZwb GLv‡b bv Avm‡Z cv‡ib|

we‡eKvb›` Zuvi ¸iæ‡è ivgK…ò cignsm‡`‡ei Av`k© cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ GKwU gV ¯’vcb K‡ib| ivgK…ò gV|

cwðge‡½i nvIov †Rjvi †ejy‡o M½vi cwðg cv‡o GwU Aew¯’Z| mvaviYfv‡e GwU †ejyo gV bv‡g cwiwPZ|

¸iy‡`‡ei Av`k© cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ we‡eKvb›` ivgK…ò wgkbI cÖwZôv K‡ib| c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡k GB ivgK…ò gV I

ivgK…ò wgk‡bi kvLv i‡q‡Q| Gm‡ei cÖavb †K› ª̀ †ejyo gV| evsjv‡`‡k †hme gV I wgkb i‡q‡Q, †mm‡ei

cÖavb †K›`ª XvKvi ivgK…ò wgkb| c„w_exe¨vcx GB gV I wgk‡bi gva¨‡g kZkZ gvbyl‡K †mev cÖ`vb Kiv n‡”Q|

†mevi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wkÿv, wPwKrmv, AvcrKvjxb mvnvh¨cÖ`vb BZ¨vw`|

we‡eKvb‡›ì †meva‡g© †Kv‡bv RvwZ‡f` ev ag©‡f` wQj bv| RvwZ-ag© wbwe©‡k‡l wZwb †mev cÖ`vb Ki‡Zb|

GKevi KjKvZvq cÖPÊ `ywf©ÿ †`Lv w`‡qwQj| ZLb ivgK…ò wgk‡bi cÿ †_‡K Avkªq‡K›`ª †Lvjv n‡qwQj|

†mLv‡b K‡qKRb gymjgvb evjK G‡mwQj _vKvi Rb¨| G‡ì Kx Kiv n‡e Rvb‡Z PvB‡j we‡eKvb›`

e‡jwQ‡jb, gymjgvb evj‡Kiv Aek¨B _vK‡e| ïay Zv-B bq, Zv‡ì LvIqv`vIqv Ges ag©PP©vq hv‡Z †Kv‡bv weNœ

m„wó bv nq, †mw`‡K we‡kl †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 75

we‡eKvb›` K‡Vvi cwikªgx wQ‡jb| KvR Qvov wZwb wKQyB eyS‡Zb bv| ZvB wekªv‡gi Afv‡e Aíw`‡bB Zuvi kixi

†f‡O c‡o| d‡j 1902 wLªóv‡ãi 4 RyjvB †ejyo g‡V wZwb †`nZ¨vM K‡ib|

we‡eKvb‡›ì Rxebx †_‡K Avgiv GB bxwZwkÿv cvB †h, c„w_exi mKj gvbyl GK RvwZ| ag© Zv‡ì c„_K c„_K

n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e me a‡g©iB wfwË GK Ges Zv n‡jv mZ¨| mZ¨B ag©| Rxe‡mev gv‡bB Ck¦i‡mev| gvbyl‡K

a‡g©i K_v ejvi Av‡M Zvi `vwi`ª¨ †gvPb Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY Lvwj‡c‡U †KD a‡g©i K_v ïb‡Z Pvq bv| abx-

`wi`ª, gyywP-†g_‡i †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| mevB fvB-fvB| †Kv‡bv gvbylB A¯ú„k¨ bq, †ckv Zvi hv-B †nvK|

AvZ¥wek¦vm I Ck¦‡i wek¦vm DbœwZi cÖ_g kZ©| ag©PP©vi Av‡M kixi my¯’ I ejevb ivL‡Z n‡e| KviY `ye©j

kix‡i ïay ag© bq, †Kv‡bv KvRB wVKg‡Zv nq bv| we‡eKvb‡›ì GB wkÿv Avgiv AbymiY Kie| Zvn‡j AvgivI

Rxe‡b mdj n‡Z cvie|

GKK KvR : †Zvgvi Rvbv Rxe‡mevg~jK ev¯Íe NUbv m¤ú‡K© †jL|

bZyb kã : A¯ú„k¨Zv, AvcrKvjxb|

cvV 9, 10 I 11 : VvKzi wbMgvb›`

†g‡nicyi †Rjvi AšÍM©Z KzZecyi GKwU MÖvg| †mB MÖv‡g

evm Ki‡Zb fyeb‡gvnb fÆvPvh© bv‡g GKRb m`vPvix

eªvþY| Zuvi ¯¿xi bvg gvwbK my›ìx| DfqB wbqwgZ

c~Rv-cve©Y I eªZvPvi wb‡q _vK‡Zb| gvwbK my›ìxi

wcÎvjq †g‡nicyi‡iB AšÍM©Z ivavKvšÍcyi MÖv‡g| GB

MÖv‡gB 1287 mv‡ji (1880 wLªóvã) Szjb c~wY©gvi iv‡Z

e„n¯úwZevi gvZzjvj‡q VvKzi wbMgvb›` Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|

Zuvi †PvL`ywU wQj cÙ ev bwjbxi g‡Zv †`L‡Z| ZvB Zuvi

bvg ivLv nq bwjbxKvšÍ| bwjbxKvšÍ fÆvPvh©|

bwjbxi eqm ZLb mvZ eQi| wcZv fyeb‡gvnb †Q‡j‡K fwZ© Kwi‡q †`b MÖv‡gi cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q| †Ljayjv I

`yišÍcbvi cvkvcvwk bwjbx cov‡kvbvqI †gavi cwiPq w`‡q AvmwQ‡jb ïiæ †_‡KB| ZvB cÖv_wg‡Ki cvV wZwb

mvd‡jï m‡½B †kl K‡ib| Gici wZwb fwZ© nb `vwiqvcyi MÖv‡gi ga¨ Bs‡iwR we`¨vj‡q| _vK‡Zb

ivavKvšÍcy‡i gvZzjvj‡q|

GKv`k eQi eq‡m bwjbxi Dcbqb nq| ZLb †_‡KB Zuvi g‡a¨ ag©fve †R‡M I‡V| wZwb wÎmÜ¨v MvqÎx gš¿

Rc Ki‡Zb| wbqwgZ ivgvqY, gnvfviZ BZ¨vw` cvV Ki‡Zb| wKšÍy eqm evovi m‡½-m‡½ Zuvi g‡a¨ GKUv

cwieZ©b jÿ Kiv hvq| wZwb RvwZ‡f` gv‡bb bv| eªvþ‡Yi wg_¨v AnsKvi‡K N„Yv K‡ib| Z‡e cÖK…Z m¤§vwbZ


e¨w³‡K m¤§vb K‡ib| hyw³ w`‡q wZwb wb‡Ri gZ‡K mg_©b K‡ib| wKšyÍ wb‡Ri gZ wVK bq eyS‡Z cvi‡j wZwb

wbwØ©avq civRq ¯̂xKvi K‡ib| a‡g©i bv‡g fÊvwg‡K wZwb Zxeªfv‡e N„Yv K‡ib|

mvwnZ¨mgªvU ew¼gP›`ª wQ‡jb m¤ú‡K© bwjbxi `v`vgkvB| wZwb bwjbx‡K Lye †mœœn Ki‡Zb| bwjbxI Zuv‡K Lyefv‡jvevm‡Zb Ges kª×v Ki‡Zb| `yR‡bi g‡a¨ A‡bK wel‡q K_v n‡Zv| Gi ga¨ w`‡q bwjbx ew¼gP‡› ª̀iwbKU †_‡K A‡bK wKQy wk‡LwQ‡jb| bwjbxi Bs‡iwR cixÿvi Av‡MB ew¼gP‡› ª̀i g„Zz¨ nq| wKQyw`b ci gvgvwbK my›ìxI ci‡jvK Mgb K‡ib| G-`ywU NUbv bwjbxi g‡b Mfxi †iLvcvZ K‡i| gvbe Rxe‡bi bk¦iZvZuv‡K fxlYfv‡e fvwe‡q †Zv‡j|

cixÿvq DËxY© nIqvi ci bwjbxi g‡a¨ weivU cwieZ©b jÿ Kiv hvq| †è-wØ‡R, a‡g©-K‡g©, kv¯¿vw`‡Z Zuviwek¦vm D‡V hvq| fMev‡b wek¦vm †bB| †SuvK †`Lv †`q hvÎv-w_‡qUvi I mvwnZ¨PP©vq| cvkvcvwk P‡j Rb‡meviKvR| RvwZ-ag© wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡ji evwo wM‡q †ivMxi †mev K‡ib| †Kv‡bv evwo‡Z g„Z‡`n mrKv‡i †jvK cvIqvbv †M‡j bwjbx †mLv‡b mvMÖ‡n GwM‡q hvb| G wb‡q cvov-cÖwZ‡ekx‡ì KvQ †_‡K wcZv fyeb‡gvnb‡K A‡bKwb›`vevK¨ ïb‡Z nq|

bwjbxi GB AvPiY †`‡L fyeb‡gvnb Lye wPwšÍZ n‡q c‡ob| cyÎ‡K msmv‡i Ave× Kivi Rb¨ wZwb Zuvi weevn†Ìqvi wm×všÍ †bb| h_vmg‡q bwjbxi we‡q n‡q hvq| Kb¨v nvwjkn‡ii ê`¨bv_ gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi †g‡qmyavsïevjv| bwjbxi eqm ZLb 17 Ges myavsïevjvi 12|

we‡qi wKQyw`b ci bwjbxKvšÍ wm×všÍ wb‡jb D”Pwkÿv MÖnY Ki‡eb| ZvB wcZvi AbygwZ wb‡q wZwb XvKvK‡jwR‡qU ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nb| GLv‡b wKQyw`b covi ci wZwb XvKvi mv‡f© ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nb| KviY, GLvb †_‡K cvkKi‡j mn‡RB PvKwi cvIqv hvq| GLvb †_‡K cvk Kivi ci wZwb ¯̂MÖv‡g wd‡i hvb Ges KzZecyi ¯‹z‡j

wkÿKZv ïiy K‡ib| Gi wKQyw`b ci Ifviwmqv‡ii PvKwi wb‡q w`bvRcyi miKvwi Awd‡m †hvM`vb K‡ib|

wKšyÍ G-PvKwi‡Z wg_¨vPvi Ki‡Z nq e‡j wZwb PvKwi cwieZ©b K‡ib| Gici Av‡iK `dv PvKwi cwieZ©b K‡iwZwb KjKvZvi R‰bK Rwg`v‡ii G‡÷‡U PvKwi †bb| †mB Dcj‡ÿ wZwb ZLb KjKvZvq wQ‡jb| ¯¿xmyavsïevjv ZLb AšÍtmË¡v| ZvB Zuv‡K evwo cvwV‡q w`‡q‡Qb| †mLv‡b Zuvi GKwU Kb¨vmšÍvb R‡b¥| K‡qKw`bci Kb¨vmšÍvbwU gviv hvq| ¯¿xI †ek wKQyw`b †ivM‡fv‡Mi ci gviv hvb| G‡Z bwjbx Lye AvNvZ cvb| msmv‡iicÖwZ Zuvi gb D‡V hvq| wZwb PvKwiI †Q‡o †`b| cÖvqkB wZwb ¯¿x myavsïevjvi Qvqvg~wZ© †`L‡Z cvb| wZwb Giinm¨ Rvb‡Z Pvb| ci‡jvK m¤ú‡K© PP©v ïiy K‡ib| Ggwb mgq GKw`b KjKvZvq c~Y©vb›` cigns‡mi m‡½Zuvi mvÿvr nq| c~Y©vb›` e‡jb, ¯¿x gv‡ÎB Av`¨vkw³ gnvgvqvi Ask| Zuv‡K †c‡Z n‡j mvabv Ki‡Z n‡e|

Gici bwjbx hvb exif~‡gi gnvZx_© Zvivcx‡V| †mLv‡b wQ‡jb gnvmvaK evgv‡ÿcv| wZwb Zuv‡K Zvivg‡š¿ `xÿv†`b| Avi e‡jb Zvivgv‡qi mvabv Ki‡Z| bwjbx GKg‡b mvabv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| Ae‡k‡l gv ¯¿xiƒ‡c †`Lv

w`‡jb| wKšyÍ bwjbx Zuv‡K ai‡Z †M‡jB wZwb wgwj‡q hvb| GK_v wZwb evgv‡ÿcv‡K Ly‡j ej‡jb| ej‡jb, ÔG†èx †K? AvwgB- ev †K?Õ evgv ej‡jb, ÔG-ZË¡ Rvb‡Z n‡j †Zv‡K Ávbmvabv Ki‡Z n‡e| Ávbx¸iyi mÜvbKi‡Z n‡e|Õ

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 77

evgv‡ÿcvi K_vg‡Zv bwjbx Ávbx¸iyi mÜv‡b Ny‡i †eov‡Z jvM‡jb| Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z cy®‹iZx‡_© G‡m Ávbx¸iyimÜvb cvb| wZwb n‡jb mw”P`vb›` cignsm| Zuvi Avkª‡g †_‡K bwjbx †e`-†e`všÍ, `k©bkv¯¿vw` Aa¨qbK‡ib| ¸iy Zuv‡K êw`K mbœ¨vm g‡š¿ `xÿv †`b| ZLb Zuvi bZzb bvg nq Ô¯̂vgx wbMgvb›` mi¯^ZxÕ| Gici wZwbfvi‡Zi wewfbœ Zx_©¯’vb Ny‡i †eovb, †hgbÑ Kvkx, KvgvL¨v, wngvjq, †KvwKjvgyL BZ¨vw`| Gme RvqMvq wZwb†hvMmvabv K‡ib|

Gici RbwnZv‡_© VvKzi wbMgvb›` m`&ag© cÖPvi ïiy K‡ib| fvi‡Zi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wZwb gV ev Avkªg cÖwZôvK‡ib| †mLv‡b eªþPh© mvabvi eë¯’v K‡ib| KviY wZwb Dcjwä Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb †h, cÖ_g Rxe‡b eªþPh©cvjb bv Ki‡j cieZ©x Rxeb my›ìfv‡e M‡o DV‡Z cvi‡e bv| cvkvcvwk wZwb Av`k© M„n¯’ RxebMV‡bi IciI†Rvi †`b| G Qvov VvKzi K…wlKg©, †Mv-†mev, Abv_ Avkªg, Fwl we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvcÖwZôvb Ges `vZe¨wPwKrmvjq cÖwZôvi gva¨‡gI Rb‡mevi `„óvšÍÍ †i‡L †M‡Qb|

VvKzi Zuvi Av`k© cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ ÔAvh©¨-`c©YÕ bv‡g GKwU gvwmK cwÎKv cÖKvk K‡i †M‡Qb, hv GLbI wbqwgZcÖKvwkZ n‡”Q| GwU mbvZb a‡g©i gyLcÎ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| G Qvov VvKzi Ô†hvMx¸iyÕ, ÔÁvbx¸iyÕ, ÔZvwš¿K ¸iyÕ,Ô†cÖwgK¸iyÕ, ÔeªþPh© mvabÕ, Ô†e`všÍwe‡eKÕ, ÔZË¡gvjvÕ cÖf„wZ MÖš’ iPbvi gva¨‡gI Zuvi Av`k© cÖPvi K‡i †M‡Qb|

VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì `k©b wQjÑÔk¼‡ii gZ I †MŠiv‡½i c_Õ, A_©vr †mev I fw³i c‡_ A‰ØZ eªþÁvb jvfKiv| GB Av`k© cÖPv‡i evsjvi Pviw`‡K PviwU mvi¯̂Z Avkªg mwµqfv‡e KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| evsjv‡`‡k m`&ag©cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ mnmªvwaK mvi¯^Z m•N Av‡Q|

Zš¿, Ávb, †hvM I †cÖgÑ GB PZztmva‡b wm× gnvmvaK VvKzi wbMgvb›` 1342 mv‡ji (1935 wLªóvã) 13BAMÖnvqY ïµevi Acivnè 1-15 wgwb‡U Bn‡jvK Z¨vM K‡ib|

VvKz‡ii K‡qKwU evYx

1| Av`k© Mvn©¯’¨ Rxeb cÖwZôvB Avgvi D‡Ïk¨| cÖvPxb FwlMY cÖewZ©Z c‡_ P‡j †Zvgiv Av`k© M„n¯’ nI| ïaymbœ¨vmx n‡q e‡b †M‡jB fMevb jvf nq bv| M„‡n †_‡K Av`k© M„nx n‡q ag©mvabv Ki‡jI fMevb jvf nq|

2| AvZ¥Ávb wKsev bvivqYÁv‡b h_vmva¨ Rxe‡mev K‡iv| c‡ii DcKvi Ki‡Z KzwÉZ n‡qv bv| GB cÖZ¨ÿ ag©Z¨vM Ki‡j Ava¨vwZ¥K kw³ jvf nq bv| Rxe‡mevB Kwji GKgvÎ ag©|

3| bi-B mvÿvr bvivqY| myZivs b‡ii †mev e¨ZxZ bvivq‡Yi K…cv nq bv| ZvB Mvn©¯’¨ a‡g©i GZ gvnvZ¥¨|Avcb cÖvY‡K wek¦cÖv‡Yi m‡½ †gjv‡Z n‡e| ¯¿x-cyÎ Øviv cÖ_g cÖv‡Y †h-exR Dß nq, c‡i we‡k¦i KxU-cZ‡½

mgcÖvYZv Av‡m| ZLb fMevb †h‡P `qv K‡i _v‡Kb| bZzev gy‡Li cÖv_©bvq Zuvi wmsnvmb U‡j bv|

4| †Kej KZ¸‡jv Kg©vbyôv‡b Rxe‡b c~Y©Zv jvf nqbv| fMev‡b AvZ¥wbf©i Ki‡Z Af¨vm Ki| KxU †_‡K eªþ

ch©šÍ GKB fMev‡bi weKvk †R‡b me©f~‡Zi wnZmva‡b Rxeb DrmM© Ki| gvbeRxeb ab¨ n‡e| cweÎ Avb‡›ì

AwaKvix n‡e|


VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì Rxebx †_‡K Avgiv GB bxwZwkÿv cvB †h, wg_¨v AnsKvi Kv‡iv c‡ÿB fv‡jv bq| RvwZ‡f`mgv‡R wek„•Ljv m„wó K‡i| RvwZ-ag© wbwe©‡k‡l mKj‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z n‡e| Ava¨vwZ¥K DbœwZi cvkvcvwkgvby‡li ev¯Íe Rxe‡biI Dbœqb cÖ‡qvRb| Av`k© M„nx n‡qI fMevb‡K jvf Kiv hvq| bvivqYÁv‡b gvbyl‡K†mev Ki‡Z n‡e| Rxe‡mevB Kwji GKgvÎ ag©| mKj Rx‡ei g‡a¨B Ck¦i Av‡Qb| mKj Rx‡ei †mev Kivgv‡bB Ck¦‡iiI †mev Kiv| ZvB me©Rx‡ei †mevq wb‡R‡K DrmM© Ki‡Z n‡e| VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì GB wkÿvAvgiv me mgq g‡b ivLe Ges Avgv‡ì Rxe‡b cvjb Kivi †Póv Kie|

`jxq KvR : VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì RbwnZKi Kv‡Ri GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : KvgvL¨v, mvi¯^Z, AvKxU|

cvV 12, 13 I 14 : VvKzi AbyK~jP›`ª

cvebvq cÙvi ZxieZ©x GKwU MÖvgwngvBZcyi| †mB MÖv‡g 1295 mv‡ji30 fv`ª (1888 wLªóv‡ãi 14†m‡Þ¤î) AbyK~jP‡›`ªi Rb¥| wcZvwkeP›`ª PµeZ©x Ges gvZvg‡bv‡gvwnbx †èx|

wngvBZcy‡iB AbyK~jP‡›`ªi ˆkke,evj¨ I ˆK‡kvi AwZµvšÍ nq|wngvBZcyi cvVkvjvq wZwb †jLvcovïiy K‡ib| †mLvbKvi cvV †kl n‡jwZwb cvebv Bbw÷wUD‡U fwZ© nb|GLv‡b beg †kªwY ch ©šÍ c‡o wZwb

cwðge‡½i ˆbnvUx D”P we`¨vj‡q fwZ© nb| G-we`¨vjq †_‡K wZwb cÖ‡ewkKv cixÿvi Rb¨ g‡bvbxZ nb|

wKšyÍ GKRb mncvVx cixÿvi wd‡mi UvKv †hvMvo Ki‡Z c‡ibwb ï‡b Zuv‡K wZwb wb‡Ri UvKv w`‡q †`b| d‡jHevi Zuvi cixÿv †Ìqv nqwb| c‡iievi wZwb cÖ‡ewkKv cixÿvq cvk K‡ib| Gici gv‡qi B”Qvq wZwbKjKvZvi b¨vkbvj †gwWK¨vj K‡j‡R fwZ© nb| ZLb Zuv‡ì msmv‡i Avw_©K AbUb PjwQj| ZvB A‡bK KóK‡i wZwb cov‡kvbv Pvwj‡q hvw”Q‡jb| GKw`b cÖwZ‡ekx GK Wv³vi †ngšÍKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq Ilyamn Zuv‡KGKwU ev· †`b| Zv w`‡q wZwb Kzwj-gRyi‡ì †mev ïiy K‡ib| †mevi Avb‡›ì ga¨ w`‡q hv Avq n‡Zv Zv‡ZBZuvi w`b P‡j †hZ|

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 79

AbyK~jP›`ª Wv³vi n‡q wbR MÖv‡g wd‡i Av‡mb| †mLv‡b wZwb wPwKrmvKg© ïiy K‡ib| G‡Z Zuvi Af~Zc~e© mvdjÄv‡m| wKšÍy wZwb Dcjwä Ki‡jb, gvby‡li `yt‡Li ¯’vqx mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡j †Kej kvixwiK wPwKrmv bq,gvbwmK I AvwZ¥K wPwKrmvI ìKvi| KviY kix‡ii m‡½ gb I AvZ¥vi wbweo †hvM i‡q‡Q| ZvB wZwb gvbwmKI AvwZ¥K wPwKrmvI ïiy Ki‡jb|

AbyK~jP›`ª wQ‡jb mgv‡Ri Amnvq, Ae‡nwjZ‡ì eÜz| Zv‡ì wb‡q wZwb KxZ©b `j MVb K‡ib| KxZ©‡bi ga¨w`‡q wZwb Zv‡ì gvbwmK kvwšÍi weavb K‡ib| A‡bK wkwÿZ ZiyYI GwM‡q Av‡mb| Zuvi GB KxZ©b GK mgqGKwU Av‡›`vj‡b cwiYZ nq| mevB Zuv‡K ZLb Wv³vi bv e‡j ejZ ÔVvKziÕ| †mB †_‡K wZwb ÔVvKzi AbyK~jP›`ªÕbv‡g cwiwPZ nb| Zuvi L¨vwZ µgk Pvwiw`‡K Qwo‡q c‡o|

gvbyl hv‡Z mr c‡_ _v‡K, mr wPšÍv K‡i †mRb¨ VvKzi AbyK~jP›`ª wngvBZcy‡i cÖwZôv K‡ib mrm•N Avkªg| Gigva¨‡g wZwb Zuvi Abymvix‡ì AvwZ¥K DbœwZi Rb¨ eªþÁvb jv‡f mnvqZv Ki‡Zb| `‡j `‡j †jvK Zuv‡K ¸iy†g‡b GB m‡•N †hvM w`‡Z jvMj| wZwb GB m‡•Ni gva¨‡g a‡g©i m‡½ K‡g©i ms‡hvM NUvb| wkÿv, K…wl, wkí,myweevnÑ GB PviwU wQj Avkª‡gi g~j wfwË| eªþPh©, Mvn©¯’¨, evbcÖ¯’, mbœ¨vmÑ mbvZb Avh© Rxe‡bi GB PviwU¯Í‡i Rxebhvc‡b wZwb mKj‡K Af¨¯Í K‡i †Zv‡jb| AbyK~jP›`ª †jvKwnZv‡_© cÖvPxb Fwl‡ì Av`‡k© Z‡cvebwe`¨vjq, `vZe¨ wPwKrmvjq, BwÄwbqvwis IqvK©kc, cvewjwks nvDR, QvcvLvbv BZ¨vw` cÖwZôv K‡ib| Gi d‡jAa¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡bi cvkvcvwk gvbyl RvMwZK Rxe‡bI DcK…Z nq| gnvZ¥v MvÜx mrm‡•Ni GB Kg©KvÊ †`‡LAZ¨šÍ gy» nb Ges Gi cÖksmv K‡ib|

1946 wLªóv‡ã AbyK~jP›`ª wenv‡ii †ÌN‡i hvb Ges †mLv‡b mrm‡•Ni Av`‡k© GKwU Avkªg cÖwZôv K‡ib|c‡ii eQi fviZ fvM n‡j wZwb Avi wd‡i Av‡mbwb| 1969 wLªóv‡ãi 26 Rvbyqvwi 81 eQi eq‡m wZwb†ÌN‡iB †`n Z¨vM K‡ib|

VvKzi AbyK~jP‡›`ªi wkl¨m¤cÖ`vq Ges mrm‡•Ni Kg©KvÊ Dfq evsjvi bvbv AÂ‡j AvRI mwµq| XvKv IPÆMÖvgmn evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ AÂ‡j Gi Avkªg I Kvh©vjq Av‡Q| Gi gva¨‡g RbMY‡K †mev †Ìqv nq|

VvKzi AbyK~jP›`ª Zuvi Av`k© I wPšÍv-fvebv gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qwo‡q †Ìqvi Rb¨ 46 Lvbv MÖš’ iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb|†m-m‡ei g‡a¨ cyY¨cuyw_, AbykÖæwZ, Pjvi mv_x cÖf„wZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨|

VvKzi AbyK~jP‡›`ªi wkÿv wQj : gvby‡l gvby‡l †Kv‡bv †fv`v‡f` †bB| †h †h-m¤cÖ`v‡qiB †nvK bv †Kb, g‡bivL‡Z n‡e Ck¦i GK, ag©I GK| msmv‡i _vK‡e, gb ivL‡e fMev‡b| ïay †jLvcov Ki‡jB eo nIqv hvq bv,AvPvi-eënviI Rvb‡Z nq| VvKzi AbyK~jP‡›`ªi GB wkÿv Avgiv me mgq ¯§i‡Y ivLe Ges †g‡b Pje|

GKK KvR : e¨w³ I mgvRRxe‡b VvKzi AbyK~jP‡›`ªi wkÿvi cÖfve m¤ú‡K© †jL|

bZzb kã : AvwZ¥K wPwKrmv, †jvK wnZv_©, cyY¨cuyw_, AbykÖæwZ|


cvV 15 I 16 : gv Avb›`gqx

gv Avb›`gqxi Rb¥ 1896 wLªóv‡ãi30 GwcÖj| eªvþYevwoqv †Rjvi†LIov MÖv‡g| wcZv wewcbwenvixfÆvPvh©, gv †gvÿ`v my›ìx|wewcbwenvixi ˆcZ…K wbevm wQjwe`¨vKzU| Avb›`gqxi Avmj bvgwbg©jv my›ìx| MÖv‡gi cvVkvjvq

wbg©jvicov‡kvbv ïiy nq|wKšyÍcov‡kvbv †ewk`~i G‡Mvqwb|†QvU‡ejv †_‡KB Zuvi g‡a¨wè¨fv‡ei cÖKvk N‡U| nwibvgKxZ©b n‡j wZwb AvKzj n‡q ïb‡Zb|

evsjv 1315 mv‡ji (1908 wLªóvã) 25 gvN wbg©jvi we‡q nq| ZLb Zuvi eqm †Z‡iv †kl n‡q †PŠÏ eQ‡ic‡o‡Q| ¯^vgx igYx‡gvnb PµeZ©x| evwo weµgcy‡ii AvUcvov MÖv‡g| we‡qi ci wbg©jv ¯̂vgxi bvg †`b †fvjvbv_|

†fvjvbv_ evwRZcy‡i †m‡Uj‡g›U wefv‡M PvKwi K‡ib| 1324 mv‡j (1917 wLªóvã) wbg©jv ¯̂vgxi Kg©¯’‡jhvb| Zuvi g‡a¨ µgkB wè¨fve cÖKwUZ n‡Z _v‡K| †Kv_vI K…òbvg ïb‡j K…ò‡cÖ‡g wZwb AvKzj n‡q hvb|GKevi f~‡èP›`ª emyi evwo‡Z KxZ©b n‡”Q :

nwini‡q bgt K…òhvèvq bgt|

hvèvq gvaevq †Kkevq bgt \

wbg©jv †mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| KxZ©b ïb‡Z ïb‡Z GK mgq wZwb AÁvb n‡q hvb| ZLb Zuvi †`n †_‡K wèÄv‡jv cÖKvwkZ nw”Qj| mevB fq †c‡q †M‡jb| wKQyÿY ci wZwb Avevi my¯’ n‡q DV‡jb| Gfv‡e wbg©jvi g‡a¨gnvfv‡ei ïiy| mvaviY gvby‡li AÁv‡Z Zuvi kix‡i Pj‡Z jvMj mvab-fR‡bi bvbviKg jxjv| wè¨ †R¨vwZiAvfvq D¾¡j n‡q DVj Zuvi mg¯Í kixi|

1924 wLªóv‡ã †fvjvbv_ P‡j Av‡mb XvKvi kvnev‡M| ZLbKvi bev‡ei evMv‡bi ZË¡veavq‡Ki KvR wb‡q|m‡½ wbg©jvI Av‡mb| GB kvnev‡M gv Kvjxi gw›`‡i wbg©jvi g‡a¨ gvZ…g~wZ© cÖKwUZ nq| ZLb †_‡KB wZwb ÔgvAvb›`gqxÕ bv‡g L¨vZ nb| GLv‡bB Zuvi mvab-fRb Pj‡Z _v‡K| 1926 wLªóv‡ã wm‡×k¦ix‡Z Zuvi AvkªgcÖwZwôZ nq| GwUB Zuvi Avw` Avkªg|

1932 wLªóv‡ã gv Avb›`gqx ¯^vgxmn P‡j hvb †ìv`y‡b| d‡j Zuvi jxjv‡ÿÎ XvKv †_‡K ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq DËi

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 81

fvi‡Z| †mLv‡b Zuvi wè¨fv‡ei cwiPq RvbvRvwb n‡j A‡b‡K Zuvi f³ n‡q hvb| fvi‡Zi A‡bK Ávbx-¸YxZuv‡K kª×v Ki‡Zb| Zuv‡ì m‡½ gv‡qi mvÿvr n‡q‡Q| GgbwK cwÊZ RInijvj †bniy, wg‡mm Bw›ìv MvÜxcÖgyL e¨w³i m‡½I Zuvi mvÿvr n‡q‡Q|

gv Avb›`gqx wb‡R fMer‡cÖgx wQ‡jb| ZvB fvi‡Zi RbMY‡KI fMergyLx Kivi Kv‡R wZwb AK¬všÍ cwikªgK‡i‡Qb| wZwb Dcgnv‡`‡ki c~e©-cwðg, DËi-`wÿY me©Î cwiågY K‡i‡Qb| cÖvPxb fvi‡Zi A‡bK jyßZ‡cveb I Zx_©¯’vb wZwb cybiy¾xweZ K‡i‡Qb| fviZxq ms¯‹…wZi gg©¯’j, mnmª Fwli Z‡cvf~wg ˆbwglviY¨‡KwZwb RvwM‡q †Zv‡jb| GLb †mLv‡b KxZ©b, bvP, Mvb, ag©MÖš’cvV, mrm•N BZ¨vw` Kg©KvÊ Pj‡Q| Gfv‡e wZwbfvi‡Zi wewfbœ ¯’v‡bi myß, jyß ag©¯’vb‡K RvMÖZ K‡i‡Qb| †mLv‡b hvM-hÁ, gw›ì, weMÖn cÖwZôvi ga¨ w`‡qG‡`‡ki jÿ jÿ gvbyl‡K mbvZb a‡g©i fveavivq D¾xweZ K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb| gvby‡li gb‡K fMergyLx KiviRb¨ A‡kl †cÖiYv w`‡q †M‡Qb| evsjv‡`‡ki igbv I †LIovi `ywU Avkªgmn fvi‡Zi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wZwb 25wUAvkªg cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb| wn›`y ag© I ms¯‹…wZPP©vi †ÿ‡Î GwU gv‡qi mwe‡kl D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ae`vb| gv Avb›`gqxej‡Zb, Ô†h †h Ae¯’vq AvQ, †mB Ae¯’vq †_‡KB Kg© K‡i hvI| bvg Ki, ïay bvg| bv‡gB me nq|Õ

1982 wLªóv‡ãi 27 AvM÷ gv Avb›`gqx ci‡jvK Mgb K‡ib| nwiØv‡i KYLj Avkª‡g M½vi Zx‡i Zuvigi‡`n mgvwa¯’ Kiv nq|

gv Avb›`gqxi Rxebx †_‡K Avgiv GB wkÿv cvB †h, me©`v fMev‡bi bvg wb‡Z n‡e| Zuvi bv‡g me wKQy Ki‡Zn‡e| KZ©e¨K‡g© Ae‡njv Kiv Pj‡e bv| Avgv‡ì ag© I ms¯‹…wZi cÖwZ kª×vkxj n‡Z n‡e| gv‡qi GB wkÿvAvgiv †g‡b Pje|

GKK KvR : ag© I ms¯‹…wZPP©vq †ÿ‡Î gv Avb›`gqxi Ae`vb m¤ú‡K© †jL|

bZzb kã : wè¨fve, cybiy¾xweZ, mgvwa¯’|cvV 17 I 18 : kªxj fw³‡e`všÍ¯^vgx cÖfycv`

kªxj fw³‡e`všÍ¯^vgx cÖfycv` 1896 wLªóv‡ãi 1jv †m‡Þ¤îDËi KjKvZvi 151 bs n¨vwimb †iv‡Wi evwo‡Z Rb¥MÖnYK‡ib| Zuvi wcZvi bvg †MŠi‡gvnb †` Ges gv‡qi bvgiRbx| cÖfycv‡ì cÖK…Z bvg AfqPiY †`|

†MŠi‡gvnb GK †R¨vwZlx‡K w`‡q cy‡Îi †Kvôx ˆZwiKwi‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb GKwU fwel¨ØvYx K‡iwQ‡jb| GB wkï70 eQi eq‡m mgy`ª cvwo †`‡e| we‡`k hv‡e| GKRbag©cÖPviK wn‡m‡e L¨vwZ jvf Ki‡e Ges 108wU gw›ìcÖwZôv Ki‡e| Zuvi GB fwel¨ØvYxi cÖvq


meUvB m‡Z¨ cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| AfqPiY 1965 wLªóv‡ã 69 eQi eq‡m Av‡gwiKv hvb| †mLv‡b wn›`yag© cÖPviK‡ib| µgk Zuvi L¨vwZ c„w_exi me©Î Qwo‡q c‡o| K…òbvg cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ wZwb cÖwZôv K‡ib ÔAvšÍR©vwZKK…òfvebvg„Z msNÕ, ms‡ÿ‡c hv ÔBmKbÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| Avi wZwb cwiwPZ nb Ôkªxj fw³‡e`všÍ¯^vgx cÖfycv`Õbv‡g| we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k wZwb kZvwaK gw›ì cÖwZôv K‡ib|

†MŠi‡gvnb †` wQ‡jb GKRb m¤£všÍ e¯¿-eëmvqx| wKšyÍ e¨w³Rxe‡b wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb weï× êòe| wbqwgZK…òbvg Rc Ki‡Zb| gnvcÖfy kªx‰PZb¨ wQ‡jb Zuvi Av`k©| ˆPZb¨ cÖewZ©Z Ôn‡i K…ò n‡i ivgÕ wQj Zuvi mvabvig~jgš¿| wZwb wbqwgZ kªxg`&fvMe˜&MxZv I kªx‰PZb¨PwiZvg„Z cvV Ki‡Zb| wZwb PvB‡Zb †Q‡j AfqPiYI Zuvig‡Zv êòe †nvK| GRb¨ wZwb Zuv‡K wbqwgZ ivav-K…ò gw›`‡i wb‡q †h‡Zb| evjK eq‡mB Zuv‡K g„`½ evRv‡bv†mLvb| fRb, KxZ©b BZ¨vw` †kLvq Drmvn †`b|

AfqPi‡Yi gv iRbx †èx wQ‡jb ewa©òz †MŠoxq êòe cwiev‡ii Kb¨v| ZvB Zuvi g‡aÏ êòefv‡ei cÖKvkN‡U| wZwb wQ‡jb cwZeªZv I ag©civqYv GKRb Av`k© ¯¿x I Rbbx| evjK AfqPiY †`L‡Zb, Zuvi gv KxiKgmijZvmnKv‡i mK‡ji g½‡ji Rb¨ cÖv_©bv Ki‡Zb| c~Rv-cve©Y Abyôvb Ki‡Zb| gv‡qi GB fw³, mijZv IKZ©e¨civqYZv evjK AfqPi‡Yi g‡b Mfxi cÖfve †d‡j|

AfqPiY KjKvZvi ¯‹wUkPvP© K‡j‡R mœœvZK †kªwYi QvÎ| G-mgq Zuvi we‡q nq| ¯¿xi bvg ivavivwY †èx|wKšÍy ivavivwY wcÎvj‡qB Ae¯’vb KiwQ‡jb, AfqPi‡Yi cov‡kvbv †kl bv nIqv ch©šÍ|

ZLb fvi‡Zi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb µgk ZxeªZi nw”Qj| AfqPi‡Yi Ici Zvi GKUv cÖfve c‡owQj| GKBK‡j‡R GK K¬vm Ic‡i co‡Zb myfvlP›`ª emy| wZwb ¯̂vaxbZv msMÖv‡g †hvM †Ìqvi Rb¨ QvÎ‡ì Drmvnw`‡Zb| Zuvi e¨w³Z¡, e³„Zv I mvsMVwbK ÿgZv †`‡L AfqPiY gy» nb| wKšÍy mivmwi Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM †`b bv|Z‡e Bs‡iR‡ì wkÿveë¯’vi cÖwZ Zuvi GKUv Abxnvi fve m„wó nq| Gi †P‡q wZwb fvi‡Zi wbR¯^wkÿveë¯’v‡K AwaKZi g½jRbK g‡b K‡ib|

gnvZ¥v MvÜxi Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZI AfqPiY GKUv AvKl©Y Abyfe K‡ib| g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q wZwb Zuvi e³„Zv-wee„wZ ïb‡Zb Ges cvV Ki‡Zb|

1920 wLªóv‡ã AfqPiY mvd‡jï mv‡_ ¯œvZK cixÿvq DËxY© nb| wKšyÍ G-mgq cvÄv‡ei RvwjqvbIqvjvev‡MkZkZ wbi¯¿-wbixn gvbyl‡K Bs‡iR ˆmbïv nZ¨v K‡i| Gi cÖwZev‡` MvÜxwR Bs‡iR‡ì mewKQy eR©‡biAvnŸvb Rvbvb| GB AvnŸv‡b mvov w`‡q AfqPiY Zuvi wWwMÖ cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib| G-NUbvi ci wcZvi B”Qvq wZwbGKwU Ilya †Kv¤úvwb‡Z PvKwi †bb Ges 1932 wLªóv‡ã GB Kv‡RB mcwiev‡i Gjvnvev` P‡j hvb|

Gjvnvev‡` G‡mB AfqPi‡Yi Rxe‡bi †gvo Ny‡i hvq| GLv‡b wZwb kªxj fw³wm×všÍmi¯^Zx VvKz‡ii wkl¨Z¡MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi m‡½ AfqPi‡Yi BZtc~‡e©I (1922 wLªóv‡ã) KjKvZvq GKevi mvÿvr n‡qwQj| AfqPiYZLb ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vj‡bi fveavivq DØy× wQ‡jb| mi¯̂Zx VvKzi ZLb Zuv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔGme Av‡›`vj‡bi †P‡qˆPZb¨ gnvcÖfyi êòe Av‡›`vjb A‡bK Kvh©Ki| Òn‡i K…ò n‡i ivgÓ KxZ©b AwZ mn‡RB mKj †kªwYi gvbyl‡KKv‡Q Uvb‡Z cv‡i| msmv‡ii mg¯Í iKg `ytL-Kó fywj‡q kvwšÍ w`‡Z cv‡i| Kwjhy‡M Rx‡ev×v‡ii GUvBGKgvÎ c_|Õ †mB GKB K_v VvKzi GeviI AfqPiY‡K ej‡jb| AfqPiY Gevi ¸iyi Av‡`k wk‡ivavh© K‡iKvR ïiy K‡i w`‡jb|

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 83

AfqPiY ¸iyi Dc‡`k I wb‡Ri Av`k© cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ Back to Godhead bv‡g GKwU cwÎKv cÖKvk ïiyKi‡jb| kªxg`&fMe`&MxZv, kªxg`&fvMeZ I kªx‰PZb¨PwiZvg„Z Zuvi wZbwU wcÖq MÖš’ wQj| wZwb cÖ_g `ywUi fvlïPbv K‡ib| mevi Kv‡QB Zv AZ¨šÍ mgv`„Z n‡q‡Q| wZwb Zuvi cwÎKv Ges MÖš’ ZrKvjxb fvi‡Zi weL¨vZgbxlx‡ì Kv‡Q ch©šÍ †cuŠ‡Q w`‡qwQ‡jb| Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ gnvZ¥v MvÜx, cwÊZ ivavK…òvb, jvjevnv`yikv¯¿x cÖgyL| Gu‡ì m‡½ wZwb mvÿvrI K‡i‡Qb| Guiv Zuvi Kv‡Ri D”PcÖksmv K‡i‡Qb|

AfqPiY GK mgq K…òbvg ev K…òfvebvg„Z cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ PvKwi, msmvi me †Q‡o †`b| fvi‡Zi wewfbœ ¯’v‡bNy‡i †eovb| GK ch©v‡q wZwb e„›`ve‡b hvb| †mLv‡b wZwb mbœ¨vma‡g© `xÿv †bb| ZLb Zuvi bvg nqÔAfqPiYviwe›` fw³‡e`všÍ¯^vgxÕ| AviI c‡i wZwb Ôkªxj fw³‡e`všÍ¯^vgx cÖfycv`Õ bv‡g L¨vZ nb|

1977 wLªóv‡ãi 14B b‡f¤î cÖfycv` kªxK…‡òi jxjv‡ÿÎ e„›`ve‡b Bnjxjv mseiY K‡ib|

kªxj cÖfycv` wek¦vm Ki‡Zb, mKj RvwZi g‡a¨ K…òfvebvg„Z Qwo‡q w`‡Z cvi‡j †Kv‡bv RvwZ‡f` _vK‡e bv|wnsmv-we‡Øl _vK‡e bv| mevB mevB‡K fv‡jvevm‡e| hy×-weMÖn BZ¨vw` aŸsmvZ¥K KvR †_‡g hv‡e| Zuvi ¸iymi¯^Zx VvKziI Zuv‡K GK_vB e‡jwQ‡jb| wZwb AviI e‡jwQ‡jb, fviZe‡l©i evB‡iI GB K…òfvebvg„Z Qwo‡qw`‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡j Gi gva¨‡g wek¦åvZ…Z¡ M‡o DV‡e| G-Kvi‡YB kªxj cÖfycv` 1965 wLªóv‡ã Av‡gwiKv hvb|c‡ii eQi 1966 wLªóv‡ã wbD Bq‡K© cÖwZôv K‡ib ÔAvšÍR©vwZK K…òfvebvg„Z m•NÕ (BmKb)| ch©vqµ‡g we‡k¦iwewfbœ †`‡k GB m•N cÖwZwôZ nq| cÖfycv` g„Zzï AvM ch©šÍ GB ms¯’vwU cwiPvjbv K‡ib| wZwb kZvwaKgw›ì, Avkªg, ¯‹zj I K…ò‡K‡› ª̀i mgš^‡q GwU‡K GKwU AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôv‡b cwiYZ K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b c„w_exiwewfbœ †`‡k BmK‡bi 350wUiI †ewk gw›ì i‡q‡Q| cwðge‡½i gvqvcy‡i Gi cÖavb gw›ì Aew¯’Z|evsjv‡`‡ki XvKv, PÆMÖvg, wm‡jU, Kzwgjøv cÖf„wZ kn‡iI BmK‡bi gw›ì i‡q‡Q|

we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡ki nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl cÖfycv`-cÖewZ©Z GB gZv`‡k© AvK…ó n‡q K…òbv‡g `xwÿZ n‡”Qb|Gfv‡e Zuviv GKwU K…ò-cwievi ˆZwi K‡i ˆPZb¨‡è-cÖewZ©Z êòexq RxebvPvi cvjb Ki‡Qb| BmK‡bi g~jD‡Ïk¨ K…òbv‡gi gva¨‡g gvby‡li g‡a¨ Ava¨vwZ¥K †PZbv RvMÖZ Kiv| ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ kª×v-fv‡jvevmv m„wó Kiv|gvby‡l-gvby‡l †f`v‡f` `~i Kiv| Áv‡bi Av‡jv Øviv AÁvbZv I Kzms¯‹vi `~i Kiv| wewfbœ mgvR‡mevg~jK KvRKiv| wkï‡ì g‡a¨ wkÿv`vb Kiv| `wi`ª‡ì g‡a¨ `vZe¨ wPwKrmv cÖ`vb Kiv| MxZvi `k©b I mvs¯‹…wZKwewbg‡qi gva¨‡g Ab¨vb¨ ag©vej¤^x‡ì m‡½ `~iZ¡ Kwg‡q AvbvI BmK‡bi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨|

bZzb kã : g„`½, ewa©òz, †MŠoxq êòe, BmKb, êòexq RxebvPvi|

cwiKwíZ KvR : wkÿv_©x Dc‡i ewY©Z gnvcyiyl I gnxqmx bvix‡ì Qwe msMÖn Ki‡e| Zuv‡ì wkÿvmg~nGKUv KvM‡R wj‡L covi †Uwe‡ji mvg‡b Uvwb‡q ivL‡e, hv‡Z me mgq Zv †Pv‡L c‡o| cvV¨-ewnf©~ZAb¨vb¨ gnvcyiyl I gnxqmx bvix‡ì m¤ú‡K©I Rvbvi †Póv Ki‡e Ges Zuv‡ì Qwe msMÖn Kivi †Póv Ki‡e|


Abykxjbx


1. K…ò mvivRxebB ............... iÿv K‡i‡Qb|

2. `ye©j kix‡i .................. nq bv|

3. bwjbxi `v`vgkvB wQ‡jb ...............|

4. VvKzi AbyK~jP›`ª kvixwiK wPwKrmvi cvkvcvwk .............. wPwKrmvI ïiy K‡ib|

5. kvnev‡M gv Kvjxi gw›`‡i wbg©jvi g‡a¨ ............. cÖKwUZ nq|

Wvb cvk †_‡K kã ev evK¨vsk wb‡q evgcv‡ki mv‡_ wgj Ki :

evg cvk Wvb cvk

1. RivmÜ wQ‡jb gMa‡ì ivRv Ges `y‡h©va‡bi AvZ¥xq

2. gZzqv m¤cÖ`vq nwiPuv` VvKzi‡K weòzi AeZvi wn‡m‡e Ávb K‡ib

3. b‡i› ª̀bv_ kªxivgK…‡òi wbKU Z¨v‡Mi g‡š¿ `xÿv †bb

4. bwjbx Ávbx ¸iyi mÜvb cvb wbR MÖv‡g wd‡i Av‡mb

5. AbyK~jP›`ª Wv³vi n‡q Ks‡mi k¦ïi

cy®‹iZx‡_©

wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi ms‡ÿ‡c DËi `vI :1. c„w_ex‡Z kªxK…‡òi AeZxY© nIqvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

2. nwiPuv` VvKz‡ii Abymvix‡ì ÔgZzqvÕ ejvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

3. VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì ci‡jvK m¤ú‡K© PP©v Kivi g~j KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. VvKzi AbyK~jP›`ª gvbwmK wPwKrmv ïiy K‡iwQ‡jb †Kb ?

5. ¯^vgx we‡eKvb›` hyeK‡ì‡K kixi MV‡bi Dci ¸iyZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb †Kb ?

wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jv DËi `vI :

1. ÔkªxK…ò KZ…©K Ksm ea wQj Aek¨¤¢vexÕ gšÍe¨wU we‡kø-lY Ki|

2. wkKv‡Mvi wek¦ag© m‡¤§j‡b ¯̂vgx we‡eKvb‡›ì fvl‡Yi cÖfve eY©bv Ki|

3. VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì `k©b e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. VvKzi AbyK~jP›`ª cÖwZwôZ mrm‡•Ni Kg©KvÊ eY©bv Ki|

5. ÔBmK‡biÕ g~j D‡Ïk¨ I mgv‡R Gi cÖfve eY©bv Ki|

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 85


1. hywawô‡ii ivRm~q h‡Á †kªô e¨w³ wbe©vwPZ n‡qwQ‡jb †K ?

K. fx®§ L. kªxK…ò

M. ejivg N. we`yi

2. Ôag©PP©vi Rb¨ msmviZ¨v‡Mi cª‡qvRb bvBÕÑ Giƒc e³e¨wUÑ

i. nwiPuv` VvKz‡ii

ii. VvKzi AbyK~jP‡›`ªi

iii. gv Avb›`gqxi


K. i L. i I ii


wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 3 I 4 b¤î cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :

gb‡gvnbevey Rbìw` I avwg©K gvbyl wKš‘ wZwb ü`‡iv‡M AvµvšÍ| nv‡U© eøK aiv c‡o‡Q| Wv³v‡ii civgk©Abyhvqx wZwb XvKvi †mvnivIqv`x© nvmcvZv‡j Acv‡ik‡bi Rb¨ fwZ© nb| wZwb jÿ Ki‡jb Zuvi cv‡ki †ivMxi

Ae¯’v AviI Lvivc| wKšyÍ UvKvi Afv‡e Acv‡ikb Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| wZwb Zvi wb‡Ri Acv‡ik‡bi UvKv cv‡ki†ivMx‡K w`‡q †`b|

3. gb‡gvnbeveyi AvPi‡Y †Kvb mva‡Ki Av`k© dz‡U D‡V‡Q ?

K. ¯^vgx we‡eKvb‡›ì

L. VvKzi AbyK~jP‡›`ªi

M. nwiPuv` VvKz‡ii

N. VvKzi wbMgvb‡›ì

4. mvab-fR‡b D³ mva‡Ki gg©K_v n‡jvÑ

K. Rxe‡mev Ki‡j Ck¦i‡mev n‡e

L. msmv‡i †_‡KI fMev‡bi cÖwZ gb ivL‡Z n‡e

M. fw³i m‡½ nwii bvg wb‡jB Ck¦i‡K cvIqv hv‡e

N. †mev I fw³i c‡_B A‰ØZ eªþÁvb jvf n‡e|


m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

1. Kvbb‡èx PvKzwi, mvsmvwiK KvR I ag©Kg© mywbcyYfv‡e cvj‡bi gva¨‡gB Ck¦i‡mevi Avb›` cvb|e¨w³Rxe‡b Zuvi GKwU we‡kl AvKv•ÿv wQj evwo‡Z ivav-†Mvwe‡›ì gw›ì cÖwZôv Kiv| Zuvi B”QvwUmv_©Kfv‡e c~iY Kivi Rb¨ wZwb DcvwR©Z A‡_© GjvKvi cyivZb gw›ì ms¯‹vi I GKwU bZzb gw›ìcÖwZôv K‡i ivav‡Mvwe‡›ì c~Rvi eë¯’v K‡ib| wZwb GjvKvi gvbyl‡K †è-†èxi c~Rvi gva¨‡gBCk¦iÁv‡b c~Y©Zv jvf Kiv hvq G-wel‡q m‡PZb K‡ib|

K. gv Avb›`gqxi c~e©bvg Kx ?

L. gv Avb›`gqxi K…ò‡cÖ‡g AvKzj nIqvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. Kvbb‡èxi msmviag© cvj‡bi mv‡_ gv Avb›`gqxi Kg©gq Rxe‡bi Kx êmv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Zve¨vL¨v Ki|

N. ÔGjvKvi gvby‡li cÖwZ Kvbb‡èxi Ck¦i-Avivabvi e³e¨ †hb gv Avb›`gqxi e³‡eïBcÖwZdjbÕÑ Zzwg wK GB e³‡eï mv‡_ GKgZ ? †Zvgvi g‡Zi ¯̂c‡ÿ hyw³ `vI|

2. weavb I Kgj GjvKvq wPwýZ mš¿vmx I Puv`vevR| Zv‡ì AZ¨vPv‡i GjvKvi RbMY AwZô| k¨vgjmr I ag©civqY| GjvKv‡Z wZwb A‡bK‡KB ag©c‡_ wdwi‡q G‡b‡Qb| weavb I Kgj‡K AvB‡biiÿKMY wbwðý K‡i †dj‡Z PvB‡jI k¨vgj Zv‡Z AvcwË Rvbvb| wZwb weavb I Kgj‡K ¯^vfvweKRxe‡b wdwi‡q Avbvi `vwqZ¡ wb‡jb| k¨vgj weavb‡K ¯̂vfvweK Rxe‡b wdwi‡q Avb‡Z cvi‡jIKgj‡K wdwi‡q Avb‡Z cv‡ibwb| Kgj Zvi Av‡Mi Kg© cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GKw`b AcivamsNUbKv‡j †m RbM‡Yi nv‡Z aiv c‡o Ges wbnZ nq|

K. RivmÜ †Kvb iv‡Rï ivRv wQ‡jb ?

L. `y‡h©vab hywawôi‡K cvkv †Ljvq AvnŸvb K‡iwQ‡jb †Kb ? e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. †Kvb ˆbwZK wkÿvi Av‡jv‡K k¨vgj weavb‡K ¯^vfvweK Rxe‡b wdwi‡q G‡bwQ‡jb?†Zvgvi cwVZ ÔkªxK…‡òi RxebPwiZÕ wkÿvi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. b¨v‡qi c‡_ Kg‡ji wd‡i bv Avmvi KviY †Zvgvi cwVZ kªxK…‡òi Ksme‡ai wkÿviAv‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki|

Av`k© RxebPwiZ 87

Aóg Aa¨vqwn›`yag© I ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva

e¨w³, mgvR ev RvwZ I êwk¦K ch©v‡q GKRb e¨w³ ev RvwZi AvPiY Ab¨ e¨w³ I mgvR ev RvwZi cªwZ †Kgbn‡e, Zv wba©vi‡Yi gvcKvwVUvB n‡”Q ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva| †hgbÑ gvbeZv‡eva, mrmvnm, b¨vqwePvi, mrm½,mshg, Awnsmv cÖf…wZ|

Avgvi Rvwb, ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai gvcKvwV‡Z wePvi Kiv hvq, †K ev †Kvb RvwZ KZUv mf¨ ? e¨w³ I mvgvwRK †ÿ‡Îag© ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva MV‡b mnvqZv K‡i| Avevi ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva †_‡K †evSv hvq, †K KZUzKz agx©q gnr Av`k©cvjb K‡i| myZivs a‡g©i m‡½ ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai GKUv m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| wn›`ya‡g©i †ÿ‡ÎI GK_v cÖ‡hvR¨|

Avgiv G-Aa¨v‡q ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai aviYv Ges b¨vqwePvi, mrm½, mshg I AwnsmvÑ G-g~j¨‡eva¸‡jvwn›`ya‡g©i Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Kie| e¨vL¨v Kie cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I ivóªxq Rxe‡b GmKj g~j¨‡eva MV‡biDcvq|

Awnsmv Ges mwnsmZv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kie Ges GBWm †iv‡Mi KviY, Gi cÖfve I Gi cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Dcvqe¨vL¨v Kie|

G-Aa¨vq †_‡K AvgivÑ

•� ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

• � wn›`ya‡g©i Av‡jv‡K b¨vqwePvi, mrm½, mshg I AwnsmvÑ G-ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva¸‡jv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I ivóªxq Rxe‡b b¨vqwePvi, mrm½, mshg I AwnsmvÑ G-ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva¸‡jvMV‡bi Dcvq e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvie

•� GBPAvBwf/GBW‡mi KviY, cÖfve I Gi cÖwZ‡iv‡a KiYxq Ges GBWm †iv‡M AvµvšÍ †ivMxi mv‡_Kxiƒc AvPiY Kiv DwPZ, Zv wn›`ya‡g©i Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Z cvie

•� e¨w³ I mvgvwRK Rxe‡b Av‡jvwPZ ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva¸‡jvi cÖwZdjb NUv‡Z DØy× ne|

cvV 1 : ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai aviYv

Avgiv Rvwb, ÔbxwZÕ K_vwUi A_© n‡”Q †KvbUv fv‡jv KvR Avi †KvbUv g›` KvR Zv Dcjwä K‡i fv‡jv KvR

Kivq DØy× nIqv Ges fv‡jv Kv‡R AvZ¥wb‡qvM Kivi cÖeYZv |

bxwZi m‡½ RwoZ †h-welq, Zv‡K ejv nq ÔˆbwZKZvÕ| †hgb, ˆbwZK wkÿvi A_© bxwZ-m¤úwK©Z wkÿv|

mZ¨ K_v ejv DwPZ| ZvB Avgiv mevB me©`v mZ¨ K_v eje| ¸iyRb‡ì fw³ Kiv KZ©e¨ | ZvB mevB

¸iyRb‡ì fw³ Kie, Zuv‡ì †mev Kie| Ck¦iÁv‡b Rx‡ei †mev Kie| KviY Rx‡ei g‡a¨ AvZ¥viƒ‡c Ck¦i

weivR K‡ib| Gfv‡e ˆbwZK wkÿv †_‡K Rxebhvc‡bi †ÿ‡Î Avgv‡ì †h-ˆbwZKZv‡eva RvMÖZ nq, Zvi bvg

g~j¨‡eva|

mKj gvby‡liB G-g~j¨‡eva _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³i g‡a¨ ev mgv‡R Gi NvUwZ †`Lv †`q, Zvn‡j

Avgiv ewj, g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq N‡U‡Q| G-g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖKvk bvbvfv‡e NU‡Z cv‡i| †hgbÑ iywP ev †mŠ›`h©

m¤ú‡K© g~j¨‡eva, RMr I Rxeb m¤ú‡K© g~j¨‡eva BZ¨vw`| e¨w³, mgvR ev RvwZ Ges AvšÍR©vwZKÑ G-wZb

ch©v‡qB wbw`©ó g~j¨‡eva Øviv Avgiv cwiPvwjZ nB|

g~j¨‡eva‡K hLb bxwZi m‡½ m¤úwK©Z K‡i †`Lv nq, ZLb Zv‡K ejv nq ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva|

Ôg~j¨Õ K_vUv Øviv gvb ev cwigvY †evSvq| g~j¨‡eva n‡”Q RMr I Rxeb m¤ú‡K© wewfbœ cÖKvi †ev‡ai GKUv Ask

gvÎ| myZivs Gw`K †_‡K ÔˆbwZK g~j¨‡evaÕ g~j¨‡ev‡ai GKUv gvb‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| †hgbÑ †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K

Avgiv †Kgb `„wó‡Z †`Le ? ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva e‡j : wb‡Ri mgvb Ávb Ki‡Z n‡e| wKšÍy Avgiv A‡bK mgq

†ckv weË c`gh©v`v cÖf…wZ we‡ePbv K‡i eënv‡ii gvb wba©viY Kwi| G‡Z ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖwZdjb N‡U bv|

hLb gvbyl‡K cÖK…Z gh©v`v I m¤§vb w`‡Z weË, †ckv, c`gh©v`v, ag©gZ we‡ePbvq bv wb‡q, mv‡gï `„wó‡Z †`wL,

ZLb Zvi g‡a¨ NU‡e ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖK…Z cÖKvk|

a‡g©i m‡½ ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai Mfxi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| ag©m¤§Z Rxebhvc‡bi g‡a¨ ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖKvk N‡U|

Avevi ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva¸‡jv a‡g©i A½ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq|

wn›`yag© ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai GKwU D”Pgvb cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| whwb avwg©K, Zuvi AvPi‡Yi g‡a¨ ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai

cÖKvk NU‡ZB n‡e| KviY ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva¸‡jv a‡g©i A½|

GLv‡b Avgiv wn›`ya‡g©i Av‡jv‡K b¨vqwePvi, mrm½, mshg, AwnsmvÑ G-g~j¨‡eva¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Rvbe|

bZzb kã : DØy×, weË, cÖwZcvjb|

wn›`yag© I ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva 89

cvV 2 : b¨vqwePviGKm‡½ emevm Ki‡Z wM‡q gvbyl †h-cÖwZôvb M‡oZz‡j‡Q, Zvi bvg mgvR| mgv‡R mKj‡K wg‡jwg‡k

_vK‡Z nq| wKšyÍ bvbv Kvi‡Y mgv‡Ri m`m¨‡ì g‡a¨g‡Zi Awgj †`Lv †`q| g‡Zi Awgj g‡bi Awg‡jcwiYZ n‡q SMov ch©šÍ Movq| ZLb `yc‡ÿi g‡a¨ †KmwVK Ges †K mwVK bq, Zv wbY©q Ki‡Z nq| Avevi`yc‡ÿi Rb¨ KvD‡K Awfhy³ Ki‡jB Zv‡K `Ê †Ìqvhvq bv| Avm‡jB †m Acivax wK bv Zv wba©viY Ki‡Znq| †Kv‡bv wel‡q †K mwVK Ges †K åvšÍ, Awfhy³e¨w³ Acivax bv wbicivwa G-wel‡q wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi †hc×wZ, Zvi bvgwePvi|

wePviK‡K _vK‡Z nq wbi‡cÿ| Zvu‡K wbf©yjfv‡e wePvi Ki‡Z nq †K mwVK Avi †K mwVK bq wKsev Awfhy³Acivax bv wbiciva| †Kv‡bv c‡ÿi cÖwZ cÿcvwZZ¡ bv †`wL‡q bxwZ Ges ag© ev AvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K wePvi Kivibvg b¨vqwePvi|

b¨vqwePvi mgvR‡K myc‡_ cwiPvwjZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î ewjô f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| wePviK hLb wePvi K‡ib, ZLb †KcyÎ, †K eÜz, †K AvZ¥xq, Zv †`‡Lb bv| Zvu‡K b¨vq-bxwZ, ag© ev AvBb Ges hyw³i Øviv cwiPvwjZ n‡Z nq|†mLv‡b kÖ×v, mœœn, fv‡jvevmv cÖf…wZ Av‡e‡Mi †Kv‡bv ¯’vb †bB| Awfhy³ e¨w³i Rb¨ Kó †c‡jI wePviK‡Kb¨vqwePvi Ki‡Z nq|

G-wel‡q Kwe¸iy iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi e‡j‡QbÑ

`wÊ‡Zi mv‡_ `Ê`vZv Kvu‡` h‡e

me©‡kÖô †m wePvi|

Avgiv weòzf³ cÖn¬v‡ì K_v Rvwb| wZwb ˆ`Z¨Kz‡j Rb¥ wb‡qI weòzf³ n‡q‡Qb| b¨vqwePv‡ii RbÏ wZwbcÖwm× n‡q Av‡Qb| GLb gnvfviZ †_‡K Zuvi b¨vqwePv‡ii GKwU DcvL¨vb Rvbe|

cvV 3 : cÖn¬v‡ì b¨vqwePvi

weòzf³ cÖn¬v` ivRZ¡ Ki‡Qb| Zvui mykvm‡b cÖRviv my‡LB Av‡Q| Zvui †Q‡j we‡ivPb| we‡ivPb ivRcyÎ e‡jB†nvK, Avi wb‡Ri Pwi‡Îi Rb¨B †nvK, wKQzUv D×Z Avi AnsKvix| ZLb ivRavbx‡Z myaš^v bv‡g GK ZiyYeªvþY wQ‡jb| GB myaš̂vi m‡½ ivRcyÎ we‡ivP‡bi m¤úK© fv‡jv wQ‡jv bv| GKevi `yR‡bi g‡a¨ †K Áv‡b I¸‡Y AMÖMY¨ Zv wb‡q Ø‡›Øi m„wó nq| ZLb we‡ivPb e‡jb, ÔP‡jv, Avgiv weØvb e¨w³‡ì Kv‡Q G-wel‡qwePv‡ii fvi Ac©Y Kwi|Õ


ZLb myaš̂v ej‡jb, ÔivRv n‡jb kvmK| myZivs ivRvi Kv‡QB wePvi cÖv_©bv Kiv DwPZ| P‡jv, Avgiv †ZvgviwcZv gnvivR cÖn¬v‡ì Kv‡Q hvB| Avkv Kwi wZwb b¨vqwePvi Ki‡eb|Õ

`yR‡b gnvivR cÖn¬v‡ì Kv‡Q wM‡q wePvi cÖv_©bv Ki‡jb| gnvivR cÖn¬v` me ï‡b ej‡jb, ÔivRcyÎ we‡ivPbkw³gvb I eyw×gvb ; wKš‘ Zvi J×Z¨ I AnsKvi Zvi PwiÎ‡K wKQzUv gwjb K‡i‡QÑ †hgb Pvu‡ì i‡q‡QKj¼|Õ

we‡ivPb : wcZvÑ

cÖn¬v` : n¨vu cyÎ| evav wÌ bv, Avgv‡K ej‡Z `vI|

cÖn¬v` ej‡Z jvM‡jb, ÒeªvþYKzgvi myaš^v ag©civqY, mZëv`x Ges âh© I msh‡gi e‡j ejxqvb| Awnsmv ZviPwiÎ‡K AviI D¾¡j K‡i‡Q| myZivs we‡ivPb I myaš̂vi g‡a¨ myaš^vB Áv‡b I ¸‡Y AMÖMY¨|Ó

cy‡Îi cÖwZ cÿcvwZZ¡ bv †`wL‡q wbi‡cÿfv‡e cÖn¬v‡ì G-wePvi b¨vqwePv‡ii GK D¾¡j `„óvšÍ n‡q i‡q‡Q|

GKK KvR : cÖn¬v‡ì b¨vqwePv‡ii wkÿv Zzwg Kxfv‡e RxebvPi‡Y cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e|

cvV 4 I 5 : mrm½mrm½ n‡”Q mr‡jv‡Ki mvwbœa¨| mr †jv‡Ki m‡½ Pjv-†div, IVvÑemv wKsev Rxebhvcb| mrm½ AZ¨šÍ gayi|mr‡jv‡Ki m‡½ _vK‡j wbwðšÍ _vKv hvq| KviY mr‡jvK Kv‡iv ÿwZ †Zv K‡ibB bv, eis cvi‡j DcKviK‡ib| ZvB †Zv cÖePb i‡q‡Q, Ômrm‡½ ¯̂M©evm, Amrm‡½ me©bvkÕ|

kÖxivgK…ò cignsm‡è eûevi mrm‡½i K_v f³‡ì e‡j‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb †h mrm½ gb‡K cweÎ K‡i,PwiÎ‡K DbœZ K‡i Ges fw³fve RvMÖZ K‡i|


Avgiv ï‡bwQ cikcv_i †jvnv‡K ¯̂‡Y© cwiYZ K‡i| †Zgwb mrm½ `ye„©Ë‡KI mr I gnr K‡i †Zv‡j |

G-m¤ú‡K© GKwU Kvwnbx ejwQ|

mvay I kªxai

Qvqv mywbweo my›ì GKwU MÖvg| †mLv‡b evm KiZ GKwU wK‡kvi| bvg Zvi kÖxai| fxlY `yó wQj †m, Aí‡ZB†i‡M †hZ | SMov jvwM‡q gvivgvwi KiZ| GgbwK Pzwi Ki‡ZI Zvi †Kv‡bv KzÉv wQj bv|

kªxai GKw`b Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z Gj e`wiKv AvkÖ‡g| weL¨vZ AvkÖg| KZ gw›ì, KZ ag©kvjv, KZ wkÿvcÖwZôvb|

†mLvbKvi GK gw›`‡i †Mj †m | †`Lj, gw›`‡ii weMÖ‡ni Mjvq Szj‡Q gy³vi gvjv| ivZ ch©šÍ A‡cÿv Kij †m|Zvici Mfxi iv‡Z my‡KŠk‡j Pzwi Kij †èweMÖ‡ni Mjvi †mB gy³vi gvjv| Pzwi K‡i †mLvb †_‡K cvjvj †m|

my›ì gvjvwU Mjvq c‡i †m c‡_ Pj‡Z jvMj| Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z †m Gj GK mvayi AvkÖ‡g|

mvay Zuvi mvabvi cvkvcvwk †mev-kykÖ~lv K‡ib| e‡jb, Rxe‡K †mev Ki‡j Ck¦i‡K †mev Kiv nq|

mvay kÖxai‡K ej‡jb, ÔAvgvi GKUv DcKviKi‡Z cvi‡e, evev ?Õ

kÖxai, ÔKx Ki‡Z n‡e ejyb|Õ

mbœ¨vmx ZLb Zuvi †Svjv †_‡K GKwU gy³v †eiK‡i ej‡jb, ÔG gy³vwU GKR‡bi gvjv †_‡KL‡m c‡o‡Q| gvjvi gvwjK e`wiKv AvkÖg †_‡KG‡m‡Qb| wZwb Pj‡Qb Zvui †`‡k| gy³vwU Avwg†Zvgvq w`w”Q| c_ Pj‡Z hw` †`Lv nq, Zvn‡jIUv Zuv‡K w`‡q wÌ|Õ kÖxai gy³vwU nv‡Z wbjZvici wb‡Ri gvjvq nvZ w`‡q †`Lj, gy³vwU ZviMjvi gvjv †_‡KB L‡m c‡o‡Q| KLb Kxfv‡ec‡o‡Q, Zv †m wb‡RB Rv‡b bv|

mvay‡K cÖkœ Kij kÖxai, ÔAvcwb †Kgb K‡i Rvb‡jb †h Avgvi Mjvi gvjv †_‡KB gy³v L‡m c‡o‡Q? wKš‘gvjvwU Avgvi bq, Avwg GUv e`wiKv AvkÖ‡gi GK †èweMÖ‡ni Mjv †_‡K Pzwi K‡iwQ| GLb Kx Kie Avwg !Õ

GK_v e‡jB †m Kvu`‡Z jvMj|

mvay eyS‡jb, Amr ü`‡q mZZvi D`q n‡q‡Q| wZwb kÖxai‡K ej‡jb, Ôevev kÖxai, GKevi cvc Ki‡j †hwPiKvj Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv bq| G‡mv, cy‡Yï c‡_ G‡mv| †èZvi gvjv Zzwg †èZv‡K wdwi‡q w`‡q G‡mv| Zvn‡jwZwbB †Zvgv‡K ÿgv Ki‡eb|Õ

mvayi K_vg‡Zv kÖxai e`wiKv AvkÖ‡g †Mj, KvD‡K bv Rvwb‡q †èweMÖ‡ni Mjvi †mB gy³vi gvjvwU cwi‡q w`j|Zvici evwo bv wM‡q wd‡i †Mj †mB mvayi Avkª‡g|

kÖxai mvayi m‡½ _v‡K| mvay cÖwZw`b †fv‡i ¯œvb K‡ib| kÖxaiI cÖwZw`b †fv‡i D‡V œ̄vb Kiv ïiy Kij| †m†j‡M coj AvkÖ‡gi bvbv Kv‡R|


GKw`b b`x‡Z GKwU weovj‡K nveyWzey †L‡Z †`‡L †m Svuc w`‡q coj| Zz‡j Avbj weovjwU‡K|

msµvgK e¨vwa‡Z g„Z GK wfLvwii ke Kvu‡a K‡i k¥kv‡b wb‡q †Mj †m|

Gfv‡e Av‡Z©i †mevq eªZx n‡jv kÖxai|

GKw`b †m mvayi AbygwZ wb‡q evwo †Mj| Zv‡K †`‡L †KD wPb‡Z cvij bv| cvi‡e Kx K‡i ? †m †Zv AviAv‡Mi kÖxai †bB| †m GLb ZiyY mvaK| Z‡e Zvi gv Zv‡K wPb‡jb,

ÔkÖxai, ZzB !Õ

Ôn¨vu gv Avwg| Avwg †Zvgvi kÖxai|Õ

`ye„©Ë kÖxai bq, †Pvi kÖxai bq| †m GLb mr I †meveªZx|

mrm½ Gfv‡e `ye„©Ë‡K mr I †meveªZx GK gnvb gvby‡l cwiYZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

mrm‡½i GgbB gwngv|

`jxq KvR: kÖxa‡ii wkÿv e¨w³ I mgvRRxe‡b Kx cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i G-wel‡q GKwU cÖeÜ †jL|

bZzb kã : KzÉv, ag©kvjv, weMÖn, ke, eªZx, `ye„©Ë, †meveªZx|

cvV 6 I 7 : mshgÔmshgÕ K_vwUi A_© n‡jv wb‡R‡K wbqš¿Y Kiv| kv‡¯¿ wn›`ya‡g©i †h-`kwU jÿ‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, Ô`gÕ IÔBw›`ªqwbMÖnÕ †m¸‡jvi AšÍM©Z| Ô`gÕ gv‡b `gb Kiv| ÔBw› ª̀qwbMÖnÕ gv‡b Bw› ª̀q‡K wbqš¿Y Kiv| Bw›`ª‡qi `vweAbymv‡i bv P‡j Zv‡K wb‡Ri B‡”Qg‡Zv Pvjv‡bv‡KB e‡j ÔBw› ª̀qwbMÖnÕ|

GKwU D`vniY w`‡j welqwU AviI ¯úó n‡e| aiv hvK, evwo‡Z we‡qi Abyôvb| GKwU N‡i cÖPzi `BÑwgwóG‡b ivLv n‡q‡Q| Avwg H N‡i XzKjvg| N‡i Avi †KD †bB| Avgvi †jvf n‡jv, ILvb †_‡K GKUv wgwó Zz‡jLvB| †KD †Zv Avi †`L‡Q bv| ciÿ‡YB wPšÍv n‡jv, gvbyl bv †nvK Ck¦i †Zv †`L‡Qb| ZvQvov Pywi Kiv GKUvA‰bwZK KvR| ZvB Avwg †jvf‡K `gb Kijvg| Gi ga¨ w`‡q Avgvi wRnev bvgK Bw›`ªq‡K wbMÖn ev wbqš¿YKviv n‡jv| `g I Bw› ª̀qwbMÖn‡K GKm‡½ mshg ejv nq|

G-mshg Zcm¨vi Ask| Zcm¨v n‡”Q jÿ¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ mhZœ cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv| †hvMkv‡¯¿ ejv n‡q‡Q, a‡g©iPviwU wfwË| G¸‡jv n‡”Q : Zcm¨v, †kŠP, `qv I mZ¨| Zcm¨vB g~j ag©| Aci wZbwU Zcm¨vi Ask e‡jwe‡ewPZ| Zcm¨vi Avevi cÖKvi‡f` Av‡Q| †hgbÑ kvixwiK Zcm¨v, evwPK Zcm¨v, gvbwmK Zcm¨v BZ¨vw`|

kxZ, DòZv, ÿyav, Z…òv BZ¨vw` mn¨ Kiv, †èZv‡ì c~Rv, ¸iyRb‡ì kÖ×v Kiv, mijZv, Awnsmv cÖf…wZkvixwiK Zcm¨v|

mZ¨, wcÖq, wnZKi ev‡Kï cÖ‡qvM I kv¯¿cvV‡K evwPK Zcm¨v e‡j| Avi wP‡Ëi cÖmbœZv AwbôziZv evKmshg IAvZ¥mshg (wb‡R‡K wbqš¿Y Kiv), QjPvZzix bv Kiv BZ¨vw` n‡”Q gvbwmK Zcm¨v| myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q, mshgZcm¨vi Ask Ges a‡g©iI A½|


mshg Qvov Rxeb nvjnxb †bŠKv ev eêvnxb †Nvovi g‡Zv| †Kv‡bv wbqš¿Y _v‡K bv| Zvi d‡j Rxe‡b Av‡mDPQ…•LjZv| mshg Avgv‡ì PwiÎ‡K k„•LjvgwÊZ I gnr K‡i| myZivs mshgmvabv wmw×jv‡fi Ab¨Zg cÖavb Dcvq|

mshg eªþP‡h©i Ask| msh‡gi ga¨ w`‡q ¸iyM„‡n wkÿvRxeb AwZevwnZ Kivi mgqKvj‡K kv‡¯¿ eªþPh© ejvn‡q‡Q| myZivs mshg n‡”Q QvÎRxe‡bi A½ |

mshg bv _vK‡j e¨w³MZ I mvgvwRK †h-†Kvb KvR cÊ nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| ZvB †Zv ejv nq, mshg nvwi‡qÔ†i‡M †M‡jb †Zv †n‡i †M‡jbÕ|

mshg‡K mviv Rxe‡bi m½x Ki‡Z n‡e| Rxe‡bi mKj †ÿ‡Î mshg eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| Fwl ewkô me©ve¯’vqmshg eRvq †i‡L‡Qb e‡jB wZwb me©Rbc~R¨ gnwl©iƒ‡c ¯̂xK…Z n‡qwQ‡jb|

cÿvšÍ‡i Fwl `ye©vmv gv‡Sgv‡SB mshg nviv‡Zb| Zvi Rb¨ wZwb Kó †fvM K‡i‡Qb Ges Ach‡k Kjw¼Zn‡q‡Qb|

myZivs mshg Rxe‡bi mnvqK| cigZmwnòz n‡Z n‡jI msh‡gi Af¨vm Ki‡Z n‡e|

mshg I cigZmwnòzZv e¨w³Rxeb I mgvRRxeb cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î Acwinvh©|

GKK KvR : Rxe‡b msh‡gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© cuvPwU evK¨ †jL|

bZzb kã : `g, Bw› ª̀qwbMÖn, Zcm¨v, †kŠP, evwPK, wnZKi, cÖmbœZv, evKmshg, QjPvZzix, nvjnxb,eêvnxb, wmw×jvf|

cvV 8 : AwnsmvRxe‡K cxob I nZ¨v bv Kiv‡K ejv nq Awnsmv| †hvMkv‡¯¿ hg (mshg), wbqg, Avmb, cÖvYvqvg, cÖZ¨vnvi, a¨vb,aviYv I mgvwa bv‡g †hv‡Mi AvUwU A‡½i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| hg ev mshg Awnsmvi wfwË|

mwnsmZv Awnsmvi wecixZ| Rxe‡K cxob ev nZ¨v Kivi cÖe„wË‡K e‡j mwnsmZv|

Avgiv weË, L¨vwZ, cÖwZcwË, hk BZ¨vw` †c‡Z PvB| Avi G¸‡jv cvIqvi c‡_ hviv evav n‡q `vuovq, Zv‡ì cÖwZmwnsm AvPiY Kwi| G-AvPiY A‰bwZK|

mswnsmZv mgv‡R wek„•LjZv m„wó K‡i Ges gvbyl‡K Kó †`q| A‡bK mgq mswnsmZv cÖvYni‡Yi KviY nq|myZivs mwnsmZv Aag©|

gbymswnZvq ejv n‡q‡Q, whwb wbôyi AvPiY K‡ib bv, KvD‡K wnsmv K‡ib bv, wZwb ¯̂M©‡jvK Rq Ki‡Z cv‡ib(4/246)| gbymswnZv †_‡K Awnsmv m¤ú‡K© AviI Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, whwb Awnsm, wZwb ag©K…Z¨mn mKjmrKv‡R mvdj¨ jvf K‡ib| (5/45)|

ïay gby mswnZv‡ZB bq, wn›`ya‡g©i wewfbœ MÖ‡š’ Awnsmv m¤ú‡©K we¯Íi AvjvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Awnsmv hg (mshg)bvgK †hv‡Mi Ask wn‡m‡e mvabv ev Zcm¨vi mnvqK, Bn‡jv‡Ki Aej¤̂b Ges ci‡jv‡K †gvÿjv‡fi Ab¨ZgcÖavb Dcvq| ZvB †Zv ejv nq ÔAwnsmv cig ag©Õ|


gnvfvi‡Z hywawôi‡K Dc‡`k w`‡Z wM‡q fx®§ e‡j‡Qb, mKj Rx‡e Awnsmv cig ag© e‡j Rvb‡e|

wnsmvi cwiYvg ïf nq bv| †KŠi‡eiv cvÊe‡ì wnsmv Ki‡Zb| Zvu‡ì cwiYvg ïf nqwb|

Z‡e Awnsmv ej‡Z wKš‘ KvcyiylZv ev fxiyZv‡K †evSvq bv| wbwe©Pvi ÿgvI †evSvq bv| b¨vqwePvi K‡i Acivaxikvw¯Í`vb wnsmv e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv|

wb‡Ri ¯^v‡_© cicxob, c‡ii ÿwZ Kivi †Póv ev KvD‡K nZ¨v Kiv‡KB mwnsmZv ejv n‡q‡Q| myZivs cicxobbv KivB Awnsmv| Awnsmv e¨w³‡K gnvb K‡i, mgv‡R kvwšÍ Av‡m| Awnsmv a‡g©i A½ Ges GKwU AbymiYxqˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva|

bZzb kã : †hvMkv¯¿, cÖe„wË, Bn‡jvK, ci‡jvK, †gvÿjvf, †KŠie, cvÊe|

cvV 9 : cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I ivóªxq Rxe‡b b¨vqwePvi, mrm½, mshg I AwnsmvÑ G-g~j¨‡eva¸‡jvMV‡bi Dcvq|

b¨vqwePvi

weòzf³ cÖn¬v‡ì Av`k© AbymiY K‡i Avgiv cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I ivóªxq Rxe‡b b¨vqwePvi bvgK g~j¨‡evaMVb Ki‡Z cvwi| gnvfvi‡Z Av‡Q, A‡hva¨vi ivRv mZ¨Kv‡gi wcZv ivRv `y¨gr‡mb g„Zz¨`‡Êi †hvM¨ K‡qKRbAcivax‡K mZ¨Kv‡gi Kv‡Q cvwV‡qwQ‡jb| mZ¨Kvg ZLb e‡jwQ‡jb, Acivaxi Kvh© bxwZkv¯¿ Abymv‡i wePvi bvK‡i g„Zz¨`Ê †Ìqv Ab¨vq| mZ¨Kv‡gi K_vi g‡a¨ b¨vqwePv‡ii Av`k© cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| myZivs ag©MÖš’ †_‡KAvgiv hw` b¨vqwePv‡ii Av`k© MÖnY Kwi, Zvn‡j cwievi, mgvR I ivóªxq Rxe‡b b¨vqwePv‡ii g~j¨‡eva MwVZn‡e|

mrm½

mrm‡½i Av`k©I Avgiv ag©MÖš’ †_‡K cvB| Amrm½ cwiZ¨vM K‡i Avgiv hw` mrm½ Kwi, Zvn‡j mrm‡½ig~j¨‡eva MwVZ n‡e| mrm½ †Kej cuyw_MZ we`¨vi welq bq, Zv AvPiYxq welq| Rxe‡b cÖ‡qvM Kivi welq|

mshg

mshg Aóv½ †hv‡Mi Ab¨Zg| cwievi I mgv‡Ri mKj m`m¨ hw` cÖwZwbqZ mshZ AvPiY K‡i, Zvn‡jcwievi I mgvRRxe‡b mshg bvgK g~j¨‡evawU MwVZ n‡e| Avi G mshZ gvbyl‡ì AvPiY mvgvwRK I ivóªxqAvPi‡YI cÖwZdwjZ n‡e| myZivs mshZ AvPi‡Yi AbykxjbB mshg bvgK g~j¨‡evawU MV‡bi Dcvq|

Awnsmv

Awnsmv hg ev mshg bvgK Aóv½ †hv‡Mi A½| Awnsmv Qvov ag©vPiY m¤¢e bq| AwnsmvI Abykxjbmva¨| †Kv‡bvAe¯’v‡ZB Avgiv Rxe‡K wnsmv Kie bv| Rxe‡K eªþ Ávb Kie| Zvn‡j Avi g‡b wnsmvi Rb¥ n‡e bv|kÖxg`&fMe`&MxZvi Dc‡`k AbymiY K‡i †µva I Clv©‡K `~‡i ivLe| g‡bi g‡a¨ me©`v _vK‡e m‡šÍvl| myL I `ytL‡Kmgvbfv‡e MÖnY Kie| cÖvwß‡Z AnsKvix ne bv, Acªvwß‡ZI †f‡O coe bv| Gfv‡e Rxebhvcb Ki‡j Awnsm neB|


†gvUK_v, Dcjwä I AbykxjbB †h-†Kv‡bv cÖKvi g~j¨‡eva MV‡bi cÖK…ó Dcvq| GK_v g‡b †i‡L ev¯Íe Rxe‡bZvi cÖwZdjb NUv‡Z m‡Pó _vKe|

bZzb kã : Aóv½, Abykxjmva¨, Cl©v, AcÖvwß|

cvV 10 : GBPAvBwf/GBWm I Zvi cÖwZKvi

GBWm I GBPAvBwfi aviYv

ˆbwZKZvi wecixZ cÖe„wË n‡”Q A‰bwZKZv| gvbyl †hgb fv‡jv KvR K‡i, †Zgwb g›` Kv‡RI wjß nq| mv`viwecix‡Z †hgb Kv‡jv _v‡K, †Zgwb Av‡jvi wecix‡Z _v‡K AÜKvi| Avgv‡ì ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai cvkvcvwkA‰bwZK KvR m¤ú‡K©I aviYv AR©b Ki‡Z nq| A‰bwZK KvR‡K wP‡b ivL‡j Avgviv Zv †_‡K weiZ _vKvi Rb¨mZK© _vK‡Z cvie| Avgiv lô I mßg †kÖwY‡Z a~gcvb I gv`Kvmw³i g‡Zv A‰bwZK KvR m¤ú‡K© †R‡bwQ|

G-†kÖwY‡Z Avgiv GLb Ggb GKwU †ivM m¤ú‡K© Rvbe, hvi Drm GKwU A‰bwZK KvR| †ivMwUi bvg GBWm|

GBWm GKwU gvivZ¥K †ivM| GBWmÑG AvµvšÍ n‡j †ivMxi †ivMcÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv µgvš^‡q K‡g hvq| Zvi d‡j†m bvbvcÖKvi †iv‡M NbNb AvµvšÍ n‡Z _v‡K| G-†ivM GLb ch©šÍ wbivgq‡hvM¨ bq| †kl ch©šÍ †ivMxiAKvjg„Zz¨ N‡U|

GBWm K_vwU Bs‡iwR AIDS-Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡jv :

A = Acquired

I = Immune

D = Deficiency

S = Syndrome

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ms‡ÿ‡c AIDS (GBWm)|

GBWm †ivM nq GKcÖKvi AwZ ÿz`ªvK…wZi RxevYy †_‡K| hv‡K wPwKrmvweÁvbxiv e‡jb GKcÖKvi fvBivm| GfvBivmwUi bvg n‡”Q GBPAvBwf| GBPAvBwf Bs‡iwR HIV-Gi c~Y©iƒc : Human Immune Deficiency Virus.

GBWm-Gi KviYK. kix‡i GBPAvBwf fvBivm Av‡Q, Ggb KviI i³ hw` A‡bï kix‡i mÂvjb Kiv nq, Zvn‡j i³ MÖnYKvixe¨w³i GBW‡m AvµvšÍ nIqvi SuywK _v‡K| GKR‡bi eëüZ wmwiÄ ev myB hw` Ab¨Rb e¨venvi K‡iZvn‡j GBPAvBwf fvBivm msµg‡Yi SzuwK _v‡K| hviv Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g †bkv K‡i, Zviv Gfv‡eGBWmÑG AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i| †h‡nZz i‡³i ga¨ w`‡q GBPAvBwf msµvwgZ nq, myZivs eëüZ †eøW, ÿzi,PvKz BZ¨vwì gva¨‡gI G-RxevYy Qov‡Z cv‡i|


L. GBWm-Gi Ab¨Zg KviY n‡”Q †hŠbwgjb| †KD hw` GBPAvBwf fvBivm enb Ki‡Q, Ggb KviI m‡½†hŠbfv‡e wgwjZ nq, Zvn‡j Zvi GBWm-G AvµvšÍ nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K|

M. Mf©Kvjxb mg‡q ev Mf©ve¯’vq, cÖmeKv‡j Ges R‡b¥i c‡i ey‡Ki `y‡ai gva¨‡g wkïi kix‡iGBPAvBwf msµg‡Yi m¤¢vebv _v‡K|

Z‡e GBWm †Quvqv‡P †ivM bq| GBmWÑG AvµvšÍ †ivMxi m‡½ ˆ`bw›`b mvaviY KvRKg© Ki‡j GBWm nIqvi†Kv‡bv m¤¢vebv †bB|

GBWmÑG AvµvšÍ †ivMxi m‡½ †KvjvKzwj Ki‡j, GKB Uq‡jU eënvi Ki‡j, Zvi Kd ev mw`© †_‡K wKsev Zvi†Pv‡Li Rj ev Nvg †_‡K GBPAvBwf msµg‡Yi †Kv‡bv m¤¢vebv †bB|

GBPAvBwf msµgY nq i³, †hŠbwgjb Ges AvµvšÍ gv‡qi ey‡Ki `y‡ai gva¨‡g|

GBPAvBwf/GBWm-Gi cÖfve

1. ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi Ici cÖfve

K. GBPAvBwf/GBWm Rb¯̂v¯’¨MZ gvivZ¥K mgm¨vi m„wó K‡i|

L. ¯^v¯’¨Lv‡Z eiv‡Ïi GKUv eo Ask AvµvšÍ‡ì †cQ‡b e¨q Ki‡Z nq|

M. GKRb GBPAvBwf cwRwUf enbKvixi Øviv evwnZ n‡q GBWm †ivM Ab¨‡ì msµwgZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

2. A_©‰bwZK cÖfve

K. Drcv`b LvZ ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq|

L. ch©Ub LvZ ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq|

3. mvgvwRK cÖfve

K. Abv_ ev GwZg I weaev‡ì msL¨v e„w× cvq|

L. mvgvwRK I cvwievwiK eÜb wkw_j nq|

M. GBWmÑG AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡K mgv‡Ri AwaKvsk †jvK N„Yvi †Pv‡L †`‡L| AvµvšÍ e¨w³I j¾vq gi‡gg‡i _v‡K|

N. Rxe‡b eÂbv, nZvkv, Awek¦vm, fq I AwbðqZv e„w× cvq|

GBPAvBwf/GBWm cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Dcvq

†hme Kvi‡Y GBPAvBwf msµwgZ n‡q GBWm †iv‡Mi m„wó K‡i, †m¸‡jv cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e, †hgbÑ

1. i³ cixÿv Kivi mgq †`L‡Z n‡e, i³`vZv GBPAvBwf enb Ki‡Q wK bv | GBPAvBwf-AvµvšÍ e¨w³i i³MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv|


2. agx©q Abykvmb †g‡b eªþPh© Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB †hŠbwgj‡b wjß nIqv hv‡e bv|

3. weevwnZ Rxe‡b ¯^vgx/¯¿xi g‡a¨B †hŠbwgjb NU‡e| A‰ea †hŠbwgjb †_‡K wPiZ‡i weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e|

wn›`ya‡g© QvÎRxe‡b K‡Vvi eªþPh© cvj‡bi weavb i‡q‡Q| gbymswnZvq ci`viMgb bvgK cvc‡K cÂgnvcv‡ciAb¨Zg e‡j eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| G-a‡g© gv`Kvmw³‡K †Kej eR©b Ki‡ZB e‡jwb, gv`Kvm‡³i msm‡M© hvIqv ev_vKv‡KI gnvcvc e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

myZivs wn›`ya‡g©i wewaweavb Z_v Abykvmb h_vh_fv‡e †g‡b Pj‡j ïay GBWmB bv, †h-†Kv‡bv iKg †hŠb‡iv‡MAvµvšÍ nIqvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡e bv|

Avgv‡ì †`n †Zv AvZ¥viƒ‡c weivRgvb Ck¦‡ii gw›ì| Avgiv evB‡ii gw›ì cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ I cweÎ ivwL|Zvn‡j †`ngw›ì‡K cweÎ ivLe bv †Kb ? Avi †`ngw›ì‡K cweÎ ivL‡jB GBPAvBwf/GBWm †_‡K gy³ _vK‡Zcvie|

GBPAvBwf/GBWm-G AvµvšÍ †ivMxi cÖwZ AvPiY

wn›`yag© e‡j, Ôcvc‡K N„Yv Ki, cvcx‡K bq|Õ ZvB Avgiv GBWm †iv‡M AvµvšÍ e¨w³i m‡½ ggZvgq AvPiYKie| GKRb ¯̂vfvweK gvbyl †_‡K Zuv‡K Avjv`v K‡i †`Le bv| Zuvi gvbweK gh©v`v‡K Lv‡Uv K‡i †`Le bv|KviY Avgiv Rvwb, GBWm msµvgK †ivM bq| ZvB GBWmÑG AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡K mgvR †_‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i ivLvi†Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

Avgiv Ggb fv‡e GKRb GBPAvBwf/GBWmÑG AvµvšÍ †ivMxi m‡½ e¨venvi Kie, hv‡Z Zuvi ¯̂vfvweK RxebhvÎve¨vnZ bv nq| wZwb †hb ¯̂vfvweKfv‡e mKj KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Zuvi gb †hb cÖdzjø _v‡K| wn›`yag© Rxe‡K eªþÁv‡b†mev Ki‡Z e‡j‡Q| GBWm †iv‡M AvµvšÍ e¨w³I †hb †m-†mev †_‡K ewÂZ bv nq|

`jxq KvR : GBWm †ivMx‡ì cÖwZ KiYxq w`K¸‡jv wj‡L †cv÷vi ˆZwi Ki|

bZzb kã : wbivgq‡hvM¨, wmwiÄ, †eøW, ¶yi, †hŠbwgjb, Mf©Kvjxb, cÖmeKv‡j, †Quvqv‡P, ci`viMgb,cÂgnvcvc, †`ngw›ì|


1. Avgv‡ì me©`v .................... K_v ejv DwPZ|

2. g~j¨ K_vwU Øviv gvb ev ............... †evSvq|

3. ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva ..................... A½|

4. cÖn¬v` .............. Rb¥MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb|

5. mrm½ n‡”Q ................. mvwbœa¨|



evg cvk Wvb cvk1. cikcv_i Ck¦i‡K †mev Kiv nq

2. Rxe‡mev Ki‡j mœvb K‡ib

3. mvay cÖwZw`b †fv‡i gnr ¸Y

4. cigZmwnòzZv wnsmvi wecixZ w`K

†jvnv‡K ¯̂‡Y© cwiYZ K‡i


1. mrm½ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq ?

2. Awnsmv‡K cig ag© ejvi KviY eywS‡q †jL

3. gvbeRxe‡b msh‡gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eywS‡q †jL|

4. ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki|


1. eZ©gvb mgv‡R b¨vqwePv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Ki|

2. Ômrm‡½i gva¨‡g Rxe‡bi Pig wkL‡i Av‡ivnY Kiv m¤¢eÕÑ kªxa‡ii Rxebvej¦‡b e¨vL¨v Ki|

3. ÔGBWmÕ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ PvB mK‡ji mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡PóvÑ gšÍe¨wU e¨vL¨v Ki|


1. †hvMkv‡¯¿ †hv‡Mi KqwU A‡½i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q ?

K. PviwU L. QqwU

M. AvUwU N. `kwU

2. ÔGBWmÕ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb Ñ

i. agx©q Abykvmb

ii. e¨w³m‡PZbZv

iii. mnbkxjZv


K. i L. i I ii




iweb †`Lj K‡qKwU †Q‡j †KŠZ~njekZ GKwU weovj‡K AvNvZ Ki‡Q| weovjwUi LyeB Lvivc Ae¯’v| †m†Q‡j¸‡jv‡K Zvwo‡q w`j Ges weovjwU‡K evwo‡Z wb‡q †mev Ki‡Z jvMj|

3. iwe‡bi g‡a¨ KvR K‡i‡QÑ

i. Awnsmv

ii. b¨vq-wePvi

iii. mrm½


K. i L. i I ii


4. D³ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g iwe‡bi c‡ÿ m¤¢eÑ

i. cyY¨vR©b

ii. fv‡jvevmv jvf

iii. ¯^M©jvf


K. i L. i I ii


m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

w`‡bkevey GjvKvq abx e¨w³ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| Zuvi `yB †Q‡j| eo †Q‡j XvKvq GKwU †emiKvwi ms¯’vqPvKwi K‡i, Avi †QvU †Q‡j evwo‡ZB Zuvi mv‡_ msmv‡ii KvRKg© Z`viwK K‡i| eo †Q‡j Awd‡miKv‡Ri Sv‡gjvq mn‡R evwo †h‡Z cv‡i bv, Avi †mUvB w`‡bkeveyi †ÿvf| wZwb GKevi Lye Amy¯’ n‡qc‡ob, GB mgq wZwb Zuvi m¤ú‡ì Pvi fv‡Mi wZb fvM †QvU †Q‡ji bv‡g wj‡L †`b|

K. cÖn¬v‡ì cy‡Îi bvg Kx ?

L. mrm½‡K AZ¨šÍ gayi ejvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. w`‡bkeveyi AvPi‡Yi mv‡_ ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai †Kvb w`KwUi êmv`„k¨ jÿ Kiv hvq ? e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. w`‡bkeveyi KvRwU †Zvgvi cwVZ ÔcÖn¬v‡ì b¨vqwePviÕ DcvL¨v‡bi Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki|


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