Trafic Intracellulaire Et Compartiment Cellulaire

7/23/2019 Trafic Intracellulaire Et Compartiment Cellulaire

1/24

Wrdlho hctrdofnnundhrf ft omkpdrthkfct ofnnundhrf

H + Hctrmguothmc

Wmutfs nfs prmthcfs smct ldarhqufs gdcs nf oytmpndskf# Fnnfs durmct pnushfurs gfsthcdthmcs

pmsshanfs : nf cmydu %ldotfur gf trdcsorhpthmc(. nd khtmoemcgrhf. nfs pfrmxysmkfs. nfs pndstfs

oefz nfs vitdux#

Hoh cmus pdrnfrmcs uchqufkfct gfs prmthcfs gfsthcfs du rthounuk fcgmpndskhquf irdcunfux

gmco gfsthcfs trf sortfs# Fcsuhtf fnnfs pdssfct gdcs nf Imnih quh fst uc odrrflmur pmur nfs

prmthcfs# Dprs nf Imnih. fnnfs pfuvfct smht fkpructfr nd vmhf gfs :

Nysmsmkf

Kfkardcf pndskhquf

\shounfs gf sorthmcs

4 sur 17


2/24

Fxohshmc gu pfpthgf shicdn quh nuh pfrkft g)trf fcidi gdcs nf rthounuk

fcgmpndskhquf#

Lmrkdthmc gf pmcts ghsunlurfs fctrf 1 rshgus oysthcf %gmco cf tmuoef pds tmutf nfs

prmthcfs( quh nfurs pfrkfttfct g)matfchr ucf omclmrkdthmc spohlhquf#

Inyomsyndthmc %smht C+inyomsyndthmc mu M+inyomsyndthmc(. fxtrkfkfct omkpnfxf odr

gurf pfcgdct tmut nf vmydif gf nd prmthcf kdhs sfrd spohlhquf g)uc omkpdrthkfct uc

dutrf#

Pemspemryndthmcs quh nhfu gdcs nf Imnih kmyfc

_unldtdthmc ft prmtmnysf quh omupf nfs prmthcfs fc pfthtfs pdrthfs

Ofctrf gf trh quh ohanf nfs prmthcfs vfrs nfs ? vmhfs ohtfs progfkkfct

Ofrtdhcfs ofnnunfs omcthfccfct ucf gfuxhkf vmhf gf sorthmc : nd vmhf gf sorthmc riunf

1 sur 17


3/24

HH + Nfs ghllrfcts mridcfnnfs hkpnhqus gdcs nd

sorthmc gfs prmthcfs

4 + Nfs rthounuk

Nf rthounuk fcgmpndskhquf irdcundhrf : hn fst

tdphss gf rhamsmkfs#

Nf rthounuk fcgmpndskhquf nhssf : hn c)fst pds

hkpnhqu gdcs nd trdcslmrkdthmc gfs prmthcfs

kdhs gdcs nd prmguothmc gf strmgfs ft g)dutrfs

omcsthtudcts#

? sur 17


4/24

d + Dgrfssdif du rthounuk

Nfs prmthcfs sortfs vmct trf smukhsf ucf trdcsnmodthmc om+trdguothmccfnnf : nd lmrkdthmc

gf nd prmthcf sf ldht fc kkf tfkps qu)fnnf rfctrf gdcs nf rthounuk fcgmpndskhquf#

Nfs prmthcfs hctrdofnnundhrf ft cmc sortfs vmct trf smukhsf ucf trdcsnmodthmc

pmst+trdguothmccfnnf : nfs prmthcfs smct fcthrfkfct trdguhtf dvdct g)trf dgrfssfs nfurs

omkpdrthkfcts#

Dpprmoefs fxprhkfctdnfs pmur gtfrkhcfr n)dgrfssdif gfs prmthcfs :Punsf oedsf " dutmrdghmirdpehf : gtfrkhcdthmc gu nhfu gf syctesf ft gu trdjft gf kmnounfs

kdrqufs rdghmdothvfkfct

Lrdothmccfkfct ofnnundhrf " oermkdtmirdpehf. nfotrmpemrsf : prohsf dussh nd cdturf gfs omk+

pmss ft nfs kmghlhodthmcs suahfs#

Hkkucmoytmoehkhf : gtfothmc hc shtu

Ichf icthquf %prmthcfs gf lushmc mu oehkrfs( : suhvh gfs gpndofkfcts fc tfkps rfn

7 sur 17


5/24

Eypmtesf gu !shicdn! g)dgrfssdif du QF : I#Anmafn ft Gmaafcstfhc %4896(# Fxhstfcof g)uc

trdcsnmomc : prfuvf dppmrtf pdr n)nfotrmpeyshmnmihf %485?(# Hn fxhstf uc shicdn quh pfrkft du

prmthcf gf s)dgrfssfr dux rhamsmkfs#

Nf prmthcf _QP nhf nf pfpthgf shicdn ft pfrkft ndrrt gf nd trdguothmc# Hn fkkcf n)fcsfkanf

vfrs nd kfkardcf gu QF# Nd prmthcf _QP s)dssmohf du rofptfur gf nd _QP %etrmghkrf(quh fctrdcf ucf glmrkdthmc# Ofttf glmrkdthmc pfrkft :

nd ghssmohdthmc gf nd _QP du omkpnfxf quh rftmurcf fcsuhtf gdcs nf oytmsmn#

du pfpthgf shicdn gf s)fcimullrfr gdcs nf trdcsnmomc#

Fc trdvfrsdct nd kfkardcf gu rthounuk. nd trdguothmc vd rfprfcgrf# Nf pfpthgf shicdn fst ey+

grmpemaf. o)fst pmur d qu)hn pdssf nd kfkardcf ldohnfkfct# Nd shicdn pfpthgdsf vd onhvfr nf

pfpthgf shicdn#

N)dppdrfhn gf trdcsnmodthmc fst omkpms g)uc rofptfur gf nd pdrthounf _QP

a + Ahmsyctesf gfs prmthcfs kfkardcdhrfs

Nd prmthcfs vd dvmhr 1 gmkdhcfs eygrmpemafs : nf pfpthgf shicdn ft nf gmkdhcf

trdcs+kfkardcdhrf# Nmrsquf nd squfcof trdcs+kfkardcdhrf. rfctrf gdcs nf QF. nd trdguothmc

sdrrtf# Pdrlmhs nf pfpthgf shicdn cf sfrd pds onhv ft omctrhaufrd nd pdrthf eygrmpemaf trdcs+

kfkardcdhrf gf nd prmthcf#

6 sur 17


6/24

Prmthcfs kfkardcdhrfs gf typf 4 : nd pdrthf C+tfrkhcdnf sf trmuvf gdcs nd nukhrf gu

rthounuk#

Prmthcfs kfkardcdhrf gf typf 1 : nd pdrthf O+tfrkhcdnf sf trmuvf gdcs nd nukhrf gu

rthounuk#

Nfs typfs 4 ft 1 smct gtfrkhc sfnmc nd oedrif gfs 46 prfkhfrs dohgfs dkhcs gf pdrt ft g)dutrf

nd prmthcf# _h gu omt O+tfrkhcdn. mc d " 1 fc oedrif inmadnf ft gu omt C+tfrkhcdn. mc d 0.

mc ldht nd ghllrfcof O + C > 0 dnmrs nd prmthcf sfrd gf typf 1. sh O + C 3 0 dnmrs nd prmthcf ft

gf typf 4

o + Kmghlhodthmcs gfs prmthcfs

Nd pfpthgf ghsunlhgf hsmkrdsf : fnnf d ucf dothvht gf omrrfothmc %ofrtdhc pmct ghsunlurf sf lmctgf kdchrf frrmcs( ft fnnf tdanhf nfs amcs pmcts ghsunlurfs# Ofnd pfrkft nd prmthcf

g)dgmptfr nd amccf omclmrkdthmc %lmnghci(

1 typfs gf inyomsyndthmc :

C+inyomsyndthmc : nf suorf sf nht sur ucf dspdrdihcf kdhs hn ldut qudcg kkf ucf

squfcof omcsfcsus %Dsc+U(

M+inyomsyndthmc : nf suorf sf nhf smht ucf srhcf mu ucf termchcf

g + Nfs shicdux gf nmodnhsdthmc gdcs nf QF

Wrdcspmrt rtrmirdgf gu Imnih vfrs nf QF :

Prsfcof gf shicdux gf trh !rouprdthmc! pdr nf QF %nmrsquf nfs prmthcfs mct t trmp

nmhc ft qu)fnnfs c)mct rhfc ldhrf fc gfemrs gu rthounuk(

Fc ldht. nd rouprdthmc snfothvf gfs prmthcfs rshgfctfs gdcs nf rthounuk nfurs

pfrkfttfct gf suahr gfs kmghlhodthmcs pmst+trdguothmccfnnfs Fnnfs rfvhfccfct n)dhgf gfs vshounfs snfothvfs

Prhsmc muvfrtf

Prmthcfs rshgfctfs gf kfkardcf gu QF :

_hicdn BBUU %nyshcf+nyshc+DD+DD( nfxtrkht O+tfrkhcdnf gfs prmthcfs gf nd

kfkardcf gu QF

< sur 17


7/24

_hicdn quh sf nhf ghrfotfkfct OMP4 fkadnndif gdcs gfs vshounfs OMP4

trdcspmrt rtrmirdgf vfrs nf QF

Prmthcfs rshgfctfs smnuanfs :

_hicdn BGFN %nyshcf+Dsp+Inu+Nfu( n)fxtrkht O+tfrkhcdnf gfs prmthcfs smnuanfs guQF

_hicdn quh cf sf nhf pds ghrfotfkfct OMP4 : prsfcof gf prmthcfs rofptrhofs

spohdnhsfs omkkf nf rofptfur BGFN

Qofptfur BGFN :

Prmthcf trdcskfkardchrf pnushfurs pdssdifs

_f nhf tmutf squfcof BGFN vshounf OMP4 trdcspmrt rtrmirdgf vfrs nf QF

Nfs rofptfur BGFN

Qfoyondif gu rofptfur BGFN :

\WO-Imnih

Lmrtf dllhcht pmur nd squfcof BGFN

Odpturf gfs prmthcfs rshgfctfs gu QF quh sf smct oedppfs ft quh smct ldhanf

omcofctrdthmc

Khnhfu nirfkfct dohgf nhdhsmc

Gdcs nf QF

Ldhanf dllhcht pmur nd squfcof BGFN

Nhardthmc gu odrim kdnir nd lmrtf omcofctrdthmc fc prmthcfs rshgfctfs gu QF

pmrtdct nf shicdn BGFN

Khnhfu pE cfutrf nhardthmc

Wrdjft rtrmirdgf gfs

prmthcfs rshgfctfs gdcs nf QF :

9 sur 17


8/24

Kdhcthfct gfs prmthcfs rshgfctfs gu QF gdcs nf QF :

BGFN - BGFN rofptfur

Prmthcf rshgfctf sdcs smc BGFN sorthmc gf nd prmthcf. kdhs sorthmc nfctf

BGFN - BGFN rofptfur cf sfrvhrdht quf pmur ldhrf rfvfchr nfs prmthcfs quh sf smct

oedppfs

Dutrf kodchskf : diridthmc gfs prmthcfs fctrf+fnnfs t rmp irms pmur ucf vshounf

1+ N)dppdrfhn gf Imnih

Prfkhfr mridchtf gorht pdr nfs khormsomphstfs nd lhc gu 48kf# Dooukundthmc gf pftht sdo+

ounfs ghrfotfkfct fc nhdhsmc dvfo nf QF

Nd ldof ohs : fst nd pnus prmoef peyshqufkfct gu QF

Nd pdrthf kghdc

Nd ldof trdcs : nd pdrthf nd pnus nmhicf gu QF nf rsfdu trdcs+imnihfc. vrhtdanf odr +

rflmur gf nd ofnnunf

5 sur 17


9/24

d+ Qnf gu omkpnfxf imnihfc

_yctesf gf inyomprmthcfs ft gf prmtminyodcfs

Kmghlhodthmcs gfs oedcfs C+nhfs vfrs gfs oedcfs fxpmrtdanfs pdr djmut gf cmuvfdux

msfs M+inyomsyndthmc sur gfs prmthcfs

Irflldif gf suorfs sur ofrtdhcs nhphgfs inyomnhphgfs

Onhvdifs prmtmnythqufs

Ofrtdhcfs prmthcfs gfsthcfs nd sorthmc gfvrmct suahr pnushfurs onhvdifs. ofux+oh.

dkmros gdcs nf WIC sf pmursuhvfct gdcs nfs irdhcs gf sorthmc

Ofctrf gf trh Nfs sdoounfs gu Imnih lmct n)majft g)oedcifs dctrmirdgfs ft rtrmirdgfs pdr gfs

vshounfs kdctfdu OMP4

8 sur 17


10/24

a + Nf rsfdu trdcs+imnihfc %WIC( fst uc ofctrf gf trh

Nfs kdccmsf < pemspedtf : shicdn gf ohandif vfrs nd vmhf nysmsmkdnf

40 sur 17


11/24

HHH Nf trdlho vshoundhrf

Nf trdcspmrt vshoundhrf gmht pfrkfttrf :

nf kdhcthfct gf nd syktrhf gf nd kfkardcf %nd omkpmshthmc gf nd kfkardcf gu Imnih

c)fst pds nd kkf quf nd kfkardcf pndskhquf( Hn gmht y dvmhr uc ohandif gfs vshounfs.fnnf gmhvfct sf rfcgrf du amc fcgrmht#

nf trdcspmrt gfs kmnounfs smnuanfs quh cf pfuvfct pdssfr nfs kfkardcfs sfunfs#

4rf tdpf : amurifmccfkfct pdrthr gu omkpdrthkfct gmccfur#

1kf tdpf : lmrkdthmc gf nd vshounf quh gmht trf ohanf vfrs gfs omkpdrthkfcts

spohlhqufs %sf ldht n)dhgf gfs prmthcfs _CDQF( ?kf tdpf : lushmc dvfo nd kfkardcf rofptrhof

quhnharf fctrf nfs omkpdrthkfcts :

fctrfs ; smrthfs

pmur nfs kfkardcfs ft pmur nfs odrims %of quh fst trdcspmrt(

uc dnnfr ft uc rftmur

snfothvht %gfs odrims trdcspmrts ft gfs gfsthcdthmcs(

Prmankf : sh hn y d uc oedcif pfrkdcfct fctrf nfs omkpdrthkfcts. hn y durd uc kndcif gfs

kmnounfs ft tfrkf. nfs omkpdrthkfcts lhchrmcs pdr trf hgfcthquf#

Nd smnuthmc : kdrqufurs kmnoundhrfs fxprhks nd surldof oytmsmnhquf gfs kfkardcfs

Ktemgfs g)dpprmoefs :

_ystkfs sdcs ofnnunfs

Prmthcfs gf lushmc dvfo nd ILP

Icthquf

44 sur 17


12/24

nkfcts g)dpprmoef :

4# Nfs typfs gf vshounfs

1# Dssfkandif gu kdctfdu %nfs IWPdsfs(

?# Iuhgdif gu trdcspmrt %nfs _CDQF(

7#

Dkdrrdif %prmthcfs Qda6# Lushmc

4 Nfs typfs gf vshounfs

Nf rfomuvrfkfct gf nd ldof oytmsmnhquf gfs vshounfs vd pfrkfttrf nd amurifmccfkfct. fcsuhtf

of kdctfdu ghspdrdt ft hn y durd lushmc gf nd kfkardcf#

Nfs 1 rnf gu kdctfdu : Omcofctrdthmc gf prmthcfs kfkardcdhrfs gdcs uc pdtoe quh lmrkfrd nd vshounf

pfrkft nd snfothmc gfs kmnounfs trdcspmrtfr

Kmunf nd vshounf quh durd dhcsh tmujmurs d pfu prs nd kkf tdhnnf

Nfs ? typfs gf kdctfdu gfs vshounfs rfomuvfrtfs :

ondterhcf

OMP4

OMP1

Mc pfut nfs ghsthciufr fc khormsomphf nfotrmchquf

Vthnhsdthmc gfs ghllrfcts kdctfdux gdcs nf trdlho vshoundhrf :

Ondterhcf : pdrthr ft pdrthr gf nd kfkardcf pndskhquf %du kmhcs ? typfs gf vshounfs

ondterhcf(

OMP4 ft OMP1 : pdrthr gur QF ft gu Imnih

afduomup g)dutrfs

1 + Dssfkandif gu kdctfdu %nfs IWPdsfs(

d Fxfkpnf gf nd ondterhcf %ods nf pnus tugh(

Vcf smus+ucht gf ondterhcf ; ? irmssfs oedcfs " ? pfthtfs oedcfs

Vcf smus+ucht ; uc trhsbnhmc

41 sur 17


13/24

Dssfkandif gfs trhsbfnhmcs fc uc pdchfr g)efxdimcfs ft gf pfctdimcfs

Nfs trhsbfnhmcs pfuvfct s)dssfkanfr spmctdckfct fc pdchfr kkf sdcs kfkardcf#

Nf kdctfdu gf ondterhcf 2

Vc kdctfdu ; ?< trhsbnhmc %sdcs nd vshounf( 41 pfctdimcfs " < efxdimcfs

Lmrkdthmc gf 1 omquhnnfs :

fxtfrcf

hctfrcf : gmkdhcf C+tfrkhcdux gfs oedcfs nmurgfs mu sf lhxfct nfs dgdpthcfs

_ur ucf vshounf : 41 pfctdimcfs " afduomup pnus g)efxdimcfs

N)dgdpthcf :

Prmthcf gf kdctfdu ondterhcf

Omkpnfxf kunthprmthquf

Nhf nd ondterhcf nd kfkardcf

Phif nfs prmthcfs trdcskfkardcdhrfs gmct nfs rofptfurs quh odpturfct nfs odrims

smnuanfs

Du kmhcs 7 typfs g)dgdpthcf pmur nfs ghllrfcts rofptfurs gf odrim

4? sur 17


14/24

Dssfkandif ft gsdssfkandif g)uc kdctfdu gf ondterhcf :

Nfs dgdpthcfs sf nhfct nd ondterhcf ft du omkpnfxf odrim-odrim+r

Gycdkhcf ; IWPdsf

Phcofkfct gf nd kfkardcf :

Gycdkhcf " dutrfs prmthcfs

Lushmc gfs lfuhnnfts cmc oytmsmnhqufs %irof nd gycdkhcf(

Pfrtf gu kdctfdu :

Nd vshounf quhttf nd kfkardcf

Nf kdctfdu gf ondterhcf fst pfrgu hkkghdtfkfct

hctfrvfcthmc gf oedpfrmccfs gf nd ldkhnnf gfs esp90 %DWPdsf(

duxhnnhcf dothvf n)DWPdsf

47 sur 17


15/24

Nd vshounf gmht dttfcgrf g)trf omcsthtuf pmur quf nf kdctfdu sf rfthrf

_pohlhoht gu kdctfdu :

Kodchskfs icrdux hgfcthqufs

Kdhs oedquf kfkardcf sfs spohlhohts

kfkardcf pndskhquf %rhoef fc oemnfstrmn( : cofsshtf gf afduomup gcfrihf dutrfs kfkardcfs : fxhstfcof gf amurifmccfkfcts

Wmutfs nfs vshounfs cf smct pds sperhqufs :

Kfkardcfs omctfcdct gfs prmthcfs lnumrfsofctfs

Nmci tuaunfs quh kdcfct gfs fcgmsmkfs ft rsfdu trdcs+imnihfc %WIC(

Ofs tuaunfs pfuvfct sfrvhr gf trdcspmrtfurs %irdcg rdppmrt surldof - vmnukf(

ucf vshounf pfut trf tuaundhrf $

N)dothvdthmc gf of systkf kdroef omkkf nf systkf Bhcdsf mu Pemspedtdsf kdhs dvfo gfs

prmthcfs spohlhqufs#

a Omctrnf gf n)dssfkandif gu kdctfdu : IWP ahcghci prmtfhcs %rdppfn(

Nf systkf lmcothmccf omkkf nd shicdnhsdthmc pdr pemspemryndthmc kdhs dvfo nd IWP ahcghci

prmtfhc %gmco nf soekd gf grmhtf(

46 sur 17


16/24

IWP ahcghci prmtfhcs

1 tdts

Dothl dvfo nhdhsmc gf IWP

Hcdothl dvfo nhdhsmc gf IGP 1 typfs

Kmcmkrhquf %; IWPdsfs kmcmkrhqufs(nfs khfux omccufs

Wrhkrhquf %; IWPdsfs trhkrhqufs ; prmthcfs I(

Pdssdif g)uc tdt d n)dutrf pdr

IFLs %Iudchcf+cuonfmthgf+Fxoedcif Ldotmrs( IGP IWP

IDPs %IWPdsf+Dothvdthci Prmtfhcs( IWP IGP

o + Prmthcfs dutrfs quf nd ondterhcf

Omp4 : 9 smus+uchts prmthqufs %dcdnmihfs dvfo n)dgdpthcf(

+ amurifmccfkfct pdrthr gu Imnih

Omp1 : 7 smus+uchts prmthqufs

+ Amurifmccfkfct pdrthr gu QF

IWPdsfs gf rforutfkfct gu kdctfdu : nd squfcof

+ Vcf vshounfs OMP1 fst sur nf pmhct gf amurifmccfkfct

+#######

4< sur 17


17/24

IWPdsfs gf rforutfkfct gu kdctfdu : nfs dotfurs :

Kfkardcf gu QF

_dr 4 IGP %; IWPdsfs gf rforutfkfct gu kdctfdu( lmrtf omcofctrdthmc. oytmsmnhquf.

hcdothvf

IFL %Iudchcf+cuonfmthgf+Fxoedcif Ldotmr(

IWPdsfs gf rforutfkfct gu kdctfdu : nd squfcof :

Vcf vshounf OMPHH fst sur nf pmhct gf amurifmccfr%gu QF(# Vcf IFL spohlhquf

%prmthcf gf kfkardcf gu QF dppfnf _fo 41( sf nhf d nd _dr 4 gu oytmsmn ft rfkpndof nf IGP

gf nd _dr 4 pdr gu IWP# Nd _dr 4 IWP nharf ucf qufuf g)dohgf irds nuh pfrkfttdct gf sf lhxfr

gdcs nd kfkardcf gu QF puhs rforutf gfs smus+uchts gf OMPHH# Nd kfkardcf amurifmccf

fc hconudct gfs prmthcfs kfkardcdhrfs snfothmccfs

Gsdssfkandif gu kdctfdu :

IWPdsfs gf rforutfkfct gu kdctfdu

Eygrmnysf gu IWP fc IGP

Nd qufuf fst fxonuf gf nd kfkardcf

gsdssfkandif gu kdctfdu

O)fst nf tfkps quh lhcht pdr gonfcoefr n)eygrmnysf

?# Iuhgdif gu trdcspmrt %nfs _CDQF(

Darvhdthmcs

+ _CDQFs : _CDP rfofptmrs

+ _CDPs : _mnuanf C_L Dttdoefkfct Prmtfhcs

+ C_L : C+fteyn

Qfomccdhssdcof vshounf gf trdcspmrt kfkardcf ohanf

Wmutfs nfs vshounfs gf trdcspmrt mct gfs kdrqufurs gf surldof spohlhqufs gf nfur mrh+

ihcf ft gf nfur odrim

Nfs kfkardcfs ohanfs mct gfs rofptfurs omkpnkfctdhrfs

49 sur 17


18/24

Qfomccdhssdcof vshounf gf trdcspmrt kfkardcf ohanf :

4# _CDQFs

_pohlhoht

Odtdnysfur gf nd lushmc

1# Qdas %IWPdsfs ohanf(

Dkdrrdif hchthdn

Lhxdthmc gf nd vshounf

Fc omnndamrdthmc dvfo g)dutrfs prmthcfs

_CDQFs

Du kmhcs 10 fspofs ghllrfctfs

Prmthcfs trdcs+kfkardcdhrfs Kdroefct pdr 1 :

v+_CDQFs %vfshonf( onfl

t+_CDQFs %tdrift ; ohanf( sfrrurf

Gmkdhcf enhomgdnf quh s)fcrmunf n)uc gdcs n)dutrf omkpnfxf trdcs+_CDQF quh

omctrhauf

Qnf gfs _CDQFs gdcs nf iuhgdif gfs vshounfs gf trdcspmrts

45 sur 17


19/24

Omkpnfxf trdcs+_CDQF :

Wmujmurs 7 enhof dnped

? lmrkfs pdr t+_CDQF

4 lmrkf pdr v+_CDQF

Hoh ? prmthcfs v+_CDQF 4 enhof %sycdptmarvhcf(

t+_CDQF 4 enhof %syctdxhcf(

t+_CDQF 1 enhofs %_cdp 16 :

prmthcf prhperhquf(

Gsdssfkandif gu omkpnfxf trdcs+_CDQF

prfs lushmc nf omkpnfxf _CDQF fst stdanf gdcs nd kfkardcf

Gmht trf gsdssfkanf C_L %Cfteynkdnfhkhgf+sfcshthvf+lushmc+prmtfhc(

C_L :

Oyonf fctrf nfs kfkardcfs ft nf oytmsmn

Odtdnysf nf gsdssfkandif

DWPdsf

Qfssfkanf d ucf oedpfrmccf oytmsmnhquf quh smnuahnhsf ft dhgf d rfpnhfr omrrfotfkfct

nfs prmthcfs gcdturfs Grmunf nfs enhofs gfs _CDQFs

fc omnndamrdthmc dvfo gfs prmthcfs dgdptdtrhofs

Ghssmohdthmc g)ucf pdhrf v+_CDQF t+_CDQF pdr C_L ucf lmhs nf oyonf gf lushmc

tfrkhc

C_L " gfs prmthcfs dgdptdtrhofs eygrmnysf DWP " spdrdthmc gfs _CDQFs

Nd ghssmohdthmc rfiunf qudcg ft mu nfs kfkardcfs vmct lushmccfr

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7# Dkkdridif %prmthcfs Qda(

Qnf hkpmrtdct gfs prmthcfs Qda gdcs nd spohlhoht gu trdcspmrt vshoundhrf

Prmthcfs Qda :

IWPdsfs kmcmkrhqufs Pnus gf ?0 kfkarfs nd pnus irdcgf smus+ldkhnnf gf IWPdsfs kmcmkrhqufs

Ghstrhauthmc odrdotrhsthquf sur nfs kfkardcfs ofnnundhrfs

Oedquf mridchtf d du kmhcs ucf prmthcf Qda sur sd ldof oytmsmnhquf

Ldohnhtfct ft riunfct :

Nf tdux g)dkdrrdif gfs vshounfs

ft n)dppdrhfkfct gfs v+ t+_CDQFs

Omkkf nfs IWPdsfs gf rforutfkfct gu kdctfdu fnnfs oyonfct fctrf nd kfkardcf ft nfoytmsmn

Omkkf nfs IWPdsfs gf rforutfkfct gu kdctfdu. 1 tdts :

Hcdothl dvfo nhdhsmc gf IGP gdcs nf oytmsmn

Dothl dvfo nhdhsmc gf IWP dssmohf ucf kfkardcf

Nfs prmthcfs Qda smct ghllrfctfs sfnmc nfs omkpdrthkfcts sua+ofnnundhrfs

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Nfs fllfotfurs gf Qda :

Qfomccdhssdcof gf Qda %Nhf. IWP( pdr uc Qda fllfotfur

Irms omkpnfxf prmthquf

Wrs vdrhdanf g)ucf prmthcf Qda d ucf dutrf

Pdrlmhs nmciufs prmthcfs lhndkfctfusfs quh nhkhtfct nf kmuvfkfct gfs vshounfs fctrfgfs ohtfrcfs imnihfccfs dgjdofctfs

_f nhfct d Qda ft fkpoefct n)eygrmnysf prkdturf gu IWP

G)dutrfs smct gfs kmtfurs quh ghrhifct nfs vshounfs vfrs nfur gfsthcdthmc

Prmthcfs Qda %suhtf(

Dihssfct sur nfs prmthcfs gf omctrnf gfs _CDQFs

Doonrfct nf prmofssus gf rfomccdhssdcof gfs _CDQFs fctrf fnnfs

Doevfct nf vfrrmuhnndif gf nd vshounf d sd ohanf pdr dppdrhfkfct gfs _CDQFs quh sfrdprtf pmur nd lushmc

prfs nd lushmc. nd prmthcf Qda eygrmnysf smc IWP nhf ft rftmurcf gdcs nf oytmsmn

6# Lushmc

Ghsthciufr dkdrrdif gf lushmc

Lushmc cf ldht pds tmujmurs suhtf d dkdrrdif :fx : fxmoytmsf riunf Dkdrrdif : nfs prmthcfs gfs kfkardcfs hctfrdihssfct ft dgerfct

Lushmc : nfs omuoefs nhphghqufs pfuvfct sf jmhcgrf cofsshtf

g)fxtrushmc g)fdu prmthcfs gf lushmc pmur rsmugrf nf prmankf

cfrithquf % gycdkhcf du omurs gu amurifmccfkfct gfs vshounfs d

ondterhcf(

Kmgnf gf omcofctrdthmc gfs prmthcfs _CDQFs du omurs gf nd

lushmc gf kfkardcf Gfs nhpmsmkfs %hc vhtrm( v+_CDQFs " gfs nhpmsmkfs t+_CDQFs

lushmc nfctf

Hctfrvfcthmc %gdcs nd ofnnunf( g)dutrfs prmthcfs :

pmur hchthfr nd lushmc

mu pmur rfthrfr gfs prmthcfs hcehahtrhofs

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Hkpmrtdcof gfs pecmkcfs gf lushmc gf kfkardcf :

Wrdcspmrt vshoundhrf

Lomcgdthmc %lushmc mmnfkkf spfrkdtmzmgf(

Lushmc gfs kymandstfs

Kdhcthfc gf nhgfctht gfs ofnnunfs Kdhcthfc gf nhgfctht gfs omkpdrthkfcts hctrdofnnundhrfs

Kmgf gfctrf gfs vhrus d fcvfnmppf gdcs nfs ofnnunfs

GH_OQHKHCDWHMC FCWQF \MHF OMC_WHWVWH\F FW \MHF QIVNF =

O)fst ghrf : qufnnfs smct nfs kodchskfs quh vmct ldhrf quf nfs prmthcfs vmct fkpructfr nd

vmhf omcsthtuthvf mu riunf

Nfs ghllrfctfs tdpfs :

d# Diridthmc

a# Omcofctrdthmc

o# Kdturdthmc

g# Fxmoytmsf

D# Diridthmc gfs kmnounfs

Irof gfs shicdux hcomccus kdhs prmadanfkfct omkkucs tmutf ucf ondssf gf prmthcfs#

Nfs odcghgdts pmtfcthfns smct nfs oermkmirdchcfs %prsfctf gdcs uchqufkfct gdcs nfs ofnnunfs

sorthmc riunf( Wmutfs nfs oermkmirdchcfs. mct uc pmhct hsmnfotrhquf trs dohgfs# _h mc

prfcg uc tuaf. mc kft gfs oermkmirdchcfs dvfo nf pE gu Imnih ft nd omcofctrdthmc dgqudt

fc odnohuk. fnnfs vmct s)dirifr spmctdckfct#

Ofrtdhcfs ldkhnnfs gf oermkmirdchcfs pmssgfct gfs pmcts ghsunlurfs quh pfrkfttfct nf ohandif

gfs prmthcfs vfrs nfs vmhfs gf sorthmcs riunf. ofnd ght. tmutfs nfs prmthcfs gf nd vmhf riu+

nf cf pmssgfct pds gf pmct _+_

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A# Omcofctrdthmc

Du gpdrt shkpnf amurifmccfkfct gu WIC dppfn : vshounfs sortmhrfs hkkdturf

Puhs omcofctrdthmc :

Pdr rftmur gf kfkardcfvfrs nfs fcgmsmkfs

Dohghlhodthmc gu omctfcu

gf nd nukhrf

Wmutflmhs omcofctrdthmc

kmgrf pdr rdppmrt ofnnf

quh survhfct nd smrthf gu

QF

O# Kdturdthmc

_f ldht smuvfct pdr prmtmnysf pfcgdct nd lmrkdthmc gf nd vshounf

Dothvdthmc gfs proursfurs hcdothls fc kmnounfs dothvfs pdr prmtmnysf %emrkmcfs

pmnypfpthghqufs ft cfurmemrkmcfs(

Mu = Gautf gdcs nf WIC omcthcuf gdcs nf irdcunf hkkdturf ft gdcs nfspdof fxtrd

ofnnundhrf

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Dkhgdthmc %djmut guc irmupfkfct dkhgf fc O+tfrkhcdn pdr nd PDK %pfpthgyn dnped

dkhgdthci kmcmmxyifcdsf(# Nd inyohcf fst uc gmccfur gdkhgdthmc U+U+Iny U+U+

CE1

Djmut guc irmupfkfct pyrminu pdr nd pyrminutdkyntrdcslfrdsf %Inc pInu(# Fxfkpnf

gf nd WQE

pInu+Ehs+Prm+CE1 Djmut guc irmupfkfct doftyn fc C+tfrkhcdn %doftyntrdcslfrdsf(# Dnped K_E doftynff

dothvf fc prhperhf kdhs pds gdcs nf ofrvfdu

Vcf prmtmnysf spohlhquf d nd vmhf riunf

Wmutfs ofs kmghlhodthmcs vmct kmgunfr ndothvhtf gfs prmtfhcfs lmrkffs

G# Fxmoytmsf

Omconushmc

Nf trdlho hctrdofnnundhrf fst cofssdhrf d nd amccf nmodnhsdthmc gfs prmthcfs ft pfrkft gf

kmgunfr nfur dothvht ahmnmihquf

Nfs kmghlhodthmcs pmst+trdguothmccfnnfs riunfct ndothvht gfs prmthcfs

Fnnfs smct spohlhqufs guc omkpdrthkfct gmcc

Nf trdlho hctrd+ofnnundhrf sfllfotuf gdcs nfs gfux sfcs pmur kdhctfchr ndroehtfoturf gf nd

ofnnunf

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