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Yammer, matrixed teams, and collaboration: increasing student engagement Al Warner Penn State Erie 2014 Southern Management Association meeting

Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

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Page 1: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Yammer,  matrixed  teams,  and  collaboration:    increasing  student  engagement  Al  Warner  

Penn  State  Erie  

2014  Southern  Management  Association  meeting  

Page 2: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Foundation

� Prior approach � Case based, single industry focus. � Completely individual work.

� Motivation: Case method develops � Higher level cognitive skills through

discussions, argument, and resolution. � Managerial skills in organizing to solve

problem and in solution of the case problem itself.

� Case study = active or experiential learning practice (Mesny, 2013).

Page 3: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Case method critique

� Case use as second hand experience (McCarthy & McCarthy, 2006)

� Too safe or abstract for real engagement (Kosnik, Tingle, & Blanton, 2013)

� Not always “active” when instructors control the discussion (Mesny, 2013)

� …and I wasn’t getting outcomes I wanted – discussion, analytic thinking, better writing. Students seemed increasingly disengaged, perfunctory

Page 4: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

CoI adapted

� Community of Inquiry (CoI): Dewey’s notion that inquiry/learning is social activity

� CoI is online learning concept of three elements:

� Cognitive presence – degree to which learners construct meaning through discourse/reflection

�  Trigger, exploration, integration, resolution

�  Social presence – affective expression, open communication, group cohesion

�  Teaching presence – design, management of cognitive and social processes

Swan, Garrison & Richardson (2009); Garrison, Anderson & Archer (2010)

Page 5: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

New approach

� Frame: add to portfolio of professional skills in problem solving, research, communication

� Encourage group problem solving, sourcing and critique of potential evidence sources via Yammer platform

� Eventually share writing as public document others could use with attribution

Page 6: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Work and coordination

� Class  organized  as    � Paper  writing  teams  to  deliver  complete  industry  and  firm  analyses  

� Topic  groups  (ABC)  to  research  and  qualify  relevant  problems,  identify  sources,  vet  quality  

� Students  move  between  paper  and  topic  groups  

� Students  � Collaborate  at  topic  level  � Deliver  2  page  papers  on  each  topical  area  for  assessment    

� As  team,  have  developed  complete  coverage  of  topic  

�  Integrate  into  group  paper  

Page 7: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Class organization

US Brewing Industry US Air carrier Industry

Team 1 A B C

Team 2 A B C

Team 3 A B C

Team 4 A B C

Team 2 A B C

Team 1 A B C

Team 3 A B C

Team 4 A B C

Page 8: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Class organization

MBA: Oil and Gas E&P Industry

Team 1 A B C D E

Team 2 A B C D

Team 3 A B C D E

Team 4 A B C D

Page 9: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Class organization

Any Industry

Team 1 A B C

Team 2 A B C

Team 3 A B C

Team 4 A B C

topic  

paper  

Page 10: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Course topics

�  Industry  definition  (team)  � PEST  

�  A:  Political  �  B:  Economic  �  C:  Sociocultural  OR  technological  (vary  by  industry)  

� Five  Forces  B2E  (2  each  for  A  B  C)  � Five  Forces  Supplier,  Buyer,  Rivalry,  Substitutes  �  Industry  performance  (individual  and  team)  � Competitor  analysis  (team)  � Strategic  choice  � Dynamics  and  change  � All  integrated  into  team  final  paper  

Page 11: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Class Structure

� In class: brief summary of topical information

� BYOD work in topic groups in class

� Essential element: work outside of classroom in Yammer

Page 12: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:
Page 13: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:
Page 14: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Collaboration examples

� PEST analysis � Each topical group worked on factors by

developing questions (e.g., what counts as a P issue?), identifying sources, and showing effect on industry

� Developed better, more relevant questions or issues

�  Forced better reporting on sources: why is this source good? What is the relevant information? How do you use/interpret it?

Page 15: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Collaboration examples

� Industry performance � Each student took on profit analysis of

single firm over 5 year period

� Each industry group collated these into single document

�  Established average profitability, superior performers which was used in subsequent work

�  Forced convergence toward common reporting and uploading formats

�  Raised excellent questions on accounting reporting

Page 16: Yammer,’ matrixed’ teams,and’ collaboration:increasingbehrend-elearn.psu.edu/event/files/yammer-matrixed-teams-and-collaboration.pdfengagement throughout (class + Yammer) ! Concerns:

Outcomes and concerns

� Wins:

� Much better papers at individual level (10%+ higher scores on average vs prior classes, same topics)

� Much more dynamic classroom and high engagement throughout (class + Yammer)

� Concerns:

� Gains did not extend to group paper (integration issues)

�  Some backlash over being “forced” to work on class outside scheduled class meeting times

�  Yammer participation was not consistent across class

� Not all students have good technology