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ACTA
PHYTOTAXONOMICA ET GEOBOTANICA
iik `Ym ffr 'X m )FIEi e iig ti!! iEE
4N Jit Ni ,lt me pt -ti-d k M
Vol. XIII Nov. 1943
H zignc- wsi t ti " tsO#if
On the Species of Troltius in Japan.
k4' glS f51r jll : Kingo MiyABE
The first endemic species of Trollius reported from our floral region is
Trollius j'aponicus Miq. It was in 1867 that Miquel published the description
of the species based en the fiowering specimen collected in Yezo by some
unknown Japanese collector prior to 1823, the year when Siebold first came to
our country. It was stated by Miquel that the specirnen was one presented to
Siebold. Among the endemic species of Trollius, T. iaponicus has the widestdistribution, In Honshu it is distributed from the alpine district of Prov. Shinano
to that of Prov. Mutsu. While in Hokkaido it is widely distributed from the
mountains of Prov. Shiribeshi through those of the non-vo!canic origin in Prov.
Ishikari to the Mashike mountain group in the southern part of Prov. Teshio.
Southwards it is extended to the Hidaka mountain range. It is, however, not
found in Saghalien and Kuriles, and also on the Asiatic continent.
The Hidaka mottntain range, which forms a part of the backbones of
Hokkaido, is well known as the homes of many interesting species new to
science. We have found also among Trollius two new species having striking
characters, namely, T. citrinuS and T. Mshidae. The former has a light lemon-
colored flower and a peculiar canoe-shaped petal, the characters the most
unusual among the genus. The latter is somewhat related to T. 1'aponic"s, from
which it is readily distinguished by its inflorescence, shorter petals and longer
styles, the longest among our species.
Among the other endemic species, T. hondoensis Nakai has a limited area of
distribution in the Central Honshu, and T. Pulcher Makino is also restricted to
-- 1 ---
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the Island Rishiri in Hokkaido and to the Shiretoko Peninsu!a in South
Saghalien. T. pulcher is the only species in our region or probably in the Far
East which has subglchqlar flowers with stibconnivent sepals.
The rest of the species have their centers of distribution in the adjacent
continental regions. Trotlins Riederi.dnus Fisch. et Mey. and T. membranoslylis
Hult. of the Ochotsk and Kamtchatka origin are widely distributed throughottt
the whole range of the Kurile Islands. T. Riederianas has been collected in theIsl, Ekaruma in the N Kuriles, in Ketoi, Shimushir and Urup ln M. Kuriles,
while in the S. Kuriles, ft was found only in Etorofu, where a beautiful
polysepalous form was collected. T. membranoslylis is more common and widely
distributed in the Kuriles. In the N. Kuriles it was collected in Shumushu,
Paramushir, Onnekotan and Makanrushi, in the M. Kuriles in Rashuwa,
Ushishir, Shimushir and Urup, and in the S. Kuriles in Etorofu, Shikotan and
Kunashiri. It is noteworthy that the plant appears isolated in the central
Hokkaido in the velcanic mountain group ef Daisetsuzan.
Trellius maerqPetalus Fr. Schm. and T. Ledebouri Rchb. var. polysopalusRgl. et Til. have the relation in their distribution to the Maritime Province
and Manchuria. The former is found in the District Mauka in the western
coast of Saghalien, while the latter is restricted to the Island Rebun off the
coast of Cape Soya.
As it was pointed out by Dr. Tatewaki, that in the fioras of the Islands
Rebun and Rishiri in spite of their close proximity from each other, there
exists the most striking difference in their constituent elements.
'Trollius
presents one of the notable cases. In the island of Rebun, T. Ledebouri var.
PelysePalus of the continental distrjbution is found to grow, whlle in Rishiri
T. P"lcher Makino, which has its area of distribution extended to Southern
Saghalien, only flourishes. This interesting case in the plant distribution (1)Tatewaki has attempted to explain by the geological formation of these islands.
According to Dr. J. Suzuki, professor of geology in the Hokkaido Irnperial
University, the island of Rebun is made up chiefly of old sedimentary formations
belonging te Neogane Tertiary and in part to Mesozoic. The is!and might have
hacl some connection jn old geologic times with the continent in the inter-
change of their vegetati'on. The isl,and of Rishiri on the other hand i,s a young
stratified volcano of the later formation. Its vegetation is due to the migration
of the plants from the adjgining regions, especially prominent in its alpine -and
subalpine fiora'.
One more species of great interest is left for some extended remarks. It has
{1) Tatewaki, M.- Proa Imp. Aead. X (1934> 680.
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a wide distribution in both North and South Saghalien. It is characterized by
the yellow po!ysepalous flowers with short petals and styles bent in a "key-
shaped" manner. The plant accords well with the description of Troilius
Riederianus (non Fisch. et Mey.) given by N. Schipczinsky with the exception
of that of the membranaceously keeled styles. The case will be discussed fully
under Trollius Schipcalnskii Miyabe.
It is my pleasure to acknowledge my indebtedness to Mr. Bungoro Yoshimura,
assi'stant pTofessor of botany in the Preparatory Department of the Hokkaido
Imperial University, who helped me in many ways and whose acute suggestions
were of great service in the prepaTation of this contribution.
To Dr. Hiroshi Ilara of the Tokyo Imperial University I wish to express my
gratitude for the loan of a necessary literature on the subject.
To Dr. Shiro Kitamura of the Kyoto Imperial University I tender my thanks
for the trouble taken in the publication of,the present paper.
To Dr. Misao Tatewaki, I wish to express my thankfulness for his valuable
suggestions.
To Prof. Y. Tochinai, the director of the Botanic Garden of the Hokkaido
Imperial University and to Mr. B. Ishjda, the assistant manager of the same,
I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness for many valuable living specimens
which they have succeeded in collecting under no small di.Mculties.
Key to the Japanese Species of Trollius.
1. -Petals
conspicuously longer than the stamens・t・--・・・・・・・・・・・-ny・・・・・・2.
-Petals
shorter or slightly longer than the stamens・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・4.
-Petals gradually tapering to the acute or obtuse apex・・・-・・・・・・・・・・・-3.
Petals linear or linear-subspatulate, obtuse, rounded or subtruncate at
2・ the apex.
3. Rebun-kimbaiso. T. Ledebozfri Rchb. var. PolysePalus Regel et Tjl.
-
(Fig. 1, C.)
-Petals
oblanceolate-linear, 30---40 mm. in length, and longer than the
sepals.
3・ 1. Botafzaaki-kimbaiso. T. macropetalus Fr. Schm. (Fig. 1, A.)
Petals subulateJlinear, 12---20 mm. in length and shorter than the sepals.
-
2. Kifmbaiso. T. hondoensis Nakai (Fig. 1, B.)
LSepals 9--16, subconnivent, forming subglobular flowers.4' 4. Botanfeimbai. T. pulcher Makino (Fig. 2, B.; Fig. 5, B.)
-Sepals
patent・・・・-・・・・・-・-・・・・・・・・--・・・-・・・・・・・-・+-・---a・-・・・-・・・・・・・・・5.
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
,-Petals about the same length as or slightly longer than the stamens.
I styles in flower short, ca. Iemm. in length, strai,ght, gradually '
broadened at the base, concolored, and those in matured pods
sometimes with a broad scarious wing on the dorsal side.
5. Chishima-kimbaiso. T. membranoslylis Hult. (Fig. 1, D. E.; Fig.
4, A. B.)-Petals about equal in length to or shorter than the stamens-・・・・・・・・・6.
-Petals about equal in length to or shorter than the stamens・-・・・-・・・i7.
-Petals about equal in length to or shorter than the filaments-・・・・・・・・・9.
-Sepals golden-yellow in color・・・・・・・・・-・・--・・・-・・i-・・・・・・・-・・・・・・・・・・・・8.
Sepals light lemon-colored. Petals orange-yellow toward the apex,
li'near-spatulate, obtuse or subacute, recurved at the apex with
their margin refiexed presenting a canoe-shape, with prominently
saccate nectarostigma, where the petals are abruptly bent at
13oS-150e to their spreading stalks.
10. Elidaka-himbaiso. T. ec-trinus Miyabe (Fig. 3, A. B.; Fig. 6, D.;
- Fig. 8.)
-Sepals obovate-oblong, oblong-elliptical or ebovate=rotundate. Petals
narrowly linear, 8-11 mm, in lengtb, of about the same length as
the stamens or slightly shorter, 3-nerved. Styles lk-21,rnm in
length.
6. 1fita-kiinbaiso. T. Riederianus Fisch. etMey. (Fig.1,F.; Fig. 4,D.)
Sepals obovate-rotundate, rotundate or obovate-ellipticaL Petals linear-
subspatulate, 7--9mm. in length, shorter than the stamens,
generally 5-nerved. Styles 2.5-3.5 mm. in length.
- 7. Ylazo-leimbaiso. T. 1'aPonicus Miq. (Fig. Z, A.; Fig. 5, A.)
-Sepals 5, yellow in color. Follicles 3-8, more er less divergent with
slender consplcuously elongated styles, 4--5 mm. Iong, the longest . among our specles.
8. PiPairo-kimbaiso. T. 2Vishidae Miyabe (Fig. 2, C.; Fig. 5, C.;
Fig. 7.)
Sepals 10-13, yellow in color. Styles ± 2 mm. in length, strongly
recurved and more or less incurved toward the tip, and in some
fiowers those on the periphery are bent abruptly at about the
right angles in a "key-shaped"
manner.
- 9. Kdrajuto-kimbaiso. T. SchiPczinsleii Miyabe (Fig. 2, D; Fig. 6, A.)
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I(11ii)lii
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A
Fig. L (A). Petals
hondeensis Nakai; (C).of Z membranostylis
Iwakawa, (B) - (F). del.
"siet
btw
fi)
It
],
O
L.-"
x.
iilill'it/ili'j・i
P,1・s
A
tw・t
L!
1
t'
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/
//tt tN,.fx1
YU
i
ytw/
$,U -L"
B and stamens of
of T' Ledebouri
Hult.; {F). of 7:
B. Yoshimura.
l//1-v''lil
i'',lli
t uB
H!
1J
au
biiiIRril 11lnl・
t:
('']"
,・", l 'i
'
o
l(p I:lvl !it,n・iNi
Ll!Al-ll iliI 1ll/tlli
lte・vitF''1
Nu-.--T.NL-myX-. -A
C D
(i)1
riv4 J
I?, ・,/
ies1iyi
Ii1t' 1,
!"i
'
-..mry
c
//ltt!tti/
ltti'i
111,ll
Wu
TroUitts macropetalus
Rchb. var. Polysopatzas Riederianus Fisch. et
N-.,..J
D
(li7W)'
i) !
f
O.U,,3
ci ,
i
;
[rpli'
'1l[
yin 1td
-
1
(1-]
ili/1
it
E
lii r,rl・
')'y
ll
i
l/IL/i
ni i・ ,l
il
Kl kdi'i' aLL..-.-"-F
Fr. Schm.; (B), of T.
Regel et TiL; (D), (E). Mey. (A). del. R.
Fig. 2. {A). Petals
and stamens of TroUius
jaPonicus Miq.; (B). of
T. Pulcher Makino; (C).of T. IVishidae Miyabe;
(D). of T. Schipczinkii
Miyabe. --- del. B.
Yoshimura.
A
Fig. 3. (A) Petals
and stamens of Trollius
citn'necs Mjyabe from
Mt. Tottabetsu, deL K.
Hino; (B). of ditto
from the Sapporo Bet.
Gard., del. B. Yoshi-
mura, after being Iong
boiled in water.
B
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F.ig. 4. (A). Follicles, of Tfoltius membranosts,lis HulL from Ruesan, Paramushir,deL R. Iwakawa; (B). of ditto from Kurodake, Mt. Daisetsuzan, deL K. Hino; (C).pistils ot ditte from Isls. Onnekotan and Shirnshir, del. B. Yeshimura; (D). follicles
of Trotiius Riederianus Fisch. et Mey., del. B. Yoshimura.
4 s
A
Eig. 5. (A). Follicles of
Yoshimura; (B). of Trellius
Trolli"s IVishidue Miyabe, del.
,
- u
A Bv.mu.y c
" - ...Lu"-1
B CTrollius joponicas Miq. from Mt. Ashupetnupuri,
pulcher Makino from Mt. Rishiri, del. S. Fujiwara ;
S. Fujiwara.
"
D
del. B.
(c). of
Fig. 6. (IN) Folllcles of Trotlius Sthi-
tlezinhii Miyabe from Mt. Asase, Distr.
Shikka, del. R. Iwakawa; (B). pistils of
ditto from Sekkaizan, Distr. Shikka, del.
B. Yoshimura; (C). of ditte from Mt
Tosso, Distr. Motodomari, del. B. Yoshi-
mura; (D). young follicres of Trollius
citrinus Miyabe, 'deL R. Iwakawa. .
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TRoLuus L.
1. Trollius macrQpetalus Fr. Schm., Fl. Sachal. (1868) 88 et 218; Nakai in
Bot. Mag. Tokyo, XLII (1928) 9; Makino & Nemoto, F]. Jap. ed. 2. (1931) 343;
Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. (1939) 229.
Trollints chinensis (non Bunge) Maxim., Prim. Fl. Amur. (1859) 22; Schipcz.
in Komar. et Schischk., Fl. URSS. VII (1937) 47.
Trollius Ledebouri var. macroPetat"s Regel, Tent. Fl. Uss. (1861) 8; Fr.
Schm., Fl. SachaL (1868) 105, ed. russ. (1874) 113; Komar., FL Mansh. II (1sc4)232; Nakai, Fl. Korea. II (1911) 432; Chosen ShokubutsuI (1914) 58, f. 46a;Miyabe & Miyake, Fl. SaghaL (1915) 17; Mori, Enum. Cor. Pl. (1922) 163.
Trollius Ledebouri (non Reichb.) Sugawara, Ill. Fl. SaghaL (1939) 875, t. 408.
NoM. JAp. Botan2alei-kimbaiso, Kwaen-kimbaiso, (n.n.)
HAB. S. Saghalien. Distr. Mauka: Mauka (Glehn); Nodasan (S. Sugawara). DisTRiB. Saghalien, Maritime Prov., Ussurl-region, N. Korea, Manchuria.
This striking plant, which has long erect linear-oblanceolate petals, tapering
gradually to acute apex anq exceeding in length that of sepals, is only knownto grow jn eur floral region in the District of Mauka in the western coast of
South Saghalien. (Fig. 1, A.)
Those reported from other places under the name of the present species
belong mostly to Trollius Ledebotiri var. Polysapalus RgL et TiL
2. Trollius hondoensis Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tok XVII (1928) 8; Makino &
Nemoto, FL Jap. ed. 2 (1931) 342; Honda, Norn. PL Jap. (1・939) 102.
Trollicas asiaticws var. Ledebouri Maxim. apud Matsum. Shokubutsu Mei-I
(1895) 3eO; Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XI (1897) 249, in Iinuma, Somoku-Dzusetsu, rev. ed. II (1910) 806, pL 642, & I!L FL Ni'pp. (1940) 574, fL 1720. Trollius Ledebouri var. macropetalus (non Regel) Matsum. Ind. Pl. Jap. II-2(1912) 126, excL pl. ex Yezo et Kuriles.
NoM. JAp. Kimbaiso, K)rnkwaso.
HAB. Hbnshu. Prov. Shinano: Mt. Togakushi (S. Matsuda); Mt. Yatsugatake(T. Miyake). Prov. Mino: Mt. Ibukiyama (J. Matsumura, K. Mori, S.Yoshida, G. Koidzumi).
DisTRiB. Endemic in the alpine districts of Central Honshu.
Compared with Trollius asiatict{s(,i)our plant differs in many important points.In the latter the sepals are generally 5in number and the peta]s longsubulate-linear tapering gradually to acute or obtuse apex, while the sepals inthe former are 14-20 in number and the petals are broad spatulate-linear
(1) Curtis's Botanical Magazine VII (1793) no. 235. -
30L---Regel, Pl. Radd. I (1861)・ 57. n. 83.
Ledebo'ur, Fl. Altaica II (183e)
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with obtuse apex and are atso longer than the stamens. But in the shape ef
the leaves, they have a close resemblance to each other. We agree with Prof.
Nakai in considering our plant as a val.id endemic species. (Fig. 1, B.)
3. Trollius Ledebouri Reichb. Icon. Crit. III (1825) 63, tab. 272; Ledeb. Fl.
Ross. I (1842) 51; Regel et Til. FL Ajan. (1858) 38; Regel, PL Radd. I (1861)57, TenL F]. Uss. (1861) 8, n. 22; Komar., FL Mansh. II (1904) 230; Schipca. in
Komar. et Schischk., F]. URSS. VII (1937) 47; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh.
(1939) 229.
var. polysepalus Regel et Til., Fl. Ajan. (1858) 38; Regel, 1. c. (1861) 8, n.
23; Komar., L c. (1904) 232.
Trollius asiaticus (non L.) Maxim., Prim. FL Amur. (1859) 22.
Trollius Ledebouri var. macropetalus (non Regel) Fr. et Sav., Enum. Pl. Jap.
II (1879) 268; Huth in Bull. Herb. Boiss. V (1897) 1084.
1'rollias Ledebouri (non Reichb.) Boiss. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. VII (1899) 597.
NoM. JAp. 1?ebun-leimbat'so. (n. n.) HAB. Elbkkaido. Prov. Kitami: Rebun Isl. Motochi Momoiwa (U. Faurie, C.
Suda, E. Nirei, M. Tatewaki' and K. Seki).
DisTRm Hokkaido, Ajan-, Amurt- and Ussuri-Regions, N. Korea, Manshuria,
North Mongolia to Transbaical Region.
In our plant, flowers are orange-yellew in color and 3-4.7 cm. in diameter.
Sepals are 5-10, rarely 13 in number, obovate-oblong or ot]ovate-rotundate.
Petals are reddish-orange in color, il-15 mm. (generally 12 mm.) in length,
linear, obtuse, rounded or subtruncate at the apex, somewhat widened toward
the apex, 3--nerved, !,onger than stamens, but shorter than sepals and have
remarkably wide stalks. Nectarostigrna are 1.5-2 mm. from the ba$e. Anthers
are 3-4 mm. in length. Follicles are gl.omerate, 16i 31 (generally 22-24) in
number, and 8-15 mm. (generally 10-12 mm.) in length including the style.
Styles in fruit are straight or recurved and 2-2.5 mm. in length. (Fig. 1, C.)
The plant collected in the vicinity of Hakodate by Robert, which was
identified by Fra=chet and Savatier and Huth to Trollitts Ledebouri var.
macropetalus Regel, belongs to the variety under consideration, judgi4g from
their descriptiens of its sepals and petals. The plant i's restricted in its
distribution to a limited area in the Island of Rebun, and has not been known
to grow wild elsewhere in our region. The RoberVs specimen is apparently
from the plant cultivated in a garden in the vicinity ef Hakodate.
4. Trallius pulcher Makino in BDt. Mag. Tok. XXVIII (1914) 109; Makino
& Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 1. (1925) 986.
Trollias Patulus var. sibiricus (non RgL et Til.) Miyabe & Miyake, Fl,
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Sagha]. (1915) 17, p. p.
Trollius 2'aPonicus (non Miq.) Boiss. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. VII (1899) 597.
T;ollius.Riederianus (non Fisch. et Mey.) Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tok. XLII
(1928) 6'quoad pL Rishiri; Makino & Nemoto, Fl. Jap. ed. 2 (1931) 3t13;
Sugawara, Ill. Fl. Saghal. II (1939) 877, p.p., tab. 409.
NoM. JAp. Botan-leimbai. HAB. Ifohleaido. Prov. Kitami: Isl. Rishiri, Mt. Rishiri (W. Hirose, T.
Kawakami, T. Makino, M. Tatewaki, & B. Yoshimura).
S. Saghalien. Distr. Odomari: Peninsula Shiretoko, Mt. Shiretoko (T. Miyake) ;
Mt. Omanbetsu (T. Miyake); Ninushi' (T. Miyake); Ohesaki (T. Miyake). DIsTRTB. Endeml'c in the Island of Rishiri in Hokkaido and in the Shiretoko
Peninsula in South Saghalien.
This is an only species in our region which has subglobular flowers with
numerous subconnivent sepa!s, resembling somewhat those of Trolliass
europaeus. The. plant is accurately and thoroughly described by T. Makino,
and tolerably well' illustrated ・by S. Sugawara i,n hi's Illustrated Flora of
Saghalien.
The flowers vary considerably in size according to the habitat. The large
flowered form is common in the mountain regions of the Shi,retoko Peninsula.
They measure commonly 5 to 6 cm. in di,ameter, while in some cases reaching
even to 7cm., when they are forced to spread by pressing. (Fig.2,B.,Fig.5,B.) 5. Trollius membranostylis Hult., Fl. Kamt. II (1928) 99; Komar., Fl.
Penins. Kamts. II (1929) 116; Tatewaki., Phytog. M. KuriL (1933) 227, 267, 278.
Trolli"s Patalus var. genuinus lus. pedunculat"s (non Regel et Til.) Miyabe,
FL Kurile Isls. (1890) 215.
Troltius Patulus var. brevistylus lus. peduncutatus (non Rgl. et Ti.I:) Makino
in Bot. Mag. Tok. XI (1897) (249). Trollius Patul"s var. sibiricus (non RgL et TiL) Huth j.n BulL Herb. Boiss.
V (1897) 1084.
Trolli"s Patulws var. brevislylis (non RgL et TiL) Yabe et Yendo in Bot.
Mag. Tok. XVIII (1904) (182). Trollias Patulass var. Riederian"s Kudo, Fl. IsL Paramushir (1922) 105.
Trollius Riederianus (non Fisch. et Mey.) N. Schipcz. in Net. Syst. Herb.
Hort..Bot. Petrop. IV (1923) 13 pro min. parte, in Bull. Jard. Bot. Rep. Russ.
XXIII (1924)---iLO,--&---in-Korn.-et Schisch., Fl. URSS. VII (1937) 50; Ohwi, Florula
Shikot. I {1932) 37; Tatewaki, Rep. Pl. Isl. Shikot. (1940) 34.
1leollius joponicus (non Miq.) Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tok. XLII (1928) 7. quoad
pl. Nutakkaushipe et Etorofu, & Rep. Veg. Mt. Daisetsuzan (1930) 48.
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Trolli"s J'aPonicus f. Peduncttlatus Nakai, 1. c. (1928) 8.
NoM. JAp. Chishima-no-kimbaiso, Chishima-kimabaiso.
HAB. Elbleleaido. Prov. Ishi,kari: Mt. Daisetsuzan CH, Koidzumi, T. Mkai);
Mt. Koizumidake (S. Ito & S. Imai); Mt. Nutakkaushipe (G. Koidzumi); Mt.
Niseikaushipe (M. Okamoto); Mt. Kurotake (K. Miyabe & M. Tatewaki, Y.
Irnai & S. Yamagiwa); Mt. Asahidake (K. Togashi); Mt. Ishikaridake (Y.Tochinai & B. Ishida), Prov. Nemuro:(?) Mt. Shari (U. Faurie).
S. Kletriles. Isl. Kunashiri: Nikishiro (M. Tatewaki); Seseki (Tatewaki);Oclaibake (Tatewaki,). !sL Shikotan: Mt. Masuba (Tatewaki); Mt. Notoro
(S. Ono). Isl. Etorofu: Vicinity of Furebetsu (K. Miyabe); Bettobu (T.Kawakam!, K. Miura); Bettobu-Shamanbe (M. Miura); Shana <M. Aizawa);
Shibetoro (Kenji Miyabe & G. Tanaka); Sekiya-Porosu (Kenji Miyabe & G.
Tanaka); Moyoro (Kenji Miyabe & G. Tanaka); Uyebetsu (M. Nagai.); Toro
(K MSura).
Ml Khrriles. Isl. Urup: Tokotan (M. Tatewaki); Mishima (Tatewaki & K.
Takahashj,); Kobune (Tatewaki). Isl. Shimushir: Nakadomari (Tatewaki &
Takahashi). -Isl. Ushishir: Kuretayama, Minami,jirria (Tatewaki&Takahashi).
'Isl. Rashuwa (I. Kedama, Tatewaki); Mikasa <Tatewaki & Tokunaga);
Yotsuiwahama (Tatewaki & Tokunaga); Nakadomari (Tatewaki);・Higashiura(Tatewaki); Sonrakuwan (Tatewaki.). N. Kburiles, Is!. Onnekotan: Nerno (Tatewaki). Isl. Makanrushi (Tatewaki). Isl. Paramushir: Otrnai (T. Tarao); Murakamiwan (Y. Kuclo); Hiratazaki
(Y. Kudo); Kashiwabarawan (Y. Kudo); Nodawan (Y. Kudo); Shirakawa (Y.Kudo); Ruesan (Y. Kudo). Isl. Shumushu: (T. Ishikawa, S. Seki, Capt.
Gunji); Kataokawan (M. Aizawa, K. Yendo); Numajiri <Y. Okada).
DisTRiB; From' the Ochotsk region eastward to Chukch Peninsula and
Kamtschatka, extending southward throughout the Kurile Archipelago as far
as the volcanic mountain group of Daisetsuzan in the Central Hbkkaido.
It is very unfortunate to name a plant on the character which is not constant
but sporadic appearing now and then. The characteristic scarious-winged style
of the present species is certainly striking, Even in the same plant bearing
several ri,pened fruits, we find some with winged fol!icles and some withouU
Moreever, this character does not appear on young pistils in the flowering
time.
Fortunately, we have two excellent specimens with the ripe pQds with the
characteristic short outward bent style provided on its outer side with a broad
searious wing running down the upper third of the pod. One is that collected
by Y. Kudo at Ruesan in the Island of Paramushir on Aug. 5, 1920. Another is
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one collected by K. Miyabe and M. Tatewaki at Mt., Kurodake in the Daisetsuzan
Range on Aug. 19, 1925. (Fig. 4, A, B.)
In flowers, the styles are short, 1.5-2 mrn., straight or slightly recurved
gradualty broadened toward the base, concolored and without any tra,ce of a
wing on the dorsal side.
The ripe follicles are short broad elliptical, 8-9 mm. in length inctuding the
style, and generally 10-13 forming rather roundish clusters. Hulten laid a
stress on the size of the anthers. In the Kamtschatican specj,mens, the anthers
are $aid to be only 1-2 mm. in length, while in the Japanese plant they are
generally 3-4 mm. '
One of the characteristics of the present species is its long li.near petals which
are slightly longer than the stamens or about the same length. (Fig. 1, D. E.)
Hult6n based his new species T. membraneslylis on N Schipczinsky's T.
Riederianus (non Fisch. et Mey.) apparently laying a great stress on the
rnembrano-keeled style. The rest of the characters judging from Schipczinsky's
description are of the plant not found in Kamtschatka and Kuriles. The plantis said to pessess very short petaIs, 4 mm, long and somewhat shorter than
the filament, and styles, about 3 mm. Iong, and strongly recurved in the so-
called "key-shaped"
manner. The plant having such characters is found widely
distributed in Saghalien.
6. Trollius Riederianus. Fisch. et Mey. in Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. IV
(1837) 48; Trautv. et Mey. Fl. Ochot. (1859) 9; Hult., Fl. Kamt. II (1928) 97;
Kom., Fl. Penins. Kamt. II (1929) 114; Tatew., Phytog. M. KuriL (1933) 197,22Z 249; Hult., FL AIeut. Isls. (1937) 76.
Trollius patulpts Ledeb., FL Ross. I (1842) 50 quoad pl. Karntsch,
Trolli"s Patulus var. genuinas lus. Ped"nculatus Regel et Til., Florul. Ajan.
(1859) 36 quoad Pl. Ins. Curil.
Trollius f'aponz'cus (non Miq.) N. Schipcz. in Bull. Jard. Bot. R6publ. Russ.XXIII <1922) 71 quoad Pl. Kamtsch.
Tlr'ellius J'aPonicus f. Peduncutatus Nakai in Bot. Mag, Tok. XLII (1928) 8.
NoM. JAp. K)ta-himbaiso. (n. n.)
HAB. S. 1ft{riles. Isl. Etorofu: Atoiya (T. Kawakami) ; Onnebetsu (T. Ishikawa) ;Shana and its vicinity (B. Yoshimura).
M: Khariles. Isl. Urup: Tokotan and i,ts vicinity (T. Ishikawa, K. Jimbo, S.Itagaki); Boat Harbor (T. Kitahara); Mishima (Capt. Taketomi). Isl..Shimushir: Yamagoshizaki (M. Tatewaki & Y. Tokunaga); Broughton Bay
(Tatewaki & K. Takahashi). Isl. Ketoi: Ishikuzurehama (Tatewaki &Takahashi).
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An Kuriles. Isl. Ekaruma (Tatewaki). DisTRiB. Far Eastern Siberia, Ochotsk, Karntschatka, Kuriles and Aleutians.
The present species is somewhat related to Tbeollius ]'aPonicus Miq., with
which .it has often been confounded. It is, however, easily distinguished from
the latter by the shape and color of the sepals, which are genera11y obovate-
oblong or oblong-elliptical and yellow instead of being obovate-rotundate or
orbicular and orange-yellow. In TroUius Rieden'aness, more6ver, the styles are
comparatively short, 1.5-2.5 mm. in length, straight or somewhat incurved.
and eften hamate and bifid at the apex, while in T. f'aPont'ews they are longer, x
3-3.5 mm. in length, straight or sometimes more or less incurved, graduallytapermg to very slender apex, which is often hamate. In the character 6i thepetals they differ also from each other. In T. Riederianus the petals are
comparatively narrow-linear, 8-11 pam. in length and of about the same
length as the stamens, and generally 3-nerved, while in T. 1'aPonicws they are
broadly linear-subspatulate, 7--9 mm. in length, shorter than the stamens and
generally 5-nerved. (Fig. 1, F.; Fig. 4, D.) ・
The soecimens. collected by B. Yoshimura and H. Yokoyama at the localities
between Porosu and Sokiya and alsQ between Shibetoro and Moyoro are
polysepalous. The sepals are 11--14 in number. The outermost sepals are
rhombic-rotundate and the inner ones obovate-elliptiQal tQ narrowly oblong.
The styles in fiower are 2-2.5 mm. in length, slender, straight and !ight-
colored. In schedule they are named as f. splendens Tatew. et Ybsim.
7. Trollius japonicus Miq. in Ang. Mus. Bot. Lugd. BaL III (1867) 6, Prol.
Fl. Jap. (1867) 194; Fr. et Sav., Enum. Pl. Jap. I (1875) 9; Huth, in BulL Herb.
Boiss. V (1897) 1085, excl. pl: ex Rebunshiri et Riishiri; 1latabe, 'Nippon
Shokubutsu HenI (1900) 43, fL 42; Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tok. XLII (1928) 7,
p.p.;. Takeda & Tanabe, Kozanshokubutsu Shashin Zustiu II fasc. 2 (1932>17, Pls. 229, 230, 231; Nernoto, FL lap. Suppl. (1936) 233; Takeda, Alp. FL Jap.(1938) 3, Pl. 3; Honda, Nbm. Pl. Jap. (1939) 102.
Tbeolliass Patulus (non Salisb.) Matsum., Shokubutsu Meii (1895) 3oo; Miyoshi
& Makino, Alp. PL Jap. II (1907) 101, PL L4 f: 293; Nakai in BoL Mag. Tok.
XXII (1908> 77; Makino &, Nemoto, FL Jap. (1925) 986; Makino, Ill. Fl. Nipp.
(1940) 574, t 1721.
Tbuollius Patulus var. genuinus lus. peduncuJatus (non Regel et TiL) Makino
in Bot. Mag. Tok. XI (1897) 249.
T. Patulass var. genuinus lus. Parviforus (nQn Regel et Til.) Makino, l. c.. 250.
NoM. JAp. Ylaga-kisnbaiso, Sntnano-ldmbaiso.
HAB. 17bkkaido. Prov. Shiribeshi: Mt. Kariba (I. Yamamoto), ML Higaslti-Keriba
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(I. Yamamoto), Mt. Yoichi (H. Yanagisawa, I. Yamamoto), Mt. Iwaonupuri
(S. Nishida), Mt. Nisekoan, byachi (B. Yoshimura & H. Yokoyama). -- Prov.
Ishjkari: Mt. Muine (I. Yamamoto), Mt. Tengu (I. Yk!mamoto), Mt. Yubari
(T. Ishikawa, H. Yanagjsawa &A. IIamana, S. Nishida, B. Ishida), Mt. Ashupet-
nupuri (S. Nishida & H. Yanagisawa). --- Prov. Teshio: Mt. Shokanbetsu (I.Yamamoto), Mt. Ofuyu (I. Yamamoto), Mt. Kunbetsu (I. Yamamoto). Prov.
Hidaka: Mt. Bisei (Y. Hoshino). --Prov. Tokachi: Mt. Memoro (S. Nishida).
Hbnshu. Prov. Shinano: Mt. Shirouma (Y. Yabe, Y. Yazawa, H. Takeda, M.Miura). ---Prov. Mutsu: Mt. Hakkoda (D. Murayama & T. Yabe).
DisTmB. From the alpine regions of Central Honshu northward to Hokkaido,
where the plant is widely distributed in Shiribeshi, Ishikari and Teshio,
extending also to the Hidaka Mountain Range. It js not found in Saghalien
and Kuriles.
In the Hekkaido plant, the number of sepals are generally 5, forming large
orange-yellow flowers with the diameter of 4 to 5.5 cm. They are obovate-
rotundate or orbicular ln shape. Petals are subspatulate-linear, rounded at the
apex, orange-red in color, generally 5-nerved, 7--9 mrn. in length and shorter
than stamens. Nectarostigma are situated at 1.5-2 mm. from the base. Follicles
are glomerate, 10-17 in number, and 13-15 mm. in length including the
style. Styles are long, slender, erect, strajght or slightty incurved at the apex,
and 2.5--3.5 mrn. in length. (Fig. 2, A.; Fig. 5, A.)
There is a forrn having e!lipti.cal to ovate・elliptical sepals from Mt. Shiro-
uma, Prev. Shi.nano, which may better be consi,dered as a special southern
form of the species and to which the name form. shinanensis Miyabe,"Shinanoleimbaiso"
may properly be applied.
8. Trollius Nishidae Miyabe sp. nov.
Folia caulina intermedia breve petiolata, laminis ambitu reniformibus vel
orb!culatis 12 cm. Iatis, trisectis, foliolis medis obovatis trifidis basi cuneatis,
lobis inciso-dentatis vel lacinjatis. Caulis superior rarnosus, pedicellis elongatis
erectis vel erecto-ascendentibus. Flores 3.5-4 cm. in diam.; sepalis 5, laete Iuteis
patentibus obovato-eliipticis subrotundatis vel oblongo-eliipticis, margine
integris vel denticulatis; petalis aurantiacis ca. 6 mm. Iongis, linearibus vel
li.neari-spathulatis, apice rotundatis, aequilongis vel brevi,oribus filamentis,
trinervatis, nectarostjgmate 1.5 mm. supra basin; antheris 3-3.5 mm. Iongis;folliculis 3-8, paulo divergentibus, cum stylo 12--13 mm. Iongis, stylis
conspicue elongatis et tenuibus apice attenuatis 4-5 mm. Iongis, pauloincurvati.s, laete coloratis. (Fig. 2, C.; Fig. 5, C.; Fig. 7.)
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14 H]as:re+yN4 V・9ntlcDnttw
-NoM・ JAp. RiPairo-kimbaiso. (n.n.) '
HAB. JElokfeaido. Prov. Tokachi: Alpine meadow at the summit of Mt. Pipairo
(S. Nishida, July 28, 1914--the type in Herb. Hokkaido Imp. Univ.); Mt, Satsunai
(S. Nishida, July 24, 1917). . ' ・
DisTRiB. Endemic. .
The plant is closely related to TroUius f'ciponicus, from which it is ・readily
distinguished by the character of its inflorescence and bY its shorter petals.
The most striking difference is, however, found in the follicles and their styles.
The number of the follicles are remarkably few, some counting only three. x
They are more or less divergent with very long slender styles, the longest
among our species of Trollius.
The plant is named after its collector, Sh6z6 Nishiaa, theProfessor of Botany
in the Otaru Higher Commercial SchooL In his younger days, he was an
enthusiastic collector and investigator of the a!pine flora ofHokkaido, especially
of the mountains in the Provinces of Ishikari and Tokachi.
9. Trdllius Schipezinskii Miyabe, nom. nov.
TroUius Riederianus (non FSsch. et Mey.) N. Sch{pcz. in Not. Syst. Herb.
Horti Bot. Petrop. IV (1923) 13, in Bull. Jard. Bot. R6pub. Russ. XX!II (1924)70, in Kom. et Schischk., Fl. URSS. VII (1937) 50, pro maj. parte; Nakai in Bot.
Mag. Tok. XLII (1928) 6, quoad p!. Sachalin.
T)'ollius Patulzas Salisb. var. sibiricus RgL et TiL, Florula Ajan. (1858) 38; Fr.
Schm. FL Sachal. (1868) 106; Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tok. XXI (190b 127; Koidz.,PL Sachal. (1910) 61; Miyabe & Miyake, FL Saghal. (1915) 17, p. p.
Trollius Patulus var. genwinus lus. involucratens (non Rgl. et Til.) Fr. Schm.,
Fl. Sachal. ed. russ. (1874) 113.
Troliipts Patulus var. 1?iederianus Kudo, Contrib. FL N Saghal. (1923) 36, Rep.
PL N. SaghaL (1924) 128. -
NoM. JAp. KaraLfaeto-kimbaiso.
HAB. S. Sag7laalien. Distr. Toyohara: Mt. Susuya (T. 'Miyake)
; Galkinovlaskoj
(T. Miyake). Distr. Motodomari: Mt. Tosso (N. Hiratsuka, fi1., N. Nagai &
S. Iwadare); Mt. Kashipo at Horonaipo (H. Aburniya, Y. Hoshino & G. Takee);
R. Horo (M. Aioi).-- Distr. Shikka: Funaclomari (M. Kawashima); Chirikoro
(Kawashima); Mt. Asase (S. Sugawara); Kawashimayama (Sugawara, M. Ta-
tewaki & Y. Takahashi) ; Nhruko (Sugawara) ; Nirayama (Tatewaki & Takahashi) ;
Mt. Perengai (Tatewaki & Takahashi); R. Yennai (Tatewaki & Takahashi);
Upper source of R. Rukutama (B. Yoshimura & M. Hara); Foot of Sekkaizan
(B. Yoshimura & M. Hara).
N: Saghalien. Distr. 'Alexandrowsk: between Dui and Arakai (Glehn).
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Hxsra stLy.tIvty Jeloi.Enc ls
Distr. Tim: between Aobaekl and Kamionoru (Y. Kudo & M. Tatewaki).
DisTRiB. From Ochotsk and Udskoj Districts to N. Saghalien, southward to the
eastern mountain ranges as far as Distr. Toyohara in Sottth Saghalien.
In the present species, flowers vary greatly j,n size according to the habitat,
ranging from 3---4 cm. Gn Distr. Shikka) to 5-6 cm. (in D:,str. Motodomari
and Toyohara) in diameter. Sepa!s are le-13 in number, yellow, rhomboideo-
ova! or obovate, apiculato-denticulate at the apex. PetaJs are broad linear-
subspatulate, rounded at the apex, 5-7.5 mm. in length, light orange-colored
and shorter than the filaments. Nectarostigma is situated at about 1.5-2 mm.
from the base. Anthers are 2-3 mm. in length. Follicles are 7-19 in number,
glomerate, about 13 mm. in ,,length i.ncluding the styles. Styles are about 2mm.
in length and are strongly recurved and more or less incurved toward the
apex, and in some flowers those situated on the peri,phery are bent abruptly
at about the right angles in a so-called "key-shaped"
manner. (Fig. 2, D.; Fig.
6, A.).
The above descripti,on coincides well with that of Trollius 1?iederianus N.
Schipcz. sp. restit. with the exception of the scariously keeled s'tyles which are
entirely wanting in the Saghalj,en plant.
Thi,s peculiar strongly recurved style was attributed by N Schipczinsky to
his Treliius Riederianus as its specific character togethet with the membrana-
ceous keel on its style. It is very doubtful ,that these two characters of the
style are found in the same fiower. Most likely the antihor had mixed up two
different plants in his T. Riederiames. On the plant with scarious-winged styles,
Hulten has established his new species, T. membranostylis, taking T. Riederianus
N. Schipcz. as its synonym without any serious qualifications.
10. Trellius citrinus M{yabe sp. nov.
Herba pdrenni・s, florens ca. 50 cm. alta, caule vulgo ramoso basi vaginis latis
membranaceis obtecto. Folia radicalia 3-4, Ionge petiolata, laminis 7 cm. Iongis
15 cm. Iatis ambitu reniformibus pa!mato-trisectis, foliolis medils rhomboideo-
ovatis breve petiolatis trifidis 7 cm. Iongis 5 cm. Iatis, lobis laciniatoserratis,
folio]is lateralibus profunde bipart.itis, partitionjbus fo]i.olo medio subconfor-
mibus. Folia caulina 3, radical,ibus conformia, sed paulo minora atque inferiora
breve petiolata, petiolis 5 cm. Ionga, superiora subsessilia basi vaginata. Flores
5--6 cin. in diam.' laete citrini; sepalis 5 patentibtts, obovato-rotundatis, sub-
rotundatis, obovato-ellipticis vel oblongo-ellipticis, apice subdenticulatis; petalis
le-13 mm. Iengis luteis versus apicem aurantiacis, lineari-spathulatis obtusis
vel subacutjs apice recurvatis margine refiexis itaque navicellatis, apud
nectarostjgma saccatis et angulis 130'-1500 infiexis; antheris 4.5 mm. Iongis;
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stylisFig.
6,
NbM.
HAB.
4 km,
the
Botanic
Thethein
thegoldenMr.Botanic
Theand
its
long inlost.
H Jptre !e )t .q v e rmowtut
rectis vel paulo recurvis sub anthesi 2-2.5 mm. Iongis. (Fig. 3, A. B.;
D.; Fig. 8.) .
JAp. EEdaka-ntmbaiso. (n. n.) Hbfekaido. Prov. Hidaka: on the shoulder oi 1852 m. peak, situated about
south of Mt. Esaoman-tottabetsu (Y. Tochinai & B. Ishida, VIII. 2, 1934
type in the Herb. Hokkaido Imp. Univ.); the plant transplanted in the
Garden, Hokk, Imp. Univ., Sapporo (K. Miyabe, VI. 9, 1943, VH. 12, 1943)
DisTRTB. Endemic.
present unique species was found growing with 1leollius 1'aPonicus in
alpine meadow on the shoulder of the ridge near ML Esaoman-tottabetsu
Hidaka Mountain range. Its bright light lemon-colored flowers amidst the
yel!ow colored T. jmpont'cus attracted the attention of Prof. Tochinai and
Ishida, who brought back its rootstocks for the alpinery in the University
Garden, Sappore.
most striking characteristics of this species are its lemon-colored flowers
recurved canoe-shaped petals which are. bent abruptly at the saccate
nectarostigma at the angle of 13or-150" to their spreading stalks. By boiling
water, the reflexed edges and recurved shape of the petals are often
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