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LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN
MANAGEMENT
Yogesh Bohra - 17Darshini Gheewala - 33Dharmesh kothari - 52
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Introduction
Modern Logistics Infrastructure covers
facilities like :
large warehouses, distribution centers,
logistics parks,
free trade warehousing zones,
cold chain (static and mobile assets),
ICD/CFS etc.
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CONATAINERISATION
History
Founder :MalcomMcleanIdea inception : in the 30s at New Jersey, USA
Company :Maersk-Sealand established in
the 50s.
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Reason Behind This Idea
Loading the truck itself rather than reloading
from truck to ship
Advantage Saves Effort
Time
Money(wasted in loading and unloading)
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What isContainerisation ?
Its an intermodal freight transport
It uses standard intermodal containers (ISO) Cargo is transported from point of origin to
point of destination
Idea of Containerisation is to see that mostgoods can be shipped by containers.
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Units of Measurement
Standard Measure Current Measure
Twenty foot equivalentUnits (TEU)
20-ft long
7.8 wide 7.9 high
40 ft (2xTEU)containers
45 ft containers equal
Forty-foot equivalentUnits (FEU)
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Types of Containers
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Merits
Faster
More reliable Protection to fragile goods
Less packaging cost
Available in variety of sizes
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Demerits
Non availability of containers
Large capital requirement Specialized material handling equipment
Specialized transport equipment
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Top 3 Container Companies
Name Of Company Number OfShips
A.P.Moller-Maersk Group 639
Mediterranean ShippingCompany S.A.
473
CMA CGM 392
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DeepWater Ports
What is a port ?
A port is usually an area or platform entered into from the sea, byvessels, boats, ships, which also allows for protected staging andanchoring or docking for these ships to load and unload
consignments and continue up towards its destination.
Characteristics of DeepWater Port
Fixed or Floating man-made structure Located beyond territorial sea
Used for loading and unloading
Mainly for oil transport
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Facilities
Deep sheltered waters
Track record in oil and gas On and offshore renewable support
Premier Cruise destinations
Good communication links Skilled labour force
24 hour access
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Inland Container Depot
Common use of facility
It is equipped with fixed installation and
offering services : handling temporarystorage of import export
and empty containers
Goods for warehousing, re-export arecleared under custom control
Transshipment of cargo
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ICDs CFSs
Located in interiors
Largely expected to dealwith break-bulk cargo
Located near servicingports
Helps in decongesting theport by shifting cargo and
Customs related activitiesoutside the port area.
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FUNCTIONs OF ICDs/CFSs
Receipt and dispatch/delivery of cargo.
Stuffing and stripping of containers.
Transit operations by rail/road to and fromserving ports.
Customs clearance.
Consolidation and desegregation of cargo.
Temporary storage of cargo and containers.
Reworking of containers.
Maintenance and repair of container units.
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BENEFITS OF ICDs/CFSs
Concentration points for long distance cargoesand its unitization.
Customs clearance facility available near thecenters of production and consumption
Reduced level of demurrage and pilferage.
Reduced overall level of empty containermovement.
Competitive transport cost.
Reduced inventory cost.
Increased trade flows.
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Cold Chains
A cold chain is a temperature-controlled
supply chain.
It is an uninterrupted series of storage and
distribution activities
It maintain a given temperature range.
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Uses
Extend the shelf life of products such as :
1. fresh agricultural produce2. frozen food
3. photographic film
4. chemicals5. pharmaceutical drugs
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Good manufacturing unit
The cold chain distribution process is anextension of the good manufacturing practice
(GMP).
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Validation
Cold chain needs to be evaluated and
controlled.
It is managed by a quality managementsystem.
Each time the process does not conform to
the process, the event should be properlydocumented, investigated and corrected so
that the temperature excursion do not occur
on future shipments.
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Mechanized Material Handling
Equipment MMHS includes equipment, process controllers,
and equipment shelters required to handlematerials in a proven, systematic, mechanized
manner. MMHS does not include systems that require
research and development. MMHS also does not include:
1. general purpose forklifts2. floor scrubbers
3. refrigerators4. freezers
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Types
Carousel storage systems (horizontal and
vertical).
Mobile storage systems.
Cranes (bridge, trolley, jib, or gantry).
Lifts (e.g., pallet build-up/breakdown lifts).
Ball transfer mats. Storage Aids Systems.
Combinations of the above.
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Specialized Equipments
3 Types
1. Double Stack Container unit train2. Logistic Park
3. Container Corporation of India
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Double Stack Container Unit
Trains A form of Intermodal freight transport
intermodal containers are stacked too high
on railroad cars. Introduced in North America in 1984
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Benefits
Using double stack technology, a freight train
of a given length can carry roughly twice as
many containers sharply reducing costs per container.
reduces damage in transit
provides greater cargo security by cradlingthe lower containers so their doors cannot beopened
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Countries using doublestack
conatiner
Australia China
Netherlands
Great Britain
India : Mundra Port operates double stackdiesel trains using flatcars. It is one of only 3
countries to commercially double stack 9 ft 6 intall containers on a train.
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Logistics Park
A Logistics Park is a logistics concentrating of
construction and development.
it also relies on related logistics services.
reduce logistics costs
improve logistics efficiency
raw material procurement,production and other
activities.
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Outreachareas
including logistics center,
distribution center,
transportation hub facilities,transport organization
Management Center and
logistics information center
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Main role
to adapt to the operational needs of urban
logistics management and logistics
infrastructure; to meet the urban consumer,
nearest production,
regional production required by
the organization of production and businessactivities of enterprises
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Main functions
Three main functions :
1. the logistics organization2. management functions
3. economic deveopment function
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Container corporation of india
Container Corporation ofIndia Ltd. (CCI) is aNavratna Public Sector under the IndianMinistry ofRailways.
Incorporated inMarch 1988 under theCompanies Act.
Concor commenced operations in November
1989 . It now has a network of 59 ICDs/CFSs
(Container Freight Stations) throughoutIndia.
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Core work of CCI
CCI operated three core businesses:
Cargo carrierTerminal operator
Warehouse operator
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AchievementsAnd Awards
Concor was recognised as the top Indian
company in the shipping and logistics sector.
Concor has received a corporate excellenceaward from Amity International for the year2007.
Concor won an award for the Web Based
integrated container.
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Golden Quadrilateral
TheGolden Quadrilateral is a highway networkconnecting India's four largest metropolises:Delhi,Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata, thus
forming a quadrilateral of sorts. The largest highway project in India, initiated by
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Length: 5,846 km (3,633 mi)
The GQ project is managed by the NationalHighways Authority of India (NHAI) under theMinistry ofRoad
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Economic Benifits
better and faster transport networks between manymajor cities and ports.
smoother movement of products and people within
India. It enables industrial and job development in smaller
towns through access to markets.
It provides opportunities for farmers through bettertransportation of produce from the agricultural
hinterland to major cities and ports for export,through lesser wastage and spoils.
it drives economic growth directly throughconstruction as well as through indirect demand forcement, steel and other construction materials.
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Dedicated Freight Corridor
Corporation Of India (DFCCIL) is a Special Purpose Vehicle set up
under the administrative control ofMinistry
ofR
ailways. Aim : to undertake planning & development,
mobilization of financial resources and
construction, maintenance and
operation of the Dedicated FreightCorridors.
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Incorporation
DFCCIL was incorporated in October 2006
under Indian Companies Act 1956.
It enable Indian Railways to improve itscustomer orientation and meet market needsmore effectively.
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Case Study on INFOSYS
Re-engineering Applications for 3PLs
Business Need : To enter the 3PL marketto develop and perform true
transport sub-contracting,
load optimizationload building for itscustomers.
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ChallengesAnd Requirements
all the major IT activities of the company.
The client's existing systems and processes
were unable to support the businessrequirements
There were some existing data warehouses
and Infosys had to enhance them and also
build new ones from scratch.
The client expected huge cost savings.
business intelligence should be enhanced
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Steps taken by INFOSYS
The Infosys Team of 60 professionals
Professionals with varied experience.
This team recommended a modified system . . The team remodeled various processes and
brought them in sync with the client's vision
and strategy.
They also devised an implementation plan
for critical IT areas.
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Result of thesteps taken
the customers of the client can directly enter
orders into the system.
increase in productivity newer and more innovative ways of
conducting business
Huge cost savings were made possible
improved customer relationship
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THANK YOU .