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Commencer avec le TDDEric Hogue - @ehogue
Confoo - 2014-02-27
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TDD2
Où commencer?
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Tests unitaires
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Tests unitaires
est une procédure permettant de vérifier le bon fonctionnement d'une partie précise d'un logiciel ou d'une portion d'un programme (appelée « unité » ou « module »).
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_unitaire
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Ne pas traverser de frontières
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Outils
● SimpleTest● atoum● PHPT● PHPUnit
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Installation - Phar
$ wget
https://phar.phpunit.de/phpunit.phar
$ chmod +x phpunit.phar
$ mv phpunit.phar /usr/local/bin/phpunit
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Installation - Composer
# composer.json
{
"require-dev": {
"phpunit/phpunit": "4.5.*"
}
}
$ composer install
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PHPUnit
FactorialTest.php
<?php
class FactorialTest extends
\PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
}
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public function testSomething() {
}
/** @test */
public function somethingElse() {
}
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● Arrange● Act● Assert
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Arrange
/** @test */
public function factOf1() {
$factorial = new Factorial;
}
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Act
/** @test */
public function factOf1() {
$factorial = new Factorial;
$result = $factorial->fact(1);
}
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Assert
/** @test */
public function factOf1() {
$factorial = new Factorial;
$result = $factorial->fact(1);
$this->assertSame(1, $result);
}
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PHPUnit Assertions
● $this->assertTrue();● $this->assertEquals();● $this->assertSame();● $this->assertContains();● $this->assertNull();● $this->assertRegExp();● ...
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Preparing For Your Tests
setup() -> Avant chaque testteardown() -> Après chaque test
setUpBeforeClass() + tearDownAfterClass()Une fois par test
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TDD20
3 règles du TDD - Uncle Bob
● You are not allowed to write any production code unless it is to make a failing unit test pass.
● You are not allowed to write any more of a unit test than is sufficient to fail; ○ and compilation failures are failures.
● You are not allowed to write any more production code than is sufficient to pass the one failing unit test.
http://butunclebob.com/ArticleS.UncleBob.TheThreeRulesOfTdd21
Red - Green - Refactor
Red Écrire un test qui échoue
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Red - Green - Refactor
GreenLe faire passer
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Red - Green - Refactor
RefactorRégler les raccourcis pris
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/** @test */
public function create() {
$this->assertNotNull(new Factorial);
}
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class Factorial {
}
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/** @test */
public function factOf1() {
$facto = new Factorial;
$this->assertSame(1,
$facto->fact(1));
}
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public function fact($number) {
return 1;
}
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Duplication
public function create() {
$this->assertNotNull(new Factorial);
}
public function factOf1() {
$facto = new Factorial;
...
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public function setup() {
$this->facto = new Factorial;
}
/** @test */
public function factOf1() {
$this->assertSame(1,
$this->facto->fact(1));
}
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/** @test */
public function factOf2() {
$this->assertSame(2,
$this->facto->fact(2));
}
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public function fact($number) {
return $number;
}
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Plus de duplication/** @test */
public function factOf1() {
$this->assertSame(1,
$this->facto->fact(1));
}
/** @test */
public function factOf2() {
$this->assertSame(2,
$this->facto->fact(2));
} 33
public function factDataProvider() {
return [
[1, 1],
[2, 2],
];
}
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/**
* @test
* @dataProvider factDataProvider
*/
public function factorial($number,
$expected) {
...
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…$result =
$this->facto->fact($number);
$this->assertSame($expected,
$result);
}
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public function factDataProvider() {
…[2, 2],
[3, 6],
...
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public function fact($number) {
if ($number < 2) return 1;
return $number *
$this->fact($number - 1);
}
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Beaucoup de travail
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Dépendances
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Problème
class Foo {
public function __construct() {
$this->bar = new Bar;
}
}
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Injection des dépendances
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Setter Injection
class Foo {
public function setBar(Bar $bar) {
$this->bar = $bar;
}
}
public function doSomething() {
// Use $this->bar
}
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Constructor Injection
class Foo {
public function __construct(
Bar $bar) {
$this->bar = $bar;
}
...
}
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Passer la dépendance aux méthodes
class Foo {
public function doSomething(
Bar $bar) {
// Use $bar
}
}
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Système de fichiers
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vfsStream
Système de fichier virtuel
composer.json
"require-dev": {
"mikey179/vfsStream": "*"
},
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Vérifier la création d’un répertoire
$root = vfsStream::setup('dir');
$parentDir = $root->url('dir');
//Code creating sub folder
$SUT->createDir($parentDir, 'test');
$this->assertTrue(
$root->hasChild('test'));
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Lire un fichier
$struct = [
'subDir' => ['test.txt'
=> 'content']
];
$root = vfsStream::setup('root',
null, $struct);
$parentDir = $root->url('root');
...50
Lire un fichier
…$content = file_get_contents(
$parentDir . '/subDir/test.txt');
$this->assertSame('content',
$content);
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Base de données
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Mocks
Remplace une dépendance
● PHPUnit mocks● Mockery● Phake
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Création
$mock = $this->getMock('\NS\Class');
$mock = $this->getMockBuilder
('\Namespace\Class')
->disableOriginalConstructor()
->getMock();
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$mock->expects($this->once())
->method('methodName')
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$mock->expects($this->once())
->method('methodName')
->with(1, 'aa', $this->anything())
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$mock->expects($this->once())
->method('methodName')
->with(1, 'aa', $this->anything())
->will($this->returnValue(10));
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Mocking PDO
$statement = $this->getMockBuilder
('\PDOStatement')
->getMock();
$statement->expects($this->once())
->method('execute')
->will($this->returnValue(true));
...
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...
$statement->expects($this->once())
->method('fetchAll')
->will(
$this->returnValue(
[['id' => 123]]
)
);
...59
$this->getMockBuilder('\PDO')
->getMock();
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…$pdo = $this->getMockBuilder(
'\stdClass')
->setMethods(['prepare'])
->getMock();
$pdo->expects($this->once())
->method('prepare')
->will(
$this->returnValue($statement));61
class PDOMock extends \PDO {
public function __construct() {}
}
$pdo = $this->getMockBuilder
('\PDOMock')
->getMock();
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mysql_*
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DbUnit
extends PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_TestCase
public function getConnection() {
$pdo = new PDO('sqlite::memory:');
return $this->
createDefaultDBConnection(
$pdo, ':memory:');
}64
public function getDataSet() {
return $this->
createFlatXMLDataSet('file');
}
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API
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● Encapsuler○ Zend\Http○ Guzzle○ Classe qui utilise curl
● Mock○ Retourner le xml/json voulu
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Avantages et inconvénients68
Avantages
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Inconvénients
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“If it doesn't have to work, I can get it done a lot faster!”- Kent Beck
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Inconvénients
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Prochaines étapes?
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Tests en continue - Guard
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Intégration continue
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Commentaires: https://joind.in/13312twitter: @ehogue
PHP Mentoring: http://phpmentoring.org/
Questions?
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Credits● Paul - http://www.flickr.com/photos/pauldc/4626637600/in/photostream/● JaseMan - http://www.flickr.com/photos/bargas/3695903512/● mt 23 - http://www.flickr.com/photos/32961941@N03/3166085824/● Adam Melancon - http://www.flickr.com/photos/melancon/348974082/● Zhent_ - http://www.flickr.com/photos/zhent/574472488/in/faves-96579472@N07/● Ryan Vettese - http://www.flickr.com/photos/rvettese/383453435/● shindoverse - http://www.flickr.com/photos/shindotv/3835363999/● Eliot Phillips - http://www.flickr.com/photos/hackaday/5553713944/● World Bank Photo Collection - http://www.flickr.com/photos/worldbank/8262750458/● Steven Depolo - http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevendepolo/3021193208/● Deborah Austin - http://www.flickr.com/photos/littledebbie11/4687828358/● tec_estromberg - http://www.flickr.com/photos/92334668@N07/11122773785/● nyuhuhuu - http://www.flickr.com/photos/nyuhuhuu/4442144329/● Damián Navas - http://www.flickr.com/photos/wingedwolf/5471047557/● Improve It - http://www.flickr.com/photos/improveit/1573943815/● PolliceVersoThumbsUp.jpg - keimevo - https://www.flickr.com/photos/keimevo/14093768567/in/photostream/● PolliceVersoThumbsDown.jpg - keimevo - https://www.flickr.com/photos/keimevo/14093716370/in/photostream/● CILights.jpg - Jan Krutisch - https://www.flickr.com/photos/jankrutisch/4272142306/in/photostream/
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