Etienne JULIOT etienne.juliot@obeo.fr

Conférence à l'Ecole des Mines de Nantes, le 03/01/2011

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Summary

Definitions

Projects

Licenses

Business Models

4

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Qu'est-ce qu'un logiciel libre ?

1 . Libe rt d 'é utilis e r le logicie lpour tous le s u sage s

2. Libe rt d 'é tud ie r é le logicie ld onc acc s au cod e sourceè

3. Libe rt d e é cop ie r le logicie ly com pris pour ve nd re le s cop ie s

4. Libe rt d e é m od ifie r le logicie l e t

d e le re d is tribue r

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And in practical terms?

Open source means:The source code is available to the end-user The source code can be modified by the end-user The licensing conditions promote re-use and wide availability of the software The cost of acquisition to the end-user is often minimal

Open source software is not the same as free software but there is a large overlap

``Open source is a development methodology; free software is a social movement.'’

The Free software Foundation maintains a Free Software Definition (www.fsf.org)

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What about the word « free »?

Free as in “freedom”

This usually implies “free as in free beer”

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Questions

Does the binary need to be available?

Is it allowed for an editor to sell a free software and not provide a free access to the binary and the source code?

Do I always need to redistribute my modification?

What about intellectual property and copyright?

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So why is it better?

You can use it and modify it freely, for any purpose

You are not tied to any company

Even though you might not be able to modify it, somebody can do it for you

Millions of developers watch the code

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When and who

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Richard M. Stallman 54 years-old

hacker (noble meaning)

free software activist

software patents destroyer

father of the GNU project (1983)

father of the Free Software Foundation (1985)

father of the Emacs text editor and other basic tools for operating systems

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Eric S. Raymond

50 years-old

hacker (noble meaning)

founder of the “Open Source” movement

“The Cathedral and the Bazaar”, 1997

disputed member of the Community

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Linus Torvalds

38 years-old

creator of the Linux kernel

self-proclaimed “benevolent dictator” of the Linux kernel development

rarely goes out of his modesty

(but when he does, the entire world knows it!)

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Mike Milinkovich

Executive Director of the Eclipse Foundation

In charge of the strategy of the foundation

Ecosystem

Relation between members, contributers and users communities

Process

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16

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Logiciel libre : chiffres

Tendances­ Utilisateurs de Linux en entreprise prévus en 2008 : +320% par rapport à 

fin 2004­ Croissance du marché Linux dans le monde de 2004 à 2006 :  +36%­ 49% des collectivités régionales ou locales françaises ont installé des 

logiciels libres­ 49% des plus grandes entreprises du monde auront une stratégie open 

source en 2008 

Volumes­ 35 milliards de dollars : poids du marché mondial des logiciels libres 

estimé en 2008­ 146 millions d’euros : poids du marché français des logiciels libres en 

2004­ 450 millions d’euros : poids du marché français des logiciels libres en 

2006

Projections­ Plus d’un milliard d’euros en 2008, plus de 2 milliards d’euros à 

l’horizon 2010­ 900 millions d’euros: part du marché des services informatiques

consacrée aux projets de logiciels libres  Sources : Gartner, IDC

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Summary

Definitions

Projects

Licenses

Business Models

18

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Some exemples

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Write text

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Operating System

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Do some computation

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Development tools

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FOSS == Linux ?

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Fondations and organisations

OPEESTigris

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Myths about Free Software

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To not overestimatedoverestimated the community

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How to contribute?

Infrastructure

CVS, SVN, GIT

Bugzilla, newsgroup, mailing list

Hudson, Portal

Listen the community

Blog, Planet, Twitter

FAQ

Ask before

Don't re-invent the wheel, improve it!

Find the process!

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38

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Organisation de la Fondation

Contributors

Commiters

PMC

Councils: Architecture, Requirement, Planning

Board of Directors (~10)

Staff (~10)

IWG

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Summary

Definitions

Projects

Licenses

Business Models

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Some licenses

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Permissiveness of FOSS licenses

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Exercise

My project « MyExpense » contains source code which depends to

A GPL project

A BSD project

A LGPL project

Which licence can I use for my project?

Is there any difference if I am a company or an individual?

Is there any difference if it's for internal use or not?

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Summary

Definitions

Projects

Licenses

Business Models

Extracts from Fabernovel paper

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Four business models can be identified

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The service model takes two forms

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The services offered are of different types

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The value added distribution model consists in selling a standard version of an existing product

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This model offers a triple client value

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The double licence model relies on a « discrimination » of the users

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A variant of this model: the commercialization of an associated product

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The «mutualization» model rests on the successive development of several modules…

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… and generally results in the creation of a community of clients

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Exemple: Opees Workflow

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Page 57

OPEES Actors and Processes

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Synthesis of the different business models

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Usecase: Distribution

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Usecase: Server

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Usecase: Web

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Usecase: Major editor

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Usecase: Vertical tool

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Usecase: DB

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Usecase: compiler

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Usecase: MD tooling

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Specific VS GenericSpecific VS Generic

Business Logic

Specific

Infrastructure

Business Logic

Generic

Infrastructure

Specialisation

(generation, transformati

on, designers, ...)

InteroperabilityBetter qualityMore tooling

Specific

Infrastructure

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OpenSource isn’t a bisounours worldOpenSource isn’t a bisounours world

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69

Bisounours processBisounours process

Labos SME

BigCompanies

Substrate:open

source

I have a bug

I reference it in OSS bugtracker

I have nothing to do today: I will fix it …

Hope !

This isn’t our job

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OPEES ProcessOPEES Process

Labos SME

BigCompanies

Substrate:open

source

I have a bug

I reference it in contracted bugtracker

Support subcontractor makes the fix

I subscribe an OSS contract support

through Opees

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71

Bisounours processBisounours process

Labos SME

BigCompanies

Substrate:open

sourceIs it interesting for SME?

I do papers and prototypes

Hope !

Is it interesting for customers?

Hope !

ROI ?Investissment ?

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OPEES ProcessOPEES Process

Labos SME

BigCompanies

Substrate:open

source

I want a new long term feature

Is it interested for SME?

Is there a new research interest ?

yes

I do papers and prototypes

YesReuse/ remake

no

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Business Model for ObeoBusiness Model for Obeo

Services

Trainings

Support

Partnership

On Demand

Products

Traceability feature

Included inside Obeo Designer

Included inside Obeo Agility (for Cartography)

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Exemple: how to create designers?

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ArchitectureArchitecture

Technologie Charge Profile demandé

GEF + EMF 90 j Développeur Eclipse et ergonome

GMF Tooling 30 j Expert GMF

Obeo Designer 5 j Concepteur

Choose:

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Business Models

Do everything by yourself

You want to be independant

Training

Support

Expertise

You want to subcontrat

Forfait

Integrated Projet

You wan to use a ready to use packaging

Licenses + Maintenance

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ATL Research / ATL ProATL Research / ATL Pro

ATL

ATL Research ATL Pro

SupportServices

Evolution on demandTraining

1Idea 2

Evaluation

3industrialisation

4Support

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OSONS !