View
6
Download
1
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
2.0
CelluloseIFilaments
Aalto:MeriLundhalVilleKlarLingWangPetriKuosmanenOrlandoRojas
Cellulose exhibition 18.05.2016
VTT:TiiaTenhunenHilleRautkoskiKariKammiovirtaVuokkoLiukkonenVilleKlarTeklaTammelinAliHarlinHannesOrelma
Can we use cellulose’s aspect ratio in material assembly?
CellulosicFibers
mm
Nanocellulose(CNF)
µm-nm
DissolvedCellulose
nm-Å
Woodlogs/Gmber
m
Length of wood fibers limits the use of mechanical yarn manufacturing methods
CellulosecomprehensivechemistryI(1998)
Fiberorienta5onisrequiredforachievingcon5nuouswoodfiberyarn!
ByWikipedista:Ryj-Ownwork,PublicDomain,hOps://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2230538
• Createsimpleandinexpensivefibreyarnmanufacturingtechnique• RetaintheoriginalcelluloseIstructureàintrinsicproperGesofwoodfibres• Fewprocessingsteps
Are all fibers made equal?
30x21cm
3mmx30µm
5x5µm
1x1µm
Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF)
2D and 1D structures
Wetspinningver.1:CNF-basedfilaments
Håkanssonetal.,NatureCommunica:ons5:4018(2014).doi:10.1038/ncomms5018
Nanofibrils in focused flow
(TO-)CNF
An5-solvent
Filament
WatersensiGvityincreasedbyhighsurfacearea(aspectraGo)andcharge
Needtocontrolinterac5onswithwater
TO-CNF,dryCNF,dry
TO-CNF,dryCNF,wetTemporalwetstrengthviasurfacemodificaGonand
dopeformulaGon
Wetspinningver.2:FilamentsfromCNF(co-axial)
(Patentpending)
MeriLundhalVilleKlarLingWangMarikoAgo
Polymerjet
Winder
Hydrogel
(visitourposter)
ConducGve/MagnetoacGveCoaxialFilaments
3DPrinGng
WetSpinn
ing
TeroKämäräinenMaryamBorhei
Flow orientation & spinning with salt
Wood fibres (flow-orientated) Salt: aggregation & precipitation into wet ribbon
ThomasWidmaier,Aalto
YinfengShen,VTT
Koskinenetal.DeviceforconGnuouscelluloseyarndryingandforming,9thInternaGonalDAAAMBalGcConference"Industrialengineering”24-26April2014,Tallinn,Estonia
WO2013034814,Methodforthemanufactureoffibrousyarn,fibrousyarnanduseofthefibrousyarn,VTT,Jyväskylä,Finland,(Salmela,J.Kiiskinen,H.Oksanen,A.),WO2012FI5087720120910,14.03.2013,18p.
1. Fibresuspensionwithrheologymodifiers2. Saltwater3. Gelyarn.
DWOC1ThomasWidmaier,Aalto
IndustrializedthroughDWOC1Spin-off(SpinnovaLtd.)
1 3
Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) for filaments (DWOC2gen2 technology)
DES-chemicals are • cheap and non-toxic • recyclable and reusable in the
process.
Cholinechloride Urea1:2moleraGo
302°C 133°C12°CMp.
11
• EutecGcmixturescomposedoftwoorthreecomponentswithalowermelGngpointthaneachoftheindividualcomponents
• Effectisconsequenceofhydrogenbondingbetweenthecomponents
• DEShavesimilarphysicochemicalqualiGescomparedtoionicliquids
• Non-volaGle,biodegradableanddonotreactwithwater.
Preparation of yarns from wood fibers
• DES does not dissolve cellulose but swells it
• Simpledry-jetwet-spinningapproachcanbeuGlizedtoachieveafilament
• Chemistryaffordswaterresistance.
Tenhunenetal.(2015)Bioresource Waterstableyarnfrombleachedpulpfibres
(Patentpending)
12
Waterfreepulp +DES=Spinnabledope
Dry-jetwet-
spinning
Dry-jetwet-spinning
CoagulaGon
Spinneret
OrientaGon
Dope
Filament properties
Tenacityandstrain• Currenttenacity~½ofviscosetenacity• Water-stabilityachievedwithsmallPAAaddiGon(DES)• ElongaGonatthesamelevelascoOon(DES)
Sample Tenacity(cN/tex)
Tensilestrength(MPa)
Elonga5on(maxstrain,%)
IonCellfilament 50 7-9FloworientedCNFfilaments 500 7WetspinnedCNF14tex 25 400 11CoOonyarn58tex 16 9Viscose20tex 15 16Fibreyarnfrompulp(twisted)35tex 9 80 4DESmodifiedpulpfilaments18tex 9 8
• 1tex=1g/km(suom.langanpituusmassanyksikkö)
• TenacitycN/tex(suom.lujuus)
• TensilestrengthMPa(suom.vetolujuus)
• Tenacitytakesintoaccountthedensityoftheyarn.Tensilestrengthdoesnot
Conclusions
• FiberyarnmanufacturingtechnologiesdevelopedinDWOC• FloworientaGon• Coaxialspinning• DES-assistedspinning
• CNF-basedfilamentsforhighperformanceapplicaGons• Successfulmanufactureofwoodfiberfilaments
Moreinforma5onavailableinourpostersandvideos
Recommended