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The Quebec Climate Monitoring Program

Onil Bergeron, analyst

Direction du suivi de l’état de l’environnement (DSEE)Ministère du Développement durable, de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques (MDDELCC)

WWOSC14 – August 17-21, 2014

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The Climate Monitoring Program

• Objective: timely production of climatological data to support governmental activities such as:– Population security– Sustainable development– Long-term climate knowledge

• Partners and collaborators– Weather forecast & Climate science– Agriculture– Natural resources– Research

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Network Coverage – Climate Stations

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Manned Stations

• Rural locations• 316 observers

– Temperature (0800, 1800, hourly)

– Precipitation (0800, 1800, hourly rain)

– Weather phenomena (hail, freezing rain, …)

• Twice daily data transmission• Technical team: Field work (7), QC (4)

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Automatic Stations

• Forested, remote or urban locations• 79 stations, hourly measurements

– Temperature (79) – Humidity (32)

– Precip. - weighing (49) – Wind (33)

– Precip. - TBRG (24) – Snow height (29)

• Hourly data transmission• Technical team: Field work (5), QC (3)

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Record Length – Active Climate Stations

316

79

210

69

208

58

203168

123

7938 24 18

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Years

AutomaticManned

Nu

mb

er

of

Sta

tio

ns

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Snow Survey Stations

• Rural or forested locations• 105 stations

– Snow depth

– Snow water equivalent

– Snow density

• Twice monthly, January to snowmelt• Technical team: Field work (12), QC (3)

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Quebec Climate Change Action Plans

• 2006-2012– Network consolidation and modernisation

– Historical data and metadata entry

– Climatological indices production

• 2013-2020– Larger network coverage: space & time

– New products

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Climatological product genesis

StationsAuto

StationsSCOUT

StationsRMCQ

SystèmeCIDT

SystèmeEC

Instrument(EC)

Poste(EC)

Station (EC)

Site(CL)

Def_Don(EC)

Inventaire(EC)

Observateur(CL)

Contrat(CL)

Paye(CL)

Donnéeset

Métadonnées(CL)

Normalisation (CIDT)

Chargement (CL)

Bornes(EC-CL)

Transformésélém+quot

(CL)

Validation intra quot

(CL)

ValidationInter quot

(CL)

Transformésmensuels

(CL)

Validationintra et inter

mens (CL)

Canal(EC)

Objectif(CL)

PRODUCTION DES DONNÉES CLIMATOLOGIQUES

DIRECTION DU SUIVI DE L'ÉTAT DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT - 2002-04-15

COLLECTE

GESTION DES DONNÉES ET MÉTADONNÉES

ARCHIVAGE EXPLOITATION/DIFFUSION

MESURE

ÉvénementsInterventions

PlanificationSuivi

StationsNIVO

Diffusion (CL)

Measurement

Transmission

QC Archive

Diffusion

Metadata

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Network Coverage – Climate Stations

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Historical Record

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

Years

Nu

mb

er

of

sta

tio

ns

Manned

Automatic

Total

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Online Data

http://www.mddelcc.gouv.qc.ca/climat/donnees/index.asp

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1981-2010 Climate Normals

http://www.mddelcc.gouv.qc.ca/climat/normales/index.asp

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1961-2010 Temperature trends

http://www.mddelcc.gouv.qc.ca/climat/tendances/index.asp

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Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification

1961-1970 2001-2010

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Gridded Data

Maximum Air Temperature - August 10, 2005

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Urban Climate – Short-term Campaigns

Mobile sporadic measurements

Fixed continuous measurements

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Urban Climate – Spatial Variability

Quebec City

July 11, 2012

Pop: 700 000

http://www.mddelcc.gouv.qc.ca/climat/surveillance/etudes/air-ambiant-quebec/sommaire.pdfhttp://www.mddelcc.gouv.qc.ca/climat/surveillance/Rapport_complet.pdf

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Urban Climate – Temporal Variability

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

Sai

nt-S

auve

urLi

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aint

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anie

rV

ieux

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erge

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Bea

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EC)

Cha

rny

Ste

-Foy

(U. L

aval

)

dT

ma

x (

ºC)

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

Vie

ux-Q

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aint

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hS

aint

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Lim

oilo

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-Sau

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Van

ier

Laire

t

Sai

nt-C

harle

s-G

arni

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eaup

ort-2

Sille

ryB

eaup

ort (

EC)

Dub

erge

rC

harn

yB

eaup

ort

Ste

-Foy

(U. L

aval

)

Anc

ienn

e-Lo

rette

-2

Par

c Le

s P

rimev

ères

Cha

rlesb

ourg

dT

min

(ºC

)

Quebec City

Summer 2012

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Urban Climate – Smaller Town

Granby

Summer 2013

Pop: 60 000

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Urban Climate – Compact Station

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Urban Climate – Active Compact Stations

Montreal Quebec City

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Contact Us

• Data & Climatological products• Climatological expertise• Collaborations & Partnerships• Special projects

info-climat@mddelcc.gouv.qc.ca