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Building a holistic capability model for

Lithuanian school heads professional

development: theoretical framework andempirical evidence

Author: dr. Julija Melnikova

Affiliation/organisation: Klaipeda University

Lithuania

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Changes in Lithuanian school heads professional role

1991 Start of

education reform1991 - 2012

Conception of

National school

School head

experiencedteacher and

administrator

2003 Second phase

of educationreform Educational

Act

School as services

providingorganisation

School head

manager of

school as

organisation

2011 Third phaseof education

reform The

newest

Educational Act

School aslearning

organisation

School headas a leader of

learning

community

Conception

of school

School

heads role

Period

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Competencies of Lithuanian school heads according to

Certification Standard (2007)

Understanding of education policy andskills of strategic planning;

managing educational process;

managing human resources; managing finance and property;

life-long learning;

managing of informational technologies;

managing of change.

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Capability approach to school heads professional

development

Knowledge

Skills, abilities

Competencies

Capabilities

Competence

Organizational capacity

Capability development

Training and professional

development

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Theoretical model of school heads holistic capability

Instructional competency - an ability to manage effectively theeducational process, design curricula, monitor academicachievements, etc.

Managerial competency - an ability to seek for overall school asorganization effectiveness, to ground management on modernmanagement principles such as quality management; humanresource management; learning organization management, etc.

Social competency - an ability to create and sustaincollaborative culture, mutual respect and understanding, tocreate a partnership with community.

Self-management competency an ability to use knowledge andresearch data to maximize overall performance of themselvesand their organizations.

Personal competency - an ability to analyze ones strongestand weakest traits is a precondition for the development of amature personality and successful self-realization.

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Emotional intelligence - highly developedpersonal and interpersonal skills based onthe ability to empathize with the perspective

of others. School heads have the capacity tointeract with people and work constructivelyin a team.

Critical thinking - helps school heads seethe core issues and anticipate difficulties incomplex technical and human situations.

Diagnostic skills - school heads accuratelyread the signs to figure out what is actuallygoing on in each new situation.

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Approaches employed in leadership preparation and

professional development programs

Study visits to quality schools

Networking

In-service

training

Mentorship

Coaching

Newly

appointed

principals

Action learning

Questions and answers

sessions with

experienced principalsRole-plays

Cohort groups

Case study analyses

360 degree assessmentProblem-based learning

Networking

Project-based learning

Job shadowing

Study visits to schools

Internship/Apprenticeship

Pre-service

preparation

Classroom-based

methods

Field-based methods

Experiential learning methods

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The organization of the empiric research

The qualitative research based on the Framework forindividual rethinking of competencies (Trotter, Ellison,Davies, 2001) allowed to reveal the relevantcompetencies for todays school heads. The data of

content analysis allowed to disclose the structure ofcompetencies, to reveal the necessary competenciesand to compare these competencies with thecompetencies, determined by legal documents oneducation in Lithuania.

During the research the school principals and deputyheads of III- I qualification categories werequestioned. The research involved 47 secondaryschool heads from 36 schools, located in different

districts of 10 counties of the Republic of Lithuania.After the answers were received the content analysishas been carried out.

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43%understanding and responding to challenges and changes

in education

57%using informational-communicational technologies36%Self-

managemen

t

competency

10%criticism11%versatile personality

16%tolerance

26%humanity

37%strong leadership36%Personal

competency

43%stimulating staff for professional growth and providing

opportunities for continuous competence development

57%continuous development in professional sphere57%Education

al

competency

applying decentralized management processes and

procedures

45%sustaining positive climate in organization

55%advocating, nurturing, and sustaining a school culture

conductive to student needs and staff professional growth

64%Social

competency

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Best competencies of Lithuanian school heads

40%becoming learning community

60%participating in professional development46%Educational

competency

35%monitoring school activity and using data for self-

analysis

65%managing resources48%Self-

management

competency

50%satisfying school community demands

50%creating collaboration culture54%Social

competency

45%school management and development

55%strategic planning76%Managerial

competency

15%project activity

25%satisfaction of students needs and demands

25%managing curriculum

35%managing teaching-learning process89%Instructional

competency

%Subcategory%Category

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Competencies necessary to be acquired by todays

school heads

44%managing time

56%PC skills43%Self-

management

competency

15%creating school image

20%managing change

29%managing information in school

36%skills of planning, organizing, leadership, control71%Managerial

competency

17%acting with integrity, fairness, and in an ethical manner

21%collaborating with families and community members,responding to diverse community interests and needs, and

mobilizing community resources

24%sustaining a collaborative culture in school community

38%sustaining positive climate in organization86%Social

competency

%Subcategory%Category

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Competencies that are not included into Certification

standards

designing school image

decision making

building positive relations

project management

distribution of responsibilities

building leaders teams86%Self-

management

competency

charisma

self-presentation

optimism

time management

oratory skills96%Personal

competency

SubcategoryCategory

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reflection

team learning28%Educational

competency

tolerance

managing emotions32%Emotionalintelligence

managing information

stating clear goals and priorities64%Managerial

competency

solving social problems

multicultural communication

flexible leadership

cooperation with parents

creation of cooperation culture

designing motivation system

conflict management82%Social

competency

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Competencies that are developed by means of various

seminars and courses

16%Managing conflicts in organization

22%English language skills

62%correspondence skills42%Social

competency

42%ways of information analysis

58%managing informational-communicational

technologies

57%Self-

managementcompetency

10%human resource management

23%managing of quality

18%organizational behaviour

23%managing finance

26%strategic planning93%Managerial

competency

14%market analysis skills

34%skills of analysis of education policy

53%managing of educational process93%Instructional

competency

%Subcategory%Category

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Competencies development opportunities in Lithuania

Self-education (93%);

Various seminars and courses (86%);

University programmes (57%);

Practice and experience (36%);

Cooperation with colleagues (21%).

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Thank you for your attention!