Bdpd lzk¥ (A.k.) u Tuepfs...5 Ap kp„cmu_¡ Aklpb¡ L$üy„ : Myv$p_u L$kd ! A¡ dpZk_u lpgs L¡$hu Mfpb A_¡ bfbpv$ R>¡. lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A¡ afdpìey : ""iy„ lz„

1

Bdpd lzk¥_(A.k.)

_u Tuepfs

1. Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u rTepfs_u cìesp

A_¡ ApM¡fs_p v$fˆ>pAp¡ ................................. 3

2. TpA¡f¡ lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) Tuepfs_p

Bfpv$p\u hs_ `pR>p afhp ky u ..................... 24

3. lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs_u ifsp¡ .. 36

4. MpL¡$ iap .................................................. 49

4

lp¡e A_¡ s¡_p¡ k„ |Z® fus¡ [õhL$pf L$fsp¡ lp¡e. Äepf¡ Myv$pA¡ L$epds_uhpf„hpf QQp® L$fu R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p Aphhp_u MpÓu Apù R>¡ sp¡ L$epds_p¡BÞL$pf lL$uL$sdp„ Myv$p_u hps_p¡ BÞL$pf R>¡. Myv$p_u hps_p¡ BÞL$pfL$fhp_p¡ A\® S> A¡ R>¡ L¡$ sp¥rlv$ k„ |Z® _\u. s¡hu S> fus¡ Äepf¡Myv$p _buAp¡_¡ p¡sp_p ârsr_r^ b_phu_¡ gp¡L$p¡_u rlv$pes dpV¡$ dp¡L$g¡A_¡ s¡Ap¡_u kÃQpB_u v$gugp¡ `Z s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ dp¡L$g¡ A_¡ _buAp¡¡`p¡sp_u _byìhs_u kprbsu dpV¡$ Ål¡fdp„ _d|_pAp¡ fS|> L$f¡. A_¡kprbs L$fu Ap ¡ L¡$ s¡ Myv$p sfa\u dp¡L$gpA¡gp R>¡, sp¡ Ap k„Å¡Np¡dp„_byìhs_p¡ [õhL$pf _ L$fhp¡, s¡ iy„ Myv$p_p L$p¥g_¡ Sy>W$gphhp _luL$l¡hpe ?

Å¡ L$p¡B dpZk _bu_u _byìhs D`f k„`|Z® Bdp_ ^fph¡ A_¡s¡_p L$p¡g_¡ Myv$p_p¡ L$p¡g A_¡ s¡_p lzL$d_¡ Myv$p_p¡ lzL$d NZ¡ R>¡,sp¡ `R>u s¡ k„Å¡Np¡dp„ _buA¡ L$fud (k.A.h.) A¡ r_d¡gDÑfpr^L$pfu_p¡, hpfkv$pf_p¡ [õhL$pf _ L$fhp¡ s¡ iy„ Myv$p A_¡ s¡_pfkyg_¡ Sy>W$gphhp S>¡hy„ _\u ? iy„ Ap k„Å¡Np¡dp„ _byìhs_p¡ AL$uv$p¡k„ |Z® NZu iL$pi¡ ?

V|„$L$dp„ A¡ L¡$ sp¥rlv$ L$epds kp\¡ Å¡X$pA¡gp R>¡, sp¥rlv$ A_¡L$epds _byìhs kp\¡ Å¡X$pA¡gp R>¡, sp¥rlv$, L$epds A_¡ _byìhs- Bdpds A_¡ Avpgs kp\¡ Å¡X$pA¡gp R>¡. Å¡ L$p¡B Bdpdsdp„ _\udp_sp¡, sp¡ _ sp¡ s¡_u sp¥rlv$ `|Z® R>¡ _ L$epds D`f_y„ Bdp_k„`|Z® R>¡, _ sp¡ _byìhs D`f_p¡ AL$uv$p¡ bpL$u fl¡ R>¡. Ap b^pAL$uv$pAp¡ D`f yf¡ yfy„ eL$u_ fpMhy„ S>fyfu R>¡.

A¡L$ hMs lTs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A¡ TL$ps_u aTugsbep_ L$fsp afdpìey„ :

""Å¡ L$p¡B TL$ps Av$p _ L$f¡ sp¡ s¡Z¡ _dpT_p lzL$d_p¡ Adg_\u L$ep£. _dpT s¡_¡ `pR>u Apù v¡$hpdp„ Aphi¡ A_¡ A¡hu fus¡g`¡V$u v¡$hpdp„ Aphi¡ S>¡hu fus¡ Sy>_y„ L$`Xy„$ g`¡V$u v¡$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.s¡ _dpT s¡_p dp¡Y$p D`f dpfhpdp„ Aphi¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Aphi¡:A¡ Myv$p_p b„v$p ! TL$ps hNf sd¡ _dpT\u iy„ Qplp¡ R>p¡ ?''

2 3

Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u rTepfs_u

cìesp A_¡ ApM¡fs_p v$fˆ>pAp¡

Ag dyÞsTf_p dp¡lf®d A„L$ rl.k_ 1422 dp„ ""Bdpd lzke_(A.k.) _p Tìhpf - Tuepfs_p Bfpv$p\u hs_ `pR>p afhp ky u''_p rij®L$ l¡W$m AdyL$ bpbsp¡ Ap`_u k¡hpdp„ fS|> L$fu Q|¼ep R>uA¡.Ap ¾$d_¡ ApNm h^pfsp A¡ bpbs âÐe¡ Bipfp¡ L$fiy„ L¡$ L$epds_pd¡v$p_dp„ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f_pfpAp¡_p¡ v$fˆ>p¡ L¡$hp¡li¡. i¼e R>¡ L¡$ AdyL$ gp¡L$p¡_p d_dp„ A¡ rhQpf Aph¡ L¡$ A¡ L¡$hufus¡ b_u iL¡$ L¡$ \p¡X$u nZp¡_u Tuepfs A_¡ s¡_u ANrZs Akfp¡?$

Ap rhQpf A¡V$gp dpV¡$ Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap`Z¡ v$f¡L$ bpbs_¡ dpÓcp¥rsL$ Örô$\u Å¡hp dpV¡$ V¡$hpB Nep R>uA¡. Å¡ rhÓ v$u_¡ Bõgpd_prinZ_¡ _S>f_u kpd¡ fpMuA¡ sp¡ qv$gdp„ ¼epf¡ `Z Aphp¡ khpg`¡v$p _rl \pe.

Bõgpd_u dpÞespAp¡ A¡L$buÅ kp\¡ kp„L$m_u S>¡d Å¡X$pA¡guR>¡. A\p®s : A¡L$ dpÞesp Ðepf¡ S> dy[¼s_y„ L$pfZ b_u iL¡$ Äepf¡buÆ dpÞesp s¡_u kp\¡ lp¡e. shluv$_u dpÞesp Ðepf¡S> gpcv$peL$kprbs \pe Äepf¡ s¡_u kp\¡ L$epds_u dpÞesp Z lp¡e. L$epds_udpÞesp Ðepf¡ dy[¼s_y„ L$pfZ b_i¡ Äepf¡ _byìhs_u dpÞesp s¡_ukp\¡ lp¡e. _byìhs_u dpÞesp A¡ kde¡ Nydfplu\u dy[¼s A`phi¡Äepf¡ Bdpds_p¡ AL$uv$p¡ s¡_u kp\¡ lp¡e. Bdpds_u kp\¡ A‰pl_pÞepe_p¡ AL$uv$p¡ lp¡hp¡ S>fyfu R>¡.

Å¡ L$p¡B A¡d rhQpf¡ L¡$ sp¥rlv$_p AL$uv$p_¡ `qf |Z® L$fhp dpV¡$bpL$u_p AL$uv$pAp¡ S>fyfu _\u, s¡\u Å¡ L$p¡B dpZk k„ |Z® fus¡A‰pl_p¡ A¡L$ lp¡hp_p¡ AL$uv$p¡ ^fphsp¡ lp¡e A_¡ L$epds A_¡ _byìhsD`f AL$uv$p¡ _ ^fphsp¡ lp¡e A_¡ A¡d dp_sp¡ lp¡e L¡$ s¡d L$fhpdp„L$p¡B _yL$kp_ _\u, sp¡ Ap rhQpf sØ_ Mp¡V$p¡ R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ sp¥rlv$_pAL$uv$p dpV¡$ S>fyfu A¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡ Myv$p_u bû bpbsp¡ D`f eL$u_ ^fphsp¡

5

Ap kp„cmu_¡ Aklpb¡ L$üy„ : Myv$p_u L$kd ! A¡ dpZk_u lpgsL¡$hu Mfpb A_¡ bfbpv$ R>¡.

lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A¡ afdpìey :""iy„ lz„ s¡_p\u `Z h^y Mfpb A_¡ bfbpv$ dpZk rhi¡ L$lz„?''Aõlpb¡ AfS> L$fu : A¡ A‰pl_p fkyg ! bep_ afdphp¡.Ap„ lTfs (k.A.h.) A¡ afdpìey„ :""A¡L$ dpZk¡ S>¡lpv$dp„ cpN gu^p¡ A_¡ iyfhufsp\u gX$sp gX$sp

dfZ `pçep¡. lzfp¡_¡ s¡_u ilpv$s_u Mbf dmu. S>ßs_p v$fhp_p¡A¡s¡_u fyl_p Aphhp_u Mbf kp„cmu. S>du__p aqfíspAp¡_¡ lzfp¡_pDsfhp_u A_¡ S>ßs_p v$fhp_p¡_p Aphhp_u Mbf Apù v¡$hpdp„Aphu. s¡d R>sp„ s¡dp„_y„ L$p¡B `Z _ Apìey„. s¡ df_pf_u ApSy>bpSy>_pS>du__p aqfíspAp¡A¡ L$üy„ : iy„ \ey„ ? lSy> ky u lzfp¡ _ Aphu ?S>ßs_p v$fhp_ `Z _ Apìep ? kpsdp Apkdp__u JQpBA¡\uAhpS> Apìep¡ : A¡ aqfíspAp¡ ! Apkdp__u JQpB D`f S|>Ap¡.aqfíspAp¡A¡ _S>f DW$phu_¡ Apkdp__u sfa Å¡ey„. s¡ dpZk_pAL$uv$pAp¡, sp¥rlv$, fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) D`f Bdp_, _dpT,TL$ps, kv$L$pAp¡ A_¡ b^p _¡L$ Apdpgp¡ Apkdp__u _uQ¡ fp¡L$ufpMhpdp„ Apìep lsp. b^p Apkdp_p¡ A¡L$ cìe L$pagp_u S>¡dcf¡gp lsp. `|h®, `ròd, DÑf, v$rnZ v$f¡L$ bpSy>A¡ dgpA¡L$p S>dgpA¡L$p R>¡. s¡ b„v$p_p Apdpg_¡ gph_pfp aqfíspAp¡ L$lu füpR>¡ L¡$ Apkdp__p v$fhpÅ L¡$d _\u Mp¡gsp, S>¡\u Ad¡ Ap iluv$_pApdpg_¡ gB_¡ lpS>f \BA¡. Myv$p lzL$d Ap ¡ R>¡ A_¡ v$fhpÅ MyguÅe R>¡. `R>u A¡L$ AhpS> Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ A¡ aqfíspAp¡, Å¡ sd¡ v$pMg\B iL$sp lp¡ sp¡ S>fyf v$pMg \ph. `f„sy Ap aqfíspAp¡ Apdpg_¡D`pX$u S> _\u iL$sp.

aqfíspAp¡ AfS> L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ad¡ Ap Apdpg D`pX$hp_u i[¼s_\u ^fphsp. Myv$p_p sfa\u AhpS> Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ A¡ aqfíspAp¡,sd¡ Ap Apdpg_¡ D`pX$u D`f _\u gphu iL$sp. Ap Apdpg_¡ D`fgB S>hp dpV¡$ hkugp¡ A_¡ khpfu Å¡BA¡. S>¡\u Ap Apdpg Apkdp_

8

Aphp¡ ! A¡ Å¡BA¡ L¡$ L$epds A_¡ s¡_u `R>u_p âk„Np¡dp„ Bdpdlzk¥_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f_pfpAp¡_p L¡$hp L¡$hp v$fˆ>pAp¡ li¡ ? A¡hps `Z Ýep_dp„ fl¡ L¡$ qfhpesp¡dp„ S>¡ L$p„B `Z bep_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey„R>¡ s¡ dpÓ Ap`Zu A½$g, kdS>i[¼s A_¡ N°lZ i[¼s dyS>b R>¡._rl sp¡ lL$uL$sdp„ Tìhpf_p kpQp v$fˆ>pAp¡ sp¡ Myv$p A_¡ fkyg S> b¡lsfÅZ¡ R>¡.

Ap _p_u A¡hu âõsph_p `R>u Aphp¡, Ap`Z¡ Å¡BA¡ L¡$ Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f_pfp_u L$epds_p d¡v$p_dp„ iy„ ip_p¡ip¥L$s li¡. Ap lL$uL$s dpÓ A¡S> dlp_ycphp¡ bsphu iL¡$ S>¡_uÖrô$ vy$r_ep A_¡ ApM¡fs D`f kfMu lp¡e. L$epds_p Öóep¡ s¡Ap¡_ukpd¡ A¡hu fus¡ õ`ô$ R>¡ S>¡hu fus¡ kpd¡ b¡k¡gp¡ dpZk. ANpD_pg¡Mdp„ Ap bpbs D`f sp¡ Bipfp¡ L$fu Q|¼ep R>uA¡ L¡$ Tìhpf_y„kÞdp_ A_¡ b¿iui_p¡ rkgrkgp¡ sp¡ Ðepf\u S> ify \B Åe R>¡Äepf¡ BÞkp_ Tuepfs_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡. kpdpÞe fus¡ A¡hy„ b_¡ R>¡L¡$ gp¡L$p¡ A¡L$ hMs_u dygpL$ps_¡ h^pf¡ epv$ _\u fpMsp. s¡dS> v$f¡L$hMs¡ s¡_y„ Ýep_ A_¡ dp_ _\u fpMsp. `f„sy Ap `rhÓ Alg¡bes(A.k.) _u b¿iui_u ip_ A_¡ Nygpd _hpTu R>¡ L¡$ S>¡Z¡ A¡L$hMs s¡d_u Tuepfs L$fu A_¡ A¡L$ hMs dAf¡as_u kp\¡ s¡d_udygpL$ps dpV¡$ Nep s¡_¡ s¡Ap¡ Æv„$Nu_p v$f¡L$ âk„N¡ _ dpÓ epv$ fpM¡R>¡ `f„sy s¡_u dyíL¡$guAp¡ lg L$fsp fl¡ R>¡.

kL$fps A_¡ ê$l L$åT \hpdp„ Apkp_u :A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ Äepf¡ ifufdp„\u fyl _uL$m¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ qf[õ\rs

OZu k¿s lp¡e R>¡. A¡hy„ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ L$p„V$pmp TpX$ D`f\u f¡iduL$`Xy„$ M¢Qhpdp„ Aph¡ A_¡ s¡_p v$f¡L$ spf Sy>v$p Sy>v$p \B Åe. A¡L$sfa fyl L$åT \hp_u dyíL¡$guAp¡ A_¡ buÆ sfa kNp k„b„ûAp¡A_¡ v$p¡õs rbfpv$fp¡\u Sy>v$pB. `f„sy Tìhpf_u Ap bû d„Tugp¡dAkyd Bdpdp¡ (A.k.) _u bfL$s\u Apkp_ \B Åe R>¡.

S>¡ dpZk dp¡s_u kL$fps A_¡ L$epds_p v$v®$_pL$ Öóep¡\u dy[¼sd¡mhhp Qpl¡ R>¡ A_¡ Qpl¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap bû d„Tugp¡ s¡_p dpV¡$ Apkp_

6

kyû `lp¢Q¡ A_¡ S>ßsdp„ S>Áep d¡mh¡. aqfíspAp¡ AfS> L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$A¡ Adpfp `fhfqv$Npf ! s¡ khpfu iy„ R>¡ ? Myv$p afdph¡ R>¡ L¡$A¡ aqfíspAp¡ ! sd¡ iy„ D`pX$u_¡ gpìep R>p¡ ?

s¡Ap¡ AfS> L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ spfu sp¥rlv$, spfp _bu D`f Bdp_.Myv$p afdph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap QuÅ¡_u khpfu dpfp _bu_p cpB Agu

(A.k.) _u rhgpes A_¡ `rhÓ Bdpdp¡_u rhgpes R>¡. s¡ khpfuAp Apdpgp¡_¡ S>ßs kyû `lp¢QpX$i¡.

aqfíspAp¡ Ap Apdpg_¡ S|>A¡ R>¡, `f„sy s¡dp„ Agu (A.k.)A_¡ s¡d_u `pL$uTp Ahgpv$_u rhgpes v¡$Mpsu _\u. A_¡ _ s¡Ap¡_pvy$íd_p¡ kp\¡ vy$íd_u v¡$Mpe R>¡. Myv$p s¡ Apdpg gph_pfp aqfíspAp¡_¡L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap Apdpg_¡ Al]\u gB ÅAp¡. A_¡ dpfp dgpA¡L$p_pL¡$ÞÖp¡dp„ S>dp L$fphu v$p¡ S>¡ s¡_¡ gpeL$ R>¡ s¡ s¡_¡ gB S>i¡ A_¡ Äep„_plL$v$pf R>¡ Ðep„ fpMu v¡$i¡.

Ap aqfíspAp¡ s¡ Apdpgp¡_¡ s¡_¡ gNsp L¡$ÞÖp¡ kyû `lp¢QpX$uv¡$ R>¡. `R>u Myv$p_p¡ AhpS> Aph¡ R>¡ A¡ S>lßd_u ApN_u S>hpmpAp¡Ap Apdpg_¡ gB gp¡ A_¡ S>lßddp„ _pMu v$p¡. A¡V$gp dpV¡$ L¡$ ApApdpg L$f_pf s¡ Apdpg_u khpfu Agu (A.k.) A_¡ s¡d_u`pL$uTp Ahgpv (A.k.) $_u rhgpes A_¡ dp¡låbs gB_¡ _\uApìep¡. aqfíspAp¡ s¡ Apdpg_¡ gB_¡ S>i¡. A¡ S> Apdpg s¡ dpZkdpV¡$ bgp A_¡ dykubs b_u S>i¡. A¡V$gp dpV¡$ L¡$ Ap dpZk lTfsAgu (A.k.) A_¡ s¡d_u `pL$uTp Ahgpv$ (A.k.) _u dp¡låbsA_¡ rhgpes_¡ gB_¡ _\u Apìep¡.

`R>u s¡ Apdpg lTfs Agu (A.k.) _p rhfp¡û A_¡ s¡d_pvy$íd_p¡ kp\¡ v$p¡õsu_¡ AhpS> Apì¡. Myv$p L$pNX$p A_¡ Qug S>¡hpL$pmp Ql¡fp_¡ s¡_p D`f Y$p„L$u v¡$i¡. s¡ L$pmp Ql¡fp_p dp¡Ypdp„\u ApN_uL$mi¡. s¡_p b^p Apdpg bfbpv$ \B S>i¡. lTfs Agu (A.k.)_p vy$íd_p¡ kp\¡ v$p¡õsu A_¡ lTfs Agu (A.k.) _u rhgpes_p¡BÞL$pf bpL$u flu S>i¡, S>¡ s¡_¡ S>lßd_u kp¥\u Mfpb S>Áep D`f`lp¢QpX$u v¡$i¡. s¡_p b^p Apdpg bfbpv$ \B S>i¡ A_¡ s¡_p Ny_pl

7

OZp h^pf¡ li¡. Ap A¡ i¿k R>¡ S>¡_u lpgs TL$ps _ Ap`hphpmp\uh^pf¡ Mfpb A_¡ bfbpv$ R>¡.''

(sakuf¡ Bdpd¡ lk_ AõL$fu (A.k.) `p. 76-79, dyõsv$fLy$g hkpA¡g cpN

: 1, l. 40, `p. 163)

Ap âL$pf_u Ak„¿e qfhpesp¡ R>¡. S>¡_p D`f\u kdÆ iL$peR>¡ L¡$ `rhÓ Alg¡bes Agel¡dyõkgpd_u rhgpes$, Bdpds,dp¡låbs A_¡ s¡Ap¡_p vy$íd_p¡ kp\¡ _afs_u rkhpe L$p¡B`Z AL$uv$p¡A_¡ L$p¡B`Z Adg A‰pl_u bpfNpldp„ L$byg _rl \pe. ApâL$pf_p gp¡L$p¡_y„ õ\p_ S>ßs_u bv$g¡ S>lßd li¡.

dAkyd Bdpdp¡ A_¡ Mpk L$fu_¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _uTuepfs Ap rhgpes A_¡ dp¡låbs_u Adgu Ål¡fps R>¡. L$pfZL¡$ b^p Adg_p¡ sdpd Ap^pf rhgpes A_¡ dp¡låbs D`f R>¡.Ap Tuepfsp¡, rhgpes A_¡ dp¡låbs_¡ dS>bysu A_¡ AX$Nsp Ap`¡R>¡. s¡\u rTepfs Tìhpf A_¡ Bdpd_u hÃQ¡ A¡L$ qv$gu k„`L®$ L$pedL$f¡ R>¡. s¡\u Tuepfs iåv$ Ap qv$g_p k„b„^_u Ål¡fps R>¡.Tuepfs_p iåv$p¡ A¡ Ål¡f L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap k„b„ dpÓ gpNZu_p¡ k„b„_\u. Ap k„b„^ dAf¡as_p¡ `Z k„b„^ R>¡. A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Ap k„b„^ s¡`rhÓ ìe[¼s dpV¡$ R>¡ S>¡_¡ Myv$pA¡ `p¡sp_p ârsr_û b_pìep lspA_¡ kdN° S>Ns_¡ S>¡_u spb¡v$pfu_p¡ lzL$d Apàep¡ lsp¡. BÞkp_rkhpe vy$r_ep_p¡ A¡L$ A¡L$ A„i s¡_p¡ spb¡v$pf lsp¡. `f„sy ÅgudA_¡ Ålug BÞkp_¡ s¡d_¡ A¡ fus¡ L$Ðg L$ep® S>¡ fus¡ Å_hfp¡_¡ `ZL$Ðg L$fhpdp„ _\u Aphsp.

Ap Tyëd vy$r_epdp„ Myv$p_p ârsr_r^ D`f Tyëd R>¡. S>¡ Mf¡Mfsp¡ Myv$p `f Tyëd R>¡. dTgyd_u rTepfsdp„ r_Mpgk ldv$v$} A_¡Tpgud\u Ål¡fdp„ _afs A_¡ v|$fu R>¡.

Tuepfs, Bdpd rkhpe s¡d_p v$u_ s¡d_p sfuL$p A_¡ s¡d_pA¿gpL$ kp\¡ ku^p¡ k„b„^ ^fph¡ R>¡. Ap Tuepfs Bdpd_p vy$íd_p¡,vy$íd_p¡_p b^p AL$uv$pAp¡, rkÝ^p„sp¡, Apdpg A_¡ A¿gpL$\u v|$fuR>¡.

9

\B Åe sp¡ s¡Z¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs h^ydp„ h^yhMs L$fhu Å¡BA¡. L$pfZ L¡$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u TuepfslTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) _u Tuepfs R>¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p_p _„. : 150, b¡lpf cpN : 101 `p_p _„. :77)

S>_pb¡ Tlfp kgpdy‰pl¡ Agelp sifua gph¡ R>¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _u qfhpes R>¡.lTfs aps¡dp rbÞs¡ dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) s¡d_p afTÞv$ lzke_

(A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f_pfp_u `pk¡ sifua gB Åe R>¡ A_¡s¡Ap¡_p dpV¡$ dNa¡fs_u v$p¡Ap L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡Ap¡_p Ny_plp¡_¡ dpaL$fphu v¡$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps `p_p _„. :118)

s¡ lTfps S>¡Ap¡_p Of_u Muv$ds_p dpV¡$ dgpA¡L$pAp¡ aÀ L$f¡R>¡, s¡ lTfsp¡ Tìhpf_u dygpL$ps¡ Aph¡ A_¡ s¡d_p dpV¡$ dNa¡fs_uv$p¡Ap L$f¡ ! Mf¡Mf L¡$V$gu dlp_ Myi_kubu R>¡ !

Bdpd lzke_ Agerlõkgpd sifua gph¡ R>¡ :Agu rb_ dp¡lçdv$_y„ bep_ R>¡ L¡$ lz„ v$f drl_¡ Bdpd lzke_

(A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$fsp¡ lsp¡. `R>u dpfu Ddf \B NB. _bmpBAphu NB. A¡L$ hMs A¡hy„ bÞey„ L¡$ Tuepfs dpV¡$ _ S>B i¼ep¡.`R>u A¡L$ hMs N¡ Qpgu_¡ Tuepfs dpV¡$ fhp_p \ep¡. \p¡X$p„ qv$hkp¡dp„`lp¢Ãep¡. Tuepfs_u _dpT `Y$ép¡ A_¡ k|B Nep¡. õhà_pdp„ lTfsBdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _¡ Å¡ep. Ap` L$b°_u blpf sifua gpìepR>¡ A_¡ d_¡ afdpìey„ L¡$ sd¡ dpfu kp\¡ ApV$gp¡ AÞepe L¡$d L$ep£sd¡ sp¡ dpfp dpV¡$ _¡L$ lsp? AfS> L$fu, dhgp, lh¡ _bmp¡ A_¡h©Ý^ \B Nep¡ Ry>„. Ap`_u Muv$dsdp„ lpS>f \ep¡ Ry>„. Ap`\u qfhpes_L$g \B R>¡ A¡ qfhpes Ap`_u `rhÓ Æc\u kp„cmhp Qplz„ Ry>„.Bdpd¡ (A.k.) afdpìey„ : bep_ L$fp¡. s¡Z¡ L$üy„ :

Ap`_p sfa\u Ap qfhpes _L$g \B R>¡. ""S>¡Z¡ `p¡sp_uÆ„v$Nudp„ dpfu Tuepfs L$fu s¡_p d©Ðey R>u lz„ s¡_u Tuepfs L$fui.''

12

L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. s¡Ap¡_p fyApb A_¡ ce_p L$pfZ¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ dyÞL$ufA_¡ _L$uf L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

L$epds_y„ d¡v$p_ Tìhpf_p _yf\u âL$pris \B S>i¡ :D`fp¡¼s qfhpesdp„ A¡ `Z R>¡ L¡$ L$epds_p d¡v$p_dp„ Bdpd

lzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpf L¡$hp _yfp_u li¡. s¡_p _yf\u |h® A_¡`ròd âL$pris \B S>i¡. `|h® A_¡ `ròd âL$pris \i¡, A¡V$gy„ S>_rl bëL¡$ L$epds_p d¡v$p_dp„ A¡L$ Mpk dgpA¡L$p s¡_u Ap¡mM `ZL$fphi¡ A_¡ Tìhpf_u A¡ ip_ li¡ L¡$ v$f¡L$ dpZk A¡ sdßp L$fi¡L¡$ L¡$hy„ kpfy„ \s¡ Å¡ d_¡ `Z Tuepfs_p¡ ifa dms¡. L¡$d _ lp¡e !S>_pb¡ Å¡__¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u v$p¡Ap\u A¡ _yf A_¡Myíby dmu S>¡_p\u ApMy„ d¡v$p_ âL$pris A_¡ kyN„r^s \B Ney„.Ap b^y„ A¡ dpV¡$ L¡$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) Myv$p_p _yf\u R>¡. _yf_y„L¡$ÞÖ R>¡ S>¡ s¡_u kp\¡ cmu Åe s¡ _yfp_u \B Åe.

g¡hpDg lçv_p R>pepdp„ li¡ :Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd¡ dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) A_¡ Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$

(A.k.) _¡ Ak„¿e dfsbpAp¡ A_¡ v$fˆ>pAp¡ Apàep R>¡, s¡dp„_p¡A¡L$ M|bS> dlÐh_p¡ A_¡ cìe ""g¡hpDg lçv$'' R>¡. Ap A¡hp¡ ÝhS>R>¡ S>¡_p 70 `X$ R>¡ A_¡ A¡L$ `X$_u rhipmsp Qp„v$ A_¡ k|fS>\uh^y R>¡. Ap ÝhS> Myv$p_u sfa\u lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)_¡ Ap`hpdp„ Aphi¡ A_¡ Ap„ lTfs s¡_p Agdv$pf lTfs Agubu_ Abu spgub (A.k.) _¡ Apì¡. `l¡gp\u R>¡‰p kyû b^p_buAp¡ A_¡ hkuAp¡ Ap ÝhS>_p R>p„eX$pdp„ li¡.

(l½y$g eL$u_ - A‰pdp dS>guku `p. 450)

lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _u qfhpes R>¡.L$epdsdp„ A¡L$ bp„Nu bp„N `p¡L$pfi¡. Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)

_p Tìhpf ¼ep„ R>¡ ? A¡V$gp gp¡L$p¡ ApNm Aphi¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ Myv$p rkhpebuSy>„ L$p¡B NZu _rl iL$¡. s¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ `|R>hpdp„ Aphi¡.

Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u L$b°_u Tuepfs\u sd¡ iy„ BÃR>p¡R>p¡ ?

10

Ap`¡ afdpìey„ : ""lp... Å¡ s¡ S>lßddp„ li¡ sp¡ lz„ s¡_¡ Ðep„\ublpf L$pY$ui.''

(b¡lpfyg AÞhpf cpN : 101 `p_p _„. :16)

byTyN® Apgudp¡A¡ A¡_p k„v$c®dp„ afdpìey„ : b_hpÅ¡N R>¡ L¡$Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _y„ Ap fus¡ Aphhy„ d©Ðey_p kde¡ lp¡e A\hpL$b°dp„ v$a_ L$fhp_p kde¡ lp¡e.

L$b°dp„ BÞkp_ A¡L$gp¡ li¡. Aklpe li¡. ÅsÅs_p ce_uaX$L$ li¡. b¡Q¡_u A_¡ NcfpV$_u [õ\rs li¡. L$p¡B dygpL$ps¡ Aph_pf_rl lp¡e. Å¡ L$p¡B Aphi¡ sp¡ `Z blpf\u v|$f\u Tuepfs L$fi¡A_¡ aps¡lp `Y$i¡. kp¥\u h^y hlpgpdp„ hlpgu ìe[¼s `Z L$b°dp„s¡_p¡ kp\ _rl Ap`¡. `f„sy S>¡Z¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u TuepfsL$fu li¡, lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) s¡_u Tuepfs dpV¡$ sifuagphi¡. Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _p Apìep `R>u L$p¡B NcfpV$ L¡$b¡Q¡_u bpL$u fl¡i¡ _rl. Äepf¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) `p¡sp_pTìhpf_¡ afdphi¡, ""Aõkgpdp¡ AgeL$'' sp¡ L$B sL$gua lp¡e S>¡v|$f _ \pe ? A_¡ L$B fpls lp¡e S>¡ _kub _ \pe ?

Ap Myi_kubu `R>u `Z A¡hy„ L$p¡Z R>¡ S>¡ Bdpd lzke_(A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$fhpdp„ S>fpe rhg„b L$f¡?

auipf¡ L$b° (L$b°_u c]k) dp„\u dy[¼s _kub \pe R>¡:Å¡ Ap`Z_¡ L$p¡B Q|„V$u cf¡ A\hp Ap`Zp¡ lp\ A\hp A¡L$

Ap„Nmu v$fhpÅdp„ v$bpB Åe sp¡ L¡$V$gp¡ vy$:Mphp¡ \pe R>¡. A_¡ s¡_uAkf ¼ep„ ky u fl¡ R>¡. L$b°_u c]k A¡V$g¡ L$b°_u bß¡ qv$hpgp¡Ap`kdp„ dmu S>hu. Äepf¡ bß¡ qv$hpgp¡ Ap`kdp„ A¡L$buÅ_¡ dmuS>i¡ Ðepf¡ hÃQ¡ fl¡gp dèes_u lpgs L¡$hu \i¡ ? Ap`Z¡ kp¥A¡A¡L$ qv$hk dfhp_y„ R>¡ A_¡ L$b°dp„ S>hp_y„ R>¡. Å¡ Ap c]k Ap`Z_¡\B A_¡ ^pfu gp¡ L¡$ Ap dèes Ap`Z¡ `p¡s¡S> R>uA¡ sp¡ L$b°_u c]kL¡$V$gu v$v®$_pL$ li¡, Äepf¡ `p„kmuAp¡ A¡L$buÅdp„ M|„Qu S>i¡. ApL$ë`_p dpÓ\u ê$hpX$p„ Dcp \B Åe R>¡. Mf¡Mfu ùX$p_y„ sp¡ iy„ L$l¡hy„?lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs Al] `Z dyíL¡$gu_¡ v|$f

11

L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$b°_u c]k\u dy[¼s d¡mhhp_y„ L$pfZ b_¡ R>¡.lTfs dp¡lçdv$ bpL$uf (A.k.) _u fuhpes R>¡ :""Å¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ ÅZ \B Åe L¡$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u `rhÓ

L$b°_u Tuepfs_p¡ iy„ khpb R>¡ sp¡ s¡_p ip¡Mdp„, s¡_u ¿hpluidp„gp¡L$p¡_p ðpk ê„$^pB Åe.''

fphuA¡ `|Rey„ : L¡$V$gp¡ khpb R>¡ ? Ap`¡ (A.k.) afdpìey„:S>¡ ip¡M\u Tuepfs dpV¡$ S>i¡, Myv$p s¡_¡ A¡L$ lÅf L$byg \A¡g

lS>, A¡L$ lÅf _¡L$ Ddfp, bv$f_p iluv$p¡ S>¡hp A¡L$ lÅf iluv$p¡_p¡khpb, A¡L$ lÅf fp¡T¡v$pfp¡_p¡ khpb, A¡L$ lÅf L$byg \A¡gpkv$L$p_p¡ khpb, Myv$p_u Myiu Mpsf A¡L$ lÅf Nygpd ApTpv$L$fhp_p¡ khpb dmi¡. s¡ A¡L$ hfk kyû Apasp¡\u kyfrns fl¡i¡.S>¡dp„ kp¥\u lëL$u Apas iesp_ R>¡. Myv$p s¡_p dpV¡$ A¡L$ dp¡lsfdaqfísp_u r_dÏL$ L$fi¡. S>¡ ApNm `pR>m X$pb¡ S>dZ¡ D`f-_uQ¡s¡_y„ fnZ L$fi¡. Å¡ s¡ hfk¡ s¡ d©Ðey `pd¡ sp¡ fl¡ds_p aqfíspAp¡s¡_p Nyõg A_¡ L$a_dp„ lpS>f \pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p dpV¡$ BõsuÁapfL$f¡ R>¡. s¡_u L$b°dp„ v$a_ \hp kyû s¡_p dpV¡$ dpau dpN¡ R>¡ A_¡S>_pTp_u kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡. _S>f `lp¢Q¡ Ðep„ ky u s¡_u L$b° rhipmA_¡ `lp¡mu \B Åe R>¡. Myv$p "L$b°_u c]k' \u s¡_y„ fnZ L$f¡R>¡. dyÞL$f A_¡ _L$uf s¡_p dpV¡$ ce A_¡ Mp¥a_y„ L$pfZ _\u b_sp.s¡_p dpV¡$ S>ßs kyû A¡L$ v$fhpÅ¡ Mp¡gu _pMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. s¡_y„Apdpg_pdy„ s¡_p S>dZp lp\dp„ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. L$epdsdp„ s¡_¡A¡L$ A¡hy„ _yf Ap`hpdp„ Aphi¡ S>¡_p\u `|h® A_¡ `ròd âL$pris\B S>i¡ A_¡ A¡L$ bp„Nu bp„N `p¡L$pfi¡ : Ap R>¡ ip¡M\u Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f_pf Tìhpf. s¡ kde¡ L$epdsdp„`Z A¡hy„ L$p¡B _rl lp¡e S>¡ A¡¡ sdßp _ L$f¡ L¡$ L¡$hy„ kpfy„ \s¡ L¡$s¡ `Z Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _p¡ Tìhpf lp¡s.'' $(L$pd¡gyT¹¹$ Tuepfps `p_p _„. 143, b¡lpfyg AÞhpf cpN : 18 `p_p _„.:101)

Ap Adyëe qfhpesp¡dp„ L$b°_u c]kdp„\u dy[¼s_u kp\¡ kp\¡dyÞL$f A_¡ _L$uf_p ce\u `Z kyfrns A_¡ kgpds fl¡hp_u hps

13

s¡Ap¡ AfS> L$fi¡ L¡$ Ad¡ fkyg¡ Myv$p k‰‰plp¡ Agel¡ hApg¡lu_u dp¡låbs, lTfs Agu A_¡ aps¡dp Agelp¡dõkgpd_udp¡låbsdp„ Tuepfs L$fu, s¡Ap¡_p D`f NyÅfhpdp„ Aph¡gp Tyëdp¡_pbv$gpdp„ s¡Ap¡_p D`f fl¡ds dpNhp dpV¡$.

S>hpb dmi¡. Ap R>¡ dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.), Agu, aps¡dp, lk_A_¡ lzke_ (A.k.). sd¡ gp¡L$p¡ s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ \B Åh A_¡ sd¡s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ s¡Ap¡_p v$fˆ>pdp„ R>p¡. fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) _p ÝhS>_p„R>p„eX$p l¡W$m fl¡ip¡ A_¡ ÝhS> lTfs Agu (A.k.) _p lp\p¡dp„li¡. Ap b^p gp¡L$p¡ s¡ ÝhS>_u ApNm ApNm Qpgu_¡ bëL¡$ v$f¡L$bpSy>\u ÝhS>_¡ `p¡sp_p AphfZdp„ gB_¡ S>ßsdp„ v$pMg \i¡.''(L$pd¡gyT¹¹ Tuepfps `p_p _„. : 141, b¡lpfyg AÞhpf cpN : 101 `p_p _„. : 21)

Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_u iy„ ip_ A_¡ dfsbp¡R>¡ ? L$epdsdp„ S>¡ ÝhS>_p kpep _uQ¡ sdpd _buAp¡ A_¡ hkuAp¡li¡, Tìhpfp¡_¡ `Z A¡S> ÝhS>_p kpep l¡W$m S>Áep dmi¡.

lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.), lTfs Agu (A.k.) A_¡_buAp¡ (A.k.) dykpa¡lp L$fi¡.

(1) lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) A¡ dp¡Aphuep bu_hlb_¡ afdpìey„ :

A¡ dp¡Aphuep ! L$p¡B ce_p L$pfZ¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs_¡ R>p¡X$u _ v¡$ip¡. iy„ sd¡ Aphsu L$pg¡ s¡ gp¡L$p¡dp„cmu S>hp _\u dpNsp S>¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p(k.A.h.) dykpa¡lp L$f¡?

(L$pd¡gyT¹¹ Tuepfps `p_p _„. : 118)

(2) Ap`_u buÆ A¡L$ fuhpesdp„ Ap âdpZ¡ R>¡ :Å¡ L$p¡B Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) (_u `rhÓ L$b°) _u `pR>m

A¡L$ _dpT `Y¡$ s¡ L$epds_p qv$hk¡ Myv$p kp\¡ A¡hu fus¡ dygpL$psL$fi¡ L¡$ v$f¡L$ hõsy s¡_p _yfdp„ X|$bu S>i¡. Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_u BÈTs A_¡ kÞdp_ L$fi¡. ApN_¡s¡Ap¡_¡ õì® L$fhp_u fÅ _rl Ap ¡. Tìhpf_y„ õ\p_ lhT¡ L$hkf

16

S>ÁepAp¡ D`f iluv$ L$fhpdp„ Aphip¡. d¢ Myv$p_u lçv$ L$fu A_¡s¡_u `pk¡ Mef dp„Nu.

lzke_ (A.k.) A¡ Ap„ lTfs (k.A.h.) _¡ |R>ey„. _p_pÅ_,Sy>v$u Sy>v$u S>ÁepAp¡ D`f Adpfu L$b°p¡ lp¡hp `R>u Adpfu TuepfsdpV¡$ L$p¡Z Aphi¡ ?

afdpìey„ : dpfu Dçds_p¡ A¡L$ kd|l dpfu Myiu A_¡ dpfu kp\¡k„`L®$ fpMhp Mpsf Tuepfs dpV¡$ Aphi¡. lz„ L$epds_p d¡v$p_dp„s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ dygpL$ps L$fui A_¡ s¡d_p bphX$p `L$X$u `L$X$u_¡L$epds_u k¿suep¡ A_¡ cep_L$spdp„\u dy[¼s A`phui.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps `p_p _„. 59)

A¡L$ buÆ qfhpesdp„ Ap fus¡ R>¡ :""lz„ L$epdsdp„ s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ dygpL$ps L$fui A_¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ s¡Ap¡_p

Ny_plp¡dp„\u ApTpv$ L$fphui.''(Ag L$pau cpN : `p_p _„. 548, hkpA¡g cpN : 10, `p_p _„. 256)

AÞe A¡L$ fuhpesdp„ Ap fus¡ R>¡ :s¡ gp¡L$p¡_p¡ dpfp D`f A¡ lL$ R>¡ L¡$ L$epdsdp„ s¡Ap¡_u Tuepfs

L$fy„. lz„ s¡Ap¡_¡ s¡Ap¡_p Ny_plp¡dp„\u ApTpv$ L$fphui A_¡ S>ßsdp„v$pMg L$fui.

(khpbyg AAdpg `p_p _„. 108)

Ap qfhpesp¡_p¡ Aæepk L$fhp\u A¡hy„ spfZ L$pY$u iL$pe L¡$Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f_pfp gp¡L$p¡ L$epdsdp„ _uQ¡âdpZ¡_u Myi_kubu d¡mhi¡ :

1. l. fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ dygpL$ps L$fi¡.2. Ny_plp¡\u dy[¼s A`phi¡.3. L$epds_u k¿suAp¡\u dy[¼s A`phi¡.4. S>ßsdp„ gB S>i¡.Å¡ BÞkp_ rhQpf L$f¡ L¡$ ¼ep„ Ap`Z¡ kp¥\u lëL$u d¿gyL$, Ny_plp¡dp„

X|$b¡gp, fylp_u rbdpfuAp¡dp„ k`X$pA¡gp, _¡L$uAp¡ hNf_p, _ L$p¡B MpkBdp_, _ L$p¡B L$v$f L$fu iL$pe s¡hp¡ Adg.

14

li¡. lTfs Agu (A.k.) lhT¡ L$hkf D`f Ecp li¡. s¡_ukp\¡ dykpa¡lp L$fi¡. L$hkf_p `pZu\u s¡_¡ s©á L$fi¡.(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p_p _„.123, b¡lpfyg AÞhpf : cpN : 101 `p_p _„. : 78)

(3) lTfs Bdpd Te_yg Apb¡v$u_ (A.k.) _u qfhpes R>¡:S>¡ L$p¡B A¡L$ gpM Qp¡huk lÅf _buAp¡ (A.k.) kp\¡ dykpa¡lp

L$fhp dpNsp¡ lp¡e s¡Z¡ 15 iAbp_yg dp¡AÈTd_p Bdpd lzke_(A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$fhu Å¡BA¡. dgpA¡L$pAp¡ A_¡ _buAp¡_u fylp¡Myv$p `pk¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs_u fÅ dp„N¡ R>¡ A_¡s¡Ap¡_¡ fÅ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Myi qL$õds R>¡ s¡ gp¡L$p¡ S>¡d_ukp\¡ _buAp¡ dykpa¡lp L$f¡ A\hp S>¡ _buAp¡ kp\¡ dykpa¡lp L$f¡.s¡Ap¡dp„ `p„Q Ap¡gyg AÈd èNçbfp¡ R>¡. S>_pb¡ _yl (A.k.),S>_pb¡ Bb°plud (A.k.), S>_pb¡ dykp (A.k.), S>_pb¡ Bkp(A.k.) A_¡ lTfs dp¡lçdv$ dyõsyap (k.A.h.) (qL$spb aTg¡Tuepfsyg lzke_ A.k.)

lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) kp\¡ dykpa¡lp L$fhp dm¡ s¡huv$f¡L$_u v$ugu sdßp R>¡ A_¡ S>¡_¡ Ap kÞdp_ dm¡ R>¡ R>u s¡ õhà_pdp„`Z L¡$d _ lp¡e s¡ `p¡sp_¡ M|bS> Myi qL$õds kdS>¡ R>¡. `f„sy s¡gp¡L$p¡_p v$fˆ>pAp¡ L¡$hp li¡ S>¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p(k.A.h.) lTfs Agu (A.k.) A_¡ sdpd _buAp¡ dykpa¡lp L$f¡.

|g¡ k¡fps Tìhpf dpV$¡ kfm \B S>i¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _u qfhpes R>¡.lTfs Adufyg dp¡Ad¡_u_ (A.k.) _u sfa\u Tìhpf dpV¡$

A¡L$ aqfísp¡ dp¡L$ghpdp„ Aphi¡. S>¡ k¡fps_¡ lzL$d Apì¡. s¡S>lßd_u ApN_¡ lzL$d L$fi¡ L¡$ Tìhpf_¡ spb¡ \B Å. spfu L$p¡BS>hpmp Tìhpf kyû Aphhp _ `pd¡, Äep„ kyû Tìhpf `kpf _\B Åe. l. Aduê$g dp¡Ad¡_u_ (A.k.) _p¡ dp¡L$g¡gp¡ afuísp¡s¡_u kp\¡ kp\¡ fl¡i¡.(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p_p _„.123, b¡lpfyg AÞhpf cpN : 101 `p_p _„. 78)

15

L$epds_u k¿suAp¡\u dy[¼s :L$epds_u k¿suAp¡_¡ Ly$fAp_¡ L$fud¡ Ap fus¡ fS|> L$fu R>¡.""A¡ gp¡L$p¡, sdpfp fb\u X$fp¡ A_¡ sL$hp AMÐepf L$fp¡. b¡iL$

L$epds_p¡ TgTgp¡ OZu dp¡V$u QuS> R>¡. S>¡ qv$hk¡ sd¡ Å¡ip¡ L¡$ v|$^`p_pfu õÓu `p¡sp_p v|$^dg bpmL$_¡ cygu S>i¡. kNcp® ÷u `p¡sp_pNc®_¡ pX$u _pMi¡. sd¡ s¡ qv$hk¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ dv$lp¡i Å¡ip¡. s¡Ap¡ _ipdp„_rl lp¡e, `f„sy A‰pl_p¡ ATpb kMs li¡.''

(kyfA¡ lS>, Ap._„. 1-2)

Ap dpÓ L$epds_u k¿suAp¡_p¡ kpdpÞe _dy_p¡ R>¡. Apk¿suAp¡dp„\u dy[¼s d¡mhhu v$f¡L$_u i[¼s_u hps _\u. `f„sy s¡k¿suAp¡\u dy[¼s d¡mhhu `Z S>fyfu R>¡. Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd¡ Äep„ ApâL$pf_u k¿suAp¡_u QQp® L$fu R>¡ Ðep„ s¡dp„\u dy[¼s d¡mhhp_u fusp¡`Z _½$u L$fu R>¡. Å¡ Ap`Z¡ Ap k¿suAp¡\u dy[¼s d¡mhhp dpNsplp¡BA¡ sp¡ s¡_p dpNp£_¡ `Z A_ykfuA¡. Ap k¿suAp¡\u dy[¼sd¡mhhp_p¡ A¡L$ ANÐe_p¡ dpN® l. Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _uTuepfs R>¡.

lTfs Agu bu_ Abu spgub (A.k.) _y„ bep_ R>¡""A¡L$ qv$hk lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) Adpfp Of¡ `^pep®.

Ad¡ s¡d_u k¡hpdp„ S>dhp_y„ ùfõey„. `R>u Ap„ lTfs (k.A.h.)Of_p MyZpdp„ dõÆv$dp„ Nep. _dpT Av$p L$fu. gp„bp¡ kS>v$p¡ L$ep®.fX$ép, A_¡ gp„bp kde kyû fX$sp füp. Äepf¡ kS>v$ldp„\u dp\y„JQy L$e®y„ Ðepf¡ Adpfpdp„\u L$p¡B_u rlçds _ \B L¡$ Ap„ lTfs(k.A.h.) _¡ L$p„B |R>¡. A¡V$gpdp„ lzke_ (A.k.) Ecp \ep A_¡lTfs (k.A.h.) _p Mp¡mpdp„ b¡ku Nep A_¡ `|R>ey„ : _p_pÅ_L$B QuS>¡ Ap`_¡ ApV$gp fX$pìep ?

Ap„ lTfs (k.A.h.) A¡ afdpìey„ : dpfp gpg ! lz„ Apìep¡Ðepf¡ sd_¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ Å¡B_¡ OZp¡ Myi lsp¡. d_¡ ApV$gu h y Myiu¼epf¡ \B _ lsu. A¡V$gpdp„ Æb°Bg (A.k.) Apìep A_¡ s¡dZ¡Mbf Apù L¡$ sd¡ gp¡L$p¡ iluv$ L$fhpdp„ Aphip¡ A_¡ Sy>v$u Sy>v$u

17

¼ep„ vy$r_ep_u kp¥\u dlp_ ìe[¼s, sdpd _buAp¡ A_¡dyfkgu__p kfv$pf, k©rô$_p kS>®__y„ L$pfZ. L$epdsdp„ s¡d_p\u h^yDÃQ A_¡ kp¥\u h y dfsbp¡ ^fph_pf A_¡ AaTg L$p¡B _rl lp¡e.s¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u L$b°_u Tuepfs L$f_pfpAp¡_u TuepfsdpV¡$ Aph¡, s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ dygpL$ps L$f¡. s¡Ap¡_p bphX$p `L$X$u_¡ v$f¡L$âL$pf_u k¿suAp¡dp„\u dy[¼s A`ph¡ A_¡ S>ßsdp„ gB Åe.

iy„ Ap\u h^y L$p¡B buÆ BÈTs L¡$ kÞdp__u L$ë`_p i¼e R>¡?Äep„ kyû ðpk Qpgu füp¡ R>¡ Ðep„ kyû azfks_¡ N_uds NZu

A‰pl `pk¡ ApÆÆ `|h®L$ Tuepfs_u v$p¡Ap L$fp¡ A_¡ Å¡ TuepfsL$fu Q|¼ep lp¡h sp¡ hpf„hpf Åhp_u v$fMpõs L$fp¡ A_¡ Å¡ TuepfsdpV¡$ L$fbgp S>B iL$pe s¡hp k„Å¡Np¡ _ lp¡e sp¡ `p¡sp_p Ofdp„ S>Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$fp¡.

kp¥\u h^y s¡S>õhu ip_p¡ ihL$s li¡ :L$epds_p d¡v$p_dp„ Äep„ v$f¡L$ `p¡sp_p âñp¡dp„ Ny„QhpA¡gp li¡

Ðep„ lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_u ip_ A_¡ ihL$sL$p„BL$ Sy>v$uS> li¡.

Tful dlpfbuA¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _¡ AfS>L$fu : dp¥gp Äepf¡ dpfu L$p¥d A_¡ kNpìlpgpAp¡_¡ lTfs Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.) _u `rhÓ L$b°_p khpb_u ÅZ L$fy„ Ry>„ Ðepf¡ s¡Ap¡d_¡ Sy>W$gphu_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ sd¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)_u sfa Mp¡V$u hpsp¡_¡ Å¡X$u v$p¡ R>p¡ ? Bdpd (A.k.) A¡ afdpìey„:

""A¡ Tful ! gp¡L$p¡_u `fhp _ L$fp¡. s¡Ap¡ Äep„ Åe R>¡ Ðep„S>hp v$p¡. Myv$p_u L$kd Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _pTìhpfp¡ D`f aÀ A_¡ Nh® L$f¡ R>¡. dgpA¡L$pAp¡ dp„\u Mpk Qy„V$pA¡gpdgpA¡L$p A_¡ Ai®_¡ D`pX$_pfp aqfíspAp¡ s¡Ap¡_y„ kÞdp_ L$f¡ R>¡.Ðep„ kyû L¡$ Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgd dgpA¡L$pAp¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ : iy„ sd¡ Bdpdlzk¥_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_¡ _\u Å¡sp? Sy>Ap¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ L¡$hp ip¡MA_¡ gpNZu\u Apìep lsp. Ap b^p Bdpd lyk¥_ (A.k.) A_¡aps¡dp Tl¡fp (k.A.) _u dp¡låbsdp„ Apìep lsp.

20

syk_p A¡L$ fl¡hpkuA¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)_¡ `yR>ey„ : ""A¡ afTÞv¡$ fkyg ! S>¡ dpZk Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u L$b°_u Tuepfs L$f¡ s¡_y„ iy„ õ\p_ R>¡ ?''

afdpìey„ :""A¡ syk_p fl¡hpku ! S>¡ dpfp r`spîu lTfs Bdpd lzke_

bu_ Agu (A.k.) _u L$b°_u Tuepfs s¡ dAf¡as_u kp\¡ L$f¡ L¡$s¡ Myv$p sfa\u r_dpA¡gp Bdpd (A.k.) R>¡ A_¡ s¡d_u spb¡v$pfuhpÆb A_¡ S>ê$fu R>¡, Myv$p s¡_p ApNm_p \B Ne¡gp A_¡ `R>u_p\hphpmp Ny_plp¡ dpa L$fu v¡$i¡ A_¡ Ny_p¡lNpfp¡_p lL$dp„ s¡_uiapAs L$byg L$fu g¡i¡. s¡Ap¡ (A.k.) _u L$b°_u `pk¡ S>¡ v$p¡Apdp„Nhpdp„ Aphi¡ s¡ S>fyf L$byg \i¡.''

(ApdpguA¡ kvy$L$ `p_p _„. : 526)

Ap qfhpesdp„ 70 gp¡L$p¡_u iapAs_u hps R>¡. A¡L$ buÆfuhpesdp„ Aphu 100 ìe[¼sAp¡_u iapAs_u hps R>¡ S>¡ gp¡L$p¡dpV¡$ S>lßd S>fyfu NZhpdp„ Aphu lsu. A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Å¡ Ap iapAs_kub _ \s¡ sp¡ s¡Ap¡ S>lßddp„ S>s¡.

iea sçdpf_u qfhpes R>¡. lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$(A.k.) _¡ L$l¡sp kp„cþep :

""L$epdsdp„ lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡ 100ìe[¼sAp¡_u iapAs L$fi¡. S>¡dp„_p v$f¡L$_¡ dpV¡$ v$p¡TM S>fyfuNZhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ap A¡ gp¡L$p¡ lsp S>¡ vy$r_epdp„ BkfpaL$fsp lsp.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p_p _„. : 165)

A¡L$ buÆ qfhpesdp„ R>¡ L¡$ p¡sp_p Mp_v$p__u ìe[¼sAp¡ rkhpeA¡L$ lÅf v$u_u cpBAp¡_u iapAs L$fi¡.

lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _u qfhpesdp„ R>¡:""Å¡ L$p¡B Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u rTepfs dpV¡$ Åe A_¡

Ðep„ L$sg L$fu v¡$hpdp„ Aph¡, s¡ kde_p¡ lpL$ud s¡_u D`f TygdL$f¡ A_¡ s¡ L$sg \B Åe sp¡ S>¡hy„ s¡_p gp¡lu_y„ `l¡gy„ V$u`y„ S>du_

18

dpfu BÈTs, S>gpg A_¡ ATds_u L$kd d¢ dpfu BÈTs A_¡A¡ls¡fpd s¡Ap¡_p dpV¡$ S>fyfu L$ep£ R>¡. lz„ s¡Ap¡_¡ A¡ S>ßsdp„ S>fyfv$pMg L$fui S>¡ d¢ dpfp hguAp¡, dpfp _buAp¡ A_¡ dpfp eNçbfp¡_¡dpV¡$ s¥epf L$fu R>¡.''(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps `p_p _„. : 143, b¡lpfyg AÞhpf cpN: 101 `p_p _„.75)

lzfp¡ ârsnp L$fu flu R>¡ :lTfs Bdpd dp¡lçdv$ bpL$uf (A.k.) A\hp lTfs Bdpd

S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) A¡ S>_pb¡ Tp¡fpfl_¡ L$üy„ : ""A¡ Tp¡fpfl!vy$r_epdp„ S>¡ `Z dp¡Adu_ R>¡ s¡_¡ dpV¡$ S>fyfu R>¡ L¡$ s¡ lTfs Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs \L$u S>_pb aps¡dp Tl¡fpkgpdy‰pl¡Agelp_¡ Myi L$f¡.''

Bdpd¡ h ydp„ afdpìey„ :""A¡ Tp¡fpfl, L$epds_p qv$hk¡ lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)

A‰pl_p Ai®_u _uQ¡ rbfpS>dp_ li¡. Myv$p s¡d_p Tìhpfp¡ A_¡iuepAp¡_¡ c¡Np L$fi¡. S>¡\u s¡ BÈTs, kÞdp_, spS>Nu, Myiu A_¡cìespAp¡_¡ S|>A¡ A_¡ s¡ bpbsp¡ S|>A¡ S>¡_p NyZp¡ Myv$p$_u rkhpeL$p¡B_¡ Mbf _\u.''

s¡V$gpdp„ S>ßs_u lzfp¡_p ârsr_rÂp¡ s¡Ap¡_u `pk¡ Aphi¡ A_¡L$l¡i¡ L¡$ Ad_¡ lzfp¡A¡ Ap`_u k¡hpdp„ dp¡L$ëep R>¡ A_¡ AfS> L$fu R>¡L¡$ s¡Ap¡ Ap`_u dygpL$ps_u Qplsdp„ b¡Q¥_ R>¡, A_¡ Ap` gp¡L$p¡ dp¡Xy„$L$fu füp R>p¡ ! Ap_p gu ¡ s¡Ap¡_u Myiu A_¡ kÞdp_dp„ h^pfp¡ \i¡.s¡Ap¡ Ap ârsr_rÂp¡_¡ L$l¡i¡:

""Ad¡ OZu S>ëv$u\u s¡Ap¡_u `pk¡ AphuA¡ R>uA¡.''(b¡lpfyg AÞhpf cpN : 101 `p_p _„. :75)

kp¥\u `l¡gp S>ßsdp„ S>i¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) A¡ afdpìey„ :L$epdsdp„ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_¡ bpL$u_p gp¡L$p¡

D`f DÃQsp A_¡ kÞdp_ âpá \i¡.

19

Tp¡fpfl¡ yR>ey„ : iy„ iy„ kÞdp_ li¡ ? afdpìey„ :Ap lTfsp¡ bpL$u_p gp¡L$p¡_u kfMpdZudp„ Qpguk hfk hl¡gp

S>ßsdp„ v$pMg \i¡, Äepf¡ bpL$u_p gp¡L$p¡ rlkpb A_¡ qL$spbdp„fp¡L$pA¡gp li¡.

S>ßsu v$õsfMp_ :S>_pb Aby bkuf_u qfhpes R>¡. d¢ lTfs Bdpd dp¡lçdv$

bpL$uf (A.k.) A\hp lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)`pk¡\u kp„cþey„ R>¡ :

""S>¡ dpZk S>ßsdp„ `p¡sp_y„ Of A_¡ W¡$L$pÏ„ b_phhp Qplsp¡lp¡e s¡Z¡ dTgyd_u Tuepfs R>p¡X$u _ v¡$hu Å¡BA¡.''

AfS> L$fu :- ""L$p¡Z dTgyd ?'' afdpìey„ :lzke_ bu_ Agu, kpl¡b¡ L$fbgp. S>¡ õh¡ÃR>pA¡ A_¡ fkyg¡

Myv$p (k.A.h.), S>_pb aps¡dp (k.A.) A_¡ S>_pb Aduf(A.k.) _u dp¡låbsdp„ s¡Ap¡_u Tuepfs L$fi¡, Myv$p s¡_¡ S>ßs_pv$õsfMp_ D`f b¡kpX$i¡ A_¡ s¡ s¡Ap¡_u kp\¡ S>di¡, Äepf¡ bpL$u_pgp¡L$p¡ rlkpb A_¡ qL$spbdp„ k`X$pA¡gp li¡.


100 gp¡L$p¡_u iapAs L$fi¡ :OZp Ap¡R>p gp¡L$p¡ A¡hp li¡ S>¡Ap¡ `p¡sp_p Bdp_ A_¡ Apdpg_p

^p¡fZ¡ S>ßsdp„ S>i¡. _rl sp¡ v$f¡L$ iapAs_p L$pfZ¡ S> S>ßsdp„ S>i¡.AdyL$ gp¡L$p¡ S>ßsdp„ S>hp dpV¡$ iapAs_p dp¡lspS> li¡ A_¡ AdyL$S>ßsdp„ v$fˆ>pAp¡dp„ h^pfp¡ L$fhp dpV¡$ iapAs_p dp¡lspS> li¡.iapAs_p¡ d|m lL$ Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgd_¡ âpá R>¡. L$epdsdp„ sdpd gp¡L$p¡dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) A_¡ Apg¡ dp¡lçdv (A.k.)_u iapAs_pdp¡lspS> li¡. Alg¡bes (A.k.) gp¡L$p¡_u iapAs L$fi¡ A_¡ AdyL$_kubv$pf gp¡L$p¡ A¡hp Z li¡ S>¡Ap¡_¡ dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) A_¡ Apg¡dp¡lçdv$ (A.k.) _u iapAs L$p„BL$ A¡hu fus¡ _kub \i¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡Myv$ buÅ gp¡L$p¡_u iapAs L$fi¡. Ap fus¡ gp¡L$p¡dp„ lTfs Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_¡ rhi¡j v$fˆ>p¡ dm¡g R>¡.

21

D`f `X$i¡ s¡hp S> s¡_p b^p Ny_pl dpa L$fu v¡$hpdp„ Aphi¡. s¡_pMp_v$p_hpmp A_¡ A¡L$ lÅf v$u_u cpBAp¡_p lL$dp„ s¡_u iapAsL$byg L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p_p _„. 124)

Ap iapAs d¡mh_pf ìe[¼sAp¡_u k„¿epdp„ saphs Tìhpf_udAf¡as A_¡ Tuepfs_u sL$guap¡ kl_ L$fhp D`f Ap^pfus R>¡.Äepf¡ ApS>L$pg_p Tìhpfp¡ L$pagphpmp_¡ khpg L$f¡ R>¡. sd¡ sdpfpL$pagpdp„ Ad_¡ iy„ iy„ kNhX$spAp¡ Apìp¡. s¡Ap¡ A¡ c|gu ÅeR>¡ L¡$ Ap kafdp„ S>¡V$gu sL$guap¡ \i¡, khpb `Z s¡V$gp¡ h^pf¡dmi¡. Aakp¡k R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfsdp„ ApfpdA_¡ kNhX$p¡_u dp„NZuAp¡ L$fuA¡ R>uA¡, S>¡dZ¡ Myv$ L$fbgp_pd¡v$p_dp„ A¡V$gu dykubsp¡ A_¡ vy$:Mp¡ kl_ L$ep® S>¡_y„ Dv$plfZifyApsdp„ L¡$ A„sdp„ (`l¡g¡\u R>¡‰¡ kyû) ¼ep„e v¡$Mpsy„ _\u.

Myv$ph„v$p_u fl¡dsp¡dp„ li¡ :Aåvy$‰pl bu_ d¡L$p_¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)

_¡ Ll¡sp kp„cþep :""S>¡ Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd_u Myi_yv$u dpV¡$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)

_u Tuepfs L$fi¡, Myv$p s¡_p Ny_plp¡_¡ A¡hu fus¡ `pL$ kpa L$fu v¡$i¡ÅZ¡ L¡$ s¡ ldZp„ dp_p `¡V$dp„\u `¡v$p \ep¡ lp¡e... Apkdp__p MyZ¡MyZpdp„\u Myv$p_u fl¡ds s¡_¡ O¡fu g¡i¡. dgpA¡L$p Ap fus¡ s¡_¡ AhpS>v¡$i¡ : dybpfL$ \pe. sd¡ Tuepfs L$fu_¡ `pL$ kpa \B Nep A_¡`R>u s¡_p Mp_v$p_dp„ s¡_y„ fnZ L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.''


L$g¡Sy>„ W„$Xy$ fl¡i¡ :vy$r_epdp„ \p¡X$u A¡hu Nfdu `Z Ap`Zp\u kl_ _\u \su. \p¡X$p

sX$L$pdp„ ifuf baphp gpN¡ R>¡. Ðepf¡ L$epds_u Nfdu? A¡L$ sfaL$epds_p Öóep¡_p¡ ce, rlkpb A_¡ qL$spb_u b¡Q¡_u, ApN\uDL$msu S>lßd, cfMu S>su S>hpmpAp¡, Myv$p_p¡ NTb... Aphu[õ\rsdp„ Å¡ L$p¡B Qpl¡ L¡$ s¡_y„ L$g¡Sy>„ W„$Xy$ fl¡ A_¡ L$epds_p d¡v$p__u

24

TpA¡f¡ lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)

Tuepfs_p Bfpv$p\u hs_ pR>p afhp ky u

ABçdA¡ dAkydu_ (A.k.) _u dygpL$ps_y„ kÞdp_ âpá L$fhy„A_¡ s¡Ap¡_u bpfNpldp„ Np¥fh âpá L$fhp_u sdßp fpMhu v$f¡L$dp¡Adu__p qv$gdp„ lp¡e R>¡. Ly$fAp_¡ L$fud_u õ`ô$ Apesp¡,rhðpk`pÓ A_¡ k_v$\u d¡mh¡gu lv$ukp¡_p âL$pidp„ Ap hps k„`|Z®R>¡ L¡$ Myv$p_u fpldp„ iluv$ \_pf Æhsp R>¡. Ap`Zp b^p Bdpdp¡ep sp¡ sëhpf\u iluv$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep A\hp T¡f Apù_¡ iluv$L$fhpdp„ Apìep. Ap b^p lTfsp¡ (A.k.) b^p iluv$p¡_p kfv$pfA_¡ s¡Ap¡_p ApN¡hp_ R>¡. ABçdA¡ dAkydu_ (A.k.) lpgdp„Æh„s R>¡. A¡V$gy„ S> _rl bëL¡$ Ap`Z_¡ Å¡B `Z füp R>¡. Ap`Zuhpsp¡_¡ kp„cmu füp R>¡ A_¡ S>hpb Apù füp R>¡ Å¡ L¡$ Ap`Z¡A¡ gpeL$ _\u L¡$ s¡Ap¡_p `rhÓ AhpS>_¡ kp„cmu iL$uA¡.

lpgdp„ ABçdA¡ dAkydu_ (A.k.)_u L$b°p¡_u Tuepfs L$fhus¡ Æ„v$Nudp„ s¡Ap¡_u Muv$dsdp„ lpS>f \hp kdp_ R>¡. s¡Ap¡dp„\uA¡L$_u Tuepfs L$fhu sp¡ v$f¡L$_u Tuepfs L$fhp kdp_ R>¡. lTfsdykp L$pTud (A.k.) _u qfhpes R>¡ : ""Å¡ L$p¡BA¡ Adpfp `l¡gp_uTuepfs L$fu sp¡ s¡Z¡ Adpfp R>¡‰p_u Tuepfs L$fu A_¡ S>¡Z¡ AdpfpR>¡‰p_u Tuepfs L$fu s¡Z¡ Adpfp `l¡gp_u Tuepfs L$fu.

(b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 100, `p. 122)

lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _u qfhpes R>¡ ""Å¡ L$p¡BAdpfp vy$r_epdp„\u S>hp `R>u Adpfu Tuepfs L$f¡ sp¡ s¡Z¡ AdpfuTuepfs Æ„v$Nudp„ L$fhp bfpbf R>¡.''


L¡$V$gpe gp¡L$p¡ R>¡ S>¡Ap¡_p qv$gp¡dp„ ABçdA¡ dAkydu_ (A.k.)_u L$b°p¡_u Tuepfs_u sX$` R>¡. Ap„Mp¡ lfd_u A¡L$ TgL$ Å¡hp dpV¡$b¡Q¥_ R>¡. Äepf¡ `Z L$p¡B Bdpd_p fp¡Tp_u sõhuf kpd¡ Aphu ÅeR>¡ Ðepf¡ sX$` OZu hû Åe R>¡. A_¡ Ap„Mp¡dp„ Ap„kyAp¡ X$bX$b¡R>¡ A_¡ Npg D`f f¡gpsp Ap„kyAp¡ kÃQpB_u kpnu |f¡ R>¡. `f„sy

22

Nfdu\u kyfrns fl¡ sp¡ s¡ Afap_p qv$hk¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs L$f¡.

lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) A_¡ lTfs Bdpd AgufTp (A.k.) \u qfhpes R>¡ : ""S>¡ Afap_p qv$hk¡ (9du TuëlSy>glfpd) Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u `rhÓ L$b°_u Tuepfs L$fi¡Myv$p s¡_p L$g¡Å_¡ W„$Xy$ fpMi¡.''


dgpA¡L$pAp¡_p kfv$pf b_i¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) \u qfhpes R>¡.""S>¡Z¡ Afap_p qv$hk¡ lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u

Tuepfs L$fu, Myv$p s¡_¡ lTfs lzˆ>s (A.k.) _u kp\¡ lÅf lÅflS> L$fhp_p¡ khpb Apì¡. A_¡ Myv$p s¡_¡ "Aåvu$õkuØuL$' "dpfpkpQp b„v$p' L$lu_¡ k„bp¡î¡. dpfp¡ Ap kpQp¡ b„v$p¡ R>¡, S>¡ dpfp hpev$pD`f eL$u_ ^fph¡ R>¡. dgpA¡L$p L$l¡i¡ agpZp¡ "rkØuL$' R>¡. Myv$pA¡s¡_¡ Ai®_u D`f `pL$ A_¡ `pL$uTp NZpìep¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ vy$r_epdp„"L${®$bu' _p _pd\u bp¡gphhpdp„ Aphi¡.''


X$un_fudp„ "L${®$bu' dgpA¡L$p_p kfv$pf_¡ L$l¡ R>¡.k„b„^ v$ip®hhp\u A¡L$ kpdpÞe hõsy_¡ dlp_ b_phu v¡$ R>¡.

Mp_A¡ L$pAbp, Ly$fAp_¡ L$fud, dõÆvy$g lfpd... b^p Myv$p_usfa\u k„b„ v$ip®h¡gp lp¡hp_p L$pfZ¡ dlp_ A_¡ kÞdp_ L$fhp_¡`pÓ R>¡. Ap qfhpsesdp„ Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd lTfs Bdpd lzke_(A.k.) _p Tìhpf_¡ ""Aåv$uõkuØuL$'' (dpfp¡ kpQp¡ b„v$p¡) L$lu_¡k„bp¡^_ L$fu füp¡ R>¡ _¡ s¡_p dpV¡$ ""Aåv$u''_p¡ iåv$ hp`fu füp¡R>¡. Tìhpf_p¡ `p¡sp_u sfa k„b„ v$ip®hu füp¡ R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ b„v$p¡L$lu füp¡ R>¡. Aåv$uèes A¡L$ kp¥\u DÃQ õ\p_ R>¡. S>¡_p¡ A„v$pS>sil$lzv$\u \B Åe R>¡. sillzv$dp„ lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)_u qfkpgs_u Nhplu_u `l¡gp s¡d_u Aåv$uèes_u Nhplu ApùA¡R>uA¡.

23

""Ailv$p¡ AÞ_ dp¡lçdv$_ Aåv$p¡lz h fkygp¡l''Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u ilpv$s D`f A¡V$gu lv¡$ Dgyluèes

R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _¡ ""kpf - A‰pl'' L$l¡ R>¡ A_¡L$v$pQ Ap k„b„^\u Myv$p Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpf_¡""`p¡sp_p¡ b„v$p¡'' Aåv$u L$lu füp¡ R>¡.

S>ßs_p JQp JQp dL$p_p¡dp„ S>Áep dmi¡ :S>ßsdp„ S>hy„ s¡ v$f¡L$_u sdßp R>¡. S>ßsdp„ S>hy„ s¡ Myv$ A¡L$

OZp¡S> dlÐh_p¡ AOfp¡ sb½$p¡ R>¡. S>lßd_p ATpb\u kyfrns \BS>hy„ A_¡ S>ßsdp„ Qpëep S>hy„ kl¡gy„ _\u. A_¡ S>ßsdp„ kp¥\u DÃQõ\p_ d¡mhhy„ OÏ„ dyíL¡$g R>¡. `f„sy dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) A_¡ Apg¡dp¡lçdv$ (A.k.) _u rhgpes A_¡ dp¡låbs s¡ dlp_ _¡Ads R>¡S>¡_p klpf¡ kp¥\u dyíL¡$g bpbs `Z kl¡gu \B Åe R>¡. A_¡ kp¥\uDÃQ v$fˆ>pAp¡ ky u `lp¢Qhy„ i¼e b_u Åe R>¡.

lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _u qfhpes R>¡. S>¡dAf¡as_u kp\¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u `rhÓ L$b°_u TuepfsL$fi¡ Myv$p s¡_¡ S>ßs_p JQp JQp dL$p_p¡dp„ ""Ap'gp B‰uèeu_''dp„ õ\p_ Apì¡.


kp¥ ÅZ¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>ßs_p JQp JQp dL$p_p¡dp„ ""Ap'gp B‰uèeu_''S>ßs_p¡ kp¥\u DÃQ v$fˆ>p¡ R>¡.

Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd Ap`Z_¡ kp¥_¡ lTfs hguA¡ Aö Bdpd¡ Tdp_p(A.k.) _u kp\¡ hpf„hpf Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) _u `rhÓ L$b°_uTuepfs_u Myi_kubu Asp L$f¡.

Apdu_.

25

`qf[õ\rs `N_u b¡X$u kdp_ b_u Åe R>¡. kp^_-kpdN°u_p¡ Acphê$L$phV$p¡ Dcu L$fu v¡$ R>¡ A_¡ dp¡Adu_ hm MpB_¡ flu Åe R>¡.qv$g Qudmpe Åe R>¡. Ap`Zp L$fud bu_ L$fud ApL$pAp¡ A_¡Bdpdp¡_¡ `p¡sp_p Nygpdp¡_u Ap dS>byfuAp¡_u ÅZ lsu. s¡Ap¡A¡s¡_p¡ BgpS> Ap fus¡ L$üp¡ R>¡ : bpbyg lhpA¡S> lTfs Bdpd dykpL$pTud (A.k.) d¡ afdpìey„ : ""Å¡ L$p¡B Adpfu Tuepfs_u i[¼s_\u fphsp¡ s¡Z¡ Adpfp _¡L$ L$pd L$f_pfp cpBAp¡_u L$b°p¡_u TuepfsL$fhu Å¡BA¡.''


lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) d¡ afdpìey„ : S>¡ AdpfuTuepfs L$fhp_u i[¼s _\u ^fphsp¡ s¡Z¡ Adpfp _¡L$ L$pe® L$f_pfpv$p¡õsp¡_u Tuepfs L$fhu Å¡BA¡. s¡_¡ Adpfu Tuepfs_p¡ khpbAp`hpdp„ Aphi¡.


Ap s¡ gp¡L$p¡_p dpV¡$ R>¡ S>¡Ap¡_u [õ\rs Mf¡Mf A¡hu R>¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡d½$p, dv$u_p, _S>a, L$fbgp, L$pTd¥_, kpdfp®, dilv$, Ly$d rhN¡f¡õ\mp¡A¡ S>B_¡ dAkydu__u L$b°p¡_u Tuepfs L$fhp dpV¡$ kp^_-k„`ß_\u. `f„sy s¡ gp¡L$p¡ S>¡Ap¡_¡ Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgd¡ kp^_-k„`rÑ ApùR>¡ s¡Ap¡A¡ Æh_dp„ dpÓ A¡L$ hMs Tuepfs L$fu_¡ k„sp¡j _ dp_hp¡Å¡BA¡. rfhpesdp„ R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡B_u `pk¡ kNhX$ lp¡e sp¡ s¡Z¡ hj®dp„b¡ hMs rTepfs dpV¡$ S>hy„ Å¡BA¡.(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfs,`p. 188)A_¡ Qpf hj®\u h^y Npmp¡ fpMhp¡ dAkydu_ (A.k.) _¡ `k„v$ _\u(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfs `p. 297) S>¡ gp¡L$p¡ v|$f v|$f_p v¡$ip¡dp„ fl¡ R>¡s¡Ap¡A¡ ÓZ hj®dp„ A¡L$ hMs Tuepfs dpV¡$ S>hy„ Å¡BA¡. (L$pd¡gyT¹Tuepfs, `p. 297)

Tuepfs_p¡ iy„ khpb R>¡. Tuepfs L$f_pf_¡ L$epds_p qv$hk¡iy„ iy„ dmi¡. Å¡ Myv$pA¡ sp¥auL$ Apù A_¡ hp„QL$p¡_u v$p¡ApAp¡_p¡kp\ dþep¡ sp¡ s¡_u QQp® afu ¼epf¡L$ L$fuiy„. AÐépf¡ sp¡ dpÓ A¡V$guhps L$fhp dp„NuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ Äepf¡ L$p¡B Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u

28

AfS> L$fu : lz„ Ap` D`f Ly$fbp_ \B Åh. S>ê$f L$lp¡.afdpìey„ : Äepf¡ sdpfpdp„\u L$p¡B dykpafu_p kpdp__u s¥epfu

L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs dpV¡$ s¥epfu L$f¡ R>¡Ðepf¡ Apkdp__p aqfísp s¡_u kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡.

Of\u _uL$msu hMs¡ :Äepf¡ s¡ Of_u blpf _uL$m¡ R>¡, `R>u s¡ `N¡ Qpgu_¡ lp¡e L¡$

hpl_ D`f, Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgd Qpf lÅf arfísp s¡_u kp\¡ dp¡L$g¡R>¡. s¡Ap¡ s¡_p D`f vy$ê$v$ A_¡ kgpd dp¡L$ëep L$f¡ R>¡. Ðep„ kyûL¡$ s¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u L$b° kyû `lp¢Qu Åe.(b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 101, `p. 163, l. 8, L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 206)

R> rv$ipA¡\u aqfíspAp¡ fnZ L$f¡ R>¡ :kahp_ S>çdpg_u qfhpes dyS>b lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$

(A.k.) d¡ afdpìey„ : Äepf¡ L$p¡B lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs_u r_èes\u `p¡sp_p Of¡\u, _uL$m¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ kpskp¡aqfísp s¡_u kp\¡ kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡. D`f\u, _uQ¡\u, S>dZ¡\u, X$pb¡\u,kpd¡\u A_¡ `pR>m\u s¡_u kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡ Ðép„ kyû L¡$ s¡ `p¡sp_ud„Tug kyû `lp¢Qu Åe.(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 190, b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 101, `p. 58, l. 62)

A¡L$ lÅf aqfísp kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡ :A¡L$ buÆ qfhpesdp„ Ap fus¡ R>¡ : Äepf¡ L$p¡B lTfs Bdpd

lzk¥_ (A.k.) _p l½$_¡ Ap¡mMu_¡ Tuepfs_u r_èes\u sL$åbyf(Od„X$) hNf Of¡\u _uL$m¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ A¡L$ lÅf aqfísp S>dZu bpSy>A¡A_¡ A¡L$ lÅf aqfísp X$pbu bpSy>A¡ s¡_u kp\¡ kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡ A_¡s¡_¡ L$p¡B _bu L¡$ hku_u kp\¡ A¡L$ lÅf lS> A_¡ A¡L$ lÅf DdfpL$fhp_p¡ khpb Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

(b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 101, `p. 91, l. 33)

Ap qfhpes fapApA¡ Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) \u _L$gL$fu R>¡.

26

Tuepfs_u r_èes\u `p¡sp_p Of¡\u _uL$m¡ R>¡, kaf L$f¡ R>¡, L$fbgp`lp¢Q¡ R>¡ A_¡ Tuepfs L$fu_¡ `pR>p¡ af¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡_p `Ng¡ `NgpD`f L¡$hp L¡$hp B_pdp¡\u _hpS>hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ L¡$hp L¡$hp v$fˆ>pAp¡Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Å¡ ìe[¼s Ap `rhÓ dykpafu `p¡sp_p Bdpd¡Tdp_p (A.k.) sfa\u L$f¡ sp¡ Ap B_pdp¡dp„ Ak„¿e h^pfp¡ L$fhpdp„Aph¡ R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ B_pd Ap`su hMs¡ A¡ `Z Ýep_ fpMhpdp„Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡_¡ B_pd Ap`hpdp„ Aphu füy„ R>¡.

lTfs hgu Aö (A.k.)_u B_pes\u Ap QQp®_u iê$ApsL$fuA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ L$v$d L$v$d D`f s¡d_p dpN®v$i®__u v$fMpõs L$fuA¡R>uA¡.

aBßL$ L$fudy_ d¡_g Ahgpv$ug L¡$fpd.

Tuepfs_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ :Äepf¡ dp¡Adu_ lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs_p¡

Bfpv$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡, s¥epfu yfu \B Q|L$u R>¡, lh¡ Tuepfs dpV¡$ dykpafuL$fhp_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ Bdpd S>Aaf kpv$uL$ (A.k.) afdph¡ R>¡L¡$ : ""Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgd¡ Ad|L$ dgpA¡L$pAp¡_¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u L$b° D`f _½$u L$ep® R>¡. Äepf¡ L$p¡B Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _uTuepfs_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ Myv$p s¡_p Ny_plp¡_¡ dpa L$fu v¡$ R>¡,Äepf¡ `N D`pX¡$ R>¡ Ðepf¡ Ny_plp¡_p¡ _pi L$f¡ R>¡. s¡_u _¡L$uAp¡dp„h^pfp¡ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ Ðep„ ky u h^pfp¡ L$fsp¡ fl¡ R>¡ Äep„ ky u s¡ S>ßs_¡gpeL$ b_u Åe R>¡.''

(hkpA¡gyg dp¡rlåbu_, `p. 280)

Tuepfs_u dykpafu_p kde¡ Tuepfs_y„ Nyõg :""Äepf¡ L$p¡B Tuepfs_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_u r_èes\u Nyõg

L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) s¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ : A¡ A‰pl_pdl¡dp_p¡! sd_¡ A¡ hps_u Myi Mbf \pe L¡$ sd¡ S>ßsdp„ dpfukp\¡ lip¡.''

lTfs Audê$g dp¡Ad¡_u_ (A.k.) s¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ : lz„ Ådu_\pD„ Ry>„ L¡$ sdpfu lpS>sp¡ `yfu \i¡ vy$r_ep A_¡ ApM¡fs_u bgpAp¡

27

sdpfp\u v|$f \i¡.s¡ `R>u lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A_¡ lTfs Aduê$g

dp¡Ad¡_u_ (A.k.) S>dZu A_¡ X$pbu bpSy>A¡ s¡_y„ fnZ L$f¡ R>¡Ðep„ kyû L¡$ s¡ `p¡sp_p Of¡ `pR>p¡ Aphu Åe.(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 133, b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 101, `p. 147, l. 36)

1) lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A¡ lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_(A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_¡ Myv$p_p dl¡dp_ L$üp R>¡ A_¡ L¡$d _ lp¡e.Tuepfs¡ hpf¡kpdp„ bfpbf Ap `X$uA¡ R>uA¡ : ""Aõkgpdp¡ AgèL$ep kpf‰pl'' A_¡ Myv$p d¡Tbp_ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ `p¡sp_p dl¡dp_p¡_¡iy„ _l] Ap ¡.

2) Tìhpf_¡ _ sp¡ dpÓ S>ßs_u MyiMbf Ap`hpdp„ Aphuflu R>¡ bëL¡$ lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) _u kp\¡ fl¡hp_u `ZMyiMbfu Ap`hpdp„ Aphu flu R>¡ A_¡ v¡$Musy„ R>¡ L¡$ S>ßsdp„ lTfsfkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) _p¡ v$fˆ>p¡ kp¥\u JQp¡ li¡.

3) lTfs Agu (A.k.) s¡ hps_u Ådu_Nufu gB füp R>¡L¡$ s¡_u lpS>sp¡ `yfu \i¡ A_¡ L¡$d _ Ådu_Nufu g¡ s¡ dpV¡$ sp¡ dyíL$ugLy$ip R>¡ S>.

4) lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A_¡ lTfs Agu (A.k.)s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p fnZdp„ gB g¡i¡.

dykpafu_p¡ kpdp_ s¥epf L$fsu hMs¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) d¡ Äepf¡ Åbuf¡ Å¡Aau_¡

`yR>ey„ : sdpfu A_¡ lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u L$b° hÃQ¡L¡$V$gy„ A„sf R>¡?

AfS> L$fu : dpfp dp - bp` Ap` D`f Ly$fbp_ - A¡L$ qv$hkA\hp s¡_p\u \p¡Xy„$ Ap¡Ry>„ A„sf R>¡.

afdpìey„ : iy„ sd¡ s¡d_u Tuepfs dpV¡$ Åh R>p¡?AfS> L$fu : lpafdpìey„ : iy„ lz„ sd_¡ MyiMbf _ Ap`y„ A_¡ s¡_p khpb_u

hps L$fu_¡ sd_¡ Myi _ L$ê„$?

29

Sy>v$u Sy>v$u qfhpesp¡dp„ aqfíspAp¡_u Sy>v$u Sy>v$u k„¿ep gMhpdp„Aphu R>¡ s¡_y„ L$pfZ L$v$pQ Ap lp¡e.

1) Ap saphs Tìhpf_u r_èes A_¡ r_Mpgksp k„b„^¡ lp¡e.r_èes S>¡V$gu h^y r_Mpgk s¡V$gp¡S> aqfíspAp¡_u k„¿epdp„ h^pfp¡li¡.

2) Ap k„¿ep Tuepfs_p Mpk kde A„N¡ lp¡e S>¡d L¡$ L$p¡BAfap (9 TuëlS>) _p qv$hk¡ Tuepfs dpV¡$ Åe Ðepf¡ A¡L$ Mpkk„¿ep kp\¡ li¡ A_¡ AfbB__u Tuepfsdp„ Åe Ðepf¡ arfíspAp¡_uA¡L$ h y k„¿ep kp\¡ li¡. L$pfZL¡$ fapAp_u qfhpes Afap_pqv$hk_u Tuepfs_p A_yk„^p_dp„ gMhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

3) Ap k„¿ep_p¡ saphs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u dAf¡as A„N¡R>¡. Tìhpf_p qv$gdp„ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u S>¡V$gu dAf¡as A_¡dp¡låbs li¡ s¡V$gp¡ h^pfp¡ aqfíspAp¡_u k„¿epdp„ \i¡. fapAp_uqfhpesdp„ "Apf¡a_ b¡l½¡$l' _u hps `Z gMu R>¡.

4) Tìhpf_p QpqfÔe_p A„N¡ lp¡e. L$pfZL¡$ Ap qfhpesdp„dAf¡as_u kp\¡ Ap hps_u `Z QQp® L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡ L¡$ s¡Arcdp_u _ lp¡e. Tuepfs_u shauL$ Od„X$ - Nh® A_¡ Arcdp__pL$pfZ¡ _ lp¡e bëL¡$ Ap sp¥auL$ _d°sp A_¡ rh_edp„ qfZdhu Å¡BA¡.

Ap\u õ`ô$ \B Åe R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u TuepfsdpÓ Ny_plp¡\u `pL$uTNu_y„ L$pfZ b_¡ R>¡ A¡V$gy„ S> _rl bëL¡$ Mfpbk„õL$pfp¡ A_¡ Mfpb Apv$sp¡dp„ `Z ky^pfZp L$fu v¡$ R>¡.

Äepf¡ k|fS>_u Nfdu Akf L$f¡ R>¡ :kahp_ S>çdpg¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)\u Ap

qfhpes L$fu R>¡ : Äepf¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpf_p D`fk|e®_p qL$fZp¡ `X¡$ R>¡ sp¡ s¡ s¡_p Ny_plp¡_¡ A¡hu fus¡ Msd L$fu v¡$R>¡ S>¡hu fus¡ ApN gpL$X$p_¡ MpB Åe R>¡. k|fS> s¡_p ifuf D`fL$p¡B Ny_pl bpL$u _\u fpMsp¡. Äepf¡ s¡ `pR>p¡ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ L$p¡BNy_pl bpL$u _\u flu S>sp. A_¡ s¡_¡ s¡ v$fˆ>pAp¡ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡R>¡ S>¡ fpl¡ Myv$p_u fpldp„ M|_ hl¡hfph_pf_¡ `Z _\u dmsp¡.

32

Apìep R>¡, sd¡ A‰pl_p rNfp¡ldp„ - `ndp„ R>p¡ A_¡ s¡_p fkyg_p`ndp„ R>p¡ A_¡ fkyg_u A¡lg¡bès_p `ndp„ R>p¡. Myv$p_u L$kd sdpf¡ApN_p¡ kpd_p¡ _tl L$fhp¡ X¡$ A_¡ _ sp¡ sd_¡ ApN_p¡ õhpv$ QpMhp¡`X$i¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfs, `p. 134)

Tuepfs_u `R>u Äepf¡ `pR>p afhp_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ \pe R>¡ :

1) Myv$p_u sfa\u kgpd Aph¡ R>¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)_u A¡L$ qfhpesdp„ R>¡ :

"Tìhpf Äepf¡ Tuepfs L$ep® `R>u hs_ `pR>p afhp_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ L$f¡R>¡ Ðepf¡ A¡L$ aqfísp¡ s¡_u `pk¡ lp¡e A_¡ s¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ "lz„ sdpfpMyv$p_u sfa\u k„v$¡ip¡ gB_¡ Apìep¡ R>y„, Myv$p sd_¡ kgpd L$l¡ R>¡A_¡ afdph¡ R>¡ L¡$ d¢ sdpfp sdpd ANpD_p Ny_plp¡_¡ dpa L$fu v$u^pR>¡ lh¡ _h¡kf\u Adg iê$ L$fp¡.'

(As-slTub, cpN - 6, `p. 43, hkpA¡g, cpN - 10, `p. 342)

2) _buA¡ L$fud (k.A.h.) sfa\u kgpd Aph¡ R>¡ :lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) sfa\u A¡L$ aqfísp¡ Aph¡ R>¡

A_¡ Ap k„v¡$ip¡ `lp¢QpX¡$ R>¡ : lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A¡sd_¡ kgpd L$üp R>¡ A_¡ afdph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgd¡ sdpfpsdpd ANpD_p Ny_plp¡ dpa L$fu v$u^p R>¡ A_¡ lh¡ afu\u Adgiê$ L$fp¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps `p. 132)

3) Æb°Bg, duL$pBg A_¡ Bkfpaug kp\¡ kp\¡ lp¡e R>¡:kahp_ bu_ lfp_ S>çdpg_u qfhpes R>¡ : lTfs Bdpd

S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) d¡ afdpìey„, S>¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _uL$b°_u Tuepfs L$fhp Åe R>¡ A_¡ s¡_u r_èes r_Mpgk lp¡e R>¡Ðepf¡ Æb°Bg duL$pBg A_¡ Bkfpaug s¡_u kp\¡ kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡ Ðep„kyû L¡$ s¡ Of¡ `pR>p¡ Aphu Åe R>¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfs , `p. 145, b¡.A. cpN - 101, `p. 20)

30

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 298, b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 101, `p. 15,l. 14)

Äepf¡ `ku_p¡ _uL$m¡ R>¡ A_¡ \pL$ gpN¡ R>¡ :Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgd lTfs Bdpd lyk¥_ (A.k.) _p Tììpfp¡_p

`ku_p_p v$f¡L$ V$u`p\u 70 lÅf dgpA¡L$p_¡ `¡v$p L$f¡ R>¡ S>¡ Myv$p_usõbul L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$epds_u khpf kyû Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_p Tìhpfp¡ dpV¡$ Bõs¡Napf L$f¡ R>¡.

(dyõsv$fL$, cpN - 2, `p. 204)

Äepf¡ Of¡\u `N blpf L$pY¡$ R>¡ :Äepf¡ Tìhpf Of¡\u `N blpf L$pY¡$ R>¡ Ðepf¡ S>¡ S>¡ hõsy D`f

s¡_p¡ `N `X¡$ R>¡ s¡ hõsy s¡_p dpV¡$ v$p¡Ap L$f¡ R>¡. (b¡.A., cpN101, `p. 15, l. 14, - L$p.Tu. `p. 134) Äepf¡ khpfu`f b¡ku Tuepfs dpV¡$ Åe R>¡ Ðepf¡ khpfu_p v$f¡L$ L$v$d `f A¡L$_¡L$u Asp L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ A¡L$ Ny_pl dpa L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.(khpbyg AAdpg `p. 116) buÆ A¡L$ fuhpesdp„ l. Bdpdkpv$uL$ (A.k.) afdph¡ R>¡, Adpfp¡ L$p¡B`Z iuep Bdpd lzk¥_(A.k.)_u Tuepfs dpV$¡ Åe R>¡ s¡ `pR>p¡ _\u afsp¡ Ðep„ kyûL¡$ s¡_p b^p Ny_pl dpa _ \B Åe. A¡L$ A¡L$ `Ngp `f 1000_¡L$uAp¡ gMpe R>¡ A_¡ 1000 Ny_pl dpa \pe R>¡. lÅf lpS>syfu \pe R>¡.(b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, l. 101, `p. 25, l. 26, L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfs `p. 134)

_¡lf¡ azfpsdp„ Nyõg L$fsu hMs¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)_¡ A¡L$ dpZk¡ `yR>ey„ :

Å¡ L$p¡B _¡lf¡ azfpsdp„ Nyõg L$fu_¡ `R>u Tuepfs dpV¡$ Åe sp¡ s¡_¡iy„ khpb dmi¡?

Bdpd afdpìey„, Å¡ L$p¡B _¡lf¡ ayfpsdp„ Nyõg L$fu_¡ TuepfsdpV$¡ Åe sp¡ s¡_p N_ypl A¡hu fus¡ ^p¡hpB Åe R>¡ S>¡hu fus¡ s¡ldZp„ s¡_u dp_p `¡V$dp„\u S>Þçep¡ lp¡e.

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 185, b¡.A. cpN - 101, `p. 145)

31

Nyõg L$fu_¡ Tuepfs dpV¡$ `N¡ Qpgu_¡ S>hp_p kde¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) d¡ biuf v$llp__¡

afdpìey„ Å¡ sdpfpdp„\u L$p¡B _¡lf¡ azfpsdp„ Nyõg L$fu_¡ Bdpd lzk¥_(A.k.)_u dAf¡as_u kp\¡ s¡d_u Tuepfs dpV¡$ Åe sp¡ s¡_p A¡L$A¡L$ `Ngp `pX$hp A_¡ A¡L$ A¡L$ `N JQp¡ L$fhp dpV¡$ kp¡ L$byg\A¡gu lS> A_¡ kp¡ `pL$ Ddfp A_¡ _bu_u kp\¡ kp¡ gX$pBdp„ cpNg¡hp_p¡ khpb Ap`hpdp„ Aphi¡.

(L$p.Tu. `p. 185)

dgpA¡L$p õhpNs L$f¡ R>¡ :Apbp_ bu_ sågN¡ Bdpd S>Aaf¡ kpqv$L$ (A.k.) \u qfhpes

L$fu R>¡, Bdpd (A.k.) d¡ afdpìey„ : Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u`rhÓ L$b° D`f Qpf lÅf aqfíspAp¡ R>¡, S>¡d_p dp\pAp¡ D`f^|m R>¡ s¡ L$epds_u khpf kyû fX$sp fl¡i¡. s¡Ap¡_p¡ A¡L$ kfv$pfR>¡ S>¡_y„ _pd "dÞkyf' R>¡. Äepf¡ L$p¡B Tìhpf Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs dpV¡$ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ Ap aqfísp s¡_y„ õhpNs L$f¡ R>¡.

(L$pau, cpN - 4, `p. 581)

aqfíspAp¡ dpÓ _¡L$uAp¡ gM¡ R>¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf¡ kpqv$L$ (A.k.) d¡ Agu bu_ dedy_

Ak-kpA¡N_¡ afdpìey„ : Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$fp¡A_¡ s¡ sL®$ _ L$fp¡.

fphuA¡ yR>ey„ L¡$ Å¡ L$p¡B Tuepfps dpV¡$ Åe sp¡ s¡_¡ iy„ khpbdmi¡?

Ap`¡ afdpìey„ : Å¡ L$p¡B `N¡ Qpgu_¡ S>i¡ sp¡ v$f¡L$ `Ng¡ s¡_pdpV¡$ A¡L$ _¡L$u gMhpdp„ Aphi¡ A_¡ A¡L$ v$fˆ>p¡ Asp L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.Äepf¡ s¡ Ðep„ `lp¢Qi¡ Ðepf¡ Myv$p s¡_p dpV¡$ b¡ aqfísp_¡ r_di¡ S>¡s¡_u _¡L$Ap¡_¡ gMsp fl¡i¡ `f„sy s¡_u byfpBAp¡ gMi¡ _lu. buÆL$p¡B bpbs `Z _lu gM¡. Äepf¡ s¡ `pR>p¡ af¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡_¡ rhv$peL$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ : A¡ A‰pl_p hgu! sdpfp Ny_pl dpa L$fhpdp„

33

4) kpskp¡ dgpA¡L$pAp¡ s¡_¡ rhv$pe L$f¡ R>¡ :lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) afdph¡ R>¡ : Äepf¡ dpZk

Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs_u r_èes\u `p¡sp_p Of¡\u _uL$m¡R>¡ Ðepf¡ D`f, S>dZ¡, X$pb¡, ApNm `pR>m\u kpskp¡ dgpA¡L$p s¡_ukp\¡ kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡. Ðep„ ky u L¡$ s¡ `p¡sp_p õ\p_¡ `lp¢Qu Åe R>¡A_¡ Äepf¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ A¡L$dy_pv$u `p¡L$pf¡ R>¡, Myv$pA¡ sd_¡ dpa L$fu v$u^p R>¡ lh¡ _h¡kf\uAdg_u iê$Aps L$fp¡. `pR>p afsu hMs¡ s¡_u kp\¡ s¡_p Of kyûAph¡ R>¡ A_¡ Of¡ `lp¢Qu_¡ s¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ Ad¡ sd_¡ Myv$p_¡ kp¢ uA¡R>uA¡ A_¡ Äep„ kyû Æhsp fl¡ R>¡ Ðep„ kyû s¡_u Tuepfs L$fspfl¡ R>¡ A_¡ v$ffp¡S> Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs L$fsp fl¡ R>¡A_¡ v$ffp¡S> Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u Tuepfs L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p¡khpb s¡ dpZk_p Apdpg_pdpdp„ gMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfs, `p. 190)

(5-6-7) rbdpfudp„ Mbf `|R>hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ - S>_pTp_ukp\¡ fl¡ R>¡ - BõsuNapf L$f¡ R>¡ :

Å¡ L$p¡B Tìhpf rbdpf \B Åe sp¡ v$ffp¡S> khpf kp„S> s¡_uMbf |R>¡ R>¡ A_¡ Å¡ s¡ d©Ðey `pd¡ sp¡ s¡_p S>_pTpdp„ lpS>f fl¡R>¡ A_¡ L$epds_u khpf kyû s¡_p dpV$¡ Ny_plp¡_u dpau dpN¡ R>¡A_¡ Ap kp¥ lTfs Bdpd dlv$u (A.k.) _p Ål¡f \hp_u fplSy>A¡ R>¡. - Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)_u qfhpes

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfs `p. 192)

8) v$fhpÅ D`f Dcp flu_¡ sõbul L$f¡ R>¡ :Äepf¡ dgpA¡L$p Tììppf_¡ s¡_p Of kyû `pR>p `lp¢QX$u v¡$ R>¡

Ðepf¡ Myv$p_u bpfNpldp„ AfS> L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ `fhfqv$Npf spfp¡ Ap b„v$p¡spfp _bu_p afTÞv$_u Tuepfs L$fu_¡ p¡sp_p Of¡ kgpdrs\u lp¢QuNep¡. lh¡ Ad¡ ¼ep„ S>BA¡? Apkdp_dp„\u s¡Ap¡_p dpV¡$ A¡L$ AhpS>Aph¡ R>¡: ""A¡ dpfp dgpA¡L$pAp¡, dpfp b„v$p_p v$fhpÅ D`f Dcp

36

lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u

Tuepfs_u ifsp¡

Tuepfs_¡ ùv$e_y„ kp„Ðh_, AL$uv$s A_¡ dp¡låbs_¡ âv$ri®sL$fhp_u fus¡ A_¡ ApM¡fs_u dy[¼s_p dpÝed_u L$ë`_p L$fhpdp„Aphu R>¡. dp_h-Brslpkdp„ Ap Adg Bõgpd_p Brslpk_u kp\¡kp\¡ Qpg¡ R>¡. Ðep„ kyû L¡$ dTlbdp„ _ dp_hphpmp kdpS>dp„ `ZTuepfs_p¡ qfhpS> L$p¡B_¡ L$p¡B âL$pf¡ Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡. s¡\u Apfbp¡ `ZAp fus qfhpS>\u Argá _\u. Aop_sp_p eyNdp„ `Z gp¡L$p¡ L$AbpA_¡ s¡_u qv$hpgp¡ D`f b_ph¡gp kp¡_p_p lfZ_¡ `rhÓ kdÆ_¡s¡_u Tuepfs dpV$¡$ Aphsp. Äepf¡ fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) dv$u_A¡dy_ìhfp\u d½$pA¡ dyL$f®dp lS>_p A¡lL$pd Av$p L$fhp dpV¡$ sifuagB S>sp„ sp¡ `pR>p afsu hMs¡ `p¡sp_p dpv$f¡ Nufpdu S>_pb¡Apd¡_p_u L$bf D`f lpS>fu Ap`sp A_¡ A¡hy„ ¼epf¡e _lp¡sy„ bÞeyL¡$ Ap` A¡ L$bf_u Tuepfs L$ep® hNf dv$u_p `pR>p aep® lp¡e.L$Abp_u _Tv$uL$ dõÆvy$g lfpddp„ dL$pd¡ Bb°plud (A.k.) R>¡.Äep„ lpÆAp¡ b¡ fL$As _dpT `X¡$ R>¡ A_¡ Ðep„S> Ap`_p `N_ur_ip_u R>¡ S>¡_¡ kyfrns L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡ A_¡ s¡_u D`f A¡L$ _p_y„QZsf L$fu g¡hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡, S>¡ sdpd dy[õgd Dçds D`f L$epdskyû TuepfsNpl b_u fl¡i¡. Afaps A_¡ du_p s¡ Tuepfs_p õ\mp¡R>¡ Äep„ lpÆ kpl¡bp¡ hfkdp„ A¡L$ hMs c¡Np \pe R>¡. Ðep„ S>¡Tuepfs_u âq¾$ep dykgdp_p¡_u Dçds dpV¡$ _½$u L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡,Ap`Z¡ s¡_¡ d_prkL¡$ lˆ>_p _pd\u epv$ L$fuA¡ R>uA¡. epv$ fpMp¡L¡$ du_p A_¡ Afaps_u Tdu_ ApMy hfk r_S>®_ fl¡ R>¡. du_pdp„ÓZ qv$hk dpV¡$ A_¡ Afaps_p dev$p_dp„ A¡L$ qv$hk dpV¡$ hõsulp¡e R>¡, S>¡ lpÆ Ap Tuepfs_p õ\mp¡dp„ S>¡V$gu `mp¡ `kpf L$f¡R>¡ s¡_p dpV¡$ Ad|L$ ifsp¡ `yfu L$fhu s¡ lfd_p v$f¡L$ Tìhpf_u afS>R>¡. A_¡ s¡_p\u Argá _\u flu iL$sp¡. rlS>fs\u `l¡gp S>_pb¡epkuf (f.A.) A_¡ kp¡dèep (f.A.) _u ilpv$sp¡A¡ s¡d_p v$a__p

34

flp¡ A_¡ sõbul L$fsp flp¡ A_¡ Äep„ ky u dpfp¡ b„v$p¡ Æh¡ Ðep„kyû s¡_p¡ khpb Tìhpf_p Apdpg-_pdpdp„ gMsp flp¡.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 208, b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 101, `p. 164)

Myv$p Myv$ ê$l L$åT L$f¡ R>¡ :Åbuf Å¡'auA¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.) \u

qfhpes L$fu R>¡ : Äepf¡ Tìhpf Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u TuepfsL$fu_¡ `pR>p¡ L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ Apkdp_dp„\u A¡L$ dy_pv$u `p¡L$pf¡ R>¡, Å¡sd¡ s¡_p¡ AhpS> kp„cmu g¡s¡ sp¡ l„d¡ip Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _uL$b° `pk¡ fl¡s¡, s¡ AhpS> Ap lp¡e R>¡ : s_¡ dybpfL$ \pe, s¡ OZp¡apev$p¡ d¡mìep¡, v$f¡L$ fus¡ klu kgpds b_u Nep¡. Myv$pA¡ spfpANpD_p Ny_plp¡ dpa L$fu v$u^p R>¡ lh¡ afu\u Adg iê$ L$f.

Å¡ Ap hj®dp„ L¡$ Ap fpÓ¡ s¡ d©Ðey `pd¡ sp¡ Myv$ Myv$phÞv¡$ Apgds¡_u ê$l L$åT L$f¡ R>¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 207, b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cpN - 101, `p. 164)

Ap A¡L$ dp¡V$p¡ dp¡AÆTp¡ R>¡ L¡$ Myv$p Myv$ b„v$p_u ê$l_¡ L$åTL$f¡ A_¡ Myv$ `p¡sp_u bpfNpldp„ gB Åe. Ap dp¡AÆTp¡ b„v$p_pìé[¼sNs NyZ_p L$pfZ¡ _rl `f„sy lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u Tuepfs_p¡ kv$L$p¡ R>¡.

Nyõg, L$a_ A_¡ v$a_dp„ dgpA¡L$p lpS>f fl¡ R>¡ :Bdpd dp¡lçdv$ bpL$uf (A.k.)_u fuhpesdp„ R>¡ : Å¡

Tuepfs_p hj®dp„ Tìhpf d©Ðey `pd¡ sp¡ fl¡ds_p aqfíspAp¡ s¡_pNyõg A_¡ L$a_dp„ lpS>f fl¡ R>¡. s¡_p dpV¡$ B[õsNapf L$f¡ R>¡. L$b°ky u s¡_p S>_pTpdp„ kp\¡ fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_u L$b° _S>f `lp¢Q¡ Ðep„kyû `lp¡mu A_¡ rhipm \B Åe R>¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps, `p. 143, b¡lpê$g AÞhpf, cp. - 101, `p. 18)

Ap`¡ Å¡ey„ L¡$ Å¡ L$p¡B dpZk r_Mpgk r_èes\u Bdpd lzk¥_(A.k.) _u Tuepfs_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡, dykpafu_u iê$Aps L$f¡ R>¡,A¡L$ `R>u A¡L$ õ\mp¡ `kpf L$fu_¡ L$fbgp `lp¢Q¡ R>¡, Tuepfs L$f¡

35

R>¡, `pR>p¡ Aph¡ R>¡ sp¡ v$f¡L$ sb½¡$ A_¡ v$f¡L$ L$v$d D`f s¡_¡ L¡$hpL¡$hp B_pdp¡ A_¡ L¡$hp L¡$hp dp¡AÆTpAp¡\u _hpS>hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

Ap sp¡ dpÓ L$b°_u d„Tug kyû_u hps R>¡. bfTMdp„, dl¡if_pd¡v$p_dp„, `yg¡ k¡fps D`f, S>ßsdp„....... Tìhpf_¡ L$B L$BhõsyAp¡\u _hpS>hpdp„ Aphi¡ A_¡ L¡$V$gp¡ bv$gp¡ A_¡ khpbAp`hpdp„ Aphi¡. Å¡ Myv$pA¡ shauL$ Apù A_¡ Bdpd¡ Tdp_p_udl¡fbp_uAp¡_u kp\¡, Ap`_u v$p¡ApAp¡_p¡ s¡dp„ Dd¡fp¡ \i¡ sp¡ lh¡`R>u s¡_u QQp® L$fiy„.

Myv$p_u bpfNpldp„ v$p¡Ap R>¡ L¡$ Myv$p Ap`Z_¡ kp¥_¡ cf yfr_Mpgk r_èes A_¡ DÃQ L$np_u dAf¡as kp\¡ lTfs Bdpdlzk¥_ (A.k.) _u `rhÓ L$b°_u Tuepfs_u sL$ Ap`¡ A_¡ hpf„hpfAp`¡. A_¡ L$fbgp_p irlv$p¡_u S>¡d Ap`Z_¡ kp¥_¡ `Z Ap`ZpTdp_p_p Bdpd lTfs Bdpd dlv$u (A.k.) _u hapv$pfu A_¡Muv$ds L$fhp_u, s¡d_¡ Myi L$fhp_u, A_¡ s¡d_u lpS>fudp„ s¡d_psfa\u S>¡lpv$ L$fhp_u A_¡ iluv$ \hp_u Myi _kubu A`®Z L$f¡.Apdu_.....

37

õ\m¡ `pL$ A_¡ `rhÓsp_p \p„cgp `f L$pedu TuepfsNpl bp„ûR>¡. bÖ_p irlv$p¡_u L$bfp¡ s¡_p _|f_u kp\¡ v$f¡L$ lpÆ A_¡ Tìhpf_y„Ýep_ s¡_p sfa ApL$rj®s L$f¡ R>¡. Ap¡lv$_y„ NÞS>¡ iluv$p ApS>¡ `ZrTepfs_y„ L¡$ÞÖ b_¡gy„ R>¡. S>_pb¡ ldTp_u L$bf ApS>¡ `Z Ap¡lv$_p`lpX$ A_¡ \fpm sm¡V$u hÃQ¡ _|f QdL$phu flu R>¡. V|„$L$dp„ Tuepfs_p¡qfhpS> Bõgpd_p Dv$e\u kv$uAp¡ iy„ bëL¡$ lTfs Apv$d (A.k.)A¡ `p¡sp_p `N Ap S>du_ D`f d|¼ep s¡ qv$hk\u Ap fõd_u `f„`fpiê$ \B NB. rTepfs_u `pR>m_y„ L$pfZ Qp¡½$k fus¡ L$p¡B dlp_l¡sy A_¡ apev$pAp¡ hpmy lp¡e R>¡, Ðepf¡S> qfhpesp¡dp„ s¡_p bpfpdp„spL$uv$ A_¡ ApN°l L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. rTepfs dpV¡$ âhpk A_¡afhp dpV¡$ A\hp l¡sy hNf_u V|$f_u L$ë`_p L$fhu s¡ p¡sp_u A½$g_uMpdu A\hp rhQpfiugsp_u nrs rkhpe buSy„ L$iy„ _\u. A_¡ Äepf¡L$p¡B l¡sy kpd¡ lp¡e R>¡ sp¡ s¡_p r_edp¡ A_¡ ifsp¡ `Z kdpS> A_¡kde_p¡ ¿epg fpMu _½$u L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. v$pMgp sfuL¡$ Ad|L$gp¡L$p¡ ùf A\hp Ahguep_u L$bf `f lpS>f \pe R>¡ Ðepf¡A¡ls¡fpd_u Örô$\u dp\p D`f ê$dpg bp„û g¡ R>¡, Å¡X$p blpf Dspfuv¡$ R>¡. A_¡ p¡sp_¡ dp_rkL$ fus¡ s¥epf L$fu g¡ R>¡ A_¡ Ðepf¡S> TuepfsdpV¡$ `p¡sp_u AL$uv$s A_¡ dp¡låbs âv$ri®s L$f¡ R>¡. Ap A¡L$ kpdpÞeq_ed R>¡. Ap bû bpbsp¡ Tuepfs L$fhp_p õ\mp¡A¡ âQrgs R>¡.AgbÑ, A¡L$ rhriô$sp A_¡ A`hpv$ lTfs kfL$pf¡ kèevy$íip¡lv$pAfhplp¡_p auv$pdp„ Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡, s¡ rhriô$sp A_¡ A`hpv$ AÞeDÃQ i¿kuèesp¡_u Tuepfsdp„ Å¡hp dmsp _\u. L$fbgp_u kp¥\uh^y vy$:M A„N¡T OV$_p b_u s¡_p\u blzS> `l¡gp s¡ Tuepfs_y„A[õsÐh Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡ `R>u cg¡ s¡_y„ õhê$` bv$gpA¡gy„ L¡$d _ lp¡e.bëL¡$ Bdpd¡ dTgyd (A.k.)_p S>Þd_p kde¡S> s¡ `pL$uTp S>du__udpV$u_u Tuepfs Æb°Bg (A.k.) A¡ Myv$p_p lzL$d\u L$fphu A_¡bp-L$pev$p fkyg¡ AL$fd (k.A.h.) A¡ L$ë`p„s L$e¯y. õ`ô$ R>¡ L¡$lzk¥_ (A.k.) S>¡hp dpAkyd A_¡ kpg¡l Myv$p_p b„v$p_u Tuepfs_p¡A¡ls¡dpd Myv$ Myv$pA¡ ATTp¡ S>gpg_u Ly$v$fs_p lp\dp„ \ep¡ R>¡.

40

Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_u hps R>¡X$pB NB R>¡ sp¡ A¡ `ZÅZu gBA¡ ApMf Tuepfs_¡ ApV$gy„ b y„ dlÐh ip dpV¡$ Ap`hpdp„Apìey„ R>¡? s¡_u ANÐesp A_¡ apev$pAp¡ iy„ R>¡? Ap rhje D`f_uQQp®_¡ A„s ky u `lp¢QpX$u_¡ s¡_y„ `qfZpd d¡mhhy„ S>ê$fu R>¡. Å¡\p¡X$uhpf dpV¡$ A¡ dp_u g¡hpdp„ Aph¡ L¡$ Tuepfs_y„ L$p¡B dlÐh _\usp¡ `R>u iy„ \i¡? õ`ô$ R>¡ L¡$ b_ph dL$kv$ hNf_p¡ flu_¡ AX$ûkv$u_u A„v$f A„v$f cygphu v¡$hpdp„ Aphi¡. A_¡ dui_ A_¡ l¡sykde_u s¡S> ^pfp A_¡ sp¡ap_u hl¡Zdp„ hlu S>B_¡ AÖíe \B S>i¡.dpÓ Brslpk_p rhjedp„ A¡L$ âL$fZ b_u_¡ flu S>i¡. L$pfZ L¡$Tuepfs s¡ M|_\u cf`|f OV$_p_¡ Æh„s, `pepv$pf A_¡ spÆ fpM¡R>¡ s¡\u s¡_y„ dlÐh A_¡ apev$pAp¡_u AhNZ_p _\u \B iL$su.L$v$pQ A¡V$gp dpV¡$ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) A¡ `p¡sp_p _p_p_¡ `yR>éy„lsy„ L¡$ ""_p_p! Ap` dpfp Tìhpfp¡ dpV¡$ iy„ AÇ> _½$u L$fp¡ R>p¡?''Ap`¡ afdpìey„ : ""A¡L$ lS>_p¡ khpb''. L$fbgpdp„ irlv$ \hphpmpirlv¡$ ApTd, ""bk?'' L$lu Q|` \B Nep. fkyg¡ AL$fd(k.A.h.) A¡ hps ÓZ lS> kyû ApNm h^pfu A_¡ Qy` \BNep. Bdpd lzk¥_¡ (A.k.) `p¡sp_p ìlpgp dpv$f¡ Nufpdu sfa Å¡ey„.Ap`¡ hpev$p¡ L$ep£ : ""lz„ Ðep„ kyû S>ßsdp„ v$pMg _rl \pJ Äep„kyû sdpfp Tìhpfp¡_¡ v$pMg _ L$fu v$J.'' lˆ> A_¡ S>ßs A¡ bß¡sp¡ AL$uv$s A_¡ AAdpg_u dS>bys L$X$u R>¡. Ap rhjep¡_p¡ rkgrkgp¡sp¡ fkyg¡ AL$fd (k.A.h.)_u fukpgs_u såguN\u A¡hu fus¡Å¡X$pA¡gp¡ R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡B s¡_¡ Sy>v$p¡ _\u L$fu iL$sy„. S>ßs A¡ AL$uv$p_p¡Aqfkp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ dykgdp_p¡_p sdpd AAdpgp¡_¡ Bõgpd_p„ v$õsyf_uL$kp¡V$u D`f `pfMu_¡ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ lS> _byìhs_prkgrkgp_p A¡ Brslpk_¡ v$p¡lfph¡ R>¡ S>¡Z¡ Å¡f A_¡ Sy>ëd_ucX$L¡$gu Apsui¡ _dê$v$_p A„NpfpAp¡_¡ dl¡L$sp awgp¡dp„ bv$gu _p¿eplsp A_¡ Bb°plud (A.k.) _p afTÞv$ BõdpBg (A.k.) A¡d½$p_u s`su f¡sudp„ W„$X$p `pZu_¡ Tfp¡ hl¡sp¡ L$fu v$u^p¡ lsp¡. s¡\uA‰pl_u s¡ r_ip_uAp¡_p A¡ls¡fpd dpV¡$ Myv$phÞv¡$ dysApg_p _½$u

38

r_ròs fus¡ Tuepfs_y„ õ\m L$p¡B _ L$p¡B kh®î¡›$ byqÙey¼s Arcep_A\hp Bgplu dui__u `fu`|Z®sp\u k„b„^ ^fph¡ R>¡. ApS> Mpkk„b„ _¡ gu ¡ `f¡ip_ BÞkp_ dyíL¡$guAp¡ A_¡ `f¡ip_uAp¡\uNcfpB_¡ `p¡sp_u AL$uv$s A_¡ dp¡låbs_¡ âv$ri®s L$fu_¡, `p¡sp_u`f¡ip_uAp¡\u dy[¼s d¡mhhp dpV¡$, `p¡sp_u BÃR>pAp¡_u `|rs® dpV¡$,L$bf_p dprgL$_p hpõsp\u Myv$p_u bpfNpldp„ v$p¡Ap dpV¡$ lp\ a¡gph¡R>¡. sp¡ Apdp„ _ sp¡ L$p¡B A½$g_u nrs R>¡, A_¡ _ sp¡ Myv$p\uv|$f \hp S>¡hy„ R>¡ A\hp _ sp¡ kS>®__y„ kS>®L$ D`f dlÐh Ap`hp_y„Nydp_ \pe R>¡. Apsp¡ s¡d_u dp_rkL$ Akdp_sp_y„ âv$i®_ R>¡ S>¡Ap¡Ap dyõslb L$pe®_¡ buv$As L$lu füp R>¡.

rlS>fu k_ 61 dp¡lf®dyg lfpd_u v$kdu spfuM¡ fkyg(k.A.h.) _p ÆNf_p Vy$L$X$p Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _u A¡L$ dpÓs¡ Tps¡ Nufpdu_p¡ dfsbp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡Z¡ Brslpk_u s¡S> ^pfp_u qv$ipbv$gu _pMu, A_¡ lS>y sp¡ L$fbgp_¡ 50 hj®\u h^y dyØs_p¡ v$p¥fbpL$u R>¡, sp¡ Z ¼epf¡L$ ¼epf¡L$ dõÆv¡$ _bhudp„, ¼epf¡L$ Dçd¡ kgdp(f.A.) _p Ofdp„, ¼epf¡L$ Dçdyg dp¡Ad¡_u_ Apeip_p Ofdp„,¼epf¡L$ Aõlpbp¡ hÃQ¡ ilpv$s_u hps \pe R>¡ s¡_u kp\¡ lzk¥_(A.k.)_u L$bf_p Tìhpfp¡_p AS>f A_¡ bv$gp dmhp_y„ `Z hZ®_L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ Tuepfs L$fhp_u aTugsp¡ `Z bep_ L$fhpdp„Aph¡ R>¡. Myv$phÞv¡$ dp¡sApg_y„ L$p¡B L$pe® ìe\® _\u lp¡sy, s¡_p L$pddp„L$p¡B_¡ L$p¡B L$pfZ S>ê$f Ry>`pA¡gy„ lp¡e R>¡. Atl `Z ApV$gp¡ ip_v$pfâb„^, S>¡_u `pR>m `Z L$p¡B_¡ L$p¡B l¡sy S>ê$f kdpA¡gp¡ R>¡. `f„syAtl A¡hu L$B S>ê$fs Aphu `X$u L¡$ Dçd¡ kgdp (f.A.) _p Ofdp„âb„ \B füp¡ R>¡.

Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) lSy> bpëephõ\pdp„ R>¡ A_¡ S>_pb¡ aps¡dp(k.A.)_p Mp¡mpdp„ `p¡sp_p cpB lk_ (A.k.) _u kp\¡ b¡W$pR>¡. Æb°Bg Aph¡ R>¡, L$fbgp_p¡ âk„N bep_ L$f¡ R>¡, fkyg(k.A.h.) _p ÆNf_p¡ Vy$L$X$p¡ bubu bsyg A¡V$gp fX$¡ R>¡ L¡$ b¡lp¡i\B Åe R>¡. Ap`_¡ `pZu R>p„V$u_¡ lp¡idp„ gphhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. A_¡

39

s¡_p `R>u i¡lTpv$p Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.) _p Tìhpfp¡_p¡ bv$gp¡dmhp_u bpbs L$l¡ R>¡. A‰pl_p, s¡_p fkyg_p, fkyg_uAlg¡bès_p L$p¡B `Z L$pd Av$g A_¡ BÞkpa\u h¡Nmp _\u lp¡sp.Tìhpf_¡ Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) _p Of¡\u iy„ apev$p¡¡ dþep¡? iy„s¡ Tuepfs_y„ hmsf A_¡ khpb v$f¡L$ Tìhpf dpV¡$ kfMp¡ R>¡? Bbpv$sL$fhphpmp kpg¡l b„v$p A_¡ _ L$fhphpmp gp¡L$p¡ hÃQ¡ L$p¡B a¡f _\u?R>¡. A_¡ r_ròs fus¡ R>¡. âL©$rs_p rkÙp„s dyS>b "v¡$s¡ l¥ bpv$l,Tfa L$v$l ¿hpf v¡$M L$f.' iy„ A¡ i¼e R>¡ L¡$ A¡L$ ìe[¼s TuepfsdpV¡$ Nep¡ Tuepfs_p b^p A¡lL$pdp¡ bÅhu gpìep¡. A_¡ `pR>p¡ AphuNep¡, lh¡ Å¡ s¡ `l¡gp_u Æ„v$Nudp„ S>¡ fus¡ s¡ qv$_u S>hpbv$pfuAp¡dp„Nags L$fsp¡ lsp¡ A_¡ Tuepfs_u `R>u `Z s¡_u hs®Ï„L$dp„ L$p¡BâL$pf_y„ `qfhs®_ _ Aph¡ sp¡ A¡ L¡$hu fus¡ i¼e R>¡ L¡$ A¡ `R>u `Zs¡_¡ sdpd hmsf A¡L$ kpg¡l A_¡ _¡L$ L$pe® L$fhphpmp Tìhpf_ubfpbf dm¡? Ap hpsp¡ lL$uL$s\u AmNu A_¡ Ak„ch R>¡. bëL¡$S>¡hu fus¡ ìe[¼s s¡_u dl¡_s âdpZ¡ hmsf d¡mh¡ R>¡ s¡hu S> fus¡A¡L$ Tìhpf `Z Tuepfs_u `pbÞv$uAp¡_u dep®v$p dyS>b `p¡sp_y„ A¡L$õ\p_ Ap'dpg_u byr_epv$ D`f Dcy„ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ dyS>b s¡_¡ hmsfdm¡ R>¡. s¡ dep®v$pAp¡ `Z s¡S> kde¡ _½$u L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu L¡$Äepf¡ L$fbgp_u OV$_p b_hp_u `l¡gp lSy> AX$û kv$u\u h^y v|$f_y„A„sf lsy„, A_¡ s¡_u õ`ô$sp A_¡ rhNs kpqv$L$¡ Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$(A.k.) A¡ L$fbgp_u OV$_p_u A¡L$ kv$u `R>u L$fu. dõÆv¡$ _bhuA\hp Dçd¡ kgdp (f.A.) _p¡ âk„N b^p ÅZ¡ R>¡. Ap L$p¡B hpsp®_\u f„sy Mf¡Mf Ap âk„N bÞep¡ lsp¡. Äepf¡ eNçbf (k.A.h.)_p Ofdp„ S>_pb¡ aps¡dp (k.A.) lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u kp\¡ `p¡sp_pbpbp_p Ofdp„ sifua gpìep lsp, s¡ hMs¡ Æb°Bg Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡L$fbgp_p b_ph_u Mbf k„cmph¡ R>¡¡. S>_pb¡ Tlfp (k.A.) kMsfus¡ fX¡$ R>.¡ S>_pb¡ fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) _p¡ Mp¡mp¡ Ap„kyAp¡\usf \B Åe R>¡.

Æb°Bg Adu_ Qpëep Åe R>¡ A_¡ fX$hp_p¡ rkgrkgp¡ `|fp¡\pe R>¡ A_¡ hps du‰s¡ iuep_p ^X$L$sp qv$gp¡ kyû `lp¢Qu. Äepf¡

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L$f¡gp L$pev$p L$p_y_, ifsp¡ A_¡ rkÙp„sp¡_u AhNZ_p L$f_pfp A\hpcygu S>_pfpAp¡_¡ s¡ Ddv$p A_¡ DÃQsd sp¥auL$ps ¼epf¡e âpá _lu\i¡. A¡ hpsp¡ S>¡ dõÆv¡$ _bhudp„ A‰pl_p fkyg (k.A.h.) A¡Tuepfs L$f_pfpAp¡ dpV¡ AÇ>_p rkgrkgpdp„ bep_ L$fu lsu A¡V$g¡L¡$ AÇ>_¡ fkyg (k.A.h.) `p¡sp_u ÓZ lˆ>p¡_p khpb_u bfpbf_½$u L$fu lsu s¡_u õ`ô$sp A_¡ rhNsp¡ fkyg¡ AL$fd (k.A.h.)_p afTÞv$ kpqv$L¡$ dp¡lçdv$ (A.k.) A¡ afdphu S>¡\u rTepfs¡ Bdpdlzk¥_ (A.k.) _p Apv$pb, riô$sp A_¡ dlÐhsp Ýep_dp„ fl¡. ApApv$pb_u b¡ dõg¡lsp¡_¡ (fpT_¡) hZ®hhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. A¡L$ sp¡ A¡L¡$ Tuepfs_u ifsp¡ D`f Adg L$fhphpmp¡ Arsiep¡[¼s_p¡ riL$pf_ b_u Åe A_¡ sp¡ldsp¡ (BëTpdp¡) s¡_p dS>bys `„Å\u s¡_¡v$bphu _ v¡$. buSy>„ A¡ L¡$ hpÆbps_p dlÐh kp\¡ kfMpdZu A_¡¼epk (`p¡sp_u dfÆ\u A\®OV$_ L$fhy„) iê$ _ \B Åe.

Aphp¡ Ap ifsp¡ D`f Z A¡L$ DX$su _S>f a¡fhuA¡. S>¡_¡ afTÞv¡$fkyg (k.A.h.) Bdpd S>Aaf¡ kpqv$L$ (A.k.) A¡ bep_ L$fu R>¡.S>¡\u rhfp¡ûAp¡ A_¡ V$uL$pL$pfp¡ s¡_u lv$p¡_¡ sp¡X$u _ iL¡$. dp¡lçdv$bu_ dy[õgd fphu L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ A¡L$ qv$hk¡ d¢ Bdpd kpqv$L$ (A.k.)A_¡ AfS> L$fu : "iy„ Ad¡ Ap`_p S>v¹$_u Tuepfs L$fhphpmp, A¡hufus¡ R>uA¡ S>¡hu fus¡ lS> dpV¡$ Nep lp¡e?' lTfs¡ S>hpbdp„ afdpìey„,""lp.'' d¢ afu AfS> L$fu ""dp¥gp! s¡ r_edp¡ S>¡ lpÆAp¡ D`f afS>\pe R>¡ s¡ Ap`_p S>v¹$_u Tuepfs L$fhphpmpAp¡_¡ `Z gpNy `X¡$R>¡?'' Ap`¡ `yR>éy„ : ""sd¡ L$B Örô$\u Ap khpg L$fu füp R>p¡?''d¢ S>hpbdp„ AfS> L$fu ""A¡ Örô$\u L¡$ S>¡ afÅ¡ lpÆAp¡ dpV¡$ lˆ>_pkde dpV¡$ Mpk R>¡.'' Bdpd¡ Ad|L$ ifsp¡_u spAgud Apù.

(1) A¡L$ Tìhpf_u afS> R>¡ L¡$ s¡ kl-âhpkuAp¡ kp\¡ _¡L$ucey hs®_ L$f¡. Tìhpf_p kl-âhpku `Z Tìhpf lp¡e R>¡. ApA¡L$ A¡hp¡ Adg R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ dp_h kdpS>_p„ DÃQsp A_¡ ìe[¼sÐhdp„M¢QpZ DÐ`ß L$f¡ R>¡. Ap V|„$L$p¡ kp\ Äepf¡ A¡L$ buÅ kp\¡ _¡L$L$pep£ dpV¡$ s¥epf \pe R>¡ sp¡ s¡_u âL©$rs s¡ _¡L$u_p bubpdp„ Y$mhp

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B‰‰plp¡'' L$gdp¡ Afb_u c|du\u rhv$pe \B füp¡ lsp¡. Ap lzk¥_(A.k.) `p¡sp_u bû Bgplu i[¼s kp\¡ L$gdp_u R>psu kpd¡ Y$pgb_u Nep A_¡ s¡ f¡spm c|du D`f `p¡sp_p gp¡lu_u ^pf\u""gpA¡gpl B‰‰pl''_p¡ _L$ip¡ L„$BL$ A¡hu fus gMu v$u^p¡ L¡$ _dpÓ l„d¡i dpV¡$ bpL$u flu Nep¡ `f„sy s¡ _¼i Ap`Zu d|[¼s_y„ kp^_b_u Nep¡.

_L$i¡ B‰‰pl bf klfp _rhísksf¡ DÞhp_¡ _Ås¡- dp _rhís

(5) Tìhpf dpV¡$ S>ê$fu R>¡ L¡$ lfddp„ v$pMg \sp„ `l¡gp NyõgL$f¡. Ap Nyõg A¡ r_èes_u kp\¡ L$f¡ L¡$ lz„ Nyõg L$ê„$ Ry>„ Bdpd lyk¥_(A.k.) _p lfddp„ S>hp dpV¡$ Ly$fbs_ A¡g‰pl.

A¡L$ klpbu kahp_ S>dpg¡ Bdpd kpqv$L$ (A.k.) _¡ `yR>ey„:""dp¥gp _¡lf¡ azfpsdp„ `l¡gp Nyõg L$f¡ `R>u Tuepfs dpV¡$ lfddp„v$pMg \pe sp¡ s¡_p¡ iy„ khpb R>¡? Ap`¡ afdpìey„ ""Myv$phÞv¡$ dp¡sApgsdpd Ny_plp¡_¡ bnu Ap`¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p fnZ A_¡ Adp_dp„fpM¡ R>¡.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps)

(6) _d°sp A_¡ MpL$kpfu kp\¡ `p¡sp_u Ås_y„ kd`®Z, A¡`Z Tìhpf_u afÅ¡dp„_u A¡L$ afS> R>¡.

Tuepfs_u Ap ifs rhQpfZp_¡ `pÓ R>¡. Ap isp£ `yfu L$fhus¡ _dpT L$byg \hp_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. ApS> A‰pl `pk¡ dv$v$ dpNhp_y„dpÝed R>¡, s¡\u Myv$phÞv¡$ L$fud Bfipv$ afdph¡ R>¡ : ""hõsB_yrbõkb°¡ hõkgps Bßl g - L$bufsyg AAgg Mpi¡B_.''- dv$v$dpNp¡ _dpT A_¡ fp¡Tp\u A_¡ Ap dyíL$¡g R>¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ dpV¡$ rkhpeA¡ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡ Mpi¡B_dp„\u R>¡.

Ap is® Tìhpfp¡ dpV¡$ `Z kpQu `X¡$ R>¡. Å¡ Tuepfs `X$hphpmp¡Mpi¡A li¡ sp¡ `R>u Tuepfs_y„ spÐè® R>¡ _ql sp¡ L$B `Z _\u.Ýep_ Ap`hp S>¡hu hps A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_u rhgpv$s\u qasê$k_¡ hpmA_¡ `p„Mp¡ Apù v$uû (L$pd¡gyT¹ rTepfps) iy„ s¡_u kpnu _\u Apù

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gpN¡ R>¡. A_¡ s¡ kdpS>_u v$f¡L$ ìe[¼s_¡ `p¡sp_p Ly$Vy„$b_y„ A¡L$ kæedp_hp gpN¡ R>¡. L¡$dL¡$ dhgp_u r_L$V$sp_p `pW$\u s¡_p õhcphdp„buÅ_p vy$:M_p¡ A¡lkpk DÐ`ß L$fu v$u^p¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡ vy$r_epdp„ s¡_¡dmsu BÅAp¡dp„\u frns fl¡ R>¡.

b¡lpê$g AÞhpfdp„ R>¡ L¡$ lTfs dp¡lçdv$ dyõsyap (k.A.h.)A¡ `p¡sp_u yÓu_u Ap„Mp¡\u Ap„ky gyR>sp Ap`_p yÓp¡_p Tìhpfp¡A„N¡ afdpìey„ : ""b¡V$u! sdpfp `yÓ_p Tìhpfp¡ Äep„ kyû fõspdp„lp¡e R>¡ Myv$p_u _¡Adsp¡ s¡Ap¡_u D`f kss A_¡ k„`|Z® fus¡ \sufl¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ Myv$p_p Adp_dp„ fl¡ R>¡. A_¡ Å¡ s¡ fõspdp„ d©Ðey`pd¡ sp¡ s¡_¡ iluv$p¡_p¡ khpb Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

(2) Tìhpf dpV$¡ S>ê$fu R>¡ L¡$ s¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>u hpsp¡ L$f¡._¡L$u rkhpe_u AÞe L$p¡B hps _ L$f¡. Ap¡R>u hpsQus L$fhp\uìe[¼s_u kgprlèesp¡ `Z frns \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ kdS>i[¼s A_¡AphX$sdp„ rhipmsp A_¡ Æh_dp„ k„cpmu_¡ Qpghp_u Ly$imspDÐ`ß \pe R>¡. Äepf¡ s¡ `p¡sp_u Æc _¡L$u_u hpsp¡ dpV¡$ Mp¡g¡ R>¡sp¡ s¡dp„ Akf lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ Ap¡Ry>„ bp¡ghy„ s¡_u A„v$f_p rhQpfp¡_¡kpfp L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ op_ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ A¡L$ s„vy$fõs âq¾$ep DÐ`ß L$f¡R>¡. Äepf¡ s¡ sdpd Mp¡V$p rhQpfp¡_¡ `pL$ L$fu_¡ Bdpd lzk¥_(A.k.)_u Tuepfs dpV¡$ A¡L$pN°sp d¡mhu g¡ R>¡ sp¡ s¡ ìe[¼sdp„L$fbgp_p iluv$p¡_u cìesp A_¡ d__ L$fhp_u Örô$ S>Þd g¡ R>¡.

(3) Tìhpf_u ÓuÆ afS> A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Myv$phÞv¡$ sApgp_ubpfNpldp„ v$p¡Ap_u kp\¡ kp\¡ h y_¡ h y dNa¡fs L$fsp¡ fl¡. AtlbpfNpl¡ Bgpludp„ h ydp„ h y v$p¡Apdp„ ìeõs fl¡hp_u A¡V$gp dpV¡$spL$uv$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡ L¡$ vy$r_ep_p Æh__p v$f¡L$ ðpk_u hÃQ¡dp_hu_p¡ My‰p¡ vy$íd_ iesp_ A¡ L$p¡iuidp„ fp¡L$pA¡gp¡ fl¡ R>¡ L¡$qv$gp¡dp„ A¡hp auÐ_p A_¡ akpv$_¡ S>Þd Ap`¡ L¡$ S>¡ BÞkp__u dyv$p®ê$l, Aep¡Áe A_¡ Ny_prls L$pep£, gpgQ, Bjp® A_¡ Od„X$ dpfas¡qv$g A_¡ qv$dpN_¡ ku^p fõsp D`f\u lV$phu v¡$ A_¡ Äepf¡ TuepfsL$fu_¡ `pR>p¡ af¡ Ðepf¡ L$p¡B gpc bpL$u _ fl¡ A_¡ Bdpd (A.k.)

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_p aeTp¡ A_¡ bfL$sp¡\u s©á _ \hp `pd¡.s¡\u h ydp„ h y Bõs¡Napf L$f¡ A_¡ A¡ Ny_plp¡\u bQsp¡ fl¡

S>¡ v$p¡Ap_¡ L$byg \hp\u fp¡L¡$ R>¡. ""A‰plzçdNauf g¡eTTp¡_yb‰suslb¡kyv$ v$p¡ApA.''

`fhfqv$Npf! dpfp A¡ Ny_plp¡_¡ bnu Ap` S>¡ v$p¡Ap_¡ L$byg\hp_p v$fhpÅ ky u `lp¢Qhp\u fp¡L¡$ R>¡.

(4) Äepf¡ Tuepfs_p Bfpv$p\u _uL$m¡ sp¡ `pL$ `pL$uTp L$`X$p„`l¡f¡ A¡V$gp dpV¡$ L¡$ s¡ A¡d_u Tuepfs_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ L$fu_¡ _uL$þep¡ R>¡,Äep„ `pL$uTNu_u kp\¡ _Åks_u L$ë`_p `Z _\u L$fu iL$psu.s¡ `rhÓ lõsu_p¡ dfsbp¡ A¡V$gp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_u `rhÓsp_u Tdp_sMyv$phÞv$¡ dp¡sApg¡ ""ApeA¡ ssluf''Dspfu_¡ guû R>¡. dpAkydu_(A.k.) A¡ Tuepfs¡ hpf¡kpdp„ `rhÓsp_u Ål¡fps `Z Apv$d(A.k.) \u ApS> kyû Ap A„v$pTdp„ L$fu R>¡.

""Aílv$p¡ AßL$ Ly$Þs _yf_ aug Aõgpbui ipd¡Ms¡ hgAflpdug dp¡sllfs¡, gd sp¡_ˆ>ukL$g Ål¡rgèesp¡ b¡ AÞÅk¡lp,hgd syg buõL$ du_ dyv$g¡ rlçdps¡ k¡epb¡lp.''- lz„ Nhplu Ap`y„Ry>„ L¡$ Ap` DÃQ ds®bphpmp bp`-v$pv$pAp¡_u ùW$ A_¡ `pL$-`pL$uTpdpAp¡_p iuL$dp¡dp„ (`¡V$dp„) A¡L$ _yf lsp. Aop_spA¡ s¡_u sdpd_p`pL$uAp¡ R>sp Ap`_¡ _p-`pL$ _ L$fu iL$u A_¡ _ Ap`_¡Ål¡guèes `p¡sp_p¡ spf-spf (s|V$ép¡-a|V$ép¡) rgbpk `l¡fphu iL$u.sdpfp bp`-v$pv$pAp¡ A_¡ sdpfu `pL$-`pL$uTp dpAp¡ S>¡lpgs_phMsdp„ dyîuL$p¡_u frhi A_¡ fõdp¡-qfhpS>\u v|$f flu_¡ kyßs¡Bb°plud (A.k.) `f L$pe®fs lsp.

kpqv$L$ Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$ (A.k.) A¡ õ`ô$ fus¡ L$üy„ L¡$ Bdpdlzk¥_ (A.k.)_p lfddp„ v$pMg \hp dpV¡$ `pL$uTNu A_¡ slpfsS>ê$fu R>¡. S>¡hu fus¡ Myv$p_u Bbpv$sNpldp„ Ål¡f A_¡ Ry>ù slpfsbß¡ is® R>¡. s¡hu S> fus¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_p lfddp„ v$pMg\hp dpV¡$ `Z slpfs is® R>¡.

L$pfZ L¡$ BL$bpg_p L$p¥g dyS>b eTuv$_p eyNdp„ ""gpA¡gplp

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iL$psu. `f„sy Ap sp¡ Mpi¡B__p¡ cpN R>¡ S>¡V$gy„ qv$g Sy>L$i¡ A¡V$gy„S> s¡_y„ dlÐh A_¡ dlp_sp hî¡. A_¡ s¡_pS> Mpiues_pèdp_pdp„ `|fp Dsfhp_u k_v$ dmi¡. A¡V$gp S> dpV¡$ kpsduifsdp„ Bdpd kpqv$L$ (A.k.) afdph¡ R>¡.

(7) S>ê$fu R>¡ L¡$ lfddp„ `lp¢Qu_¡ h^y_¡ h^y _dpT `X$p¡ A_¡dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) A_¡ s¡_u `rhÓ Apg D`f h^y_¡ h^y v$p¡ê$v$dp¡L$gsp flp¡. _dpT bû byfpBAp¡\u fp¡L¡$ R>¡.

Aõkgpsp¡ sÞlp Ar_g alipA¡ hg dyÞL$f - _dpT N„v$uA_¡ _p`k„v$ hpsp¡\u fp¡L¡$ R>¡.

(8) S>ê$fu R>¡ L¡$ Ny_plp¡\u Ap„Mp¡_¡ bQphu fpMp¡.kpqv$L¡$ Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.)A¡ Æc_u spgud R>u Ap„Mp¡

D`f cpf d|¼ep¡. Ap„Mp¡ D`f L$pby fpMhp¡ s¡ A¡L$ OZu dlÐh_ubpbs R>¡.

kafdp„ Q„Qm Ap„Mp¡ _ak¡ Açdpfp_¡ (hpk_p_¡) DÑ¡rS>s L$f¡R>¡ A_¡ Ap _ak X$Ng¡_¡ `Ng¡ qv$g_u v$f¡L$ qas|f - R>m - L$`V$dpV¡$ s¥epf L$fu v¡$ R>¡. lfpd bpbsp¡ D`f _S>f S>dphu v¡$ R>¡. Ny_plp_¡L$bufp_¡ c¡Np L$fhpdp„ L$kf _\u R>p¡X$sp¡. s¡\u Ap„Mp¡ D`f r_e„ÓZd|L$u v$u^y„, S>¡\u Ap„Mp¡_p fõs¡ L$p¡B cpf¡ lzdgp¡ _ L$fu iL¡$ A_¡Tuepfs_u `y„Æ kyfrns A_¡ AL$b„^ fl¡.

(9) S>ê$fu R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Tìhpfp¡ Qp¡fp¡_p lp\¡ gy„V$pB Nep R>¡,s¡d_p\u ldv$v$} A_¡ dv$v$ L$fhpdp„ DZ` _ fpM¡. ANf ApgMhphpmp Tuepfs v$fçep_ L„$BL$ A_ych gB_¡ _ Aphs¡ sp¡ Apg¡dp¡lçdv$ (k.A.h.) _p afdp_ kdS>dp„ _ Aphsp. lz„ Bdpd lzk¥_(A.k.)_u L$b°_p shpadp„ díNyg lsp¡ L¡$ d¢ Å¡ey, L¡$ A¡L$ õÓu S>¡`„Åb\u Tuepfs dpV¡$ Aphu lsu s¡_u Ly$g dyX$u huk lÅf ê$ùeplsu. Muõkp L$psê$A¡ s¡ fL$d s¡ õÓu `pk¡\u `X$phu guû A_¡ Äepf¡s¡_¡ Mbf `X$u sp¡ s¡ A¡hu fus¡ b¡Q¥_ A_¡ b¡bpL$mu b_u NB lsuL¡$ s¡_u rhNs gMhp_u i[¼s _\u. ApS>¡ Äepf¡ lz„ rTepfs_uifsp¡_¡ gMu füp¡ Ry>„ sp¡ A¡hu gpNZu \pe R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd kpqv$L$

48

A„sdp„ s¡, S>¡ kp¥\u `l¡gu is® R>¡, S>¡ Tuepfs dpV¡$ A¡hu S>ê$fuR>¡, S>¡ lS> A_¡ Ddfpdp„ Å¡hp dmsu _\u. s¡ R>¡ lfddp„ v$pMg\hp dpV¡$_u BT__u (`fhp_Nu_u) v$p¡Ap. Bdpd kpv$uL$ (A.k.)_¡ Aõlpb¡ yR>ey„ : ""A¡ L¡$hu fus¡ Mbf `X¡$ L¡$ kèevy$íip¡lv$p Bdpdlzk¥_ (A.k.) d¡ BÅTs Apù v$uû R>¡?'' Ap ¡ afdpìey„ : ""Å¡Ap„Mp¡dp„\u Ap„ky V$`L$u `X¡$ sp¡ kdÆ gp¡ L¡$ `fhp_Nu dmu NB R>¡.''

dpfp dp-bp` Ap` D`f auv$p \pe A¡ afTÞv¡$ fkyg (k.A.h.)A¡ aps¡dp (k.A.) _p gpg! A¡ Agu (A.k.) _p _|f¡ Ae_!A¡ L$fbgp_p àepkp! A¡ Nfubyg hs_! A¡ iluv¡$ AATd! A¡ _ak¡dysdBßp_p dprgL$! Ad¡, vy$:M dyrkbs_p Tdp_p_p„ Nygpdp¡_¡Ap`_u Tuepfs_p¡ ifa Asp afdphp¡ A_¡ Apgd¡ bfTM A_¡fp¡T¡ dlif Ad Ny_¡lNpfp¡_¡ cygu _ S>Å¡.

46

($A.k.) _u Tìhpfp¡ dpV¡$ DÐ`ß \_pfu dyíL¡$guAp¡ D`f s¡ kde¡_S>f lsu Äepf¡ Aphp âL$pf_p âñp¡ blzS> Ap¡R>p b_sp lsp.Ap ifs _S>f kdn fpMu_¡ Å¡ Tìhpfp¡ \p¡X$u \p¡X$u `Z dv$v$ L$f¡sp¡ s¡_u bû `f¡ip_u v|$f \B S>i¡. ApS> sp¡ dpAkydu_ (A.k.)_u hpsp¡_p¡ dp¡AÆTp¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡_u _S>fp¡ Ap âñp¡ D`f lsu S>¡crhóedp„ Dcp \hp_p lsp A_¡ R>¡.

(10) Tuepfs L$byg \hp dpV¡$_u A¡L$ Ap is® `Z R>¡ L¡$ kdek„Å¡Np¡ Å¡B_¡ sL$èep_p¡ Adg L$f¡.

Ap_p¡ A\® A¡ \pe R>¡ L¡$ Å¡ Tuepfs A_¡ Tìhpf hÃQ¡ lzLy$ds_usfa\u r_e„ÓZ Aphu `X¡$ A\hp dyíL¡$gu Dcu \pe sp¡ s¡hp âk„N¡Å¡ sL$èep rkhpe AÞe L$p¡B rhL$ë` _ lp¡e sp¡ sL$èep D`f AdgL$fhp¡ hpÆb \B S>i¡ A_¡ Tìhpfp¡ A¡ bpbsp¡\u AmNp fl¡ S>¡_p\uÅ__y„ Å¡Md \B Åe A\hp buÅ qbfpv$fp¡_¡ _yL$kp_ `lp¢Qhp_ui¼esp lp¡e.

(11) Tuepfs_p dpV¡$ A¡ `Z S>ê$fu R>¡ L¡$ ifuesdp„ S>¡bpbsp¡_u d_p L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡ s¡_p\u v|$f fl¡ A¡V$gp dpV¡$ L¡$ Å¡s¡ v|$f _l] fl¡ sp¡ s¡_p¡ A\® A¡ \i¡ L¡$ s¡ ifues_p lzL$dp¡_¡ ny‰L$A_¡ lëL$p NZ¡ R>¡. õ`ô$ R>¡ L¡$ s¡hp Tìhpfp¡_u Tuepfs_p¡ L$p¡BA\® fl¡sp¡ _\u. s¡ dpÓ vy$r_epv$pfu A_¡ v„$c dpV¡$ Apìep¡ R>¡ s¡_¡lTfs kèevy$íip¡lv$p (A.k.) _u Ly$fbp_uAp¡_u L$p¡B `fhp _\uA_¡ _ sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ s¡ lTfs_u Myí_yv$u_u S>ê$f R>¡. s¡Ap¡ dpÓ s¡Ap¡_ucp¥rsL$ A_¡ _akp_u BÃR>pAp¡_p `pb„v$ R>¡.

(12) vy$íd_u_p L$pfZ¡ A\hp A¡L$ buÅ_p dsc¡v$_p L$pfZ\u`p¡sp_u hps D`f rhðpk b¡kpX$hp dpV¡$ kp¡N„v$ g¡hp_u Tìhpfp¡_¡d_pB L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

A¡hy„ Å¡hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡ L¡$ Ad|L$ gp¡L$p¡ dpV¡$ L$kd s¡ hpf„hpfS>ê$fs hNf bp¡ghp_u `qfcpjp R>¡ (sqL$ep-L$gpd R>¡.) Ad|L$ gp¡L$p¡`p¡sp_p bQph dpV¡$ L$p¡B kÐesp _ lp¡hp_p L$pfZ¡ L$kdp¡ D`f DsfuAph¡ R>¡. Ad|L$ gp¡L$p¡ gpNZu_p Aph¡idp„ Aphu S>B_¡ hNf kdÄe¡

47

L$kd Mphp dp„X¡$ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ s¡ `Z _\u ÅZsp L¡$ s¡Ap¡A¡ L$B hpsD`f L$kd Mpû R>¡. Mf¡Mf sp¡ s¡Ap¡A¡ L$f¡gu hps D`f cfp¡kp¡_\u lp¡sp¡. Ap fus¡ hpf„hpf L$kd Mp_pfpAp¡_u dpÓ rhðkr_espAp¡R>u _\u \B S>su bëL¡$ Myv$ s¡ buÅAp¡_p¡ rhðpk Nydphu v¡$R>¡ S>¡ s¡_u k„`|Z® gpeL$ps D`f MybS> Mfpb fus¡ Akf L$f¡ R>¡.`qfZpd¡ s¡_¡ v$f¡L$ n¡Ódp„ r_óamsp dm¡ R>¡. Ap ce„L$f lfpd L$pd\ubQphhp dpV¡$ Bdpd kpqv$L$ (A.k.) A¡ Tìhpf dpV¡$ s¡_¡ Aep¡ÁeNÎey„ L¡$ s¡ Ap V¡$h_¡ A`_phu_¡ S>¡_u Tuepfs dpV¡$ Nep¡ R>¡ L$v$pQs¡_p D`f\u s¡_p¡ rhðpk DX$u _ Åe.

A„sdp„ Ap`¡ afdpìey„ L¡$ S>¡ gp¡L$p¡ Tuepfs_u D`fp¡¼s v$ip®h¡guisp£_y„ k„`|Z® fus¡ `pg_ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡Ap¡_p dpV¡$ Tuepfs lS> A_¡Ddfl_u bfpbf li¡.

A¡L$ Tìhpf Tful¡ AL$v$k_p¡ shpa L$ep® `R>u kf¡ lzk¥_(A.k.)_p Ly$åbp_u _uQ¡ b¡ fL$As _dpT `X¡$ R>¡. qfhpesdp„ R>¡L¡$ Tìhpf s¡_u lpS>sp¡dp„\u S>¡ lpS>s kp¥\u `l¡gu dpN¡ R>¡ A_¡s¡ lpS>s ÅA¡T lp¡e sp¡ L$byg \hp_p v$fhpÅ kyû s¡ `lp¢Qu ÅeR>¡ A_¡ s¡_u `p¡sp_u dyfpv$ r_ròs fus¡ `yfu \pe R>¡.

""L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps'' dp„ R>¡ L¡$ Ap`¡ Ap`_p klpbu_p¡ A¡khpg, L¡$ fõspdp„ Tìhpf_p¡ Mp¡fpL$ iy„ lp¡hp¡ Å¡BA¡, Ap ¡ afdpìey„,v|$^ A_¡ fp¡V$gu.

Abyg dp¡Tp Bdpd (A.k.) _p klpbu R>¡ Ap`¡ afdpìey„ R>¡L¡$ Bdpd kpqv$L$ (A.k.) A¡ d_¡ `yR>ey„ ""sd¡ dpfp S>Ø_u TuepfsdpV¡$ Nep lsp? d¢ AfS> L$fu ""lp, eå_ fkygy‰pl Nep¡ lsp¡.''Ap ¡ yR>ey„ : Ðép„ v$õsfMp_ buR>ph¡gp¡ lsp¡ S>¡_u D`f Sy>v$p Sy>v$pâL$pf_u hp_NuAp¡ lsu. d¢ lL$pfdp„ S>hpb v$u^p¡. Ap`¡ afdpìey„:Äepf¡ sd¡ sdpfp r`sp L¡$ dpsp_u L$b° `f ÅAp¡ R>p¡ sp¡ s¡hu S>s¥epfu kp\¡ Åh R>p¡ A_¡ NdNu_ \ph R>p¡?

Bdpd (A.k.) _p¡ l¡sy A¡ lsp¡ L¡$ lfddp„ õhpqv$ô$ Mp¡fpL$\u`fl¡T L$fhu Å¡BA¡.

49

MpL¡$ iap

Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd¡ lTfs Bdpd lzke_ Agerlõkgpd_¡ s¡rhi¡jspAp¡ Apù R>¡ S>¡_¡ kdS>hu BÞkp__u i[¼s blpf R>¡.BÞkp_ p¡sp_u sdpd Bëdu A_¡ A\®`|Z® dl¡_s R>u Z s¡ õ\p_p¡D`f _\u lp¢Qu iL$sp¡ S>¡ Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_pAõlpbp¡_¡ A ®Z L$ep® R>¡. Å¡ Ap`Z¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_pkp\uv$pfp¡_u rhi¡jspAp¡_u L$ë`_p _\u L$fu iL$sp sp¡ Myv$ Bdpdlzk¥_ (A.k.)_u ATdsp¡_p¡ iy„ A„v$pÅ¡ L$fu iL$uA¡. Aõlpbp¡_uATds dpV¡$ iy„ A¡ Ap¡Ry>„ R>¡ L¡$ dAkyd Bdpdp¡ (A.k.) s¡Ap¡_uTuepfs L$fsp lsp. s¡dS> gp¡L$p¡_¡ spgud Ap`sp lsp L¡$ Aõlpb_uTuepfs L$fsu hMs¡ Ap hp¼ep¡ Av$p L$f¡ :

b¡Abu AÞsyd h Dçdu subsyd h spbsug AfTy‰su aulpv$p¡au_syd h azTsyd....

dpfp dpbp` Ap` D`f Ly$fbp_ Ap` `pL$ A_¡ `pL$uTp \BNep A_¡ s¡ S>du_ `Z `pL$ \B NB S>¡dp„ Ap` v$a_ R>p¡. Ap`lTfsp¡ kamsp_p dlp_ iuMf D`f rbfpÄep R>p¡. Aakp¡k !lz„ `Z Ap`_u kp\¡ ls¡ A_¡ Ap`_u kp\¡ kamsp D`f `lp¢Qs¡.(rTepfs¡ hpf¡kp)

Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd¡ lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_¡ Ap rhi¡jspAp¡Apù R>¡. lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)A¡ afdpìey„ :

1. lTfs Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_p Ny„bS> _uQ¡ v$p¡Ap L$byg\pe R>¡.

2. s¡d_u syfbsdp„ iap R>¡.3. Bdpds s¡d_p h„idp„ R>¡.

(dyõsv$fLy$g hkpA¡g _hu Aph©rÑ 10-335, lv$uk : 15)

Ap g¡Mdp„ MpL¡$ iap A„N¡ QQp® L$fhu R>¡. Ap` S|>Ap¡ L¡$ ApdpV$u _y„ iy„ dlÐh R>¡. L$fbgp_u S>du__¡ bpL$u_u S>du_p¡ L$fspL$B aTugsp¡ dm¡gu R>¡. Ap dpV$u L$p¡Z¡ L$p¡_¡ Apù A_¡ s¡ ìe[¼sA¡s¡_¡ L¡$hy„ kÞdp_ Apàey„. dAkydp¡A¡ Ap dpV$u_p¡ L¡$hu fus¡ Dèp¡N

52

Arcdp_ L$fu flu R>¡. fp¡L$pB Å. _d° \B Å. Od„X$ A_¡ Arcdp__ L$f. L$fbgp_u S>du_\u dp¡V$u lp¡hp_u L$p¡rii _ L$f. _rl sp¡lz„ spfp\u _pfpT \B S>Bi A_¡ s_¡ S>lßddp„ _pMu v$Bi.''(L$pd¡gyT¹ rTepfps `p. 267 l. 13-Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ A.sfa\u)

Ap\u Ål¡f \pe R>¡ L¡$ Ap`Z¡ L$fbgp_u rhi¡jspAp¡_p¡ A„v$pÅ¡_\u L$fu iL$sp. L$pbp_u S>du_ S>¡_u kpd¡ A¡L$ V$u`p„_u lekues^fphsu lp¡e sp¡ s¡_u byTyN}_p¡ A„v$pS> L$p¡Z L$fu iL¡$ ? _uQ¡_uhpsp¡\u L$fbgp_u dlp_sp_p¡ lSy> h^y A„v$pS> \i¡.

_d°sp, DÃQsp_y„ L$pfZ :Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd¡ L$fbgp_u S>du__¡ v$fˆ>pAp¡ A¡dS> _\u Apàep.

bëL¡$ Ap S>du__u _d°sp A_¡ rh_e_p L$pfZ¡ DÃQ õ\p_ Apàey„R>¡.

kahp_ S>çdpg¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A.k.)\uqfhpes L$fu R>¡ :

"".... Äepf¡ S>du_ A_¡ `pZu A¡L$buÅ `f aÀ A_¡ Arcdp_L$fu füp lsp Ðepf¡ L$fbgp_¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Apìey„ sd¡ Z sdpfu aTugsfSy> L$fp¡.'' s¡Z¡ L$üy„ :

""lz„ A‰pl_u dybpfL$ A_¡ `rhÓ S>du_ Ry>„. dpfu syfbs A_¡dpfp `pZudp„ iap R>¡, `f„sy d_¡ Arcdp_ _\u. `f„sy lz„ s¡_ubpfNpldp„ lëL$u A_¡ rh_d° Ry>„. bpL$u L$p¡B D`f d_¡ aÀ dm¡g_\u. bëL¡$ Myv$p_p¡ iy¾$ R>¡. Myv$pA¡ s¡_u _d°sp A_¡ iy¾$_p L$pfZ¡lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) \L$u s¡_p¡ v$fˆ>p¡ OZp¡ h^pfu v$u^p¡.''

s¡ `R>u Bdpd kpqv$L$ (A.k.)A¡ afdpìey„ : ""S>¡ Myv$p_¡ Mpsf_d°sp ^fph¡ R>¡, Myv$p s¡_¡ byg„v$u Asp L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ Od„X$ L$f¡R>¡, Myv$p s¡_¡ lëL$p¡ `pX¡$ R>¡.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹$ Tuepfps-271, b¡lpf 101 `p.109-110 l : 17)

S>¡ L$p¡B byg„v$uAp¡ A_¡ v$fˆ>pAp¡_p¡ BÃRy>L$ lp¡e sp¡ s¡_p dpV¡$

50

L$ep£. Ap dpV$u_u Akfp¡ iy„ R>¡ ? S>¡ gp¡L$p¡A¡ s¡_u lzfds _ Åmhus¡_p¡ A„s L¡$hp¡ Apìep¡ ?

L$fbgp_u S>du_ A_¡ Açbuep (A.dy.k.) :L$fbgp_u S>du_ `l¡g¡\u S> Açbuep (A.k.)_u Tuepfs_y„

õ\m flu R>¡. S>_pb¡ Apv$d, S>_pb¡ _yl, S>_pb¡ Bb°plud, S>_pb¡BõdpBg, S>_pb¡ eyiA bu_ _yl, S>_pb¡ kygedp_, S>_pb¡ BkpAgel¡dyõkgpd Ap S>du_ D`f\u `kpf \ep. fuhpes dyS>b sp¡A¡hu `qf[õ\rs Dcu \B L¡$ Açbuep (A.k.)_y„ Ðep„\u `kpf \hy„S>ê$fu bÞey„. v$f¡L$_¡ Bdpd lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u ilpv$s_y„ hZ®_ L$fhpdp„Apìey„. v$f¡L$ fX$ép A_¡ Ap`_p L$psug D`f gA_s L$fu. kuãau__pfõs¡ lTfs Agu (A.k.) Z Ðep„\u kpf \ep. A_¡ dp¡V$p AhpS>¡Bå_¡ Aåbpk_¡ L$üy„ :

""A¡ Bå_¡ Aåbpk ! sd¡ Ap S>Áep_¡ Ap¡mMp¡ R>p¡ ?'' AfS>L$fu : ""Aduê$g dp¡Ad¡_u_, lz„ Ap S>Áep_¡ _\u ÅZsp¡.''

afdpìey„ : ""Å¡ sd¡ ÅZs¡ sp¡ sd¡ `Z dpfu S>¡d fX$s¡.'' s¡`R>u lTfs Agu (A.k.) A¡V$gp fX$ép L¡$ Ap`_u dybpfL$ v$pY$uAp„kyAp¡\u sf \B NB. afdpìey„ :

Al] s¡Ap¡_u khpfuAp¡ Dsfi¡, Al] s¡Ap¡_p s„byAp¡ Dcp \i¡.Al] s¡Ap¡_y„ My_ hlphhpdp„ Aphi¡. Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$_p S>hp_p¡_p¡A¡L$ kdyl Al] iluv$ L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡. Æb°Bg¡ s¡_u syfbs d_¡v¡$MpX$u R>¡.''

(dp¡AS>d¡ L$buf qsbfp_u 3/115, l. 2819 lhpgp¡ : Akfpê$íilpv$l cp.

1/270 _hu âs)

Ap b_php¡\u A„v$pS> Aphu Åe R>¡ L¡$ L$fbgp_u S>du_iê$Aps\u S> dyëehp_ A_¡ `rhÓ R>¡. s¡ ilpv$s L¡$V$gu cìe li¡S>¡_y„ Ap fus¡ kÞdp_ Åmhhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

L$fbgp_u S>du_ A_¡ L$pbp :Ak„¿e fuhpesp¡\u ÅZhp dm¡ R>¡ L¡$ Myv$ph„v¡$ L$fud¡ L$fbgp_u

S>du_ L$pbp_u S>du_\u 24 lÅf hfk `l¡gp `¥v$p L$fu.51

(1) L$pbp\u `l¡gp L$fbgp_¡ lfd NZu(2) Ap S>du_ vy$r_ep_p kS>®_p¡_u `l¡gp dybpfL$ lsu.(3) Ap S>du_ A¡hu S> fus¡ `rhÓ A_¡ dybpfL$ fl¡i¡ A_¡ Ap

S> S>du_ S>ßs_u kp¥\u h^y aTugshpmu S>du_ NZpi¡.(4) S>ßsdp„ Ap S>du_ D`f AhguepAp¡_p dL$p_p¡ li¡.(5) Ap S>du_ `p¡sp_u syfbs_p L$pfZ¡ _yfp_u `pL$ A_¡ `pL$uTp

R>¡.(6) Ap S>du_ D`f S>ßsdp„ Açbuep, fkygp¡, Dgyg ATd

Açbuep fl¡i¡.(7) s¡_y„ _yf S>ßshpkuAp¡_¡ Ap„Æ v¡$i¡.(8) Ap S> S>du_ AhpS> v¡$i¡.. lz„ A‰pl_u s¡ `rhÓ, `pL$uTp

A_¡ bfL$shpmu S>du_ Ry>„. dpfp `pghdp„ kèevy$íip¡lv$p,S>ßs_p S>hp_p¡_p kfv$pf Apfpd L$fu füp R>¡.

(9) Ap S> s¡ S>du_ R>¡ Äep„ Myv$ph„v¡$ Apgd¡ S>_pb¡ dykp (A.k.)kp\¡ hpsQus L$fu. Ap S> S>ÁepA¡ S>_pb¡ _yl (A.k.)A¡dy_pÅs L$fu. Ap S>du_ kp¥\u h^y BÈTsv$pf S>du_ R>¡.

(10) Bõgpddp„ buÆ S>du_p¡ `Z lzfdshpmu A_¡ `rhÓ R>¡.`f„sy L$fbgp_u S>du__u iy„ hps ?A¡L$ hMs L$pbp_u S>du_¡ Nh®\u L$üy„ : ""dpfu S>¡hy„ L$p¡Z R>¡.

Myv$pA¡ dpfu ùW$ D`f `p¡sp_y„ Of b_pìey„ R>¡. vy$r_ep_p MyZ¡MyZpdp„\u gp¡L$p¡ dpfu rTepfs dpV¡$ Aph¡ R>¡. d_¡ A‰pl_y„ lfdA_¡ s¡_u S>Áep NZhpdp„ Aphu R>¡.''

Myv$pA¡ s¡_u sfa hlu L$fu_¡ afdpìey„ : ""Q|` fl¡ _¡ AV$L$uÅ. d_¡ dpfu BÈTs A_¡ S>gpg_u L$kd S>¡ DÃQ õ\p_ d¢L$fbgp_u S>du__¡ Apàey„ R>¡ s¡ s_¡ _\u Apàey„. L$fbgp_ukfMpdZudp„ spê$„ õ\p_ A¡hy„ R>¡ S>¡dL¡$ kdyÖ_u kfMpdZudp„ k|B_p_pL$p_y„ V$`Ly„$. Å¡ L$fbgp_u syfbs _ ls¡ sp¡ lz„ s_¡ DÃQ õ\p__ Ap`s¡. Å¡ L$fbgp_u S>du_dp„ kyhphpmp¡ _ ls¡ sp¡ lz„ s_¡ `¥v$p`Z _ L$fs¡ A_¡ s¡ Of_¡ `Z `¥v$p _ L$fs¡ S>¡_u D`f sy„ Nh® A_¡

53

_d°sp A_¡ rh_e S>ê$fu R>¡. _d°sp `Z v¡$Mph `|fsu _rl bëL¡$qv$g_p JX$pZdp„\u _d°sp. Bdpd kˆ>pv$ (A.k.) dL$pf¡dygA¿gpL$_u v$p¡Apdp„ afdph¡ R>¡, ""A¡ Myv$p, S>¡ fus¡ Ål¡fdp„ BÈTs_kub \pe s¡ fus¡ Mp_Nudp„ lëL$p`Zp_p¡ A¡lkpk \pe.'' Od„X$A_¡ Arcdp_ `X$su_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. Aakp¡k, Od„X$u A_¡ Arcdp_uBÞkp_ Ap dyØp_¡ kdÆ g¡s¡.

kS>v$lNpl :_dpT Bbpv$sp¡dp„ dlÐh_u Bbpv$s R>¡. Å¡ s¡ L$byg sp¡ bpL$u_p

Apdpg L$byg A_¡ Å¡ A¡ fv$ \B NB sp¡ bpL$u_p Apdpg fv$ L$fhpdp„Aphi¡. _dpT lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)_u Ap„Mp¡_u W„$X$L$ R>¡._dpTdp„ kS>v$l Myv$ph„v$u_u _Tv$uL$u_y„ õ\p_ R>¡. b„v$p¡ kS>v$pdp„`p¡sp_p fb\u kp¥\u h^y _S>qv$L$ lp¡e R>¡. ApS> kS>v$p¡ R>¡ S>¡_pBÞL$pf¡ iesp__¡ iesp_ b_phu v$u^p¡. Ap`Z¡ Ðep„ kS>v$p¡ v$f¡L$QuS> D`f _\u \B iL$sp¡. Mpk hõsyAp¡ R>¡ S>¡_u D`f kS>v$p¡\B iL¡$ R>¡. S>¡_u rhNs shTulzg dkpA¡gdp„ Ap`¡gu R>¡. s¡ hõsyAp¡S>¡_p D`f kS>v$p¡ \B iL¡$ R>¡ s¡dp„ kp¥\u h^y dlÐh_u A_¡aTugshpmu L$fbgp_u dpV$u A¡V$g¡ lTfs kèevy$íip¡lv$p(A.k.)_u syfbs R>¡.

_uQ¡_u lv$ukp¡ D`f Ýep_ ApùA¡ :-kps S>du_p¡ _yfp_u \B Åe R>¡ :

Bdpd kpqv$L$ (A.k.)d¢ afdpìey„ : lTfs Bdpd lzke_(A.k.)_u L$bf_u MpL$ D`f kS>v$p¡ L$fhp\u kps S>du_p¡ (kpssb½$pAp¡) âL$pris \B Åe R>¡.

(hkpA¡gyi iuep 5/365-366)

kps `fv$pAp¡ lV$u Åe R>¡ :dp¡Aphuep bu_ Açdpf_u qfhpes R>¡ : lTfs Bdpd kpqv$L$

(A.k.) `pk¡ S>fu cf¡gu A¡L$ \¡gu lsu. S>¡dp„ Bdpd lzke_(A.k.)_u `rhÓ L$bf_u `pL$ dpV$u lsu. Äepf¡ _dpT_p¡ hMs\sp¡ Ðepf¡ s¡ dpV$u (syfbs)_¡ _dpT_u S>Áep D`f a¡gphu v¡$sp

56

"lzke_ eL$u_\u rlv$pes_p rQfpN A_¡ _Ås_u L$ísu R>¡.'Ap `rhÓ MpL$_u Akf R>¡.s¡_p D`f kS>v$p¡ L$fhp\u dp_hu

Mfpb Apv$sp¡\u `pL$ \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ Ap MpL$ Myv$p_u _S>v$uL$L$fu v¡$ R>¡.

AdyL$ gp¡L$p¡_¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$ D`f kS>v$p¡ L$fhp_y„ _\u Ndsy„.s¡Ap¡ s¡_¡ iuL®$, buv$As, _ ÅZ¡ iy„ iy„ L$l¡ R>¡. L$p¡_¡ Mbf Apgp¡L$p¡_¡ Ap dpV$u\u vy$íd_u R>¡ L¡$ s¡dp„ kyhphpmp\u.

Bõgpd_p `rhÓ Alg¡bes_¡ Qpl_pfpAp¡ A¡ AL$uv$p¡ ^fph¡R>¡ L¡$ kS>v$p¡ A‰pl A_¡ dpÓ A‰pl dpV¡$ S> R>¡. s¡ rkhpe_u L$p¡B`Zìe[¼s kS>v$p_¡ gpeL$ _\u. rhfp¡^ L$f_pfpAp¡ Ap afL$_¡ kdÆ_\u iL$sp. A\hp kdS>hp_u L$p¡rii _\u L$fsp. A\hp vy$íd_uAp lL$uL$s_¡ [õhL$pfhp\u fp¡L$u g¡ R>¡.

b^p riepAp¡ MpL$ D`f kS>v$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡, MpL$_¡ kS>v$p¡ _\u L$fsp.MpL¡$ `pL$ `f kS>v$p¡ L$fhp¡ Ap¡f R>¡ A_¡ MpL$_p¡ kS>v$p¡ L$fhp¡ Ap¡fR>¡. b^p dykgdp_p¡ Tdu_ `f kS>v$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡, Tdu__¡ kS>v$p¡ _\uL$fsp. L$fbgp_u S>du__¡ vy$r_ep_u bû S>du_p¡ D`f î¡›$sp dm¡guR>¡, l.B. lzk¡_ (A.)_¡ gu ¡ Ap S>du__u `pL$ MpL$_¡ v$f¡L$ S>du__uMpL$ D`f AN°sp dm¡gu R>¡. Ap L$pfZ¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$ D`f kS>v$p¡L$fhp_u S>¡ rhi¡jsp R>¡ s¡ buÆ L$p¡B MpL$_¡ dmu _\u. AdyL$ sfav$pfuL$f_pf gp¡L$p¡_p L$l¡hp\u aTugs_¡ R>p¡X$u v¡$hu s¡dp„ X$lp`Z _\u.

sõbul :_dpT_u sAL$ubpsp¡dp„ aps¡dsyÈT¡lfp kgpdy‰pl¡ Agelp_u

sõbul A¡L$ dlÐh_u sAL$ub R>¡. kp¥ â\d Ap`¡ v$p¡fp_u sõbulb_phu lsu A_¡ Myv$p_p¡ Tu¾$ L$fsp lsp. S>_pb¡ ldTp_u ilpv$s`R>u Ap`¡ s¡d_u L$bf_u dpV$udp„\u sõbul s¥epf L$fu lsu. Aprkgrkgp¡ Qpgy lsp¡. lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u ilpv$s R>uAp`_u `pL$ syfbs\u sõbul s¥epf \hp gpNu.

(b¡lpê$g AÞhpf `|. 101 `p. 33, dL$pf¡dyg A¿gpL$ `p. 281)

54

A_¡ s¡_u S> D`f kS>v$p¡ L$fsp lsp. l. kpv$uL$ (A.k.)A¡ afdpìey„:l.B. lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u syfbs `f kS>v$pl L$fhp\u kps `fv$p lV$uÅe R>¡. A¡L$ buÆ qfhpesdp„ R>¡ : l. kpv$uL$ (A.k.) Myv$p_ubpfNpldp„ _d°sp dpV¡$ a¼s B. lzk¥_ (A.k.)_u syfbs¡ `pL$ `fkS>v$l L$fsp lsp.

(lhpgp¡ : D`f dyS>b `p. 366, l. 3 A_¡ 4)

A‰pl ! A‰pl ! iy„ `pL$ MpL$ R>¡ A_¡ L¡$V$gu JX$u Akf R>¡.S>du__p kps sb½$pAp¡ âL$pris \B Åe R>¡. kps fv$pAp¡ JQL$pBÅe R>¡. âL$pi_p¡ A¡L$ NyZ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡B`Z dS>bys hõsy s¡_¡ApNm h^hp\u fp¡L$u g¡ R>¡. k|e®_p Tmlmsp âL$pi_¡ A¡L$ _Æhp¡`yW$p_p¡ V|$L$X$p¡ ApNm h^hp _\u v¡$sp¡. dpV$u_u qv$hpg s¡_p dpN®dp„ApX$i b_u Åe R>¡. Ap bû hõsyAp¡ AphfZ b_u Åe R>¡ A_¡âL$pi_¡ fp¡L$u g¡ R>¡. `f„sy Ap `pL$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓL$bf R>¡. S>¡_p D`f kS>v$p¡ L$fhp\u S>du__p kps sb½$pAp¡ âL$pris\B Åe R>¡. A_¡ kps `fv$pAp¡ DëV$u Åe R>¡. Äepf¡ lTfs Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.)\u r_õbs Ap`¡g A¡L$ MpL$_u Ap Akfp¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡Myv$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.), Ap`_u Ly$fbp_u A_¡ `rhÓ My__uiy„ Akf li¡. Ap Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u Ly$fbp_u_u S> AkfR>¡. S>¡\u ApS>¡ kS>v$p¡ bpL$u R>¡.

âpZuAp¡ `pk¡ Ap„M_u Örô$ R>¡, `f„sy qv$g_u Örô$ _\u. byqÙ_\u, s¡\u dpÓ _¡Ads D`f _S>f L$f¡ R>¡. _¡Ads Ap`_pf D`f_S>f _\u `lp¢Qsu. BÞkp_ _¡Ads_u kp\¡ _¡Ads Ap`_pf_¡ `ZAp¡mM¡ R>¡. _¡Ads dmhp\u _¡Ads Ap`_pf_p¡ `Z iyL$f Av$pL$f¡ R>¡. `rhÓ MpL$ D`f A¡V$gp dpV¡$ kS>v$p¡ L$fuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ kS>v$p_ukp\¡ kS>v$p_p fnZlpfp¡_u Ly$fbp_uAp¡_¡ epv$ L$fuA¡.

`fv$pAp¡ :lTfs Bdpd Te_yg Apb¡v$u_ (A.k.) Aby ldTp k¡dpgu_u

v$p¡Apdp„ afdph¡ R>¡ :h BßL$ gp slsS>¡bp¡ du_ MëL¡$L$ B‰p A_ slÅ¡blp¡dyg¹

55

AAdpgp¡ vy$_L$.""A¡ Myv$p ! sy„ spfu d¿gyL$\u Ry>`pA¡gp¡ _\u bëL¡$ s¡Ap¡_p

Apdpg¡ spfp A_¡ s¡Ap¡_p hÃQ¡ fv$p¡ pX$u v$u^p¡ R>¡.'' Adpfp Ny_plp¡A_¡ rb_ Bõgpdu Apv$sp¡ s¡ `fv$pAp¡ R>¡ S>¡ Adpfu A_¡ Myv$p_uhÃQ¡ ApX$i R>¡. Adpfp Mfpb L$pdp¡A¡ Myv$p_u dAf¡as_p v$fhpÅb„^ L$fu v$u^p R>¡. Myv$p sp¡ Nfv$__u fN\u h^y _S>qv$L$ R>¡. qv$gD`f Ny_plp¡_p A¡hp `fv$pAp¡ `X¡$gp R>¡ S>¡_p L$pfZ¡ Ad¡ Myv$p\uv|$f \B Nep R>uA¡. Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `pL$ MpL$_u AkfA¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡_p D`f kS>v$p¡ L$fhp\u `fv$pAp¡ lV$u Åe R>¡. BÞkp_Myv$p_u _S>v$uL$ \B Åe R>¡. Ap fus¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$ D`f kS>v$p¡L$fhp\u s¡ l¡sy `|fp¡ \B Åe R>¡ S>¡_p dpV¡$ Ap`Z¡ kS>v$p¡ L$fu füpR>uA¡. A¡V$g¡ Myv$ph„v$p_u _S>v$uL$u.

dlp_ dfsbphpmp Apgudp¡A¡ kps `fv$pAp¡ lV$u S>hp A_¡kps sb½$pAp¡ âL$pris \hp_¡ Ap fus¡ hZ®ìep R>¡ :

_ãk_u kps Mfpb Apv$sp¡ R>¡. S>¡ kÐe_p âL$pris dpN®dp„AX$QZê$` b_¡ R>¡. s¡ R>¡, Ü¡j, Bjp®, gpgQ, sy„X$ duÅÆ`Ï„,dyMp®B, v$Np¡ A_¡ b_phV$, A_¡ bv$_pdu A_¡ lëL$pB. Apdp„\u v$f¡L$QuS> qv$g_¡ A„^L$pfde b_phu v¡$ R>¡. kÐe_p¡ âL$pi Aphhp_p sdpddpNp£ b„^ L$fu v¡$ R>¡. A„^L$pf h^sp¡ Åe R>¡. A‰pl_y„ kh®î¡›$ kS>®_ûf¡ ûf¡ _uQsp_u kp¥\u Dsfsu L$np D`f `lp¢Qu Åe R>¡.

`f„sy Äepf¡ s¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$ D`f kS>v$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡dp„_d°sp A_¡ ApÆÆ `¥v$p \pe R>¡. S>¡ b„v$Nu_u r_ip_u A_¡ b„v$p_p¡L$dpg R>¡ .Ap _d°sp A_¡ ApÆÆ Ap kps `fv$p_¡ Qufu _pM¡R>¡. `fv$p lV$u S>hp\u kÐe_p¡ âL$pi Tmlmu DW¡$ R>¡. A_¡ kpsî¡›$ Apv$sp¡\u qv$g ip¡cu DW¡$ R>¡. X$lp`Z, hQ_, _fd qv$g, _fdõhcph, y¿s r_Z®e, ifd A_¡ lep A_¡ dp¡låbs A_¡ dp¡hØs\uqv$g_u vy$r_ep lfucfu \B Åe R>¡. l. fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)A¡kpQy„ S> afdpìey„ R>¡ :

""Bßg lzke_ duõbplzg lp¡v$p h kau_syßÅs''

57

R> lÅf v$fˆ>pAp¡ :lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `pL$ syfbs\u s¥epf L$f¡g

sõbul_u aTugs S> L„$BL$ Sy>v$u R>¡. Bdpd fTp (A.k.)_u qfhpesR>¡ : ""Å¡ L$p¡B `pL$ syfbs\u b_¡gu sõbul D`f kyålp_‰pl¡ hglçv$p¡rg‰pl¡ hgpA¡gpl B‰‰plp¡ h‰plp¡ AL$bf L$l¡ sp¡ A‰plv$f¡L$ v$pZp D`f R> lÅf _¡L$uAp¡ Ap ¡ R>¡. R> lÅf Ny_plp¡ dpaL$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ R> lÅf v$fˆ>pAp¡ byg„v$ L$f¡ R>¡.''

khpb_p¡ rkgrkgp¡ bpL$u fl¡ R>¡ :Ap sõbul_u A¡L$ rhi¡jsp A¡ `Z R>¡ L¡$ Å¡ L$p¡B dpZk s¡_¡

lp\dp„ fpM¡, s¡ sõbul _ `Z L$fu füp¡ lp¡e, sp¡ s¡_¡ sõbul_p¡khpb dmsp¡ fl¡ R>¡.

(b¡lpê$g AÞhpf 101/133)

lzfp¡_u sdßp :Äepf¡ L$p¡B aqfísp¡ Apkdp_\u S>du_ D`f Aph¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ lzfp¡

s¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Adpfp dpV¡$ sp¡lapdp„ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u L$bf_usõbul gphS>¡.

(b¡lpê$g AÞhpf 101/136)

iuepAp¡ dpV¡$ S>ê$fu R>¡ :lTfs Bdpd dykp L$pTud (A.k.)_u qfhpes R>¡ : iuepAp¡

dpV¡$ S>ê$fu R>¡ L¡$ Ap Qpf QuÅ¡ l„d¡ip `p¡sp_u kp\¡ fpM¡. MSy>f_uQV$pB S>¡_u D`f _dpT `Y$u iL¡$, h]V$u, v$p„sZ A_¡ Bdpd lzke_(A.k.)_u L$bf_u MpL$\u b_¡gu sõbul S>¡dp„ 33 v$pZp lp¡e.Å¡ s¡_¡ `Y$hp_u kp\¡ a¡fhi¡ sp¡ v$f¡L$ v$pZp D`f 40 _¡L$uAp¡ dmi¡A_¡ Å¡ A¡dS> a¡fhi¡ sp¡ 20 _¡L$uAp¡ dmi¡.

(b¡lpê$g A_hpf 101/132)

A¡hy„ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd lzke_ A—.A¡ Ap MpL$_¡ `Z ÆcApù v$uû R>¡. MpL$ `Z Myv$p_u sõbul L$fsu fl¡ R>¡.

60

(6) AdyL$dp„ Qpf¡ bpSy>A¡\u `p„Q afkM (17.5 dpBg A\hp27.5 qL$.du.) R>¡.

(7) AdyL$dp„ Ap fus¡ R>¡ : 25 X$Ngp„ `N_u sfa, 25 Ql¡fp_usfa, 25 ùW$_u sfa, 25 dp\p_u sfa.

(8) AdyL$ qfhpesp¡dp„ 20 X$Ngp_u hps R>¡.Ap qfhpesp¡ A¡L$buÅ_u rhê$Ùdp„ _\u. s¡_y„ L$pfZ L$v$pQ A¡

lp¡e L¡$ MpL$_u Myv$ `p¡sp_u Akf _\u, `f„sy Bdpd lzke_(A.k.)_u v¡$Z R>¡. Mf¡Mf sp¡ Ap` A_¡ Ap`_p Aklpbp¡_p My__y„`qfZpd R>¡. Ap My_ L$fbgpdp„ dpÓ A¡L$ S> S>ÁepA¡ sp¡ _lp¡sy„hüy„, `f„sy gX$pB_p d¡v$p_dp„ W¡$L$ W¡$L$pZ¡ hüy„ lsy„. Äep„ Äep„ A¡L$V$u`y„ `Z `X$éy„ s¡ iap_y„ õ\p_ b_u Ney„.

Ap rkhpe Ap MpL$ S>¡V$gu L$bf_u _S>v$uL$\u g¡hpdp„ Aphi¡s¡V$gu S> s¡_u aTugs h^y li¡. Akf s¡_u h^y dlp_ li¡. v¡$Musuhps R>¡ L$fbgp_u S>du__p¡ s¡ cpN Äep„ lTfs Bdpd lzke_(A.k.) Apfpd afdphu füp R>¡ s¡ sdpd cpNp¡\u DÃQsf A_¡byTyN}hpmu R>¡.

Æb°Bg¡ MpL$ fkyg¡ Myv$p_¡ Apù :Ap `pL$ MpL$_u A¡L$ rhi¡jsp A¡ `Z R>¡ L¡$ Ap MpL$ `rhÓ

lp\p¡dp„ flu A_¡ M|bS> dp_`|h®L$ kpQhhpdp„ Aphsu flu. Bdpdkpqv$L$ (A.k.)_u qfhpes R>¡ : lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) Dçd¡kgdp_p Ofdp„ lsp. A¡V$gpdp„ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) Apìep. s¡kde¡ S>_pb¡ Æb°Bg `Z lsp. Æb°Bg¡ fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)_¡L$üy„ : Ap`_u Dçds Ap`_p Ap afTÞv$_¡ L$Ðg L$fi¡.

lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)A¡ afdpìey„ : d_¡ A¡ MpL$ v¡$MpX$p¡S>¡_p D`f Ap afT„v$_y„ My_ hlphhpdp„ Aphi¡. Æb°Bg¡ A¡L$ dyÌ$uMpL$ Ap`_¡ Apù. Ap Nygpbu f„N_u MpL$ lsu.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps 3/60)

A¡L$ qfhpesdp„ Ap fus¡ R>¡. fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)_u Muv$dsdp„S>¡ aqfísp¡ Aphsp¡ lsp¡ s¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u ilpv$s_p¡ yfkp¡

58

Adyëe sp¡lap¡ :v$f¡L$ dpZk c¡V$-kp¡Npv$dp„ kpfu hõsy Ap ¡ R>¡. sp¡lap¡

Ap`k_p k„b„ p¡_¡ h y dS>bys L$f¡ R>¡. A¡ hps \B Q|L$u R>¡ L¡$ lzfp¡dgL$ pk¡ Ap MpL$_p¡ sp¡lap¡ gphhp_u afdpBi L$f¡ R>¡. s¡\u A„v$pÅ¡Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap MpL$ S>du_\u h^y Apkdp_hpmpAp¡ bëL¡$ b¡rlísdp„fl¡_pfpAp¡ dpV¡$ h y dlÐh ^fph¡ R>¡. s¡_p h y dlÐh_p¡ A„v$pS>Ap qfhpes\u Aph¡ R>¡.

lTfs Bdpd Agu fTp (A.k.)A¡ Myfpkp_\u A¡L$ dpZk_¡A¡L$ p¡jpL$ dp¡L$ëep¡. s¡dp„ MpL$ Z lsu. s¡ dpZk¡ gph_pf_¡ |R¹>ey„,Ap MpL$ L¡$hu R>¡ ? Ap Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓ L$bf_uMpL$ R>¡. Ap` Äepf¡ `Z L$p¡B_¡ `p¡jpL$ L¡$ L$p¡B buÆ hõsy dp¡L$gspÐepf¡ Ap MpL¡$ `pL$ AQ|L$ fpMsp lsp A_¡ afdphsp lsp,""A‰pl_p BS>_\u Ap MpL$ fnZ_y„ dpÝed R>¡.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹ rTepfps `p. 278 l. 1)

v$f¡L$ budpfu dpV¡$ iap :vy$r_epdp„ Ak„¿e fp¡Np¡ R>¡. v$f¡L$ fp¡N_p¡ A¡L$ Mpk BgpS> R>¡,

Mpk v$hp R>¡. v$f¡L$ v$hp v$f¡L$ fp¡N_¡ dpV¡$ AkfL$pfL$ _\u lp¡su.A¡hy„ \pe R>¡ L¡$ A¡L$ v$hp A¡L$ budpfu dpV¡$ gpcL$pfL$ lp¡e A¡ S>v$hp buÅ fp¡N dpV¡$ _yL$kp_L$sp® lp¡e. buSy>„ A¡ L¡$ v$hp_¡ Akf L$fsp`Z kde gpN¡ R>¡. `f„sy Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u L$bf_u `pL$MpL$dp„ A¡hp¡ NyZ R>¡ L¡$ s¡ v$f¡L$ budpfu dpV¡$ iap R>¡.

lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf¡ kpqv$L$ (A.k.)_u qfhpes R>¡ : ""Myv$ph„v¡$Apgd¡ dpfp v$pv$p lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `pL$ syfbs_¡v$f¡L$ budpfu_u iap A_¡ v$f¡L$ ce\u fnZ bÿey„ R>¡.''

(Adpgu-A¡ ieM¡ syku 1/326)

A¡L$ buÆ qfhpesdp„ R>¡ : ""Bdpd lzke__p `rhÓ lfd_uMpL$ v$f¡L$ budpfu_u iap R>¡ A_¡ v$f¡L$ ce\u dy[¼s R>¡.''


59

A¡L$ qfhpesdp„ Ap fus¡ R>¡ : ""Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓL$bf_u MpL$ v$f¡L$ budpfu dpV¡$ iap R>¡ A_¡ A¡ S> kp¥\u dp¡V$u v$hpR>¡ - ""hlp¡h-v$-v$hpDg AL$bf.''

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p. 275)

Ap qfhpesp¡\u õ`ô$ fus¡ kdÆ iL$pe R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd lzke_(A.k.)_u L$bf_u MpL$ v$f¡L$ budpfu_u v$hp R>¡ A_¡ v$f¡L$ ce\udy[¼s R>¡. dpÓ v$hp _\u, `f„sy kh®î¡›$ v$hp R>¡. Ap qfhpesp¡dp„_ sp¡ L$p¡B Mpk rbdpfu_y„ _pd R>¡ _ Mpk ce_y„.

""budpfu ipfuqfL$ lp¡e A\hp QpqfÔe_u L¡$ ê$l_u budpfuAp¡.ipfuqfL$ budpfu_p¡ BgpS> sp¡ lSy> i¼e R>¡, `f„sy _ãk_u-fyl_u-QpqfÔe_u rbdpfu_p¡ BgpS> OZp¡ dyíL¡$g R>¡. A_¡ kde k„Å¡Np¡_¡Å¡sp„ gNcN Ai¼e R>¡. `f„sy Ap `pL$ MpL$ v$f¡L$ budpfu_p¡ BgpS>R>¡. ce `Z dpÓ vy$r_ep_p¡ S> _rl, bfTM_p¡ ce, dyÞL$uf _L$uf_p¡ce, L$bf_p ATpb_p¡ ce.... Ap `pL$ MpL$ v$f¡L$ ce\u dy[¼sd¡mhu Ap`¡ R>¡. bk A¡L$ ifs R>¡. Ap MpL$ dpÓ s¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ gpcv$peu\i¡ S>¡ iap_p eL$u_ kp\¡ Dèp¡N L$fi¡. S>¡ gp¡L$p¡ i„L$p A_¡Arhðpk\u Dèp¡N L$fi¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Mpk gpc _rl dm¡.''


Ap MpL$ ¼ep„\u d¡mhu iL$pe ?A¡L$ khpg A¡ R>¡ L¡ Ap rhriô$ MpL$ L$fbgpA¡ dp¡A‰p_p ¼ep

cpNdp„\u d¡mhhu ?Ap_p A_yk„^p_dp„ Sy>v$u Sy>v$u qfhpesp¡ R>¡. AdyL$ qfhpesp¡dp„

R>¡ L¡$ `rhÓ L$bf D`f\u d¡mhhpdp„ Aph¡.(1) Äepf¡ AdyL$dp„ 70 hpf v|$f_p A„sf kyû d¡mhu iL$pe R>¡.(2) AdyL$dp„ 70 lp\ L$l¡hpdp„ Apìep R>¡.(3) AdyL$dp„ A¡L$ dpBg g¿ey„ R>¡.(4) AdyL$dp„ Qpf dpBg_u `Z hps R>¡.(5) Äepf¡ AdyL$dp„ v$k dpBg g¿ep R>¡.

61

Ap`sp¡ lsp¡ A_¡ Myv$pA¡ sApgpA¡ _½$u L$f¡g S>du__u MbfAp`sp¡ lsp¡ A_¡ s¡_u kp\¡ s¡ MpL$ `Z Ap`sp¡ lsp¡ Äep„ Bdpdlzke_ (A.k.)_¡ T¿dp¡\u Q|f Q|f irlv$ L$fhpdp„ Aphi¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p. 61 l. 8)

A¡L$ qfhpesdp„ R>¡ L¡$ fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)A¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$S>_pb¡ Dçd¡ kgdp_¡ Apù. (L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p. 60-l.4)

Ap âk„Np¡ D`f\u _ dpÓ MpL$_u rhi¡jsp A_¡ dlÐh_p¡ A„v$pS>Aph¡ R>¡, bëL¡$ A¡ `Z S>Zpe Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap MpL$_¡ `p¡sp_u `pk¡fpMhu, ky„Ohu A_¡ s¡_¡ kpQhhu kyßs¡ fkyg R>¡. lh¡ L$p¡B s¡_y„kÞdp_ _ L$f¡ A_¡ s¡_p dlÐh_¡ _ dp_sp¡ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ fkyg A_¡Æb°Bg_u kyßs_p¡ rhfp¡û R>¡. s¡ gp¡L$p¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$_p¡ A¡ls¡fpdA_¡ rlapTs L¡$hu fus¡ L$fu iL$¡ S>¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_p L$Ðgdp„k„X$p¡hpe¡gp lsp A_¡ lpgdp„ s¡_p D`f fpÆ R>¡.

MpL$ d¡mhhp_p r_edp¡ :Ap `pL$ MpL$ L$p¡B dpdygu dpV$u _\u L¡$ Äepf¡ BÃR>p \B A_¡

S>¡hu fus¡ rhQpe®y„ s¡hu fus¡ DW$phu guû A_¡ fpMu guû. `f„sy s¡g¡hp_p A_¡ fpMhp_p r_edp¡ R>¡. A¡L$ dpZk¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aafkpqv$L$ Agerlõkgpd_¡ AfS> L$fu : ""d¢ Ap`_¡ L$l¡sp kp„cþeplsp L¡$ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓ L$bf_u MpL$ v$f¡L$ rbdpfu_uiap R>¡.'' afdpìey„, lp. s¡Z¡ AfS> L$fu : `f„sy d¢ Dèp¡N L$ep£A_¡ d_¡ L$p„B apev$p¡ _\u \ep¡. afdpìey„ : Ap MpL$ d¡mhhp_p r_edp¡R>¡. S>¡ Ap r_edp¡_¡ `pþep hNf Dèp¡N L$fi¡ s¡_¡ apev$p¡ _rl \pe.

(b¡lpf : 101/135)

Sy>v$u Sy>v$u qfhpesp¡dp„ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p r_edp¡ A_¡ v$p¡ApAp¡ gM¡guR>¡. V|„$L$dp„ dpÓ b¡ qfhpesp¡ gMuA¡ R>uA¡ :

S>_pb¡ Aby ldTp k¡dpguA¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$(A.k.)\u fuhpes L$fu R>¡ : Ap` afdph¡ R>¡ : Äepf¡ sd¡ lTfsBdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓ L$bf_u MpL$_p Dèp¡N_p¡ Bfpv$p¡L$fp¡ Ðepf¡ kyfpAp¡ lçv$, Ly$gADTp¡ b¡ f[åbg agL$, Ly$g ADTp¡

64

lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf¡ kpqv$L$ (A.k.)A¡ afdpìey„ : lTfsBdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓ L$bf_u `pL$ MpL$ bfL$shpmuL$õsyfu R>¡. Adpfp iuepAp¡dp„\u S>¡ s¡ Mpi¡ s¡_p dpV¡$ v$f¡L$ budpfu_uiap R>¡. Adpfp vy$íd_ Å¡ s¡_p¡ Dèp¡N L$fi¡ sp¡ s¡ Qfbu_u S>¡dAp¡Nmu S>i¡. Äepf¡ sd¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$ Mphp_p¡ Bfpv$p¡ L$fp¡ sp¡ Apv$p¡Ap `Y$p¡ :

A‰plzçd Bß lpT¡lu su_sp¡ L$b°ug lzke_ h‰ue¡L$ hå_hguèe¡L$ BÑMTsp¡lp rlfT_ g¡dp AMpap¡ hg¡dp gp AMpap¡

A‰plzçd Bßu AõAgp¡L$ b¡l½$u‰Tu L$bTlp hb¡l½$ußbu‰Tu MT_lp h b¡l½$ug hkueu‰Tu lp¡hp aulp A_ sp¡k‰¡eAgp dp¡lçdv$]h h Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$ h A_ sS>Ag gu aul¡ iapA_du_ Ly$‰¡ v$pB_ h Apa¡esu_ du_ Ly$‰¡ bgpB_ h Bdp__ du_Ly$‰¡ Mp¥a b¡flds¡L$ ep Afld fp®l¡du_ h k‰‰plp¡ Agpdp¡lçdv$]h h Apg¡lu hõkgd.

s¡ `R>u Ap âdpZ¡ `Y$p¡ :A‰plzçd Bßu Aílv$p¡ Aß lpT¡lu sfbus... hguèe¡L$ h

Aílv$p¡ Aßlp iapA du_ Ly$‰¡ v$pB_ h Bdp__ du_ Ly$‰¡ Mp¥au_g¡d_ i¡As du_ MgL¡$L$ hguèe¡ flds¡L$ h Aílv$p¡ Aß Ly$‰¡ dpL$ëb aulud h aulp lp¡hg l½$p¡ du_ BÞv$¡L$ h kv$L$g dyfkgu_.

(""dyõsv$fLy$g hkpA¡g'' `|. 10 `p. 339-340 lv$uk 2 rh.)

s¡_p `R>u Ap `Z L$l¡ :A‰plzçd fåb lpT¡lu Ñyfbs dp¡bpfL$s¡ h fåb lpTg

hkueu‰Tu hpfÐlp¡ k‰¡ Agp dp¡lçd]v$ h Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$ hS>Aëlp¡Bëd_ _pa¡A_ h fuÈL$_ hpk¡A_ h i¡apA_ du_ Ly$‰¡ v$pB_.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps 284 l : 2)

Ap rkhpe buÅ `Z rhNshpf r_edp¡ R>¡. S>¡ D`f_u qL$spbdp„Ap`hpdp„ Apìep R>¡. Myv$ Ap v$p¡ApAp¡dp„ õ`ô$ fus¡ S>ZpB Aph¡R>¡ L¡$ Ap `pL$ MpL$dp„ budpfu\u iap, ce_u dy[¼s_u kp\¡ kp\¡apev$pL$pfL$ Bëd A_¡ rhipm fp¡Tu `Z R>¡.

62

b¡fåbußpk, Ly$glp¡ h‰plp¡ Alv$, Bßp AÞTë_p, epku_ A_¡Apesyg Ly$fku_u rsgphs L$fp¡ A_¡ Ap v$p¡Ap `Y$p¡ :-

A‰plzçd b¡l½¡$ dp¡lçdv$u_ Aåv$¡L$ h fkyg¡L$ h lbub¡L$ h_buèe¡L$ h b¡l½¡$ Adufugdp¡Ad¡_u_ Agu Bå_¡ AbuspgubAåv$¡L$ h AMu fkyg¡L$ hb¡l½¡$ aps¡dl buÞs¡ _buèe¡L$ h TìS>s¡hguèe¡L$ hb¡l½ug lk_¡ hg lzke_ hb¡l½¡$ ABçdsu fp®i¡v$u_hb¡l½¡$.. syfbs¡lu hb¡l½$ug dg¡L$ug dp¡h½$g¡ b¡lp, hb¡l½ughkuèeu‰Tu l‰ aulp hb¡l½ug S>kv$u‰Tu sT_çs hb¡l½¡$kuåsu‰Tu TçdÞs hb¡l½¡$ S>duA¡ dgpA¡L$s¡L$ h Açb¡epA¡L$ hfp¡kp¡g¡L$ k‰¡ Agp dp¡lçdv$]h h Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$ hS>A‰u lpTssu_ iapA_ du_ Ly$‰¡ v$pB_ hg¡d_ g¡síap b¡lu du_ Ly$‰¡ v$pB_h kL$du_ h dfTu_ h Adp__ du_ Ly$‰¡ Mp¥a. Aëgplzçd b¡l½¡$dp¡lçdv$]h Alg¡ bes¡lu AS>Aglz Bgd__pa¡A_ h fuÈL$p¦hhpk¡A_ h i¡apA_ du_ Ly$‰¡ v$pB_.. h Apasu_ h Aplsu_h S>duBg Ap¥ÅA¡ Ly$‰¡lp BßL$ Agp Ly$‰¡ ieB_ L$v$uf.

s¡_u `R>u L$l¡ :A‰plzçd fåb lpT¡lu syfbsug dybpfL$sug dedy_s¡ hg

dgL¡$ A‰Tu hy½¡$gp b¡lp hëhkueu‰Tu lp¡h aulp k‰¡ Agpdp¡lçdv$]h h Apg¡ dp¡lçdv$ hk‰d h AÞ_aA_ueb¡lp BßL$Agp Ly$‰¡ ieB_ L$v$uf.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps : 283-284 l. 12)

V|„$L$pZ_¡ Ýep_dp„ fpMu_¡ sfSy>dp¡ fS|> L$fsp _\u. _rl sp¡ Apv$p¡Ap_p hp¼ep¡dp„ OZp„ JX$pZcep® A\® R>¡.

(2) A¡L$ dpZk¡ lTfs Bdpd S>Aaf kpqv$L$ (A—.k.)_¡ AfS>L$fu : ""lz„ OZp¡ rbdpf flz„ Ry>„. ÅsÅs_p fp¡Ndp„ k`X$pA¡gp¡ Ry>„.v$p¡ApAp¡_p¡ Dèp¡N L$fu Q|¼ep¡ Ry>„, `f„sy L$p¡B apev$p¡ _\u \sp¡.''Bdpd (A.k.)A¡ afdpìey„ : lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u rhÓL$bf_u MpL$_p¡ Dèp¡N ip dpV¡$ _\u L$fsp¡ ? s¡dp„ vf¡L$ budpfu_uiap R>¡. A_¡ v$f¡L$ cedp„\u dy[¼s R>¡. Äepf¡ sd¡ MpL$ g¡hp Qplp¡

63

Ðepf¡ L$lp¡ :-A‰plzçd Bßu AõAgp¡L$ b¡l½¡$ lpT¡lu Ñu_s¡ h b¡l½ug

dëL$‰Tu AMTlp hb¡l½¡$ _bueu‰Tu L$bTlp hb¡l½ug hüu‰Tu l‰ aulp k‰¡ Agp dp¡lçdv$ h Alg¡bes¡lu hS>® Aggu aulp i¡apA_ du_ Ly$‰¡ v$pB_ h Adp__ du_ Ly$‰¡ Mp¥au_.

(Myv$pep, spfu `pk¡ khpg L$ê$„ Ry>„ Ap MpL$_p lL$_p hpõspA_¡ s¡ dgL$_p lL$\u S>¡Z¡ Ap MpL$_¡ guû A_¡ s¡ _bu_p lL$\uS>¡Z¡ s¡_¡ `p¡sp_u `pk¡ fpMu A_¡ s¡ hku_p lL$\u S>¡ Apdp„ ApfpdL$fu füp R>¡. dp¡lçdv$ A_¡ s¡d_u Alg¡bes D`f vy$ê$v$ A_¡ kgpddp¡L$g. Ap MpL$_¡ dpfp dpV¡$ v$f¡L$ budpfu_u iap A_¡ v$f¡L$ Mp¡a\u_Ås L$fpf v¡$ (Asp L$f).

s¡ `R>u Bdpd (A.k.)A¡ afdpìey„ : ""S>¡ dgL¡$ s¡ guû s¡Æb°Bg R>¡, S>¡dZ¡ s¡ _bu_¡ v¡$MpX$u A_¡ L$üy„ L¡$ Ap Ap`_p afT„v$_usyfbs R>¡ S>¡_¡ Ap`_p `R>u Ap`_u Dçds L$Ðg L$fi¡. S>¡ _buA¡s¡ fpMu s¡ dp¡lçdv$ dyõsyap (k.A.h.) R>¡. A_¡ S>¡ hku s¡dp„ ApfpdL$fu füp R>¡ s¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) R>¡.''

fphuA¡ AfS> L$fu : Ap MpL$\u iap \hy„ sp¡ kdS>dp„ Apìey„,`f„sy Ap v$f¡L$ ce\u dy[¼s L¡$hu fus¡ R>¡ ?

afdpìey„ : Äepf¡ sd_¡ L$p¡B bpv$ipl A\hp buÅ L$p¡B_p¡ celp¡e Ðepf¡ Of¡\u _uL$msu hMs¡ Ap `pL$ MpL$ sdpfu `pk¡ lp¡eA_¡ s¡_¡ sdpfu `pk¡ fpMsu hMs¡ Ap v$p¡Ap `Y$p¡ :

fphu L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd¡ S>¡ fus¡ k|Q_p Apù lsu s¡hu S> fus¡Dèp¡N L$ep£. lz„ k„ |Z® fus¡ s„vy$fõs \B Nep¡ A_¡ v$f¡L$ ce\u dy[¼sdmu NB.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p.282-83 lv$uk : 10)

MpL$_p¡ Dèp¡N L$fhp_p r_edp¡ :MpL¡$ iap d¡mhhp_u kp\¡ s¡_¡ Mphp_p `Z r_edp¡ R>¡. s¡ dpV¡$

`Z Sy>v$u Sy>v$u v$p¡ApAp¡ Aph¡gu R>¡. V|„$L$pZ_¡ Ýep_dp„ fpMu_¡ Al]dpÓ A¡L$ lv$uk fS|> L$fuA¡ R>uA¡.

65

L¡$hu fus¡ Dèp¡N L$fhp¡ :qfhpesdp„ R>¡ L¡$ dpÓ A¡L$ QZp_p v$pZp S>¡V$gu g¡hu. `R>u

ûf¡ ûf¡ A¡L$ Oy„V$X$p¡ `pZu ùhy„.(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps `p. 286)

aL$ulp¡A¡ (fuThp_y‰pl¡ sApgp Agerld¡) qfhpesp¡_pâL$pidp„ dpV$u Mphu lfpd NZu R>¡. `f„sy sdpd aL$ulp¡A¡ khp®_yds¡A¡ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ lTfs Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓ L$bf_u `pL$MpL$_p¡ (D`f v$ip®h¡g dpÓpdp„) Dèp¡N L$fhp¡ ÅA¡T R>¡. bëL¡$bpmL$_p S>Þd hMs¡ MpL¡$ iap Mhfphhu dyõslb R>¡. L$bfdp„fpMhu `Z dyõslb R>¡.

\p¡X$p âk„Np¡(1) MpL$ My_ \B NB :

kBv$ bu_ Sy>b¥f¡ S>_pb Aåvy$‰p bu_ Aåbpk\u fuhpes L$fuR>¡ L¡$ d¢ _bu (k.A.h.)_p bubu S>_pb Dçd¡ kgdp_p Ofdp„\ufX$hp_p¡ AhpS> kp„cþep¡. Of¡\u _uL$mu A_¡ Å¡ey„ sp¡ b^p ÷u `yê$jp¡s¡d_p Of_u sfa S>B füp lsp. d¢ AfS> L$fu, A¡ Dçdyg dp¡Ad¡_u_Ap` Ap fus¡ ip dpV¡$ fX$u füp R>p¡ ? s¡dZ¡ L„$B S>hpb _ Apàep¡A_¡ b_u Aåvy$g dyÑgub_u ÷uAp¡_¡ L$üy„ L¡$ dpfu kp\¡ fX$p¡ A_¡L$ë`p„s L$fp¡. sdpfp ApL$p, S>ßs_p kfv$pf fkyg (k.A.h.)_pafT„v$ lzke_ (A.k.) iluv$ L$fu v¡$hpdp„ Apìep. gp¡L$p¡A¡ s¡d_¡`|R>ey„ L¡$ Ap`_¡ Ap Mbf ¼ep„\u dmu. Ap`¡ L$üy„ : ""d¢ lTfsfkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)_¡ õhà_pdp„ Å¡ep L¡$ s¡d_p dp\p D`f ^ymA_¡ dpV$u R>¡. d¢ `|R>ey„, sp¡ afdpìey„ L¡$ dpfp v$uL$fp lzke_ (A.k.)_¡L$Ðg L$fu v¡$hpdp„ Apìep. lz„ sfs S> A„v$f NB. Æb°Bg¡ Adu_¡S>¡ syfbs Apù lsu s¡ Å¡B. Ðep„ spSy> A_¡ OË$ gp¡lu v¡$MpÏ„.L$pfZ L¡$ d_¡ afdpìey„ lsy„ L¡$ Äepf¡ Ap MpL$ My_ \B Åe sp¡ kdÆg¡hy„ L¡$ lzke_ (A.k.) L$Ðg L$fu v¡$hpdp„ Apìep.'' S>_pb¡ Dçd¡kgdpA¡ Ap My_ `p¡sp_p Ql¡fp D`f dkmu gu^y„.

(ApdpguA¡ ieM¡ syku 1/322)

68

A_¡ qL$spb¡ hpau_p g¡ML$ S>_pb dp¡lçdv$ aeT¡ L$pip_u `Z lsp.s¡dZ¡ A¡gQu_¡ L$üy„ : sdpfp bpv$ipl A_¡ sdpfp hTufp¡_u A½$gL¡$V$gu Ap¡R>u R>¡. s¡dZ¡ Ap dlp_ L$pd dpV¡$ sdpfu S>¡hp dpZk_¡dp¡L$ëep R>¡. Ap L$pd dpV¡$ sp¡ A¡hp dpZk¡ Aphhy„ Å¡BA¡ L¡$ S>¡ BëdA_¡ Ly$imspdp„ âcyÐh ^fphsp¡ lp¡e.

Ap hpsp¡ kp„cmu_¡ A¡gQu Nyõkp\u °yS>hp gpÁep¡. A¡hy„ gpNsy„lsy„ L¡$ s¡ lgpL$ \B S>i¡. s¡Z¡ L$üy„ L¡$ A¡ Bõgpdu byqÙhp_ ! S>fprh_e A_¡ rhh¡L$\u. S>_pb Bkp A_¡ s¡d_u hpg¡v$p_u L$kd, Å¡Ap` dpê$„ Bëd A_¡ L$dpgp¡ ÅZsp ls¡ sp¡ eL$u_\u Ap S> L¡$lspL¡$ ÷uAp¡A¡ dpfu S>¡hp¡ ¥v$p _\u L$ep£. lz„ L$dpgp¡_p¡ k„N°l Ry>„. `funphMs¡ gp¡L$p¡_u L$v$f \pe R>¡. Å¡ i„L$p lp¡e sp¡ AS>dphu Sy>Ap¡. S>_pbdp¡lØuk aeT¡ L$pip_uA¡ `p¡sp_p NS>hpdp„ lp\ _p¿ep¡ A_¡ b„dyÌ$u L$pY$u_¡ `|R¹>ey„ : dpfu Ap dyÌ$udp„ iy„ R>¡ ? A^p® L$gpL$ kyûA¡gQu rhQpf L$fsp¡ füp¡. Ql¡fp¡ ùmp¡ `X$u Nep¡, f„N bv$gpB Nep¡.

aeT¡ L$pip_uA¡ L$üy„, Aop_sp My‰u `X$u NB. lL$uL$s Ål¡f\B NB. A¡gQuA¡ L$üy„ : S>_pb Bkp A_¡ s¡d_u hpg¡v$p_u L$kd.Ap`_u dyÌ$udp„ iy„ R>¡ s¡ d_¡ Mbf R>¡. dpfu tQsp A_¡ Q|`L$uv$u_y„L$pfZ L$p¡B buSy>„ R>¡. afdpìey„, s¡ iy„ ?

A¡gQuA¡ L$üy„, Ap`_u dyÌ$udp„ S>ßs_u dpV$u R>¡. lz„ rhQpf L$ê$„Ry>„ L¡$ Ap dpV$u Ap`_u `pk¡ ¼ep„\u Aphu.

aeT¡ L$pip_uA¡ L$üy„, b_hpÅ¡N R>¡ L¡$ sdpfp¡ rlkpb Mp¡V$p¡ lp¡e.rkÙp„s A_¡ r_ed kpQp¡ _ lp¡e.

A¡gQuA¡ L$üy„, A¡hy„ _\u. lz„ dpÓ Ap bpfpdp„ rhQpfu füp¡ Ry>„.aeT¡ L$pip_uA¡ L$üy„, A¡ A¡gQu dpfu dyÌ$udp„ L$fbgp_u MpL$

R>¡. Adpfp _bu lTfs dp¡lçdv$ dyõsyap (k.A.h.)A¡ afdpìey„ R>¡,L$fbgp S>ßs_p¡ A¡L$ V|$L$X$p¡ R>¡. Å¡ sdpfp rlkpb, rkÙp„s A_¡ r_edp¡kpQp R>¡ sp¡ sdpf¡ Bdp_ gphhy„ Å¡BA¡.

kauf¡ L$üy„, Ap _y„ L$l¡hy„ kpQy„ R>¡. kauf Ðep„S> dykgdp_ b_u Nep¡.(Akfpê$íilpv$s 1/523-24)

66

Ap L$fbgp_u MpL$ R>¡ S>¡ Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_p Nddp„ My_b_u Åe R>¡.(2) k„`|Z® iap dmu NB :

Ap `pL$ MpL$\u iap d¡mh_pfpAp¡_u k„¿ep OZu h^pf¡ R>¡.Ap` `Z Aphp Myi_kub gp¡L$p¡_¡ ÅZsp lip¡. S>¡Ap¡_¡ Ap `pL$MpL$\u iap dmu lp¡e. Å¡ dpÓ Ap âk„Np¡_¡ c¡Np L$fhpdp„ Aph¡sp¡ A¡L$ dp¡V$y„ A¡hy„ `yõsL$ s¥epf \B iL¡$. _uQ¡ dpÓ A¡L$ âk„N_y„hZ®_ L$fu¡ R>uA¡. Ap b_ph k_v$\u rbgLy$g rhðk_ue R>¡. Apb_phdp„ dAkyd `Z kp\¡ lp¡hp\u s¡_y„ dlÐh OÏ„ hû Åe R>¡.S>¡ M|bS> V|„$L$pZdp„ fS|> L$fuA¡ R>uA¡.

S>_pb dp¡lçdv$ bu_ dy[õgd Bdpd bpL$uf A_¡ Bdpd kpqv$L$Agel¡dyõkgpd_p M|bS> rhíhpk`pÓ A_¡ _S>qv$L$_p kp\uv$pflsp. s¡Ap¡ gM¡ R>¡ :

lz„ dv$u_A¡ dy_ìhfp Nep¡. s¡ kde¡ dpfp `Np¡dp„ A¡V$gp¡ kMsvy$:Mphp¡ lsp¡ L¡$ Ecy„ _lp¡sy„ \B iL$psy„. gp¡L$p¡A¡ Bdpd bpL$uf(A.k.)_¡ dpfp v$fv$_u hps L$fu. Bdpd (A.k.)A¡ ê$dpgdp„ Y$p„L¡$gp¡A¡L$ `pZu ùhp_p¡ àepgp¡ `p¡sp_p Nygpd_u kp\¡ dp¡L$ëep¡. Nygpd¡àepgp¡ Apàep¡ A_¡ L$üy„ L¡$ Ap ù Åh. Bdpd¡ d_¡ afdpìey„ R>¡ L¡$lz„ Ðep„ kyû _ ÅJ Äep„ kyû sd¡ Ap `pZu ù _ ÅJ. d¢ s¡àepgp¡ gu^p¡ s¡_u kyN„^ L$õsyfu S>¡hu lsu. s¡_p¡ õhpv$ î¡›$ lsp¡.àepgp¡ OZp¡ W„$X$p¡ lsp¡. Äepf¡ d¢ s¡ àepgp¡ ù gu^p¡ Ðepf¡ Nygpd¡d_¡ L$üy„, sdpfp ApL$pA¡ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ àepgp¡ ù_¡ `R>u dpfu `pk¡Aphp¡. lz„ rhQpfhp gpÁep¡ L¡$ lz„ sp¡ DW$u `Z _\u iL$sp¡. lz„ L¡$hufus¡ Åh. `f„sy S>¡hy„ s¡ `pZu dpfp ¡V$dp„ `lp¢Ãey„ s¡hy„ S> dpfp `N_y„b^y„ v$fv$ dV$u Ney„. lz„ Ecp¡ _lp¡sp¡ \B iL$sp¡ `f„sy s¡ ù^p `R>uM|bS> Apfpd A_¡ Apkp_u\u dpfp `N¡ Qpgu_¡ Bdpd (A.k.)_uMuv$dsdp„ lp¢Ãep¡. d¢ fÅ dpNu. Bdpd (A.k.)A¡ byg„v$ AhpS>\udpfp s„vy$fõs \hp_u Mbf Apù A_¡ lpS>f \hp_u fÅ Apù.lpS>f \B_¡ d¢ kgpd L$fu. lp\p¡ A_¡ `rhÓ L$`pm_¡ Qy„b_ L$e®y„....

67

Bdpd (A.k.)A¡ `|R¹>ey„ : sd_¡ s¡ `pZu L¡$hy„ gpÁey„. d¢ AfS> L$fu:lz„ Nhplu Ap y„ Ry>„ L¡$ Ap` Alg¡bes¡ fl¡ds R>p¡. A_¡ Ap` Mf¡MfhkuAp¡_p hku R>p¡. Ap`¡ dp¡L$g¡g `pZu Ap`_p Nygpd¡ d_¡ Apàey„.s¡ kde¡ lz„ Dcp¡ _lp¡sp¡ \B iL$sp¡. lz„ Myb r_fpi \B Q|¼ep¡lsp¡. d¢ s¡ `pZu ù^y„. d¡„ s¡_p\u h^y kyN„û, õhpqv$ô$ A_¡ W„$Xy$`pZu _\u Å¡ey„. pZu u^p R>u Nygpd¡ L$üy„ : Bdpd¡ sd_¡ bp¡gpìepR>¡. d¢ rhQpe®y„ lz„ S>ê$f S>Bi `R>u cg¡ Æh `Z _uL$mu Åe.`f„sy ù^p `R>u dpfp b^p v$fv$p¡ dV$u Nep. hMpZ s¡ Myv$p_p S>¡Z¡Ap`_¡ Ap`_p iuepAp¡ dpV¡$ f¡lds b_pìep.

Bdpd¡ afdpìey„ : A¡ dp¡lçdv$ sd¡ S>¡ `pZu ù^y„ s¡dp„ lTfsBdpd lzke_ (A.k.)_u `rhÓ L$bf_u MpL cm¡gu lsu. iapdpV¡$ kp¥\u h^y kpfu ApS> `pL$ MpL$ R>¡. s¡_u kfMpdZudp„ L$p¡BQuS> _\u. Ad¡ Adpfu ÷uAp¡ A_¡ bpmL$p¡_¡ Ap S> ùhfphuA¡R>uA¡. A_¡ v$f¡L$ âL$pf_u bfL$sp¡ d¡mhuA¡ R>uA¡.

(L$pd¡gyT¹ Tuepfps 7/275-77œ)

Ap b_ph D`f\u ¿epg Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Bdpd `p¡sp_p iuepAp¡_¡L¡$V$gp Qpl¡ R>¡. A_¡ L¡$V$gy„ Ýep_ fpM¡ R>¡. (Ap rhi¡jsp Ap`ZpS>dp_p_p Bdpd Agerlõkgpddp„ `Z R>¡. Ap`Z¡ dpÓ dp¡lçdv$bu_ dy[õgd b_hy„ Å¡BA¡.) MpL$_u spkuf, ùhX$phhp_p¡ A„v$pS>,spkuf_u TX$`, ù_pfp_p¡ rhðpk.(3) S>ßs_u MpL$ :

kahu bpv$ipl_p S>dp_pdp„ Bõalp_dp„ eyfp¡ \u A¡L$ A¡gQuApìep¡. s¡ Ap`Zp Apgudp¡ `pk¡\u Ap`Zp _bu (k.A.h.)_u_byìhs_u v$gug dpNsp¡ lsp¡. Ap A¡gQu `p¡sp_p lzßfdp„ r_óZpslsp¡. Ap„L$X$pip÷, MNp¡mip÷ A_¡ Äep¡rsj ip÷ rhN¡f¡dp„ r_óZpslsp¡. gp¡L$p¡_u [õ\rs bsphsp¡ lsp¡ s¡ fus¡ `p¡sp_u dp¡V$pB kprbsL$fsp¡ lsp¡, A_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ ê$Apb S>dphhp dpNsp¡ lsp¡. A¡L$ qv$hks¡Z¡ bpv$ipl_¡ L$üy„ L¡$ il¡f_p sdpd rhÜp_p¡_¡ bp¡gph¡ S>¡\u s¡`p¡sp_u lp¡riepfu A_¡ Ly$imsp bsphu iL¡$. rhÜp_p¡dp„ sakuf¡ kpau

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Bdpd lzke_ (A.k.) dpÓ rlv$pes_p rQfpN _\u, bëL¡$ S>¡QuS> Ap`_p\u k„g‚ \B Åe R>¡ s¡ `Z dp\p\u `N kyû rlv$pesb_u Åe R>¡. fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.)A¡ kpQy„ afdpìey„ R>¡ : ""Mf¡Mflzke_ rlv$pes_p rQfpN R>¡ A_¡ _Ås_u L$ísu R>¡.''

hpsp¡ sp¡ lÆ OZu R>¡, `f„sy AhL$pi_p L$pfZ¡ Ap g¡M_¡ Al]`|fp¡ L$fu_¡ v$p¡Ap dpV¡$ lp\ KQp L$ê$„ Ry>„. Ap `pL$ MpL$ Ap`ZpdpV¡$ vy$r_ep A_¡ ApM¡$fs_u sdpd budpfuAp¡ dpV¡$ A_¡ sdpd ce\udy[¼s_y„ L$pfZ b_¡. Ap`Z_¡ `Z Ap MpL$_u S>¡d `pL$ \hy„ _kub\pe.

Apdu_...

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Bdpd lzk¥ (A.k.) u Tuepfs...5 Ap kp„cmu_¡ Aklpb¡ L$üy„ : Myv$p_u L$kd ! A¡ dpZk_u lpgs L¡$hu Mfpb A_¡ bfbpv$ R>¡. lTfs fkyg¡ Myv$p (k.A.h.) A¡ afdpìey : ""iy„ lz„