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Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
ЕЕlena lena ММ. . LatkovskayaLatkovskaya, , Tatyana Tatyana АА. . BelanBelan, Vladimir B. , Vladimir B. KrasavtsevKrasavtsev, , Alexandra V. Alexandra V. PoltevaPolteva, , IrinaIrina V. V.
MotylkovaMotylkova, , TatyanaTatyana G. G. KorenevaKoreneva, , TatyanaTatyana A. A. MogilnikovaMogilnikova
"Conditions of"Conditions of hydrobiologicalhydrobiologicalcommunity formation in the community formation in the
lagoons of northlagoons of north--eastern eastern Sakhalin IslandSakhalin Island""
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
EEcological cological observationsobservations were conducted in 1995were conducted in 1995--20020011The objective- the study of the abiotic and biotic components of ecosystems and evaluation of influence of main environmental factors on formation of biological communities
The Complex studies in The Complex studies in the the baybayssincludeincludedd::hydrological and hydrological and hydrochemicalhydrochemicalresearchesresearches;;The Study The Study of plankton community of plankton community parameterparameterss;;The StudyThe Study of granulometric of granulometric composition of the composition of the ssedimentediment;;The Study The Study of benthicof benthic communitcommunitiesies;;IIchthyologicalchthyological researchesresearches;;MiMiccrobiologirobiologicalcal researchesresearches;;The Study of the contents The Study of the contents of of pollutpollutants in the water, sediment ants in the water, sediment and and hydrobiont’shydrobiont’s tissuetissue..
Period Sampling areas Expedition1995 (June, September)
Nyyskiy SakhNIRO
1996 (June, August)
Nyyskiy, Nabil, Chayvo, Pilitun
SakhNIRO
1997 (June, September)
Nyyskiy, Chayvo, Nabil
SakhNIRO
1998 (June, September
Nyyskiy SakhNIRO
1999 (June-July)
Pilitun, Chayvo, Nyyskiy, Nabil
SakhNIRO+ECS (Ecological company of Sakhalin)
2000 (July) Lunskiy, Nyyskiy SakhNIRO2001 (September)
CHayvo SakhNIRO
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Sampling areasSampling areas
140 145 150 155 160
45
50
55
Sakh
alin
The Okhotsk Sea
1234
5
6
7
8 9
10
11
12
15-13
16 17
18
4748-505152
м. Химимбанчм. Охотников
о. Аркуту
руч. Хоябусибин
о. Баута
р. ВалВал
м. Ледовыйм. Ульвор. Аскасай м. Камбрульбаш
12
3
4
5
6
2p
3p4p1p
1/2345
6
7
891011121314
1516
1718
1920
212223
2425
2627
28
29 30 31
32/33 34 35
36/3738394041/42
4344
45 4647
48/49
р.Пильтун
р.Паромай
р.Мухто
р.Кадыланьи м.Кашкалебагш
м.Чиркпа
м.Бон-Бон
м.Медвежий
о.Заселенныйо.Чайка
м.Тамары
м.Плющев
КАТАНГЛИ
о-ва Чаячьи
12 11
9
8
10
76
54
32
1
о. Керуту
о. Гетабу
р. Дагио. Лярво
о. Каурунани
р. Нельбуга
Ноглики
о. Кротовский
м. Медвежий
о. Такрво
о. Баяндина
р. Баури
р. М. Баури
Руч. М. Венио. М.Куличий
о. Гафовича
2118 19
1716
12
203 4 56
7
15 14
13
12
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
Piltun
ChayvoNyyskiy
Nabil
Sampling station .
11 7
1234
5
6
7
8 9
10
11
1215-13
16 17
18
4748-505152
123456
789 11 10
121314
15 16
17
1821
22
23
27
28
2526
24
1920
r. T
engi
r. Kiri
r. Kyrlni
r. Kavle
oz. Yuzhnoye
Lunskiy
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Bathymetric map (A) and Bottom Bathymetric map (A) and Bottom and surface salinity (B) and surface salinity (B) on tide in Piltun and Nabilon tide in Piltun and Nabil
КАТАНГЛИ
о.Чайка
о-ва Чаячьи
м.Плюшев
м.Медвежий
Nabil А Б
р.Пильтун
р.Паромай
р.Мухто
р.Кадыланьи
м.Кашкалебагш
м.Чиркпа
м.Бон-Бон
ПАРОМАЙ
ПИЛЬТУН
м.Матны
Piltun
р.Пильтун
р.Паромай
р.Мухто
р.Кадыланьи
м.Кашкалебагш
м.Чиркпа
м.Бон-Бон
ПАРОМАЙ
ПИЛЬТУН
м.Матны
А Б
-2
1
4
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
0
bottombottomsurfacesurface
The Piltun and Nabil are wide with long narrow entrances. The depth varies from 0.6 to 2 m, 1.2 m in averageThe marine water doesn’t cover all area of this Bay on high tide.
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Bathymetric map (A) and Bottom and surface salinity (B) on tide Bathymetric map (A) and Bottom and surface salinity (B) on tide in Chayvo and Nyyskiy Baysin Chayvo and Nyyskiy Bays
м. Химимбанч
о. Аркуту
руч. Хоябусибин
о. Баута
р. Вал
Вал
р. Аскасай
м. Химимбанч
о. Аркуту
руч. Хоябусибин
о. Баута
р. Вал
Вал
р. Аскасай
Залив Чайво
о. Иркимибу
А Б
о. Иркимибу
р. Даги
р. Нельбуга
Ноглики
р. Баури
р. М. Баури
Руч. М. Вени
р. Даги
р. Нельбуга
Ноглики
р. Баури
р. М. Баури
Руч. М. Вени
NyyskiyА Б
surfacesurfacebottombottom
Chayvo
The Chayvo and Nyyskiy are narrow with short wide entrances. The depth varies from 0.6 to 2 m, 1. 5 m in averageThe marine water covers practically all area of these Bays on high tide.
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Bathymetric scheme (A) and Bottom and surface salinity (B) Bathymetric scheme (A) and Bottom and surface salinity (B) in Lunskiy Bayin Lunskiy Bay
3.38 3.43 3.48
1.2
11.2
61.3
11.3
65
55
5
14 14 14
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
h
m
A
3.38 3.43 3.48
1.2
11
.26
1. 3
11
.36
55
55
14 14 14
0
3
5
8
13
17
21
25
27
s_d
S
Bottom salinityBottom salinity3.38 3.43 3.48
1.2
11.2
61
.31
1.3
65
55
5
14 14 14
0369121518212427
S_0
S
Surface salinitySurface salinityDepth, mDepth, m
The Lunskiy is the smallest, deepest and the most salinity at any phase of tide.
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
The main parameters of different types of water The main parameters of different types of water in northin north--eastern Sakhalin lagoonseastern Sakhalin lagoons
05
101520253035404550
d,m t0C
S, ‰
BOD,
mgO
/l
РО43
-, m
kg/l
Si-S
iO3,
mg/
l
Ch a
, mkg
/l
DО, m
g/l
TSS,
mg/
l
conc
entra
tions
123
11-- in the rivers and in the its mouths (The highest in the rivers and in the its mouths (The highest concentrations of BOD, Silicates, Phosphates, TSS)concentrations of BOD, Silicates, Phosphates, TSS)22-- in lagoons in lagoons 33-- near near entranceentrances and tidal s and tidal channelchannelss
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Water parameters during 24 hours in Chayvo Bay 8-9 September, 2001
10.5
15.5
20.5
25.5
9.49.910.410.911.411.912.412.913.4
Salinity ppt
t C
354045505560657075
12.00 15.00 18.00 21.00 0.00 3.00 6.00 9.00 12.007911131517192123
РО43-NO3-,
mkg/lmkg/l
8.09 9.09
Temperature and salinityPhosphates and nitrates
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
12.00 15.00 18.00 21.00 0.00 3.00 6.00 9.00 12.002
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
OSi
mg/lmg/l
Silicates and DO
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
chlorophyll a
59mkg/l
Chlorophyll a
Low tide Low tide Low tide Low tideThe water on low tide brings from the bays more amount of phosphates, silicates, and chlorophyll. The seawater is enrichment by dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrates
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
The grain size distribution of upper sediment layer The grain size distribution of upper sediment layer in northin north--eastern Sakhalin lagoonseastern Sakhalin lagoons
0102030405060708090
100
>1 1-0.5 0.5-25 0.25-0.1 0.1-0.05 0.05-0.01 < 0.01
sediment fractions, mm
% 123coas ta l zone
11-- in the rivers and in the mouths (gravel and middle sand are prein the rivers and in the mouths (gravel and middle sand are predominant here)dominant here)22-- in lagoons (in lagoons (siltysilty sand and silt)sand and silt)33-- near near entranceentrances and s and channelchannels (gravel)s (gravel)The fine and middle grain sand are dominant on the nearest shelfThe fine and middle grain sand are dominant on the nearest shelf (not far from (not far from entrances) and their entrances) and their percentagepercentage are higher, than inside the bays are higher, than inside the bays
Bottom sediments of the Bays Bottom sediments of the Bays
12
3
4
5
6
7
8
р. Даги
р. Имчин
р. Тымь
р. Баури
р. Томи
р. Тапауна
1 - clay with detritus2 - pelit silt3 - alevrit silt4 - alevrit5 - fine sand6 - middle sand7 - coarse sand
143.10 143.20 143.30
143.10 143.20 143.30
52.3
052
. 40
5 2.5
052
.60
52.3
052
. 40
5 2.5
052
.60
1
2
3
4
5
4 - alevrit5 - fine sand6 - middle sand7 - coarse sand8 - gravel
1-3 - absent
6
5
4
7
8
5
456784 - pelit and alevrit
5 - fine sand6 - middle sand7 - coarse sand8 - gravel
There are 8 main type of sediments, butThere are 8 main type of sediments, butNot all of them are presented in each lagoon Not all of them are presented in each lagoon
р. Эрри
р. Сабо
р. Кадыланьи
р. Паромай
р. Пильтун
0.50
1.50
2.50
3.50
4.50
5.50
6.50
7.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1 - clay with detritus2 - pelit silt3 - alevrit silt4 - alevrit5 - fine sand6 - middle sand7 - coarse sand
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Distribution of Al in upper layer of bottom Distribution of Al in upper layer of bottom sediment of the Bays, sediment of the Bays, ppmppm dry weightdry weight
53°
20'
53°
00'
143° 05' 143° 15'
р. Эрри
р. Сабо
р. Кадыланьи
р. Паромай
р. Пильтун
0
2000
3000
5000
8000
12000
Al, mkg/g dry weight
р. Тапауна
р. Даги
р. Томи
р. Баури
р. Тымь
р. Имчин
0
1000
3000
5000
8000
10000
13000
15000
Al, mkg/g dry weight
143.10 143.20 143.30
143.10 143.20 143.30
52
.30
52
.40
52
.50
52
.60
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
Al, mkg/g dry weight
3.38 3.43 3.48
1.2
11.2
61.3
11
.36
55
55
14 14 14
Al_k
0
3000
6000
9000
12000
Al, mkg/g dry weight
0
3000
6000
9000
12000
Al, mkg/g dry weight
The zone of this metal accumulations is very close to distribution of fine sediment
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS; Lab analisys: TINRO-center, Kovekovdova L. T.
The concentration of metals and total petroleum Hydrocarbons (HYThe concentration of metals and total petroleum Hydrocarbons (HY) in ) in upper sediment layer in the northupper sediment layer in the north--eastern Sakhalin lagoons eastern Sakhalin lagoons
11-- in the rivers and in in the rivers and in the mouthsthe mouths22-- in lagoons in lagoons 33-- near near entranceentrances and s and channelchannelss
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
h, m Al, % Fe, % Hgx10 Cu Pb Cdx10 Co As
metalls
conc
entra
tion,
mkg
/g d
ry w
eight
123coastal zone
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
s ,%o Zn Cr Ba Ni НУmeta lls
conc
entra
tion,
mkg
/g d
ry w
eigh
t 123coastal zoneThe concentration of most elements The concentration of most elements
(except As and Hg) and NY were below (except As and Hg) and NY were below in marine areas and nearest shelfin marine areas and nearest shelf
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Metal concentrations in the upper layer of Metal concentrations in the upper layer of bottom sediment of Bays, bottom sediment of Bays, ppmppm dry weightdry weight
Bays Al Fe Zn V Ni Cr Cu P b Co Cd HgChayvo Mean 6414 8643 24.2 28.7 16.6 20.5 6.87 3.13 3.29 0.050 0.011
S D 5799 4994 20.4 15.1 12.1 15.0 3.95 3.34 2.24 0.000 0.010Nabil Mean 4996 6520 21.8 21.7 16.3 17.7 5.89 1.46 2.65 0.081 0.013
S D 3583 3451 15.5 8.2 17.2 18.4 3.53 1.65 2.43 0.082 0.007Nyys kiy Mean 8300 8131 28.2 21.1 11.1 12.6 5.83 2.88 2.92 0.089 0.010
S D 4395 5892 20.2 6.6 9.2 10.2 3.64 2.68 2.29 0.066 0.004P iltun Mean 2718 4429 13.6 20.0 11.4 11.7 4.38 1.15 1.46 0.053 0.010
S D 1950 3456 11.3 0.0 12.5 9.7 1.95 1.27 1.25 0.012 0.005Luns kiy Mean 3839 15490 36.6 29.5 12.7 16.1 10.52 9.85 4.64 0.208 0.042
S D 4507 12470 25.3 20.7 9.2 10.8 8.00 7.18 2.44 0.171 0.034
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Ratio of ecological groups of Ratio of ecological groups of phytoplankton in surface water of phytoplankton in surface water of
different sampling areasdifferent sampling areasLunskiy
0102030405060
8 9 10 18 12 6 23 13 17 11 20 22 27 2 2505101520253035
marine freshwaterfreshwater-brackish freshwater, perhaps, brackish-marinebrackish brackish-marineS, surface S, bottom
% %o
Station0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
9 11 40 49 15 16 18 20 21 24 26 29 35 37 58 (0)low tide
58 (0)hightide
станции
%
fre s hwate r fre s hwate r-brackis hmarine brackis h-marinebrackis h fre s hwate r, pe rhaps , brackis h-marine
ChayvoNear entranceNear rivers
Central parts of bay Near rivers Central parts of bayNear
entrance
0
100
200
300
400
500
12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00
time
density,thousandcell/lbiomass, mg/m3
The dynamic of phytoplankton density and biomass during 24 hours in Chayvo
-the quantity is increasing on low tide
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Distribution of Total biomass of phytoplankton in the northDistribution of Total biomass of phytoplankton in the north--eastern Sakhalin lagoons, mg/meastern Sakhalin lagoons, mg/m33
143.10 143.20 143.30
143.10 143.20 143.30
52
.30
52
.40
52
.50
52
.60
52
.30
52
.40
52
.50
52
.60
0
10
25
50
100
200
300
500
1000
1500
mg/ cub. m
Distribution of total phytoplankton biomass
3.38 3.43 3.48
1.2
11
.26
1.3
11
.36
123456
789 11 10
121314
15 16
17
18
21
22
23
27
28
2526
24
1920
55
55
14 14 14
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
950
2000
?
Distribution of total phytoplankton biomass
mg/ cub. m
-50
0
10
25
50
100
200
300
400
500
mg/ cub. m
Distribution of total phytoplankton biomass
51 5
4'52
03'
52 0
3 '5 1
54 '
оо о
о
о. Гафовича
0
25
50
100
200
300
400
500
1000
Distribution of total phytoplankton biomass
mg/ cub. m
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Ratio of phytoplankton taxonomic groups biomass in Ratio of phytoplankton taxonomic groups biomass in the norththe north--eastern Sakhalin lagoons, %eastern Sakhalin lagoons, %
Ratio of phytoplankton taxa in Chayvo Bay, %
BacillariophytaCryptophytaChlorophytaDinophytaEuglenophytaCyanophytaCrysophyta
BacillariophytaChlorophytaCrysophytaCryptophytaDinophytaEuglenophytaCyanophyta
Ratio of phytoplankton taxa in Luns kiy Bay, %
BACILLARIOP HYTA
CHLOROP HYTA
CHRYZOP HYTA
CRYP TOP HYTA
CYANOP HYTA
DYNOP HYTA
Ratio of phytoplankton taxa in Piltun Bay, %
-Diatoms dominated over the whole Bays- In Piltun the part of fresh water green and green-blue algae was increased- In Lunskiy – golden and dinoflagellates were more abundant- In Chayvo – Euglenophyta share was higher
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Distribution of the Total biomass of macrozoobenthos in the Distribution of the Total biomass of macrozoobenthos in the northnorth--eastern Sakhalin lagoons, wet weight, g/meastern Sakhalin lagoons, wet weight, g/m2 2
-20
1
5
10
50
100
g/sq.m
Total biomass of macrozoobenthos
51 5
4'52
03
'
52
03'
51 5
4'
оо о
о
о. Гафови
ча
0
5
10
25
50
100
g/sq.m
Total biomass of macrozoobenthos
143.10 143.20 143.30
143.10 143.20 143.30
52
.30
52
.40
52
.50
52.6
0
52
.30
52
.40
52
.50
52.6
0
1104090140190240290340390>500
Total biomass of macrozoobenthos
g/sq.m 1
5
10
25
50
100
500
1000g/sq.m
Total biomass of macrozoobenthos
3.38 3.43 3.48
1.2
11.2
61
.31
1.3
6
123456
789 11 10
121314
15 16
17
18
21
22
23
27
28
2526
24
1920
55
55
14 14 14
-40
5
20
55
105
155
205
0
б
g/sq.m
Total biomass of macrozoobenthos
In most cases very similar with distribution of fine sediments
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Ratio of Ratio of macrozoobenthicmacrozoobenthic taxonomic groups in the northtaxonomic groups in the north--eastern Sakhalin lagoons eastern Sakhalin lagoons
Ratio of biomas s macrozoobenthic groups in Chayvo, %
Amphipoda BivalviaPolychaetaDipteraGas tropodaIs opoda others
Ratio of biomas s macrozaoobe nthic groups in Nyys kiy Bay, %
BivalviaPolychae taOligochae taAmphipodaDipteraothers
-Bivalve (Macoma balthica, Liocyma fluctuosa) were more abundant in all bays- In Lunskiy – Cumacea, Polychaeta, Cirripedia and Echiurida were significant- In Nyyskiy and Piltun – oligochaets had visible biomass.
Ratio o f bio mas s mac ro zo o be nthic g ro ups in Luns kiy, %
EchiuridaAmphipodaBivalviaCirripe diaCumace aDe capodaGas tropodaP olychae taOthe rs
AmphipodaDipteraBivalviaGas tropodaOlygochaetaIs opodaPolychaetaothers
Ratio of biomas s macrozoobe nthic groups in Piltun, %
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Distribution of the biomass ofDistribution of the biomass of Macoma Macoma balthicabalthica, wet weight, g/m, wet weight, g/m22
143.10 143.20 143.30
143.10 143.20 143.30
52. 3
052
.40
5 2.5
05 2
.60
52. 3
052
.40
5 2.5
05 2
.60
-50
0
50
100
150
200
500
0
g/sq.m
Distribution of biomass Macoma balthica
-50
0
50
100
500
1000
1500
g/ sq. m
Distribution of Macoma balthica biomass
5 1 5
4'52
03
'
52 0
3'51
54'
оо о
о
о. Гафови
ча
0
2.5
5
10
25
50
100
200
500
Distribution of Macoma balthica biomass
g/ sq. m
3.38 3.43 3.48
1.2
11.2
61.3
11.3
65
55
5
14 14 14
0
5
10
20
30
40
50
100
б
g/ sq. m
Distribution of Macoma balthica biomass
0102030405060708090100
g/ sq. m
Distribution of Macoma balthica biomass
Piltun Chayvo Nyyskiy
Lunskiy
Nabil
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
Bottom Community structure of Chayvo and Bottom Community structure of Chayvo and Piltun BaysPiltun Bays
Communities Station Dominant species Biomass, Density, НI 10, 15, 16, 22, 26,
27, 35, 41, 42, 47Kamaka kutchae+Eogammarus kygi
8.2 ± 11.8 7524.6 ± 6076.5
0.92 ± 0.75
III 11, 13, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 44, 45, 46
Corbicula sirotski+Macoma balthica+ (Potamocarbula amurensis)
123.2 ±86.7 4234.8 ± 4467.4
1.41 ± 0.68
IV 1P, 2P, 36, 37,38, 39, 40
M. baltica+Liocyma fluctuosa
174.7 ± 289.8 2817.4 ± 1442.5
1.98 ± 0.51
4652.7 ± 3489.8
1.74 ± 0.70
II 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 14, 21, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 43
K. kutchae 4.4 ± 4.4
Piltun Chayvo
Density, Нind/m2
2.28±0.63
2.12±0.6
1.48±1.09
IV 64, 63, 61, 60, 58, 55
Nephtys caeca + Spio filicornis 4.62
9800±19423 1.42±0.80
0.62±0.5
VI 42, 3, 31 N. awatchensis +Amphiporidae gen. sp.
1.82
723±1058 0.76±0.66
III 6, 20, 32 Macoma baltica+Hediste diversicolor
980±96833.8
27.5
II 2, 10, 17, 30, 33
Macoma baltica798±605
I 9, 12, 15, 16, 19, 26, 22, 29,
54, 56, 57
Macoma baltica+Liocyma
fluctuosa
2982±2921
Biomas s , g/m2
89
Community Station Dominant species
мар.41V 41, 4, 5, 13, 27,
7K. kuthae
1138±200
Data: SakhNIRO+ECS
ConclusionConclusion1. The environmental conditions allow to divide the Bays on three groups. The
Lunskiy affected on the biggest influence of marine water, the Piltun and Nabil – the lowest. Chayvo and Nyyskiy have intermediate position.
2. Three types of water were detected in the bays.3. The bays are geochemical barrier for suspend solids and metals. 4. The hydrodynamic conditions are more important factor, which forms different
types of pelagic and benthic communities. Peculiar phytoplankton communities are formed near the river mouths under an influence of river run-off.
5. Benthic communities in brackish water have higher biomass and species diversity than both fresh and marine communities.
6. Fresh water benthic communities have the widest spreading in Piltun. The brackish water benthic communities covered the most area of Nyyskiy, Chayvo andLunskiy bays.
7. Relatively high content of some trace metals in lagoons are the result of naturalgeochemical conditions with terrestial concentrations of metals.
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