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;fj{ hlgs lgsfox¿sf] cfkm\gf] lgsfo ;DaGwL

;'rgf k|To] s tLg÷tLg dlxgfdf ljleGg / fli6«o

efiffdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg] { tyf cfd ;~rf/ dfWodsf]

pkof] u ug'{ kg] { sfg"gL Joj: yf 5. o;sf] kfngf

eP–gePsf] gful/ sn] rf;f] JoQm ug'{ k5{ .

k|To] s ;fj{ hlgs lgsfon] ;"rgfsf] juL{ s/ 0f ug'{ k5{ .

tL lgsfox¿n] ;"rgfbftfsf] ;+/ If0f ug'{ k5{ . sfg"g

adf] lhd Ifltk"lt{ lbg] u/ L cfof] uaf6 lg0f{ o ePdf

Ifltk"lt{ / sd pknAw u/ fpg' kg] { 5.

g] kfn ;/ sf/

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-k|yd k6s sflGtk'/ / fli6«o b} lgs klqsfdf k|sflzt ldlt @)&$÷)#÷!^ut] ._o; dxfljBfnodf lgDg lnlvt ljifosf lzIfsx? cfjZos k/ ] sf] x'Fbf of] Uotf k'u] sf lzIf0f k] zfdf ;dlk{ t eO{ ;] jfug{ OR5's g] kfnL gful/ sx?af6 b/ vf: t cfXjfg ul/ G5 .!= lzIfskb MkL=hL=6L= -kf] i6 Uo|fh'o6 l6r/ _ljifo M / ;fog zf: q ;+Vof M @hgfg] kfnL -Flat Basis_ ;+Vof M ! hgf

kb M hL=6L= -Uo|fh'o6 l6r/ _ljifo M Joj;flos lzIff (OBTE) ;+Vof M !hgfsDKo'6/ lj1fg ;+Vof M ! hgfGo"gtd z} lIfs of] Uotf M != kL=hL=6L= lzIfssf] xsdf ;DalGwt ljifodf cf} iftdf %)Ü c+s ;lxt : gftsf] Q/ tx pQL0f{

ePsf] . -Pd=lkmn÷lk=Pr=8L= u/ ] sfnfO{ ljz] if u|fxotf lbOg] 5 ._ @= hL=6L= lzIfssf] xsdf ;DalGwt ljifodf cf} iftdf %)Ü c+s ;lxt : gftstx pQL0f{

u/ ] sf] . -;f] eGbfdflysf] txdf k|yd >] 0fLdf pQL0f{ , a9L of] Uo, cg'ejL, B.Ed., lzIf0f cg'dltkq k|fKt u/ ] sfnfO{ ljz] if u|fxotflbOg] 5 ._

#= hL=6L= OBTEsf nflu : gftstxaL=P: ;L= df Environment/ Agriculture/ Food Technology/ Physical/ Botany/ Zoology ljifolnO{ cf} iftdf %) k|ltzt c+s NofO{ pQL0f{ ePsf] x'g'kg] { .

jf~5gLo of] UotfM ljlzi6 >] 0fLdf pQL0f{ , a9L of] Uo, cg'ejL, B.Ed., lzIf0f cg'dlt kq k|fKt, c+u|] hL efiffdf bIf ;fy} cfjf;Lo ljBfnosf] cg'ej eO{ cfjf;Lo ?kdf a;] / sfd ug{ OR5's .

b/ vf: t lbg] clGtdldlt M @)&$ c;f/ #) ut] z'qmaf/ ;Dddfq .;Dks{ ldlt M @)&$ ;fpg ! ut] cfOtaf/ .lnlvt k/ LIffldlt M @)&$ ;fpg @ ut] ;f] daf/ .

;} lgs cfjf;Lo dxfljBfnokm"naf/ L, kf] v/ f -;} lgs sNof0fsf/ L sf] ifåf/ f ;~rflnt_

kmf] g g+= )^!–%@&&$^÷km\ofS; g+= )^!–%@&&$%

lzIfs cfjZostf

m/ ~hg clwsf/ Lkf]v/f, !* c;f/.clj/ n ji f f { ; Fu } / ftsf ]

;dodf cfPsf] klx/ f] sf sf/ 0f kf] v/ fd} b'O{ hgfsf] d[ To' ePsf] 5. kf] v/ f n] vgfy dxfgu/ kflnsfsf] k: of { ªkfvfdf Ps afns / nfdfrf} / df Ps dlxnfsf] d[ To' ePsf] xf] . To: t} km';|] vf] nfn] Ps a[ 4fnfO{ aufPsf] 5.

kf] v/ f n] vgfy dxfgu/ kflnsf k|: ofªkfvfdf 3/ dflyaf6 v;] sf] klx/ f] n] k'bf{ !$ jifL{ { o 6+s If] qLsf] Hofg uPsf] xf] . k|x/ Lsf cg';f/ cfOtaf/ laxfg $ ah] lt/ cfPsf] klx/ f] n] tf/ fklt clwsf/ Lsf] b'O{ tn] 3/ k'/ ] sf] xf] .

: ofª\hf uNofª % 3/ eO wd{ : ynL : s'ndf sIff *df k9\g] 6+s 7"nLcfdfsf] 3/ df / x] sf a] nf klx/ f] df k'l/ Psf x'g\. kl/ jf/ sf Psdfq 5f] / f pgL 7"nLcfdfsf] 3/ df a;] / k9\b} cfPsf] : yfgLon] atfP.

klx/ f] n] 3/ aufpg yfn] kl5 kl/ jf/ sf c? eg] efu] / Hofg arfpg ;kmn eP. cfwf z/ L/ k'l/ P klg wgdfof clwsf/ L eg] efUg ;kmn eOg\.

kf ] v/ f @* ;/ fªsf ] 6sf ] d] ynfª 8fF8faf6 em/ ] sf] ] klx/ f] k: of{ ªkfvf;Dd cfO{ k'Ubf cfwf bh{ g a9L 3/ hf] lvddf k/ ] sf 5g\. kSsL 3/ ;d] t hf] lvddf 5g\.

nfdfrf} / df dlxnfsf] d[ To'

kf] v/ f !(, nfdfrf} / l: yt csnf dlGb/ glhs} klx/ f] n] k'l/ P/ #@ jifL{ of zf] ef kf} 8] nsf] d[ To' ePsf] 5. klx/ f] n] 3/ glhs} / x] sf] Ansn] ag] sf] efG;f3/ aufpFbf kf} 8] nsf] d[ To' ePsf] xf] . pgL efG;fdf sfd ub} { ubf{ efG;fsf] 7f au] sf] atfOG5.

pgnfO{ klx/ fn] aufP/ sl/ a Ps ;o ld6/ tn nu] sf] k|x/ Ln] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5. glhs} / x] sf] kSsL3/ df eg] Iflt k'u] sf] 5} g. ;f] kSsL 3/ df ;'t] sf zf] efsf !% jifL{ o 5f] / f ;s'zn 5g\. zf] efsf >Ldfg\ xl/ k|;fb j} b] lzs / f ] huf/ Lsf] l;nl;nfdf ;fpbL c/ adf / x] sf] atfOG5.

km';|] vf] nfn] j[ 4f aufof] kf] v/ fsf] km';|] vf] nfn] aufP/

zlgaf/ ;fFem Ps j[ 4f a] kQf l5g\. kj{ t / fDhf ̂ ltnfxf/ 3/ eO{ 5f] / L hd'gf v8\sfsf] 3/ df cfPsL %% jifL{ of nLnfs'df/ L nfld5fg] a] kQf ePsf] sf: sL k|x/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5. pgsf] vf] hL sfo{ eO/ x] sf] k|x/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5.

5f] / ] kf6g 8'afgdf,

km] l/ efl;of] hldgjiff{ n] bfdf] b/ vf] nfdf kfgLsf]

axfj a9] kl5 bfdf] b/ s'gfsf !% a9L 3/ 8'jfgdf k/ ] sf 5g\ eg]

rf/ 3/ kl/ jf/ lj: yflkt ePsf] 5. lj: yflkt x'g] df xf] dk|;fb rfkfufO{ , df] xg ljZjsdf{ , dfof Gof} kfg] / lji0f' kf} 8] nsf] 3/ kl/ jf/ x'g\.

lztnrf} tf/ L 5f ] / ] kf6gdf kfgLsf] lgsf; gx'Fbf 7fpF7fpFdf hldg efl;Psf] 5. bfdf] b/ vf] nf glhs} 3/ sf] 5] p5fpdf ;d] t 7"nf] Ejfª k/ ] sf] 5. 3/ sf] huleq} af6 efl;Psf] hldgxF'b} kfgL au] sf] 5. hldg efl;bf 3/ sf] kvf{ ndf Iflt k'u] sf] 5.

o;cl3 %) ld6/ tn : yfgLo r"8fdl0f af] u6Lsf] v] t efl;Psf] ;f] : yfgdf df6f] e/ ] / k'l/ Pkl5 / flt csf] { : yfgdf efl;Psf] xf] .

hyfefjL Knl6ª / kfgLsf] k|fs[ lts lgsf; x'g] 7fpF k'bf{ ljut # jif{ b] lv k"/ } a: tL 8'afgdf kb} { cfPsf] 5.

/ fd3f6 aGof] tfnkf] v/ fsf] dWoefu eP/ aUg]

;] tL gbLdf kfgLsf] axfa a9\bf lgsf; ;fF3'/ f] ePsfn] x/ ] s jif{ tfn kb} { cfPsf] 5. clj/ n jiff{ n] ;] tLsf] axfj a9\bf cfOtaf/ klg / fd3f6sf] d'v y'lgFP/ 7"nf] tfn ag] sf] xf] . gbL y'lgbf / fd3f6sf] zjbfx : ynnufot cf;kf;sf] ;'s'Djf;L a: tL;d] t 8'afgdf k/ ] sf] 5. gbL lsgf/ df a: g] sl/ a %) kl/ jf/ hf] lvddf k/ ] sf 5g\. jiff{

/ f] lsPsfn] gbLdf kfgLsf] jxfj 36\g yfn] klg k'gM/ flt kfgL kg] { xf] ls egL : yfgLo ql;t 5g\.

jiff{ sf] sf/ 0f ;] tL lsgf/ l: yt kf] v/ fsf ljleGg : yfgsf] hldg efl;Psf] 5. bf] laNnf k'n hf] lvddf k/ ] sf] 5. s] xL jif{ cl3b] lv g} gbLsf] s6fgn] bf] laNnf a: tL g} hf] lvddf kb} { cfPsf] 5. kf] v/ fsf] 3f/ Lkf6g, ldt] / L k'n glhs} If] qdf 7"nf] hldgsf] efu g} lr/ f k/ ] / efl;Psf] 5.

kf] v/ f !(, k'?~rf} / lgjf;L lji0f ' e'h ] nsf ] 3/ k "0f { ?kdf elTsPsf] 5. uf] 7df / x] sf] uf] ? d/ ] sf] 5. 6Lsf/ fd e'h] nsf] 3/ klg k"0f{ hf] lvd k/ ] sf] 5. nfdfrf} / df5fk'R5|« ] ;8s k"0f{ ?kdf Iflt x'Fbf ;jf/ L cfudg k"0f{ ?kdf aGb ePsf] 5.

kf] v/ f @ sf] e"lkdfu{ df hldg efFl;bf 6Lsfaxfb'/ k'gsf] b'O{ tn] 3/ / Zofd ;'gf/ sf] Pstn] 3/ hf] lvddf kf/ ] sf] 5. pgLx?sf] 3/ glhs} 5 7fpFdf hldg efl;Psf] 5. 3/ glhs} sf] leqL ;8sdf klg Iflt k'u] sf] 5. e"lkdfu{ ;'/ ] Gb|/ fh / ] UdLsf] 3/ cufl8 5 7fpFdf hldg el;Psf] 5. 3/ df Iflt k'u] sf] 5.

To: t} , gbLk'/ df klg hldg efl;Psf ] 5. : yfgLo bz/ y ;'gf/ sf] Pstn] ;6/ sf] 3/ df

cfbz{ ;dfh ;+jfbbftfkfNkf, !* c;f/ . bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf]

: yfgLo txsf] lgjf{ rgcGtu{ t kfNkfsf !) : yfgLo txsf] ] dt kl/ 0ffd ;fj{ hlgs ePsf] 5.

g ] sk f Pd fn ] n ] t fg; ] g g u / k f l n s f ; l x t k f F r ufpFkflnsf / g] kfnL sfFu| ] ;n] / fdk'/ gu/ kflnsf;lxt tLg ufpFkflnsfdf k|d'v kbdf lht] xft kf/ ] sf 5g\.

lhNNffsf *! j8f cWoIfdWo] g] skf Pdfn] n] $), g] kfnL sfF+u] |; #& / dfcf] jfbL s] Gb| rf/ df ljhoL

ePsf 5g\. tfg;] g gu/ kflnsf k|d'vdf

g] skf Pdfn] sf czf] ss'df/ zfxL / pkk|d'v nIdL kf7s;lxt cf7 j8fWoIf g] skf Pdfn] , kfFr j8fWoIf g] kfnL sfFu] |; / Ps j8fWoIf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|n] lht] sf 5g\.

/ fdk'/ gu/ kflnsf k|d'vdf g] kfnL sfFu|] ;sf / d0f yfkf / pkk|d'v lji0f'b] jL l3ld/ ] ;lxt 5 j8fWoIf g] kfnL sfFu] |; / rf/ j8fWoIf g] skf Pdfn] n] lht] sf 5g\. l/ AbLsf] 6 ufpFkflnsf g] skf

Pdfn] cWoIf gf/ fo0faxfb'/ lh;L / pkfWoIf nIdL vgfn;lxt 5 j8fWoIf Pdfn] n] , Ps j8fWoIf g] kfnL sfFu] |; / Ps j8fWoIf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|n] lht] sf 5g\.

jugf;sfnL ufp Fkf lnsf cWoIf g] kfnL sfFu|] ;sf s[ i0fk|;fb a: ofn;lxt kfFr j8fWoIf g] kfnL sfFu] |; / pkfWoIf g] skf Pdfn] sf ;/ : jtL lrbL du/ ;lxt rf/ j8fWoIf g] skf Pdfnn] lht] sf 5g\.

/ } gfb] jL 5x/ f ufpFkflnsf cWoI fd f g ] k fn L sf F + u ] | ;sf

/ fdaxfb'/ sfsL{ / pkfWoIfdf r] ts'df/ L yfkf;lxt 5 j8fWoIf g] kfnL sfFu] |] ;, Ps j8fWoIf g] skf Pdfn] / Ps j8fWoIf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|n] lht] sf 5g\.

ltgfp ufpFkflndf cWoIf g ] skf Pdfn ] s f cf ] daxfb ' / 3tL{ du/ , pkfWoIfdf bdoGtL yfkf;lxt b'O{ j8fWoIf g] skf Pdfn] / tLg j8fWoIf g] kfnL sfFu|] ; / Ps j8fWoIf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|n] lht] sf 5g\.

/ Def ufpFkflnsf cWoIfdf

tfg;] gdf Pdfn] , / fdk'/ df sf“u|] ; ljhoL

cfbz{ ;dfh ;+jfbbftfsf7df8f} +, !* c;f/ . bf] ;|f]

r/ 0fsf] : yfgLo lgjf{ rgcGtu{ t c;f/ !$ df ePsf] tLg ;o #$ : yfgLo lgsfodWo] b'O{ ;o @) a9L txsf] glthf ;fj{ hlgs ePsf] 5.

kl/ 0ffdcg';f/ g] skf Pdfn] n] ((, sf+Fu|] ;n] **, g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|n] #), ;+3Lo ;dfhjfbL kmf] / dn] b'O{ , kmf] / d nf] stflGqsn] Ps / hgdf] rf{ n] b'O{ : yfgdf lht xfl;n u/ ] sf 5g\. dtu0fgf hf/ L / xFbf g] skf Pdfn] n] cu|tf sfod} / fv] sf] 5 eg] sfFu|] ;n] s8f 6Ss/ lbFb} cfPsf] 5.

Pdfn] n] @) gu/ kflnsf;lxt (( : yfgLo txdf lht] sf] 5 eg] @* gu/ ;lxt sfFu|] ; ** : yfgLo tx lht] / Pdfn] nfO{ k5\ofO/ x] sf] 5. sf+Fu|] ; / Pdfn] aLr : yfgLo txsf] ljh] tfdf qmdzM cGt/ df sd x'Fb} cfPsf] 5.

clxn] ;Dd k|b] z gDa/ ! sf t] x|y'd, wgs'6f, ;+v'jf;efsf] dtu0fgf ;DkGg ePsf] 5.

To: t} , k|b] z gDa/ % sf kfNkf, / f] Nkf / ?s'dsf] dtu0fgf ;lsPsf] 5 eg] k|b] z gDa/ & sf clwsf+z kxf8L lhNnfsf] u0fgf ;lsPsf] 5. 8f] 6L, aemfª, afh'/ f, 88] nw'/ f, a} t8Lsf ;a} : yfgLo txsf] u0fgf ;lsPsf] 5 eg] bfr{ 'nfsf] Ps txsf] u0fgf afFsL / x] sf] lgjf{ rg cfof] un] hgfPsf] 5. bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf] r'gfjdf Pdfn] n] wgs'6f / dfcf] jfbLn] ?s'dsf ;a} : yfgLo tx lht] / ‘lSng : jLk’ u/ ] sf 5g\.

dtu0fgf rln/ x ] sf Ps dxfgu/ / ;ft pkdxfgu/ dWo] Pdfn] n] kfFr pkdxfgu/ df cu|tf lnPsf] 5. sf+Fu|] ;n] Ps dxfgu/ / Ps pkdxfgu/ df cu|tf sfod u/ ] sf] 5 eg] / fk|kfn] Ps pkdxfgu/ df cu|tf lnPsf] 5.

Pdfn] / sf“u|] ;aLr s8f k|lt: kwf{

cfbz{ ;dfh ;+jfbbftfkf] v/ f, !* c;f/ . ;fljs

n] vgfy gu/ kflnsfdf pTkfbg x'g] b"wn] o; If] qsf] dfu k"/ f u/ L lgof{ t ug] { cj: yfdf k'u] sf] Ps tYof+sn] b] vfPsf] 5.

o; If] qdf / x] sf] uf} nf] rg a[ xQ/ ufO{ kfng ;ldlt;Fu cfj4 !& j6f ;xsf/ L / cGo lghL Aofj;flos kmd{ n] pTkfbg u/ ] sf] ufO{ e} +;Lsf] b"wn] o; If] qsf] dfu k"/ f u/ L sl/ a !! xhf/ ln6/ b"w lgof{ t ul/ Psf] xf] .

tYof+scg';f/ o; If] qdf b} lgs #( xhf/ 5 ;o *^ ln6/ b"w pTkfbg x'g] / : yfgLo txdf @* xhf/ 5 ;o ^* ln6/ vkt eO{ ahf/ df laqmL ljt/ 0fsf nflu !! xhf/ !! xhf/ !* ln6/ hfg] ePsfn] ;fljs n] vgfynfO{ b"wsf] ;x/ sf ?kdf 3f] if0ff ul/ Psf] xf] .

kz'kfngnfO{ Aofj;flos agfpFb} cfPsf o; If] qsf s[ ifssf] d'Vo cfDbfgLsf ?kdf b"w / x] sf] 5. h;sf sf/ 0f b"wsf] pTkfbg lbg k|ltlbg a9\b} uPsf] s[ ifs a'l4k|;fb kf} 8] n atfpF5g\.

b"wsf cfTdlge{ / kf] v/ f n] vgfy

dxfgu/ kflnsf 3f] if0ff;efdf af] Nb} dxfgu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v dfgaxfb '/ lh;Ln ] o 'jfnfO { : jb] zdf g} s] xL u/ f} + eGg] efjgf ;[ hgf ub} { s[ lifnfO{ lgjf{ xd'vL ge} Aofj;flos agfpg' kg] { df hf] 8 lbP.

uf} nf] rg a[ xQ/ ufO{ kfng ;ldltsf cWoIf ;/ Ho" clwsf/ Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{ qmddf lhNnf kz';] jf sfof{ no sf: sLsf k|d'v 8f k'?iff ] Qd lqkf7Ln] Aofj;f los pTkfbgn ] dfq ls;fgsf] hLjg: t/ df ;'wf/ Nofpg ;Sg] wf/ 0ff / fv] sf lyP.

sfo{ qmddf kz'lrlsT;s 8f 7u] Gb|k|;fb cof{ n, gf} lj;] b'Uw pTkfbg ;xsf/ Lsf cWoIf ljZj ] Zj/ 9sfn, ; + : y fsf ;lrj r"8fdl0f a/ fn, kz' ;] jf sfof{ no lzz'jfsf k|d'v x'dgfy ltldN;] gf / rqmb] jL ;xsf/ Lsf ch'{ g a~h/ fnufotn] sf: sLnfO{ cfjZos ^) k|ltzt b"w cfoft ug'{ { kg] { ePsfn] cfufdL lbgdf kz'kfngnfO{ a9fjf lbFb} b"wsf] pTkfbg cem j[ l4 ug'{ kg] { df hf] 8 lbP.

b"wdf cfTdlge{ / x“'b} n] vgfy

klx/ f] sf sf/ 0f k: of{ ª kfvfdf elTsPsf] tf/ fkltsf] 3/ . ;f] xL 3/ df k/ ] / 6+s IfqLsf] lgwg ePsf] xf] . OG;] 6df 3f/ Lkf6g glhs efl;Psf] ;] tL gbL l8n. tl: j/ M k|bLk kf} 8] n

-afFsL clGtd k[ i7df_

-afFsL clGtd k[ i7df_

kj{ t, !* c;f/ . kj{ tsf] dxfzLnf ufp Fkf lnsf–! df cfOtaf/ laxfg uPsf] klx/ f] n] 3/ aufpFbf Ps} kl/ jf/ sf tLghgfsf] d[ To' ePsf] 5.

;fljssf] xf] ;|fª\bL uflj;–! af/ s'gfsf ^# jifL{ o tLy{ axfb'/ dNn 7s'/ Lsf] 3/ klx/ f] n] aufPsf] xf] . 3/ aufpFbf 7s'/ L;lxt pgsL *) jifL{ of cfdf a] ns'df/ L / >LdtL %% jifL{ of ods'df/ Lsf] Hofg uPsf] xf] .

ufpFdf hfg] sRrL ;8s lgdf{ 0fsf sf/ 0f dflyaf6 cfPsf] 7"nf] e] n;Fu} le/ fnf] v] taf6 klx/ f] hfFbf a: tLdf k;] sf] xf] . w] / } 7fpFsf] e] n ;8s x'Fb} 3/ eGbf dflysf] v] tdf k;] kl5 klx/ f ] uPsf] dxflznf–! sf j8f cWoIf O{ Zj/ Lk|;fb e';fnn] hfgsf/ L lbP .

36gf: ynd} d [ To ' ePsf tLg} hgfsf] zj k/ LIf0fsf nflu : ofª\hfsf] jflnª nluPsf] 5. d[ ts tLy{ axfb'/ sf 5f] / f / fh] z dNn 7s'/ L ef/ tLo ;] gfdf sfo{ / t

5g\ eg] a'xf/ L a'6andf a: b} cfPsL l5g\.

klx/ f ] n ] 7s'/ Lsf ] 3/ / uf] 7;d] t k'/ ] sf] 5. klx/ f ] sf sf/ 0f 7s'/ Lsf em08} Ps bh{ g kz'rf} kfof;d] t d/ ] sf 5g\.

klx/ f] n] : yfgLo rGb|axfb'/ / fgf, rGb|s'df/ / fgfnufotsf kfFr 3/ hf] lvddf k/ ] sf 5g\. pgLx¿nfO{ ;'/ lIft : yfgdf ;fg{ k|of; eO/ x] sf] k|x/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5. pQm : yfgdf ljut s] xL lbgotf ljB't\ ;] jf;d] t cj?4 ag] sf sf/ 0f l;wf ;Dks{ df ;d] t sl7gfO{ pTkGGf ePsf] 5 . / f;;

klx/ f] n] 3/ aufp“bf tLgsf] d[ To'

kf]v/fdf jiff{sf] ljt08fklx/f]n] b'O{sf] d[To', bh{ gf} + 3/ hf] lvddf

@)&$ c;f/ !( ut] ;f] djf/ @ / fli6«o b} lgs

cfbz{ jf0fLk/ d ;Tosf] bz{ g ug] { ;Rr bfz{ lgsn] dfq}

/ fhg} lts dxTjsf+IffnfO{ t'R5 7fG5.

–Kn] 6f]

!= b] zdf jiff{ z'? ePsf] 5. jiff{ z'? x'gf;fy af9L klx/ f] sf] ;dfrf/ cfpg yfn] sf] 5. af9L, klx/ fn] s] xL 7fpFdf wghgsf] Iflt klg u/ ] sf] 5. of] g] kfnLsf] lgolt g} ePsf] 5 ls k|To] s jiff{ df s] xL bh{ gsf] ;+Vofdf dflg;x¿sf] d[ To' x'g] u/ ] sf] 5 eg] v] taf/ L gi6 ug] { u/ ] sf] 5.

@= o; k6ssf] dg;'gsf] klxnf] k|sf] k kf] v/ fdf k/ ] sf] 5. kf] v/ fsf j/ k/ sf 8fF8fsfF8fx¿df xNsf klx/ f] uPsf] 5. oxfFsf] lkms] { vf] nfdf cfPsf] af9Ln] s] xL 3/ x¿nfO{ Iflt u/ ] sf] 5. cGoq klg s] xL Iflt u/ ] sf] 5, t/ df6] kfgL u'Daf klx/ f] sf] hf] lvddf k/ ] sf] ;dfrf/ n] ;j} nfO{ lrlGtt kf/ ] sf] 5.

#= df6] kfgL u'Daf / x] sf] 8fF8fsf] km] bLaf6 rfkfkfgLx'Fb} sfx'F hfg] af6f] lj: tf/ ug] { qmddf 8fF8fdf klx/ f] hfg yfn] sf] xf] . s] xL lbg klxn] ToxfF ;f;fgf] klx/ f] uPsf] lyof] eg] z'qmjf/ / zlgjf/ ePsf] jiff{ n] ToxfF 7"nf] klx/ f] uPsf] 5. To; klx/ f] n] df6] kfgL u'Daf hf] lvddf k/ ] sf] 5.

$= df6] kfgL u'Dafsf] wfld{ s P] ltxfl;s Pjd\ ko{ 6sLo dxTj 5. Tof] u'Daf kf] v/ fsf] zf] ef klg xf] . ko{ 6sx¿ u'Dafdf k'u] / kf] v/ f pkTosfsf] cjnf] sg ub{ 5g\. u'Dafdf ;ohgf eGbf a9L nfdfx¿ k9\g] / a: g] ub{ 5g\. klx/ f] sf sf/ 0f tL nfdfx¿ cflQg yfn] sf 5g\.

%= xfdL ljsf;sf nflu cflQPsf 5f} F. cflQPsf sf/ 0f xfdLn] ljsf; ug] { eGgf;fy bfofFjfofF, df} ;d cflb s] xL gx] / L t} of/ x'G5f} F. To;df klg cfiff9 dlxgf xfd|f] ljsf;] dlxgf xf] . o; dlxgfdf sfd ePg eg] ah] 6 lkmtf{ hfg ;S5. To; b[ li6n] klg xfdL of] z'4 jiff{ df af6f] vGg] nufotsf sfd ub{ 5f} F. xfd|f] ToxL sf/ 0fn] w] / } 7fpFdf af9L klx/ f] lgDTofpg] ub{ 5.

^= af9L klx/ f] nfO{ xfdL b} jL k|sf] k eG5f} F. t/ of] b} jL k|sf] k xfd|} sdhf] / L / c;fjwfgLsf sf/ 0f ePsf] 5. t/ To;nfO{ xfdLn] Vofn ub} { gf} +. b} jL k|sf] k lsg x'G5 eGg] klg ;f] Rg' cfjZos 5. sxLFst} ljsf; ubf{ , To; ljsf;sf sf/ 0f cGt st} ljgfz ub{ 5 ls eg] / ;f] Rg' klg pQs} cfjZos 5.

&= xfd|f] hdLg e"sDk cflbn] s] xL sdhf] / agfPsf] 5. 8fF8fdf hxfF kfof] ToxLF af6f] vGg] , 8f] h/ nufpg] / sxLF st} t Ol~hlgo/ ljgf g} To: tf] sfd ug] { ul/ Psf] klg ;'lgG5. df} ;dnfO{ Vofn gug'{ csf] { sdhf] / L xf] . o: tf] s'/ fdf ;DalGwt kIfn] a9L Vofn ug'{ kb{ 5. klx/ f] sf sf/ 0f hf] lvddf k/ ] sf] df6] kfgL u'Daf nufotsf 7fpFx¿df / f] syfdsf] pkfo ug'{ k¥of] . To;nfO{ ;'/ lIft klg ug'{ k¥of] / To;af6 kLl8tx¿nfO{ / fxt lbg] sfd ug'{ k¥of] .

;DkfbsLo

df6] kfgL u'Dafsf] ;'/ Iff

k"j{ k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfnn] k|yd r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rg ;DkGg u/ fP. pgn] Pp6f P] ltxfl;s lhDd] jf/ L k"/ f u/ ] / xfnsf k|wfgdGqL z] / axfb'/ b] pjfnfO{ bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rg u/ fpg xf] djs{ lbPsf lyP. z] / axfb'/ b] pjfn] ldlt ;f/ ] / } eP klg bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rg ;DkGg u/ fP. of] sfo{ n] z] / axfb'/ b] pjfsf] ;Ifdtf s] xL xbdf a9fPsf] 5. k|yd r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rgdf g] skf Pdfn] klxnf] kf6L{ ag] sf] lyof] . Tolt a] nf g] kfnL sfª\u|] ;sf g] tfx¿ eGb} lyP– bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rgdf g] kfnL sfª\u|] ; ‘gDa/ jfg’ kf6L{ x'G5. / fhgLltdf ljklQ cfP klg cflQg' x'Fb} g. c;n g] tfsf] d'Vo rl/ q g} oxL xf] . o: t} cfZjf;g afF8\bf afF8\b} bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rg ;DkGg eof] . w] / } sf] ljZjf; lyof] t/ fO{ , dw] ;df g] skf Pdfn] klxnf] x'Fb} g xf] nf. lgjf{ rg kl/ 0ffdn] km] l/ g] skf Pdfn] nfO{ / f] Hof] . clxn] ;Ddsf] dt kfl/ 0ffdn] g] skf Pdfn] klxnf] kf6L{ x'g] ;+s] t lbO;s] sf] 5.

lsg k5fl8 k/ ] sfª\u|] ;÷dfcf] jfbLklxnf] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rg ;DkGg x'Fbf g] skf

dfcf] jfbL s] Gb| / g] kfnL sfª\u|] ;sf] u7aGwg ;/ sf/ lyof] . olt a] nf klg g] kfnL sfª\u|] ; / dfcf] jfbL s] Gb| ;/ sf/ df 5g\. k|r08 sfª\u|] ; ;/ sf/ n] u/ ] sf sltko lg0f{ ox¿ cfd g] kfnLn] dg k/ fPgg\. To;sf] k|efj : yfgLo txsf] lgjf{ rgdf b] vf k¥of] . sfª\u|] ; dfcf] jfbL u7aGwgnfO{ : jod\ sfª\u|] ; dfcf] jfbLsf : yfgLo txsf sfo{ stf{ n] dg k/ fPgg\ ;+ljwfg ;+zf] wg u/ ] / dw] ;L ;d'bfonfO{ r'gfjdf ;dfj] z ug] { k|r08–z] / axfb'/ sf] of] hgf ;kmn ePg. dw] ;L

bnsf g] tfx¿ hf] sf7df8f} +df a: 5g\. pgLx¿ jf: tljs ?kdf dw] ;sf] k|ltlglwTj gug] { / x] 5g\ eGg] s'/ f k'li6 eof] . sfª\u|] ; dfq xf] Og cGo JolQmn] ;d] t t/ fO{ dw] ;df g] kfnL sfª\u|] ; klxnf] kf6L{ aGg ;Sg] c8\sn sf6] sf lyP. sf/ s] lyof] eg] dw] ;sf] d'2fdf g] skf Pdfn] sf] c3] { NofOF 5 elgGYof] . dw] ;af6 g] skf Pdfn] nfO{ cnu agfpg g] kfnL sfª\u|] ; / dfcf] jfbLn] k|oTg u/ ] sf lyP. cflv/ of] k|oTg k|To'Tkfbs / x\of] . dw] ;jfbL bnsf g] tfx¿ g] skf Pdfn] k|lt h'g cf/ f] k nufpFy] Tof] dw] ;sf hgtfn] ktfPgg\. bf] ;|f ] s'g g] skf Pdfn] sf] / fli6«otfk|ltsf] c8fgnfO{ dw] ;sf hgtfx¿n] ;fy lbP. g] kfnL sfª\u|] ;sf] pj{ / e"ld dw] ;df sfª\u|] ;n] cfzftLt ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ g;Sg' u'6aGbL klg k|d'v sf/ 0f ag] sf] 5. ;+: yfkg kIf b] pjfn] / fdrGb| kIfnfO{ ;Ddfghgs efu glbg] klg of] k/ fhosf] leqL / x: o 5.

g] skf Pdfn] g} lsg cufl8g] skf Pdfn] df; a] ; geP/ ;+u7g a] ;

kf6L{ xf] . g] skf Pdfn] sf] ;+u7g b] zleq dfq xf] Og b] z aflx/ klg ;+u7gsf] hfnf] Jofks 5. g] skf Pdfn] sf sfo{ stf{ x¿ kf6L{ eg] / lbg/ ft v6\g] vfnsf 5g\. g] kfnL sfª\u|] ;sf sfo{ stf{ sf] t'ngfdf g] skf Pdfn] sf sfo{ stf{ cfhsf] lbg;Dd a9L d] xgtL / OdfGbf/ 5g\. pgLx¿ lxhf] ul/ a, ls;fg, dhb"/ ju{ af6 sDo'lgi6 ePsf x'g\. ufpFsf bLg b'MvL;Fu pgLx¿sf] cem} ;DaGw 6'6] sf] 5} g. oBlk olt a] nf g] skf Pdfn] sf sfo{ stf{ sf] juL{ o rl/ q km] l/ Psf] 5. g] skf Pdfn] sf clwsf+z sfo{ stf{ x¿ dWod ju{ df

?kfGt/ ePsf 5g\. ;dfhdf dWod ju{ sf] JolQmx¿ a9L rnfodfg x'G5g\. log} rnfodfg sfo{ stf{ x¿n] g] skf Pdfn] sf gLlt l;4fGtnfO{ cfd gful/ s ;dIf nfg ;km eP. csf] { tkm{ g] skf Pdfn] sf] gf} dlxg] zf;gsfndf u/ ] sf] / fd|f sfdx¿ / / fli6«otfk|ltsf] g] skf Pdfn] sf] c8fgn] klg cfd dtbftfx¿nfO{ k|efj kf¥of] . ef/ tsf] x} sdjfbL rl/ q, dw] ;L g] tfsf] ef/ tLo b"tfjf;sf] z/ 0fk|lt dw] ;sf cfd hgtfx¿ a9L uDeL/ b] lvP. cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ dw] ;L bnsf] / j} of dg k/ ] g. To;sf] / f] if pgLx¿n] : yfgLo txsf] lgjf{ rgdf k|s6 u/ ] sf] b] lvof] . of] lgjf{ rgdf g] kfn} e/ L g] skf Pdfn] sf] gLlt tyf sfo{ qmd hgtf ;d' nfg ;Sg' g} ljhosf] d'Vo s8L xf] .

dw] ;jfbL bnsf] eljiosf7df8f} +df a;] / dw] ;sf] k|ltlgw x'F eg] /

/ fHo;Fu af/ Daf/ jftf{ ug] { dxGt 7fs'/ , z/ b l;+x e08f/ L, / fh] Gb| dxtf] , ljho uR5] bf/ clgn emf, nufot g] tfx¿sf] unt k|j[ lQn] dw] ;sf] d'2f cf] em] ndf k/ ] sf] b] lvG5. k6s k6s k|wfgdGqLsf] r'gfjdf cfFkm" efu lng] t/ : yfgLo txdf cfkm\gf] g] tf r'Gg kfpg] cj;/ af6 hgtfnfO{ ljd'v agfpFbf dw] zsf] d'2f g} kfvf k¥of] . sf7df8f} df a;] / xfdLn] h] eg] kfvf k¥of] . sf7df8f} df a;] / xfdLn] h] eg] klg dw] ;df t} x'G5 eGg] dfgl;stfn] 3/ u/ ] sf] sf/ 0f dw] ;L hgtfx¿ of] r'gfjdf g] tfsf] lj?4df uP. pgLx¿n] cfkm\g} kf6L{ sf] gLlt lj?4 r'gfjdf efu lnP/ 7"nf kf6L{ nfO{ lhtfP. dw] ;jfbL ^ cf] 6f bn ldn] / ag] sf] / fhkf k|ltd w] ;L ;d'bfosf] lgs}

7"nf] e/ f] ;f lyof] t/ pgLx¿n] ;do ;fk] If lg0f{ o gubf{ pgLx¿nfO{ / fhgLlts 3f6f eof] . ;+3Lo ;dfhjfbL kmf] / dn] r'gfjdf efu lnP klg cfzftLt ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;s] g. of] : yfgLo r'gfjsf] kl/ 0ffdn] dw] ;jfbL bnsf] cl: tTj g} ;+s6df k/ ] sf] 5. g] kfnsf] / fhgLltdf gofF kf6L{ km} lng'sf] ;f6f] v'Drb} hfg' gofF / fhgLlts bnnfO{ ljZjf; gug'{ xf] . bn gofF eP klg g] tf k'/ fg} eP kl5 pgLx¿k|lt cfd dtbftfsf] e/ f] ;f hfUg ;s] g. ;femf kf6L{ sf cWoIf / ljGb| ld>sf] egfO{ ;fk6L lnP/ eGg'kbf{ g] kfnLx¿ xf] 6ndf vfhf vfg hfFbf d] g' x] ¥of] x] ¥of] cflv/ dd c8{ / u/ ] em} + g] kfnL dtbftfn] klg clGtddf 7"nf bnnfO{ / f] h] sf 5g\. ;fgf bn / dw] ;L bnk|lt cfkm\gf] eljio gb] v] sf sf/ 0f of] r'gfjdf g] skf Pdfn] , g] kfnL sfª\u|] ; / dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|nfO{ g} clwsf+z dtbftfn] / f] h] sf 5g\. klxnf] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rgdf g] skf Pdfn] n] gu/ df a9L ljho xfl;n u/ ] sf] lyof] eg] g] kfnL sfª\u|] ;n] ufpFDff a9L lht] sf] lyof] . t/ o;kfnLsf] lgjf{ rgdf g] skf Pdfn] n] ufpFdf a9L lht] sf] 5 eg] g] kfnL sfª\u|] ;n] ahf/ df a9L lht] sf] b] lvG5. hLt h'g;'s} kf6L{ n] u/ ] klg cfd gful/ s l;+xb/ af/ sf] clwsf/ ufpFufpFdf : yflkt ug{ cft'/ ePsf] b] lvG5. pgLx¿n] / fhkf / ljKnjsf] alxisf/ nfO{ alxisf/ u/ ] . cfkm\gf] hgk|ltlglw cfkm} 5fGg] nf] stflGqs cEof;nfO{ cfd dtbftfn] pkof] u u/ ] . bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rgdf klg g] skf Pdfn] klxnf] , g] kfnL sfª\u|] ; bf] ;|f] / dfcf] jfbL s] Gb| t] ;|f] kf6L{ sf] ?kdf b] vf kg'{ n] ca g] kfndf sfª\u|] ; / sDo'lgi6 b'O{ kf6L{ l;i6ddf xfd|f] nf] stGqsf] ljsf; x'g] ;Defjgf b] lvG5.

bf] ;|f] r/ 0fsf] lgjf{ rgn] lbPsf] ;+s] t? ;'/ ] Gb| yfkf du/

kf] v/ f, !* c;f/ .nfoG; Sna ckm kf] v/ f ;] G6«n uf8{ gn] ljkGg tyf h] x] Gbf/ ljBfyL{ nfO{ ljBfno kf] zfs ljt/ 0f u/ ] sf] 5. kf] v/ fsf] k: of{ ª\df / x] sf] wd{ : ynL cfwf/ e"t ljBfnosf sIff b'O{ b] lv cf7;Ddsf 5fq5fqfnfO{ Snan] kf] zfs ljt/ 0f u/ ] sf] xf] .

sfo { qmdsf k |d 'v cltly ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks s] bf/ gfy a/ fnn] Sna : yfkgfsf] 5f] 6f] ;dod} z} lIfs If] qdf k'¥ofPsf] ;xof] un] h] x] Gbf/ 5fq5fqfsf] eljio pHHjn x'g] atfP.

sfo{ qmddf Snasf k|yd pkfWoIf s[ i0faxfb'/ / fgfef6n] jf: tljstf ga'lemsg nfoG; Sna wgsf wgLx¿sf] Sna eGg] wf/ 0ffsf] ljsf; eO/ x] sf] a] nf dgsf wgLx¿ ldn] / nfoG; Sna ckm kf] v/ f ;] G6«n uf8{ g : yfkgf

ul/ Psf] atfP. pgn] yk] , xfdLn] dfl;s sdfPsf] / sdaf6 s] xL vr{ s6f} tL u/ ] / lzIff, : jf: Yo / jftfj/ 0fsf] If] qdf ;xof] u ub} { cfPsf 5f} +.

Snasf ; lrj c;k mn uf} tdn] s'g} klg ;+3;+: yfsf ultljlw ;~rfngsf nflu c;n ljrf/ / km/ flsnf] dg agfP/ cufl8 a9\g] xf] eg] ;fdflhs sfo{ ug{ s'g} ;d: of gx'g] atfP.

pgn] ljkGg / h ] x ] Gbf/ ljBfyL{ nfO{ kf] zfssf gfddf sfFrf] sk8f dfq} ljt/ 0f ubf{ l;nfpgsf nflu cfly{ s hf] xf] ug{ ;d: of x'g] ePsfn] ljBfyL{ sf] gfkf] lnP/ ljBfyL{ sf nflu 8] «; tof/ kf/ ] sf] hfgsf/ L u/ fP.

Snas f k m f O g f l G ; on 8fO/ ] S6/ k |df ] b / fgfef6n ] ljBfyL { nfO { u/ ] sf ] ;xof ] un]

ljBfno / ljBfyL{ aLrsf] ;dGjo a9\b} hfg] atfP. Snasf ;b: o nfnaxfb '/ / fgfef6n ] Sna : yfkgfkl5 u/ ] sf sfo{ qmdsf af/ ] df hfgsf/ L u/ fP.

cWoIfsf] cf;gaf6 af] Nb} x l / ax f b ' / e f6n ] ;/ s f/ L ljBfnok|lt ;d'bfodf km} lnPsf] e|dnfO{ lrg{ sf nflu cleefjs, lzIfs, sd{ rf/ L / ljBfyL{ ;a} ;r] t x'g] kg] { wf/ 0ff JoQm u/ ] .

sfo{ qmd ;DkGg ug{ sf nflu ljBfnosf lzIfs xl/ ZrGb | clwsf/ Ln] ;dGjosf/ L e"ldsf lgjf{ x u/ ] sf lyP. sfo{ qmddf 5fq5fqf ;+uLtf k'g, emns dfof >] i7, kf;fª tfdfª, ;lrg yfkf, z';fzg ltldlN;gf, / fh] z ljs, lg/ h nfdf, ;Demgf kl/ of/ , s[ if ofbj, k'gd clwsf/ Lnufotn] cfef/ JoQm u/ ] sf lyP.

;] G6«n uf8] { gåf/ f kf] zfs ljt/ 0fkf] v/ f, !* c;f/ . kf] v/ f #,

gf/ fo0f: yfgl: yt a|Xdrof{ >d ;ldltsf] t] ;|f] ;fwf/ 0f;ef tyf clwj] zgn] cfufdL $ jif{ sf nflu / fdrGb| kf} 8] nnfO{ cWoIf kbdf lglj{ / f] w lgjf{ lrt u/ ] sf] 5.

;b: odf dx ] z k/ fh 'nL, / fw ] Zofd pbf;, lji0f 'k |;fb k/ fh'nL, zflGtb] jL k/ fh'nL, uLtf s'Fj/ , lji0f's'df/ L k/ fh'nL, dfwjk|;fb af: tf] nf dw', dLtf sfo: y, xl/ x/ k/ fh'nL / wd{ / fh cfrfo{ 5g\.

l gj f { l rt cWo I f ty f ;b: onfO{ lgjf { rg ;ldltsf ;+of] hs clwjQmf z'sb] j uf} tdn] kb tyf uf] kgLotfsf] ;ky u|x0f u/ fPsf lyP.

ljw fgcg '; f / yk b ' O { ;b: o cWoIfåf/ f dgf] gLt u/ L sfo{ ;ldltåf/ f kbljefhg ug] { Joj: yf 5.

o;cl3 ;fwf/ 0f;ef tyf clwj] zg pb\3f6g ub} { dfgj ldng ;+: yfsf ;+: yfks g] kfn s] ;/ L 8f dl0feb| d'lghL dxf/ fhn] c1fg?kL cGwsf/ af6 1fg?kL

k|sfzlt/ pGd'v x'g cfWoflTds 1fgsf] cfjZostf kg] { / ;f] sf] nflu j] b, pklgifb wd{ zf: qsf] cWoog cWofkgsf nflu dxlif{ u'?s'n j] bljBf>dsf] ;~rfng o; a|Xdrof{ >d ;ldltn] u/ ] sf] df k|;Ggtf JoQm ub} { wd{ , ;+: s[ ltsf] ; +/ I f0f , ;Dj4 { gdf ; + : yfn ] k'¥ofPsf] of] ubfgsf] rrf{ u/ ] . ;+: yfsf cWoIf / fdhg s] ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{ qmddf a|fXd0f ;dfh g] kfnsf k"j{ s] Gb|Lo cWoIf 8f gf/ fo0fk|;fb clwsf/ L, ;dfh;] jL tyf / fddlGb/ kfbL{ sf cWoIf lnnfeQm cfrfo{ , slj tyf ;+: yfks ;lrj t] hgfy l3ld/ ] , ljZj lxGb" dxf;+3sf s] Gb|Lo pkfWoIf j] blglw zdf{ , j8f g+= !! sf j8fWoIf df] xg af: tf] nf, j8f g+= # sf j8f;b: o nIdL k/ fh'nL, ;Nnfxsf/ k'0ok|;fb ltldlN;gf, lzIff pk;ldlt ;+of] hs 8f ef] nf gf/ fo0f / ] UdL, sGof SofDk; gbLk'/ sf SofDk; k|d'v ;'/ ] z dfgGw/ nufotn] ;+: yfsf ultljlw, dxlif{ , u'?s'n j] bljBf>dsf ultljlw, dxTj,

cfufdL sfo{ qmdaf/ ] k|sfz kf/ ] sf lyP.

sfo { qmddf ;lrj dx ] z k/ fh 'nLåf/ f k | : t 't jf l i f { s k|ltj] bg Pj+ sf] iffWoIf lji0f'k|;fb k/ fh'nLåf/ f k|: t't n] vfk/ LIf0f ;lxtsf] cfly{ s k|ltj] bgnfO{ ;efn] 5nkmn;lxt kfl/ t u/ ] sf] lyof] . sfo{ qmddf wGojfb 1fkg ;Nnfxsf/ / fdrGb| kf } 8 ] nn] u/ ] sf lyP.

!((& ;fndf wgs'6] cfjfn a|Xdrf/ L afns[ i0f ;'j ] bLn ] a|Xdrof{ >d : yfkgf u/ ] sf lyP.

@)@! ;fn;Dd dxlif{ u'?s'n ;~rfngdf / x ] sf ] df cfjfn a|Xdrf/ L afns[ i0f ;'j] bLsf ] a|XdnLgkl5 ljljw sf/ 0fn] u'?s'n ;~rfng x'g g;s] sf] df o; ;ldltn] @)^( u'?k"l0f{ dfb] lv k'gM dxlif{ u'?s'n j] bljBf>d lhNnf lzIff sfof{ noaf6 : jLs[ t lnO{ sIff ^, & / * u/ L #! hgf ljBfyL{ / kfFr lzIfsaf6 u'?s'n k2ltcg';f/ cWoog cWofkgsf] sfo{ u/ ] sf] ;lrj dx] z k/ fh'nLn] atfP.Ph] G;L

a|x\drof{ >d ;ldlt gf/ fo0f: yfgdf kf} 8] n

cfhsf] k~rfª\ulj=;+= @)&$ ;fn c;f/ !( ut] ;f] djf/ , ;fwf/ 0f gfds ;+jt\;/ ;"o{ pQ/ fo0f, u|Lid Ct', tbg';f/ O{ =;+= @)!& h'nfO{ # tfl/ v, cfiff9 z'SnkIf bzdL ltly / flq M !!M%^ ah] ;DdgIfq M : jftL / flq M $M)& ah] ;Dd of] u M lzj lbjf M*M%# ah] ;Dds/ 0f M t} ltn lbjf M!!M!* ah] ;Ddcf=of] u M 5qd\rGb|df M t'nf / flzdf, ;"o{ M ldy'g / flzdf;"of] { bo M k|ftM %M!) ah] , ;"of{ : t ;fFem ^M%* ah]

/ flzkmn

d] if

lbg k|efjzfnL / x] sf] 5. u'd] sf] k|lti7f k|fKt x'g] 5. w] / } JolQmsf] ;xof] u ;b\efj kfOg] 5. pkxf/ sf] ;] nL k|fKt xf] nf. pT;fx a9\g] 5.

l;+x

b"/ bzL{ ;f] rfO{ / xg] 5. jt{ dfg Pjd\ eljionfO{ ;d] t k|efjsf/ L sfo{ of] hgf agfOg] 5. cfly{ s nfe ug'{ sf] ;fy} ;dfhdf k|efj kfl/ g] 5.

;s/ fTds ;f] rfO{ / xg] 5. sNof0fsf/ L sfo{ sf] z'?jft ubf{ w] / } JolQmsf] ;dy{ g kfOg] 5. gofF ldq aGg] 5g\. ofqfsf] of] u 5.ldy'g

t'nf

cfÇgf] st{ Josf] Vofn x'g] 5. ;xof] u / ;b\efjsf ] cfbgk|bfg x'g ] 5. d] nldnfksf] k|efjn] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ ;DkGg x'g] 5.

s'Dewg'

k/ fqmdsf] ult a9\g] 5. ;fdfGo / ] vb] vsf] k|efjn] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ ;DkGg ul/ g] 5. w] / } JolQmsf] ;xof] u kfOg] 5. cfly{ s nfe x'g] 5.

j[ if

/ fd|f] cj: yf x'Fbfx'Fb} ljsNksf] vf] h ul/ g] 5. c?sf] sfd Jojxf/ ubf{ cgy{ df vr{ x'g] 5. dgdf lrGtf, : jf: Yo ;d: of kg{ ;S5.

sGof

cb[ ioafwfsf] k|efj k/ ] sf] 5. aGg nfu] sf] sfo{ df cj/ f] w v8f x'Fbf lrGtf nfUg] 5. s'/ f sf6\g] ;lqmo x'g] 5g\. vr{ a9\g] 5.

ds/

;don] ;fy lbg] 5. sfdk|ltsf ] nugzLntf / xg] 5. plrt sfo{ sf] z'? ubf{ 3/ kl/ jf/ sf] ;xof] u kfOg] 5. pT;fx a9\g] 5.

sfdk|ltsf] nugzLntf / xg] 5. pBf] u wGbf, Jofkf/ Joj;fo Pjd\ / fhgLlt / ;fdflhs sfo{ df ;kmntf ldNg] 5. pT;fx a9\g] 5.ss{ 6s'6'lDaof of] usf] k|efj k/ ] sf] 5. cfkmGtsf] gftf] nufpFb} km;fpg vf] Hg] ;lqmo x'g] 5g\. csf{ sf] sfd Jojxf/ df ;lqmotf b] vfpFbf wgsf] vr{ x'g] 5.j[ lZrs

dLg

Hof] = / fdhL cf] emfHof] ltif lj1fg k/ fdz{ ;] jf, kmf] gM)^!–%#%!**, df] (*$^)@^$((

ljifodf Wofg k'Ug] 5. sfd Jojxf/ ubf{ 5f] / f5f] / L Pjd\ sd{ rf/ L ju{ sf] ;xof] u ;b\efj kfOg] 5. plrt sfo{ sf] yfngL ul/ g] 5.

;fdfGo sfd Jojxf/ nfO{ Hofbf b'Mv / vr{ ug{ kbf{ dgdf z+sf pAhg] 5. k|fKt cj;/ nfO{ pk] Iff ubf{ sdhf] / Lsf] kmfObf p7fpg] ;lqmo x'g] 5g\.

cfbz{ ;dfh ;+jfbbftfkf] v/ f, !* c;f/ . kf] v/ f

!& l: yt ;[ hgfTds ax'p2] ZoLo ; fd ' b f l os l;s fO { s ] G b | n ] afnclwsf/ ;DaGwL ;r ] tgf sfo{ qmd u/ ] sf] 5.

sfo{ qmddf kf] v/ f !& sf j8fWoIf tLy{ / fh clwsf/ Ln] cfkm\gf] j8fnfO{ hlt;Sbf] l56f] afnd} qL

j8f agfpg] k|lta4tf hgfP. pgn] afnd} qL cleofgdf ;3fpg ;a} nfO{ cfu|x;d] t u/ ] sf 5g\.

sfo { q mddf k [ YjLgf/ fo0f SofDk;sf ;xk|fWofks ch' { g e08f/ Ln] afnclwsf/ ;DaGwL cjwf/ 0ffkq k|: t't u/ ] sf lyP.

s] Gb|Lo afn sNof0f ;ldltsf afnclwsf/ ;|f] tJolQm ab|Lk|;fb

jfUn ] / 6 f ] k/ fh 9 ' + u fg fn ] a fnc lws f / / ; + j } w f l gs Aoj: yfaf/ ] ;xhLs/ 0f u/ ] sf lyP.

;+: yfsf cWoIf xL/ f lu/ Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{ qmddf dLgf a/ fnn] : jfut / ;+: yfsL kl/ rflnsf uLtf af: tf ] nfn ] ;~rfng u/ ] sL lyOg\.

afnclwsf/ ;DaGwL ;r] tgf

#@)&$ c;f/ !( ut] ;f] djf/

/ fli6«o b} lgs

kf] v/ f, !* c;f/ . o'jfo'jtLsf] nflu cfof] lht df] 8lnª l/ ofln6L zf] sf] cl8;g lnOPsf] 5.

ANo' / ] k|f] 8S;gsf] cfof] hgfdf x'g] k|ltof] lutfsf] klxnf] cl8;g / bf ] ;|f ] cl8;gaf6 u/ L $% hgf 5gf] 6 ePsf 5g\. 5gf] 6 x'g] df @) o'jf / @% o'jtL 5g\. 5gf] 6 ePsfnfO{ ljleGg cf7 r/ 0fdf k|ltikwf{ u/ fO{ ljh] tf 5gf] 6 ul/ g] 5. !% o'jf / !% o'jtLsfaLr clGtd k|ltikwf { u/ fOg] cfof] hsn] hgfPsf] 5. k|ltof] uLsf] u|f08 lkmgfn] cfufdL ebf} !) ut] kf] v/ fdf x'g] sfo{ qmd ;+of] hs dLgf e'h] nn] atfOg\. Ph] G;L

df] 8lnª l/ ofln6L zf]

gful/ s kf/ blz{ tfsf nflu ;fj{ hlgs n] vf k/ LIf0fkf] v/ f n] vgfy dxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !& l: yt lj?jf dfu{ z+s/ ky lkr tyf u6/ gfnf dfu{ af6f] lgdf{ 0f pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ePsf] Joxf] / f ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx¿df hfgsf/ Lsf nflu of] ;fj{ hlgs ;"rgf hf/ L ul/ Psf] 5.of] hgfsf] gfd M lj?jf dfu{ z+s/ ky lkr tyf u6/ gfnf lgdf{ 0fpkef] Qmf ;ldltsf] gfd M lj?jf dfu{ z+s/ ky pkef] Qmf ;ldltof] hgfsf] s'n nfut M @^, ##, $$^.–;Demf} tf ldlt M @)&#÷!)÷!( of] hgf z'? ldlt M @)&#÷!)÷@@of] hgf ;DkGg ldlt M @)&$÷)#÷!^af6f] sf] nDafO{ M $)) ld6/

gu/ kflnsfaf6 k|fKt x'g' kg] { / sd M !%, )*, )^*.–pkef] Qmfaf6 M !), %#, #&*.–hDdf vr{ M @^, ##, $$^.–pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/ LcWoIf M gf/ fo0f k|;fb clwsf/ L pkfWoIf M ;'ldqf v8\sf;lrj M dx] z s'df/ k|wfg sf] iffWoIf M xl/ ZrGb| zdf{ ;b: ox¿ M lbj; u'?ª 8f] ndfof kf} 8] n led axfb'/ b] jsf] 6f

cg'udg ;ldlt

;+of] hs M vdaxfb'/ s] =;L=

;b: o M

k|] daxfb'/ sfsL{

gful/ s kf/ blz{ tfsf nflu ;fj{ hlgs n] vf k/ LIf0fkf] v/ f n] vgfy dxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !& l: yt lj?jf dfu{ vfg] kfgL nfOg lj: tf/ lgdf{ 0f pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ePsf] Joxf] / f ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx¿df hfgsf/ Lsf nflu of] ;fj{ hlgs ;"rgf hf/ L ul/ Psf] 5.of] hgfsf] gfd M lj?jf dfu{ z+s/ ky vfg] kfgL nfOg lj: tf/

pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf] gfd M lj?jf dfu{ z+s/ ky vfg] kfgL pkef] Qmf ;ldltof] hgfsf] s'n nfut M %, !^, *$!.–;Demf} tf ldlt M @)&#÷!@÷)( of] hgf z'? ldlt M @)&#÷!@÷)(of] hgf ;DkGg ldlt M @)&$÷)!÷#)af6f] sf] nDafO{ M $)) ld6/

gu/ kflnsfaf6 k|fKt x'g' kg] { / sd M @, )^, &#^.–pkef] Qmfaf6 M #, !), !)%.–hDdf vr{ M %, !^, *$!.–pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/ LcWoIf M gf/ fo0f k|;fb clwsf/ L pkfWoIf M ;'ldqf v8\sf;lrj M dx] z s'df/ k|wfg sf] iffWoIf M xl/ ZrGb| zdf{ ;b: ox¿ M lbj; u'?ª 8f] ndfof kf} 8] n led axfb'/ b] jsf] 6f

cg'udg ;ldlt

;+of] hs M vdaxfb'/ s] =;L=

;b: ox¿ M

k|] daxfb'/ sfsL{

gful/ s kf/ blz{ tfsf nflu ;fj{ hlgs n] vf k/ LIf0fkf] v/ f n] vgfy dxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= @@ l: yt e'DbLsf] 6 df=lj=df sDkfp08 jfn lgdf{ 0f ubf{ pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ePsf] Joxf] / f ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx¿df hfgsf/ Lsf nflu of] ;fj{ hlgs ;"rgf hf/ L ul/ Psf] 5.of] hgfsf] gfd M cf] vn] 8fF8f e'DbLsf] 6 df=lj=df sDkfp08 jfn lgdf{ 0fpkef] Qmf ;ldltsf] gfd M cf] vn] 8f“8f e'DbLsf] 6 df=lj= sDkfp08 jfn p=;=of] hgfsf] s'n nfut M *, )), &!(.#^;Demf} tf ldlt M @)&#÷!!÷@# of] hgf z'? ldlt M @)&#÷!!÷@%of] hgf ;DkGg ldlt M @)&#÷!@÷#)gu/ kflnsfaf6 k|fKt x'g' kg] { / sd M ^, $), ))).–pkef] Qmfaf6 M !, ^), ))).–hDdf vr{ M *, )), ))).–pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/ LcWoIf M lbnsfhL u'?ª pkfWoIf M lji0f' u'?ª;lrj M dw'k|;fb a/ fn sf] iffWoIf M kfj{ tL u'?ª;b: ox¿ M rf] sdfof u'?ª l6sf g] kfnL od axfb'/ u'?ª rl08sf k|;fb a/ fn ;fljqL clwsf/ L

cg'udg ;ldlt ;+of] hs M

/ fdsfhL u'?ª

;b: o M;Gtf] if u'?ªpiff u'?ª

xflb{ s ;dj] bgf

o; ljBfnosf h] x] Gbf/ , nugzLn Pjd\ cToGt} ldng;f/ e"=k"= ljBfyL{ ;ljg lnun sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf] cfh !# cf} F lbgsf] k'0oltlydf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub} { zf] s;GtKt kl/ jf/ hgdf xflb{ s ;dj] bgf JoQm ub{ 5f} F. ;fy} o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf zf] sfs'n kl/ jf/ hgnfO{ O{ Zj/ n] w} o{ wf/ 0f ug] { zlQm k|bfg u?g\ eGg] sfdgf ;d] t JoQm ub{ 5f} F.

: j= ;ljg lnun

hGdMlj=;+= @)$&÷)#÷)@

: juf{ / f] x0f Mlj=;+= @)&$÷)#÷)&

/ fd' u'?ª sf] ifaxfb'/ u'?ª cWoIf lk|lG;kn

lgnlu/ L O{ Ëln; af] l8{ Ë : s"n kl/ jf/

;+uddfu{ , Go"/ f] 8, kf] v/ f

Pjd\

kf] v/ f n] vgfy dxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= ( kl/ jf/

nf] sbz{ g sf] O/ fnf;lrj

/ fd/ fh nfld5fg] cWoIfPjd\

xflb{ s ;dj] bgf

o; kf] v/ f n] vgfy dxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= ( sf k"j{ j8f cWoIf ;fgsfhL tem\ofsf] ^! jif{ sf] pd] / df c;fdlos : juf{ / f] x0f ePsf] cfh !# cf} F lbgsf] k'0oltlydf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub} { zf] s;GtKt kl/ jf/ hgk|lt xflb{ s ;dj] bgf JoQm ub{ 5f} F.

: j= ;fgsfhL tem\of

hGdMlj=;+= @)!# c;f] h !&

;f] daf/

: juf{ / f] x0f Mlj=;+= @)&$ c;f/ &

a'waf/

xflb{ s ;dj] bgf

;[ hgzLn dlxnf ;d"x kf] =n] =d=g=kf= j8f g+= $ ;[ hgzLn dlxnf ;d"xsf cfhLjg ;b: o s[ i0fs'df/ L sf] O/ fnfsf k"hgLo klt cfhLjg ;b: o c~hnL -bLkf_ sf] O/ fnfsf k'hgLo ;;'/ f a'af xl/ axfb'/ sf] O/ fnfsf] c;fdlos : juf{ / f] x0f ePsf] cfh $% cf} F lbgsf] k'0oltlydf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub} { zf] s;GtKt kl/ jf/ hgk|lt xflb{ s

;dj] bgf JoQm ub{ 5f} F.

: j= xl/ axfb'/ sf] O/ fnf

hGdMlj=;+= @))%÷!@÷@(

: juf{ / f] x0f Mlj=;+= @)&$÷)@÷)%

nIdL sf] O/ fnfcWoIf Pjd\

;[ hgzLn dlxnf ;d"x kl/ jf/

kf] v/ f n] vgfy d=g=kf=–$, u0f] z6f] n

xflb{ s ;dj] bgf

o; ;+: yfsf k|aGws ljhos'df/ k|wfgHo"sf k"hgLo lktf dfgaxfb'/ k|wfgsf] &) jif{ sf] pd] / df c;fdlos : juf{ / f] x0f ePsf] n] xfdL cToGt ddf{ xt ePsf 5f} F. o; b'Mvb\ 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub} { zf] s;GtKt kl/ jf/ hgk|lt w} o{ wf/ 0f ug] { zlQm ldnf] ;\ egL xflb{ s ;dj] bgf JoQm ub{ 5f} F.

: j= dfgaxfb'/ k|wfg

hGdMlj=;+= @))$ r} q $ ut]

: juf{ / f] x0f Mlj=;+= @)&$ c;f/ !% ut]

dfwj kg] ?;lrj Pjd\

afnsNof0f ;+: yf kl/ jf/

kf] v/ f n] vgfy d=g=kf=–^, ;] bLau/

nf] s ;] jf cfof] usf] b] xfosf] a9'jf ;"rgf cg';f/ lhNnf x'nfs sfof{ no afun'ªdf l/ Qm / xs] f] g] kfn k|zf;g ;] jf, ;fdfGo k|zf;g ;d"x, / f=k= cg= låtLo >] 0fLsf] vl/ bf/ kb ! -Ps_ / sf] if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no afun'ª cGtu{ t l/ Qm / x] sf] g] kfn k|zf;g ;] jf, n] vf ;d'x, / f=k= cg+= låtLo >] 0fLsf] ;x–n] vfkfn kb ! -Ps_ df a9'jf ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&$÷)#÷)$ / % ut] sf] lg0f{ ofg';f/ lgDg of] Uotfqmdsf pDd] bjf/ nfO{ sfo{ Ifdtf / d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/ df a9'jf l;kmfl/ ; ug] { lg0f{ o ePsfn] lghfdtL ;] jf P] g, @)$( sf] bkmf @)-$_ / bkmf @$ -r_ sf] k|of] hgsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5.

of] = qm=g++ ;+s] t g+= pDd] bjf/ sf] gfd l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] sfof{ no

!= !(^)(^ s[ i0fk|;fb kf} 8] n lhNnf x'nfs sfof{ no, afun'ª

@= !$))&@ t] h] Gb| k|;fb h} ;L sf] if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no, afun'ªk|zf;sLo clws[ t

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{ noafun'ª a9'jf ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnosf] ;"rgf

cfo'j] { b sG;N6] G6 8f= a'l4k|;fb kf} 8] n kf] v/ fdf pkrf/ ul/ g] / f] ux¿ M kfoN; M lb;f ug{ ufx|f] x'g] Pj+ b'Vg] , / ut cfpg] , df;'sf] 8Nnf aflx/ lg: sg] , u'b\åf/ jl/ k/ L luvf{ b] lvg] , ;'lGgg] , kf] Ng] , lkk aUg] cflb. cf} ifwL vfP/ ;Grf] gePsf] gofF tyf k'/ fgf kfoN; -Piles_ lkm: 6'nf -Fistula-in ano_, lkm;/ nfO{ Iff/ ;'q ;h{ / Låf/ f k"0f{ ¿kdf lgsf] kfl/ g] , ;h{ / L kl5 egf{ eP/ a: g' gkg{ ] . gzf M ;fO{ l6sf, xftv'§f kf] Ng] , emdemdfpg] , lgbfpg] , gzf RoflkPsf] , Kof/ fnfO{ l;;, d'v afËf] x'g] , ¥ofn r'lx/ xg] , z/ L/ sf] s'g} Psx/ grNg] jf k'/ } x/ grNg] , vfg jf af] Ng cK7\of/ f] x'g] lb;f, lk;fa / f] Sg g;Sg] , z/ L/ ;'lGgg] . afy, xf8hf] gL{ M hf] gL{ , 3'8fF b'Vg] , ;'lGgg] , o"l/ s Pl;8 a9\g] , lx8\g ufx|f] x'g] , x8\8L lvOPsf] , z/ L/ sdhf] / x'g] , xftv'§f n'nf] x'g] , grNg] , rnfpg ufx|f] x'g] , ;': t dgl: ylt ePsf lxF8\8'n ug{ g;Sg] aRrf, ;8\s] sf] jf ds] { sf] ck|] zgkl5 9f8, xftv'§fsf] hf] gL{ x¿ grNg] , b'Vg] sf] ;kmn pkrf/ . k|ToIf lkmlhof] y] / fkL 8fS6/ åf/ f pkrf/ ul/ g] . df] 6f] kg M z/ L/ sf] BMI k/ LIf0f u/ L cgfjZos -Fat_ af] ;f] nfO{ @! lbg d} ^ b] lv !) s] hL 36fOg] . ;'u/ , yfO/ fO8, lj=kL=xfO{ , dlxgfjf/ Ldf u8j8L, lkgf;, gfssf] PnhL{ , k'/ fgf] Uofli6«s, sAhLot, 6fpsf] b'Vg] , 5fnf / of} g / f] u, bd, 6lG;n xfO8«f] l;n, d[ uf} nfsf] kTy/ L, 808Lkmf] / , sfnf] kf] tf] , bfu, skfn emg] { ;d: of, aRrf aRrL b'Anfpg] , kftnf] x'g] , vfgf ?lr gx'g] , lj: tf/ fdf lk;fj ug] { , lgdf] lgof, hlG8;, x] kf6fOl6; B, C, / S;L r'/ f] 6 h: tf s'ntnfO{ t'?Gt 5'6fpg] .

kf] v/ f–(, afF: tf] nfy/ , dx] Gb|k'n, -cf] d xl: k6nsf] 7Ls cufl8_ zfvf M k|s[ lt cfo'j] { b ejg;kgf cfo'j] { b ejg k|f=ln=

kmf] g g+= M )^!–%@&%*#, (*%^)@&%*#

;Dks{ M

c;f/ @$ ut] / @% ut] dfq

& lg/ f cfo'j] { b kmfd] { ;L

o; ;xsf/ L ;+: yfaf6 tkl;ndf plNnlvt C0fLn] lnPsf] shf{ sf] efvf Dofbleq a'emfpg' kg] { ls: tf -;fFjf Aofh_ glt/ L ga'emfO{ / sd afFsL g} / fvL pQm shf{ lnFbf ul/ lbPsf] shf{ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ zt{ aGb] h pNn+3g ug'{ ePsf] n] k6s k6s df} lvs Pj+ lnlvt t/ tflstf u/ L plNnlvt shf{ sf] a'emfpg' kg] { / sd / ;f] df nfu] sf] Aofh tyf yk b: t'/ ;d] t e'Qmfg ul/ lbg cg'/ f] w u/ ] sf] df pQm shf{ sf] a'emfpg' kg] { / sd e'Qmfg ug{ tkm{ C0fL tyf ;'/ If0f wgL ;d] tn] s'g} rf;f] gb] vfO{ cfn6fn u/ L shf{ / sd afFsL g} / x] sf] n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq cfkm"n] lnPsf] C0f / sdsf] a'emfpg' kg] { ;fFjf, Aofh tyf cGo yk b} b: t'/ ;d] t a'emfpg tyf r'Qmf km5\of} { 6 ug{ cfpg' x'g ;DalGwt C0fL tyf rn÷crn ;DklQ wgL Pj+ shf{ sf] nflu wghdfgL lbg] ;a} nfO{ o;} ;"rgfåf/ f ;"lrt ul/ G5 . cGoyf ;xsf/ L P] g @)$* tyf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gn] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of] u u/ L lnnfd laqmL jf cGo Joj: yf u/ L shf{ c;'n pk/ ul/ g] 5 . ;fy} lnnfd laqmLaf6 shf{ c;'n pk/ gePdf lghsf] cGo rn crn ;DklQ / hdfgt al;lbg] tkl;ndf pNn] lvt AolQmx?sf] rn crn ;DklQaf6 c;'n pk/ ul/ lng] tyf gfd sfnf] ;"rLdf ;d] t ;dfa] z ul/ g] Aoxf] / f o;} ;"rgfåf/ f hfgsf/ L u/ fO{ G5 .tkl;n M

qm=;+= C0fL tyf AolQmut wg hdfgL lbg] sf] ltg k': t] gfd

7] ufgf shf{ zLif{ s kmf] 6f]

!=

@=

#=

C0fL M d+unsfhL dfgGw/

afa'sf] gfd M ;fg'efO{ dfgGw/

afh] sf] gfdM xs{ axfb'/ dfgGw/

wghdfgL lbg] M!= ;+3if{ dfgGw/

afa'sf] gfd M d+unsfhL dfgGw/

afh] sf] gfdM ;fg'efO{ dfgGw/

C0fL M lbg] z u'?·afa'sf] gfd M lnn axfb'/ u'?·afh] sf] gfdM cfO{ t axfb'/ u'?·

wghdfgL lbg] M@= d+unsfhL dfgGw/

afa'sf] gfd M ;fg'efO{ dfgGw/

afh] sf] gfd M xs{ axfb'/ dfgGw/

C0fL M nfn k|;fb u'?·afa'sf] gfd M uug axfb'/ u'?·afh] sf] gfdM k"0f{ axfb'/ u'?·

wghdfgL lbg] M #= kz'klt e§/ fO{ afa'sf] gfd M uf] ljGb| k|;fb e§/ fO{ afh] sf] gfd M lnnflglw e§/ fO{

;fljs n] =g=kf=–!@,

uuguf} +8f, sf: sL xfnKff] =n] =d=g=kf–#),

uuguf} +8f, sf: sL

;fljs n] =g=kf–!@,

uuguf} +8f, sf: sL xfnkf] =n] =d=g=kf–#), uuguf} +8f, sf: sL

;fljs n] =g=kf–!#, dh'jf, sf: sL xfn Kff] =n] =d=g=kf–#@,

dh'jf, sf: sL

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Hotel GorkHali DHeeMob: 9846906588

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Hostel Warden-MaleSalary: 17000Age: 25 Yrs or aboveQual: 10+2/ PCL or above

Contact:

061-539007, 9856021299

WANTED

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Teacher WanTedSECONDAry LEVLESOCIAL TEAChEr

Education : B.A., B.Ed. or moreExperience : 2 years

CONTACTGurukuL VIDhyAShrAM

Lekhnath-12, Powerhouse, 9846364390, 061-696884(1 km from Pokhara university)

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klx/ f] k|efljtnfO{ / fxt lbg Wofgfsif{ 0f

cf+zLs?kdf Iflt k'u] sf ] 5. nEnL8fF8fdf klx/ f] uP/ tLg cf] 6f ?v 9Nbf lr;fvf] nf cf+zLs?kdf y'lgPsf] 5. lah'nLsf] kf] ndf tf/ r'Fl8Fbf ljB't\ ;] jf cj?4 ePsf] 5.

;/ f ªs f ] 6 , s f : s Ls f ] 6 , l9s'/ kf] v/ L, s[ lif ;8scGtu{ t zLtn a: tLsf] *) 3/ dWo] @) 3/ klx/ f] sf] pRr hf] lvddf / x] sf] 6f] n ljsf; ;ldltsf cWoIf j;Gt ;'j] bLn] atfP. ;/ fªsf] 6 hfg] af6f] ;d] t cj?4 5.

lztn a: tLdflysf] l9: sf] v: bf : yfgLo dgaxfb'/ lassf] Pstn] 3/ k"0f{ ?kdf Iflt ePsf] 5.

Jojl: yt?kdf u|fdL0f ;8s gvGbf klx/ f] uO{ a: tL hf] lvddf k/ ] sf ] : yfgLosf ] u 'gf;f ] 5. rfkf6fF8L vf] nf Jojl: yt ul/ lbg

: yfgLon] dfu u/ ] sf 5g\. ;] tL y'lgg] vt/ f

kf] v/ fdf z'qmaf/ / zlgaf/ of] jif{ s} ;jf{ lws jiff{ ePkl5 ;] tL gbLsf] l8n efl;Psf] 5. 3fl/ kf6g ldt] / L k'n glhs} ;] tL l8nsf] 7"nf] hldg lr/ f lr/ f eP/ ulx/ f] u/ L efl;Psf] 5. ;] tLsf] %) ld6/ bfofFafofF hf] lvd If] qsf] 3f] if0ff u/ L To; If] qdf 3/ agfpg gkfOg] kf] v/ f dxfgu/ kflnsfn] dfkb08 agfP klg sfof{ Gjog x'g ;s] sf] 5} g. kl5Nnf] @$ 306fdf kf] v/ fdf d'n'sd} ;a} eGbf a9L jiff{ ePsf] hn tyf df} ;d k"jf{ g'dfg dxfzfvfn] hgfPsf] 5. cfOtaf/ laxfgsf] dfkgcg';f/ Ps ;o (! ldlnld6/ jiff{ ePsf] xf] . kf] v/ fdf o;cl3 ;g\ @))! cui6 !* df clxn] ;Dds} ;jf{ lws tLg ;o %& ldlnld6/ jiff{ ePsf] lyof] .

cfbz{ ;dfh ;+jfbbftfx] dhf, !* c;f/ . cGgk"0f{

ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= # l9s'/ kf] v/ Ln] cfly{ s jif{ @)&$÷)&% sf nflu of] hgf th'{ df u/ ] sf] 5.

j8fn] s'n b'O{ s/ f] 8 *^ nfv !( xhf/ 5 ;o cg'dflgt cfo Joo ljj/ 0f;lxt !) nfv ?k} ofFsf] cfly{ s ljsf;, #% nfvsf] ;fdflhs ljsf;, ^* nfvsf] k "jf { wf/ ljsf;, #% nfvsf ] jftfj/ 0f tyf ljkb\ Joj: yfkg, rf/ nfvsf] ;+: yfut ljsf; tyf ;] jfk|jfx, kfFr nfvsf] ljQLo Joj: yfkg ;'zf;g, !) nfv, ** xhf/ cf7 ;o #) sf] nlIft ju{ sfo{ qmd tyf kfFr nfv ;dk"/ s sf] if;lxtsf] of] hgf ;d] 6] sf] 5.

To: t} , wf/ fkfgL–ebf} / ] –;Nofg u|fdL0f ;8s : t/ f] Gglt, cFw] / Lvf] nf / ftf] klx/ f] lgoGq0f, kfpFb'/ sf] 6df Eo" 6fj/ lgdf{ 0f, km'6an d} bfg lgdf{ 0f, ljleGg l;rfO{ s'nf] lgdf{ 0f,

ljleGg 6f] ndf xf] d : 6] cjwf/ 0f, d/ fpFr] l: yt k|ultzLn o'jf Snasf] nflu ax'p2] ZoLo ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{ 0fnufot of] hgf sfof{ Gjogsf nflu k|b] z tyf s] Gb|df dfu ug] { lg0f{ o klg u/ ] sf] 5.

k | d ' v c lt ly c Ggk " 0 f {

ufpFkflnsf pkfWoIf ;u'g u'?ªn] ufpFkflnsfn] : yfgLo ljsf;nfO{ pRr dxTj lbPsf ] atfOg \. pkfWoIf u'?ªn] hgk|ltlglwnfO{ c+s'z nfpg] u/ L ljleGg kq g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf ljleGg ljifout sfof{ nodfkm{ t cfpg] u/ ] sf] rrf{

ub} { h: tf] ;'s} cj: yfdf klg cfkm" hgtfsf] ;] jfdf vl6g] : ki6 kfl/ g\.

j8f cWoIf rGb|axfb'/ u'?ªn] cfkm\gf] j8fsf ljsf; lgdf{ 0f ;/ sf/ L dfkb08cg';f/ ul/ g] lhls/ u/ ] . pgn] ljsf;df cu'jfO{ ug{ hgtf;Fu cfu|x u/ ] .

sfo{ qmddf g] kfnL sfFu] ;sf k|ltlglw 6Lsf/ fd kf} 8] n, Pdfn] sf k|ltlglw b'uf{ k|;fb kf} 8] n, dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|sL j8f pkfWoIf ljg' kl/ of/ , / fk|kfsf j8f cWoIf u'~hdfg u'?ª, ;fljs j8f g+= & gful/ s d~rsf ;+of] hs b] j lu/ L, : yfgLo r"8fdl0f kf} 8] n, OGb|k|;fb kf} 8] n, >Leb| kf} 8] n, j8f ;b: o sdnf s] ;Lnufot af] n] sf lyP.

j8f ;b: o s] ;Ln] : jfut u/ ] sf] pQm sfo{ qmd j8f cWoIf rGb|axfb'/ u'?ªsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] xf] . sfo{ qmd ;~rfng j8f;lrj d'lQm/ fd e08f/ Ln] u/ ] sf lyP.

cGgk"0f{ # sf] of] hgf th'{ df

of] hgf th'{ df sfo{ qmddf af] Nb} ufpFkflnsf pkfWoIf ;u'g u'?ª. t: jL/ M >Leb| kf} 8] n÷cfbz{ ;dfh

g] skf Pdfn] sf lji0f'k|;fb e08f/ L / pkfWoIf / fwfb] jL >] i7;lxt g] skf Pdfn] n] rf/ j8fWoIf / g] kfnL sfFu| ] ;n] Ps j8fWoIf lht] sf 5g\.

lg: bL ufpFkflnsf cWoIfdf g] skf Pdfn] sf d'Qmaxfb'/ ;f? / pkfWoIfdf / Ltfs'df/ L vgfn cof{ n;lxt g] skf Pdfn] kfFr / g] kfnL sfFu|] ;n] tLg j8fWoIf lht] sf 5g\.

dfyfu9L ufpFkflnsfdf cWoIf

g] kfnL sfFu|] ;sf ;Gtf] ifs'df/ yfkf / pkfWoIfdf lgd{ nf e§/ fO{ ;lxt cf7 j8fWoIfdf g] kfnL sfFu|] ;n] lht] sf] 5.

k"j{ vf] nf ufpFkflnsf cWoIfdf g] skf Pdfn] sf g'gaxfb'/ yfkf / pkfWoIfdf eflu/ yL e§/ fO{ ;lxt 5 j8fWoIfdf g] skf Pdfn] n] lht] sf] 5.

r'gfjdf ljho xfl;n u/ ] ;+Fu} ljho bnx?n ] gu/ kf lnsf , ufpFkflnsf / j8f j8fdf ljho ¥ofnL lgsfn] / dtbftfnfO{ wGojfb lbg yfn] sf 5g\.

klx/ f] n] ===

tfg;] gdf ===

sf7df8f} F, !* c;f/ . g] kfn cfon lgudn] k] 6«f] lnod kbfy{ sf] d"No 36fPsf] 5 .

ef/ tLo cfon lgudn] k7fPsf] gofF d"No;"rLcg';f/ lgudn] cfOtaf/ / flt !@ ah] af6 nfu" x'g] u/ L k] 6«f] n, l8hn / d§Lt] ndf k|ltln6/ ? b'O{ ÷b'O{ sf b/ n] d"No 36fPsf] xf] .

o: t} vfgf ksfpg] Uof;df klg k|ltl;ln08/ ? @% 36fPsf] 5 eg] xjfO{ OGwgdf cfGtl/ stkm{ klg k|ltln6/ ? rf/ n] 36fPsf] lgudsf k|jQmf ;Ltf/ fd kf] v/ ] nn] hfgsf/ L lbP .

gofF d"No;"rLcg';f/ k] 6«f] n k|ltln6/ ? (*, l8hn / d§Lt] n k|ltln6/ ? &$, vfgf ksfpg] Uof; k|ltl;ln08/ ? Ps xhf/ #%) / xjfO{ OGwg cfGtl/ s k|ltln6/ ? *@ sfod ePsf] 5 .

lgudnfO{ cem} dfl;s ? $) s/ f] 8 gfkmf / xg] k|jQmf kf] v/ ] nn] hfgsf/ L lbP. / f;;

k] 6«f] lnod kbfy{ sf] d"No

36Øf]