Lancement de la maison de la simulation de l’université de ...maison-simulation.univ-lille.fr/sites/maison... · Big data analysis and supercomputing power allow to propose new

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FP3C

Lancement de la maison de la simulation de l’université de Lille

Lille, le 29 mars 2016

Les challenges portés par le calcul scientifique haute performance

Serge G. Petiton

1 Groupe de Recherches Avancees en Calculs Extremes

Experimentations/ Observation

Theory/ Modelisation

Visualisation, Datamining.

Molecular Dynamic, Climate Nanotechnologies ….

2 29 mars 2016 MDLS@Lille

Equations (Navier Stoke, Euler, Maxwell,…)

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Simulation as a third pillar of science

NUMERICAL SIMULATION

The numerical simulations deeply and fundamentally change the scientific process, thanks to large computing facilities

The high performance scientific computing asks now for very large multi-disciplinary research teams, accessing very large computing facilities

Visualisation, Datamining.

Grand Challenge Applications Molecular Dynamic, Climate Nanotechnologies ….

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The “end “of the Moore law and the size of the new applications open new computer science and applied mathematics difficult challenges

29 mars 2016 MDLS@Lille

n  Large-scale simulations using supercomputers

n  Critical and cutting-edge methodology in all of science and engineering disciplines

n  The third “pillar” in modern science and technology

Courtesy Mitsuhisa Sato, Univ. Tsulkub, with added pciture 4 29 mars 2016 MDLS@Lille

Radioactivity (Marie Curie) Fractal

(Benoit Mandelbrot) Quantum therory (Max Planck)

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A lot of new applications (social network, nanotechnologies, medical, security, intelligence, ….)


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BIG DATA/BIG ANALYTICS (Data science, deep learning,

PageRank,…..)

Law of large number: from statistical methods to observation and analysis of big data

(Hidden) Markov process and Page rank method : large set of applications

Others approaches mixing different technics…. Deep learning, IA….

MDLS@Lille






6 29 mars 2016


PageRank,…..)




MDLS@Lille

Data science versus Computational Science

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7 29 mars 2016


PageRank,…..)




MDLS@Lille

Data science AND Computational Science, toward intelligent scientific computing

n  Large-scale simulations using supercomputers

n  Critical and cutting-edge methodology in all of science and engineering disciplines

n  The third “pillar” in modern science and technology

Courtesy Mitsuhisa Sato, Univ. Tsulkub, with added pciture 8 29 mars 2016 MDLS@Lille

Radioactivity (Marie Curie) Fractal

(Benoit Mandelbrot) Quantum therory (Max Planck)

Sergei Brin and Larry Page

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New scientific frontiers

n  The new computational power allows to solve new classes of applications than fluid mechanics and classic scientific equations (Maxwell, Euler, Navier-Stoke,…), and the next generation of supercomputers would open doors to new domains : mixing computational and data sciences

n  Next generation of supercomputer would have more than one million of core and will have billions of threads in parallel : if we emulate just 100 cells in a thread, we may emulate as much cell as the human brain has (Human brain project : to recreate the human mind inside a supercomputer, but also to analyse Parkinson and Alzheimer disease, simulating synapse behaviours).

n  Big data analysis and supercomputing power allow to propose new cure protocol (cancer Parkinson, Azheimer,…, advertisement industry (project with Havas), and social networks.

n  “In silicon” biology open new researches

n  DNA analysis, Nuclear fusion (ITER), earthquake aftershock predictions, n  Virtual cell, and virtual virus (visualization of the changing atomic structure, i.e. compute

interactions between one million of atom at each time step : 100 days on a supercomputers) n  Virtual heart, Virtual medical human : simulation of a AIDS infection in the virtual being; simulation of

drugs to cure AIDS – Virtual Human Body (including cell level and DNA,….) n  Supercomputers associated with clouds and Big Data analysis would really change our way of life

during the two next decades : Deep learning, future unknown applications with important societal impacts!

A forest of synthetic pyramidal dendrites grown in silico

In vivo, in vitro, in situ, and now in silico


Societal impact of high Performance Computing (HPC)

n  Important societal impact of HPC (cf. for example the first Singapore-japan symposium, 2/27-28, 2012),

n  Supercomputing will minimize the average person’s healthcare costs (better drug modelling, adapted to target specific DNA, better cure protocol,..),

n  Airport security would be safer : rapidly sort and analyse massive amounts of data, n  Curing diseases : protein folding and virtual medical body programs,…. n  Energy : fusion modelling and geoscience,… n  Disaster managements : simulation of fire, earthquake, flooding, particle cloud evolution,… n  Virtual worlds associated with added realities and 3D caves would generate a lot of

applications. n  Economical applications, stock exchange and change markets,….. n  Law and international trades : big data analysis associated with supercomputer powers, n  …/… n  HPC associate with the other scientific evolution (robotics, visualisation, network,

communications,…) open huge industrial opportunities n  Other “non scientific” applications

n  HPC would perhaps also generate new social behaviours associated to the access or not to such capacities. The more accurate will be your multi-scale medical body simulation to cure your disease, the best will be your adapted drugs, for example. Access to the faster supercomputers must be more and more strategic, not only for nations, companies but also for individuals


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n  Sustained Petascale applications on an unique computer exist since a few months. Gordon Bell award : more than 3 sustained petafops (Taisuke Boku et al.)

n  Next frontier : Exascale computing (and how many MWatts???20,50,more?) n  Fault tolerance, resiliency ; with a large number of core, the probability of fault

increase. The time between to fault will ne smaller that the duration of computation. n  We have to be able to anticipate solutions to be able to educate scientists as soon

as possible to the future programming. n  New smart power-aware scientific methods have to be developed n  We have to use the existing emerging platforms and prototype to imagine the future

language, systems, algorithms,…. n  We have to propose new programming paradigms (SPMD/MPI for 1 million of

cores and 1 billions of threads????), MPI-X or X-MPI or Z-MPI-X??? n  We have to propose new languages. n  Co-design and domain application languages and/or high level multi-level

language and frameworks,…….

Future challenges, on the road to exascale computing and beyond The Future Exaflop barrier (1018 ops/s) : not only another symbolic frontier coming after the Petaflops


As a conclusion n  Next generation of supercomputers : they will be huge, energy consuming, and with

resilience problems to fix. The faster ones would be limited to a few per continents. Access to these exascale supercomputers would be first reserved for strategic applications.

n  Impacts on society : they would be very important but indirect, first. In the future, we may imagine that access to large computational facilities would be a requirement from some individual as many healthcare and other welfare applications would be based on computational power ; and accuracies will depend directly on the performances.

n  Impact on technology : very important, crucial, from nanotech to fusion. Access to next generation of supercomputer and their programming are already study and predict by several large industrial companies and governments.

n  And us : directly or indirectly, the next generation of supercomputers will impact our life ; but perhaps the major impacts will arrive when supercomputers will have sustained performances much more larger that the target exascale. Then, it is even difficult to imagine what the main impacts would be.

Mais, le plus grand challenge est la création de recherches multidisplinaires de tailles suffisantes permettant d’être acteur dans cette importante évolution de certains aspects de la science, avec des moyens a` la hauteur des enjeux!

Le lancement de la “maison de la simulation de l’université de Lille” est une étape capitale pour créer une dynamique pour faire face aux changements annoncés de faire de la science , s’inscrivant dans un cadre national et international.


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Lancement de la maison de la simulation de l’université de ...maison-simulation.univ-lille.fr/sites/maison... · Big data analysis and supercomputing power allow to propose new