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Abstract

A country foreign policy is not only the first line of its national

defence, but it also guarantees a nation rightful place in the

international community. It is always the product of interaction of

many forces like historical, ideological, economic, national interests

and geo-political situation that determine the country's outlook in the

world affairs. Pakistan foreign policy is no exception to such stated

points. The most important issues in Pakistan's foreign policy are

security, political independence, territorial integrity, sovereignty and

social and economic development etc. Keeping in mind these issues

along with its geo-strategic position, Pakistan has formulated its

foreign policy over the years, and has passed through stages during

its development. In the initial years of its independence, Pakistan

followed an independent policy with the objectives of friendship with

all countries. Then it played an important role in the cold war

politics, and also remained a strategic partner in the Afghan

resistance movement. It remained the most sanctioned country in the

nineteen ninety and then played a front line role in the global counter

terrorism strategy. This papers deals with various phases/periods of

Pakistan foreign policy since its independence.

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22 ìT~ЃÐZëµ/u0*ÎyZOŠ~gZ@Zg~»µ/ìXTÐw~Zk´‘ÅZOŠ~qª$+wYñÏX

jZ!Y]1. Government of Pakistan, Foreign Office Year Book 2012-2013 (Islamabad:

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2013), p. ix.

2. Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema, Pakistan's Defence Policy 1947-58 (London:

Macmillan Press, 1990), pp. 28-32.

3. Hasan-Askari Rizvi, "Pakistan's Foreign policy: An overview 1947-2004."

PILDAT Briefing Paper. Lahore: Pakistan Institute of Legislative

Development and Transparency, 2004, p. 11.

4. Rais Ahmad Khan, ed., In Search of Peace and Security: Forty Years of

Pakistan-United States Relations (Karachi: Royal Book Company, 1990),

p. 31.

5. S. M. Burke and Lawrence Ziring, Pakistan Foreign Policy: An Historical

99 _________________________ 0*ÎyÅ{gz0*ŒÆZZŠzZg»Zq-Y,{)6102YD7491Y(

Analysis (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1994), pp. 164-170.

6. S. M. Burke and Lawrence Ziring, 201-218. For detail see Abdul Sattar,

Pakistan Foreign Policy 1947-2005: A Concise History (Karachi: Oxford

University Press, 2007), pp. 53-66.

7. Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema, pp. 155.

8. Mohammad Ayub Khan, Friends not Masters: A Political Autobiography

(Islamabad: Mr. Books, 2006), pp. 164-166.

9. Hasan-Askari Rizvi, pp. 14-16.

10. Rias Ahmad Khan, pp. 43-45.

11. Hasan-Askari Rizvi, p. 17.

12. Omer Farooq Zain, Zufi Bhutto's Foreign Policy: Vocalization for

self-reliance and vivification of integrity", Pakistan Journal of Social

Sciences, vol. 32, no. 2 (2012), pp. 429-430.

13. Ibid, 131-133. Also see Abdul Sattar, pp. 145-149.

14. A. Z. Hilali, US-Pakistan Relationship: Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

(U.S.A.: Ashgate Publisher, 2005), pp. 118-130.

15. Hasan-Askari Rizvi, pp. 19-20.

16. Abdul Sattar, pp. 225-226. See also Tehmina Mahmood, "Pressler

Amendment and Pakistan's Security Concerns", Pakistan Horizon, vol. 47,

no. 4 (October 1994), pp. 101-105.

17. Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema, "Black laws for Kashmiris", The News, March 30,

2002.

18. Naseem Ahmed, "Pakistan Taliban Policy 1994-1999", The Dialogue vii,

no. 1 (January-March 2002): pp. 82-95.

19. For detail see Fazal Rabbi, "U.S.-led War on Terrorism and its

Repercussions for Pakistan," Pakistan Journal of History and Culture xxxiii,

no. 2 (July-December 2012): pp. 71-90

20. Ibid, 81-82. See also Kamal Matinuddin, "Post 9/11 Afghanistan", South

Asia Journal Issue 3 (January-March 2004), pp. 108.

21. Khurshid Mehmood Kasuri, "Pakistan's Foreign Policy", Pakistan Horizon

vol. 58, no. 3 (July 2005), pp. 48. 50.

22. Rashid Ahmed Khan, "P akis tan and China: Cooperat ion in

counter-terrorism", http://issi.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/13794792

13_96964375.pdf (accessed 25.3.2016).

///

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