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APPENDIX-I
LIST OF THE HINDU COURTIERS AND OFFICIALS IN
THE LAHORE DARBAR Sr. No. Name Sub-Caste Position
1. Ajodhia Das Adalati
2. Ajodhia Parshad (son of Rallia
Ram)
Brahmin Worked under his
father
3. Ajodhia Parshad, Diwan
(son of Diwan Ganga Ram)
Brahmin Paymaster
4. Amarnath, Diwan (son of
Diwan Dina Nath)
Brahmin Paymaster
5. Amir Chand Brahmin (Kaul) Commandant
6. Amir Chand, Misr Brahmin Nazim
7. Amir Chand, Misr Brahmin Treasurer
8. Anokh Rai Vakil
9. Arjan Das Commandant
10. Bahadur Chand Adalati
11. Bahlu Ram, Pandit Brahmin Court Pandit
12. Basti Ram, Misr Brahmin Toshakhania
13. Beli Ram, Misr Brahmin Chief Toshakhania
14. Bhagat Ram, Bakshi Bakshi
15. Bhawani Das, Diwan Khatri Finance Minister
16. Bishan Das Nazim
17. Brij Lal, Pandit (father of Pandit
Madusudhan)
Brahmin Court Pandit
18. Chunni Lal, Diwan Brahmin Nazim
19. Dalpat Rai, Pandit Brahmin Court Pandit
20. Dault Rai, Diwan (son of Diwan
Lakhi Mal)
Khatri Kardar
21. Daya Ram, Pandit Brahmin Kardar
22. Devi Das, Diwan Khatri Keeper of Royal
Seal
23. Devi Dayal (son of Gurmukh
Rai)
Khatri (Chopra) Vakil
24. Devi Sahai, Diwan
(son of Radha Kishan, Diwan)
Commandant
25. Dewani Mal Khatri Trusted confident
26. Dhannu, Diwan Commandant
27. Dhanpat Rai, Diwan Brahmin Kardar
28. Dhunraj Khatri Colonel
29. Din Das, Diwan Commandant
30. Dina Nath, Diwan (Raja) Brahmin Finance Minister
31. Dip Chand Commandant
32. Ditta Mal Khatri Kardar
33. Diwan Chand, Misr Brahmin Commander-in-chief
34. Duni Chand Commandant
35. Ganga Bishan Khatri Nazim
36. Ganga Ram, Diwan Brahmin Paymaster Chief
37. Gangu Mal Commandant
38. Ganpat Rai Khatri Kardar
39. Gobind Jass, Rai Khatri Vakil
40. Gobind Sahai Khatri Vakil
41. Gulzari Mal Khatri Commandant
42. Gurmukh Rai
(brother of Diwan Sawan Mal)
Khatri (Chopra) Officer of Irregular
cavalry
43. Gyan Chand (son of Rallia
Ram)
Brahmin Head of the officer
of salt revenue
44. Hakim Rai, Diwan Khatri Nazim
45. Hakim Rai, Lala Physician
46. Har Kishan, Pandit Brahmin Commandant
47. Harcharan Das
(son of Rallia Ram)
Brahmin Assistant at
custom
Department
48. Harcharan Das Brahmin Commandant
49. Harcharan Das, Misr Adalati
50. Hari Ram (father of Shankar
Nath)
Munshi
51. Harsukh Rai Khatri (Kapur) General
52. Haryar Brahmin Commandant
53. Hukam Chand, Diwan (son of
Diwan Bhawani Das)
Khatri Daftari, Kardar
54. Jalla, Pandit Brahmin Tutor and
Chief Adviser of
Hira Singh
55. Jamait Rai Munshi
56. Jamna Das Commandant
57. Jassa Mal, Misr Brahmin Thoshakhania
58. Jawahar Qanungo
59. Jawahar Lal, Lala Munshi
60. Jawahar Mal, Diwan Farmer/Ijaradar
61. Jawala Sahai Khatri (Nanda) Revenue Officer
62. Jawaya Ram Collector of Duties
63. Jetha Mal, Diwan Nazim
64. Jiwan Mal Commandant
65. Jodha Ram, Misr, Diwan
(father-in-law of Pandit Jalla)
Brahmin Commandant
66. Kahan Chand Munshi
67. Kahan Chand Brahmin Commandant
68. Kanhiya Lal
(father of Rattan Chand
Duggal)
Khatri Kardar
69. Karam Chand, Lala Munshi
70. Karam Narayin (son of Diwan
Sawan Mal)
Khatri (Chopra) Kardar
71. Khazana Mal Khatri Commandant
72. Kirpa Ram, Diwan Khatri (Kochhar) Nazim
73. Kishan Chand Commandant
74. Kishan Chand, Rai Khatri (Bhandari) Vakil
75. Kishan Dyal, Diwan Vakil
76. Lachhmi Munshi
77. Lakhi Mal, Diwan Khatri Kardar
78. Lal Chand Vakil
79. Lal Kaul, Pandit Brahmin Commandant
80. Madusudhan, Pandit Brahmin Incharge of
Dharmarth
81. Mangal Sen (son of Lala
Karam Chand)
Brahmin Commandant
82. Mathra Das Commandant
83. Maya Das Kardar
84. Megh Raj, Misr Brahmin Toshakhania
85. Mirza Mal Khatri Commandant
86. Mohan Lal Suri Vakil
87. Mohkam Chand, Diwan Khatri (Kochhar) Nazim
88. Moti Ram, Diwan Khatri (Kochhar) General
89. Mukand Chand Brahmin (Kapur) Commandant
90. Mullraj, Diwan (Dilwalia) Brahmin Nazim
91. Mulraj, Diwan
(son of Diwan Sawan Mal)
Khatri (Chopra) Nazim
92. Nanak Chand
(brother of Diwan Sawan Mal)
Khatri (Chopra) Revenue
Collector,
Munshi
93. Nand Gopal
(brother of Rattan Chand
Duggal)
Khatri Munshi
94. Narain Das Brahmin Revenue Collector
95. Narain Das, Lala (Brother of
Bhawani Das)
Khatri Kardar
96. Piara Mal Kardar
97. Radha Kishan (son of Pandit
Madusudhan)
Brahmin Tutor of Maharaja
Dalip Singh
98. Radha Kishan, Diwan Commandant
99. Rai Anand Singh Khatri (Bhandari) Vakil
100. Raj Kaur (brother of Bhawani
Das)
Khatri Kardar
101. Raj Narain Khatri Commandant
102. Raj Rup, Lala Nazim
103. Raja Ram, Misr Revenue Collector
104. Rallia Ram, Misr Brahmin Kardar, Chief of
Custom
105. Ram Chand
(grandson of Nanak Chand)
Khatri (Chopra) Incharge of Private/
Royal Seal
106. Ram Chand Kardar
107. Ram Das, Lala Munshi
108. Ram Dayal Munshi
109. Ram Dayal Bhandari (brother
of Rai Kishan Chand)
Khatri (Bhandari) Vakil
110. Ram Dayal, Diwan Khatri (Kochhar) Commandant
111. Ram Dayal, Lala Khatri, Bhandari Vakil
112. Ram Kishan, Misr Brahmin Chamberlain
(Deorhidar)
113. Rama Nand Revenue
Administrator
114. Rang Ram Khatri (Kapur) Commandant
115. Ranpat Rai Brahmin Revenue Collector
116. Rattan Chand Kardar
117. Rattan Chand Darhiwala Incharge Postal
118. Rattan Chand Duggal Khatri Munshi
119. Rup Chand Vakil
120. Rup Lal, Misr Brahmin Nazim
121. Sahib Dayal, Misr (Son of
Rallia Ram)
Brahmin Munshi
122. Sarab Dayal Munshi
123. Sardha Ram Munshi
124. Sawan Mal, Diwan Khatri (Chopra) Nazim
125. Sawan Mal, Misr (son of Misr
Rup Lal)
Brahmin Risaldar
(Cavalry)
126. Sehaj Ram, Lala Kardar
127. Sen Mal Khatri Commandant
128. Seva Ram, Lala Kardar
129. Shah Ram Munshi
130. Shambhu Mal Khatri Commandant
131. Shankar Das (son of Shiv
Dayal Duggal)
Khatri Financial
Administrator
132. Shankar Nath (son of Rallia
Ram)
Brahmin Worked in
Amritsar mint
133. Shankar Nath, Diwan Munshi
134. Sheo Parshad Worked in Topkhana
135. Shiam Das Adalati
136. Shiv Dayal Duggal Khatri Kardar
137. Shiv Dyal, Lala (son of Diwan
Moti Ram)
Khatri (Kochhar) Nazim
138. Sital Chand Munshi
139. Sohan Lal Suri, Lala Report Writer
140. Sujan Rai Munshi
141. Sukh Dayal, Misr Brahmin Commandant
142. Sukhdayal Khatri Nazim
143. Sukhraj, Misr Brahmin Commandant
144. Sunder Das Commandant
145. Sunder Das (Son of Misr Ram
Kishan), Misr
Brahmin Keeper of
Privy purse/
Royal Seal
146. Tara Chand, Diwan Brahmin General
147. Tara Chand, Diwan (Son of
Lala Karam Chand)
Brahmin Kardar
148. Tarlok Chand, Pandit Brahmin (Gaur) General
149. Tek Chand Nazim
150. Thakar Das (son of Misr Beli
Ram)
Brahmin Treasurer
151. Thakur Das Duggal (son of
Kanhiya Lal Duggal)
Khatri Kardar
152. Tulsidhar Nazim
APPENDIX-II
A SKETCH MAP OF MISR RALLIA RAM'S ILAKA
SELECTED GLOSSARY
Abwab : Cesses paid by the cultivators
Adalti : Judicial Officer
Ain : Law
Akal Sahai : 'May God help'. This expression was used by Ranjit Singh on his coins and official communications
Akali : A member of the Akali or Nihang, order of the
Sikhs, literally meaning an immortal
Akhbar : A newspaper or a dispatch of news
Amir : A title denoting a Muslim of High rank
Amil : A revenue collector
Azan : Muslim call for prayer
Bahadur : Brave, also a title of distinction
Bakhshi : A paymaster of troops
Banjar : The Barren or waste land
Bar : The upland wastelands between the two river
valleys
Batai : Division of land produce between the State and
the cultivator
Begar : A cess in lieu of unpaid labour or forced
Bhai : Literally a 'brother' and a title of sanctity and
respectability among the Sikhs
Bhangi : Addicted to taking bhang or hemp-an intoxicant,
also the name of a Sikh Misal
Bigha : A measure of land equal to 4 kanals and in
certain areas equal to 2 kanals. Its size varies
from region to region.
Chak : A village
Chakdar : The owner of a chak or well, as opposed to the
land attached to the well, acquiring certain rights
over the produce of the land irrigated from his
well
Chaudhari : The chief person of the village, usually rich and
distinguished for his sense of justice
Daftar : A register or a book, office
Daftari : A record keeper
Daftar-i-Mulla : The central office of royal Secretariat
Darbar : A court; an audience hall presided over by the
king or the premier or a person of note
Darogha : A superintendent head of any organisation
Dar-ul-Aman : The adobe of peace
Deohari : An entrance to a house or building
Derah : The camp
Dharamarth : Charity or for charitable purposes.
Diwan : The head of the finance department also a
minister, a steward
Doaba (doab) : A territory lying between two rivers and in the
Punjab particularly the one between the rivers
Satluj and Beas
Dogra : An inhabitant of 'Duggar Desh' situated in the
lower hills in Jammu, generally of Rajput origin
Doshala : A double shawl
Dussehra : An Indian festival celebrated in commemoration
of the victory of Lord Rama over the forces of
Ravana, by burning the effigy of the latter. It
generally falls in October.
Fakir : A mendicant : a religious-minded person devoted
to meditation
Farangi : An European
Farman : Royal command
Fateh Jang : Victor of battles
Fateh Nasib : of victorious destiny
Fateh-o-Nusrat
Nasib
: Destined victor
Fauj-i-khas : Special royal cops. Here it refers to French
Brigade
Ghazi : A Muhammadan crusader
Ghorcharhas : Literally horse-riders, cavalrymen who formed the
bulk of the irregular divisions in the Sikh army
Harhi (Rabi) : Summer harvest
Howdah : A litter; seat on an elephant
Hukka : An Indian pipe and its apparatus by which
tobacco is smoked through water
Hundi : Payment draft
Ijara : It was an arrangement in which a source of
income was placed in the charge of a person in
return for a fixed amount to be paid to the state
Ijaradar : One who holds the ijara or the farmer or the
contractor who is entrusted with the
responsibility of collecting the revenue of a
particular area of land or the local taxes in return
for the payment of a stipulated sum to the
Government
Ilaqa : A territory, an estimate, jurisdiction
Jagir : A field : land given by Government as a reward for
services or as a fee
Jagirdar : The holder of a jagir
Jama : The aggregate of revenue assessed
Jawar : The maize
Jehad : A crusade, a holy war
Jinsi : Mixed
Jurmana : Fine, penalty
Kankut : A method of assessment based on the appraisal of
the standing crops
Kanwar : A prince; generally denoting princes other than
the heir-apparent
Kardar : An officer in charge of the revenue and local
administration of a pargana or talluqa
Khalsa : The land held or administered directly by
government or the sovereign; the brother-hood of
the Sikhs, particularly those conforming to the
instructions of Guru Gobind Singh
Khanqah : A monastery
Kharwar : Literally an ass load signifying a measure of
weight as well as of land in Kashmir
Khatri : A member of the fighting caste of the Hindu
community according to the traditional duties
enjoined upon the four castes; the word is a
corruption of Sanskrit 'kshatriya'
Khazana-i-Amra : Main treasury
Khidmatgar : An attendant; a servant
Khillat : A robe of honour generally conferred by princes
on persons of rank or distinguished
Kiladar : Garrison – master
Kumedan : From commandant (in French)
Madad-i-ma'ash : Aid for subsistence
Maharaja : The great king, the king of kings, a ruler and a
sovereign prince
Mai : Mother : a respectable address to a woman
Majha : Literally the middle country, usually referring to
the territory of Lahore and Amritsar districts of
Punjab.
Malba : The public fund in a village for common village
expenses covering payments of various kinds
including perquisites of officials but not the land
revenue; also one of the habubat paid by the
tenant to the proprietor
Malik-i-adna : Literally, inferior proprietor, like Chakdar
Malik-i-ala : Literally a superior proprietor; he had a
recognized right over land and claim to certain
share in the produce, usually ranging from 1.5 to
10 percent
Malwa : Land of the Malwaeis or Malois
Maund : A unit of weight consisting of 40 sers.
Mauza : A village, an estate
Misal : A Sikh confederacy, also used for the territory or
troops of a Sikh Sardar; a file
Misaldar : Belonging to a Sikh Misal; holder of a portion of
the Misal
Misr : A name or a title given to Brahmins
Moharana : A cess charged for affixing the government seal
Mukhtar-i-Kar : An agent or a deputy
Mukhtiar : An agent, an accredited representative
Mulahiza shud : Examined or verified, inspected
Mumtaz-ud-
Daulah
: Eminent in the State
Munshi : A writer, a scribe, secretary, interpreter or
language-master; also title of respect for a literary
Muqadam : A village headman
Mutsaddi : An accountant, a clerk
Muwajib : Salaries, rewards or wages
Nanakshahi
(sikka)
: A Sikh rupee coin, a coin current in the Sikh
times of the value of sixteen annas
Nazar : An offering to a superior or a holy person
Nazarana : A tribute from a tributary or a dependant on
regular basis or on special occasions
Nazim : The governor of a province
Panch : Elected representative of the people
Panchayat : A village court of arbitration consisting of five or
more members. It was the lowest rung in the
hierarchy of judicial administration, here used for
the executive council of a Sikh regiment elected
by troops
Pandit : A learned Brahmin. Literary a wise or learned
man
Pargna : A tract of country consisting of generally fifty to
hundred villages
Pashmina : A kind of fine wool; woolen goods
Patta : A deed of lease, a document given to the revenue
payer
Patti : A part or a portion of a village, generally being the
sub division of a taraf; a share in a village
Patwari : A village accountant, a revenue official
Pir : A spiritual guide among the Muslims
Qanungo : A hereditary keeper of the revenue records at the
Pargna or the talluqa level
Rabi : The spring crop generally sown in October-
November and reaped in April-May
Rai : A title of respect bestowed by Sikh ruler of many
of their dignitaries; a Hindu Chief
Raja : A king, a prince a title of high rank
Raja-i-Rajgan : A ruler of rulers, a title
Sabt-i-Sarishta-i-
Hazur shud
: Registered in the privy office
Sahukar : A banker, a money-lender
Sa'ir : Custom duties or taxes other than the land
revenue
Samat : An era, Bikrami
Sanad : Royal ordinance, a deed or grant from a
competent authority
Sarai : A resting place for travellers
Sardar : A chief, a commander, a form of address for all
respectable Sikhs and Afghan chiefs
Sarkar : Government, king's court; a title by which
Maharaja Ranjit Singh was popularly addressed
by his people
Saropa : A dress from head to foot, a dress of honour
Sati : A wife who burns herself on the funeral pyre of
her dead husband
Sauni (kharif) : Autumn harvest
Shaikh : The head of a Muslim religious brotherhood or
fraternity
Shukrana : A present of thanks-giving
Sikh : A Sikh (Sanskrit shishya) means a disciple, a
learner, a follower of the Sikh religious order
founded by Guru Nanak
Singhara : The water chestnut, an edible water root
Siropa : Literally from head to foot; a dress of honour
Suba : A province, a division of a kingdom
Subedar : The governor of a province
Swar : A horsemen
Talluqa : An administrative unit of an area
Tappa : The sub division of the talluqa or the pargna,
containing a varying number of villages
Taraf : The primary division of a village
Thana : A garrison stationed usually in a newly conquered
territory
Tirni : Fodder tax from the Sikh jagirdars
Topkhana : Arsenal or magazine or Artillery
Toshakhana : A storeroom, a ward robe, chamber in which
objects of value or rare articles are kept
Toshakhania : An Officer incharge of toshakhana
Trak : A unit of weight in Kashmir, said to be equal to
about 4½ Lahore sers or 1/6th of a Kharwar
Vakil : An ambassador, agent, or representative
Wazarat : The office held by a Wazir or minister
Wazir : Lieutenant of a king, a counsellor of a state, a
minister
Zabti : A method of assessment based on measurement
and applied commonly to perishable and superior
crops
Zafar Jang : Winner of Battles
Zamindar : A land-lord, proprietor or an occupant of land
Zamzama : A famous cannon known as top Bhangian
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