astronomie diaporama

8/14/2019 astronomie diaporama

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AstronomiePE1 IUFM de Franche-ComtCentre local de Lons-le-Saunier

2007-2008

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Stellarium3


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Les mouvements

du Soleil

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Observation directeau cours dune journe

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Observation

indirecte :Gnomon, thodolite

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Observationsdirectes

au coursde lanne

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Dure des journes

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Gnomon

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Les formes

et les mouvementsde la Lune

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Le Soleil a rendezvous avec la Lune

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Observations

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Observations

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Observations

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La sphre cleste

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2


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Mouvement

synchrone

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toiles circumpolaires

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Des astres errants :

les plantes

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2


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Les toiles filantes2


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Les mtorites2


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Les comtes2


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La voie lacte

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Sorienter et se

reprer sur TerreRationaliser les observations

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La Terre est ronde...

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3


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3


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Parallles et

latitudes3


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ratosthne et la mesuredu rayon terrestre

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h l


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ratosthne et la mesuredu rayon terrestre

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Ladfinition

du mtreLe priple deDelambre

et Mchain1792-1793

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Aimants, champ

magntique etboussoles

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Les aimants

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Les aimants

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M d l T


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Magntisme de la Terre

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Les boussoles

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Les boussoles

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Le systme solaire5


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Un systme

complexe5


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RESOLUTIONSResolution 5A is the principal definition for the IAU usage of "planet" and related terms.

Resolution 6A creates for IAU usage a new class of objects, for which Pluto is the prototype. The IAU will set up a process to name these objects.

IAU Resolution: Definition of a Planet in the Solar SystemContemporary observations are changing our understanding of planetary systems, and it is important that our nomenclature for objects reflect our current understanding. Thisapplies, in particular, to the designation "planets". The word "planet" originally described "wanderers" that were known only as moving lights in the sky. Recent discoveries leadus to create a new definition, which we can make using currently available scientific information.

RESOLUTION 5AThe IAU therefore resolves that "planets" and other bodies in our Solar System, except satellites, be defined into three distinct categories in the following way:

(1) A "planet"1 is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostaticequilibrium (nearly round) shape, and (c) has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit.

(2) A "dwarf planet" is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostaticequilibrium (nearly round) shape2 , (c) has not cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit, and (d) is not a satellite.

(3) All other objects3 except satellites orbiting the Sun shall be referred to collectively as "Small Solar-System Bodies".

1 The eight "planets" are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.2 An IAU process will be established to assign borderline objects into either dwarf planet and other categories.3 These currently include most of the Solar System asteroids, most Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs), comets, and other small bodies.

IAU Resolution: Pluto

RESOLUTION 6AThe IAU further resolves:

Pluto is a "dwarf planet" by the above definition and is recognized as the prototype of a new category of trans-Neptunian objects.5

As i ts l t s ?


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Aspirants - plantes ?

5

Une grande famille


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Une grande famillequi sagrandit !

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Nouvelles dcouvertes


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Nouvelles dcouvertes...

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Le SoleilDistance moyenne de la Terre (1 ua) 149 597 870 kmCaractristiques orbitalesDistance du centre de la Voie lacte 2501015 km (8 700 pc)Priode galactique 226106 annesVitesse 217 km/sCaractristiques physiques

Diamtre moyen 1 392 000 kmVolume 1,411018 kmMasse (M ) 1,98911030 kgDensit moyenne 1 408 kg/m au centre 150 000 kg/mGravit la surface 273,95 m/sVitesse de libration 617,54 km/sTempratureau centre 14 MK la surface 5770 Kcouronne 5 MKLuminosit (L) 3,8261026 WRotationInclinaison de l'axe /cliptique 7,25/plan Galaxie 67,23Vitesse, latitude 0 7008,17 km/hPriode de rotation

latitude 0 24 dlatitude 30 28 dlatitude 60 30,5 dlatitude 75 31,5 dmoyenne 27,28 d

Composition de la photosphreHydrogne 73,46 %

Hlium 24,85 %Oxygne 00,77 %Carbone 00,29 %Fer 00,16 %Non 00,12 %Azote 00,09 %Silicium 00,07 %Magnsium 00,05 %Soufre 00,04 %

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Les plantes

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Lois de Kepler

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Les plantes telluriques6


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Les plantes

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Un noyau de glace et de roche...Comte Borelly - Mission Deep Space

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Faire une maquette


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Faire une maquettedu systme solaire

distance enkilomtres

dimension enmtres

Soleil 0 23,53

Mercure 0,98 0,08

Vnus 1,83 0,2

Terre 2,53 0,22

Mars 3,85 0,11

Jupiter 13,16 2,42

Saturne 24,16 2,04

Uranus 48,6 0,86

Neptune 76,14 0,84

Pluton 100 0,04

distance mtresdimensionmillimtres

Soleil 0 471

Mercure 20 2

Vnus 40 4

Terre 50 4

Mars 80 2

Jupiter 260 48

Saturne 480 41

Uranus 970 17

Neptune 1 520 17

Pluton 2 000 1

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L'Univers8


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La voie Lacte8


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Rotation de la Terre sur


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elle-mme

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Sens de rotation8


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Le systmeTerre - Lune - Soleil

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Les phases de laLune

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Rvolution de la Lune


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Les clipses

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Principes mcaniques


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Principes mcaniques

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Alignement


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OmbrePnombre

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Ombre

Pnombre1

clipse de Lune


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astronomie diaporama