Bec108 Lect 1

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LECTURE 1INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING

GEOLOGY

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DEFINITIONS1. Geology

2. Civil Engineering

3. Engineering geology

4. Geotecnic!l engineering". Roc# $ec!nic%

&. Soil $ec!nic%

'. Geologi%t

(. Civil engineer). Engineering geologi%t

1*.Geotecnic!l engineer

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GEOLOGYTe %cienti+ic %t,-y

o+ E!rt /ene+it%everyone el%e onti% 0l!net.

St,-y o+ origin%%tr,ct,reco$0o%ition !n-i%tory o+ te E!rt

togeter it te0roce%%e% ic!ve le- to it%0re%ent %t!te

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GEOLOGY

It is divided into two broad areas:

Physical geology – is the study ofthe earth materials such asminerals-rocks and the processes

operating within earth and on itssurface.Historical geology – examines theorigin and evolution of earth its

continent atmosphere and life.

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GEOLOGY

Co$0ri%e%1. Cry%t!llogr!0y

2. Geo$or0ology

3. Geoce$i%try

4. Geo0y%ic%

". !leontology

&. etrology

'. Se-i$entology(. Str!tigr!0y

). Str,ct,r!l geology

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GEOLOGY

Cry%t!llogr!0y

• Science o+!n!lyingcry%t!lline%tr,ct,re o+$!teri!l%.

Geo$or0ology

• St,-y o+ teorigin o+l!n-+or$%/!%e- on !c!,%e !n-e++ect

rel!tion%i0.

Geoce$i%try

• St,-y o+ tece$ic!lco$0onent% o+te E!rt5%cr,%t !n-$!ntle.

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GEOLOGY

Geo0y%ic%

• St,-y o+te 0y%ic%o+ E!rt5%cr,%t !n-

interior.

!leontology

• St,-y o++o%%il%re$!in% to-eter$inerel!tion%i0%

!$ong%e-i$ent!ryroc#%.

etrology

• St,-y !/o,troc#0etrogene%i%

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GEOLOGY

Se-i$entology

• St,-y o+%e-i$ent!ryroc#% !n-te0roce%%e% /yic teyere +or$e-.

Str!tigr!0y

• St,-y !/o,tco$0o%ition%e6,ence%0!ti!l-i%tri/,tioncl!%%i+ic!tion!n-correl!tiono+ te%tr!ti+ie-roc#%.

Str,ct,r!lGeology

• St,-y o+ roc#%tr,ct,re%+or$gene%i% !n-%0!ti!l-i%tri/,tion

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GEOLOGIST

Scienti%t o %t,-ie%E!rt5%

! 7!teri!l%! y%ic!l !n- ce$ic!lc!nge% 8occ,r on te%,r+!ce !n- in te

interior9! :i%tory !n- li+e +or$% o+te 0l!net

! Str,ct,re o+ ! %0eci+icregion o+ te E!rt5%cr,%t.

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ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

;-i%ci0lineo+

!00ly

ing

Tecni

6,e%

Geologic-!t!

rinci0le

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;re con%i-ere- !% 0ro+e%%ion!ly/ri- o+ geotecnic!lengineering !n- geology.

; 0er%on o or#% itengineer% to

! C!rry o,t -et!ile- geologic!l$!00ing /e+ore $!

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Re%0on%i/ilitie% o+ Engineeringgeologi%t in con%tr,ction

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=;>E UE?ERY@ODYAAA

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Engineering geologi%t

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Cont.

"o perform advanced level geologic studies or speciali#e byanaly#ing assessing and interpreting geological data specific toa discipline or subdiscipline gained through field studiesliterature research and resource extraction investigations.

$etermine a plan of action or strategy for a pro%ect and what

resources exist and are needed including those with expertisein certain disciplines or subdisciplines to complete and meetthe goals of a pro%ect.

)oordinate one or more ongoing geologic pro%ects frominception to completion either as stand-alone pro%ects or as

part of larger division-wide pro%ects.Initiate partnering dialogue and cooperation with other agencies

to obtain needed scientific specialty expertise for a pro%ect.

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Cont.'dminister and monitor expenditures against an

approved pro%ect budget* provide pro%ect budget andprogress reports.

$efine mapping or research ob%ectives in consultationwith pro%ect team members and higher level geologists.

)ompile analy#e and synthesi#e data databases orinventories* accurately make geological interpretationsand recommendations using +I( software in addition tospeciali#ed topical scientific software and techni&ues toprepare for example geologic maps assessments and

reports for publication

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Cont.$efine mapping or research ob%ectives in consultation

with pro%ect team members and higher levelgeologists.

,unction as a pro%ect team leader. (upervise and

provide training to internsgraduate students* givedirection to team members about task responsibilitiesand ensure that work is completed within pro%ectedtimeframes.

Perform geologic mapping or resource assessment

studies to ac&uire data needed to understand anddescribe oil and gas sedimentary basins or mineralresources and their geologic framework.

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GEOTEC:NIC;L ENGINEERING

I% ! %,/ -i%ci0line o+ civil engineering !n-re6,ire% ! #nole-ge o+

! Engineering l!%

! For$,l!%

! Con%tr,ction tecni6,e%

! Te 0er+or$!nce o+ civil engineering

or#% in+l,ence- /y e!rt $!teri!l%

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Geology

Geo0y%ic%

Soil$ec!nic%

Roc#$ec!nic%

Fo,n-!tionengineering

:y-rology !n-rel!te- %cience

Enco$0!%%e%

engineering!%0ect% o+

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ROC> 7EC:;NICS

Te %t,-y o+0y%ic!l

/e!vio,r o+roc#% incl,-ingcr,%ing /en-ing!n- %e!r%trengt te%ting

!n- !l%o teirel!%ticity intern!l!ngle o+ +riction-en%ity

0er$e!/ility !n-0oro%ity.

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ROC> 7EC:;NICS

In geology Te %t,-y o+ $ec!nic%o+ roc# %tr,ct,re% teir 0y%ic!l

0ro0ertie% !n- +orce% !cting on%tr!t!.

In civil engineering Te %t,-y o+roc#% !% r! $!teri!l% !n- teir/e!vior in t,nnel% 6,!rrie% !n-$ine% !n- te %t!/ility o+ /,il-ing%on roc# +o,n-!tion%.

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SOIL 7EC:;NICS It i% !00lie- to %oil% to -eter$ine teir

%,it!/ility +or /,il-ing% %ite% $ining etc !n-

to engineering 0ro/le$% -e!ling it te

%t!/ility o+ +o,n-!tion% -,e to $ec!nic!l !n-

ce$ic!l e!tering o+ roc#%.

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CI?IL ENGINEERING

Civil engineering incl,-ing

! l!nning! Ev!l,!tion

! F,rni%ing

! er%on!l 0ro0ertie%

! roce%%ing B !%%e$/ling

! ;lter!tion

! Re0!iring

! ro-,ction

! 7!n,+!ct,re

! Con%tr,ction in+r!%tr,ct,re o+ +!cilitie% B /,il-ing%

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CI?IL ENGINEER ; civil engineer i% ! 0er%on o

0r!ctice% civil engineering.;n engineer tr!ine- in te -e%ign

!n- con%tr,ction o+ 0,/lic or#%.

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=E ;RE NOT DONE YETLE;SEDON5T F;LL ;SLEEAAA

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FIELD OF EERTISE"PI) /0+I0//1I0+

+/2+I("+/"/)H0I)'2

/0+I0//13/12'PPI0+

'1/'( ,/4P/1"I(/

+roundwater

• ccurrence

• (tructural controls

• $irection of

movement

• 5athematicaltreatment ofwell systems

• $evelopmentsconcepts

• Hydrology

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FIELD OF EERTISE

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FIELD OF EERTISE

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+/2+I("+/"/)H0I)'2

/0+I0//13/12'PPI0+

'1/'( ,/4P/1"I(/

1ockmechanics

• 1ock mechanics

• $escription of rock

• 1ock structureperformance andconfiguration

• 1ock testing

• (tability analysis

• (tress distribution

• In-situ studies

• 1egional orlocal studies

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+/2+I("+/"/)H0I)'2

/0+I0//13/12'PPI0+

'1/'( ,/4P/1"I(/

/arth&uake • 2ocation of faults

• /valuation of activeand inactive faults

• Historic records orearth&uake

• 1esponse of soiland rock materialto seismic activity

• (eismic design ofstructures

• (eismicity

• (eismicconsiderations

• /arth&uakeresponsibility

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FIELD OF EERTISE

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FIELD OF EERTISETOIC ENGINEERING

GEOLOGISTGEOTEC:NIC;L

ENGINEER O?ERL;ING ;RE;S

OF EERTISE

Slo0e

%t!/ility• Inter0ret!tive

• Geologic!l!n!ly%e% !n-

geo$etric%

• S0!ti!lrel!tion%i0

• Engineering

!%0ect% o+%lo0e %t!/ility

!n!ly%i% !n-te%ting

• St!/ility !n!ly%e%

• Gr!-ing in$o,nt!ino,% terr!in

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FIELD OF EERTISE

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/nd of 2ecture 6

Documents

Bec108 Lect 1