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Concilier stabilité climatique et développement occidental : une chimère ? Jean-Marc Jancovici SUPAERO - 17 mars 2006 Petite philosophie de comptoir autour de la règle de trois et des prolongations tendancielles

Concilier stabilité climatique et développement occidental : une chimère ?

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Concilier stabilité climatique et développement occidental : une chimère ?. Petite philosophie de comptoir autour de la règle de trois et des prolongations tendancielles. SUPAERO - 17 mars 2006. Jean-Marc Jancovici. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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  • Concilier stabilit climatique et dveloppement occidental : une chimre ?Jean-Marc JancoviciSUPAERO - 17 mars 2006Petite philosophie de comptoir autour de la rgle de trois et des prolongations tendancielles

  • De Sapiens Industrialis : qualitativement pareil, quantitativement diffrent lnergie est utilise depuis 500.000 ans : la domestication du feu ; vent, traction animale et force de leau il y a des milliers dannes le climat a toujours vari, et variera toujours La crainte de lavenir est multimillnaire (Apocalypse, Malthus, Club de Rome) mais on a parfois eu raison : il fallait se soucier de lavenir en 1938, et les dinosaures pouvaient le faire il y a 67 millions dannes ! Ce qui a chang entre le pass et aujourdhui : les ordres de grandeur

  • Un premier changement dordre de grandeur : la populationvolution dmographique depuis le nolithique (dcouverte de lagriculture). Source : Muse de lHomme

  • Et aprs ? Un scnario nest pas une prvisionDe gauche droite et haut en bas : A2, A1 & B1, B2. Aucun scnario nenvisage une brusque diminution de la population, pourtant scientifiquement possible. Emission scenarios, IPCC, 2000???

  • La pression cumule est plus fonction de la moyenne sculaireTous les scnarii dmission envisagent une population moyenne au moins 2,5 fois suprieure ce que nous avons eu au 20 sicle. Jancovici, J phys IV, 2004

    Feuil1

    Average population during the 20st century in billion men3

    Average population during the 21st century for A1 and B1 scenarios7.8

    Average population during the 21st century for A2 scenarios10.9

    Average population during the 21st century for B2 scenarios8.9

    Feuil2

    Feuil3

  • Conso. dnergie hors biomasse en tep par habitantSources diversesCompilation de lauteurLa consommation dnergie commerciale de chaque terrien a t multiplie par 7 en un sicleUn deuxime changement dordre de grandeur : nergie par personne

  • Tous les occidentaux sont des esclavagistes !Equivalent esclave de chaque poste de consommation dnergie : chaque Franais dispose aujourdhui de lquivalent de 100 esclaves sa disposition en permanence. Vous avez dit modeste ?!?. Calcul de lauteur

  • Depuis que lhomme a dcouvert les combustibles fossiles, chaque nouvelle source dnergie est venue se surajouter aux autres et connat sa propre volution exponentielle. Un Amricain consomme 4 fois plus de charbon quun Chinois.Energie et hydrocarbures,cest presque mme pareil Consommation mondiale en Mtep (millions de tonnes quivalent ptrole). Source Schilling & al + Observatoire nergie + AIE

  • Reconstitution approximative de lvolution du PIB mondial de 1900 2000 (le PIB date de laprs-guerre), en dollars de 1990 : la valeur conomique de la production humaine a t multiplie par 20 environ. Source : Maddison, 1995Un sicle de trs forte hausse du PIB.

  • Et cela avec un sicle et demi de dmatrialisation de lconomie !Jusqu maintenant, la circulation accrue des informations na pas empch laugmentation parallle des flux physiques (source : Source : Arnulf GRBLER, the Rise and Fall of Infrastructures, 1990) . Un employ du tertiaire de 2004 (un employ de banque, de la scu, dune mairie, un agent de France Telecom) consomme presque autant dnergie, pour son seul travail, quun Franais de 1960 pour tous ses usages.

  • Emissions de CO2 et croissance conomique sont bien corrles Les missions de CO2 provenant de combustibles fossiles ont t multiplies par plus de 4 depuis 1950, et surtout il est impossible de faire de la croissance conomique sans augmenter ces missions. AIE, 2004

  • Contenu en carbone par tonne quivalent-ptrole, selon la nature du combustible. Source PNUEToutes les nergies fossiles ne sont pas quivalentes...Mais toutes mettent du CO2

    Graph1

    651

    731

    830

    845

    856

    890

    1096

    1123

    1233

    GES par sources selon IFEN

    19901998volution 20 ansdiffrence% annuel moy

    Mnages, vhicules individuels17.120.431.711.32.23%

    Mnages, chauffage et autres24.925.928.62.70.49%

    Activits agricoles & sylvicoles4442.639.3-3.3-0.40%

    Industrie des biens intermdiaires30.325.717.0-8.7-2.04%

    Autres industries5.46.510.33.82.34%

    Construction1.61.92.91.02.17%

    Energie22.723.425.21.80.38%

    Services de transport7.48.713.04.32.04%

    Autres services marchands et administrs16.916.615.9-0.7-0.22%

    170.3171.7184.012.3

    1998

    Industrie des biens intermdiaires25.7

    Autres industries6.5

    GES par sources selon IFEN

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    1990

    1998

    CO2 lectricit

    000000000

    000000000

    Mnages, vhicules individuels

    Mnages, chauffage et autres

    Activits agricoles & sylvicoles

    Industrie des biens intermdiaires

    Autres industries

    Energie

    Construction

    Services de transport

    Autres services marchands et administrs

    rpart miss mond. par gaz

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    contribution additionnelle 20 ans

    contribution additionnelle 20 ans (Mt d'quivalent carbone)

    nergie & GES habitat

    0

    0

    co2 seul

    g CO2 par KWhg C par kWhMillions tonnes C supplmentaires en cas de substitution du nuclaire par ce combustible% des missions brutes franaises 1998

    CHARBON900245.4580.044%

    gaz430117.2737.921%

    nuclaire61.640.00%

    hydraulique41.09-0.2-0%

    bois1500409.09133.674%

    photovoltaque10027.278.45%

    olien102.730.40%

    TWh410

    TWh nuclaires328

    emissions brutes F180

    France (EDF)230.0229090909159

    Sude240.0237272727

    Autriche680.0681818182

    Belgique910.0913636364

    Finlande1090.1088181818

    Espagne1110.1112727273

    Japon1320.1317272727

    Portugal1430.1431818182

    Royaume-Uni1580.1581818182

    Luxembourg1610.1609090909

    Allemagne1640.1639090909

    USA1670.1671818182

    Pays-Bas1780.1778181818

    Italie1820.1819090909

    Irlande2140.2138181818

    Grce2360.2356363636

    Danemark2400.2402727273

    Combustiblekg d'quivalent carbone mis par tonne quivalent ptrole utilise

    Gaz naturel651651

    GPL731651

    Ptrole, essence830651

    Krosne845651

    Diesel, fioul domestique856651

    Fioul lourd890651

    Coke de ptrole1,096651

    Charbon (moyenne)1,123651

    Coke de lignite1,233651

    co2 seul

    dchets

    sols

    1

    23

    Mt equ. CPRG296

    CO2 fossile630016,30012 12.000

    CO2 dforestation150011,5005.700 11.900

    Mthane3106.27272727271,9454600 14000

    N2O10.528571428680.727272727385022.200

    HFC1,672

    PFC32

    SF638

    ozone1,945

    CO2 combustibles fossile6,300

    CO2 dforestation1,500

    mthane1,945

    850

    halocarbures1,742

    12,336

    CO2equivalent carbone

    Etats-Unis20.105.48

    Union Europenne8.472.31

    Russie9.642.63

    Chine2.30.63

    Asie sauf Chine et Japon1.130.31

    Japon8.922.43

    Amrique latine2.150.59

    Afrique0.960.26

    sols

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    par habitant

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    -ParisHLM petite couronnePavillon grande couronne

    type de logementNeufAncienNeufAncienNeufAncien

    chauffage3.826.743.365.934.5210.17

    autres consommations3.263.263.263.263.263.26

    Entretien/Rnovation (btiments et voirie)0.310.310.60.60.950.95

    dplacements3.273.2710.3910.3911.6611.66

    Total10.6613.5817.6120.1820.3926.04

    -Paris

    type de logementParis, NeufParis, AncienHLM petite couronne, NeufHLM petite couronne, AncienPavillon grande couronne, NeufPavillon grande couronne, Ancien

    logement (chauffage, eau chaude, etc)244340200275340560

    dplacements108108290290455455

    Total3524484905657951015

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    0000

    chauffage

    autres consommations

    Entretien/Rnovation (btiments et voirie)

    dplacements

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    logement (chauffage, eau chaude, etc)

    dplacements

    CO2 fossile6300

    production nergie220535%

    industrie189030%

    transports126020%

    chauffage94515%

    CO2 changement d'usage des sols1500

    production nergie220528%

    industrie189024%

    transports126016%

    chauffage94512%

    CO2 changement d'usage des sols150019%

    7800

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    poidscontenu en GES/kg (mix franais)

    434

    putrescibles28.80%125.00.1721.2

    papier16.20%70.30.749.2

    carton9.10%39.50.727.6

    plastiques11.10%48.20.838.5

    verre13.10%56.90.126.8

    mtaux4.10%17.8117.8

    incombustibles6.80%29.50.38.9

    combustibles divers3.20%13.90.56.9

    textiles2.60%11.3111.3

    textiles sanitaires3.10%13.5113.5

    complexes1.40%6.116.1

    spciaux0.50%2.2510.9

    218.7

    Tonnes de carbone par hectare% dans le sol

    BiomeVgtationsolstotal

    Forts tropicales120.4122.624350.50%

    Forts tempres56.896.215362.90%

    Forts borales64.2343.840884.30%

    Savanes tropicales29.2116.814680.00%

    Prairies tempres7.2235.824397.00%

    Dserts semi-dserts1.842.24496.00%

    Toundra6.3127.713495.30%

    Zones humides42.9643.168693.80%

    Terres de culture1.980.18297.70%

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    Vgtation

    sols

    1998 CO2 seulniveau quitable maximum1998

    Party

    USA5.60.5Australie77,107

    Allemagne30.5USA76,820

    Japon2.60.5Canada66,293

    Grande Bretagne2.40.5Irlande54,697

    Italie20.5Pays Bas44,104

    Russie0.5Finlande44,081

    France1.80.5Danemark43,918

    Suisse1.60.5Belgique43,887

    Mexique10.5Norvge33,480

    Chine0.80.5Allemagne33,392

    Inde0.40.5Grce33,229

    Bengladesh0.20.5Grande Bretagne33,137

    Npal0.050.5Russie33,000

    Pologne32,844

    Japon32,800

    Autriche32,738

    France32,596

    Italie32,564

    Espagne32,560

    Ukraine22,472

    Sude22,288

    Hongrie22,259

    Suisse22,063

    Portugal22,063

    Mexique (*)11,000

    Chine1900

    Inde (*)1500

    Bengladesh (*)0200

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    1998 CO2 seul

    niveau quitable maximum

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

  • Il ny a pas que le ptrole dans les missions de CO2 Source Agence Internationale de lnergie

    Graph2

    2637.6

    2991.32

    1355.25

    rpartition des missions mondiales de CO2 en 2000 par nergie

    srie longue

    charbon, Mtepptrole Mtepgaz Mtephydraulique et renouvelables, Mteplectricit nuclaire, Mteptotal, MtepCharbon, tonnes quivalent charbonptrole tonnes quivalent charbongaz, techydro & renouvelableselectricit nuclaire TWhconversion tec en tepconversion tec ptrole en tepconversion GWh en Mtep

    186081.400.0881.48134.10.10.60701277860.8339957020.222

    186186.010.3386.35141.70.4

    186285.650.4286.07141.10.5

    186392.210.4292.62151.90.5

    1864100.220.33100.55165.10.4

    1865106.110.42106.52174.80.5

    1866111.990.58112.58184.50.7teptecJouleKWh PCIkWh lectriquem3 de gaztonne bois

    1867120.010.58120.59197.70.7Tonne quivalent ptrole ou tep11.6542,000,000,00011,600449410756.80

    1868118.910.58119.50195.90.7Tonne quivalent charbon0.6070127786125,494,536,700704127286534.13

    1869123.280.67123.95203.10.8Joule03.92E-1112.78E-071.076E-072.6E-081.62E-10

    1870125.960.83126.79207.51kwh PCI0.00008620690.00014201833,600,00010.3870.0930.000586

    1871140.710.83141.54231.81KWh electrique0.000220.00036243069,293,0232.581395348810.2390.00151

    1872152.791.00153.79251.71.2m3 de gaz0.000931.53E-0339,060,00010.84.1810.006

    1873102.591.58104.171691.9tonne bois0.1470.2426,174,000,0001705.26611581

    1874159.101.75160.85262.12.1

    1875163.951.92165.87270.12.3

    1876165.961.58167.54273.41.9

    1877169.362.34171.692792.8

    1878169.602.67172.27279.43.2DEENteptecJouleKWh PCIkWh lectriquem3 de gaztonne bois

    1879178.773.42182.18294.54.1Tonne quivalent ptrole ou tep0000000

    1880195.154.42199.57321.55.3Tonne quivalent charbon0000000

    1881209.914.67214.58345.85.6Joule0000000

    1882225.265.25230.52371.16.3kwh PCI0000000

    1883240.924.42245.34396.95.3KWh electrique0000000

    1884242.085.25247.33398.86.3m3 de gaz0000000

    1885236.865.341.79243.98390.26.42.95tonne bois0000000

    1886237.586.922.43246.94391.48.34

    1887253.977.013.34264.32418.48.45.5

    1888274.497.594.25286.33452.29.17

    1889279.049.014.86292.91459.710.88

    1890295.8611.185.01312.04487.413.48.25

    1891308.0611.844.86324.76507.514.28

    1892311.0313.014.55328.60512.415.67.5

    1893304.4813.433.95321.85501.616.16.5

    1894318.2013.093.34334.63524.215.75.5

    1895335.3715.183.21353.76552.518.25.29

    1896345.3916.683.64365.71569206

    1897361.7217.854.25383.82595.921.47

    1898381.2618.264.86404.39628.121.98

    1899417.6919.185.46442.33688.1239

    1900439.6621.775.514.61471.55724.326.19.077.6

    1901450.8924.447.365.77488.45742.829.312.129.5

    1902460.4826.606.536.37499.99758.631.910.7610.5

    1903505.8228.526.938.07549.35833.334.211.4113.3

    1904509.4731.867.219.35557.88839.338.211.8815.4

    1905537.9331.448.1310.74588.25886.237.713.39217.7

    1906580.7331.198.9812.50633.41956.737.414.820.6

    1907641.2538.619.4414.99704.291056.446.315.5524.7

    1908608.7141.709.3315.24674.981002.85015.3725.1

    1909634.8743.6211.1717.24706.901045.952.318.428.4

    1910663.1047.8711.8018.94741.711092.457.419.4431.2

    1911676.2150.2911.9120.52758.93111460.319.6233.8

    1912713.1851.5413.0022.82800.551174.961.821.4237.6

    1913764.1156.2913.6225.74859.761258.867.522.4342.4

    1914683.4459.5513.9224.46781.361125.971.422.9340.3

    1915673.9763.1314.8425.07777.011110.375.724.4541.3

    1916725.7466.8917.8828.29838.791195.680.229.4546.6

    1917764.7173.4819.1031.26888.551259.888.131.4651.5

    1918753.6773.5617.5232.11876.861241.688.228.8752.9

    1919657.9481.2318.1829.87787.221083.997.429.9549.2

    1920755.00100.6619.7335.33910.721243.8120.732.558.2

    1921636.45111.9216.5131.81796.691048.5134.227.252.4

    1922677.61125.5218.9434.96857.031116.3150.531.257.6

    1923765.93148.4524.7741.34980.481261.817840.868.1

    1924755.55148.2828.0442.01973.881244.7177.846.269.2

    1925756.88156.0429.2639.46981.641246.9187.148.265

    1926752.21160.2932.1744.92989.591239.2192.25374

    1927796.64184.5635.3939.881,056.481312.4221.358.365.7

    1928867.79193.6538.4238.551,138.411429.6232.263.363.5

    1929851.09217.1747.3553.171,168.791402.1260.47887.6

    1930778.25206.3347.8951.411,083.891282.1247.478.984.7

    1931687.02200.7442.1348.68978.571131.8240.769.480.2

    1932612.17191.4939.0349.41892.101008.5229.664.381.4

    1933640.28210.5839.1550.93940.941054.8252.564.583.9

    1934701.04222.3444.8052.811,020.991154.9266.673.887

    1935724.35241.8648.2058.031,072.431193.329079.495.6

    1936793.73261.7959.0663.551,178.141307.6313.997.3104.7

    1937834.58298.0765.6871.991,270.321374.9357.4108.2118.6

    1938783.23290.5663.1972.721,209.701290.3348.4104.1119.8

    1939845.14304.9168.1777.271,295.491392.3365.6112.3127.3

    1940921.75314.2570.2377.581,383.811518.5376.8115.7127.8

    1941963.39324.5975.0982.861,445.931587.1389.2123.7136.5

    1942977.72305.9179.0985.101,447.821610.7366.8130.3140.2

    1943995.20329.8588.0294.691,507.751639.5395.5145156

    1944965.64378.8895.2485.161,524.921590.8454.3156.9140.3

    1945743.23379.22102.5282.741,307.701224.4454.7168.9136.3

    1946785.66401.24106.5988.081,381.561294.3481.1175.6145.1

    1947883.99441.68118.6792.751,537.101456.3529.6195.5152.8

    1948911.55501.82133.2497.431,644.031501.7601.7219.5160.5

    1949865.18497.56142.1094.821,599.651425.3596.6234.1156.2

    1950945.97530.42165.71109.511,751.611558.4636273180.4

    1951992.77588.05192.97120.981,894.771635.5705.1317.9199.3

    1952992.59624.75206.26123.831,947.431635.2749.1339.8204

    1953993.07664.86219.01123.712,000.651636797.2360.8203.8

    1954991.13702.89231.88125.892,051.801632.8842.8382207.4

    19551,073.50790.46241.04134.452,239.461768.5947.8397.1221.5

    19561,134.20855.76260.04143.192,393.201868.51026.1428.4235.9

    19571,172.08891.54281.71149.262,494.601930.91069464.1245.9

    19581,225.98947.84306.36159.832,640.012019.71136.5504.7263.3

    19591,272.361,019.06343.81165.352,800.582096.11221.9566.4272.4

    19601,327.481,101.88375.13175.792,980.282186.91321.2618289.6

    19611,309.451,169.51403.72181.383,064.062157.21402.3665.1298.8

    19621,383.321,265.25442.33188.233,279.142278.91517.1728.7310.1

    19631,471.761,377.43481.30192.793,523.282424.61651.6792.9317.6

    19641,526.091,487.43524.34202.073,739.932514.11783.5863.8332.9

    19651,440.991,602.02561.73217.013,821.752373.91920.9925.4357.5

    19661,549.041,730.87612.90236.014,128.822551.92075.41009.7388.8

    19671,562.091,849.97657.70236.434,306.192573.42218.21083.5389.5

    19681,384.602,013.43717.55248.694,364.2722812414.21182.1409.780

    19691,433.702,177.65785.90266.844,664.092361.92611.11294.7439.6

    19701,473.342,380.06860.02274.6117.765,005.792427.22853.81416.8452.4

    19711,448.942,526.42918.53291.730.005,185.6223873029.31513.2480.6200.7

    19721,497.442,651.86961.33314.070.005,424.692466.93179.71583.7517.4250

    19731,516.802,857.77983.30330.0344.565,732.462498.83426.61619.9543.7

    19741,550.862,833.00999.20354.2555.505,792.812554.93396.91646.1583.6

    19751,590.582,907.931,038.68364.6366.895,968.71

    19761,631.322,984.841,079.71375.3280.626,151.81

    19771,673.103,063.791,122.37386.3297.176,342.74635.8

    19781,715.953,144.821,166.71397.64117.116,542.23

    19791,759.903,228.001,212.80409.29141.156,751.131.1347919628

    19801,805.463,171.051,222.62421.28162.126,782.52

    19811,852.213,115.101,232.51433.62186.206,819.64

    19821,900.163,060.141,242.49446.33213.876,862.98

    19831,949.363,006.141,252.54459.41245.646,913.091459.7

    19841,999.822,953.101,262.68472.87282.146,970.62

    19852,051.602,901.001,272.90486.73324.057,036.28

    19862,077.002,957.741,345.22500.99345.137,226.08

    19872,102.723,015.581,421.65515.67367.587,423.20

    19882,128.763,074.561,502.43530.78391.497,628.012000.3

    19892,155.123,134.691,587.79546.33416.957,840.88

    19902,181.803,196.001,678.00562.34444.078,062.21

    19912,170.143,219.491,704.42578.82459.238,132.09

    19922,158.543,243.161,731.25595.78474.918,203.63

    19932,147.003,267.001,758.50613.24491.128,276.862318.2

    19942,159.003,270.001,750.60631.21507.898,318.70

    19952,204.903,324.001,810.40649.70514.648,503.64

    19962,234.133,378.201,862.26670.37543.178,688.14

    19972,263.763,433.291,915.61691.69573.288,877.63

    19982,293.773,489.281,970.49713.69605.069,072.28

    19992,324.183,546.172,026.93736.39638.609,272.29

    20002,355.003,604.002,085.00759.82674.009,477.82

    25%38%22%8%7%100%

    charbonptrolegazhydro & ENRnuclairetotaltotal fossilepopulation (milliers)

    18608100008181

    186510600001071075.51%taux de croiss.sur 50 ans3.43%

    187012610001271273.54%sur 100 ans3.05%

    187516420001661665.52%tep/habitant

    188019540002002003.77%1,468,9400.14

    188523752002442444.10%1,508,2400.16

    1890296115003123125.04%1,547,5400.20

    1895335153003543542.54%1,586,8400.22

    1900440226504724675.92%1,626,1400.29

    19055383181105885784.52%1,691,5300.35

    191066348121907427234.75%1,763,4600.42

    191567463152507777520.93%1,835,3850.42

    1920755101203509118753.23%1,907,3080.48

    1925757156293909829421.51%1,979,2310.50

    1930778206485101,0841,0322.00%2,051,1540.53

    1935724242485801,0721,014-0.21%2,123,0770.51

    1940922314707801,3841,3065.23%2,195,0000.63

    19457433791038301,3081,225-1.12%2,340,9950.56

    195094653016611001,7521,6426.02%2,486,9900.70

    19551,07479024113402,2392,1055.04%2,702,9740.83

    19601,3271,10237517602,9802,8045.88%2,961,8161.01

    19651,4411,60256221703,8223,6055.10%3,268,2551.17

    19701,4732,380860275185,0064,7135.55%3,622,2241.38

    19741,5512,833999354565,7935,3832.96%3,926,2981.48

    19791,7603,2281,2134091416,7516,2013.11%4,297,4141.57

    19852,0522,9011,2734873247,0366,2260.83%4,769,9821.48

    19902,1823,1961,6785624448,0627,0562.76%5,204,8671.55

    19952,2053,3241,8106505158,5047,3391%5,665,5241.50

    20002,3553,6042,0857606749,4788,0442%6,000,0001.58

    charbonptrolegazhydro & ENRnuclaire

    taux de croissance annuels moyens

    charbonptrolegazhydro & ENRnuclairetotaltotal fossile

    1970 20001.6%1.4%3.0%3.5%12.9%2.2%1.8%

    1900 19701.7%6.9%7.5%6.0%3.4%3.4%23.855

    1900 20001.7%5.2%6.1%5.2%3.0%2.9%

    1990 20000.8%1.2%2.2%3.1%4.3%1.6%1.3%

    rserves

    charbonptrolegaz

    t C par tep1.120.830.65

    2,637.602,991.321,355.25

    2,3553,6042,0857606741,00010,478

    charbonptrolegazhydro & ENRnuclairebois0

    srie longue

    81.40041360580.0833995702

    86.01371072290.3335982808

    85.64950305570.416997851

    92.20524106430.416997851

    100.21780974130.3335982808

    106.10583369340.416997851

    111.99385764550.5837969914

    120.00642632260.5837969914

    118.91380332120.5837969914

    123.28429532690.6671965616

    125.95515155260.833995702

    140.70556207170.833995702

    152.78511636521.0007948424

    102.58515957781.5845918337

    159.09804926231.7513909741

    163.95415149081.9181901145

    165.95729366011.5845918337

    169.35656522012.3351879655

    169.59937033152.6687862463

    178.76526328793.4193823781

    195.15460830924.4201772204

    209.90501882834.670375931

    225.26244212615.2541729224

    240.92337181314.4201772204

    242.07669609245.2541729224

    236.85638619675.33757249261.7906876968

    237.5848015316.92216432632.4280511143

    253.97414655237.00556389653.3385702821

    274.49117846787.58936088794.24908945

    279.04377430719.00715358124.8561022285

    295.858028273411.17554240635.0078554232

    308.058985122511.84273896794.8561022285

    311.033347737513.01033295064.5525958392

    304.47760972913.42733080163.9455830607

    318.196098524613.09373252083.3385702821

    335.37456015815.17872177573.2110975986

    345.390271004416.67991403933.6420766714

    361.718914747817.8475080224.24908945

    381.264726217718.2645058734.8561022285

    417.685492931719.18190114525.4631150071

    439.659355515821.76728782125.50560590164.6132971171

    450.889091919324.43607406757.35699487625.7666213964

    460.479893820626.60446289266.53145749746.3736341749

    505.823748379528.52265300726.92601580348.0732699549

    509.465825050931.8586358157.21131180949.3479967899

    537.934724365731.4416379648.129115130610.7441261806

    580.729125254631.19143925348.983789122812.5044632385

    641.248299277738.61400100099.439048706714.9932156306

    608.712414346641.69978509829.329786406615.236020742

    634.874665102843.617975212711.169035125617.2391629113

    663.100759306147.871353292711.800328415318.9387986913

    676.212235323250.289940828411.909590715520.5170319156

    713.179313537951.540934381313.002213716922.8236804741

    764.107685659656.294709882513.615296623225.7373418112

    683.435687388159.547293120213.918803012524.4626149762

    673.966288042563.133474638614.84146243625.0696277548

    725.744478054266.886455297517.876526328828.2867954812

    764.714698438273.47502134319.096622013731.2611580962

    753.667065868373.558420913217.524458917232.1109759862

    657.941150688381.231181371318.180032718129.8650287055

    755.0024939811100.66328122719.727915303435.3281437126

    636.4528983271111.922223203516.51074757731.8074695969

    677.6083647139125.516353145518.938798691334.9639360454

    765.9287239953148.451234949524.766121365541.3375702204

    755.5488054818148.284435809128.043990369842.0052842768

    756.8842335947156.040595837429.258015926939.4558306068

    752.2102351997160.293973917432.17167726444.9189456139

    796.6435705908184.563248844535.388844990439.8807395518

    867.7854682388193.653801995938.423908883338.545311439

    851.0926168282217.172480791347.346996728253.1743194024

    778.2510834002206.330536665847.893308228951.4139823446

    687.0170627817200.742765462642.126686832548.682424841

    612.1723871844191.485413170839.030921661849.4108401753

    640.277078832210.583914745839.152324217550.9283721217

    701.0390579665222.343254143544.797543058252.8101117353

    724.3483486635241.858753569448.196814618258.030421631

    793.7299092537261.791250846459.062343354563.5542379159

    834.5818692512298.070063881865.678782640971.991715538

    783.2285881845290.564102564163.190030248872.7201308723

    845.1438915982304.908828637968.16753503377.2727267115

    921.7489042533314.249580499970.231378480277.5762331008

    963.389980863324.591127204275.087480708782.8572442743

    977.7154824372305.909623480279.093765047285.103191555

    995.1974504599329.845300126688.016852892294.6939934564

    965.6359281437378.88424740295.240304957185.1638928329

    743.2264460769379.2178456828102.524458299982.7358417186

    785.6566392987401.2353322147106.591443916388.07755417

    883.9927094265441.6841237599118.670998209892.751552565

    911.5510895734501.8152138715133.239304895497.4255509599

    865.1753132909497.5618357915142.101691462494.8153960121

    945.9687141182530.4212664488165.7144885487109.5051052534

    992.7693993456588.0503694545192.9693623063120.9776467683

    992.5872955121624.7461803409206.2629421569123.8306068276

    993.0729057349664.8613736053219.0102105068123.7092042719

    991.1304648435702.8915776149231.8788814124125.8944502747

    1073.502098895790.4611263211241.0447743688134.4533304525

    1134.2033767516855.7629897848260.0442743379143.1943144639

    1172.0809741342891.541405399281.7146305327149.2644422495

    1225.9837088709947.8361152816306.3593493426159.8264645966

    1272.35948515341019.0593482293343.8120377801165.3502808815

    1327.47624544721101.8751214342375.1338971541175.7909006729

    1309.44796592381169.5121728635403.7241990246181.3754182357

    1383.32142107541265.2548794489442.3302117415188.2346626335

    1471.76318291251377.427301363481.3004321254192.7872584727

    1526.09082659421487.431334452524.3376381258202.0745539848

    1440.98763503921602.0223439018561.7296252855217.0070683376

    1549.0359096241730.8746798552612.9008025187236.0065683067

    1562.08668436321849.9692660956657.6983455769236.4314772517

    1384.59614791042013.4324236804717.5498055436248.6931353787

    1433.70348169642177.646177397785.8994444101266.8428174579

    1473.34141613682380.0569342636860.0157046731274.612581023517.76

    1448.93950243842526.4231799582918.5317365269291.73034137910

    1497.43982344592651.8561335335961.3261374159314.06841163030

    1516.80353108222857.7696723483983.3330.032847706644.5554

    1550.85694795982833999.2037347984354.252657571555.5

    1590.57806984132907.93011313451038.6783433498364.633052775266.8912152515

    1631.31654379112984.8420553741079.7124383862375.317616775780.6204446454

    1673.09842660673063.78824418371122.3676290835386.315262398997.167558855

    1715.95044246193144.82248342021166.7079585537397.6351636367117.1109206276

    1759.932281212.8409.2867632994141.1476

    1805.46375567083171.04612984521222.6158958899421.2797808926162.1177914894

    1852.20715554333115.0971368051232.5112375352433.6242207254186.2035083658

    1900.16074056913060.13529112681242.4866679365446.3303802555213.8676218642

    1949.35584240353006.14317587691252.5428352989459.4088586789245.6417716469

    1999.82460387782953.10368142041262.6803930734472.870565772282.1365826762

    2051.629011272.9486.726730992324.0534

    2077.00307638972957.73688400671345.2215640523500.9889128443345.1301401946

    2102.72069571663015.58341089761421.6521772262515.6690085242367.5777315429

    2128.75675267683074.56128273381502.4253007986530.7792638417391.4853355028

    2155.11519019063134.69262601891587.7876604698546.3322834362416.9479126781

    2181.831961678562.3410412915444.0666

    2170.13777376933219.49354430661704.4153175634578.8188915577459.2289635408

    2158.53788483843243.15978780721731.2464688586595.7795796919474.9090360652

    214732671758.5613.2372539234491.1244944078

    215932701750.6631.2064770564507.893618967

    2204.933241810.4649.702238618514.6404

    2234.13442374333378.20319672351862.2622708632670.3681038964543.1691305028

    2263.7564621323433.29026424581915.6102328106691.6913133586573.2793312206

    2293.7712544883489.27561550981970.4864462233713.6927759463605.0586698485

    2324.18400827463546.17389848522026.9346907031736.3940656775638.5996738786

    235536042085759.8174428009674

    charbon

    ptrole

    gaz

    hydro & ENR

    nuclaire

    cumuls

    charbon

    ptrole

    gaz

    hydro & ENR

    nuclaire

    rserves

    evolution

    evolution charbon

    rpartition des missions mondiales de CO2 en 2000 par nergie

    evolution petrole

    charbon cumul, Mtepptrole cumul Mtepgaz cumul Mtep

    186081.400.08

    1861167.410.42

    1862253.060.83

    1863345.271.25

    1864445.491.58

    1865551.592.00

    1866663.592.59

    1867783.593.17

    1868902.513.75

    18691,025.794.42

    18701,151.755.25

    18711,292.456.09

    18721,445.247.09

    18731,547.828.67

    18741,706.9210.42

    18751,870.8712.34

    18762,036.8313.93

    18772,206.1916.26

    18782,375.7918.93

    18792,554.5522.35

    18802,749.7126.77

    18812,959.6131.44

    18823,184.8736.70

    18833,425.8041.12

    18843,667.8746.37

    18853,904.7351.711.79

    18864,142.3258.634.22

    18874,396.2965.647.56

    18884,670.7873.2211.81

    18894,949.8382.2316.66

    18905,245.6893.4121.67

    18915,553.74105.2526.53

    18925,864.78118.2631.08

    18936,169.25131.6935.02

    18946,487.45144.7838.36

    18956,822.82159.9641.57

    18967,168.21176.6445.22

    18977,529.93194.4949.47

    18987,911.20212.7554.32

    18998,328.88231.9359.78

    19008,768.54253.7065.29

    19019,219.43278.1472.65

    19029,679.91304.7479.18

    190310,185.74333.2686.10

    190410,695.20365.1293.32

    190511,233.14396.56101.45

    190611,813.86427.76110.43

    190712,455.11466.37119.87

    190813,063.83508.07129.20

    190913,698.70551.69140.37

    191014,361.80599.56152.17

    191115,038.01649.85164.08

    191215,751.19701.39177.08

    191316,515.30757.69190.69

    191417,198.74817.23204.61

    191517,872.70880.37219.45

    191618,598.45947.25237.33

    191719,363.161,020.73256.43

    191820,116.831,094.29273.95

    191920,774.771,175.52292.13

    192021,529.771,276.18311.86

    192122,166.221,388.10328.37

    192222,843.831,513.62347.31

    192323,609.761,662.07372.08

    192424,365.311,810.35400.12

    192525,122.201,966.40429.38

    192625,874.412,126.69461.55

    192726,671.052,311.25496.94

    192827,538.832,504.91535.36

    192928,389.932,722.08582.71

    193029,168.182,928.41630.60

    193129,855.203,129.15672.73

    193230,467.373,320.64711.76

    193331,107.643,531.22750.91

    193431,808.683,753.56795.71

    193532,533.033,995.42843.91

    193633,326.764,257.21902.97

    193734,161.344,555.28968.65

    193834,944.574,845.851,031.84

    193935,789.725,150.761,100.01

    194036,711.475,465.011,170.24

    194137,674.865,789.601,245.32

    194238,652.576,095.511,324.42

    194339,647.776,425.351,412.43

    194440,613.406,804.241,507.68

    194541,356.637,183.461,610.20

    194642,142.297,584.691,716.79

    194743,026.288,026.371,835.46

    194843,937.838,528.191,968.70

    194944,803.019,025.752,110.80

    195045,748.979,556.172,276.52

    195146,741.7410,144.222,469.49

    195247,734.3310,768.972,675.75

    195348,727.4011,433.832,894.76

    195449,718.5312,136.723,126.64

    195550,792.0412,927.183,367.68

    195651,926.2413,782.953,627.73

    195753,098.3214,674.493,909.44

    195854,324.3115,622.324,215.80

    195955,596.6616,641.384,559.61

    196056,924.1417,743.264,934.75

    196158,233.5918,912.775,338.47

    196259,616.9120,178.035,780.80

    196361,088.6721,555.456,262.10

    196462,614.7623,042.886,786.44

    196564,055.7524,644.917,348.17

    196665,604.7926,375.787,961.07

    196767,166.8728,225.758,618.77

    196868,551.4730,239.189,336.3219702000

    196969,985.1732,416.8310,122.22initial357357

    197071,458.5234,796.8910,982.23already consumed35128

    197172,907.4637,323.3111,900.77proven72140

    197274,404.8939,975.1712,862.09probable and possible25089

    197375,921.7042,832.9413,845.39

    197477,472.5645,665.9414,844.60

    197579,063.1348,573.8715,883.27

    197680,694.4551,558.7116,962.99

    197782,367.5554,622.5018,085.35

    197884,083.5057,767.3219,252.06

    197985,843.4060,995.3220,464.86

    198087,648.8664,166.3621,687.48

    198189,501.0767,281.4622,919.99

    198291,401.2370,341.6024,162.48

    198393,350.5973,347.7425,415.02

    198495,350.4176,300.8426,677.70

    198597,402.0179,201.8427,950.60

    198699,479.0182,159.5829,295.82

    1987101,581.7385,175.1630,717.47

    1988103,710.4988,249.7232,219.90

    1989105,865.6191,384.4233,807.69

    1990108,047.4194,580.4235,485.69

    1991110,217.5497,799.9137,190.10

    1992112,376.08101,043.0738,921.35

    1993114,523.08104,310.0740,679.85

    1994116,682.08107,580.0742,430.45

    1995118,886.98110,904.0744,240.85

    1996121,121.12114,282.2746,103.11

    1997123,384.87117,715.5648,018.72

    1998125,678.64121,204.8449,989.21

    1999128,002.83124,751.0152,016.14

    2000130,357.83128,355.0154,101.14

    20 dernires annes

    42,708.9764,188.6532,413.66

    43,711.0355,638.1719,718.78

    emissions de CO2 cumules

    charbonptrolegaz

    t C par tep1.120.830.65

    cumuls 2000146,000.77106534.66152069735,165.74

    charbonptrolegaz

    18608100

    186555220

    18701,15250

    18751,871120

    18802,750270

    18853,905522

    18905,2469322

    18956,82316042

    19008,76925465

    190511,233397101

    191014,362600152

    191517,873880219

    192021,5301,276312

    192525,1221,966429

    193029,1682,928631

    193532,5333,995844

    194036,7115,4651,170

    194541,3577,1831,610

    195045,7499,5562,277

    195550,79212,9273,368

    196056,92417,7434,935

    196564,05624,6457,348

    197071,45934,79710,982

    197477,47345,66614,845

    197985,84360,99520,465

    198597,40279,20227,951

    1990108,04794,58035,486

    1995118,887110,90444,241

    2000130,358128,35554,101

    charbonptrolegaz

    taux de croissance annuels moyens

    charbonptrolegaz

    1970 20002.0%4.4%5.5%

    1900 19703.0%7.3%7.6%

    1900 20002.7%6.4%7.0%

    1990 20001.9%3.1%4.3%

    rserves

    charbon

    ptrole

    gaz

    evolution petrole

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    00000

    charbon

    ptrole

    gaz

    hydro & ENR

    nuclaire

    evolution gaz

    0.1358631296

    0.1617677865

    0.2016370666

    0.222936389

    0.2899784436

    0.3477618509

    0.4205999794

    0.4233503341

    0.4774907011

    0.4959697357

    0.5284288311

    0.5051320976

    0.6304355792

    0.5586105873

    0.7043090541

    0.8285175255

    1.0062327183

    1.1693538823

    1.3819649575

    1.4753880985

    1.570976025

    1.4751167051

    1.5489747656

    1.5009454798

    1.5796362405

    R sur P

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    en France

    already consumed

    proven

    probable and possible

    Rpartition des missions cumules de CO2 en 2000 par nergie

    Type d'nergieprouvsuppostotalcroissance 1970-2000annes de conso 2000En prolongeant la croissance 1970-2000ultime avec croissance identique 1970-2001

    Charbon et lignite610239030001.6%259102193

    Gaz1401502903.0%673553

    Ptrole conventionnel1401202601.4%392948

    Ptrole non conventionnel80120200

    Uranium 235150150300

    112029304050

    0.37%

    00

    00

    00

    00

    00

    prouv

    probable+possible

    Gtep

    Gtep en 20008.044

    1%2%3%

    annesconsommation annuelleconsommation cumuleconsommation annuelleconsommation cumule

    20001888888

    20012816817917

    20023825825926

    20034833934935

    20045841942944

    200569509511054

    200679599611063

    200789679701074

    200899769791084

    20091098510891195

    201011994109911106

    20111291031010911118

    20121391121011912129

    20131491211012912142

    20141591311114013154

    20151691401115013167

    201617101501116113180

    201718101591117214194

    201819101691118414208

    201920101791119515223

    202021101891220715238

    202122101991221915253

    202223102091223116269

    202324102191224316285

    202425102291325617302

    202526102401326817319

    202627112501328118337

    202728112611329518356

    202829112721330819375

    202930112831432220394

    203031112941433620414

    203132113051435021435

    203233113161436521456

    203334113271537922478

    203435113381539423501

    203536123501541023524

    203637123621642524548

    203738123731644125573

    203839123851645725598

    203940123971647326625

    204041124091749027652

    204142124211750728680

    204243124341752429708

    204344124461854230738

    204445134591856030768

    204546134721857831800

    204647134841959732832

    204748134971961633865

    204849135101963534899

    204950135242065535935

    205051135372067536971

    2051521355120695371,008

    2052531456421716391,047

    2053541457821737401,087

    2054551459221758411,127

    2055561460622780421,170

    2056571462022802431,213

    2057581463423825451,258

    2058591464923848461,304

    2059601566423871471,351

    2060611567824895491,400

    2061621569324919501,450

    2062631570825944521,502

    2063641572325969531,555

    2064651573926995551,610

    20656616754261,021571,667

    20666716770271,047581,725

    20676816786271,074601,785

    20686916802281,102621,847

    20697016818281,130641,911

    20707116834291,158661,976

    20717216851291,187682,044

    20727317867301,217702,113

    20737417884301,247722,185

    20747517901311,278742,259

    20757617918311,309762,335

    20767717936321,341782,413

    20777817953321,373812,494

    20787918971331,406832,577

    20798018989331,439862,663

    208081181,007341,473882,751

    208182181,025351,508912,842

    208283181,043351,543942,935

    208384191,062361,579963,031

    208485191,080371,616993,131

    208586191,099371,6531023,233

    208687191,118381,6911053,338

    208788191,138391,7291083,447

    208889201,157391,7691123,558

    208990201,177401,8091153,673

    209091201,197411,8491183,792

    209192201,217411,8911223,914

    209293201,237421,9331264,040

    209394201,258431,9761294,169

    209495211,278442,0201334,302

    209596211,299442,0641374,440

    209697211,320452,1091414,581

    209798211,342462,1561464,727

    209899221,363472,2021504,877

    2099100221,385482,2501555,032

    2100101221,407492,2991595,191

    2101102221,429502,3481645,355

    2102103221,452502,3991695,524

    2103104231,474512,4501745,698

    2104105231,497522,5021795,877

    2105106231,520532,5561856,062

    2106107231,544542,6101906,252

    2107108241,567552,6651966,448

    2108109241,591562,7212026,649

    2109110241,615572,7782086,857

    2110111241,639582,8362147,071

    2111112251,664592,8952207,291

    2112113251,689602,9552277,518

    2113114251,714613,0172347,752

    2114115251,739623,0792417,993

    2115116261,764643,1432488,241

    2116117261,790653,2072568,497

    2117118261,816663,2732638,760

    2118119261,842673,3402719,031

    2119120271,869683,4092799,310

    2120121271,896693,4782889,598

    2121122271,923713,5492969,894

    2122123271,950723,62130510,199

    2123124281,978733,69431410,513

    2124125282,006753,76932410,837

    2125126282,034763,84533311,170

    2126127282,062773,92234311,514

    2127128292,091794,00135411,868

    2128129292,120804,08136412,232

    2129130292,149824,16237512,607

    2130131302,179834,24538612,994

    2131132302,209854,33039813,392

    2132133302,239864,41641013,802

    2133134312,270884,50342214,224

    2134135312,301894,59243514,659

    2135136312,332914,68344815,107

    2136137312,363924,77646215,569

    2137138322,395944,87047516,044

    2138139322,427964,96549016,534

    2139140322,459975,06350417,038

    2140141332,492995,16251917,557

    2141142332,5251015,26353518,092

    2142143332,5581035,36655118,643

    2143144342,5921055,47056819,211

    2144145342,6261075,57758519,796

    2145146342,6611085,68560220,398

    2146147352,6951105,79662021,018

    2147148352,7301125,90863921,657

    2148149352,7661146,02365822,315

    2149150362,8021166,13967822,993

    2150151362,8381196,25869823,691

    2151152372,8741216,37871924,410

    2152153372,9111236,50174125,150

    2153154372,9481256,62676325,913

    2154155382,9861276,75378626,699

    2155156383,0241306,88380927,508

    2156157383,0621327,01583428,341

    2157158393,1011347,14985929,200

    2158159393,1401377,28688430,084

    2159160403,1801397,42591130,995

    2160161403,2201427,56793831,933

    2161162403,2601447,71196632,899

    2162163413,3011477,85899533,895

    2163164413,3421498,0071,02534,920

    2164165423,3831528,1591,05635,976

    2165166423,4251558,3141,08837,063

    2166167423,4681588,4721,12038,183

    2167168433,5111608,6321,15439,337

    2168169433,5541638,7961,18840,526

    2169170443,5971668,9621,22441,750

    2170171443,6421699,1311,26143,010

    2171172453,6861729,3041,29944,309

    2172173453,7311759,4791,33845,647

    2173174453,7761799,6581,37847,024

    2174175463,8221829,8401,41948,443

    2175176463,86918510,0251,46249,905

    2176177473,91618810,2131,50551,410

    2177178473,96319210,4051,55152,961

    2178179484,01119510,6001,59754,558

    2179180484,05919910,7991,64556,203

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    Consommation cumule depuis 2000

    Year

    Gtoe

    Cumulated energy consumption with 2% growth per year

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    Consommation cumule depuis 2000

    annes

    Gtep

    Consommation mondiale d'nergie avec 3% de croissance par an

    R/P

    rserves prouves510216.5605095541

    Gtep en 20002.355

    1.6%

    rappel cumulannesconsommation annuelleconsommation cumule

    22000122

    52001225

    72002327

    1020034310

    1220045312

    1520056315

    1820067318

    2020078320

    2320089323

    26200910326

    28201011328

    31201112331

    34201213334

    37201314337

    40201415340

    43201516343

    46201617346

    49201718349

    53201819353

    56201920356

    59202021359

    62202122362

    66202223366

    69202324369

    73202425373

    76202526476

    80202627480

    83202728483

    87202829487

    91202930491

    95203031495

    99203132499

    1032032334103

    1072033344107

    1112034354111

    1152035364115

    1192036374119

    1232037384123

    1282038394128

    1322039404132

    1362040414136

    1412041425141

    1462042435146

    1502043445150

    1552044455155

    1602045465160

    1652046475165

    1702047485170

    1752048495175

    1802049505180

    1852050515185

    1902051525190

    1962052535196

    2012053545201

    2072054556207

    2132055566213

    2182056576218

    2242057586224

    2302058596230

    2362059606236

    2422060616242

    2482061626248

    2552062636255

    2612063646261

    2682064657268

    2742065667274

    2812066677281

    2882067687288

    2952068697295

    3022069707302

    3092070717309

    3162071727316

    3232072737323

    3312073747331

    3392074758339

    3462075768346

    3542076778354

    3622077788362

    3702078798370

    3782079808378

    3872080818387

    3952081828395

    4042082839404

    4132083849413

    4222084859422

    4312085869431

    4402086879440

    4492087889449

    4592088899459

    46820899010468

    47820909110478

    48820919210488

    49820929310498

    50820939410508

    51920949510519

    52920959611529

    54020969711540

    55120979811551

    56220989911562

    573209910011573

    585210010111585

    596210110212596

    608210210312608

    620210310412620

    632210410512632

    644210510612644

    657210610713657

    670210710813670

    683210810913683

    696210911013696

    709211011113709

    723211111214723

    736211211314736

    750211311414750

    765211411514765

    779211511614779

    794211611715794

    809211711815809

    824211811915824

    839211912015839

    855212012116855

    871212112216871

    887212212316887

    903212312416903

    920212412517920

    937212512617937

    954212612717954

    971212712817971

    989212812918989

    1,0072129130181,007

    1,0252130131181,025

    1,0442131132191,044

    1,0632132133191,063

    1,0822133134191,082

    1,1012134135191,101

    1,1212135136201,121

    1,1412136137201,141

    1,1612137138201,161

    1,1822138139211,182

    1,2032139140211,203

    1,2242140141211,224

    1,2462141142221,246

    1,2682142143221,268

    1,2902143144221,290

    1,3132144145231,313

    1,3362145146231,336

    1,3602146147231,360

    1,3832147148241,383

    1,4082148149241,408

    1,4322149150251,432

    1,4572150151251,457

    1,4832151152251,483

    1,5082152153261,508

    1,5342153154261,534

    1,5612154155271,561

    1,5882155156271,588

    1,6152156157271,615

    1,6432157158281,643

    1,6722158159281,672

    1,7002159160291,700

    1,7292160161291,729

    1,7592161162301,759

    1,7892162163301,789

    1,8202163164311,820

    1,8512164165311,851

    1,8822165166321,882

    1,9142166167321,914

    1,9472167168331,947

    1,9802168169331,980

    2,0142169170342,014

    2,0482170171342,048

    2,0822171172352,082

    2,1182172173352,118

    2,1532173174362,153

    2,1902174175362,190

    2,2272175176372,227

    2,2642176177372,264

    2,3022177178382,302

    2,3412178179392,341

    2,3802179180392,380

    2,4202180181402,420

    2,4612181182412,461

    2,5022182183412,502

    2,5432183184422,543

    2,5862184185422,586

    2,6292185186432,629

    2,6732186187442,673

    2,7172187188452,717

    2,7632188189452,763

    2,8092189190462,809

    2,8552190191472,855

    2,9032191192472,903

    2,9512192193482,951

    3,0002193194493,000

    3,0492194195503,049

    3,1002195196503,100

    3,1512196197513,151

    3,2032197198523,203

    3,2562198199533,256

    3,3092199200543,309

    3,3642200201553,364

    3,4192201202553,419

    3,4762202203563,476

    3,5332203204573,533

    3,5912204205583,591

    3,6502205206593,650

    3,7102206207603,710

    3,7712207208613,771

    3,8322208209623,832

    3,8952209210633,895

    3,9592210211643,959

    4,0242211212654,024

    4,0902212213664,090

    4,1562213214674,156

    4,2242214215684,224

    4,2932215216694,293

    4,3632216217704,363

    4,4342217218714,434

    4,5072218219724,507

    4,5802219220734,580

    4,6552220221754,655

    4,7302221222764,730

    4,8072222223774,807

    4,8852223224784,885

    4,9652224225794,965

    5,0452225226815,045

    5,1272226227825,127

    5,2102227228835,210

    5,2952228229845,295

    5,3812229230865,381

    5,4682230231875,468

    5,5562231232895,556

    5,6462232233905,646

    5,7382233234915,738

    5,8312234235935,831

    5,9252235236945,925

    6,0212236237966,021

    6,1182237238976,118

    6,2172238239996,217

    6,31722392401006,317

    6,41922402411026,419

    6,52222412421046,522

    6,62822422431056,628

    6,73422432441076,734

    6,84322442451096,843

    6,95322452461106,953

    7,06522462471127,065

    7,17922472481147,179

    7,29422482491167,294

    7,41222492501177,412

    World ultimate reserves : 4000 Gtoe

    World proven resserves : 800 Gtoe

    consommation cumule

    annes

    Gtep

    consommation avec 1% de croissance par an

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

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    0

    0

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    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

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    0

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    0

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    0

    0

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    0

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    0

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    0

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    0

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    0

    0

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    0

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    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    Rserves mondiales prouves et supposes : 4000 Gtep

    rserves prouves165

    Gtep en 20003.604

    1.4%

    rappel cumulannesconsommation annuelleconsommation cumule

    42000144

    72001247

    1120023411

    1520034415

    1920045419

    2320056423

    2720067427

    3120078431

    3520089435

    39200910439

    43201011443

    47201112447

    52201213452

    56201314456

    60201415460

    65201516465

    70201617570

    74201718574

    79201819579

    84201920584

    88202021588

    93202122593

    98202223598

    1032023245103

    1082024255108

    1142025265114

    1192026275119

    1242027285124

    1292028295129

    1352029305135

    1402030316140

    1462031326146

    1522032336152

    1582033346158

    1632034356163

    1692035366169

    1752036376175

    1812037386181

    1882038396188

    1942039406194

    2002040416200

    2072041426207

    2132042437213

    2202043447220

    2272044457227

    2332045467233

    2402046477240

    2472047487247

    2542048497254

    2622049507262

    2692050517269

    2762051527276

    2842052538284

    2912053548291

    2992054558299

    3072055568307

    3152056578315

    3232057588323

    3312058598331

    3392059608339

    3482060618348

    3562061628356

    3652062639365

    3732063649373

    3822064659382

    3912065669391

    4002066679400

    4102067689410

    4192068699419

    4282069709428

    43820707110438

    44820717210448

    45820727310458

    46820737410468

    47820747510478

    48820757610488

    49920767710499

    50920777811509

    52020787911520

    53120798011531

    54220808111542

    55320818211553

    56520828311565

    57620838412576

    58820848512588

    60020858612600

    61220868712612

    62420878812624

    63620888912636

    64920899013649

    66120909113661

    67420919213674

    68720929313687

    70020939413700

    71420949513714

    72720959614727

    74120969714741

    75520979814755

    76920989914769

    784209910014784

    798210010115798

    813210110215813

    828210210315828

    843210310415843

    859210410515859

    874210510616874

    890210610716890

    906210710816906

    922210810916922

    939210911017939

    rserves prouves140

    Gtep en 20002.09

    3.0%

    rappel cumulannesconsommation annuelleconsommation cumule

    22000122

    42001224

    72002327

    92003429

    1120045211

    1420056214

    1620067316

    1920078319

    2220089322

    25200910325

    27201011327

    30201112330

    34201213334

    37201314337

    40201415340

    43201516343

    47201617347

    50201718450

    54201819454

    58201920458

    62202021462

    66202122466

    70202223470

    74202324474

    78202425478

    83202526483

    87202627587

    92202728592

    97202829597

    1022029305102

    1072030315107

    1132031325113

    1182032336118

    1242033346124

    1302034356130

    1362035366136

    1422036376142

    1482037386148

    1552038397155

    1622039407162

    1692040417169

    1762041427176

    1832042437183

    1912043448191

    1992044458199

    2072045468207

    2152046478215

    2242047489224

    2332048499233

    2422049509242

    2512050519251

    26120515210261

    27120525310271

    28120535410281

    29220545511292

    30320555611303

    31420565711314

    32520575812325

    33720585912337

    35020596012350

    36220606113362

    37520616213375

    38920626313389

    40220636414402

    41720646514417

    43120656615431

    44620666715446

    46220676816462

    47820686916478

    49420697016494

    51120707117511

    52920717217529

    54720727318547

    56520737419565

    58420747519584

    60420757620604

    consommation 2000 (Mtep)rserves en 2000 (Gtep)croissance annuelle moyenne de 1970 2000annes de consommation constanteannes de consommation en prolongeant la croissance

    Charbon23555101.60%21693

    Ptrole36041651.39%4534

    Gaz2,0851403%6737

    Total fossile80448151.80%10158

    196019731979198519901995199920002001

    combustibles solides43.627.831.924.219.214.814.614.211.9

    ptrole29.3121.3114.181.988.892.696.595.796.5

    gaz naturel2.413.32123.326.430.335.336.937.2

    electricit primaire3.67.716.761.683.499.3104.4109.2111.2

    ENRt9.59.59.310.512.112.412.512.712.2

    88.4179.6193201.5229.9249.4263.3268.7269

    dont non nergtique3.110.91211.712.415.417.217.416.6

    dont nergtique85.3168.7181189.8217.5234246.1251.3252.4

    population45.461

    par habitant1.884.142.202248573

  • Les nergies renouvelables : plus on les utilise, moins on en parleContribution des nergies renouvelables hors bois au bilan nergtique mondial, en Mtep. Source AIE, 2001

    Graph1

    1035.1389

    222.2232

    43.8018

    18.9585

    10.6048

    4.3258

    3.9081

    1.748

    0.0834

    0.0526

    biomasse solide

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Primary solid biomass (includes fuelwood)

    annektepMtep

    19991,035,1391,035.14

    19981,011,3931,011.39

    19971,000,5971,000.60

    1996990,774990.77

    1995971,433971.43

    1994959,192959.19

    1993950,122950.12

    1992948,620948.62

    1991859,874859.87

    1990847,303847.30

    1989838,738838.74

    1988811,653811.65

    1987798,461798.46

    1986784,749784.75

    1985764,579764.58

    1984752,068752.07

    1983730,824730.82

    1982711,508711.51

    1981695,823695.82

    1980683,519683.52

    1979664,967664.97

    1978652,010652.01

    1977640,773640.77

    1976629,235629.24

    1975618,093618.09

    1974605,765605.76

    1973591,878591.88

    1972580,444580.44

    1971569,979569.98

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Solid biomass is any plant matter used directly as a fuel or converted into other forms before combustion. Wood, vegetal waste including wood waste and crop waste used for energy, animal materials and wastes, sulphite lyes (also known as black liquor, th

    Charcoal is not included in this estimate. Wood used to produce charcoal is included, but charcoal is considered a secondary product.

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For Example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tonnes) of oil equivalent (toe). One toe is defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil.

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future. Energy usage is extremely variable from year to year due to short-term factors such as the weather and the economy that significantly impact any one year's

    hydroelectricit

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Hydroelectric

    ktep, quivalence finaleMtep

    2001225,910225.91BP stat

    2000234,422234.42idem

    1999222,223222.22IEA

    1998220,837220.84idem jusqu'en bas

    1997219,702219.70

    1996217,512217.51

    1995214,125214.13

    1994203,767203.77

    1993202,776202.78

    1992191,262191.26

    1991192,105192.10

    1990186,105186.10

    1989179,827179.83

    1988180,746180.75

    1987174,711174.71

    1986174,126174.13

    1985170,979170.98

    1984168,230168.23

    1983162,649162.65

    1982155,666155.67

    1981152,004152.00

    1980148,552148.55

    1979145,642145.64

    1978138,342138.34

    1977127,939127.94

    1976123,736123.74

    1975124,782124.78

    1974122,609122.61

    1973110,493110.49

    1972109,352109.35

    1971103,912103.91

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Hydroelectric includes the energy content of the electricity produced in hydro power plants. Hydro output excludes output from pumped storage.

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tonnes) of oil equivalent (toe). One toe is defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil.

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future. Energy usage is extremely variable from year to year due to short-term factors such as the weather and the economy that significantly impact any one year's

    gothermie

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Geothermal

    Monde entier

    ktepMtep

    199943,80243.80

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Geothermal includes energy generated using trapped underground heat and includes both energy used directly for heat and for electricity generation. Unless the actual efficiency of the electricity generation is known, the quantity of primary energy in the

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tonnes) of oil equivalent (toe). One toe is defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil.

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future. Energy usage is extremely variable from year to year due to short-term factors such as the weather and the economy that significantly impact any one year's

    olien

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Wind

    World

    ktepMtep

    19991,7481.75

    19981,3371.34

    19971,0221.02

    19968160.82

    19956560.66

    19945780.58

    19934690.47

    19923880.39

    19913200.32

    19902640.26

    19892340.23

    1988290.03

    1987170.02

    1986120.01

    198550.01

    198430.00

    198330.00

    198220.00

    198110.00

    198010.00

    197910.00

    197800.00

    marmoteur

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Tide, wave, ocean

    World

    ktepMtep

    199952.60.05

    199853.50.05

    199751.80.05

    199649.80.05

    199551.70.05

    199451.20.05

    199350.70.05

    199252.50.05

    1991530.05

    199051.30.05

    198950.20.05

    198850.60.05

    198751.90.05

    198653.20.05

    198553.80.05

    198452.50.05

    198351.90.05

    198251.50.05

    198148.30.05

    198042.60.04

    197942.70.04

    197840.40.04

    197739.10.04

    197637.70.04

    197544.50.04

    197451.30.05

    197348.10.05

    197247.40.05

    197143.10.04

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Tide, wave, ocean represents the amount of energy from wave and tidal motion that is captured and transformed into electrical power.

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For Example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tonnes) of oil equivalent (toe). One toe is defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil.

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future. Energy usage is extremely variable from year to year due to short-term factors such as the weather and the economy that significantly impact any one year's

    biocarburants

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Liquid biomass

    World,"

    ktepMtep

    199910,60510.60

    199810,41910.42

    199710,24610.25

    19969,9359.93

    199510,42610.43

    19949,8519.85

    19939,0879.09

    19926,4636.46

    19916,6166.62

    19906,4626.46

    19897,0197.02

    19886,5006.50

    19876,1926.19

    19866,1016.10

    19854,7604.76

    19843,9243.92

    19833,1863.19

    19822,2542.25

    19811,6261.63

    19801,7631.76

    19791,4661.47

    19781,0981.10

    19776350.64

    19763140.31

    19753400.34

    19743700.37

    19733800.38

    19724590.46

    19713830.38

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Energy from liquid biomass includes liquid derivatives from biomass used as a fuel. Ethanol is the main form of liquid biomass produced.

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For Example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tones) of oil equivalent (toe), defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil. To account

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future. Energy usage is extremely variable from year to year due to short-term factors such as the weather and the economy that significantly impact any one year's

    Biogaz

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Biogas

    WorldktepMtep

    19994,3264.33

    Footnotes

    No footnotes

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Biogases are gasses derived principally from the anaerobic fermentation of biomass and solid wastes which are combusted to produce heat and electrical power. Landfill gases and gases from sewage and animal waste facilities are included in this category.

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tonnes) of oil equivalent (toe). One toe is defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil.

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future. Energy usage is extremely variable from year to year due to short-term factors such as the weather and the economy that significantly impact any one year's

    dchets mnagers

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Municipal waste

    World

    ktepMtep

    199918,95918.96

    199818,56818.57

    199713,95413.95

    199613,62213.62

    199512,76412.76

    199411,88111.88

    199310,46610.47

    199210,24610.25

    19914,6214.62

    19904,7084.71

    19894,5034.50

    19883,0523.05

    19872,7532.75

    19862,6882.69

    19852,4942.49

    19842,2032.20

    19832,1062.11

    19821,9531.95

    19811,8301.83

    19801,6921.69

    19791,0601.06

    19781,0171.02

    19778110.81

    19767730.77

    19757060.71

    19745050.51

    19732310.23

    19722190.22

    19712320.23

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Municipal waste includes energy derived from waste collected for disposal by local authorities from residential, commercial, and public services sectors and are combusted to create heat and power. Hospital wastes are included in this category.

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For Example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tonnes) of oil equivalent (toe). One toe is defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil.

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future. Energy usage is extremely variable from year to year due to short-term factors such as the weather and the economy that significantly impact any one year's

    photovoltaque

    Searchable Database Results (in Thousand metric tons oil equivalent (ktoe))

    Energy and Resources -- Energy Consumption by Source: Solar from photovoltaics

    ktepMtep

    199983.40.08

    199884.80.08

    199782.60.08

    199681.30.08

    199574.50.07

    199474.30.07

    199380.20.08

    199266.40.07

    199168.60.07

    199058.40.06

    198943.10.04

    19880.80.00

    19871.20.00

    19861.50.00

    19851.50.00

    198410.00

    19830.30.00

    Source

    International Energy Agency (IEA), 2001. Energy Balances of OECD Countries (2001 Edition) and Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries (2001 Edition). Electronic database available online at: http://data.iea.org/ieastore/default.asp. Paris: Organization

    Technical Notes

    Definition:

    Energy consumption is the amount of energy consumed by each country in the year specified. It is important to note our definition of energy consumption means the total amount of primary energy consumed, including losses through transportation, friction, h

    Solar from photovoltaics includes solar energy converted by photovoltaic cells to electricity.

    Years Covered and Frequency of Update:

    Data cover the years 1960-1999 for countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Data for OECD non-members usually runs from 1971 to 1999, but coverage varies. For Example, data for many former Soviet Re

    The IEA updates the energy consumption data annually. Revisions of the extended time series often take place. Users looking to analyze emissions trends should therefore download the entire time series instead of adding the most recent data to those from

    Methodology:

    The energy consumption values presented here are calculated by the International Energy Agency (IEA) using an energy balance methodology based on the calorific content of energy commodities.

    All commodities are reported using a common unit: metric tons (tonnes) of oil equivalent (toe). One toe is defined as 10 Exp. 7 kilocalories, or 41.868 gigajoules. This amount of energy is equal to the amount of energy contained in a ton of crude oil.

    Energy statistics are expressed in terms of net calorific value and therefore may be slightly lower than statistics presented by other statistical compendia. The difference between the net and the gross calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat of

    The IEA has used the following conventions in accounting for primary energy such as nuclear, solar, geothermal, hydro, wind, etc.: 1) The first form of energy production with multiple practical uses is reported. This means that heat is the form reported f

    Data Reliability and Cautionary Notes:

    The energy balances data are primarily based on well-established and institutionalized accounting methodologies, and are therefore considered reliable.

    The data as received from the provider do not distinguish between no data and zero values. WRI has distinguished between the two where possible, but some values represented as zero should probably be indicated by an X and vice versa.

    Extreme caution should be exercised if considering using the data to extrapolate into the future.