LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"

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Drame Interactif

Nicolas Szilas

LINC, Paris 8

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Plan

Qu’est-ce qu’une histoire interactive?

Le « paradoxe »…

Le point de vue Drame Interactif

Les approches

Une approche!

La fin du paradoxe...

Le début d’une nouvelle écriture!

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Définition

histoire interactive

=

le lecteur modifie l’histoire

histoire vs récit

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Le « paradoxe »

Narration = suite d’événements arrangés par un auteur

Interaction = événements décidés par le lecteur

Qui fait quoi??

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Le drame interactif

Drame = le récepteur perçoit directement les événements de l’histoire

Exemples: théâtre, cinéma, drame radiophonique, BD, jeu vidéo

Drame interactif: le récepteur est un personnage (sur ordinateur...)

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Personnages intelligents– Jeux Vidéos (Creatures, B&W, Sims, etc.)– « Narrative characters » (Univ. Teesside)– Emergence...

(multi)linéarité générique– « Plot points » (CMU, Inesc)– Succession de scènes (B. Majerko, Facade)– Modèle de Propp (Darmstadt)

Simulation– Planification (Liquid Narrative, N. Sgouros)– Description structurale (U. Aalborg, IDtension)

Les approches

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Exemple: Creatures

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Exemple: Creatures

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Exemple: Les Sims

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Exemple: Les Sims

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Exemple: Univ. of Teesside

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Exemple: Univ. of Teesside

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Exemple: Inesc

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Exemple: Façade

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Exemple: Façade

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Exemple: Liquid Narrative Group

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Exemple: Liquid Narrative Group

Plan narratif

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Exemple: Liquid Narrative Group

Plan narratif

+ Modélisation du suspens

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Exemple: IDtension...

L ’approche:

Simuler le récit

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Analogie

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Modèle théorique

Discours

Histoire

Perception

Intention, système de valeurs

Personnages, buts, obstacles, actions,transformation, etc.

Cognitif,emotionnel

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ArchitectureActions Narratives

Joe vole les clefs à Marie Joe accepte de voler les clefs... Anne dissuade Joe de voler les

clefs à Marie

Michel informe Anne queJoe veut voler les clefs à Marie

etc.

Actionsnarratives:InformerInciterDissuaderAccepterRefuserRéaliserCondamnerFéliciter

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Architecture

Monde de l’histoire

LogiqueNarrative

Joe vole les clefs à Marie Joe accepte de voler les clefs... Anne dissuade Joe de voler les

clefs à Marie

Michel informe Anne queJoe veut voler les clefs à Marie

etc.

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Architecture

Monde de l’histoire

LogiqueNarrative

Effets narratifs

Cohérence éthiqueCohérence motivationellePertinenceComplexitéCaractérisationConflit

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Architecture

Monde de l’histoire

LogiqueNarrative

Modèleutilisateur

Séquenceurnarratif

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Architecture

Monde de l’histoire

LogiqueNarrative

Modèleutilisateur

Séquenceurnarratif

Théâtre

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Zoom sur le monde de l’histoirePersonnages

{-X}

Buts

{+Y}

Tâches

XObstacle

Valeurs

-1

0

attt

-1

0

ACTIONSDéciderInformerInciterDissuaderAccepterRefuserRéaliserCondamnerFéliciter

Y

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Cohérence éthiqueCohérence motivationnellePertinenceCharge cognitiveCaractérisationConflit

Réalisme

Suspense, surprise, spectacle…

Cognitifs

Emotions

Zoom sur le séquenceur

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Anna Bill Mme D Joe

{-X}

Témoinrétracté

Avoirargent

Objectifs

vacances {+Y}

Y

Tâches

XPas assez riche

-1

0

attt-1

0

Acheter témoin

Eliminer témoin

Loi

Non

vio

lenc

e

Aller à Bangkok

Voler la banque

Paul Mr D

Exemple 1

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Simulation: conditions initiales

Joe wishes to to change Mr D. ’s testimony

Anna and Bill know thatAnna knows Joe could buy Mr D.Bill knows Joe could kill Mr D.

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Simulation: Deux modes

Automatique

Interactif

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Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants

a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so!

Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witnessAnna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness

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Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants

a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so!

Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D.

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Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants

a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so!

Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D.

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Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants

a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so!

Anna dissuades him to do so!Anna dissuades him to do so!

Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D.Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D.

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Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants

a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so!

He proposes him some money for changing his testimony,but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough

He proposes him some money for changing his testimony,but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough

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Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants

a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so!

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Résultats en automatique (2/2)

Joe tells her he is trying to get money He tells Bill too about it Bill inform him that he could rob the bank Joe accepts. He tells Anna he wants to rob the bank Anna encourages him to do it He tells Bill about his intention two Bill encourages to do it He tells Sylvie about his intention Sylvie dissuades him to do so Joe robs the bank, and he is successful He pays Mr D. He obtains the withdrawal of testimony from MR D.

Joe tells Anna he wants to rob the bankJoe tells Anna he wants to rob the bank

Sylvie dissuades him to do itSylvie dissuades him to do it

Anna encourages him to do itAnna encourages him to do it

He obtains the withdrawal of testimony from MR D.He obtains the withdrawal of testimony from MR D.

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Résultats en automatique (2/2)

Joe tells her he is trying to get money He tells Bill too about it Bill inform him that he could rob the bank Joe accepts. He tells Anna he wants to rob the bank Anna encourages him to do it He tells Bill about his intention two Bill encourages to do it He tells Sylvie about his intention Sylvie dissuades him to do so Joe robs the bank, and he is successful He pays Mr D. He obtains the withdrawal of testimony from MR D.

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Résultats en interactif

Premier coup:Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the

witness Joe tells Bill he could buy Mr D. Joe tells Sylvie he could buy Mr D. Joe tells Mr D. he wishes to change Mr D.’s

testimony Joe tells Mrs D. he wishes to change Mr D.’s

testimony Joe accepts to buy Mr D. Joe refuses to buy Mr D.

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Résultats en interactif

Deuxième coup:Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D.

Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Bill he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Sylvie he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Mr D. he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Mrs D. he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Joe tells Mr D. he wishes to change Mr D.’s testimony Joe tells Mrs D. he wishes to change Mr D.’s testimony Joe accepts to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to kill Mr D.

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Commandantneutralisé

émeute

pas_assez_nombreux:nbre amis enfermés<2 nbre amis non enfermés <1

0

-0,5

-1

non_violence

enfermé: ~AVOIR(acteur,crochet);

Exemple 2

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Posséder

{+AVOIR(acteur, chose_convoitee)}

demander

voler

échanger

poignarder

0

-0,5

-1

non_violence

0

-0,5

-1

honnetete

refus_pas_amis:affinité(acteur,possesseur)<0.8

mauvais_orateur:competence(acteur,parler)<0.6

pas_de_couteau: ~AVOIR(acteur,couteau);

reaction_victime

refus_echange:affinité( acteur,possesseur)<0.5

S

Exemple 2

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Le « paradoxe »

Narration = suite d’événements arrangés par un auteur

Interaction = événements décidés par le lecteur

Discours

Histoire

Perception

Intention, système de valeurs

Personnages, buts, obstacles, actions,transformation

Cognitif,emotionnel

Anna Bill Mme D Joe

{-X}

Témoinrétracté

Avoirargent

Objectifs

vacances {+Y}

Y

Tâches

X Pas assez riche

-1 0

attt

-1 0

Acheter témoin

Eliminer témoin

Loi

Non

vio

lenc

e

Aller à Bangkok

Voler la banque

Paul Mr D

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Monde de l’histoire

LogiqueNarrative

Modèleutilisateur

Séquenceurnarratif

Théâtre

Ecrire avec IDtensionParamètres

Surface text

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Retour d’expérience

Monde del’histroire

Logique Narrative

Modèleutilisateur

Séquenceur narratif

Théâtre

Abstraction

Spatial vs temporel

Eclatement entre la structure et la forme

Raisonnement à partir de fragments d’histoires

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Linéarisation / délinéarisation

Representation abstraite de l’histoire

Fragments d’histoire

Expérience Interactive

papier crayon ordinateur

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ConclusionL’histoire interactive est possible

… mais challenge technique:

Agents (très) intelligents

Modélisation complète du récit

Problèmes d’interface

Challenge d’écriture

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Pour en savoir plus...

www.idtension.com

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LiensGénéral:

www.interactivestory.net/links.html

Jeu:

thesims.ea.com/

blackandwhite.ea.com/

Drame interactif

gaips.inesc.pt/teatrix/

www.quvu.net/interactivestory.net/ (Façade)

www.zgdv.de/zgdv/departments/z5/index_html_en

liquidnarrative.csc.ncsu.edu/

www.idtension.com