Ket noi RAN 3G

7/22/2019 Ket noi RAN 3G

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MC LC

Li ni u................................................................................................................................ 21 Chc nng cbn ca RNC v NodeB ......................................................................... 22 Cc gii php trin khai mng backhaul h thng 3G. ............................................... 3

2.1 Cu trc mng hin ti.............................................................................................. 42.2

Cng ngh truyn dn TDM...................................................................................... 5

2.3 Cc gii php trin khai mng backhaul: ................................................................. 5

2.3.1 Gii php 1: S dng cc ng E1 kt ni trc tip cho Iub ............................ 62.3.2 Gii php 2:Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS vi cc phn on E1........... 72.3.3 Gii php 3: Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS ATM..................................... 82.3.4 Gii php 4: Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS vi PSAX........................... 10

3 Gii php mobile backhaul ca cc hng.................................................................... 113.1 NSN ........................................................................................................................... 113.2 Huawei ...................................................................................................................... 143.3 ZTE ........................................................................................................................... 153.4 Ericsson .................................................................................................................... 15


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Li ni u

S mng truy nhpc trnh by trong hnh sau:

Hnh 0.1:Cu hnh mng truy nhp UTRAN

Mng truy nhp v tuyn trong h thng UMTS hon ton khc so vi mng2G. H thng 3G hotng tibng tn cao hn 2G v s dngcng ngh truy nhp

WCDMA so vi TDMA ca 2G. Cc phn t chnh trong mng truy nhp bao gm:

NodeB v RNC.

Ni dung bo co Nghin cu v xutphng n kt ni gia RNC vNodeBc b cc theo 5 phn sau:

Phn 1: Chc nng cbn ca RNC v NodeB

Phn 2: Cc gii php trin khai mng backhaul h thng 3G.Phn 3: Gii php mobile backhaul ca cc hng.

Phn 4: xut gii php trin khai mobile backhaul cho 2 cng ty.

1 Chc nng c bn ca RNC v NodeB

Mt RNS bao gm mt B iu khin Mng V tuyn (RNC) v mt hoc

nhiu Node B. Node B c ni vi RNC thng quagiao din Iub.

Giao din Iub l mt giao dinlogic v m, c 3GPP chun ha theo tiu

chun k thut 3GPP TS 25.4xx.

Giao din Iub l giao din quan trng nht trong s cc giao din ca h thng

mng UMTS. S d nh vy l do tt c cc lu lng thoi v s liu u c

truyn ti qua giao din ny, cho nn giao din ny tr thnh nhn t rng buc bc

nht i vi nh cung cp thit b, ng thi vic nh c giao din ny mang ngha

rt quan trng.


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- Chc nng ca NodeB:nhim v chnh ca trm gc l thu v nhn tn hiu(Rx v Tx), lc v khuych i tn hiu, iu ch v gii iu ch tn hiu vgiao tip vi RNC thng qua giao din Iub v kt ni vi UE thng qua giaodin Uu, s dng knh WCDMA. ng thi phn tny cng tham gia qunl ti nguyn v tuyn.Mt NodeB phc v 1 hoc nhiu cell. NodeB c thh trFDD hoc TDD.

- Chc nng ca RNC:shu v iu khin cc ti nguyn v tuyn trongvng ca mnh (cc nt B c ni vi n). RNC thc hin iu khin 1 hoc

nhiu NodeB. RNC l im truy nhp tt c cc dch v do UTRAN cung cpcho mng li CN. C 2 loi RNC: CRNC v SRNC.

o Controlling RNC:Trong trng hp c duy nht 1 Node B kt ni tiRNC th RNC dnh ring iu khin Node B v c coi lRNC iu khin. Vai tr ca CRNC l iu khin ti v tc nghn chonhng t bo n qun l. CRNC cng thc hin iu khin qun l v

phan m cho cc kt ni v tuyn thit lp trong cc tbo .Trong trng hp c hn 1 nodeB kt ni vi RNC th c chia lm 2

loi sau:

o Serving RNC: y l RNC kt ni cng lu lng v bo hiuRANAP vi mng li. SRNC cng kt ni bo hiu iu khin tinguyn v tuyn gia UE v UTRAN, x l s liu lp 2 (L2) t/tigiao din v tuyn Uu. SRNC ca Node B ny cng c th l CRNCca mt Node B khc. 1 UE kt ni ti UTRAN ch c 1 SRNC.

o Drift RNC: y l RNC bt k khc vi SRNC, iu khin cc c MS s dng. Khi cn, DRNC c th thc hin kt hp v phn

chia phn tp v m. DRNC khng thc hin x l ti lp 2 i vid liu t/ti giao din v tuyn m chnh tuyn s liu mt cchtrong sut gia cc giao din Iub v Iur. Mt UE c th khng c hocc mt hay nhiu DRNC.

Mc tip theo s phn tch cc gii php trin khai mng backhaul c th

cng truyn ti lu lng thoi v d liu cho c 2 mng 2G v 3G.

2 Cc gii php trin khai mng backhaul h thng 3G.

Trong l trnh pht trin, cc mng GPRS/EDGE v tip theo l UMTS c

trin khai trn nn mng GSM truyn thng nhm em li thm ti nguyn v tuyn

cung cp cc dch v d liu tc cao, v tng cht lng dch v thoi. Qu trnh

pht trin ny i hi dung lng mng truyn dn (backhaul) phi c m rng

truyn ti lu lng ln hn t trm gc (BS) n trung tm chuyn mch (MSC).


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Tuy nhin, h thng truyn dn ca UMTS da trn cng ngh truyn dn IP hoc

ATM, trong khi ca mng GSM truyn thng da trn cng ngh TDM. Vic xy

dng hai mng ring bit cho GSM v UMTS l khng hiu qu, c bit khi cc nh

khai thc di ng hy vng UMTS s dn thay th GSM, v nh vy mng truyn dn

GSM dn dn s b xo b.Vy yu cu t ra l cn phi nng cp mng TDM ca

GSM c th h tr ng thi cho c UMTS v GSM vi GPRS/EDGE.Mng truy nhp v tuyn (RAN) l mt phn ca mng di ng t bo, to cc

kt ni t thit b u cui ca ngi s dng n mng li thng qua giao din v

tuyn bng mt mng truyn dn thng c gi l mng backhaul di ng (xem

hnh ).

Hnh . Phn truyn dn backhaul trong cu trc mng di ng t boHng quan tm nht i vi hu ht cc mng GSM hin nay l pht trin tin

ti cu trc GSM/GPRS tch hp, v hiu qu u t mng backhaul l quan trng

nht.

2.1 Cu trc mng hin tiHin nay hu ht cc mng di ng vn s dng cu trc hnh sao cho mng

backhaul, trong mi BTS c ni thng ti BSC bng cc ng E1. Nh khai

thc thng thu cc ng truyn E1, E3 hoc STM-1. Chi ph thu ng truyn

ny chim mt phn rt ln trong tng chi ph vn hnh. Lu lng thoi v d liu

tng ng ngha vi dung lng mng truyn dn phi tng ln, v vy chi ph thu

knh truyn cng tng ln.

Khi mi ng E1 c dng cho mt BTS xc nh th mi b thu-pht TRX

(Transmitter-Receiver) ca BTS phi c n nh mt s knh xc nh trn mt

lung E1 cho. u im ca cu trc sao l d dng trin khai lp t v bo dng,

c bit trong thi gian u khi mng mi trin khai. Tuy nhin khi s lng thu bao


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tng, th chi ph m rng mng cao. a s cc mng di ng u c thit k v nh

c trn c s s liu trong trng hp xu nht, l gi cao im, khi nhu cu lu

lng mc cao nht. p ng yu cu v dung lng, cc TRX c n nh cho

mi BTS theo mc s dng trong gi cao im. nhng khu vc c mt cao

hn th cn trang b nhiu TRX hn cho mi trm BTS, v cn nhiu bng thng

truyn dn hn p ng nhu cu truyn dn lu lng . nhng khu vc khc,mt thp hn th cn phi m bo yu cu v vng ph, v cc nh khai thc phi

thm cc trm BTS cung cp vng ph cho tt c cc khu vc (ngoi , nng thn)

mc d mt s khu vc hiu qu s dng rt thp. iu ny dn ti tnh trng cc

knh lu lng ca mt h thnghim khi c s dng ti a, v dn n lng ph

ti nguyn mng.

2.2 Cng ngh truyn dn TDMMt vn khc cn c quan tm l hiu qu ca vic s dng cng ngh

chuyn mch TDM cho mng backhaul. Do ghp knh c nh ca cc kt ni TDM

cho mi v tt c cc knh trn giao din v tuyn m khng cn bit c mang thng

tin hay khng, nn knh phi c n nh trn giao din giao din Abis. Do cc

nh khai thc khng c cch no tn dng dung lng cn d tha nhng ng

truyn ri chiati cho cc ng truyn bn hn. Kt qu l nh khai thc vn phi

thu thm lung E1 cho nhng BTS nhng khu vc mt cao, trong khi bngthng backhaul ti nhng BTS nhng khu vc mt thp vn b lng ph.

R rng bc pht trin tip theo hng ti 3G l mng GSM/EDGE/UMTS

kt hp, trong mng GSM/EDGE s p ng yu cu v vng ph, trong khi mng

UMTS p ng yu cu v dch v thoi v dch v d liu tc cao cho nhng khu

vc ng dn c. Release 99, cng nh Release 4 v 5 UMTS u yu cu cng ngh

truyn dn l IP hoc ATM. Do , c mt cch la chn l xy dng mt mng

backhaul mi bn cnh mng backhaul TDM truyn thng. D nhin, la chn ny lkm hiu qu v tn nhiu chi ph u t ca cc nh cung cp dch v thng tin di

ng. Mt gii php tt hn l tch hp cc phn t mng backhaul 3G vo trong

mng backhaul 2G truyn thng, to ra mt mng backhaul 2G/3G thng nht v hiu

qu.

2.3 Cc gii php trin khai mng backhaul:Nhng nh khai thc di ng GSM khi c giyphp trin khai UMTS phi

quyt nh hng pht trin mng backhaul ca mnh. Vic la chn hng nng cp


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mng backhaul rt quan trng, v nu nh hng khng ng s nh hng trc tip

n hiu qu ca mng backhaul v iu ny s nh hng n doanh thu. C 4 gii

php c a ra v mi gii php u c u nhc im nht nh:

- S dng cc ng E1 kt ni trc tip cho Iub.- Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS vi cc phn on E1.- Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS ATM tiu chun.- Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS vi PSAX.

2.3.1 Gii php 1: S dng cc ng E1 kt ni trc tip cho Iub

y c th coi l cch lm n gin nht, nhng cng l gii php rt tn km.

Nhng dch v mi v hp dn ca UMTS s dn thay th cc dch v GSM, v lu

lng mng backhaul UMTS ngy mt tng, tng bc thay th mng backhaul

khng hiu qu v cn kit ti nguyn ca mng GSM. Tuy nhin, cch tip cn ny

yu cu nhiu dung lng giao tip trn RNC iu ny dn n nhng chi ph u t

khng hiu qu. Vi nhng ng kt nitrc tip bng E1, dung lng ca giao din

RNC bng tng dung lng ca cc giao din Nt B. Nu tnh ti ca mng thng

thng ti gi cao im l 40 % dung lng thit k ca trm gc (tnh trung bnh cho

cc m hnh lu lng ca cc trm gc khu thng mi, thnh ph, nng thn v

ng giao thng), th RNC c ti 60% dung lng giao din khng s dng trong

trng hp ny.


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u im:

- Khng nh hng n mng backhaul GSM hin ti.- D dng trin khai.Nhc im:

- Rt lng ph di thng- Khai t GSM; khng c doanh thu t nhng khch hng di chuyn . t

GSM sang UMTS dung lng d tha ca mng backhaul GSM khng

c ti s dng cho mng UMTS.

- Lng ph giao din RNC (thng thng khong 60%).2.3.2 Gii php 2:Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS vi cc phn on E1

Theo cch ny, chuyn mch ATM s s dng cho c lu lng GSM v UMTSqua cc phn on E1 t cc khu vc c lu lng thp. Nhng khu vc trm gc

UMTS v GSM c dung lng cao hn th s dng cc lung E1 ring r.


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u im:

- Nhng phn on ca cc lung E1 khng c s dng cho mng GSM sc s dng cho lu lng UMTS.

- Giao din ATM STM-1 trn RNC c th c s dng ti u dung lnggiao din RNC.

Nhc im:

- Khng p dng c cho nhng khu vc c mt cao, c cc trm gcGSM v UMTS c dung lng ln.

- Vi tc pht trin ca lu lng UMTS th dung lng ca cc phn onE1 tr ln khng hiu qu

-

Khng c li th ca ghp knh thng k2.3.3 Gii php 3: Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS ATM

Cng ngh truyn dn ATM m ra mt gii php tch hp cho cthoi v d

liu, m bo QoS.

Gii php ny cho php tt c lu lng ca GSM v UMTS u c truyn

thng qua mt mng backhaul ATM, trong lu lng GSM c truyn qua lp

AAL1 nh CES (Circuit Emulation Service)cn lu lng UMTS c truyn qua

AAL2.


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Lp thch ng ATM 2 (AAL2-ATM Adaptation Layer 2) c thit k tng

hiu qu khi truyn thoi nhy cm vi tr qua mng ATM. AAL2 c th chuyn

mch lm y cc t bo nhanh hn bng cch ghp nhiu knh thoi vo mt t

bo ATM. Cc dch v d liu nh FR (Frame Relay) c sp xp hiu qu vo Lp

thch ng ATM 5 (AAL5 - ATM Adaptation Layer 5), trong khi cc dch v d liu

v thoi chuyn mch knh TDM truyn thng c h tr bi AAL1 CES (CircuitEmulation Service).

u im:

- Cng mt mng backhaul ATM s dng cho c GSM v UMTS.- Mt mng backhaul duy nht s lm n gin ha mng qun l, ti u chi

ph vn hnh.

- Tn dng c u im ca ghp knh thng k cho lu lng ca UMTS.Nhc im:

- Cc knh GSM c truyn thng qua lp AAL1 nh CES, chim bngthng nhiu hn khong 13% so vi cc knh TDM, nn vic tng dung

lng cc ng knh thu ring l iu tt yu.

-

Khng th ghp knh thng k ATM cho lu lng UMTS v GSM dithng cho GSM c phn b c nh cho cc knh ATM CES.


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2.3.4 Gii php 4:Mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS vi PSAX

Nhng thit b truy nhp ATM, nh cng phng tin a dch v Lucent

PacketStar (PSAX) em n kh nng tp hp truy nhp cho mt s lng ln cc

lung E1 TDM, d dng cho cc kt ni ca giao din Abis, t cc BTS n cc BSC

v hn na l ti MSC. Khi cc Nt B v RNC c trin khai th giao din Iub v Iu

c th c cng ni ti cc thit b phi hp hp ATM. Cc cng a dch v PSAXc kh nng tn dng cc giao din TDM nh l mt lp vt l cho cc tuyn truyn

dn ATM (xem hnh 6). Vic s dng ATM qua cng giao din TDM to ra mt knh

vt l hi t, gip cho di thng s dng t hn tng di thng cn thit cho mi knh

ring r. Phng php ny cth c xem xt gim di thng cn thit cho tt c

cc giao din truy nhp nh Abis, A, Gb, Iub, Iu.

S dng cc c tnh nn thoi GSM trong PSAX, thoi GSM c truyn thng

qua AAL2. Thm AAL2 i vi dch v thoi UMTS v AAL5 i vi dch v d

liu GSM/UMTS, vic s dng PSAX trong mng backhaul kt hp GSM/UMTS cho

php tn dng u im ca ghp knh thng k, m bo tnh ti u cao nht cho di

thng truyn dn ca mng backhaul.

u im:


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- Mt mng bachhaul ATM duy nht cho c GSM v UMTS s lm n ginha mng qun l, ti u chi ph vn hnh

- Ghp knh thng k gia GSM v UMTS s tit kim ng k di thng.- Kh nng nn thoi GSM cng gp phn tit kim di thng- Gi quyt hiu quvn khai t GSM- Thun li cho tng lai truyn dn IP trong cu trc 3GPP Rel5

Kt lun v cc gii phptrin khai mng backhaul:

Cc nh khai thc dch v di ng hin nay ang c xu hng xy dng mng

UMTS v khn trng nng cp mng GSM hin ti ln GPRS v EDGEv vic bt

buc phi lm l ti u mng backhaul m bo dung lng cn thit p ng lu

lng thoi v d liu ngy cng tng.

Tt c cc gii php trn a ra nhm mc ch chuyn dn mng truyn dn

ca GSM sang UMTS, tn dng h tng hin c, trnh lng ph ti nguyn v gim chi

ph u t cho cc nh khai thc dch v di ng.

Mi gii php trin khai u c nhng u nhc im nht nh. V vy ty

thuc vo mc tiu trin khai mng, tng nh khai thc c th la chn gii php ti

u nht cho mnh vi tiu ch c th tn dng ti a h tng mng hin c, ng thi

phi c kh nng pht trin thu bao vi kh nng cung cp cc loi hnh dch v tin

tin p ng nhu cu khch hng.

3 Gii php mobile backhaul ca cc hng

3.1 NSNLa chn 1:

MWR

RNC

NB

NBNB

BTS BTS

BSC

hiD31xxhiD31xx

E1

E1


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- S dng cc b phi hp ATM hiD31xx - c kh nng tn dng cc giaodin TDM nh l mt lp vt l cho cc tuyn truyn dn ATM (ging gii

php 4 trn).

- Sau lu lng ti cc nt phi hp trn c u vng ring vi nhau m bo tnh an ton thng tin.

- Mng backhaul vn da trn nn tng vi ba PDH/SDH v NG-SDH:o Lu lng 2G da trn TDM.o Lu lng 3G da trn ATM.

- Gii quyt c vn tht c chai ti giao din Abis khi s trm gc phttrin nhanh.

La chn 2:

- B phi hp ATM SURPASS hiT7035bao gm:o Card ATM/IMA kt hp 126 x E1 (VC12) thnh STM1 (VC4).o Card 63 x E1 (VC12), connector E1.

- C kh nng kt hp ti a 252 x E1ATM thnh 2 lung STM1 ATM (VC4).

- Kt ni hiT7035 vi RNC qua n x STM1 ATM (VC4).- C kh nng chuyn i thnh b tch hp Ethernet.

Mng backhaul c th c trin khai theo 2 bc: first mile v aggregation:

MWR

RNC

NB

NBNB

BTS BTS

BSC

hiT7035 aggregates

up to 252xE1 ATM to

STM1 ATM (VC4)

hiT7035 connects to

RNC over nxSTM1 ATM

(VC4)

E1

E1E1

STM1


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- Classic: S dng ng truyn ti PDH/SDH, ti u mng TDM hin c vigii php ATM over TDM.

- Hybrid: Xy dng mng gi mi truyn lu lng gi, s dng kt hpvi PDH/SDH.

- Packet: Chuyn mng TDM hin ti sang mt mng packet hon ton (poorpacket).


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3.2 Huawei

Gii php nng cp mng backhaul c Huawei thc hin theo tng bc:

- Bc 1: ATM over E1- Bc 2: IP over E1- Bc 3: Kt hp IP vi HSDPA pha 1.- Bc 4: IP over Data v HSDPA.


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3.3 ZTE

Gii php nng cp mng backhaul c ZTE thc hin theo 2 bc:

- u tin s dng truyn ti ATM- Sau s dng kt hp IP v ATM:

o Lu lng CS v signaling: s dng ATMo Lu lng gi v HSDPA: s dng IP (FE/GE)

3.4 EricssonGii php mobile backhaul ca Ericsson thc hin nh sau:

- Pha RBS (Radia Base Station) c 1 mng PRAN.- Pha chuyn mch cng c 1 mng PRANdng cho L2 hoc L3.- Mng mobile backhaul c kt ni gia 2 PRAN ny c chia lm 2 phn:


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o LRAN (Low RAN): viba, cp ng v cp quang.o HRAN (High RAN): Metro Ethernet.

Gii php PRAN ca Ericsson cho 2G v 3G nh sau:

- V pha RBS: trong trng hp s dng mng PRAN kt hp 2G v 3G: lulng kt ni c tp trung ti b chuyn i SIU, sau c th u trc

tip vo Mobile backhau hoc c kt ni vi SEGw trc khi u vo

Mobile backhaul m bo an ton thng tin.

- V pha Switch Site: lu lng t BSC/RNC c th u trc tip qua SwitchLp 3 (Smart Edge) ri u ti mobile backhaul, hoc c th u qua SE ri

ti mobile backhaul hoc c th u qua Switch Lp 2 (OMS1410), sau

qua SEGw ri mi ti mobile backhaul.

- Mobile backhaul phi cung cp cc giao din kt ni vi PRAN.

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