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Les peuples d'Extreme-Orient. -- Le Japon by Hovelaque, Emile Review by: George Sarton Isis, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Oct., 1921), pp. 351-352 Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/224264 . Accessed: 09/05/2014 10:49 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . The University of Chicago Press and The History of Science Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Isis. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 194.29.185.180 on Fri, 9 May 2014 10:49:42 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

Les peuples d'Extreme-Orient. -- Le Japonby Hovelaque, Emile

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Les peuples d'Extreme-Orient. -- Le Japon by Hovelaque, EmileReview by: George SartonIsis, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Oct., 1921), pp. 351-352Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/224264 .

Accessed: 09/05/2014 10:49

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

The University of Chicago Press and The History of Science Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize,preserve and extend access to Isis.

http://www.jstor.org

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REVIEWS

Hovelaque, I!mile. - Les peuples d'Extreme-Orient. - Le Japon. (Bibliotheque de philosophic scientifique), 344 p. Paris, FLAMMA- RION, 1921, [fr. 7.50.]

Ce livre qui fait suite au livre sur la Chine dcu au meme auteur, est comme ce dernier une sorte de petite encyclopedie, - fort claire, pene- trante, sympathique, et qui n'a qu'un defaut, notamment celui d'etre

trop condensee. La these fondamentale de l'auteur c'est que l'ideal

japonais n'est point, comme celui d'autres peuples, un ideal religieux ou moral, mais plut6t un ideal esthetique. M. HOVELAQUE est evidem- ment fort bien documente, et il a cette faculte rare, surtout en France, de voir les peuples etrangers non de son point de vue a lui, mais de leur point de vue a eux. I1 est clair que sans cette faculte il ne peut y avoir de vraie comprehension ni de vraie sympathie. Le livre VI consacre au Japon moderne, m'a specialement interesse, parce qu'il etait pour moi le plus neuf. L'on ne peut s'empecher de fremir en son-

geant a la tragedie terrible qui se deroule en ce moment dans ces iles

privilegiees: comment la vieille ame japonaise parviendra-t-elle a se

garantir contre les progres sinistres de l'industrialisme et du mate- rialisme que lui impose la d6fense meme de son existence ?

Les jugements de MI. HOVELAQUE sont generalement clairs et pro- fonds, mais on ne peut que regretter que son education exclusivement litteraire ne lui permette point de voir les questions de race sous leur vrai jour. Ces questions sont essentiellement d'ordre biologique. Ce

qui fait la force de la culture japonaise, c'est l'extreme purete de sa race. Cette purete est aussi la source de son style. De meme c'est enfantin de parler de l'imperialisme allemand comme d'une creation artificielle: l'imperialisme allemand tout comme l'imperialisme japo- nais etait essentiellement un resultat, non pas une cause. L'imperia- lisme des peuples est comme l'ambition des hommes, une consequence naturelle de leur vigueur. Cet imperialisme ou cette ambition collec- tive est tout a fait comparable a une pression hydrostatique ou un

potentiel. I1 existe une tension vers 1'equilibre qui augmente avec la difference de potentiel; si l'equilibre ne peut se retablir normalement et si la difference de potentiel s'aggrave, une decharge violente devient inevitable. Dans le cas des peuples, cette decharge n'est autre que la

guerre. J'aime beaucoup l'esprit du livre de Mi. HOVELAQUE. Je pense comme

lui que la connaissance du Japon, comme celle de la Chine, enrichit notre ame. Elle nous enrichit par le sentiment des differences qui nous

separent, et plus encore par la decouverte des tresors qui nous sont communs. Mais M. HOVELAQUE n'a pas apergu la difficulte essen- tielle du probleme, due a la contradiction suivante : tandis que 1'etude

3.51

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isis. iv. 1922 isis. iv. 1922

de l'ideal asiatique est extremement desirable - et cela implique des rapports plus nombreux et plus intimes entre eux et nous, - il n'en est pas moins vrai que le melange des races serait absolument funeste. De cette opposition fondamentale resulteront tot ou tard des diffe- rences de potentiel formidables et probablement des calamites qu'il est impossible de s'imaginer. Ce probleme m'angoisse plus que je ne

puis le dire, et je m'etonne que l'auteur ne l'ait pas meme effleure. Sous cette reserve, ce petit livre est excellent, et il aurait suffi d'y

ajouter un index pour justifier l'assertion des editeurs, qu'il constitue un manuel complet du Japon ancien et moderne.

GEORGE SARTON.

Mediaeval contributions to modern civilisation. A series of lectures delivered at King's College, University of London. Edited by F. J. C. HEARNSHAW, M. A., LL.D. with a preface by ERNEST

BARKER, M. A., 268 p. London, HARRAP, 1921. [10s. 6d.]

The foregoing title, doubtless devised to attract the narrow glance and to flatter the self-sufficiency of the average present-day reader, had the effect rather of prejudicing the reviewer against the work, for how can anyone do justice to medieval civilisation who enumerates only those features which have contributed to modern civilisation? This initial prejudice was aggravated by an advertisement on the wrapper that ( The standpoint of this book is the present day )), and more to the same effect, and by an approving quotation on the first

page of Prof. HEARNSHAW'S introductory chapter of what, let us hope, is the silliest thing that Lord MORLEY ever said, namely, (( I do not in the least want to know what happened in the past, except as it enables me to see my way more clearly through that which is happening today )). (1) Are we to delete from knowledge's ample page everything which is not concerned with the happenings of the moment? That attitude has cost us many a precious manuscript and stained glass window and would in the end leave us nothing whatever. We must know everything possible of the past, for it may enable us to cope the better with what will happen, not today only, but tomorrow and next day and the day after ad infinita saecula saeculorum, Amen.

Fortunately most of the authors of the ten lectures on the middle ages and their religion, philosophy, science, art, poetry, education, society, economics, and politics, have refused to be fettered by the

1 It is essentially the same attitude as that quoted at page 130 of our text from St. AMBROSE, , To discuss the nature and position of the earth does not help us in our hope of life to come ,.

de l'ideal asiatique est extremement desirable - et cela implique des rapports plus nombreux et plus intimes entre eux et nous, - il n'en est pas moins vrai que le melange des races serait absolument funeste. De cette opposition fondamentale resulteront tot ou tard des diffe- rences de potentiel formidables et probablement des calamites qu'il est impossible de s'imaginer. Ce probleme m'angoisse plus que je ne

puis le dire, et je m'etonne que l'auteur ne l'ait pas meme effleure. Sous cette reserve, ce petit livre est excellent, et il aurait suffi d'y

ajouter un index pour justifier l'assertion des editeurs, qu'il constitue un manuel complet du Japon ancien et moderne.

GEORGE SARTON.

Mediaeval contributions to modern civilisation. A series of lectures delivered at King's College, University of London. Edited by F. J. C. HEARNSHAW, M. A., LL.D. with a preface by ERNEST

BARKER, M. A., 268 p. London, HARRAP, 1921. [10s. 6d.]

The foregoing title, doubtless devised to attract the narrow glance and to flatter the self-sufficiency of the average present-day reader, had the effect rather of prejudicing the reviewer against the work, for how can anyone do justice to medieval civilisation who enumerates only those features which have contributed to modern civilisation? This initial prejudice was aggravated by an advertisement on the wrapper that ( The standpoint of this book is the present day )), and more to the same effect, and by an approving quotation on the first

page of Prof. HEARNSHAW'S introductory chapter of what, let us hope, is the silliest thing that Lord MORLEY ever said, namely, (( I do not in the least want to know what happened in the past, except as it enables me to see my way more clearly through that which is happening today )). (1) Are we to delete from knowledge's ample page everything which is not concerned with the happenings of the moment? That attitude has cost us many a precious manuscript and stained glass window and would in the end leave us nothing whatever. We must know everything possible of the past, for it may enable us to cope the better with what will happen, not today only, but tomorrow and next day and the day after ad infinita saecula saeculorum, Amen.

Fortunately most of the authors of the ten lectures on the middle ages and their religion, philosophy, science, art, poetry, education, society, economics, and politics, have refused to be fettered by the

1 It is essentially the same attitude as that quoted at page 130 of our text from St. AMBROSE, , To discuss the nature and position of the earth does not help us in our hope of life to come ,.

352 352

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