7/28/2019 Nb 12 Les Mots de Liaison

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LINKWORDS NB12

Les mots de liaison servent lier deux clauses ou deux phrases tout en exprimant une relation prcise entre les deux entits.

Les mots suivis dune asterisque ont plusieurs sens. Faites attention!

IDEE EXPRIMEE MOT DE LIAISON TRADUCTION EXEMPLE

OPPOSITION :

les deux termes sont

des contraires

WHEREAS

WHILE*

BUT

alors que/tandis que The English drive on the left whereas the

French drive on the right.

UNLIKE contrairement Unlike the English, the French drive on the

right

ON THE CONTRARY au contraire Youre wrong. The English dont drive on the

right. On the contrary, they drive on the left.

CONTRARY TO (what ...) contrairement (ce que...) Contrary to what I thought, the English drive on

the left.

CONCESSION :

les deux termes ne

BUT mais John had promised to come early but he was 2

hours late.

sont pas des contraires

mais il

y a contraste ou

restriction

HOWEVER

NEVERTHELESS

NONETHELESS

YET*

cependant/pourtant/nanmoins/

malgr tout

John had promised to come early. However, he

was 2 hours late.

THOUGH

ALTHOUGH

EVEN THOUGH*

bien que Although John had promised to come early, he

was 2 hours late.

DESPITE

IN SPITE OF

malgr/ en dpit de Despite his promise, he was 2 hours late.

Despite having promised to come early, he was

2 hours late.

EVEN IF*

EVEN THOUGH*

mme si Even if he promised to come early, Im sure he

will be late.

EXCEPT

APART FROM

BUT FOR

sauf/except Everybody was early except John.

CAUSE BECAUSE parce que He had an accident because he was driving

recklessly.

AS*

SINCE*

vu que/tant donn que/puisque As he was driving recklessly, he had an

accident.

BECAUSE OF

DUE TOOWING TO

ON ACCOUNT OF

AS A RESULT OF

cause de/en raison de He had an accident because of his reckless

driving.He had an accident because of his driving

recklessly.

THANKS TO grce He avoided the accident thanks to his quick

reflexes.

FOR* (archaque) car He was angry for he had had an accident.

FOR*

THROUGH

pour/ cause de He lost his licence for reckless driving.

CONSEQUENCE SO*

THEREFORE

CONSEQUENTLY

AS A RESULT

THUS

donc/par consquent/

en consquence

The football pitch was flooded, so the match

was postponed.

THIS IS (THE REASON) WHY

THAT IS (THE REASON)

WHY

cest pourquoi The football pitch was flooded. Thats why the

match was postponed.

FINALITE TO*

IN ORDER TO

SO AS TO

pour, afin de She went to the show early in order to get a

good seat

SO THAT*

IN ORDER THAT

=> + could, shouldou would

pour que She went to the show early so that her family

would get good seats.

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ADDITION AND et She speaks English and Danish.

IN ADDITION TO

AS WELL AS

BESIDES*

en plus de She speaks English in addition to (speaking)

Danish.

BOTH* la fois She speaks both English and Danish.

NOT ONLY...BUT ALSO non seulement...mais aussi She speaks not only English but also Danish.

Not only does she speak English, but she also

speaks Danish.

MOREOVER

FURTHERMORE

BESIDES*

WHAT IS MORE

IN ADDITION

de plus/en outre She speaks English and Danish. Moreover, she

speaks Swedish.

TOO

ALSO

AS WELL

aussi/galement She speaks Swedish too.

She also speaks Swedish.

She speaks Swedish as well.

NEITHER...NOR ni...ni She speaks neither Spanish nor Italian.

SUBSTITUTION INSTEAD OF

RATHER THAN

au lieu de/plutt que She took the train instead of (taking) the plane.

ALTERNATIVE OR (ELSE)

EITHER...OR

ou/soit...soit Students can either learn German or Japanese.

ILLUSTRATION FOR EXAMPLE / e.g.

FOR INSTANCELIKE*

SUCH AS

SUCH...AS

par exemple/comme/tel que There are many great Irish writers, for example

Joyce and Yeats.

Hes read such writers as Joyce and Yeats.

IN OTHER WORDS

THAT IS TO SAY / i.e.

autrement dit/en dautres termes Hes studied Irish literature. In other words,

hes read Joyce, Yeats and Beckett.

SAY disons Take any Irish writer, say Joyce, and youll

understand.

NAMELY savoir The greatest modern Irish writer, namely Joyce,

is very versatile.

CONDITION IF si If your report is good enough, well publish it.

PROVIDED (THAT)

PROVIDING (THAT)

AS LONG AS*

condition que Well publish your report provided its good

enough.

OTHERWISE* sinon, autrement You must improve your report. Otherwise, it

will not be published.

UNLESS si...ne pas/ moins que/ moins de Your report will not be published unless you

improve it.

EVEN IF* mme si Your report will be published even if there are

mistakes in it.

SUPPOSING supposer que Supposing we publish your report, you will not

be paid.

MANIERE BY* en The solution was found by feeding the data to a

computer.

USING

WITH

laide de/avec The solution was found using a computer.

CHRONOLOGIE WHEN quand They will present their results when theycomplete the tests.

ONCE une fois que They will present their results once they have

completed the tests.

AS SOON AS ds que They will present their results as soon as they

complete the tests.

AFTER aprs (que) They will present their results after the tests are

completed /completing the tests.

BEFORE avant (que) They will not present their results before the

tests are completed/completing the tests.

TILL

UNTIL

jusqu (ce que) They will not present their results till the tests

are completed.

AS LONG AS tant que They will notpresent their results as long as the

tests are notcompleted.

WHILE * pendant que, tout en There was a power cut while they werecompleting their tests.