Une Ploy Ment

7/31/2019 Une Ploy Ment

1/26


2/26

IntroductionDefinition

Features

Types of unemploymentCauses

Effects & Consequences

Measures

Measurement of unemployment


3/26

Every sixth person in the world is an Indian &every third poor person in the world is alsoan Indian. the statistics speaks about thegravity problems of unemployment andpoverty which demand an immediate solution

The problem of unemployment means theproblem of providing work to those who arewilling to work. A large number of educated

and uneducated people, who are capable ofwork and are also willing to do it, roam hereand there without any job. So the problemhas assumed an acute form.


4/26

Generally a person who is not gainfullyemployed in an productive activity is calledunemployed.

It is a complex phenomena.

Our nation faces a massive problem of

unemployment. Unemployment can bedefined


5/26

The incidence of unemployment is muchhigher in urban areas than in rural areas.

Unemployment rates for women are higherthan those for men.

The incidence of unemployment among theeducated is much higher than the overallunemployment.

There is greater unemployment in agricultural

sector than in industrial and other majorsectors.


6/26


7/26


8/26

Structural Disguised Cyclic Sudden Seasonal


9/26

-Inthis type of unemployment aperson is out of job of his owndesire doesn't work on theprevalent or prescribed wages.

Either he wants higher wagesor doesn't want to work at all.

Involuntary unemployment-A

person is separated fromremunerative work & devoid ofwages ,although he is capableof earning wages & anxious toearn them.


10/26

- When at the placewhere workers have been employed ,there issome change, a large number of persons are

unemployed

- Certainindustries and traders engage workers for a

particular season. When the season hasended the workers are rendered unemployed

Cyclic- This is the result of the trade cycle

which is a part of the capitalist system. Insuch a system, there is greaterunemployment when there is depression alarge number of people are rendered

unemployed.


11/26

- It occurs due structuralchanges in an economy. most of unemployment in

India is structural.


12/26

Sector wise absorption of labor

agriculture

manufacturing

services

miscellaneous


13/26

-population has

increased at a very fast rate sinceindependence but jobs have failed to keeppace with the population.

- It creates the unemploymentsituation for a large number of persons whodepend on agriculture in rural areas. Since,

India population increasing rapidly,therefore, the land is not sufficient for thegrowing population.


14/26

-The day-to-dayeducation is very defective and is confirmed

within the class room only. Its main aim is toacquire certificated only. The present educationalsystem is not job oriented, it is degree oriented.Thus, the people who have getting generaleducation are unable to do any work

In Indiaparticularly in rural areas, there are no adequatefacilities of transport and communication. Owingto this, the village people who are not engaged in

agricultural work are remained unemployed. It isnoted that the modern means of transport andcommunication are the only way to trade andcommerce. Since there is lack of transport andcommunication in rural areas, therefore, it leads

to unemployment problem among the villagers.


15/26

Theemployment planning of the government is notadequate in comparison to population growth.In India near about two lakh people are added

yearly to our existing population. But theemployment opportunities did not increaseaccording to the proportionate rate ofpopulation growth. As a consequence, a greatdifference is visible between the job

opportunities and population growth.

Our joint-family system isgradually breaking down. This may be a goodsocial change from certain points of view, butfront the point of view of unemployment it isharmful. When we live jointly, some familymembers get employed in family professions.One who gets a job, supports others who maynot be equally fortunate. We should not behasty in breaking down this system.


16/26


17/26

Mental stress

Loss of self esteem

Directly links youwith poverty &malnutrition

Various addictions


18/26

Civil unrest

Law & orderproblems. E.g.-

thefts , corruption,gambling, etc.

Increase in povertylevel

Loss of humanresources


19/26

There is nosecond opinion to say thatpopulation in India is rising at avery high speed. Unless thisproblem is not checked, theproblem of unemployment

cannot be solved properly.

As regards theproblem of educated

unemployment in urban areas,India should reconstruct andoverhaul the education systemaccording to the changing

environment of the country.


20/26

India is still

lagging behind in the sphere of education,medical science and other services ascompared to the advanced countries of theWest. Therefore, efforts should be made toextend these services to rural folks in thebackward regions of the country.

Toprovide the opportunities for selfemployment, small scale industries should begiven top priority. They should be providedliberal loans, raw material training facilitiesand infrastructure and market facilities etc.


21/26

provides credit linkedsubsidy for setting up microenterprises.

gainful employment to urbanpoor, unemployed &underemployed.

-promotes self employmentin rural areas.


22/26


23/26

Provide skill training to

new entrants Improve skill level of

existing work force.

Provide formal skill

training Provide informal skill

training. E.g.construction industryskill trading which isvery imp and can't beavoided.


24/26


25/26

Usual status(Us)Current weekly stats (Cws)

Current daily status(Cds)Unemployment rate=

No. of unemployed people\Labor force.


26/26

Documents

Une Ploy Ment