KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Quo vadis AI & KM ?

Eunika Mercier-LaurentKnowledge Innovation® Strategist

Knowledge Flow ArchitectMODEME IAE, Lyon 3 University, KIM &

Entovation, AFIA, IFIP

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

AI 2006 ?

Connaissances

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évolution artificielle

IA distribuée et multi-agentsprogrammation par contraintes

de la langue naturelle

réseaux de neurones

vision artificiellesystèmes experts

de la parole

d’images

du signal

programmation logique

Traitem

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fouille de données

interfaces intelligentes

environnement interactifs d’apprentissage

architectures de systèmes d’IA

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apprentissage automatique 50 years !http://www.dartmouth.edu/~ai50/homepage.html

KM and AI are interlinked

www.afia-france.org

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

AI 2006

Aibo

Electrolux Automower

Spirit

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

KM (1985-1991)

• 1991 from problem solving to global flow of knowledge

Corporate Visibility semantic navigation

Corporate Decision Modus ponens constraint propagation

Corporate Memory Repository

Corporate modeling Classes/objects semantic networks

Existing IS

Goal : optimized Kflow

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

“Managing the Knowledge Assets into the 21st

Century”(USA)

‘Knowledge for Development‘ –The World Bank(Washington, DC)

“Knowledge Wave Initiative”(New Zealand)

1987 2001+1996

“Human Capital Reporting for the Knowledge Economy -OECD Observor”(Paris, France)

“European Union Knowledge Conference (Utrecht, The Netherlands)

‘Study Commission on the Implications of the Knowledge Economy (Beijing, China)

Evolution of Knowledge Economies

20001997 1998

Global Knowledge Partnership I(Toronto, Canada)

Global Knowledge Partnership II(Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,)

Knowledge Park –The World’s Fair(Hannover, Germany)

IC Report for the Nation:Welfare and Security”(Stockholm, Sweden,)

“The IC State of Israel – Hidden Values of the Desert”(Israel)

“IC Statements: Towards a Guideline”(Copenhagen, Denmark,)

“National Conference on IC”(Lima, Peru)

1999

“FASB Guidelines”(USA)

“Brookings Institute Report on Intangibles”(USA)

“Enterprise Value in the Knowledge Economy -OECD”(Paris, France)

“Indicators – The World Bank”(Washington, DC)

“Poland Prime Minister & Cabinet Visit”(New York, NY)

19941991

“Grand Collogue de Perspective”(Lyon, France)

“Western Hemisphere Knowledge Partnership”(Boston, MA)

“US State Dept Briefing on Russia”(Washington, DC - USA)

“The Innovation Nation” by the Prime Minister(Singapore)

“NationalIntellectualCapitalIndex TM”(UNOPS/McMaster)

“E100: Building Collaborative Advantage”(NY City, NY)

“PDVSA Conference(Caracas, Venezuela)

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Has KM the same meaning as it had 15 years ago?

15 years ago we had two points of view: • Management (Drucker, Amidon…) and • Knowledge processing (AI and cognitive

science) (JSeely Brown, Davenport, Wiig…).

Today there are as many points as domains, some of them converged, but only few understood the deep meaning KM can have.

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

management

HR

documents designco-design

AI

ITBusiness Intelligence

KM (1996-2000)

• Separate domainscontribution

• Strong technology pushbegining of Kbased business

Result :– Fails– Avakening : knowledge is human and re-discovery of the human

nature (Lack of feedback from AI !)Context : networks, mondialization, culture mix

Human sciences

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

KM Bill Gates definition

"I have organized this book around three corporate functions: commerce, knowledge management, business operations." p. xix

"Knowledge management is nothing more than managing information flow, getting the right information to the people who need it so that they can act on it quickly."

"Business @ the Speed of Though" p. 238

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Has KM changed in the last 15 years?

It grows from experience, but this experience is not yet collective, because of human nature (competition instead of collaboration…and KMattitude)

From my point of view it evolved– from technological push to more human oriented

approach, – from single problem solving to the quite-global flow,– from KM to Knowledge Innovation®…trough

collective intelligence

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Do we have the technology to implement KM easily?

Not really, because as well research as IT industry does not integrate the “needs engineering and discovery” into the Kinnovation process (innovation with client).

The “devices” as computers, PDA, cellular phone, PSP, TV… have the same functions and…difficulty to communicate, idem for KM software .

There is no one able to assist in an intelligent way the human in his/her environment and learn to adapt to what he/has needs (challenge!).

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

ROI of KM?

• Tangible and untangible• We begin to know (ex. D. Skyrme “Measuring

the value of Knowledge”Business Intelligence, 1998, Leif Edvinson’s Intellectual Capital… ).

• Two points: some Americans and North-Europeans know the value (and the price!) of knowledge. French and probably others have to put into practice the concept of intangible value.

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Are there accepted theoretical models for KM?

Theoretical models have to be improved through experience.

Practical applications could be an excellent field of research investigations.

Many of theoretical models are not useful, because of the lack of understanding the complex reality.

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

More questions

• Is KM changing the way of thinking and working ?• What are new values pointed by KM ?• Did KM amplify our innovative capability?• Did KM influence/improve the sustainability of

persons, organizations, countries and planet ?

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

KM Millesime 2006 ?

• Planetary movement and networks• KM = attitudes• Holistic• 3D KM • Knowledge Economy :

– Kcity real and virtual (Helsinki 2003)– KCities, KRegions, KWorld Monterrey 2003– Collective E100 book Knowledge Economy

• Intelligent devices with AI inside

Context : mondialization, culture mix, challenges for society and planet

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

AI What’s next ?

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AImy dreams

• Discover our brain capacity (more challenge for AI)

• Better use of computer capacity (K thinking approach)

• More collective and multi-domain intelligence (1+1=11) instead of competition

• Intuitive software• …

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)my vision/dream

human knowledge cultivators® work in perfect synergy with artificial knowledge processors – computers (device). They learn from each other. Computers help people by performing the tasks difficult or impossible for human to do…

in the world where the biological, social and machine components are well balanced, are sustainable indefinitely without destroying the environment, and enhance the human condition.

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Today and future needs :– Safety of persons and systems (cryptography identity

management ? intrusion detection, security at home, security of Information Systems),

– Health, human « spare parts »– Sustainability– Services– social (loneliness, handicapped, unemployed), – trust …

Future of AI (& KM)ProblemProblem drivendriven researchresearch

Today problems are complexchallenge : find balanced solution

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)ProblemProblem drivendriven researchresearch

• H & C Learning (3W access to K), interactive, with RV, collaboratif learning by playing…

• Ecosystems rediscovery (ancestral knowledge rediscovering instead of inventing new pesticides and artificial fertilisers) RICH

• Imagination training, interactive games, influence on (bad) comportement ?

• Intelligent car or new way to move ?• intelligent house (recognition of visitors, management of

vital fonctions, household appliances, equipment for handicapps..)

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)my vision (holistic)

3 levels of needs:• Individual – machine as an amplifier of human capacity

and intelligence• Organizational• Society

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)Individual level

• Human-machine collaboration and learning, but whatkind of Machine ? Computer ? Device ?

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)Individual level

• Intelligent assistant able to • Find relevant information and knowledge on demand and push• Understand documents/emails, make un abstract• Manage my documents, files, emails using my logic • NL dialog and RT translation• Provide an intelligent tool for illustrations • Optimize a travel reservation (global access)….• access and intelligent navigation in the world knowledge bases

(k-based design)• Recognize visitors, automatic vacuum cleaner,

advice…

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)Entreprise/Organizational level

Computers are considered as a source of K are involved in the extended enterprise innovation process nurished by the organized and optimized K flow

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)Entreprise/Organizational level

The same capacity as for individual +• Effective management Innovation process (“from idea to

success”) • Sharing the learned knowledge relevant to a given point-

of-view with relevant people-computers• Effective management of intellectual capital, determining

who knows what, who needs to know what, and how to learn what is needed

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)Entreprise/Organizational level

• Support tools for “business intelligence”: for finding, checking and sharing knowledge

• Automated patent similarity determination• Automated tools for pattern discovery and knowledge acquisition

both at the individual and collective levels• Tool for summarizing and generalizing experiences of the company• Decision support for all professionals : diagnostic, configuration,

problem solving, process control…• Management of global security…

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of AI (& KM)Society

• Intelligent e-gouvernement• Intelligent e-services (administration, tourism, RT

education, call centers…)• Knowledge towns/regions/society• Entertainment (intelligent games, travel guide, VR visit of

monuments with interaction (touch, smell…)• Intelligent bank• World bank of knowledge and experience…

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

FiveFive GenerationsGenerations of of ManagmentManagment StylesStylesInnovation Innovation StrategyStrategy for The Knowledge for The Knowledge EconomyEconomy Debra M. Amidon 1997 BH Debra M. Amidon 1997 BH

1st Technologyas the Asset

2nd Projectas the Asset

3rd Enterpriseas the Asset

4th Customeras the Asset

5th Knowledgeas the Asset

CoreStrategy

CoreStrategy

ChangeFactors

ChangeFactors

PerformancePerformance

StructureStructure

PeoplePeople

• R&D in Isolation• R&D in Isolation

• UnpredictableSerendipity

• UnpredictableSerendipity

• R&D asOverhead

• R&D asOverhead

• Hierarchical;Functionally-Driven

• Hierarchical;Functionally-Driven

• We/TheyCompetition

• We/TheyCompetition

• Link toBusiness

• Link toBusiness

• Inter-dependence

• Inter-dependence

• Cost-Sharing• Cost-Sharing

• Matrix• Matrix

• ProactiveCooperation

• ProactiveCooperation

• Technology/BusinessIntegration

• Technology/BusinessIntegration

• Systematic R&DManagement

• Systematic R&DManagement

• BalancingRisk/Reward

• BalancingRisk/Reward

• DistributedCoordination

• DistributedCoordination

• StructuredCollaboration

• StructuredCollaboration

• IntegrationWith CustomerR&D

• IntegrationWith CustomerR&D

• AcceleratedDiscontinuousGlobal Change

• AcceleratedDiscontinuousGlobal Change

• ‘ProductivityParadox’

• ‘ProductivityParadox’

• Multi-Dimensional‘Communities ofPractice’

• Multi-Dimensional‘Communities ofPractice’

• Focus onValues andCapability

• Focus onValues andCapability

• CollaborativeInnovationSystem

• CollaborativeInnovationSystem

• KaleidoscopicDynamics

• KaleidoscopicDynamics

• IntellectualCapacity/Impact

• IntellectualCapacity/Impact

• SymbioticNetworks

• SymbioticNetworks

• Self-ManagingKnowledgeWorkers

• Self-ManagingKnowledgeWorkers

ProcessProcess

TechnologyTechnology

• MinimalCommunication

• MinimalCommunication

• Embryonic• Embryonic

• Project-to-Project Basis

• Project-to-Project Basis

• Data-Based• Data-Based

• PurposefulR&D/Portfolio

• PurposefulR&D/Portfolio

• Information-Based

• Information-Based

• Feedback Loopsand ‘informationpersistence’

• Feedback Loopsand ‘informationpersistence’

• IT as aCompetitiveWeapon

• IT as aCompetitiveWeapon

• Cross-BoundaryLearning andKnowledge Flow

• Cross-BoundaryLearning andKnowledge Flow

• IntelligentKnowledgeProcessors

• IntelligentKnowledgeProcessors

Customer Retention Customer Satisfaction Customer Success

KAM 2006 Eunika Mercier-Laurent

Future of KM ?

• New education for (ELKM)• New devices (intelligent

assistants of humans)• Multidisciplinary applied

research• 3G • Knowledge Economy

(competitivity poles or Knowledge Zones ?)

• Sustainability, prosperity

Are you ready to innovate ourFuture together ?