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From [email protected] Fri Mar 18 10:32:03 1994Date: Fri, 18 Mar 94 13:41:41 ESTFrom: Mark Frazer Bower To: [email protected]: Synth/MIDI/Analog/Acoustic Bibligraphy (95K - LONG!)

Here's the list of books I received from various sources from around theworld. Some of these may be out of print, and some may not be published

in all countrys. I don't know about the contents of the books, I'veonly compiled this list.

A big thanks to all the submitters, both direct and indirect. Cheers.

Enjoy,

Mark

#############################################################################Title: MIDI ProjectsAuthor: R.A. PenfoldLanguage: (e.g. if not english) English

Audience: (e.g. technical ? non-tech ? simple ?) Simple .... ishPublisher: Bernard BabaniISBN Number: 0-85934-156-9

Summary/Abstract (breif): Build your own MIDI/CV-gate adaptor. MIDIinterfaces for popular home computers. MIDI general theory. Simple monosequencers.

Keywords: Still in Print ?: (if you know) YesPrice: (if you can remember) 2.95 Irish pounds (US$4 approx.)Where and when bought (if you can remember): Peats of Parnell Street (Dublin)##############################################################################

Title:Electronic Music CircuitsAuthor:Barry KleinLanguage: (e.g. if not english)Audience: Technical, for those who like to build.Publisher:H.W. SamsISBN Number:0-672-21833-Xu{

Summary/Abstract (breif):A nice overview of synthesizer circuits. Agood reference for DIY enthusiasts. Some of the circuits are no longerpossible because they require SSM chips, but many are. Beware: Some ofthe circuit diagrams have errors in them.

Keywords: Synth construction, circuitry, musical electronics theory

Still in Print ?: I doubt it.Price: (if you can remember)Where and when bought (if you can remember):Found it at a library##############################################################################

a new book recently has appeared on my desk, which i find quite exciting,and would like to tell you about.the book is volume 8 in the computer music and digital audio seriesedited by our old buddy john strawn and published by a-r editions,and is by far the best of the series as far as scope and depth areconcerned.

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it is called Synthesizer Performance And Realtime Techniques, and isauthored by jeff pressing, about whom i know nothing.allow me to provide a chapter listing, with sub-chapter brief:

1: the synthesizer as instrumentfixed and realtime synthesisthe improvisation-composition continuumaesthetics, style, and function

2: synthesis, sampling, and softwaretuning and temperamentsynthesis and samplingmusical qualities and synthesis

3: midimidi messagesstandard midi filesmidi diagnosislimitations of midi

4: synthesizer techniquecontemporary synthesizer keyboard techniquevoice assignment: monophonic and polyphonic modesvelocity and pressure maps

performance with standard continuous controllers5: playing a single line

realtime control of pitchtimingtimbrearticulation and phrasingnotation for synthesizerthe synthetic implementation of expressivity

6: polyphonic performance and extended techniquespart dispositiondovetail voicingspolyphonic pitch bendkeyboard retuning

velocity effectsusing unpredictability

7: performance configurations and practicalitieslayeringpractical issues in live performancelive performance with prerecorded music

8: sound and instrument imitationsustaining breath instruments: brass and windsthe voicedecaying instruments: plucked stringsinstrumental third-streaming

9: nonkeyboard controllerspitch-to-midi converters

bowed string controllerspercussion controllers

10: synthesizer ensembles and repertoirediscographical sourcesperformance problems in electroacoustic ensembles

11: intelligent and interactive performance systemsan analytical and historical frameworkcybernetics of the control interfacecybernetics if intelligent midi systems

the book is comprehensively indexed, and runs to 462 pages. now, even in that

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many pages some of the above areas get a little shortchanged. i'm sure thatmost of you could, after all, see an entire book in each chapter heading.things like midi diagnosis and controller descriptions actually only geta single page, rather than any kind of serious treatment. what the book excelsin, however, is a musically relevant presentation. it is full of scorematerial, data, and exercises. as you can tell from the chapter list,it builds from a set of synthesis and related fundamentals to a core whichemphasizes how to actually make music with these instruments, and then

resolves to more abstract issues of sound design and control. the book iswritten for the musician who may know absolutely nothing about synthesizersto begin with, and attempts to tell them everything they need to know inorder to make both rational and creative decisions. on the one hand, thismeans that a good deal of the writing simply makes explicit what alot ofus who have been using these machines for years already understand, althoughmay not have bothered to articulate. descriptions of portamento control, forinstance, tend toward this. they are very detailed, but tell me nothingnew. but again, and this is the other hand, they are *very* detailed, andthis level of detail sometimes triggers new ideas even for the familiar reader.the treatments of the requirements, capabilities, and implications ofperformance controls and techniques is the most thorough i have ever seen,and i think anyone here would find significant value in it.

a-r editions' phone number is 1-800-736-0070. for library or bookstore,the isbn is 0-89579-257-5.

############################################################################

Barry Klein, Electronic Music Circuits, Howard D. Sams & Co., Inc.,Indianapolis, USA 1982, ISBN 0-672-21833-X, 302 pages.

- analog circuitry for music synthesizers- synthesizer design- construction methods- gives secrets of many special-effect devices used bymusicians

- contains a minimum of mathematics

#############################################################################

Thomas H. Wells, The Technique of Electronic Music,Schirmer Books, New York, 1981, ISBN 0-02-872830-0, 303 pages

- gives some circuitry diagrams for constructingdifferent devices for sound processing

- also teaches how use these devices as a musician

#############################################################################

Also of good value could be the bookDelton T. Horn, Trobleshooting & Repairing Electronic Music

Synthesizers, TAB Books (McGraw-Hill), Blue Ridge Summit, PA, USA,1992, ISBN 0-8306-3921-7, 206 pages.

- contents as the book name implies- analog synthesizers- digital synthesizers- effects devices- MIDI

##############################################################################

If you are interested also in using tape recorders in sound

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manipulation, just have a look at the bookDavid Keane, Tape Music Composition, Oxford University Press,London, 1980, ISBN 0-19-311919-6, 148 pages.

- how to use reel-to-reel tape recorder in sound processingand "tape music" composition

#############################################################################

>A while back, someone mentioned the name of a book that explained all>electronic aspects of signal matching of audio devices.>>Can someone repost the Title, Author and ISBN of this book please ?

Yup, the Yamaha Sound Reinforcement Handbook. Something like$US39.95 at BookStar in paperback. Possibly at a larger W. H. Smug,definitely at Foyle's (sp?).

#############################################################################Craig AndertonElectronic Projects For Musicians?

??

#############################################################################One book on fundamentals which has helped me out greatly is "Sound Advice:a Musician's Guide to the Recording Studio." Wayne Wadhams, New York:Schirmer Books, London: Collier MacMillan, 1990.

#############################################################################

Here is another title to add to the bibliography:

Electronics and Construction Technique:

"Electronic Music Circuits" by Barry Klein. This was writtenin 1982. Many of the designs use the CEM or SSM chips but notall do. There are many circuits in this book. The book alsohas detailed descriptions of the chips (including reprints ofthe data sheets in an appendix). There is also alot of constructiontechniques and helpful hints. As I have stated earlier, I haven'tdesigned any modules myself but I have built various conveniencemodules (power supplies, converter modules, etc.) at times. This bookhas come in handy at those times.

###############################################################################

Q1.1.5: Digital Audio Effects Processing.

Books (in no particular order, sorry):

Hal Chamberlin, Musical Applications of Microprocessors, 2nd Ed.,Hayden Book Company, 1985.Barry Blesser and J. Kates. "Digital Processing in Audio Signals." In A. V.Oppenheim, ed. Applications of Digital Signal Processing. Englewood Cliffs,NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1978.

Digital Signal Processing Committee of IEEE Acoustics, Speech, and Signal

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Processing Society, ed. Programs for Digital Signal Processing. New York:IEEE Press, 1979.

John Strawn, ed., "Digital Audio Signal Processing: An Anthology.", Los Altos,CA: W. Kaufmann, 1985. [Contains Moorer J.A. "About This Reverb..."and contains an article which gives a code for Phase Vocoder -- greattool for EQ, for Pitchshifter and more --Juhana Kouhia]

Charles Dodge and Thomas A. Jerse. Computer Music: Synthesis, Composition,and Performance. New York: Schirmer Books, 1985.

F. Richard Moore, "Elements of Computer Music", Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall, 1990. ISBN: 0-13252-552-6 [Recommended. --Juhana Kouhia]

Curtis Roads and John Strawn, ed., "The Foundations of Computer Music",Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985. [Contains article on analysis/synthesisby Strawn, recommended; also an another article maybe by J.A. Moorer-- Juhana Kouhia]

John Strawn, ed., "Digital Audio Signal Processing", 283 pages,$34.95, ISBN 0-86576-082-9, pub: A-R Editions. Contents:

1. Introduction to the mathematics of DSP (F. Richard Moore)[Not a bad little text]

2. Introduction to digital filter theory (Julius O. Smith)[Not a bad little text, either]

3. Spiral Synthesis (Tracy Lind Petersen)[first published account of a new synthesis technique]

4. Signal processing aspects of computer music (J. A. Moorer)[James Moorer's classic article--discusses many synthesistechniques. Reverb algorithms. More than 6 pages of refs]

5. An introduction to the phase vocoder (J. W. Gordon, J. Strawn)[Includes source code for a phase vocoder--a powerful methodfor synthesis, pitch shifting, time scale modification, etc.]

[Comments by Quinn Jensen].Curtis Road, ed., "Composers and the Computer", 201 pages,$27.95, ISBN 0-86576-085-3, pub: A-R Editions.

John Strawn, ed., "Digital Audio Engineering", 144 pages,$29.95, ISBN 0-86576-087-X pub: A-R Editions.

Deta S. Davis, "Computer Applications in Music: A Bibliography", 537 pages,

$49.95, ISBN 0-89579-225-7, pub: A-R Editions.

Ken C. Pohlmann, "The Compact Disc: A Handbook of Theory and Use",288 pages, $45.95 (cloth) ISBN 0-89579-234-6, $29.95 (paper)ISBN 0-89579-228-1, pub: A-R Editions.

Forthcoming books:

Curtis Roads, "A Computer Music History: Musical Automationfrom Antiquity to the Computer Age"

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Joseph Rothstein, "MIDI: A Comprehensive Introduction"

David Cope, "Computer Analysis of Musical Style"

Dexter Morrill and Rick Taube, "A Little Book of Computer MusicInstruments"

Articles:

James A. Moorer, "About This Reverberation Business", Computer Music Journal3, 20 (1979): 13-28. (Also in Foundations of CM below).[Ok article, but you have to know basic DSP operations. --Juhana Kouhia]

Check more articles from Journal of the Audio Engineering Society(JAES), for example more articles by Strawn.

Note: books published by A-R editions can be ordered from:

A-R Editions801 Deming WayMadison, Wisconsin 53717

608-836-9000 (They accept VISA orders)

[The above is largely from Quinn Jensen, [email protected];Juhana Kouhia, [email protected]; William Alves, [email protected];and Paul A Simoneau, [email protected]]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

"Elements of Computer Music" is a nice book that explains a lot of synthesistechniques. I have it myself. Recommended!

###############################################################################

For those who are interested, here's a partial list of books available fromBabani Press. Some of these are by R.A. Penfold, some are not. Here goes :

BP81 - Electronic Synthesizer ProjectsBP90 - Audio ProjectsBP122 - Audio Amplifier DesignBP173 - Computer Music ProjectsBP174 - More Advanced Electronic Music ProjectsBP182 - MIDI ProjectsBP185 - Electronic Synthesizer ConstructionBP238 - Linear IC Selector GuideBP245 - Digital Audio ProjectsBP246 - Musical Applications of the Atari ST

BP247 - More Advanced MIDI Projects

This is *not* the full list. If anyone is looking for any of these, I may beable to buy or order them and send them on.

Related :> how do we (in the usa) get hold of the distributer or the publisher?> do they deal with overseas sales? if not so but if i may ask you to help> me getting a copy of bp185, i'd be very grateful.>

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> it's been unavailable here since 1991. but we can get other titles from:>> electronic technology today, inc> p.o. box 240> massapequa park, ny 11762-0240>> i have midi projects and advanced midi project, wasn't particularly> impressed by those titles, though. synthesizer construction might be

> a good thing to have handy, nevertheless.>

I have BP185. In fact, it's here in front of me !! It's not too bad.It contains various circuits VCO, VCF, EG, LFO, noise, sequencer,etc.John Tuffen has already claimed this book, but I'll see if I can find anotherone!!

The address for Babani Press is :

Bernard Babani (publishing) LTD,The Grampians,Shepherd's Bush Road,

London W6 7NFGreat Britain

It says in the back of the book that they will accept mail order. Here'ssome more titles that may be of interest :

BP74 - Electronic Music ProjectsBP90 - Audio ProjectsBP106 - Modern Op-Amp ProjectsBP122 - Audio Amplifier Construction

#############################################################################

Posted-By: auto-faq 2.4Archive-name: music/midi/bibliography

Version: $Id: bibliography,v 1.5 1993/06/28 09:17:13 piet Exp $

This is a bibliography on synthesizers, midi, computer and electronic musicthat I have collected from various sources. I have tried to bring somestructure into it, but not all books will fit into a single subject.NOTE: I haven't read these books, and the comments are from other people.On some of them I lost the original commentor's name. Sorry about that. Ifyou have additions or correction to this information, please mail me. Thelatest version of this file can be obtained by ftp from ftp.cs.ruu.nl[131.211.80.17] in MIDI/DOC/bibliography or by mail from

[email protected] (send a message with HELP in the body).

------------------------------ MIDI ------------------------------

Title: Computer music in C / Phil Winsor & Gene DeLisa.Publisher: Blue Ridge Summit, PA : TAB Books (Windcrest label), c1991.Subjects: Computer sound processing.

Computer composition.C (Computer program language)Midi programming

ISBN: 0-8306-3637-4 (p) : $22.95

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It has a C source disk for the PC available for $25.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Mind over MIDI / edited by Dominic Milano ; by the editorsof Keyboard magazine.

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : H. Leonard Books, c1987.Series Name: The Keyboard magazine basic libraryOther Series Names: Keyboard synthesizer library.Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

Computer sound processing.ISBN: 0-88188-551-7 (pbk.) : $12.95

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: MIDI- und sound-buch zum Atari ST. EnglishTitle: MIDI and sound book for the Atari ST / Bernd Enders and

Wolfgang Klemme.Publisher: Redwood City, Calif. : M & T Pub., c1989.Subjects: Computer music--Instruction and study.

Computer sound processing.MIDI (Standard)Atari ST computers--Programming.

ISBN: 1-55851-042-7 : $17.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

Atari ST Introduction to MIDI ProgrammingLen Dorfman and Dennis YoungISBN 0-916439-77-1

Bantam Books,Inc.666 5th AvenueNew York,New York10103

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Music through MIDI : using MIDI to create your own

electronic music system / Michael Boom.Publisher: Redmond, Wash. : Microsoft Press, c1987.Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

Subjects: Musical instruments, Electronic.Subjects: Electronic music--Instruction and study.Subjects: Computer sound processing.

ISBN: 1-55615-026-1 (pbk.) : $19.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The MIDI drummer : by a drummer for a drummer-- / by DavidCrigger.

Publisher: Newbury Park, CA : Alexander Pub., c1987.Subjects: Electronic percussion instruments--Instruction and study.

MIDI (Standard)------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: MIDI for guitarists / by Bob Ward and Marty Cutler ;Publisher: London ; New York : Amsco Publications ; New York, NY, USA

: Exclusive distributors Music Sales Corp., c1988.Subjects: Electric guitar--Instruction and study.

MIDI (Standard)ISBN: 0-8256-1126-1 (U.S.)

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: MIDI for musicians / by Craig Anderton.

Publisher: New York : Amsco Publications, c1986.Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

Computer sound processing.ISBN: 0-8256-1050-8 (pbk.)ISBN: 0-8256-2214-X (pbk. : cover)

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------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: MIDI guitar : a complete applications directory for the

modern guitarist / [by Rey Sanchez ; forward [sic] byRandy Bernsen].

Publisher: Miami, FL : CPP/Belwin, c1988.Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

Computer sound processing.Electric guitar.

ISBN: 0-89898-544-7 : $15.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Midi guitar and synthesis : the basics of guitar synthesis/ by Paul Youngblood.

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : H. Leonard Pub. Co., c1989.Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

Computer sound processing.Electric guitar.

ISBN: 0-88188-886-9 : $14.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The MIDI home studio / by Howard Massey.Publisher: London ; New York : Amsco Publications ; New York, NY, USA

: Music Sales Corp. [distributor], c1988.

ISBN: 0-8256-1127-X (U.S.)------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The MIDI manual / David Miles Huber.Publisher: Carmel, Ind., USA : Howard W. Sams, c1991.

ISBN: 0-672-22757-6, 250pp.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The MIDI programmer's handbook / Steve De Furia and JoeScacciaferro, Ferro Technologies.

Publisher: Redwood City, Calif. : M&T Pub., c1989.ISBN: 1-55851-068-0, 250 pp. Paperback. $24.95 Mix Bookshelf part # 3539C

New, advanced MIDI desk reference is perfect for programmers and MIDI powerusers. The heart of the book is a summary and explanation of every MIDI

command, in hex, binary, decimal and English. Also features detaileddiscussion of software design concerns, synchronization formats, MTC,sample dump, MIDI files and system exclusive processing.

It discusses writing software to handle MIDI information at the applicationlevel. In other words, they assume you have already written or otherwiseobtained access to the necessary code to talk to your hardware to send andreceive the MIDI data. This approach frees the entire discussion frombeing tied to any particular hardware or programming approach. Instead, itspends its time on that which is valuable to the experienced programmer.Issues such as MIDI file format, timing (SMPTE, MTC, etc), parsing MIDIdata and processing it, MIDI sample dump standard, etc. are all handled infine detail.

------------------------------------------------------------------------THE MIDI IMPLEMENTATION BOOK, Defuria & ScacciaferroContains complete documentation of MIDI commands implemented by more than200 instruments. This data has come directly from hardware manufacturersand allows you to find MIDI functions of specific instruments, comparefeatures of similar instruments and choose equipment to meet specificapplications. A standard, one-page implementation chart is used for eachproduct. 1986, 216 pp. $19.95

Mix Bookshelf, 1-800-233-9604 (US & Canada). Doesn't say who publishesit, and its terribly out-dated (1986), but they might have published

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another addition by now.

The MIDI System Exclusive Book by Steve De Furia and Joe Scacciaferra,Third Earth Productions, Pompton Lakesm N.J. Distributed by HalLeonard Books. Sorry no ISBN

The MIDI Resource Book. Same guys. ISBN 0-88188-587-8------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: MIDI programming for the Macintosh / Steve De Furia and JoeScacciaferro.

Publisher: Redwood City, CA : M&T Books, 1988.Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

Computer sound processing.Macintosh (Computer)--Programming.

ISBN: 1-55851-021-4 : $22.95ISBN: 1-55851-022-2 (book & disk) : $39.95ISBN: 1-55851-023-0 (disk) : $20.00

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: C Programming for MIDI / Jim Conger.

Publisher: Redwood City, Calif. : M&T Books, 1989.501 Galveston Drive Redwood City, CA 94063

Subjects: MIDI, C, sequencingThis book shows how to use the basic features of an MPU-401 interface.Includes a disk with MS-DOS code.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: MIDI sequencing in C / Jim Conger.Publisher: Redwood City, Calif. : M&T Books, 1989.

501 Galveston Drive Redwood City, CA 94063Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

C (Computer program language)Sequential processing (Computer science)

ISBN: 1-55851-045-1 (book) : $24.95ISBN: 1-55851-047-8 (disk) : $20.00ISBN: 1-55851-046-X (set) : $39.95

This book continues where the provious one lefts off.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: MIDI systems and control / Francis Rumsey.Publisher: London ; Boston : Focal Press, 1990.Subjects: MIDI (Standard)

Computer sound processing.ISBN: 0-240-51300-2 : $14.95 (U.S.)

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: MIDI, the ins, outs & thrus / by Jeff Rona ; edited by

Ronny S. Schiff.Publisher: Milwaukee, Wis. : H. Leonard Books, c1987.

Notes: "A complete guide to the understanding, use, and buying ofMIDI instruments"--Cover.

Subjects: MIDI (Standard)Computer sound processing.

ISBN: 0-88188-560-6 (pbk.) : $12.95------------------------------------------------------------------------Joseph Rothstein, _MIDI: A Comprehensive Introduction_------------------------------------------------------------------------

Microsoft Press put out a book on midi programming. Ithink that this is rather a weak book, but it might serveas an introduction for non-computer folk.

------------------------------------------------------------------------Several other books are out that were written by musicians.

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They are interesting as a intro to using midi, but containa dearth of info from my perspective. As a programmer, Ihave the wrong perspective to sort these out.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------Real Time MIDI performance interfaces

Dannenberg, "...computer accompaniment..." ICMC87, ICMC85(??)(maybe "Bloch and Dannenberg", don't have it handy)X. Chabot ??

------------------------------ SYNTHESIS ------------------------------

Title: Build a better music synthesizer / Thomas Henry.

Publication Info: Blue Ridge Summit, PA : Tab Books, c1987.Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)--Construction.6

ISBN: 0-8306-0255-0 : $17.95ISBN: 0-8306-2755-3 (pbk.) : $11.45-----------------------------------------------------------------------Musical Applications of MicroprocessorsHal Chamberlin

ISBN 0-8104-5773-31980, still in print.I have seen two editions: mine from the early 80's, and a hardbackthat my friend has from the late 80's. His has 68000 assemberfor an FFT routine.

Hayden Book Company, Inc.Hasbrouck Heights, NJRochelle Park, NJ

This covers analog and digital sound synthesis from an experimenter'sperspective, not much math, lots of algorithms and circuits. If you wantto solder and program in your garage and make lots of weird sounds, this is

the bible. Lots of BASIC programs, but they're very short, just todemonstrate algorithms. It's a few years old now and the electronicdevices used in the book are dated, but the explanations and principles arestill valid. It discusses things such as real time synthesis, play back ofstored soundwaves, sampling, running multiple D-As in parallel, softwarefor computing soundwaves (it even covers Fast Fourier Transforms) and more.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Computer music : synthesis, composition, and performance /Charles Dodge, Thomas A. Jerse.

Publisher: New York : Schirmer Books, c1985.Subjects: Computer music--Instruction and study.

Computer composition.ISBN: 0-02-873100-X

------------------------------------------------------------------------Moore, F. Richard. Elements of Computer Music. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall, 1990.$38.00 + $4.00 shipping UPS surfaceISBN: 0-13252-552-6Lots of stuff on software synthesis, and more, all centered around cmusic------------------------------------------------------------------------This book is very well "A syntesist's Guide to Acoustic Instruments"Amsco Publications,New York, 1987author: H.Massey

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I found the Howard Massey "Sysnthesists Guide to Acoustic Instruments"to be a pretty good book for general synthesizer knowledge, mostlybecause it doesn't try to explain the specifics of a synth..David [email protected] | ...!{uunet,mips}!sonyusa!dce------------------------------------------------------------------------Schottstaedt, Bill. "The Simulation of Natural Instrument Tones UsingFrequency Modulation with a Complex Modulating Wave." Computer Music

Journal 1, 4 (1977): 46-50.also in:Roads, Curtis and John Strawn, ed.The Foundations of Computer Music.Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985.------------------------------------------------------------------------J. Chowning"The Synthesis of Complex Audio Spectra by Means of FrequencyModulation"J. Audio Eng. Soc. 21, no. 7 (1973):526-534[This is the standard reference.]------------------------------------------------------------------------J. Chowning and D. Bristow"FM Theory and Applications by Musicians for Musicians"

Yamaha Music Foundation, Tokyo, 1986ISBN 4-636-17482-8[Could be difficult to find.]------------------------------------------------------------------------Marc LeBrun"A derivation of the Spectrum of FM with a Complex Modulating Wave."Computer Music Journal Volume 1, Number 4. 1977, pages 51-52.Also in Roads and Strawn, Foundations of Computer Music.------------------------------------------------------------------------Marc LeBrun"Digital Waveshaping Synthesis"Journal of the AES, 27(4), 1979: 250-266------------------------------------------------------------------------

J.A. Moorer"The synthesis of Complex Audio Spectra by Means of DiscreteSummation Formulae"Music Department, Stanford U., 1975 (Report no. STAN-M-5.)------------------------------------------------------------------------Moore, F. Richard. "Table Lookup Noise for Sinusoidal Digital Oscillators."

Computer Music Journal 1, 2 (1977): 26-29. Reprinted in Curtis Roads,ed. _Foundations of Computer Music_ (MIT Press, 1985).

------------------------------------------------------------------------Chareyron, J. "Digital Synthesis of Self-modifyingWaveforms by Means of Linear Automata", ComputerMusic Journal, Vol 14 No. 4, 1990.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The synthesizer / John Bates.Publisher: Oxford : Oxford University Press, Music Dept., 1988.Series Name: Oxford topics in musicSubjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)--Juvenile literature.

Musical instruments, Electronic--Juvenile literature.Computer music--History and criticism--Juvenile literature.Synthesizer (Musical instrument)Musical instruments, Electronic.Computer music--History and criticism.

ISBN: 0-19-321337-0------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Title: The synthesizer and electronic keyboard handbook / DavidCrombie ; [foreword by Thomas Dolby].

Publisher: New York, N.Y. : Knopf : Distributed by Random House, 1984.Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)--Instruction and study.

Electronic keyboard (Synthesizer)ISBN: 0-394-72711-8 (pbk.) : $13.95ISBN: 0-394-54084-0 : $25.00

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Synthesizer basics / by Dean Friedman.Publisher: New York : Amsco Publications : Exclusive distributor,

Music Sales Corp., c1986.Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)

ISBN: 0-8256-2409-6 (pbk.)------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Synthesizer basics / by the editors of Keyboard magazine.Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : H. Leonard Pub. Corp., c1984.Series Name: The Keyboard synthesizer library ; v. 1Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)--Instruction and study.

Electronic music--Instruction and study.ISBN: 0-88188-289-5 (pbk.) : $8.95

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Synthesizer basics / edited by Brent Hurtig from the pagesof Keyboard magazine. (rev. ed)

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : H. Leonard Books, c1988.Series Name: The Keyboard magazine basic library

Notes: Cover subtitle: The musician's reference for creating,performing, and recording electronic music.

Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)--Instruction and study.Electronic music--Instruction and study.

ISBN: 0-88188-714-5 (pbk.) : $12.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Synthesizer orchestration : a creative approach for thearranger and synthesist includes cassette recording ofmusical examples / by Steve Quinzi.

Publisher: Miami Fla. : Studio 224, c1987.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Synthesizer programming / edited by Dominic Milano ; by theeditors of Keyboard magazine.

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : Hal Leonard Books, c1987.Series Name: Keyboard synthesizer librarySubjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)

ISBN: 0-88188-550-9 (pbk.)------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Synthesizer technique / by the editors of Keyboardmagazine.

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : H. Leonard Books, c1987.Series Name: The Keyboard synthesizer library

Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)ISBN: 0-88188-715-3 (pbk.) : $12.95

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Casio FZ-1 & FZ-10M digital sampling synthesizer : the

essential guide to practical applications / JoeScacciaferro, Steve DeFuria.

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI, USA : Hal Leonard Books, c1988.Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)

ISBN: 0-88188-967-9 : $14.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Title: Synthesizermusik und Live-Elektronik : geschichtliche,technologische, kompositorische und padagogische Aspekteder elektronischen Musik / Gunther Batel, Dieter Salbert.

Publisher: Wolfenbuttel : Moseler, c1985.Subjects: Electronic music--Instruction and study.

Computer music--Instruction and study.Synthesizer (Musical instrument)

ISBN: 3-7877-3534-8

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Synthesizers and computers / by the editors of Keyboard

magazine.Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : H. Leonard Pub. Corp., c1985.Series Name: The Keyboard synthesizer library ; v. 3

Notes: Contributions by Bob Moog and others.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Synthesizers and computers / edited by Brent Hurtig.Publisher: Milwaukee, Wis. : H. Leonard Pub. Corp., c1987.Series Name: Keyboard magazine basic librarySubjects: Computer music--Instruction and study.

Synthesizer (Musical instrument)MIDI (Standard)

ISBN: 0-88188-716-1 (pbk.) : $12.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Electronic music: a handbook of sound synthesis & control[by] M. L. Eaton.

Publisher: [Kansas City, Mo., ORCUS, 1969]Series Name: ORCUS technical publication, TP-3003Subjects: Electro-acoustics.

Electronic music--Instruction and study.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Electronic music circuits / by Barry Klein.Publisher: Indianapolis, Ind. : H.W. Sams, c1982.Series Name: Blacksburg continuing education seriesSubjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)--Construction.

Electronic circuits.ISBN: 0-672-21833-X (pbk.) : $16.95

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Electronic music synthesizers / by Delton T. Horn.

Publisher: Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. : Tab Books, c1980.Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)

ISBN: 0-8306-9722-5 : $9.95ISBN: 0-8306-1167-3 (pbk.) : $5.95

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Electronic music technology / NRI.

Publisher: Washington, D.C. : McGraw-Hill Continuing Education Center,c1988.

Subjects: Oscillators, Electric--Programmed instruction.

Musical instruments, Electronic--Programmed instruction.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Author: Kettelkamp, Larry.Title: Electronic musical instruments : what they do, how they

work / Larry Kettelkamp ; foreword by Herbert Deutsch.Publisher: New York : W. Morrow, 1984.

Notes: Explains the principles of electronic music, discusses theuses of such electronic instruments as oscillators,synthesizers, electronic organs, and sound processors, andgives advice on performing and recording electronic music.

Subjects: Musical instruments, Electronic.

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Musical instruments, Electronic.Electronic music.

ISBN: 0-688-02781-4------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The Art of electronic music / compiled by Tom Darter ;edited by Greg Armbruster.

Publisher: New York : Quill, c1984.Notes: "...Edited from material originally published in Keyboard

magazine from 1975 to 1983"--T.p. verso.Subjects: Electronic music--History and criticism.

Musical instruments, Electronic.Synthesizer (Musical instrument)Musicians--Interviews.

ISBN: 0-688-03106-4 (pbk.) : $15.95ISBN: 0-688-03105-6

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: The liberation of sound : an introduction to electronic

music / by Herbert Russcol ; new introduction by OttoLuening ; preface by Jacques Barzun.

Publisher: New York : Da Capo Press, 1994.

Series : Da Capo Press music reprint seriesNotes: Reprint. Originally published: Englewood Cliffs, N.J. :

Subjects: Electronic music--History and criticism.ISBN: 0-306-76263-3 : $35.00

-------------------------- MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS -------------------------

Moorer, James A. and Grey, John: "Lexicon of Analyzed Tones";Computer Music Journal, volume 1 Number 2, volume 1 number 3,volume 2 number 2, volume 2 number 3, and continuing

The first installment of the lexicon was an analysis of a violin tone.The second analyzed Clarinet and Oboe tones, and the third presented an

analysis of a trumpet tone.

These analyses included spectral plots (time versus amplitude for the first21 partials), spectrographic plots (frequency versus amplitude), and amplitudeand frequency versus time plots for the first sixteen partials. Additionalinformation is given about formants of the instruments and the analysisand resynthesis methods which the authors used (The analysis was done witha Heterodyne Filter algorithm). While the authors claim that the toneswere resynthesized and were nearly indistinguishable from the originals, theyARE only single, specific notes played on a specific example of the originalinstrument, so, while they would be a good starting point for re-synthesis ofan instrument, they are by no means sufficient.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The acoustical foundations of music / John Backus.Edition: 2d ed.

Publisher: New York : Norton, c1977.Subjects: Music--Acoustics and physics.

ISBN: 0-393-09096-5 : $10.95------------------------------------------------------------------------Author : Douglas, AlanTitle : Electronic Musical Instrument ManualPublished: 1961 (sorry no more info available)

------------------------------ COMPOSITION -----------------------------

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Title: Electronic music composition for beginners / Robert TrainAdams.

Publisher: Dubuque, Iowa : Wm. C. Brown, c1986.Subjects: Electronic composition.

ISBN: 0-697-00457-0 (pbk.)

--------------------------- COMPUTER MUSIC ----------------------------

Languages for Computer Music/Real Time ControlMathews (The Music "N" languages) (No reference handy)Dannenberg et al, "Arctic...", CMJ 10(4)Dannenberg "Canon", CMJ???, "Fugue" ICMC89

------------------------------------------------------------------------TITLE: The music machine : selected readings from "Computer music journal" /

ed. by Curtis RoadsIMPRINT: Cambridge, Masschusetts, [etc.] : MIT Press, 1989 * XIV, 725 p. :

ill. ; 26 cmNAMES: Roads, CurtisISBN: 0-262-18131-2 m---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TITLE: Informatique et musique : session musicologique de l'Internationalcomputer music conference organisee par l'equipe ERATTO [a] Paris,IRCAM, 24 octobre 1984 / [textes reunis et presentes par HeleneCharnasse]

IMPRINT: Ivry-sur-Seine : Elmeratto, 1988 * 145 p. ; 30 cmSERIES: Publications ElmerattoNAMES: Charnasse, Helene * (1984 ; Parijs)ISBN: 2-902671-07-5 m----------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTHOR: Manning, PeterTITLE: Electronic and computer music / [by] Peter ManningEDITION: Repr.IMPRINT: Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1988 * VI, 292 p. : ill. ; 22 cm

ISBN: 0-19-311923-4 m p * 0-19-311918-8 v-----------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTHOR: Davis, Deta S.TITLE: Computer applications in music : a bibliography / [by] Deta S. DavisIMPRINT: Madison, Wisconsin : A-R Editions, 1988 * XVIII, 537 p. ; 24 cmSERIES: The computer music and digital audio series ; vol. 4ISBN: 0-89579-225-7 $49.95-----------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTHOR: Bartle, Barton K.TITLE: Computer software in music and music education : a guide / by Barton

K. BartleIMPRINT: Metuchen, N.J., [etc.] : Scarecrow Press, 1987 * XIV, 252 p. ; 22 cmISBN: 0-8108-2056-0 m

------------------------------------------------------------------------------TITLE: Foundations of computer music / ed. by Curtis Roads [and] John StrawnEDITION: 3rd print.IMPRINT: Cambridge, Massachusetts, [etc.] : MIT Press, 1987 * XX, 712 p. ; 23

cmNAMES: Roads, Curtis * Strawn, JohnISBN: 0-262-68051-3 m * 0-262-18114-2 v-----------------------------------------------------------------------------TITLE: Computer music / [ed.-in-chief: Anthony I. Wasserman]IMPRINT: New York : ACM, 1985 * 120 p. : ill. ; 26 cmSERIES: Computing surveys ; vol. 17, nr. 2. 0360-0300

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NAMES: Wasserman, Anthony I.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Computer Music Association source book : activities andresources in computer music / compiled and edited by CraigR. Harris and Stephen T. Pope.

Publisher: [San Francisco, CA, USA] (P.O. Box 1634, San Francisco94101-1634) : The Association, c1987.

Subjects: Computer Music Association--Directories.

Computer music--Directories.Computer music--History and criticism--Bibliography.

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Computers and musical style / David Cope.

Publisher: Madison, Wis. : A-R Editions, c1991.Series: The Computer music and digital audio series ; v. 6

Subjects: Computer composition.ISBN: 0-89579-256-7 (hardcover)

The book includes (LISP) source code to significant parts of his EMIsystem (Experiments in Musical Intelligence). For the non-technical readerthere is a brief introduction to LISP programming. There are numerousexamples of programs applied to examples from musical literature, (Bach,

Mozart, Schubert, Stravinsky and many others). The program produces ananalysis of the regularities in two or more pieces of the same style anduses these as "signiatures" to generate a new piece in that style. Cope'smethodology is derived from a mixture of classical AI (or rule based)models and linguistic grammars (Augmented Transition Network).

The results are interesting and can be remarkable. But I have to add thatthere are significant problems with the methods. The system seems good atcapturing very local phenomena, (such as cadence formulae), but isill-conditioned for capturing more global aspects of musical structure(such as melodic coherence, harmonic interest, &c). These problems havebeen acknowledged by the author but I think they are unsolvable in thecurrent working paradigm.

Michael Casey ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: New music composition / David Cope.Publisher: New York : Schirmer Books, c1977.Subjects: Composition (Music)

ISBN: 0-02-870630-7------------------------------------------------------------------------Ames, C. 1982, Protocol: Motivation, Design and Production of aComposition for Solo Piano, "Interface", 2:11.

Cope, D., 1987, An Expert System for Computer-Assisted Composition,"Computer Music Journal", 11:4.

Loy, G., 1985, Programming with Computers- a Survey of SomeCompositional Formalisms and Music Programming Languages, in "CurrentDirections in Computer Music Research", ed. Max Matthews and JohnPierce, Cambridge: MIT press.

Loy, G. 1991, Connectionism and Musiconomy, "International ComputerMusic Conference Proceedings", CMA, 1991.

Schottstaedt, W., 1989, Automatic Counterpoint, in "Current Directionsin Computer Music Research", ed. Max Matthews and John Pierce,Cambridge: MIT press.

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Todd, P., 1989, A Connectionist Approach to Algorithmic Composition,"Computer Music Journal", 13:4.

Winograd, T., 1968, Linguistics and the Computer Analysis of TonalHarmony, "Journal of Music Theory", 12:1

------------------------------------------------------------------------

BOOK ANNOUNCEMENT:

MUSIC AND CONNECTIONISMedited by

Peter M. Todd and D. Gareth Loy

MUSIC AND CONNECTIONISM is now available from MIT Press. This 280-pp. bookcontains a wide variety of recent research in the applications of neuralnetworks and other connectionist methods to the problems of musical listeningand understanding, performance, composition, and aesthetics. It consists of acore of articles that originally appeared in the Computer Music Journal, alongwith several new articles by Kohonen, Mozer, Bharucha, and others, and new

addenda to the original articles describing the authors' most recent work.Topics covered range from models of psychological processing of pitches,chords, and melodies, to algorithmic composition and performance factors. Awide variety of connectionist models are employed as well, includingback-propagation in time, Kohonen feature maps, ART networks, and Jordan- andElman-style networks. We've also included a discussion generated by theComputer Music Journal articles on the use and place of connectionist systemsin artistic endeavors. A more detailed description of the book is providedbelow (from the jacket text), along with the complete table of contents.

MUSIC AND CONNECTIONISM can be found in bookstores that carry MIT Presspublications, or can be purchased directly from MIT Press by calling theirtoll-free order number, 1-800-356-0343, and giving the operator this catalog

number: 1CSAT 503, and this book code: TODMH. By phone and mail-order, theprice is $39.95; in stores, it will probably be $45 (there is some confusionwith the publisher on this point, so I wanted to give out the detailedinformation for phone orders to save people some money).******************************************************************************

Music and Connectionismedited by Peter M. Todd and D. Gareth Loy

As one of our highest expressions of thought and creativity, music has alwaysbeen a difficult realm to capture, model, and understand. The connectionistparadigm, now beginning to provide insights into many realms of humanbehavior, offers a new and unified viewpoint from which to investigate thesubtleties of musical experience. Music and Connectionism provides a

fresh approach to both fields, using techniques of connectionism and paralleldistributed processing to look at a wide range of topics in music research,from pitch perception to chord fingering to composition.

The contributors, leading researchers in both music psychology and neuralnetworks, address the challenges and opportunities of musical applications ofnetwork models. The result is a current and thorough survey that advances ourunderstanding of musical perception, cognition, composition, and performanceand of the design and analysis of networks.

Music and Connectionism is based on a core of articles originally appearing as

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two special issues of the Computer Music Journal. These have been augmentedwith addenda covering more recent research by the authors. The book openswith tutorial chapters introducing neural networks in a musical context andrelevant aspects of previous computer music research, making this aself-contained text. There are many new chapters, along with new sectionintroductions, summaries of related work, and a final debate on the artisticimplications of connectionist methods.

Peter M. Todd is a doctoral candidate in the PDP Research Group of thePsychology Department at Stanford University. Gareth Loy DMA is anaward-winning composer, member of the Board of Directors of the Computer MusicAssociation, lecturer in the Music Department of UC San Diego, and member ofthe technical staff of Frox Inc.

Contents:

Preface and IntroductionPeter M. Todd and D. Gareth Loy

Part 1: BackgroundMachine Tongues XII: Neural Networks

Mark DolsonConnectionism and Musiconomy

D. Gareth Loy

Part 2: Perception and CognitionA Neural Net Model for Pitch Perception

Hajime Sano and B. Keith JenkinsConnectionist Models for Tonal Analysis

Don L. Scarborough, Ben O. Miller, and Jacqueline A. JonesThe Representation of Pitch in a Neural Net Model of Chord Classificatio

nBernice Laden and Douglas H. Keefe

Pitch, Harmony, and Neural Nets: A Psychological Perspective

Jamshed J. BharuchaThe Ontogenesis of Tonal Semantics: Results of a Computer Study

Marc LemanModeling the Perception of Tonal Structure with Neural Nets

Jamshed J. Bharucha and Peter M. ToddUsing Connectionist Models to Explore Complex Musical Patterns

Robert O. GjerdingenThe Quantization of Musical Time: A Connectionist Approach

Peter Desain and Henkjan Honing

Part 3: ApplicationsA Connectionist Approach to Algorithmic Composition

Peter M. Todd

Connectionist Music Composition Based on Melodic, Stylistic, andPsychophysical Constraints

Michael C. MozerCreation By Refinement and the Problem of Algorithmic Music Composition

J.P. LewisA Nonheuristic Automatic Composing Method

Teuvo Kohonen, Pauli Laine, Kalev Tiits, and Kari TorkkolaFingering for String Instruments with the Optimum Path Paradigm

Samir I. Sayegh

Part 4: Conclusions

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Letter from Otto LaskeResponses to Laske by Todd and LoyFurther Research and Directions

Peter M. Todd

List of Author Addresses

------------------------------------------------------------------------

BOOK ANNONNCEMENT

Representations of Musical Signalsedited by Giovanni De Poli, Aldo Piccialli, and Curtis RoadsPublished by MIT Press, 1991ISBN 0-262-04113-8, 478 pages, hardcover, US$ 50.00

Representations of Musical Signals describes a new generation of digitalaudio and computer music systems made possible by recent advances indigital signal processing theory, hardware design, and programmingtechniques. It explores new representations of musical signals that canhave profund effects on the way musicians conceive of and realize musical

ideas. In particular, the book focuses on models that combine time-domainand frequency-domain representations (grains, wavelets, and physicalmodels), visual programming and advanced user interfaces, and thatincorporate musical knowledge using artificial intelligence techniques andadaptive neural networks. The 14 contributions take up issues of howmusical signals should be displayed to musicians, engineers, and scientistswho want to work with them, how professionals can work with therepresentations to accomplish musical tasks, how systems can be designed topermit working with multiple views of the same signal, and how representa-tions of musical signals should be organized to promote efficientcommunication between devices using these signals.

Representations of Musical Signals is aimed at the expanding group of

musicians, engineers, and scientists who are interested in innovativeapproache to digital audio and computer music. We expect that this bookwill be useful in undergraduate and graduate courses in computer music,musical acoustics, and digital audio signal processing.

Giovanni De Poli is a member of the faculty of the Department ofElectronics and Informatics at the University of Padua. Aldo Piccialli isa member of the faculty of the Department of Physics at the University ofNaples. Curtis Roads is a composer and consulting editor of Computer MusicJournal.

INDEX

Contributors xiPreface xiii

I TIME-FREQUENCY REPRESENTATIONS OFMUSICAL SIGNALS 1

Overview 3A. Piccialli

1 Timbre Analysis by Synthesis: Representations,limitations, and Variants for Musical

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Composition 7J.C. Risset

2 Application of Time-Frequency and Time-ScaleMethods (Wavelet Transforms) to the Analysis,Synthesis, and Transformation of NaturalSounds 45R. Kronland-Martinet and A. Grossman

3 Analysis, Transformation, and Resynthesis ofMusical Sounds with the Help of a Time-FrequencyRepresentation 87D. Arfib

4 Wavelet Transforms that We Can Play 119G. Evangelista

II GRANULAR REPRESENTATIONS OF MUSICAL SIGNALS 137

Overview 139G. De Poli

5 Asynchronous Granular Synthesis 143C. Roads

6 Pitch-Synchronous Granular Synthesis 187G. De Poli and A. Piccialli

III PHYSICAL MODEL REPRESENTATIONS OF MUSICAL SIGNALS 221

Overview 223G. De Poli

7 The Physical Model: Modeling and Simulating the

Instrumental Universe 227J. Florens and C. Cadoz

8 The Missing Link: Modal Synthesis 269J.-M. Adrien

9 Synthesizing Singing 299J. Sundberg

IV ARCHITECTURES AND OBJECT REPRESENTATIONS OFMUSICAL SIGNALS 321

Overview 323

C. Roads

10 Music, Signals, and Representations: A Survey 325uy Garnett

11 An Object-based Representation for DigitalAudio Signals 371

12 New Generation Architectures for Music andSound Processing 391S. Cavaliere

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V PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING REPRESENTATIONSOF MUSICAL SIGNALS 413

Overview 415A. Piccialli

13 Understanding Music Cognition: A Connectionist View 417

C. Lischka

14 Qualitative Aspects of Signal Processing ThroughDynamic Neural Networks 447R. D'Autilia and F. Guerra

Name Index 463Subject Index 467

------------------------------------------------------------------------Date: Tue, 4 Aug 92 11:16 METFrom: [email protected]: New book on Computer Music, Music Cognition and AI

NEW BOOK ON COMPUTER MUSIC, MUSIC COGNITION AND AI

The research presented in "Music, Mind and Machine: Studies in ComputerMusic, Music Cognition and Artificial Intelligence" by Peter Desain andHenkjan Honing finds its basis in the fields of musicology, psychology andcomputer science. Nowadays each of these domains is linked to the other invarious research disciplines. In computer music, ways to design machines tomake music are explored. In music cognition, mental processes that perceiveand apprehend music are investigated. In artificial intelligence the mind isapproached as a machine - and machines are built to learn more about themind.

The articles collected in this volume focus on the perception and

representation of musical time and temporal structure, commonly identifiedas a research area crucial to the understanding of the complex processes thatenable us to enjoy and perform music. Most of the theories are illustratedwith small concrete computer programs. As such it could serve as a text bookfor courses in the field of computer music and music cognition.

Peter Desain and Henkjan Honing have collaborated for the last seven yearsat the City University, London and the Centre for Knowledge Technology,Utrecht. They combine their different backgrounds in computer science,psychology, and music, and share a fascination with the computationalmodelling approach to music perception and performance. Peter Desaincurrently works on rhythm perception at the University of Nijmegen,Henkjan Honing does research on the formalisation of musical knowledge at

the University of Amsterdam.

CONTENTSI Overview

IntroductionTempo curves considered harmful

II PerceptionThe quantization problem: traditional and connectionist approachesQuantization of musical time: a connectionist approachA connectionist and a traditional AI quantizer, symbolic versus

sub-symbolic models of rhythm perception

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A (de)composable theory of rhythm perceptionAutocorrelation and the study of musical expression

III RepresentationIssues in the representation of time and structure in musicTime functions function best as functions of multiple timesTowards a calculus for expressive timing in music

IV MethodologyLisp as a second language: functional aspects

Parsing the Parser, a case study in programming styleLOCO: a composition microworld in logoPOCO: an environment for analysing, modifying, and

generating expression in music

ORDERING INFORMATION"Music, Mind and Machine" by Peter Desain and Henkjan Honing.ISBN 90 5170 149 7, 330 pp., paperback, price US$ 25/Dfl. 45/Bfr. 900. Allmajor credits cards accepted. Postage and handling will be chargedadditionally. It is available from:

Thesis Publishers, PO Box 14791,

1001 LG Amsterdam, the NetherlandsTel. (31) 20 - 62 55 429/Fax (31) 20 - 62 03 395ori.d.b., Ltd., 24 Hudson Street, Kinderhook, NY 12106Tel. Toll free 1 800 343 3531 or (518) 758 1411Fax (518) 758 1959------------------------------------------------------------------------From: [email protected] (Robert Rowe)Subject: Book Announcement: Interactive Music SystemsDate: 28 Oct 92 21:43:55 GMT

Interactive Music SystemsMachine Listening and Composing

Robert Rowe

For the growing number of professionals in computer music -- composers,performers, and teachers -- who are looking for more from the computermusic systems that are now available, _Interactive Music Systems_ providesthe first comprehensive survey and evaluation of new computer programs thatcan analyze and compose music in live performance.

Although Rowe focuses primarily on musical motivations and possibilities ofinteractive systems, he also takes up such practical considerations as howto build, analyze, and extend these systems, and he looks at the impact ofmusic theory, music cognition, and artificial intelligence on the design ofinteractive systems and on ensemble performance. He describes in detail

both the theory and practice of his own real-time interactive musicprogram, Cypher, and further illustrates basic concepts and characteristicissues using the graphic MIDI programming environment Max.

In a concluding chapter, Rowe assesses developments in hardware andsoftware with implications for the evolution of interactive systems,including their implementation in multiple-processor environments, theimpact of real-time digital signal processing, and extended prospects forsensing performance gesture.

Interactive Music Systems CD-ROM This supplement to Interactive Music

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Systems contains audio and program examples that document a variety ofsystems and the music they produce. An extensive library of Macintoshsoftware allows the user to experiment with or adapt existing interactivesystems. Some parts of the library require the presence of underlyingsoftware environments, such as SmallTalk, LISP, or Opcode's Max language.The program discussed most extensively in the text, Robert Rowe's Cypher,will run on any Macintosh computer with no additional software required.

Both the book ($35) and the CD-ROM ($19.95) can be ordered from The MITPress/55 Hayward Street/Cambridge, MA 02142/ USA------------------------------------------------------------------------Date: Sat, 25 Jul 92 10:42:21 -0400From: [email protected] (Otto Laske)Subject: Understanding Music with AI

Dear Colleagues,UMAI, "Understanding Music with AI" has appeared at the

AAAI Press, distributed by The MIT Press. Its ISBN is 0-262-52170-9Ballup. It has a foreword by Marvin Minsky, and comprises 21chapters on music cognition and cognitive musicology.

Otto Laske

------------------------------------------------------------------------Machine Models of Music>From Minsky to Mozartedited by Stephan Schwanauer and David LevittCambridge: MIT Press, 1993ISBN 0-262-19319-1 $45

Machine Models of Music brings together representative models ranging fromMozart's "Musical Dice Game" to a classical article by Marvin Minksy andcurrent research to illustrate the rich impact that artificial intelligencehas had on the understanding and composition of traditional music and todemonstrate the ways in which music can push the boundaries of traditional AIresearch.

The authors include prominent figures in linguistics (Johan Sundberg,Ray Jackendoff), computer science and AI (Fred Brooks, Marvin Minsky,Terry Winograd, Herbert Simon, Peter Neumann), music theory (AllenForte), composition (Fred Lerdahl, Charles Ames), psychoacoustics(Christopher Longuet-Higgins, Jamshed Bharucha), and the odd middleground of "computer music" (James Moorer, Hiller and Isaacson).

------------------------------ MAGAZINES ------------------------------

Title: Electronic musician.Publisher: [Oklahoma City, OK : Polyphony Pub. Co., c1985-Subjects: Electronic music--Periodicals.

Previous Title: Polyphony 0163-4534 (DLC)sn 78002183 (OCoLC)4380626ISSN: 0884-4720

Internet: [email protected] or emeditorial@pan.com------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Keyboard.Publisher: [Tunbridge Wells, Kent, Music Industry Publications]Subjects: Keyboard instruments--Periodicals.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Keyboard.Publisher: [Cupertino, Calif. : GPI Publications], c1981-Publisher: Vol. 7, no. 7 (July 1981)-

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Previous Title: Contemporary keyboard 0361-5820 (DLC) 76641315(OCoLC)2246955

ISSN: 0730-0158------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Computer music journalIMPR.: Cambridge, MAISBN: 0148-9267

---------------------- DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING ----------------------

"Discrete-Time Signal Processing"Allan V. Oppenheim, Ronald W. SchaferEnglewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall, 1989SERIES: Prentice Hall signal processing seriesISBN: 0-13-216771-9------------------------------------------------------------------------------C LANGUAGE ALGORITHMS FOR DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSINGPaul M. Embree and Bruce KimblePrentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1990xvi + 456 pp. + diskette. Price $44.00, 480pp.ISBN 13-133406-9

The book includes introductory chapters into DSP, programming tips forstyle and efficiency, chapters on filtering, FFT, image processing.All code in the text is included on the diskette (MS-DOS).--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Introductory Digital Signal Processingwith Computer Applicationsby Paul A. Lynn & Wolfgang FuerstPublisher: John Wiley & SonsCopyright 1989, latest reprint January 1992ISBN 0-471-91564-5------------------------------------------------------------------------------

First Principles of Discrete Systems and Digital Signal Processingby Robert D. Strum and Donald E. KirkISBN: 0-201-09518-1Addison-Wesley 1988------------------------------------------------------------------------------"PC-DSP" by Oktay Alkin (Prentice-Hall1990, ISBN 0-13-655200-5). This book is essentially a user's manualfor the accompanying software package.

Here is an interactive software package for performing common digitalsignal processing design and analysis calculations quickly and easily.Within PC-DSP's menu-driven environment, you can generate, analyze, andprocess data without needing to remember command syntax.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Digital processing of signals / Bernard Gold and Charles M.

Rader, with chapters by Alan V. Oppenheim and Thomas G.Stockham, Jr.

Publ: Malabar, Fla. : Krieger, 1983, c1969.Notes: Reprint. Originally published: New York : McGraw-Hill,

1969. (Lincoln Laboratory publications)Subjects: Signal processing--Digital techniques.

ISBN: 0-89874-548-9------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: An introduction to digital signal processing / John H. Karl.

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Publ: San Diego : Academic Press, c1989.Subjects: Signal processing--Digital techniques.

ISBN: 0-12-398420-3------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Multirate digital signal processing / Ronald E. Crochiere,Lawrence R. Rabiner.

Publ: Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice-Hall, c1983.Series: Prentice-Hall signal processing series

ISBN: 0-13-605162-6----------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTH: MacNally, G. W.Title: Digital audio : recursive digital filtering for high quality audio

signals / [by] G. W. McNallyIMPR.: [S.l.] : Research Department, Engineering Division, The Brithish

Broadcasting Corporation, 1981 * IV, 29 p. ; 30 cm-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Numerical recipes in C : the art of scientific computing / [by]

William H. Press, Brian P. Flannery, Saul A. Teukolsky [and] WilliamT. Vetterling

IMPR.: Cambridge [etc.] : Cambridge U.P., 1988 * 2 dl. ; 25 cmISBN: 0-521-35465-X m * 0-521-35746-2 m

------------------------------------------------------------------------Blesser, Barry and J. Kates. "Digital Processing in Audio Signals." In A. V.Oppenheim, ed. Applications of Digital Signal Processing. Englewood Cliffs,NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1978.------------------------------------------------------------------------Digital Signal Processing Committee of IEEE Acoustics, Speech, and SignalProcessing Society, ed. Programs for Digital Signal Processing. New York:IEEE Press, 1979.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Digital audio engineering : an anthology / John Strawn,editor ; with contributions by James F. McGill ... [et al.].

Publisher: Los Altos, Calif. : W. Kaufmann, c1985.Series: The Computer music and digital audio series

Subjects: Sound--Recording and reproducing--Digital techniques.Subjects: Synthesizer (Musical instrument)

ISBN: 0-86576-087-X------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Digital audio signal processing : an anthology / JohnStrawn, editor ; with contributions by F. Richard Moore... [et al.].

Publisher: Los Altos, Calif. : W. Kaufmann, c1985.Series: The Computer music and digital audio series

Subjects: Electronic music--Instruction and study.Subjects: Signal processing--Digital techniques.

ISBN: 0-86576-082-9

I called the publisher (W. Kaufmann) about _Digital Audio SignalProcessing_ and they referred me to A-R Editions, who shipped the bookthe next day! I had it in my grasp in well under a week, via UPS surface.The shipping charge was $2.50 if I recall correctly.

A-R Editions801 Deming WayMadison, Wisconsin 53717608-836-9000 (They accept VISA orders)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------"Interpolation and Decimation of Digital Signals - A Tutorial Review"

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by Ronald E. Crochiere and Lawrence R. Rabiner.This paper is in Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 69, No. 3, 1981, pp.300-331.

------------------------------ OTHER ------------------------------

Computing in Musicology: A Directory of Research

ed. Walter B. Hewlett and Eleanor Selfridge-Field

Center for Computer Assisted Research in the Humanities525 Middlefield Road, Suite 120Menlo Park, CA 94025(415) 322-7050XB.L36@stanford.bitnet-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tuning In - Microtonality in Electronic Music, Scott R.Wilkinson. 1988. Hal Leonard Books. ISBN 0-88188-633-5.

Contents:1. Music, Mathematics and Microtuning

2. Acoustics and Psychoacoustics3. The History of Tuning and Temperament4. Using Tunings5. Alternate Tunings and Scales6. Tuning Electronic Instruments

Foreword by Wendy Carlos. Bibliography, discography, etc.Includes details on tuning such instruments as DX7, EPS, etc.

Hal Leonard Books8112 W. Bluemound RoadMilwaukee, WI 53213$14.95

120 pgs., illustrated------------------------------------------------------------------------------The Well-Tempered Object

Musical Applications of Object-Oriented Software Technology

A Structured Anthology on Software Science and Systemsbased on Articles from Computer Music Journal 1980-89

Compiled and edited by Stephen Travis PopePublished by MIT Press, 1991

The Well-Tempered Object is based on a collection of articlesthat appeared in Computer Music Journal over the space of ten years

relating to the application of object-oriented (OO) softwaretechnology--the most important new software engineering technologyof the 1980s--to various musical applications. It consists ofarticles from Computer Music Journal 4(4), 8(5), 10(4) and 13(2)along with new chapters and updates to the original texts asaddenda. The authors describe the application of OO technology toa wide range of areas of computer music and digital audio signalprocessing including music representation and composition, real-time performance, and digital signal processing (DSP). A number ofpopular OO programming languages are represented, including Lisp,Smalltalk-80, and ObjectiveC.

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===============Keywords/Topics===============Music software, object-oriented programming, object-orientedsoftware design, music representation, composition andperformance, graphical user interfaces, DSP programming, singleand multiple inheritance, Actors, OO user interface systems.

Flavors Band, FORMES, Kyma, Platypus, SoundKit, MusicKit, MODE,HyperScore ToolKit, CreationStation, Javelina, VDSP, TTrees,Nutation.

NeXT, Macintosh, Sun SPARCstation, LISP, Smalltalk-76 & -80,ObjectiveC, ACT-1, and DSP languages.

Language and methodology introductions, tool and applicationreports, extensive bibliographies, tutorials on OO programmingand OO design.

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Outline=======

IntroductionPart 1--OO Machine TonguesPart 2--Languages and SystemsPart 3--OO DSP Tools and SystemsAuthor Contact Addresses

=================Table of Contents=================Introduction--Stephen Travis Pope

Part 1: Tutorials and Technology--------------------------------

Machine Tongues VIII: The Design of a Smalltalk Music System--Glenn Krasner

Machine Tongues IX: Object-Oriented Programming--Henry Lieberman

Machine Tongues XI: Object-Oriented Software Design--StephenTravis Pope

Part 2: Music Representation and Processing Tools-------------------------------------------------

Flavors Band: A Language for Specifying Musical Style--C. Fry

FORMES: Composition and Scheduling of Processes--Xavier Rodet andPierre Cointe

Introduction to MODE: The Musical Object Development Environment--Stephen Travis Pope

An Overview of the Sound and Music Kits for the NeXT Computer--David Jaffe and Lee Boynton

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Addendum: Sound and Music Kits Version 1.0

Part 3: Composition Systems---------------------------

The Kyma/Platypus Computer Music Workstation--Carla ScalettiAddendum: A Kyma Update

An Introduction to the Creation Station--Henry FlurryAddendum: An Update on the Creation Station

TTrees: A Tool for the Compositional Environment--Glendon DienerAddendum: A Hierarchical Approach to Music Notation

Part 4: Signal Processing Systems---------------------------------

Javelina: An Environment for Digital Signal Processor SoftwareDevelopment--Kurt J. HebelAddendum: Filter Design and Optimization Examples

Virtual Digital Signal Processing in an Object-Oriented System--David K. Mellinger, G. E. Garnett and Bernard Mont-Reynaud

Addresses of Authors

=======Details=======Compiled and Edited by Stephen Travis Pope (Editor of ComputerMusic Journal)

ISBN 0-262-16126-5, 200 pages, hardcover, US$ 30.00

Available from:MIT Press, 55 Hayward St., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 USACall (617) 625-8569 to order--------------------------------------------------------------------------------TITLE: The language of electroacoustic music / ed. by Simon EmmersonIMPRINT: Basingstoke [etc.] : MacMillan Press, 1986 * VIII, 231 p. ; 24 cmNAMES: Emmerson, SimonISBN: 0-333-39759-2 m * 0-333-39760-6 v p------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Composers and the computer / Curtis Roads, editor.Publisher: Los Altos, Calif. : W. Kaufmann, c1985.

Series: The Computer music and digital audio seriesSubjects: Computer music--History and criticism.Subjects: Computer composition.

ISBN: 0-86576-085-3------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Principles of digital audio / Ken C. Pohlmann.Publisher: Indianapolis, Ind., USA : H.W. Sams, 1989.

Series: Howard W. Sams & Company audio librarySubjects: sampling, quantizing, CD-I, DAT.

ISBN: 0-672-22634-0 : $29.95, 474pp.------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Title: Advanced digital audio / Ken Pohlmann, editor-in-chief.Publisher: Carmel, Ind., USA : Howard W. SAMS, c1991.Subjects: Sound--Recording and reproducing--Digital techniques, DSP, HDTV.

ISBN: 0-672-22768-1, 500pp.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Handbook for Sound Engineers, The New Audio Encyclopedia /Glen M. Ballou, editor-in-chief

Publisher: Carmel, Ind., USA : Howard W. SAMS, c1991.

Subjects: MIDI, sound, compact disks, sound system designISBN: 0-672-22752-2, 1500pp.

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Modern Recording Techniques, 3rd ed. / D. M. Huber & R. A. Runstein

Publisher: Carmel, Ind., USA : Howard W. SAMS,Subjects: digital audio, recording

ISBN: 0-672-22682-0, 400pp.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Sound recording Handbook / John W. WoramPublisher: Carmel, Ind., USA : Howard W. SAMS,Subjects: sound effects, noise reduction, SMPTE

ISBN: 0-672-22583-2, 600pp.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The compact disc : a handbook of theory and use / Ken C.Pohlmann.

Series: The Computer music and digital audio series ; v. 5Subjects: Compact discs.

ISBN: 0-89579-228-1 $29.95 (paper)ISBN: 0-89579-234-6 $45.95 (cloth)

288 pages------------------------------------------------------------------------Curtis Roads, _A Computer Music History: Musical Automation from Antiquityto the Computer Age_

Dexter Morrill and Rick Taube, _A Little Book of Computer MusicInstruments_

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Introduction to computer music / Wayne Bateman.

Publisher: New York : J. Wiley, c1980.Subjects: Computer music--Instruction and study.Subjects: Computer composition.

ISBN: 0-471-05266-3 : $20.00 (est.)------------------------------------------------------------------------

MUSIC, SOUND and TECHNOLOGYby John M. Eargle. (A mini-review)

is published by Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, copyright 1990. Its Libraryof Congress number is ML3805.E2 1990.

This little book turned up on the New Titles shelf in the Physics

and Planetary Science Library at Pitt recently, and I've just finished goingthrough it. It was a worthwhile enough bit of reading matter that I thoughtI'd bring it to the List's attention. This ain't no formal book review, butthen again you all probably knew that already, knowing me, right?

MS&T is a fairly technical treatment of the acoustics of musicalinstruments, almost exlcusively focussing on acoustic instruments that arefeatured in the modern orchestral format (hence including a lot of unusualjazz instruments and percussion devices). It has fairly little math in it,and requires little or no math background to read, but it does not skimpon the ideas it brings across-- a novice who knew something about music,

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having read this book carefully, would come away with a better understandingof music and acoustics than many professional sound engineers probably have.(Based on my own experiences in the field, that is.) The style is a trifledry, but is never so technical as to be unreadable. Examples from the publicdomain are liberally sprinkled throughout the book, and every chapter endswith a small bibliography and reference list, often including phonorecords.

The book begins with a brief review of the physical principles

underlying the creation of sound: waves, sound pressure, units like thedecibel, and so on. Virtually all of the math in the book is contained here,and it's on the high-school level, not too daunting. Some of the stuff isquite simple (masses on springs, pendula), but the reader suddenly findshimself absorbing stuff like "Relations between Direct and Reverberant Fields"--and understanding it clearly! The organization is clear, and every conceptis prefaced with an explanation of why and where it's important. The nexttwo chapters complete what Eargle considers the introductory part of the book;one is on the physiology of hearing and psychoacoustics, ranging from thelocalization of sound by the ears and head to the cultural biases inherent injudging what constitutes "consonance" and "dissonance," and the other is abrief but relatively well-thought-out review of temperament and tuning scales.

Chapters 4 through 9 are explanations of the physics of the usualsorts of sound generators one would find in orchestral of jazz music, andcomparative studies of their pitch and loudness ranges, harmonic structure,and expressive characteristics in relation to the player's abilities. Strings,woodwinds, brasses, and percussion devices are given their own chapters, andkeyboards are lumped together in one chapter, despite their differences insound creation (which Eargle acknowledges but views as less important thantheir similarities). There are all sorts of little gems here-- how to changethe speaking length of a trumpet, what happens to the frequency response ofa piano when you close the lid, how a vibraphone differs from a marimba, etc.These chapters alone make the book worth a look.

Chapter 10 explains the philosophy behind the physical organization of

musical ensembles. Why the first and second violins are sometimes seatedtogether on the left, other times separated, and so on. Chapter 11 is a longand occasionally quite technical discussion of performance space design, andof the engineering of suitable halls for speech, music, and worship (there'sa big section on church design). Chapters 12 and 13 discuss the principles ofsound reinforcement and sound recording, with diagrams of speaker placementsand microphone patterns abounding; this is getting into the sort of stuff thatwe tend to deal with regularly in EMUSIC-L, and we may have seen it elsewhere,but at this point we're used to Eargle's delivery and it's more clear than theusual drek in Home and Studio Recording. Some of the discussion is quitefascinating (is it better to be shamefully accurate or to correct for acousticweaknesses when recording a symphony?), and the material is quite modern inits presentation: Eargle notes "with nostalgia" the passing of the vinyl LP

from the scene. Overdubbing, Digital recording, and signal processing aretouched on in a straightforward manner, from quad sound systems to delay anddigital reverb. Chapter 14 is a primer on home audio, with explanations ofthe LP, cassette, and CD as playback media and commentary on speaker systems.

Chapter 15 is what you've all been waiting for, the "Overview of MusicSynthesis." It covers the acoustics of transients, steady-state conditions,and tonal decay, ensemble considerations, working in the frequency vs. thetime domain, and mentions modern developments such as sampling and MIDI. Theentire section is only eight pages long, half of which are figures, but forthe acoustic musician who's unfamiliar with and a bit scared of synthesizers

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it's a very easily digestible introduction. The acoustic musician sighs withrelief and says, "So THAT'S all there is to it!" (Of course, it isn't, but itserves to keep the musician's mind open and unafraid of future learning.) Theauthor seems to regard these instruments with some degree of wide-eyed wonder,and perhaps some nervous condescention as well, but he never fails torecognize them as instruments in their own right, deserving of attentionbeside the violins and piccolos. His only classicist comment, which isprobably forgivable under the circumstances, is that "Electronically generated

sounds do not necessarily have to imitate those of traditional instruments,but the sounds do have to fit into musical contexts." (We'll shelve argumentson that point for other posts, ok?) The last chapter is a brief touch uponactive noise reduction principles and techniques, and probably should havebeen placed between chapters 13 and 14, but at least it's there, if only forsix pages.

The book weighs in at 290 pages with a reasonably thorough index, andis published by Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, copyright 1990. Its Libraryof Congress number is ML3805.E2 1990. I consider it a refreshing change fromthe constant jabber about whether the Amiga can beat the Mac in the MIDI worldor what goes into Differential Loop Modulation in the D-70. It's clear,readable, and has a lot of worthwhile data that can be put to good use by a

clever musician, electronic or otherwise. Metlay says, check it out.

metlay

[email protected]@vms.cis.pitt.EDU------------------------------------------------------------------------The July 1991 issue of _Computer_, (Vol 24, #7, ISSN 0018-9162), published bythe IEEE Computer Society, has the title "Computer Generated Music", and awhole bunch of neat articles.

Titles of articles, are followed by Authors, then a description.(taken from the table of contents)

_Guest Editor's Introduction: Computer Generated Music_Denis L. Baggi

_Formula: A Programming Language for Expressive Computer Music_David P. Anderson and Ron Kuivila

Formula, a language for controlling synthesizers, can model theexpressiveness of a human performance. It supports algorithmiccomposition, interactive performance, and programmed interpretationof traditional scores.

_Recombinant Music: Using the Computer to Explore Musical Style_

David Cope

A Computer program that creates new but stylistically recognizablemusic from existing works offers insights into the elusivephenomenon of musical style.

_Toward an Expert System for Expressive Musical Performance_Margaret L. Johnson

An expert system processes the melodies of Bach fugues using a modelthat recognizes rhythmic patterns. It outputs instructions that

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tell performers how to articulate the melodies.

_Fugue: A Functional Language for Sound Synthesis_Roger B. Dannenberg, Christopher Lee Fraley, and Peter Velikonja

Fugue provides functions to create and manipulate sounds as abstract,immutable objects. The interactive language supports behavioralabstraction, so composers can manage complex musical structures.

_A Computer Music System that Follows a Human Conductor_Hideyuki Morita, Shuji Hashimoto, and Sadamu Ohteru

An electronic orchestra with a complex performance database andMIDI controllers responds to the gestures of a conductor througha CCD camera and a sensor glove.

_Project Overviews: Current Research in Computer Generated Music_Stephen W. Smoliar, Goffredo Haus, Alberto Sametti, Denis L. Baggi,Antonio Camurri, Corrado Canepa, Marcello Frixione, Renato Zaccaria,Yap Siong Chua, and Robert Keefe

Six overviews reflect varied ongoing research. Reporting fromsuch diverse locales as Singapore, Europe, and the US, the authorsexplore the spheres of computer-aided composition, synthesis ofmusical scores, computer simulation, and composing by musicalanalog.

The six overviews look more interesting than the description. Of course,all of the above articles have references, so you can go look up moreinformation.

_Standards_Standard Music Description Language

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

Also, Coming Fall 1991:

_Readings in Computer-Generated Music_edited by Denis Baggi

This new tutorial is a collection of 11 important articles, reprintedfrom the July 1991 special issue of _Computer_ on computer-generated music, plus a number of important articles omitted dueto space limitations. These papers include all the articles fromthis issue either in their entirety or in an expanded version. Acompanion CD and audiocassette will also be available for sale.

250 pages, November. 1991, hardbound, catalog No. 2367------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The Byte book of computer music / edited by Christopher P.Morgan.

Publisher: Peterborough, N.H. : Byte Books, c1979.Subjects: Computer music--Instruction and study.

Computer composition.ISBN: 0-931718-11-2

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Electronic music / Andy Mackay.

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Publisher: Minneapolis, Minn. : Control Data Publishing, 1981.Series Name: The Covent Garden music guides ; No. 2Subjects: Musical instruments, Electronic.

Electronic music--History and criticism.ISBN: 0-89893-504-0 : $19.95ISBN: 0-89893-302-1 (pbk.) : $10.95

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Electronic music : systems, techniques, and controls /

Allen Strange ; forward by Gordon Mumma.Publisher: Dubuque, Iowa : W.C. Brown Co., c1983.Subjects: Electronic music--Instruction and study.

Electronic composition.ISBN: 0-697-03602-2 (pbk.)

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Electronic music dictionary : a glossary of the specialized

terms relating to the music and sound technology of today/ by Bo Tomlyn & Steve Leonard.

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. : H. Leonard Books, c1988.Subjects: Electronic music--Dictionaries.

ISBN: 0-88188-904-0 : $5.95------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: The electronic music dictionary / by W.D. Coakley.Publisher: Lantana, Fla. (315 North Lake Drive, Suite 16, Lantana,

Florida 33462) : W.D. Coakley, c1988.Subjects: Electronic music--Dictionaries.------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Electronic music production / by Alan Douglas.Publisher: Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. : Tab Books, c1982.Subjects: Musical instruments, Electronic.

Electronic music--History and criticism.ISBN: 0-8306-1418-4 (pbk.) : $7.95

------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: The electronic musician's dictionary / Craig Anderton.

Publisher: New York : Amsco Publications : Exclusive distributors

Music Sales Corp., c1988.Subjects: Electronic music--Dictionaries.

ISBN: 0-8256-1125-3------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Multi-track recording / edited by Dominic Milano from thepages of Keyboard magazine.

Publisher: Milwaukee, WI : H. Leonard Books, c1988.Series: The Keyboard magazine basic library

(Keyboard synthesizer library)Subjects: Sound--Recording and reproducing.

ISBN: 0-88188-552-5 (pbk.) : $12.95----------------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Electronic music reports / Institute of Sonology at Utrecht

UniversityIMPR.: Utrecht University------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title: Electronic music synthesis; concepts, facilities,techniques [by] Hubert S. Howe, Jr.

Publisher: New York, W. W. Norton [1975]Subjects: Electronic music--Instruction and study.Subjects: Music--Acoustic

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