CE 3220 Lecture 1.pdf

Building Setting out and ICTAD Specificaions

1 © Asoka Perera

Construction Technology and Methods

CE3220

Construction TechnologyConstruction Technologyand Methodsand Methods

Asoka Perera

Visiting Processor

SLIIT- Engineering Faculty

2 © Asoka Perera


CE 3220 Course OutlineCE 3220 Course OutlineMODULE OUTLINE

Construction Technology and MethodsModule Code CE 3220 Version No. 2015 March to June

Year/Level 3 Semester 1Credit Points 03Pre-requisites CE 202 Civil Engineering MaterialsCo-requisites NoneMethods of Delivery Lectures (Face-to-face)

TutorialsLaboratory work

2 Hours/Week1 Hour/Week2 Hours fortnight

Course Web Site http://courseweb.sliit.lkDate of Original Approval April 2013Date of Next Review July 2015

3 © Asoka Perera


CE 3220 Course OutlineCE 3220 Course Outline

Introduction Construction Technology and Methods introduces temporarystructures used in construction sites, and civil engineeringconstruction techniques

LearningOutcomes

At the end of the module student will be able to:LO1. Understand different types of technology used in constructionworks.LO2: Aappreciate various types of construction equipment,formworks, safety measures and quality processes involved inconstruction works.LO3 : perform preliminary planning of construction work based ondrawings and other contract documents.

4 © Asoka Perera


CE 3220 Course OutlineCE 3220 Course OutlineØØ Recommended TextsRecommended TextsØØ KnutsonKnutson KraigKraig, Construction Management, Construction Management

Fundamentals, McGraw Hill Education(India)Fundamentals, McGraw Hill Education(India) PvtPvt Lt,Lt,Delhi, 2009Delhi, 2009

ØØ PurifoyPurifoy Robert L, Construction Planning, Equipment,Robert L, Construction Planning, Equipment,and Methods, McGraw Hill Education(India)and Methods, McGraw Hill Education(India) PvtPvt Lt,Lt,Delhi, 2010Delhi, 2010

ØØ ICTAD, Building SpecificationsICTAD, Building Specifications -- Building Works (Vol. I)Building Works (Vol. I)–– [3rd Edition (Revised)[3rd Edition (Revised) –– July 2004],July 2004],

ØØ ICTAD, Building SpecificationsICTAD, Building Specifications -- Building Works (Vol. II)Building Works (Vol. II)–– [2nd Edition (Revised)[2nd Edition (Revised) –– October 2001],October 2001],

PDF Creator - PDF4Free v3.01 http://www.pdf4free.com

http://courseweb.sliit.lk

http://www.pdfpdf.com/0.htm


5 © Asoka Perera


1.1. IntroductionIntroduction2.2. Steps of Building setting outSteps of Building setting out3.3. Requirements for line out workRequirements for line out work4.4. Site clearing and levellingSite clearing and levelling5.5. Preliminary line outPreliminary line out6.6. Detail line outDetail line out7.7. Individual building line outIndividual building line out8.8. PrecautionsPrecautions

1 Building Setting out1 Building Setting out

6 © Asoka Perera


ØØ 1.1 Introduction1.1 Introductionv This is the first step of any project building

any other.v Any error here will be a serious error.v Any error will be very expensivev Need to follow correct procedure

7 © Asoka Perera


ØØ 1.21.2 Steps of Building setting outSteps of Building setting outv Clean the sitev Indentify the plot for the building and its boundariesv Check the feasibility of building in the sitev Check the approval of the drawings – local authority

and othersv Identify the centre lines and checkv Perform the preliminary setting out – centre pegs

and reference pegsv Perform detail setting out and check

8 © Asoka Perera


ØØ 1.31.3 Requirements for line out workRequirements for line out workv Layout drawingsv Instruments and materials




9 © Asoka Perera


ØØ 1.31.3 Requirements for line out workRequirements for line out workv Planning

•• Prepare centre lines and checksPrepare centre lines and checks•• Prepare offsets of the building from the boundaryPrepare offsets of the building from the boundary•• Prepare full setting out detailsPrepare full setting out details•• Establish the levelsEstablish the levels

10 © Asoka Perera


ØØ 1.41.4 Site clearing and levellingSite clearing and levellingv Study the adjoining roads and establish the DPC

level. Establish a TBM for the building.v Establish any filling or cutting for the building. The

foundation has to be above ground level.

11 © Asoka Perera


ØØ 1.51.5 Preliminary setting outPreliminary setting outv Identify a corner for setting out – this is best corner

of the front building line.v Check the building setting outv Check the distances from the boundary lines and

other details.v Check other necessary data.

12 © Asoka Perera


ØØ 1.61.6 Detail setting outDetail setting outv Establish the corner of the building – drive a peg.v Set out the building centre linesv Do all checksv Check the distances from the boundaryv Establish reference pegs – 2m away from the centre

pegs.v Establish profile boards and mark wall lines. This

includes the foundations and walls.v Keep a record and of all setting out data.




13 © Asoka Perera


1.1. DrawingsDrawings –– covered under designcovered under designmodulesmodules

2.2. SpecificationsSpecifications –– ICTADICTADØ Excavation and Earth work for building workØ Wall ConstructionØ PlasteringØ Concrete WorksØ Other work will be completed separately.

22 Contract Documents and Construction

14 © Asoka Perera


ØØ Excavation and Earth work for buildingExcavation and Earth work for buildingworkwork -- GeneralGeneralv General – 150mm to be cleared if not sated

of the building area. This is known as topsoil.

v Existing services. Need to identify and willbe contractor’s responsibility

v Demolition of existing structures – There isa special section too.


15 © Asoka Perera


ØØ Excavation and Earth work for buildingExcavation and Earth work for buildingworkwork -- GeneralGeneralv Removal of trees. This includes roots as

well. Need to fill with suitable material ifrequired.

v Disposal of waste material – contractor needto maintain facility and then dispose.

v Water ways – need to divert if required.


16 © Asoka Perera


ØØ ExcavationExcavationv Establish levels

•• Benchmarks and levelsBenchmarks and levelsv Classification of soils

•• Soft or loose soilSoft or loose soil•• Hard or dense soilHard or dense soil•• MudMud•• Soft and disintegrated soilsSoft and disintegrated soils•• Hard rockHard rock –– requiring blastingrequiring blasting•• Hard rockHard rock ––blasting prohibitedblasting prohibited





17 © Asoka Perera


ØØ ExcavationExcavationv Blastingv Antiques and useful materials.

•• Coins gemsCoins gems –– need to handover to the owner ofneed to handover to the owner ofbuildingbuilding

v Protection – trenches need to be protectedv Reinstatement of damage during

constructionv Anti termite treatmentv Stability of excation


18 © Asoka Perera


ØØ ExcavationExcavationv Excavation for foundations

•• Should be horizontalShould be horizontal•• Sloping sitesSloping sites –– need to refer to drawingsneed to refer to drawings•• Filling to tampedFilling to tamped•• Need the approval of consultantNeed the approval of consultant

v Disposal of surplus materials – need to betaken away from site.

v Dewatering – contractor need to do


19 © Asoka Perera


ØØ ExcavationExcavationv Dewatering method – need consultant

approvalv Planking and strutting – depends on depth

and soil type


20 © Asoka Perera






21 © Asoka Perera



22 © Asoka Perera



23 © Asoka Perera


ØØ Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)v Definitions

•• BatBat –– a portion of a brick ½, ¾ etc.a portion of a brick ½, ¾ etc.•• BondBond –– Joint pattern, English, Flemish, RatJoint pattern, English, Flemish, Rat--traptrap

etc.etc.•• BrickBrick –– maximummaximum -- length 337.5, width 225mm,length 337.5, width 225mm,

and height 112.5mmand height 112.5mm•• BlockBlock –– other than brickother than brick•• Solid brick or blockSolid brick or block -- voids not exceeding 25%voids not exceeding 25%•• Hollow brick or block (not solid)Hollow brick or block (not solid)


24 © Asoka Perera



•• Compressive strengthCompressive strength –– as per SLS39as per SLS39•• CommonCommon –– general purposegeneral purpose•• FacingFacing –– specialspecial•• Brickwork orBrickwork or blockworkblockwork –– the assembled unitthe assembled unit•• CloserCloser –– portion divided along lengthportion divided along length –– queenqueen•• CorbelCorbel –– unit cantileveredunit cantilevered•• CourseCourse –– a layer (of bricks)a layer (of bricks)•• Damp proof course (DPC)Damp proof course (DPC)





25 © Asoka Perera



•• EfflorescentEfflorescent –– salts left after evaporationsalts left after evaporation•• FlashingFlashing –– pervious layerpervious layer•• FootingFooting –– to distribute the load in foundationsto distribute the load in foundations•• JointJoint –– Bed joint, wall joint, wall jointBed joint, wall joint, wall joint•• Partition wallPartition wall –– internal wallinternal wall•• PierPier –– integral part of wallintegral part of wall•• Pillar or columnPillar or column –– not attached to wallnot attached to wall


26 © Asoka Perera



•• PlinthPlinth –– projecting part of base (foundation)projecting part of base (foundation)•• PointingPointing –– refilling and finishing of joints.refilling and finishing of joints.•• QuoinQuoin –– external cornerexternal corner•• RevealReveal –– visible part of each side of recessed orvisible part of each side of recessed or

opening of a wallopening of a wall•• SillSill –– lower part of windowlower part of window•• StretcherStretcher –– a unita unit layedlayed with its lengthwith its length


27 © Asoka Perera


ØØ Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)v Materials

•• SLS 39SLS 39•• BricksBricks


28 © Asoka Perera


ØØ Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)v Materials

•• SLS 39SLS 39•• MortarMortar





29 © Asoka Perera


ØØ Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)v Laying – generally English bond


30 © Asoka Perera


31 © Asoka Perera


32 © Asoka Perera


ØØ Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)Wall Construction (Brick and Blocks)v Raising and Curing

•• Maximum per day is 1.5mMaximum per day is 1.5m•• Need in wet condition for 7 daysNeed in wet condition for 7 days





33 © Asoka Perera


ØØ PlasteringPlasteringv Mortar

•• Lime mortarLime mortar –– not used nownot used now•• Cement and sandCement and sand


34 © Asoka Perera


ØØ PlasteringPlasteringv Mortar

•• LimeLime –– cement and sand mortarcement and sand mortar•• Generally 1:1:5Generally 1:1:5


35 © Asoka Perera


ØØ PlasteringPlasteringv Application


