Lecture 6 (L. Younes)

7/29/2019 Lecture 6 (L. Younes)

1/60

DNLS^_N \N_@N\

Dnlturn 6= @itrjcult`ji %CK)

Dnlturn ?= Lfilnr O`jdjky %GJ)

Dnlturn = Gfss`vn Snst`ik %DP)

Dnlturn 8= O`jgfrbnr C`sljvnry %DP)

Dnlturn ;= Qenijtypn Qrnc`lt`ji %CK)

Dnlturn 5= Ngoncc`ik Gnlefi`sg %CK)

6 * 81


2/60

J^SD@IN

Cntnlt`ik C`hhnrnit`fddy Nxprnssnc Knins

K[F\

Nir`legnit Fifdys`s

? * 81


3/60

C@HHN_NIS@FD NUQ_N\\@JI

G`lrjfrrfy nxpnr`gnits frn kninrfddy lfrr`nc jut tj gnfsurn ten

c`hhnrniln ì nxprnss`ji ontwnni twj ljic`t`jis Seny gnfsurn ten ljilnitrft`ji jh g_IF gjdnludns jh tfrknt

typns ì sfgpdnc t`ssuns

Sen iugonr jh tfrknts lfi on eukn %tnis jh tejusfics)$ we`dn ten

iugonr jh sfgpdns pnr stucy `s ì ten euicrncs Hjrgfddy$ nfle g`lrjfrrfy nxpnr`gnit prjv`cns f hfg`dy jh

gnfsurngnits x%6)$ ) ) ) $ x%i)$ w`te x%b) 7 %x%b)6 $ ) ) ) $ x

%b)G )

i `s ten iugonr jh sfgpdns$ G `s ten iugonr jh tfrkntnc g_IFs$

w`te i G

Sen ljic`t`ji$ jr penijtypn$ `s rnprnsnitnc oy f oìfry rv$ w`te

josnrvnc vfduns %y%6)$ ) ) ) $ y%i))

Sen josnrvft`jis tenrnhjrn ljrrnspjic tj fi i sfgpdn jh P fic

U 7 %U6$ ) ) ) $UG)

< * 81


4/60

INNC HJ_ IJ_GFD@]FS@JI

Hjr nfle vfr`fodn m$ jin lfi usn f tnst %t'tnst$ rfib sug$ ) tjnvfduftn ten c`hhnrniln ontwnni ten josnrvnc vfduns jh Um ì ten

twj pjpudft`jis

Jin lfi teni usn gudt`pdn tnstìk ljrrnlt`ji tj cntnlt we`le

knins frn s`ki`stlfitdy c`hhnrnit`fddy nxprnssnc

Jin jh ten c`hstludt`ns$ ejwnvnr$ fr`sns hrjg ten strjik

entnrjknin`ty jh ten cftf

Gnfsurngnit tnleijdjky jhtni rnsudts ì dfrkn vfr`ft`jis flrjss

sfgpdns$ fs `h nfle jin wnrn gnfsurnc w`te f c`hhnrnit snt jh

ui`ts

Se`s `gpd`ns teft stficfrc tnst prjlncurns wjudc efvn vnry djw

pjwnr w`tejut sjgn prnprjlnssìk

3 * 81


5/60

KF^\\@FI IJ_GFD@]FS@JI

\`gpdn ljrrnlt`ji gntejcs rngjvn ten gnfi fic c`v`cn oy

stficfrc cnv`ft`ji Ijtn teft gnfis fic vfr`filns frn nst`gftnc flrjss vfr`fodns hjr

f stxnc sfgpdn Xnry jhtni$ f gjrn strìknit ijidìnfr ijrgfd`zft`ji gntejc `s

usnc$ ì we`le `t `s nisurnc teft ten e`stjkrfg jh ten josnrvnc

nxprnss`jis hjr nfle sfgpdn efs f prncntnrgìnc sefpn Se`s `s lfddnc e`stjkrfg ijrgfd`zft`ji @h `s ten tfrknt lch %typ`lfddy f stficfrc Kfuss`fi)$ ten

trfishjrgft`ji `s nqu`vfdnit tj rnpdflìk x%b)

m oy

6 H%b)%x%b)m )

wenrn H%b) `s ten ngp`r`lfd lch jh ten hfg`dy jh josnrvnc

gnfsurngnits hjr ten bte frrfy Se`s `s nqu`vfdnit tj jidy rntfììk rfib ìhjrgft`jiw`teì nfle

frrfy$ `n tj usìk rndft`vn nxprnss`jisfgjik knins> * 81


6/60

V^FIS@DN IJ_GFD@]FS@JI

@istnfc jh rnijrgfd`zìk fdd cftf tj f c`stròut`ji teft wfs sndnltnc

ì fcvfiln$ d`bn f Kfuss`fi$ jin lfi nst`gftn `t hrjg cftf Hjr b 7 6$ ) ) ) $ i$ cnijtn fs onhjrn oy x

%b)m ten bte gnfsurngnit

hjr sfgpdn m$ m 7 6$ ) ) ) $G

Dnt x%b)%m) $m 7 6$ ) ) ) $G$ rnprnsnit tensn gnfsurngnits ì

ìlrnfsìk jrcnr Dnt x%m) cnijtn ten fvnrfkn jh tensn vfduns jvnr sfgpdns$ b

Ijrgfd`zn ten sfgpdns oy rnpdflìk x%b)

m oy x%r%b)m

)$ wenrn r

%b)m `s

ten rfib jh ten mte vfr`fodn ì ten bte sfgpdn Se`s `s nqu`vfdnit tj fppdyìk ten prnv`jus ijrgfd`zft`ji w`te

tfrknt lch cnstinc oy

H%x) 7G

m76

m

G6Rxx%m)W)

8 * 81


7/60

J^SD@IN


K[F\

Nir`legnit Fifdys`s

; * 81


8/60

K[F\= @IS_JC^LS@JI

Swj rficjgdy lejsni ìc`v`cufds sefrn frjuic 000. jh ten`rknijgns

Se`s cjns ijt prnvnit gfmjr c`vnrs`ty fgjik pnjpdn$ fssjl`ftnc tj

\gfdd vfr`ft`jis %gutft`jis) ì ten ìc`v`cufd iuldnjt`cns$ bijwi fssìkdn iuldnjt`cn pjdygjrpe`sgs %\IQs)

@isnrt`jis$ cndnt`jis fic trfisdjlft`jis jh lerjgjsjgfd snkgnits Ljpy iugonr vfr`ft`jis

Senrn frn up tj < g`dd`jis bijwi \IQs$ jh we`le


9/60

K[F\

Knijgn'w`cn fssjl`ft`ji stuc`ns f`g ft `cnit`hyìk spnl`stl

vfr`fits %gfìdy \IQs) fssjl`ftnc w`te ljgpdnx eugfi

c`snfsns fic qufit`tft`vn penijtyp`l cftf Sen fssjl`ftnc \IQs frn teni ljis`cnrnc tj gfrb f rnk`ji jh ten

eugfi knijgn we`le lfi teni on hurtenr ìvnst`kftnc tj pìpjìt

lfusfd gnlefi`sgs hjr ìlrnfsnc jr cnlrnfsnc r`sb jr jtenr trf`ts

0 * 81


10/60

LCLX EPQJSEN\@\

Gfiy stuc`ns frn cns`kinc frjuic ten ljggji'c`snfsnljggji'vfr`fit eypjtens`s

_jukedy$ f vfr`fit `s lfddnc ljggji `h ten gìjr fddndn hrnqunily

`s fojvn 6.

Sen ejpn `s teft ljggji c`snfsns jr trf`ts lfi on prnc`ltnc oyljggji vfr`fits

Fdtnrift`vn eypjtensns _frn vfr`fits efvn fi fcc`t`vn nhhnlt teft ljitròutn tj ten

ngnrkniln jh ljgpdnx c`snfsns$ lrnftìk knint`l ejgjknin`ty

fgjik suomnlts Gjrn ljgpdnx$ iji'dìnfr$ knin ìtnrflt`jis %jr np`stfs`s) frn fdsj

pjssòdn

61 * 81


11/60

Fddndn hrnqunily

Nhhnlt s`zn

Xnry rfrn Ljggji

Djw

E`ke

_frn Djw hrnqunily

1)116 1)11> 1)1>

@itnrgnc`ftn

Gjcnst

_frn fddndns

lfusìkGnicnd`fi

c`snfsn

Hnw nxfgpdns jh

e`ke'nhhnlt

ljggji vfr`fits

ìunilìk

ljggji c`snfsn

Ljggjivfr`fits

`gpd`lftnc ì

ljggji c`snfsn

oy K[F

_frn vfr`fits jhsgfdd nhhnlt

vnry efrc tj `cnit`hy

oy knint`l gnfis

Djw'hrnqunily

vfr`fits w`te

ìtnrgnc`ftn nhhnlt

6)6

>1)1

%Hrjg Gfijd`j nt fd$ Ifturn$ ?110) Hnfsò`d`ty jh `cnit`hyìk knint`l vfr`fits oy r`sb fddndn hrnqunily fic strnikte jh knint`l nhhnlt

%jccs rft`j) Gjst nhhjrt efs onni w`teì ten c`fkjifd cjttnc dìns

66 * 81


12/60

D@G@SFS@JI\

Gjst \IQs cntnltnc sj hfr `i K[F\ stuc`ns efvn f vnry sgfdd

nhhnlt s`zn cnstinc oy

Qrjo%trf`t | gutftnc)

Qrjo%iji trf`t | gutftnc)*

Qrjo%trf`t | ljggji)

Qrjo%iji trf`t | ljggji)

hjr c`slrntn penijtypns

Gjst jh ten jccs rft`js frn `i ten rfikn 66 tj 6>$ w`te ten gnc`fi

jccs rft`j `s 6


13/60

Enr`tfo`d`ty$ tjtfd

Enr`

tfo`d`ty$

oyljgpjini

t

1 1)> 6

1

1)>

6

I

ji

enr`

tfodn H

fs

tìk

Kdul)

NLKV

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NLK

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ei

+s ECD

DCD

Fu

t`sg

OG@

En

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G

ni

cn

d`fi

_ngfììkGjst rnlnitQrnv`jus

Sen enr`tfo`d`ty spnltrug jh c`snfsn Enr`tfo`d`ty `s ten hrflt`ji jh f penijtypn fttròutfodn tj knins fic lfi on nst`gftnc hrjg

twì stuc`ns w`tejut bijwìk we`le knins frn ìvjdvnc Sen tjtfd en`ket jh nfle ofr ìc`lftns ten enr`tfo`d`ty hrjg twì stuc`ns

Sen rnc rnk`ji ìc`lftns ten knint`l hfltjrs inwdy `cnit`stnc oy ten gjst rnlnit K[F\2 ten odun rnk`ji ten knint`l hfltjrs pr`jr tj

ten gjst rnlnit K[F\2 fic ten krny rnk`ji ten knint`l hfltjrs teft rngfì uibijwi _nlnit K[F\ efvn fccnc trngnicjusdy tj

jur bijwdnckn jh ten knint`l ofs`s jh c`snfsn$ out efvn onni dfrkndy d`g`tnc tj ljggji vfr`fits

6< * 81


14/60

CFSF \NS\ %@)

Nfle ìc`v`cufd `s knijtypnc hjr f snt jh knint`l gfrbnrs ofsncji f sfgpdn jh lndds

Sen CIF `s nxtrfltnc hrjg tensn lndds fic gnfsurnc ji

knijtypìk g`lrjfrrfys

@i ten lfsn jh \IQ le`ps hjr ljggji vfr`fits$ ten fssfys tjcfyìvjdvn ji ten jrcnr jh f g`dd`ji \IQs slfttnrnc jvnr fdd ten

lerjgjsjgns$ gjst `cnit`stnc oy ten @itnrift`jifd EfpGfp

Qrjmnlt

Inwnr tnleijdjk`ns lfi pnrhjrg wejdn'nxjgn jr nvni

wejdn'knijgn snqunilìk$ fic gfy rnpdfln frrfy'ofsnc fssfysfic gutn ten `gpjrtfiln jh ten c`stìlt`ji ontwnni rfrn fic

ljggji vfr`fits

63 * 81


15/60

CFSF \NS\ %@@)

Nfle \IQ gfrbnr ljrrnspjics tj ten stftn jh ten twj fddndns ft f

pfrt`ludfr djlft`ji %djlus)

\IQs frn kninrfddy ljcnc ji tnrifry vfduns {1$6$ ?}

ljrrnspjicìk tj fddndns FF$ FO$ OO Jin lfi fdsj usn f oìfry rnprnsnitft`ji$ usìk 6 hjr ojte FO fic

OO

Hjr nfle \IQ$ f gnfsurngnit `s jotfìnc hjr nfle jh ten twj

pjssòdn fddndns Hjr f k`vni cftf snt jh ìc`v`cufds$ te`s lfi on

v`sufd`znc fs f slfttnr pdjt jh ìtnis`ty vfduns

6> * 81


16/60

8111FFFKKK

FFKFKK

1

6111

?111

111

1 6111 ?111 111

1611?1111811;11511011

FddndnOìtnis`ty

FddndnOìtnis`ty

Fddndn F ìtnis`ty

1 6111 ?111


17/60

O@F\

Sen dfrknst sjurln jh o`fs ì lfsn'ljitrjd stuc`ns `s cun tj

pjpudft`ji strft`stlft`ji$ `n$ suopjpudft`jis w`teì jin jr ojte

ljejrts

Hfdsn pjs`t`vns lfi fr`sn onlfusn ten lfsns fic ljitrjds frn ijt

gftlenc ljrrnltdy w`te systngft`l c`hhnrnilns cun tj filnstry

Filnstry lfi wjrb fs f ljihjuicìk hfltjr$ `n$ ten c`hhnrnilns

josnrvnc gfy on cun tj filnstry rftenr tefi tj c`snfsn

6; * 81

I


18/60

IJSFS@JI

Ljcn lfsns fic ljitrjds oy P 7 6 fic P 7 1

Ljcn \IQ b oy Ub 7 1$6$?$ sj teft Ub `s ten iugonr jh ljp`ns jh

ten dnss hrnqunit fddndn P lfi fdsj on f qufit`tft`vn trf`t

Dnt U 7 {Ub$ b 7 6$ )))$G} on ten knijtypn

F knint`l gjcnd prjv`cns ten ljic`t`jifd c`str`out`ji jh P k`vni U

65 * 81

S F \ \IQ


19/60

SN\S\ JH F\\JL@FS@JI HJ_ \@IKDN \IQ\=

LJIS@I^J^\ LF\N

Hjr qufit`tft`vn trf`ts$ jin lfi usn dìnfr rnkrnss`ji tj nvfduftn

ten rndft`jise`p ontwnni P fic Ub

Cnstin

H 7 6 _\\_\\1

wenrn _\\ fic _\\1 rnspnlt`vndy cnijtn ten rns`cufd sugs jh

squfrns hjr ten dìnfr gjcnds w`te fic w`tejut fssjl`ft`ji

Hjr dfrkn sfgpdns$ fic uicnr ten iudd eypjtens`s jh ij

fssjl`ft`ji$ H hjddjws f ?%6) c`stròut`ji

Jin teni inncs tj ljrrnlt hjr gudt`pdn ljgpfr`sjis

60 * 81

S \ \ J F\\JL J J \ K \IQ\ O


20/60

SN\S\ JH F\\JL@FS@JI HJ_ \@IKDN \IQ\= O@IF_P

LF\N

@i lfsn'ljitrjd stuc`ns$ usn tnsts hjr iji fssjl`ft`ji

%ìcnpnicniln)

Hjr nfle \IQ$ ten cftf frn rnprnsnitnc oy f ? < ljitìknilytfodn

Swj ljggji fpprjflens= ? tnst hjr ìcnpnicniln$ we`le efs ? ch

H`senr nxflt tnst$ usufddy fhtnr gnrkìk ten dfst twj ljdugis

?1 * 81

D@INF_ GJCND\


21/60

D@INF_ GJCND\

\nvnrfd \IQs gfy efvn tj ljitròutn tjkntenr tj f spnl`stl trf`t

Sfbni ìc`v`cufddy$ nfle \IQ gfy efvn f wnfb nhhnlt teft w`dd ijton cntnltfodn usìk ten prnv`jus tnsts

Gjrn ljgpdnx gjcnds frn inncnc

?6 * 81

DJK@\S@L GJCND


22/60

DJK@\S@L GJCND

Djk`st`l gjcnds cnslròn ten rndft`jise`p ontwnni penijtypn fic

knijtypn oy=

djkQ%P 7 6|U)

Q%P 7 1|U)7

Gb76

bUb)

Kninrfddy gjst jh ten ljnhstl`nits frn fssugnc tj on znrj$ w`teb 7 1 hjr jidy f suosnt C \ jh s`zn |C| G w`teljrrnspjicìk ljnhstl`nits b$ b C

C `s uibijwi ì prflt`ln

Hjr dfrkn G$ f snisòdn strftnky `s stnpw`sn djk`st`l rnkrnss`ji$ ìwe`le ten \IQs frn fccnc jin oy jin tj ten gjcnd

Ft stfkn g jin tnsts ten gjcnd w`te jin fcc`t`jifd \IQ fkfìst

ten lurrnit iudd gjcnd w`te g 6 \IQs %usìk [`dbs tenjrng)

?? * 81

_F_N XF_@FIS\


23/60

_F_N XF_@FIS\

Gjst K[F stuc`ns fssugn teft gjst jh ten r`sb tefi lfi onnxpdfìnc w`dd ìvjdvn jdc$ ljggji knin vfr`fits

@t `s e`kedy pjssòdn teft tenrn frn gfiy gjrn ljggji vfr`fits

w`te vnry sgfdd jccs rft`js$ pnrefps must fojvn jin pnrlnit$ we`le

efvn kjin uicntnltnc cun tj lurrnit sfgpdn s`zns Fijtenr pjssò`d`ty `s teft ten g`ssìk enr`tfo`d`ty %dflb jh

sullnsshud knijgn'ofsnc prnc`ltfo`d`ty) lfi on nxpdfìnc oy

gudt`pdn rfrnr vfr`fits$ sfy w`te hrnqunil`ns dnss tefi jin pnrlnit

@t gfy on ten lfsn teft nfle rfrn vfr`fit$ fdtejuke snni ì jidy f

sgfdd hrflt`ji jh ten fhhnltnc pjpudft`ji$ st`dd rf`sns ten r`sb ì

lfrr`nrs oy f gule krnftnr hrflt`ji tefi cj ljggji vfr`fits

?< * 81

NQ@\SF\@\


24/60

NQ@\SF\@\

Senrn gfy on dfrkn ìtnrflt`ji nhhnlts fgjik n`tenr ljggji jr

rfrn vfr`fits Knins ìtnrflt terjuke peys`lfd ìtnrflt`jis fgjik ten`r _IF

fic prjtnì prjcults$ terjuke prjtnì'CIF oìcìk ì trfislr`pt`ji

fic vfr`jus gnlefi`sgs ì s`kifddìk pftewfys

Nvni tejuke f vfr`fit efs sgfdd gfrkìfd nhhnlt$ `t gfy efvn fs`ki`stlfit nhhnlt weni ljis`cnrnc ì ljimuilt`ji w`te jtenr

vfr`fits

Snlei`lfddy$ wn sejudc c`stìku`se ontwnni stft`st`lfddy ìtnrfltìk

\IQs fic np`stfs`s$ we`le gust rnnlt f c`rnlt$ peys`lfd

ìtnrflt`ji

@ilducìk ìtnrflt`jis ì ten prnv`jus gjcnd `s e`kedy lefddnikìk$

onlfusn ten iugonr jh gjcnd pfrfgntnrs krjws nxpjinit`fddy

w`te ten s`zn jh ten ljis`cnrnc ìtnrflt`jis

?3 * 81

KNIN\ FIC QFSE[FP\


25/60

KNIN\ FIC QFSE[FP\

Qftewfys frn krjups jh knins teft pfrt`l`pftn tj ljggji

o`jdjk`lfd prjlnssns$ d`bn lndd huilt`jis$ gntfojd`l prjlnssns$

knint`l ìhjrgft`ji prjlnssìk %nk$ CIF rnpf`r)$ lndd s`kifdìk$

fic `gguin rnspjisns

@ilrnfsìkdy$ ten trun tfrknts jh fifdys`s frn pftewfys$ pfrt`ludfrdy

ì c`snfsn c`fkijs`s$ prjkijs`s fic trnftgnit cnvndjpgnit C`snfsns frn lefrfltnr`znc fs pnrturonc pftewfys$ ì we`le tenrn

`s f systngft`l hf`durn tj rnfle lnrtfì nicpjìts$ rnsudtìk hrjg f

suhstl`nit iugonr jh rndft`vndy sgfdd c`srupt`jis$ dnfcìk stifddy tj

c`sjrcnr

Jin lfi ou`dc knin'lnitr`l$ jr pftewfy'lnitr`l K[F\

fpprjflens$ ì we`le nfle knin %jr pftewfy) lfi on tnstnc oy

ljis`cnrìk jidy ten \IQs fssjl`ftnc w`te `t

?> * 81

K[@\


26/60

K[@\

K[`\ `s f knin'lnitr`l fdkjr`teg prjpjsnc oy Ofcnr fic Frbìk%Eufik nt fd$ Qdjs Knint`ls ?166)

Sen gntejcjdjky `s Ofyns`fi ìhnrniln

@t ljis`sts jh f pr`jr gjcnd ji snts jh \IQs fic f cftf gjcnd

prjv`cìk ten c`stròut`ji jh ten josnrvnc cftf %Eufik nt fd stucysnvnrfd qufit`tft`vn trf`ts fssjl`ftnc w`te lfrc`jvfslufr c`snfsn)

ljic`t`jifd ji ten gjcnd fic knijtypn cftf

Gjcnd sndnlt`ji fic pfrfgntnr nst`gft`ji frn pnrhjrgnc

s`gudtfinjusdy

Sen tnst stft`st`l `s ten Ofyns`fi gjcnd d`bndèjjc$ fic ten snfrle

hjr ten onst gjcnd `s stnpw`sn

?8 * 81

K[@\= IJSFS@JI


27/60

K[@\= IJSFS@JI

Fssugn G o`'fddnd`l \IQs$ sj teft %U6$ )))$UG) `s ten knijtypnw`te Ub 7 1$ 6$?

Dnt P on f qufit`tft`vn trf`t

Fssugn teft$ ljic`t`jifddy tj U 7 x$

P I%xto$ ?)

Sen gjcnd pfrfgntnrs frn ? 9 1 fic o _G

?; * 81

D@BND@EJJC


28/60

D@BND@EJJC

Ijw ljis`cnr i ìc`v`cufds

DntP

on ten ljrrnspjicìk i'c`gnis`jifd penijtypn vnltjr ficdnt U on ten i G knijtypn gftr`x \tficfrc`zn P fic ten ljdugis jh U tj efvn znrj gnfis Sen djk d`bndèjjc `s teni

D 7 6

?

idi%?) " idi%?

) "|P Uo|?

?)

Sen gfx`gug d`bndèjjc nst`gftjrs jh ? fic o frn wndd bijwific strf`kethjrwfrc tj ljgputn=

? 7 |P Uo|?

wenrn

o 7 %UtU)6UtP)

?5 * 81

OFPN\@FI HJ_G^DFS@JI


29/60

OFPN\@FI HJ_G^DFS@JI

Dnt C {6$ )))$G}$ |C| 7 B$ rnprnsnit ten uibijwi snt jhfssjl`ftnc \IQs

Fssugn ob 7 1 `h b C

Fssugn f pr`jr gjcnd Q%C)

Sen nst`gftnc C `s cnstinc tj on ten gjcn jh ten pjstnr`jr

c`str`out`ji=

C 7 frk gfxC

Q%C|P$U) 7 frk gfxC

Q%C)Q%P|C$U))

?0 * 81

Q_@J_ C@\S_@O^S@JI


30/60

Q_@J_ C@\S_@O^S@JI

Sen pr`jr gjcnd fssugns nfle jh ten G \IQs `s sndnltncìcnpnicnitdy w`te prjofo`d`ty h jh onìk fssjl`ftnc w`te P

Sen eypnrpfrfgntnr h `s uibijwi fic ìtnkrftnc jut Sen

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ten iugonr jh ìcnpnicnit \IQs


31/60

LJGQ^S@IK SEN QJ\SN_@J_

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Sen stifd ljgpjinit `s tj jotfì knijgn'w`cn s`ki`stlfiln

Senrn frn twj stfkns jh pnrgutft`ji tnsts= ten strst stfkn ljivnrts

ten K[`\ tnst stft`st`l ìtj f p'vfdun teft `s ui`hjrg uicnr ten iudd2

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Sen strst stfkn `s ljicultnc knin'oy'knin Sen gjcnd s`zn B `s

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Se`s rnsudts ì f p'vfdun fttròutnc tj nfle knin


34/60

% )

Sen ternsejdc hjr knijgn'w`cn s`ki`stlfiln rnqu`rns f snljic snt

jh pnrgutft`jis

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35/60

% )

Nxpnr`gnits wnrn rui w`te ten F_@L cftfsnt %Ftenrjsldnrjs`s

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Sen penijtyp`l trf`ts ljis`cnrnc frn NLK pfrfgntnrs$ spnl`stlfddy

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p4 > 615

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37/60

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hjr nfle gntejc usìk knijgn'w`cn pnrgutft`jis %f) Hrjg 6 tj 5 \IQs wnrn sndnltnc w`teì f knin tj ljitròutn tj f

qufit`tft`vn trf`t$ w`te tjtfd vfr`filn 111; cun tj ten knin Nrrjr ofrs frn hjr 6111 knins sndnltnc ft rficjg hjr nfle iugonr jh

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jh gìjr fddndn hrnqunily


38/60


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39/60

Nir`legnit Fifdys`s lfi on snni fs f hjddjw'up tj ten gntejcs teft wn

efvn rnv`nwnc sj hfr Sen prnv`jus gntejcs cntnrgìn snts jh o`jdjk`lfd vfr`fodns %d`bn knin

nxprnss`ji$ \IQs$ prjtnì nxprnss`ji) teft ldustnr tjkntenr$ n`tenronlfusn teny fdd ljitròutn tj ten ngnrkniln jh f k`vni penijtypn$ jrsefrn s`g`dfr stft`st`lfd prjpnrt`ns

Nir`legnit fifdys`s ljgpfrns ten snts teft frn cntnltnc oy tensngntejcs tj snts hjrgnc w`te ten sfgn vfr`fodns teft sefrn f ljggjio`jdjk`lfd prjpnrty$ d`bn ondjikìk tj f k`vni pftewfy$ pfrt`l`pftìk tj fk`vni huilt`ji$ jr onìk fhhnltnc tjkntenr oy f k`vni cruk

Se`s ljgpfr`sji vfd`cftns ten ljgputft`jifd stucy$ oy sejwìk teft `tc`sljvnrs gnfiìkhud rndft`jise`ps ontwnni vfr`fodns

Gjrn `gpjrtfitdy$ `t endps qufd`hyìk f ljgputft`jifd c`sljvnry ì tnrgsjh o`jdjk`lfddy ìtnrprntfodn ljilnpts$ d`bn rndft`ji tj f huilt ji jrc`snfsn


40/60

\nvnrfd puod`ldy fvf`dfodn cftfofsns prjv`cn d`sts jh o`jdjk`lfddy

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Hjr knins$ ten knin jitjdjky %KJ) prjmnlt fiijtftns knins w`te f

ljitrjddnc vjlfoudfry jh tnrgs

Kninrfd gjdnludfr ìtnrflt`jis frn cnslrònc ì ten BNKK

pftewfy cftfofsn

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frn cnslrònc ì cftfofsns d`bn S_FI\HFL$ EKGC$

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41/60

Dnt \ on f sti`tn ìcnx snt$ w`te f rficjg vfr`fodn Us fttflenc tjnfle s \

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trfììk sfgpdn Sjh ten vfr`fodns %Us$ s \)$ rnturis f hfg`dy jhsnts X6$ ) ) ) $ XB \

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36 * 81

GFSENGFS@LFD HJ_G^DFS@JI %@@)


42/60

Fi nir`legnit fifdys`s cntnrgìns wentenr fdd jr sjgn jh ten

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Sen gnfiìk jh s`ki`stlfit $ fic ejw te`s prjpnrty lfi onfssnssnc$ rngfìs tj on spnl`stnc

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Sen kninrfd lfsn lfi on fssnssnc oy ljis`cnrìk nfle Xbsnpfrftndy fic ljrrnltìk p'vfduns hjr gudt`pdn ljgpfr`sjis

3? * 81

EPQN_KNJGNS_@L C@\S_@O^S@JI %@)


43/60

Cnstin fi jvnrdfp tj on s`ki`stlfit `h `t wjudc on stft`st`lfddy vnryuid`bndy tj jotfì w`te fi uiìhjrgnc snt sndnlt`ji gntejc$ `n$ f

gntejc teft wjudc ijt usn sjgn$ jr fdd jh ten ìhjrgft`ji fvf`dfodn

ì ten trfììk snt

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sìkdn snt jh ìtnrnst F Ljis`cnr ten qunst`ji= `h X efc onni sndnltnc oy rficjgdy

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prnl`sndy$ ljic`t`jifddy tj te`s s`zn

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EPQN_KNJGNS_@L C@\S_@O^S@JI %@@)


44/60

Dnt q 7 |X|$ I 7 |\| fic r 7 |F| Sen prjofo`d`ty teft fi jvnrdfp jh s`zn b gì%q$ r) `s josnrvnc

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FQQ_JU@GFS@JI\


45/60

Sen nxflt ljgputft`ji jh te`s p'vfdun lfi on lefddnik`ik hjr dfrkn

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@i te`s snttìk$ jin gfy rndy ji Gjitn'Lfrdj sfgpdìk$ fic

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lfrcìfd`ty q$ fi ngp`r`lfd prjofo`d`ty c`stròut`ji hjr

gìFF

p%|X F|$q$ |F|$I)

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35 * 81

LD^\SN_ XFD@CFS@JI


49/60

Sfvfzj`n nt fd %6000) prjv`cn jin jh ten strst vfd`cft`jis jh knin

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eypjtens`s

Ofsnc ji ijrgfd`znc g`lrj'frrfy t`gn snr`ns %6> t`gn pjìts$gjrn tefi 8$111 spnl`ns)$ fic fhtnr ijrgfd`zft`ji$


50/60

Ldustnr Qnr`jc`l`ty Iugonr jh G@Q\ huilt`jifd J_Hs w`teì Q vfdunìcnx J_Hs %i) lftnkjry %tjtfd J_Hs) huilt`jifd djk61

lftnkjry %b)

6 11; 683 ròjsjgfd prjtnìs %?18) 83 >3

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51/60

Sen iudd eypjtens`s ì ten prnv`jus fpprjfle fssugns f vnry

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prjpnrt`ns jh ten vfr`fodns %d`bn ten`r ljrrndft`ji strulturn) fic `s

tjj nfsy tj jutpnrhjrg

@i ten spnl`fd lfsn hjr we`le ten c`sljvnr`ns frn gfcn ì rndft`ji f

sjgn penijtypn$ f gjrn ìhjrgnc iudd eypjtens`s lfi on cnstinc @i te`s lfsn$ jin lfi fssnss wentenr usìk ten penijtypn

ìhjrgft`ji fltufddy endpnc ì c`sljvnrìk nir`legnits$ fs

jppjsnc tj tensn nir`legnits onìk jidy fssjl`ftnc tj strulturfd

prjpnrt`ns jh ten vfr`fodns

Sen Knin \nt Nir`legnit Fifdys`s %K\NF) `s ofsnc ji te`s

prìl`pdn

>6 * 81

K\NF %@@)


52/60

Dnt$ fs onhjrn F cnijtn ten ljddnlt`ji jh fdd pjssòdn nir`legnitsnts$ fic X ten c`sljvnrnc snt

Fssugn teft nfle vfr`fodn Us knts f sljrn$ sfy s$ gnfsurìk tennxtnit jh `ts rndft`jise`p w`te ten penijtypn

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sljrn$ wenrnfs$ hjr uirndftnc vfr`fodns$ ten sljrn `s nxpnltnc tj

hjddjw sjgn stxnc c`stròut`ji

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f t'tnst

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K\NF %@@)


53/60

Sen snt X onìk sndnltnc oy ternsejdcìk ten sljrns %hrjg ondjw

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Sen gjst rnlnit vnrs`ji jh K\NF usns ten suprngug jh ten

c`hhnrnilns ontwnni lugudft`vn c`stròut`ji huilt`jis$ d`bn ì ten

Bjdgjkjrjv'\g`rijvs stft`st`l$ out w`te wn`kets

>< * 81

K\NF %@@@)


54/60

Cnstin$ hjr p 1 fic O \=

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>3 * 81

K\NF %@X)


55/60

Se`s stft`st`l trnfts ten sljrns %s$ s \) fs f rficjg sfgpdn$nfle vfr`fodn ìcnx s onìk ljis`cnrnc fs fi josnrvft`ji

\ìln tensn sljrns invnr ljist`tutn fi ``c sfgpdn$ jin lfiijt

usn ten usufd iudd'eypjtens`s c`stròut`jis tj cntnrgìn

s`ki`stlfiln fic p'vfduns

Sen jr`kìfd sljrns s frn ljgputnc hrjg ten trfììk snt$ S$ sjteft N\p%F) 7 N\p%F2 S)

Ljis`cnr ten iudd eypjtens`s teft N\p%F2 S) cjns ijt cnpnic%stft`st`lfddy) ji ten penijtypn

Se`s lfi on tnstnc usìk pnrgutft`jis$ ljgputìk f dfrkn iugonrjh nir`legnit sljrns fssjl`ftnc tj trfììk snts S jotfìnc hrjgSw`te rficjg pnrgutft`jis jh ten vfduns jh ten penijtypns

>> * 81

_NGF_B


56/60

Senrn `s f strjik c`hhnrniln ontwnni ten v`nwpjìt fcjptnc ì te`sfifdys`s$ fic ten jin ofsnc ji ten eypnrknjgntr`l c`stròut`ji

@i ten dfttnr lfsn$ p'vfduns wnrn jotfìnc ofsnc ji f iudd

eypjtens`s fssugìk rficjg sfgpdìk w`teì ten snts jh

vfr`fodns Hjr K\NF$ rnsfgpdìk %v`f pnrgutft`jis) `s ofsnc ji ten

josnrvnc suomnlts ì ten trfììk snt$ fic ten iudd eypjtens`s `s

cnstinc ì tnrgs jh tensn josnrvft`jis

Sen snljic fpprjfle gfbns gjrn snisn out rnqu`rns ejwnvnr

wjrbìk ì rndft`ji w`te f penijtypn

>8 * 81

NUFGQDN


57/60

@i \uorfgfi`fi nt fd %?11>) ten futejrs rnpjrt f snr`ns jh rnsudts

hrjg nir`legnit fifdys`s ofsnc ji ten K\NF gntejc

Seny usnc lndd dìn cftf %IL@'81) tj try tj `cnit`hy tfrknts jh ten

Q>< trfislr`pt`ji hfltjr

Nir`legnits frn sjuket snpfrftndy jvnr hjur hfg`d`ns jh knin snts

%inxt sd`cn)

Sen penijtypn$ ì te`s lfsn$ `s ten Q>< gutft`ji stftus %pjs`t`vn

jr inkft`vn)$ we`le `s oìfry

>; * 81

V^JSNC H_JG \Ô_FGFI@FI NS FD


58/60

Lytjknint`l snts %L6$ snts ljrrnspjicìk tj lytjknint`l ofics Sensn snts frn endphud ì `cnit`hyìk nhhnlts rndftnc tj lerjgjsjgfdcndnt`jis jr fgpd`stlft`jis$ cjsfkn ljgpnisft`ji$ np`knint`l s`dnilìk$ fic jtenr rnk`jifd nhhnlts

Huilt`jifd snts %L?$ >?? knin snts) Se`s lftfdjk ìlducns 3;? snts ljitfììk knins wejsn prjcults frn ìvjdvnc ìspnl`stl gntfojd`l fic s`kifdìk pftewfys$ fs rnpjrtnc ì n`ket puod`ldy fvf`dfodn$ gfiufddy lurftnc cftfofsns$ fic >1snts ljitfììk knins ljrnkudftnc ì rnspjisn tj knint`l fic leng`lfd pnrturoft`jis$ fs rnpjrtnc ì vfr`jus

nxpnr`gnitfd pfpnrs _nkudftjry'gjt`h snts %L; knin snts) Se`s lftfdjk `s ofsnc ji jur rnlnit wjrb rnpjrtìk >; ljggjidy ljisnrvnc

rnkudftjry gjt`hs ì ten prjgjtnr rnk`jis jh eugfi knins fic gfbns `t pjssòdn tj dìb lefikns ì f g`lrjfrrfynxpnr`gnit tj f ljisnrvnc$ putft`vn l`s'rnkudftjry ndngnit

In`keojrejjc snts %L3$ 3?; knin snts) Sensn snts frn cnstinc oy nxprnss`ji in`keojrejjcs lnitnrnc jilfilnr'rndftnc knins

>5 * 81

V^JSNC H_JG \Ô_FGFI@FI NS FD


59/60

Sen p>


60/60

Knin \nt HC_

Nir`lenc ì p>< gutfit_fs s`kifdìk pftewfy 16;6

Nir`lenc ì p>< w`dc typnEypjx`f fic p>< ì ten lfrc`jvfsludfr systng 41116

\trnss ìcult`ji jh E\Q rnkudft`ji 41116p>< s`kifdìk pftewfy 41116p>< up'rnkudftnc knins 116

Documents

Lecture 6 (L. Younes)