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Protection Concepts
Protection Concepts
Protection Concepts
Protection Concepts
Ex ’e’
Ex ’e’
Ex ’e’
Ex ’e’
Ex ’n’
Ex ’n’
Ex ’n’
Ex ’n’
Joha
n va
n Z
yl
CO
NT
EN
T
•B
ackg
roun
d on
pro
tect
ion
conc
epts
•O
verv
iew
•M
ain
grou
ps /
met
hodo
logy
•E
quip
men
t pro
tect
ion
leve
ls (
EP
L)
•P
rote
ctio
n co
ncep
t Ex
’e’ &
Ex
’n’
•A
pplic
atio
n an
d re
fere
nces
•C
once
pts
•D
esig
n
•P
ro’s
and
Con
’s
•E
x ’n
’ Sup
plem
enta
ry m
arki
ngs
and
conc
epts
•In
spec
tion
and
mai
nten
ance
Pro
tect
ion
Co
nce
pt
Zo
ne(
s)M
eth
od
olo
gy
Intr
insi
c S
afet
y
ia0,
1,2
Lim
ited
en
erg
y -
will
no
t ca
use
ign
itio
n in
n
orm
al o
per
atio
n, w
ith
on
e fa
ult
an
d w
ith
an
y co
mb
inat
ion
of
two
fau
lts
app
lied
ib1,
2L
imit
ed e
ner
gy
-w
ill n
ot
cau
se ig
nit
ion
in
no
rmal
op
erat
ion
, wit
h o
ne
sin
gle
fau
lt a
pp
lied
ic2
Lim
ited
en
erg
y -
will
no
t ca
use
ign
itio
n in
no
rmal
op
erat
ion
Fla
mep
roo
fd
1,2
Exp
losi
on
co
nta
inm
ent,
will
no
t al
low
tra
nsm
issi
on
of
an
inte
rnal
exp
losi
on
to
th
e su
rro
un
din
g e
nvi
ron
men
t
Incr
ease
d S
afet
ye
1,2
Pre
ven
tio
n o
f ar
cs, s
par
ks a
nd
ho
t su
rfac
es in
n
orm
al o
per
atio
n
Pre
ssu
rise
dp
1,2
Exc
lud
es th
e h
azar
do
us
atm
osp
her
es b
y 50
Pa
po
siti
ve
pre
ssu
re o
f in
ert
gas
Po
wd
er F
illed
q1,
2H
igh
po
wer
ele
ctro
nic
s, s
uch
as
sole
no
ids,
cap
acit
ors
etc
. p
reve
nts
th
e ex
plo
sive
atm
osp
her
e re
ach
ing
a h
azar
d
En
cap
sula
tio
nm
1,2
Lig
ht
curr
ent
app
licat
ion
s an
d in
stru
men
tati
on
Oil
imm
ersi
on
o1,
2H
igh
cu
rren
t sw
itch
gea
r, t
ran
sfo
rmer
s et
c. p
reve
nts
th
e ex
plo
sive
atm
osp
her
e re
ach
ing
a h
azar
d
No
n s
par
kin
gn
2Is
no
t ca
pab
le o
f ca
usi
ng
an
ign
itio
n a
nd
fau
lts
are
un
likel
y to
occ
ur
Non sparking
EExnA
Ex ec
Restricted breathing
EEx nR
Simplified pressurization
EEx nP
Ex pz
Energy limiting apparatus
EEx nL
Ex ic
Sealed or encapsulated
device
EEx nC
Ex dc
Enclosed break
EEx nC
Ex mc
Herm
etically sealed
EExnC
Ex mc
Encapsulated
EExnC
Ex mc
PR
OT
EC
TIO
N C
ON
CE
PT
S
Th
ere
are
four
ba
sic
me
tho
ds
uti
lise
d i
n o
rde
r to
av
oid
un
-co
ntr
oll
ed
ig
nit
ion
s.
•E
xcl
usi
on
of
the
fla
mm
ab
le s
ub
sta
nce
.
•P
rev
en
tio
n o
f co
mp
on
en
t sp
ark
s o
r h
ot
surf
ace
s.
•E
xp
losi
on
qu
en
chin
g.
•E
ne
rgy
lim
ita
tio
n.
By
ap
ply
ing
in
div
idu
all
y o
r in
co
mb
ina
tio
n,
the
foll
ow
ing
pro
tect
ion
co
nce
pts
are
ap
pli
ed
to
eq
uip
me
nt
in o
rde
r to
ach
iev
e t
his
.
PR
OT
EC
TIO
N C
ON
CE
PT
S