Sommaire

Séquence 5

Communication Civilisation Grammaire Lexique

Phonologie Méthodologie

Séance 1Dialogue“St Patrick’s Day”Texte “Erin’s project”

Suivre une conversationComprendre un texte informatif

La famine irlandaise

Exprimer la cause et la conséquence (so, because, due to)

Séance 2Texte, « Kitty’s letter ».

Comprendre une lettreMettre en forme des notes pour rédiger une lettre

L’émigration irlandaise aux États-Unis

Révision prétérit

Séance 3Texte, « Kitty’s letter »

Comprendre une lettre

L’émigration irlandaise aux États-Unis

Utiliser le temps qui convient après when, until, as soon as.

Savoir inférer les mots

Séance 4Texte « Mary Cantrell’s diary »

Mettre en forme des notes pour écrire le récit d’un voyage

Les conditions d’un voyage transatlantique au XIXe siècle

Adjectifs en –ed, adjectifs en –ing.

Organiser et préparer une rédaction

Séance 5Texte “The Trail of Tears”

Écrire le récit d’un voyage

L’exil du peuple Cherokee

Séance 6Tâche finale

Écrire une lettre

— © Cned, Anglais 3e108

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 109

Séquence 5séance 1 —

Séance 1J’apprends des informations sur la famine irlandaise

J'apprends à exprimer la cause et la conséquence

Step 1

© Paul Cody

Look at this photograph.

Where do you think the picture was taken? (Look at the photograph very carefully, there are some clues!)

Describe what the men are wearing?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Do men in France dress like this? ………………………………………………..

What, do you think, is the nationality or origin of these men?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

This photograph was taken on the 17th of March. Who celebrates on the 17th of March?

Listen to find out if you were right!

So, were your answers right?

Listen again and take some notes. Then try to complete this table:

John’s ancestors: ……… ………………………………………..

Erin’s ancestors: …………………………………... Arrived in the ………….. century.

Reason for leaving Ireland: ………………………………………………. .

The Potato Famine

Number of victims: ………………………………….. Number who emigrated: .

Number of Irish-Americans today: …………………………………..

— © Cned, Anglais 3e110

Step 2Now look at the introduction to the project that Erin did in 7th grade.

The Great Irish Famine By Erin Kelly

In the 19th century Ireland was governed by Great Britain.The Irish people were very poor and had only potatoes to eat. In 1845 the potato plants caught a disease1 so the people couldn’t eat them. The people were very hungry and there was a terrible famine. It’s called the Great Irish Famine or the Potato Famine. In addition to being hungry many people fell ill.They were weak2 because they had nothing to eat. About one million people died in the famine due to famine or disease. Another one million people emigrated from Ireland to Britain and America. After the famine Ireland was still very poor and the people were often hungry so emigration to America and other countries continued. Between 1845 and 1900 at least three million Irish people arrived in the USA.

1- A disease (une maladie) 2- weak is the opposite of strong.

Observe les verbes qu'Erin utilise dans son exposé.

Quel temps utilise-t-elle ? ...................................................................................................

Quelle est la marque de ce temps (pour des verbes réguliers) ? ............................................

Mary emploie-t-elle des verbes irréguliers ? Si oui, lesquels ?

Écris-les ici (base verbale et forme du prétérit)

………………………………….. ...............................................................................................

………………………………….. ...............................................................................................

………………………………….. .............................................................................................. .

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RappelLe prétérit est le temps du récit d’événements passés.

Look at these sentences:

In 1845 the potato plants caught a disease* so the people couldn’t eat them.

Comme tu l'as déjà vu (AN 41 Séquence 12), « so » sert à introduire une conséquence.

In addition to being hungry many people fell ill. They were weak2 because they had nothing to eat.

Tu peux utiliser « in addition to » quand tu veux ajouter un élément à ce que tu as déjà mentionné. « To » est ici une préposition et doit être suivi d'un groupe nominal. Si tu mets un verbe après une préposition, tu dois le mettre à la forme du gérondif (c'est à dire que tu le transformes en nom en ajoutant -ing à la base verbale) : in addition to being hungry.

« Because » sert à introduire la raison de quelque chose, le « pourquoi ». « Because » est suivi d'une proposition. Si tu veux mettre un groupe nominal après « because », il faut ajouter « of » :Ex. : They emigrated because they were hungryEx. : They emigrated because of hunger.

About one million people died in the famine due to famine or disease.

Tu peux utiliser “due to” aussi pour introduire la raison ou le pourquoi de quelque chose. « Due to » est suivi d'un groupe nominal.

Séquence 5 — séance 1

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 111

Séance 2J’apprends l’histoire d’une émigrée

J'écris le récit d'un voyage

Step 3Erin’s ancestors were Irish. One of them, Mary Cantrell left Ireland in 1849 when she was 16 years old.

Look at a map of the world and find Ireland. Then find the USA. In 1849 how did people travel to the USA from Ireland?

by ship by coach by plane

They travelled by ………………………………

How long do you think the journey took? (Circle the right answer.)1- two days ®2- one week ®3- two weeks ®4- two months ®

Read the first part of Mary’s letter to a friend in Ireland and check your answers.

Then follow the instructions.

Liverpool, 5th December, 1849My dear Kitty,

This is my last letter before I leave Europe! I am sad that I have to leave Ireland forever but I have no choice. There is no work for me in Ireland and all my family died in the Famine.Tomorrow my ship leaves for America! I am excited but frightened too. It will take two weeks to cross the Atlantic.I arrived in Liverpool two days ago. It was a long and tiring journey. First I had to walk to Kilkenny City from our village. Then I travelled to Dublin by coach. After that I travelled by ship to Liverpool. Finally I had to walk from the port of Liverpool to the house where I am staying.There were too many people on the ship and we didn’t have much room. The crossing was very unpleasant because there was a big storm. I was seasick. I am not a good sailor!

Here in Liverpool I am staying with our old neighbours, the Lennon family. They have decided to stay here and not to travel to America. They are too afraid of the long voyage.I will write to you when I arrive in America. Your dear friend, Mary

Séquence 5séance 2 —

— © Cned, Anglais 3e112

1- Mary wrote this letter: (Circle the right answer.)

a) before she travelled to America

b) when she arrived in America

2- Where is Mary when she writes the letter?

.........................................................................................................................................3- Her reasons for going to America:

a) .................................................................................................................................

b) .................................................................................................................................

4- How does she feel about going to America? (3 adjectives)

a) .................................................................................................................................

b) .................................................................................................................................

c) .................................................................................................................................

5- How did she travel:

a) from her village to Kilkenny? ......................................................................................

b) from Kilkenny to Dublin? ..........................................................................................

c) from Dublin to Liverpool? .........................................................................................

d) from Liverpool to the house where she is staying? .......................................................

6- Can you find a word in the text which corresponds to “voyage” in French?

……………………………………………………… ........................................................................

7- Look at Mary’s description of her journey from her village to Liverpool. Find the words or expressions that tell us in which order Mary travelled.

a) ................................................. b) .................................................................

c) ................................................. d) .................................................................

Check and correct

Observe les verbes que Mary utilise pour décrire son voyage de son village à Liverpool.

Quel temps utilise-t-elle ? ...................................................................................................

Quel est la marque de ce temps (pour des verbes réguliers) ? ..............................................

Est-ce que Mary emploie des verbes irréguliers ? Si oui, lesquels ?

.........................................................................................................................................

Step 4The day before Mary arrived in Liverpool, Tom Kelly, a young Irish boy, also arrived there. He was also travelling to America. He was 16 years old. Before he left Liverpool he wrote to his brother, Peter. He used some notes in his diary to write his letter. Here are his notes. Use his notes to write the first part of his letter.

Before you start:

1- Choose the verbs you will use. (Choisis les verbes que tu vas utiliser.)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2- Check to see if they are regular or irregular.

Séquence 5 — séance 2

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 113

3- Remember the four words or expressions that Mary uses to help describe the chronological order of her journey. Include them in the letter.

Tom’s notes

Liverpool! 3 days ago.

Long journey: walk to Cork from village. Coach to Queenstown. Ship Queenstown to Liverpool. Walk to our uncle’s house in Liverpool from the port.

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Séquence 5séance 2 —

— © Cned, Anglais 3e114

Séance 3Je pratique l'inférence

J'apprends à utiliser le temps qui convient après when, as soon as et until

Step 5Look at the second part of Mary’s letter.

The port of Liverpool to the house where I am staying.There were too many people on the ship and we didn’t have much room. The crossing was very unpleasant because there was a big storm. I was seasick. I am not a good sailor!Here in Liverpool I am staying with our old neighbours, the Lennon family. They have decided to stay here and not to travel to America. They are too afraid of the long voyage.I will write to you when I arrive in America.

Your dear friend,Mary

Tu as déjà appris des méthodes pour deviner, ou inférer, le sens des mots inconnus. Applique ces méthodes maintenant pour deviner le sens des mots suivants.

Parfois l'inférence se fait à l'aide de plusieurs indices : le contexte, la transparence ou la composition du mot. - « unpleasant » est composé d'un adjectif transparent et d'un préfixe.

Propose une traduction en français : ........................................... ……………………………. .- le contexte t’a permis d'inférer le sens de « to cross the Atlantic » dans la première partie

de la lettre.

Alors comment dire « crossing » en français ? ................................ …………………………….- « seasick » est un mot composé. Trouve les deux mots qui le composent puis propose une

traduction ……………………………. .

- « storms » précède « seasick » dans la lettre et semble en être la cause.

Quel mot pourrait correspondre à « storm » en français ? …………………………… ...............

Check and correct

Now read the letter again and complete this table.1- Problems on the ship:

a) .................................................................................................................................

b) .................................................................................................................................

Séquence 5 — séance 3

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 115

2- The Lennon family are:

a) Irish

b) English

c) American

3- Why don’t the Lennons want to travel to America?

.........................................................................................................................................

4- What does Mary promise to do?

.........................................................................................................................................

Regarde cette phrase : I will write to you when I arrive in America.

Quel temps Mary utilise-t-elle après "when"? ......................................................................

Il s'agit du présent, bien sûr.

Le pronom « when » n'est pas suivi de « will », bien que l'on parle d'un événement futur. Il en est de même pour « as soon as (dès que) et « until » (jusqu'à).

j e retiens

Exercise 1

Complete these sentences and put the verbs in the correct form.

1- Mary will try to find work when she (arrive) in America.

.........................................................................................................................................

2- She will stay with friends until she (find) work.

.........................................................................................................................................

3- As soon as she (get) a job she will look for an apartment.

.........................................................................................................................................

Séquence 5séance 3 —

— © Cned, Anglais 3e116

Séance 4J'apprends les conditions d'émigration au XIXe siècle

J'écris le récit d'un voyage

Step 6

Mary Cantrell left Liverpool on the 6th of December 1849. Her ship crossed the Atlantic in winter. Can you imagine her journey?

Circle the adjectives you think describe it:

short long nice terrible unpleasant wonderful exciting

frightening terrifying relaxing tiring

Circle the difficulties you think she experienced:

weather storms too many people food water friends

seasickness disease

How do you think she felt?

happy sad excited scared frightened terrified seasick tired

relaxed hungry thirsty sick lonely

Ë Adjectives that end with -ed describe our feeling.

Ë Adjectives that end with -ing tell us about what causes our feeling.

Ex: The journey was terrifying so she felt terrified.

Séquence 5 — séance 4

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 117

Now look at these entries from Mary’s diary and see if you were right. (Mary kept a diary during her trip. A diary is a little book in which you write your experiences.)

6 th December : Goodbye to Lennons. Walked to ship. Went on board. Too many people. No room. Lonely, no family, no friends on ship! Other passengers nearly all Irish. Many sick, weak.

11 th December : Storms again. The third day! Seasick. Frightened. Hungry. Bad food (only biscuits). Many passengers ill. Two children died yesterday.

18 th December : Very hungry. No more food. Little water. Good news: a boy. Nice! Name: Tom Kelly.

22nd December: Can see America! Excited! Happy!

24th December: Landed in New York! Finally! Immigration station.

Some passengers sick/not allowed to land/put into quarantine. Myself and Tom accepted.

Step 7Mary promised to write a letter to her friend Kitty when she arrived in America.

Imagine the letter she wrote.

First of all, you must plan the letter. Complete this table to help you.

The journey (chronology): goodbye – walk to ship...……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

The problems: no family, no friends...

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

The consequences: lonely, seasick...

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Tense or form (temps du récit) ………………………………………………

Mary wrote some verbs in her diary but others are missing. Here are some that you will use:

say be feel have meet

Are they regular or irregular? Find the forms of the irregular verbs. Write them here:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

What words or expressions do you know ...a) to describe the order of events?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………b) to explain the consequence of something?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………c) to explain the cause or the reason for something?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Séquence 5séance 4 —

— © Cned, Anglais 3e118

When you have completed the table write your letter to Kitty here. Look at Mary’s letter in Lesson 2 to see how she started and ended her letter.

À la fin de ta lettre. Tu vas utiliser les notes suivantes :

Some passengers sick not allowed to land put into quarantine.

Myself and Tom accepted.

Mary, Tom et les passagers subissent l’action. Il faudrait donc utiliser la voix passive.

Exercise 2

Mary’s letter

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Séquence 5 — séance 4

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 119

Séance 5J'apprends des informations sur le « Trail of Tears »

J'écris le récit d'un voyage difficile

Step 8Tu as vu comment des millions d’immigrés européens sont arrivés aux États-Unis.

Mais ils n'étaient pas les premiers sur le continent nord-américain. Celui-ci était déjà peuplé par les « Indiens ». La cohabitation entre les nouveaux venus et les Indiens n'était pas toujours évidente, surtout pour ces derniers. Voici l’histoire d’une tribu, les Cherokees.

The Trail of Tears

The Cherokees lived on their ancestral lands in Georgia in the south east of the United States. In the early 19th century gold was discovered in Georgia and more and more white people arrived. The white people wanted the Cherokees' land so the government decided to move the Cherokees and send them west to “Indian territory” (now part of Oklahoma).

The Cherokees didn’t want to leave but in 1838 the government decided to force them to leave their land, their farms and their homes. The government sent 7000 soldiers to Georgia in order to force 17000 Cherokees off their land. The soldiers told the people they had to leave immediately. If they refused the soldiers dragged them from their houses and used their bayonets to make them leave. Some Cherokees were sent on boats by river but most had to follow a trail across the land. Others travelled in wagons but many had to walk a distance of 1200 miles!

The journey took six months and the conditions were terrible. There were many obstacles to cross: hills, mountains and rivers. It was winter and they had to travel through rain, sleet and snow. Some Cherokees had to walk barefoot. They had to cross hills and mountains. They had to cross big rivers. Even if they travelled on wagons they didn’t have enough food or warm clothes.

Many died of hunger or exposure (hypothermia). The nights were very cold and many had to sleep on the ground without any blankets. Of the 17,000 Cherokees forced to move, an estimated 4,000 died from hunger, exposure and exhaustion and disease.

The Cherokees called this forced migration “the trail where they cried”. Today the common name is the “Trail of Tears”.

Séquence 5séance 5 —

— © Cned, Anglais 3e120

Now complete this table:

Place the Cherokees lived before 1838

Place the Cherokees lived after 1838

Why the government forced them to move

What happened if they refused

Number of Cherokees forced to move

Total distance

How long the journey took

Obstacles

Weather

Number who died

Why they died (causes)

Check and correct

Read the text again and use the context to find equivalents for these French words or expressions:

chemin

larmes

la neige fondue

même si

pied nus

couvertures

Step 9John Ross was a 14-year-old Cherokee boy who made the journey from Georgia to Oklahoma. When he was an old man he wrote the story of his journey for a newspaper.

He made some notes before he started the article. Complete them and write his story.

Before you start decide what tense you will use. Write it here: ………………………………………..

Remember the obstacles the Cherokees faced:

……………………………………………………………………………..

Remember the weather: ……………………………………..

Think of adjectives to describe the journey: ………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………..……..…………………………………

Séquence 5 — séance 5

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 121

Think of adjectives to describe the feelings of the Indians:

…………………………………………………………………………..……..…………………………………

(Look at Lesson 4 again for ideas.)

Think of expressions you know

a) to explain the consequence of something

…………………………………………………………………………..……..…………………………………

b) to explain the cause or the reason for something

…………………………………………………………………………..……..…………………………………

Here are John’s notes:

Name/age in 1838/the place I lived .............................................................................

My family .................................................................................................................... ..

One night in October 1838 soldiers ............................................................................ ...

Walk/ 6 months/......................................................................................................... ...

Weather ...................................................................................................................... ..

Many obstacles .......................................................................................................... ...

My feelings ................................................................................................................. ...

When we arrived ........................................................................................................ ...

How I feel today ......................................................................................................... ...

Exercise 3

Now write John’s article:

…………………………………………………………………………..……..…………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………..……..…………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………..……..…………………………………

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Séquence 5séance 5 —

— © Cned, Anglais 3e122

Séance 6

je m’évalue

Exercise 11- Quel temps en anglais est utilisé pour le récit d'évènements passés ?

......................................................................................................

2- Quelle est la marque de ce temps (pour des verbes réguliers) ? ......................................................................................................

3- Ces verbes sont irréguliers. Écris la forme du prétérit pour chaque verbe.

be ...................

have ...................

catch ...................

can ...................

fall ...................

feel...................

Exercise 2Complete these sentences with « so » , « because », « in addition to » or “due to »:

1- The passengers on the ship were hungry ..................... there wasn’t enough food.

2- ....................... being hungry they were tired and frightened.

3- There wasn’t any food in Ireland ................... many of the inhabitants emigrated to America.

4- Many people on the ship were seasick ....................... bad storms.

5- My ancestors had lots of difficulties in America ....................... they were very poor.

6- The Cherokees didn’t have any blankets ....................... they were very cold at night.

Exercise 3Complete these sentences with a word from the box:

terrifying terrified excited exciting boring bored

1- The children were ....................... when the soldiers came and made them leave their homes.

2- The storms were ....................... for people on their first sea journey.

3- The emigrants were ....................... when they saw New York.

4- Passengers were often ....................... on the long sea journey because they had nothing to do.

Séquence 5 — séance 6

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 123

Exercise 4

Complete this text and put the verbs in the correct form:

Paddy Walsh is going to America next week. When Paddy (arrive) ....................... in America he (look) ....................... for a job. As soon as he (find)....................... a job he (search) ....................... an apartment. Until he (find) ....................... an apartment he (stay) ....................... with a cousin in the Bronx.

Exercise 5

Have you got a good memory? Answer these questions and find out!

1- In what century did the Potato Famine take place in Ireland? a) 18th century b) 19th century c) 20th century

2- How many people died because of the Potato Famine? .......................

3- How many Irish people emigrated because of the Potato famine? .......................

4- In what state did the Cherokees live before they were forced off their land? .......................

5- What was the name given to their journey? The Trail of .......................

Séquence 5séance 6 —

— © Cned, Anglais 3e124

Séance 7

Tâche finale

You are a student at Applewood School, in Sydney, Australia. Your teacher organised a

competition: all the students had to do a project about one of their ancestors. Your friend

Ben won the competition and now the teacher wants the students to read his work and then

do an exercise. Read Ben’s project and then follow the teacher’s instructions. (Tu es élève à

Applewood School à Sydney en Australie. Ton professeur a organisé un concours. À cette occasion, tous les

élèves ont dû faire des recherches pour présenter la vie de l’un de leurs ancêtres. Ton ami Ben a gagné le

concours et maintenant le professeur demande à tous les élèves de lire le travail de Ben puis de réaliser une

tâche. Lis le récit de Ben et suis la consigne).

My ancestors: a project by Ben Winterhayes, Applewood School, Sydney, New South Wales.I am very proud of one of my ancestors, John Winterhayes. He arrived on a ship from England in 1820. He was a criminal! Well, not exactly a criminal. This is his story:John was born in London. His father died when he was 13 years old. His family were very poor and often hungry. One cold winter’s day, he stole some food in the market because he was very hungry.John was caught and brought before a magistrate. In those days the British used to send their prisoners to Australia. New South Wales was a prison colony and John was sent there for seven years.At that time the journey to Australia was very difficult. The journey took at least three months.There were often bad storms and there wasn’t much food for the prisoners. Sometimes the weather was very hot and sometimes very cold. The prisoners were often sick and sometimes died before they arrived in Australia.My ancestor John never returned to England again. He never saw his mother, or his little brothers and sisters, again. But he met a girl called Heather MacMaster and they got married in Sydney in 1830.That’s the story of one of my ancestors!

Séquence 5 — séance 7

© Cned, Anglais 3e — 125

Read the story of Ben’s ancestor.

John Winterhayes wrote a letter to his mother when he arrived in New South Wales.

Imagine the letter he wrote to her. You must mention:

a) his feelings when he left England

b) how long the journey took

c) the weather, the food, other problems

d) his feelings during the journey

e) arriving in Australia.

Don’t forget to start and end the letter correctly.

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Séquence 5séance 7 —