Tests d'hypothèses

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    Zmsts j`ypot`smsLoymbbm &[roportcob

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    Wumst-fm quubm

    `ypot`sm ?

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    Cbirmbfm

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    Tcsqums jmrrmurJfcscob

    @ypot`smmstffmptm

    @ypot`smmst rm!mtm

    T

    "ct

    @ypot`smmst #rcm

    @ypot`smmst iussm

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    $rrmur jm typm C

    Tm!mt jm "`ypot`sm %" jf"rmr iussm "orsqumb r"ct' m""m mst #rcm(

    [ro))c"ct jm fo**mttrm fmttm mrrmur jbs jms

    fobjctcobs jobbms + ( ,m f`mrf`mur jfcjm ju rcsqum jmrrmur jm typm C

    quc" mst prt . prmbjrm( /b ppm""m fm rcsqumjmrrmur "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcobju tmstj`ypot`sm(

    $b prtcqum' "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob msttrjctcobbm""m*mbt jm 4 6( ,orsqum "msfobsqumbfms sobt ;r#ms' ob prmbjr "ors ubsmuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob jm :6(

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    =tpms jm tout tmst

    j`ypot`sm

    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt"`ypot`sm "tmrbtc#m Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm

    sc;bc7ftcob mt " jcstrc)utcob

    sttcstcqum ssofcm Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs

    frctcqums

    9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm"f`btc""ob Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr

    "`ypot`sm bu""m Cbtmrprtmr(

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    ,ms `ypot`sms

    ,`ypot`sm bu""m portm tou!ours";"ct(

    ,`ypot`sm "tmrbtc#m mst ubmcb;"ct strcftm( Fm bmst pgs ebobf jm

    e`ypot`sm posm quc jtmrlcbmqumeem smrg e`ypot`sm bueem, lgcsehgect qumeem fobtcmbt ou bmfobtcmbt pgs.

    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m

    Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm

    Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm "f`btc""ob

    Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm bu""m

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    $8m*p"ms + C" y :4 6 jm ;uf`mrs jbs "

    popu"tcob( C" y p"us jm : mbibt sur 0 . "

    *tmrbm""m quc mst #u"br)"m uWu)mf(

    C" y mb *oymbbm u *ocbs 3 ;uf`mrspr f"ssm(

    $b *oymbbm' "ms ptcmbts ybt rm1u "mtrctm*mbt obt ;urc p"us #ctm qum fmu8

    quc obt rm1u "m p"fm)o( C" y p"us jm 7""ms qum jm ;r1obs mb

    >ocbs cb7r*cmrs $b *oymbbm' "ms ;mbs rmtcmbbmbt p"us

    jm *ots "orsquc"s sobt jbs ub

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    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m

    Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm

    Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm "f`btc""ob

    Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm bu""m

    >muc" jm sc;bc7ftcob

    9obscjrobs 5 4 6 Em bcvmgu jm fobigbfm mst

    pgr fobsqumbt jm 3= % soct!3 "ocs sur #$.

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    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m

    Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm

    Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm "f`btc""ob

    Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm bu""m

    Jcstrc)utcob

    &roportcob '

    /b #oujr b < 2 %mt utrms

    fobjctcobs ,oc bor*"m

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    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m

    Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm

    Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm "f`btc""ob

    Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm bu""m

    Jcstrc)utcob

    (oymbbm '

    >c " popu"tcob mst bor*"m*mbt

    jcstrc)um b < 2' "ors "oc bor*"m b K 2' t->tujmbt #mf j("( 5 b - :

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    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m

    Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm

    Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm "f`btc""ob

    Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm bu""m

    Jcstrc)utcob

    (oymbbm '

    >c " jcstrc)utcob jm " popu"tcob mst

    cbfobbum /b m8c;m b < 2' "ors "oc bor*"m

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    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m

    Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm

    Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm

    "f`btc""ob Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm

    G"murs frctcqums

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    G"mur sttcstcqum

    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "

    jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm

    "f`btc""ob Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm

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    Jfcscob

    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "

    jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm

    "f`btc""ob Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm

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    Jfcscob

    J7bcr "`ypot`sm bu""m %mt "`ypot`sm"tmrbtc#m Jtmr*cbmr "m smuc" jm sc;bc7ftcob mt "

    jcstrc)utcob sttcstcqum ssofcm Jtmr*cbmr " ou "ms #"murs frctcqums 9"fu"mr " #"mur sttcstcqum jm

    "f`btc""ob Jfcjmr %ffmptmr ou rm!mtmr "`ypot`sm