eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ · 3 -8_ æk}7f/LÆ eGgfn] ljb]zL d'n'saf6 g]kfnleq dfnj:t' Nofpg] sfd ;Demg' k5{ . -9_ æa08]8 j]o/ xfp;Æ eGgfn] ljb]zdf lgsf;L ul/g] jf :jb]zd} kl/jTo{

www.lawcommission.gov.np

1

eG;f/ P]g, @)^$

k|df0fLs/0f / k|sfzg ldlt

@)^$.%.!$

;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g

!= s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ @)&@.!!.!#

@= s]xL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg, PsLs/0f, ;dfof]hg /

vf/]h ug]{ P]g, @)&$ @)&$.^.#)

Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] agfPsf] @)^$ ;fnsf] P]g g= !^

eG;f/ ;DaGwL sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug{ ag]sf] P]g

k|:tfjgf M eG;f/ k|zf;gnfO{ Jojl:yt, kf/bzL{ Pj+ pQ/bfoL agfO{ cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/nfO{ ;'/lIft

Pj+ ;xh agfpg eG;f/ ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n],

Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .

kl/R5]b–!

k|f/lDes

!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ of] P]gsf] gfd æeG;f/ P]g, @)^$Æ /x]sf] 5 .

-@_ of] bkmf t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 / cGo bkmfx? g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf

;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] ldltb]lv k|f/De x'g]5g\ .

@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–

-s_ æs/d'Qm k;nÆ eGgfn] a}Í hdfgt ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L ul/Psf dfnj:t'

s"6gLlts ;'ljwf jf dx;'n ;'ljwf k|fKt JolQmnfO{ laqmL ug{ jf cGt/f{li6«o

p8fgsf] Sof6l/Ë jf To:tf] p8fgsf] s/d'Qm k;ndf laqmLsf] nflu

;DalGwt xjfO{ sDkgLnfO{ laqmL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] :jLs[lt lbPsf] k;n

;Demg' k5{ .

-v_ æsf/f]af/ d"NoÆ eGgfn] k}7f/Lstf{n] k}7f/L u/]sf] dfnj:t'sf] laqm]tfnfO{

k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf jf:tljs ?kdf e'QmfgL u/]sf] jf e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{

cGo bkmfx? ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn a}zfv !% ut]b]lv nfu" ePsf] -ldlt @)^%.!.!% sf] /fhkqdf k|sflzt ;"rgf cg';f/_ .


2

/sddf To:tf] dfnj:t' g]kfnsf] ;Ldf;Dd NofpFbf nfu]sf] jf nfUg ;Sg]

ef8f, aLdf tyf cGo ;Da4 vr{ hf]8L x'g cfpg] s"n /sd ;Demg' k5{ .

-u_ æs"6gLlts ;'ljwfÆ eGgfn] s'g} dfnj:t' hfFr gu/L, dx;'n glnO{ nut

dfq /fvL lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ lbOg] ;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot ;Demg' k5{ .

-3_ æ3f]if0ffÆ eGgfn] lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug]{

dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0f k|1fkgkqdf pNn]v ug]{ jf ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 tf]lsP

adf]lhd ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-ª_ ærf]/L lgsf;LÆ eGgfn] eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t' eG;f/ dx;'n glt/L,

n'sfO{ l5kfO{ jf af6f] 5nL jf eG;f/ dx;'n gnfUg] dfnj:t' eP klg o;

P]g adf]lhd 3f]if0ff gu/L g]kfnaflx/ n}hfg] sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-r_ ærf]/L k}7f/LÆ eGgfn]] eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t' eG;f/ dx;'n glt/L,

n'sfO{ l5kfO{ jf af6f] 5nL jf eG;f/ dx;'n gnfUg] dfnj:t' eP klg o;

P]g adf]lhd 3f]if0ff gu/L g]kfnleq Nofpg] sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ .

-5_ æhfFFrÆ eGgfn] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'' 3f]if0ff ul/P adf]lhd 5

5}g egL olsg ug{ eG;f/ sfof{non] To:tf] dfnj:t' jf ;f] dfnj:t'

;DaGwL sfuhft jf b'j}sf] k/LIf0f ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ljb]zL

d'n'saf6 g]kfnleq k|j]z ug]{ jf g]kfnaf6 ljb]zL d'n'sdf k|:yfg ug]{

ofq'sf] z/L/sf] tnf;L / PS;–/] ug]{ sfo{ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-h_ æhfFFrkf;Æ eGgfn] eG;f/ clws[tn] o; P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod

adf]lhd eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 s'g} dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ jf p7fO{

n}hfg lbPsf] cg'dlt ;Demg' k5{ .

-´_ æhfFrkf;kl5sf] k/LIf0fÆ eGgfn] bkmf #$ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0f ;Demg' k5{ .

-`_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsP adf]lhdÆ eGgfn] o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf

tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsP adf]lhd ;Demg' k5{ .

-6_ ælgsf;LÆ eGgfn] g]kfnaf6 ljb]zL d'n'sdf dfnj:t' k7fpg] sfd ;Demg'

k5{ .

-7_ æk|1fkgkqÆ eGgfn] lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug]{

dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0f 3f]if0ff ug]{ kmf/fd ;Demg' k5{ .


3

-8_ æk}7f/LÆ eGgfn] ljb]zL d'n'saf6 g]kfnleq dfnj:t' Nofpg] sfd ;Demg'

k5{ .

-9_ æa08]8 j]o/ xfp;Æ eGgfn] ljb]zdf lgsf;L ul/g] jf :jb]zd} kl/jTo{

ljb]zL d'b|fdf laqmL ul/g] dfnj:t' pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{

jf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ jf s/d'Qm k;ndf laqmL ul/g] dfnj:t' a}Í

hdfgt ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/L /fVg ljefuaf6 Ohfht k|fKt uf]bfd ;Demg'

k5{ .

-0f_ æa}ÍÆ eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd a}lÍË sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtk|fKt

jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;D´g' k5{ .

-t_ æa}+Í hdfgtÆ eGgfn] s'g} lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf

k}7f/L ubf{ a'emfpg' kg]{ dx;'n lghn] ga'emfPdf cfk"mn] ltl/lbg] u/L a}Ín]

eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ lbg] hdfgt ;Demg' k5{ .

-y_ æa}+Í hdfgt ;'ljwfÆ eGgfn] s'g} lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ a}Í

hdfgtsf] cfwf/df dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ kfpg] u/L k|bfg ul/Psf]

;'ljwf ;Demg' k5{ .

-b_ æeG;f/ clws[tÆ eGgfn] k|d'v eG;f/ k|zf;s, k|d'v eG;f/ clws[t jf

eG;f/ clws[t ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nosf] k|d'v /

bkmf *$ adf]lhd cy{ dGqfnon] tf]s]sf] clwsf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-w_ æeG;f/ Ph]G6Æ eGgfn] bkmf %! adf]lhd Ohfhtk|fKt JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .

-g_ æeG;f/ sfof{noÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] bkmf $ adf]lhd :yfkgf u/]sf]

eG;f/ sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] eG;f/ sfof{no kl/;/ /

g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo If]q

;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-k_ æeG;f/ uf]bfdÆ eGgfn] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'' /fVgsf] nflu

eG;f/ sfof{nodf agfOPsf] 3/, ejg, 5fk|f] jf cGo o:t} ;+/rgf jf s'g}

:yfg ;Demg' k5{ .

-km_ æeG;f/ dx;'nÆ eGgfn] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'df sfg"g adf]lhd

nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n ;Demg' k5{ .


4

-a_ æeG;f/ d"NoÆ eGgfn] eG;f/ dx;'n lgwf{/0f ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu lgsf;L

jf k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'sf] bkmf !# jf !^ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] d"No

;Demg' k5{ .

-e_ æeG;f/ If]qÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] bkmf # adf]lhd tf]lslbPsf] eG;f/ If]q

;Demg' k5{ .

-d_ ædx;'nÆ eGgfn] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'df sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg]

;a} s/, z'Ns / b:t'/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] eG;f/ dx;'n ;d]tnfO{

hgfpF5 .

-o_ ædx;'n ;'ljwfÆ eGgfn] s'g} dfnj:t' dx;'n glnO{, hfFr u/L jf gu/L

nut dfq /fvL lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ lbOg] ;'ljwf ;Demg' k5{ .

-/_ ædxflgb]{zsÆ eGgfn] eG;f/ ljefusf] dxflgb]{zs ;Demg' k5{ .

-n_ ædfnj:t''Æ eGgfn] d'b|f nufot h'g;'s} k|sf/sf] rn j:t' jf ;DklQ

;Demg' k5{ .

-j_ æJolQmÆ eGgfn] k|fs[lts JolQm ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sfg"g adf]lhd btf{

ePsf] s'g} sDkgL, ;Ël7t ;+:yf / kmd{ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-z_ æljefuÆ eGgfn] eG;f/ ljefu ;Demg' k5{ .

-if_ æljnDa z'Ns -8]d/]h_Æ eGgfn] lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] eG;f/

sfof{non] ;~rfng u/]sf] eG;f/ uf]bfddf /fv]sf] dfnj:t' tf]lsPsf]

Dofbleq gp7fPdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ltg'{ kg]{ z'Ns ;D´g' k5{ .

-;_ æ;jf/L ;fwgÆ eGgfn] ofqf ug{ jf dfnj:t' cf];f/k;f/ ug{ k|of]u x'g] jf

ePsf] h'g;'s} ;fwg ;Demg' k5{ .

kl/R5]b–@

eG;f/ If]q tyf eG;f/ sfof{no ;DaGwL Joj:yf

#= eG;f/ If]q tyf af6f] tf]Sg ;Sg] M -!_ eG;f/ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k|zf;g ug]{ tyf o; P]g

adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n ;Íng ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf

k|sfzg u/L g]kfnsf] s'g} If]qnfO{ eG;f/ If]qsf] ?kdf tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .


5

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] eG;f/ If]qaf6 g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'g] jf g]kfnaf6

lgsf;L x'g] af6f] g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'g] jf g]kfnaf6 lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t' pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf]

af6f]af6 dfq lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] cwLgdf /xL s'g} vf; k|s[ltsf dfnj:t'x?nfO{ s'g} vf;

eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 dfq lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ ;Sg] u/L dxflgb]{zsn] tf]lslbg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg tf]lsP adf]lhdsf dfnj:t'

jf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf d"No;Ddsf dfnj:t' 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{

;Sg] u/L dxflgb]{zsn] tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

$= eG;f/ sfof{nosf] :yfkgf M g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L s'g}

eG;f/ If]qdf eG;f/ sfof{no jf 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

kl/R5]b–#

eG;f/ dx;'n ;DaGwL Joj:yf

%= eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] M o; P]g jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 ePsf]df

afx]s lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g] k|To]s dfnj:t'df eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .

^= lgsf;L ePsf] dfnj:t' k'gM k}7f/L u/]df dx;'n nfUg] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfndf pTkfbg jf

tof/ eO{ lgsf;L ePsf] dfnj:t' k'gM k}7f/L u/]df To:tf dfnj:t'df ljb]zL d'n'sdf

pTkfbg jf tof/ ePsf To:t} k|sf/sf jf Tolt g} d"No kg]{ dfnj:t' k}7f/L u/] ;/x

dx;'n nfUg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfo adf]lhd lkmtf{ cfPsf]

dfnj:t'df eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] 5}g M–

-s_ x'nfs dfk{mt k'lnGbfaf6 lgsf;L eO{ uPsf] t/ ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{

a'emfpg g;sL lkmtf{ cfPsf], jf

-v_ eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 hfFrkf; eO;s]kl5 jf ljb]zdf k'lu;s]kl5

;DalGwt JolQmn] lng c:jLsf/ u/L lkmtf{ cfPsf], jf

-u_ b'3{6gf jf k|fs[lts k|sf]kdf k/L] u'0f:t/ sfod /xg g;sL lkmtf{

cfPsf] .


6

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ cfPsf] dfnj:t''sf] sRrf kbfy{ / ;xfos sRrf

kbfy{ k}7f/L ubf{ dx;'n glt/L k}7f/L ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] kl/df0fdf nfu]sf]

sRrf kbfy{ / ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] dx;'n ;d]t c;"n ul/g]5 .

&= eG;f/ sfof{nodf 5f8]sf dfnj:t''df dx;'n gnfUg] M -!_ s'g} k}7f/Lstf{n] cfkm"n] k}7f/L

u/]sf] dfnj:t'' eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 g5'6fO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g] u/L eG;f/ sfof{nod}

5f8\g lgj]bg lbPdf To:tf] dfnj:t''df dx;'n nfUg] 5}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 5fl8Psf] dfnj:t'' g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfk}m k|of]u ug{ jf o;

P]g adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .

t/ To:tf] dfnj:t'' k|of]udf cfpg g;Sg] jf nLnfd laqmL ;d]t x'g g;Sg]

cj:yfsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] dfnj:t'' eG;f/ clws[tn] eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 tf]lsP adf]lhd

x6fpg jf gi6 ug{ ;Sg]5 / To;/L x6fpg jf gi6 ug{ nfUg] vr{ ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{af6}

c;"npk/ ul/g]5 .

*= dx;'n lgwf{/0fsf] cfwf/ ldlt M -!_ lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] dx;'n ;f]

dfnj:t'sf] k|1fkgkq eG;f/ sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf] ldltdf sfod /x]sf] dx;'n b/

adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ul/g] 5 .

t/, dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{nodf cfOk'Ug' cufj} k|1fkgkq eG;f/ sfof{nodf btf{

ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] dfnj:t' ;f] sfof{nodf cfOk'u]sf] ldltdf sfod /x]sf] dx;'n b/

adf]lhd dx;'n lgwf{/0f ul/g] 5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf dfnj:t'sf] dx;'n

b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 M–

-s_ s"6gLlts ;'ljwf, dx;'n ;'ljwf jf cf+lzs jf k"0f{ dx;'n 5'6df

k}7f/L ePsf dfnj:t'sf] xsdf To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] dx;'n a'emfpg]

ldltdf sfod /x]sf] dx;'n b/ adf]lhd,

-v_ a}Í hdfgt ;'ljwf cGtu{t k}7f/L ePsf dfnj:t'sf] xsdf To:tf]

dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ePsf] ldltdf sfod /x]sf] dx;'n b/ adf]lhd .


7

kl/R5]b–$

eG;f/ dx;'n ;'ljwf, 5'6 tyf cGo ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joj:yf

(= s"6gLlts ;'ljwf, dx;'n ;'ljwf / eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ kIf ePsf]

låkIfLo jf ax'kIfLo ;lGw jf ;Dem}ftf adf]lhd s"6gLlts ;'ljwf jf dx;'n ;'ljwf lbg'

kg]{ lgsfo, kbflwsf/L jf JolQmnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6« dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df

tf]lsP adf]lhd s"6gLlts ;'ljwf jf dx;'n ;'ljwf lbOg]5 .

-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ;f]xL

;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] JolQm jf lgsfon] k}7f/L ug]{ ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf

dfnj:t'df s"6gLlts ;'ljwf jf dx;'n ;'ljwf lbg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ;f]xL

;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf dfnj:t'df k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .

-$_ j}b]lzs C[0f jf cg'bfg ;xof]udf ;+rfng ul/g] cfof]hgfsf] nflu To:tf

cfof]hgf jf To:tf] cfof]hgfsf] 7]s]bf/sf gfddf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'df g]kfn ;/sf/n] k"0f{

jf cf+lzs ?kdf eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ cGt/f{li6«o jfo';]jf sDkgLn] cGt/f{li6«o p8fgdf pkof]u ug]{ OGwg,

xjfOhxfhsf] OlGhg, kf6{k'hf{, oGq pks/0f, p8fgdf vkt x'g] vfB ;fdu|L, dlb/f, lao/

Pj+ xNsf k]o kbfy{df g]kfn ;/sf/n] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .

-^_ g]kfnsf] s'g} efuaf6 ljb]zsf] af6f] u/L k'gM g]kfnleq NofOg] dfnj:t'sf]

;DaGwdf dx;'n ;'ljwf lbg] Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-&_ ljb]zaf6 g]kfnsf] af6f] u/L k'gM ljb]z k7fOg] dfnj:t'df dx;'n ;'ljwf lbg]

Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

!)= a08]8 j]o/xfp;sf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] M a08]8 j]o/xfp;sf] ;'ljwf lng rfxg]

JolQmnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] a08]8 j]o/xfp;sf] ;'ljwf lbg pko'Qm b]v]df tf]lsP adf]lhdsf]

zt{sf cwLgdf /xL a08]8 j]o/ xfp; ;~rfng ug]{ u/L tf]lsP adf]lhd ;'ljwf lbg

;Sg]5 .

!!= a}Í hdfgt ;''ljwf cGtu{t k}7f/L ug]{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g}

JolQmnfO{ s'g} dfnj:t'' a}+Í hdfgt ;''ljwf cGtu{t k}7f/L ug]{ ;'ljwf tf]lsP adf]lhd

k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .


8

-@_ s'g} pBf]un] dfnj:t' tof/ u/L lgsf;L ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{ sRrf

kbfy{ jf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ jf s/d'Qm k;n ;~rfngsf] nflu k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t''

tf]lsPsf] zt{ adf]lhd a}Í hdfgt ;'ljwf cGtu{t k}7f/L ug]{ ;'ljwf g]kfn ;/sf/n]

tf]lsP adf]lhd k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k}7f/L ug]{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{, ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{non]

To;/L k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] dx;'nsf] cltl/Qm pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] zt{ pNn+3g u/]df

lghnfO{ nfUg;Sg] cGo s'g} dx;'n, z'Ns jf x'g ;Sg] hl/afgf /sd ;d]tsf] a}Í hdfgt

lng' kg]{5 .

!@= ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf cjl:yt pBf]un] k}7f/L tyf lgsf;L ug]{ dfnj:t'df g]kfn ;/sf/n]

eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 tyf cGo ;'ljwf lbg] M -!_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf cjl:yt pBf]un] k}7f/L

tyf lgsf;L ug]{ b]xfosf dfnj:t'df g]kfn ;/sf/n] a}Í hdfgtdf eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 tyf

cGo ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{]5 M–

-s_ lgsf;L ug]{ tof/L dfnj:t' pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{,

;xfos sRrf kbfy{, KoflsË ;fdu|L Pj+ pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] cGo

kbfy{ ,

-v_ pBf]usf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Knf06, d]lzg/L, oGq pks/0f,

cf}hf/x? tyf kf6{k'hf{ / pBf]usf] cfsf/ / k|s[ltsf] cfwf/df

tLgj6f;Dd ;jf/L ;fwg .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æljz]if cfly{s If]qÆ eGgfn] g]kfn

;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ljz]if cfly{s If]q egL tf]lslbPsf]

If]qnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-@_ s'g} k}7f/Lstf{n] k}7f/L u/]sf] dfnj:t' ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf cjl:yt pBf]unfO{

tf]lsP adf]lhd laqmL u/]df lghn] To:tf] dfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ eG;f/ dx;'n lt/]sf] /x]5

eg] eG;f/ sfof{non] lghnfO{ To:tf] eG;f/ dx;'n tf]lsP adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbg]]5 .

-#_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qaflx/ /x]sf] s'g} pBf]un] pTkfbg u/]sf] tof/L dfnj:t' ljz]if

cfly{s If]qleq cjl:yt pBf]unfO{ laqmL u/]df ;f] laqmLnfO{ lgsf;L u/] ;/x dfgL lgsf;L

ubf{ kfP ;/xsf] eG;f/ dx;'n tyf cGo ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .

-$_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf cjl:yt pBf]un] eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6df k}7f/L ePsf sRrf

kbfy{af6 tof/ ePsf dfnj:t' ;DalGwt pBf]un] g]kfndf vkt ug]{ u/L laqmL u/]df


9

To:tf] dfnj:t'df k|of]u ePsf] sRrf kbfy{df nfUg] dx;'n a'emfPkl5 dfq To:tf] dfnj:t'

ljz]if cfly{s If]q aflx/ n}hfg lbOg] 5 .

-%_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf /x]sf] pBf]un] ljz]if cfly{s If]qleq jf aflx/ s;}nfO{

dx;'n 5'6df cfoft u/]]sf] dfnj:t'sf] :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf k|lqmof tf]sL

g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf]

cfb]zsf] kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt pBf]usf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b–%

eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf

!#= k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug]{ cfwf/ M -!_ k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t''sf] eG;f/

d"No lgwf{/0f ubf{ ljZj Jofkf/ ;Ë7gsf] eG;f/ dx;'n tyf Jofkf/ ;DaGwL ;fdfGo

;Demf}tf -hg/n Plu|d]G6 cg 6]l/ˆ; P08 6]«8_ !(($ sf] wf/f & sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu

;DkGg ePsf] ;De}mftfdf plNnlvt eG;f/ d"NofÍg ;DaGwL lgodx?, cg';"rL / JofVof

cjnDag ul/g]5 .

-@_ k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No pkbkmf -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL To:tf]

dfnj:t'sf] sf/f]af/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

-#_ k}7f/Lstf{n] cfk"mn] k}7f/L u/]sf] dfnj:t'sf] d"No k|dfl0ft ug]{ ljj/0f tyf

sfuhft ;+nUg u/L sf/f]af/ d"No 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ k}7f/Lstf{n] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd 3f]if0ff u/]sf] sf/f]af/ d"No pkbkmf -!_

cg'?ksf] ePdf eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] sf/f]af/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No

lgwf{/0f ug]{5 . To:tf] sf/f]af/ d"Nodf ef8f, aLdf tyf cGo ;Dj4 vr{ ;dfj]z ePsf]

gb]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] ;f]sf nflu nfUg ;Sg] cg'dflgt /sd hf]8L sf/f]af/ d"No

lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] cg'dflgt /sd sfod ug]{ cfwf/ dxflgb]{zsn] tf]Sg

;Sg]5 .

-^_ k}7f/Lstf{n] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd 3f]if0ff u/]sf] d"No zÍf:kb 5 eGg] ljZjf;

ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f ePdf eG;f/ clws[tn] lgh;Fu To:tf] d"No jf:tljs sf/f]af/ d"No

xf] egL k|dfl0ft ug]{ yk sfuhft jf k|df0f lnlvt ?kdf dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L dfu

ePsf sfuhft pknAw u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L To:tf] k}7f/Lstf{sf] x'g]5 .


10

-&_ k}7f/Lstf{n] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd 3f]if0ff u/]sf] sf/f]af/ d"No jf k]z u/]sf]

aLn, aLhs / sfuhftsf cfwf/df s'g} dfnj:t''sf] eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f x'g g;s]df

To;sf] sf/0f ;lxtsf] ;"rgf eG;f/ clws[tn] ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-*_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sf/f]af/ d"Nosf cfwf/df eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug{

g;lsPdf To:tf] dfnj:t''sf] eG;f/ d"No To:tf] dfnj:t' k}7f/L x'g'eGbf klxn] g]kfndf

k}7f/L eO;s]sf] ;d?ksf] dfnj:t'' -cfO8]l06sn u'8\;_ sf] sf/f]af/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df

lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;d?ksf dfnj:t' -cfO8]l06sn u'8\;_Æ

eGgfn] agf}6, u'0f, k|s[lt / ljz]iftf nufot ;Dk"0f{ s'/f Ps} lsl;dsf] ePsf]

dfnj:t' ;Demg' k5{ .

-(_ pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd ;d?ksf] dfnj:t'sf] sf/f]af/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df eG;f/

d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ g;lsPdf To:tf] dfnj:t''sf] eG;f/ d"No g]kfndf klxn] k}7f/L ePsf]

ldNbf]h'Nbf] dfnj:t' -l;ldn/ u'8\;_ sf] sf/f]af/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ældNbf]h'Nbf] dfnj:t' -l;ldn/ u'8\;_Æ

eGgfn] ;a} s'/fdf p:t} gePsf t/ p:t} agf}6 ;fdu|Lsf] c+z / p:t} p:t}

ljz]iftf ePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ p:t} sfd ug{ ;Sg] / Jofkfl/s ?kdf ;f6km]/ x'g

;Sg] dfnj:t' ;Demg' k5{ .

-!)_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd ldNbf]h'Nbf] dfnj:t'sf] sf/f]af/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df eG;f/

d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ g;lsPdf To:tf] dfnj:t'' cl3 g} g]kfndf k}7f/L eO{ ahf/df

k}7f/Lstf{;Fu c;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ laqmL ePsf] /x]5 eg] To;/L laqmL ePsf] clwstd

OsfOsf] k|lt OsfO{ laqmL d"Nodf g]kfndf nfu]sf] s/, dx;'n, cGo ;Dj4 vr{ / d'gfkmf

s6fO{ -l88lS6e Eofn' d]y8 cg';f/_ To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

-!!_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ g;lsPdf To:tf] dfnj:t''

pTkfbg jf lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] vr{ / ;f] dfnj:t' k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ laqmL ubf{ ljq]mtfn]

lnPsf] jf lng ;Sg] d'gfkmf ;d]t u0fgf u/L -sDKo'6]8 Eofn' d]y8 cg';f/_ eG;f/ d"No

lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

-!@_ pkbkmf -!!_ adf]lhd eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ g;lsPdf eG;f/ clws[tn]

pkbkmf -@_, -*_, -(_, -!)_ / -!!_ ljk/Lt gx\'g] u/L dgfl;a cfwf/df To:tf] dfnj:t'sf]

eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .


11

-!#_ pkbkmf -!)_ / -!!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k}7f/Lstf{n] pkbkmf

-!)_ eGbf klxn] pkbkmf -!!_ sf] k|lqmof cjnDag u/L eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ul/lbgsf

nflu cg'/f]w u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] pkbkmf -!!_ adf]lhd eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug{

;Sg]5 .

-!$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg JolQmut k|of]hgsf] nflu

u'06f, lem6L, ef/L cfb]z cGtu{t k}7f/L ePsf] dfnj:t'' jf ljb]zL d'n'saf6 pkxf/ jf

gd"gf :j?k k|fKt u/L k}7f/L ePsf] dfnj:t'sf] sf/f]af/ d"No v'nfpg g;Sg] sf/0f hgfO{

;f] dfnj:t'sf wgLn] d"NofÍg ul/lbg lgj]bg lbPdf / ;f] Joxf]/f eG;f/ clws[tnfO{

pko'Qm nfu]df lghn] To:tf] dfnj:t''sf] dgfl;a eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!%_ k}7f/Lstf{n] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd 3f]if0ff u/]sf] d"No o; bkmf adf]lhd eG;f/

clws[tn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] eG;f/ d"NoeGbf 36L ePdf eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf

;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 M–

-s_ To;/L 36L ePsf] hlt d"Nodf krf; k|ltzt yk eG;f/ dx;'n

c;"n u/L To:tf] dfnj:t'' hfFrkf; ug{], jf

-v_ dxflgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{, To;/L 3f]lift d"Nodf kfFr k|ltzt

/sd yk ubf{ x'g cfpg] /sd k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ e'QmfgL lbg] u/L

To:tf] dfnj:t' v/Lb ug{] u/fpg] .

-!^_ o; bkmf adf]lhd dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No sfod ubf{ ;fdfGotM ljb]zL d'b|fdf

ul/g] 5 . k}7f/Lsf] cj:yfdf dx;'n a'emfpg' kg]{ dfnj:t'sf] d"NofÍg ljb]zL d'b|fdf

ePsf]df ;f]sf] g]kfnL ?k}ofFdf kl/jt{g ubf{ dfnj:t' hfFrkf; x'Fbfsf lbg g]kfn /fi6«

a}Íaf6 tf]lsPsf] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] laqmLb/sf] cfwf/df ul/g] 5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 ljlgdo

b/ gtf]lsPsf] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] xsdf ;f] ljb]zL d'b|fnfO{ cd]l/sL 8n/df kl/jt{g ubf{ x'g]

cd]l/sL 8n/sf] laqmL b/sf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 .

t/ s"6gLlts ;'ljwf, dx;'n ;'ljwf jf k"0f{ jf cf+lzs dx;'n 5'6df klxn] k}7f/L

eO{ kl5 dx;'n a'emfpg] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"NonfO{ g]kfnL ?k}ofFdf kl/jt{g ubf{ afFsL

dx;'n a'emfpg] lbgdf g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 tf]lsPsf] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] laqmLb/sf] cfwf/df

ul/g]5 .


12

!$= c:yfoL ?kdf eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]

eP tfklg b]xfosf cj:yfdf eG;f/ clws[tn] k}7f/L ePsf] dfnj:t'sf] dgfl;a c:yfoL

eG;f/ d"No bkmf !# sf] cwLgdf /xL lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M–

-s_ k}7f/Lstf{n] dgfl;a sf/0f b]vfO{ dfnj:t'sf] d"NofÍgsf] nflu

cfjZos kg]{ sfuhft tyf cGo hfgsf/L tTsfn pknAw u/fpg

g;Sg] Joxf]/fsf] lgj]bg lbPdf,

-v_ dfnj:t'sf] k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f jf cGo hfFr u/]kl5 dfq eG;f/

d"No lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{ jf ug{ ;lsg] ePdf jf k}7f/Lstf{n] pknAw

u/fPsf] sfuhft / hfgsf/Lsf ;DaGwdf yk hfFra'em ug'{ kg]{

b]lvPdf .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd c:yfoL eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ePkl5 k}7f/Lstf{n] To:tf]

dfnj:t'df nfUg] dx;'n w/f}6Ldf /fvL dfnj:t' 5'6fpg rfx]df eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf]

dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ul/lbg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd c:yfoL d"No lgwf{/0f ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq eG;f/

clws[tn] ;f] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No bkmf !# adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ePsf] eG;f/ d"No pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f

ePsf] c:yfoL eG;f/ d"NoeGbf a9L ePdf eG;f/ sfof{non] To;/L a9L ePhlt d"Nodf

nfUg] dx;'n To:tf] k}7f/Lstf{af6 c;"npk/ ug'{ kg]{5 / 36L ePdf a9L c;"n ePsf]

dx;'n lghnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 .

!%= ef8f, aLdf jf cGo ;Da4 vr{sf] cg'dflgt /sd sfod ul/lbg ;Sg] M -!_ s'g}

k}7f/Lstf{n] dfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ nfu]sf] ef8f, aLdf jf cGo ;Da4 vr{sf] sfuhft cfˆgf]

sfa"aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt k/L tTsfn k]z ug{ g;Sg] ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ To:tf] ef8f,

aLdf jf cGo ;Da4 vr{sf] cg'dflgt /sd sfod ul/lbgsf nflu eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf

lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg hfFra'em ubf{ Joxf]/f dgfl;a b]lvPdf eG;f/

clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] sf/f]af/ d"Nodf ;dfj]z x'g ;Sg] ef8f, aLdf jf cGo ;Da4

vr{ afktsf] cg'dflgt /sd sfod ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ef8f, aLdf jf cGo ;Da4 vr{sf] cg'dflgt /sd sfod

ePsf] ldltn] gAa] lbgleq ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{n] ;f] dfnj:t'sf] jf:tljs ef8f, aLdf tyf


13

cGo ;Da4 vr{ ;DaGwL sfuhft k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L k]z u/]sf] sfuhft

k|df0fdf pNn]v ePsf] /sd pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sfod ePsf] cg'dflgt /sdeGbf a9L

ePdf To:tf] a9L /sddf nfUg] dx;'n lghn] a'emfpg' kg]{5 / 36L ePdf nfUg] dx;'n

s6fO{ afFsL /sd eG;f/ sfof{non] lghnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{n] k|df0f sfuhft k]z

gu/]df jf cGoyf k|dfl0ft gePdf eG;f/ clws[taf6 pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sfod ePsf]

cg'dflgt /sdnfO{ g} To:tf] ef8f, aLdf / cGo ;Da4 vr{sf] clGtd /sd dflgg]5 .

!^= lgsf;L ul/g] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f M -!_ lgsf;Lstf{n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] aLhs

d"No g} lgsf;L ul/g] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No x'g]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos

7fg]df lgsf;L x'g] s'g} vf; k|s[ltsf dfnj:t'sf] 5'§} eG;f/ d"No g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf

k|sfzg u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L 5'§} eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ePsf]df lgsf;Lstf{n]

3f]if0ff u/]sf] aLhs d"No / g]kfn ;/sf/n] To;/L lgwf{/0f u/]sf] eG;f/ d"NodWo] h'g a9L

x'G5 ;f]xL d"NonfO{ To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No dflgg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] eG;f/ d"No k|mL cg af]8{ -Pkm=cf]=aL=_ d"No

x'g]5 .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æPkm=cf]=aL= d"NoÆ eGgfn] lgsf;L

ul/g] dfnj:t'sf] sf/vfgf d"No / To:tf] dfnj:t' g]kfnsf] ;DalGwt eG;f/

sfof{no;Dd NofpFbf nfUg] nfut ;d]t hf]l8Psf] d"No ;Demg' k5{ .

-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd dfnj:t'sf] d"No sfod ubf{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf ul/g] 5 . To:tf]

ljb]zL d'b|fnfO{ g]kfnL ?k}ofFdf kl/jt{g ubf{ dfnj:t' hfFrkf; x'g] lbgdf g]kfn /fi6«

a}Íaf6 tf]lsPsf] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] vl/b b/sf] cfwf/df ul/g] 5 .

kl/R5]b–^

k|1fkgkq, hfFr tyf hfFrkf; ;DaGwL Joj:yf

!&= ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ M lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t' 9'jfgL ug]{ ;jf/L ;fwgsf] rfnsn]

To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg eG;f/ sfof{nodf k|j]z ug'{cl3 ;f] ;fwgdf /x]sf] dfnj:t'sf] tf]lsP

adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f eG;f/ sfof{nodf lbg' kg]{5 .


14

!*= k|1fkgkq e/L k]z ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{] JolQmn] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf]

sfuhft ;+nUg u/L k|1fkgkq e/L ;DalGwt If]qsf] eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/, g]kfnaf6 aflx/ hfg] / ljb]zL d'n'saf6 g]kfnleq cfpg] ofq'sf] ;fydf /x]sf]

u'06f, lem6L ef/Ldf /x]sf dfnj:t'dWo] g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L

eG;f/ dx;'n gnfUg] egL tf]s]sf] dfnj:t'sf] k|1fkgkq eg{ cfjZos x'g] 5}g .

-@_ sfa"aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt k/L jf cGo s'g} dgfl;a sf/0fn] pkbkmf -!_

adf]lhdsf] s'g} sfuhft k|1fkgkq ;fy k]z ug{ g;lsg] ePDff To:tf] kl/l:ylt jf sf/0f

v'nfO{ To:tf] sfuhft kl5 k]z ug]{ cg'dltsf] nflu ;DalGwt JolQmn] eG;f/ clws[t

;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lbPsf] lgj]bg hfFra'em ubf{ To:tf] kl/l:ylt jf sf/0f

dgfl;a b]lvPdf ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] sfuhft k]z ug]{ cjlw tf]lslbg

;Sg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd sfuhft k]z ug]{ cjlw tf]Sbf eG;f/ clws[tn] s'g} zt{

tf]Sg jf ;'/If0f afkt dgfl;a w/f}6L dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .

!(= k|1fkgkq hfFr ug]{ M -!_ bkmf !* adf]lhd k|1fkgkq k]z ePkl5 ;DalGwt eG;f/

clws[tn] ;f] k|1fkgkqdf 3f]lift dfnj:t' sfg"g adf]lhd k}7f/L jf lgsf;L ug{ kfOg]

dfnj:t' xf] jf xf]Og eGg] ;DaGwdf hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L hfFr ubf{ eG;f/ clws[tn]

cfjZostf cg';f/ ;DalGwt dfnj:t'sf] ef}lts hfFr ug{ jf ug{ nufpg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ To:tf] dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ gkfOg]

jf k|ltalGwt ePsf] kfOPdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg jf sf/afxLsf nflu

;DalGwt lgsfo jf clwsf/L ;dIf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

@)= dfnj:t'sf] hfFr ug]{ M -!_ bkmf !( adf]lhdsf] hfFr ubf{ ;DalGwt dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf

k}7f/L ug{ kfOg] b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] kl/R5]b–& adf]lhd To:tf] dfnj:t' hfFr ug]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg 5gf}6 k|0ffnL cg';f/ To:tf]

dfnj:t' hfFr ug{ gkg]{ b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] ;Da4 sfuhft dfq hfFr ug{ ;Sg]5 .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ5gf}6 k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn] /fh:j, Jofkf/,

dfnj:t' jf cGo lqmofsnfksf] hf]lvdnfO{ ljrf/ u/L s'g} dfnj:t' hfFr u/L jf

gu/L jf sfuhft dfq hfFr u/L dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug{ ;lsg] u/L ljefun]

lgwf{/0f u/]sf] k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .


15

@!= d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{ M bkmf @) adf]lhd dfnj:t' jf sfuhft hfFr u/]kl5 eG;f/ clws[tn]

k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No bkmf !# adf]lhd / lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"No

bkmf !^ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .

@@= dx;'n lgwf{/0f ug]{ M bkmf @! adf]lhd eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ePkl5 eG;f/ clws[tn] ;f]

dfnj:t'df nfUg] dx;'n lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .

@#= dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug]{ M dx;'n a'emfpg gkg]{ u/L k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd 5'6 jf ;'ljwf

lbOPsf]df afx]s bkmf @@ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ePsf] dx;'n lnP/ dfq eG;f/ clws[tn]

dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug]{5 .

@$= dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{nodf cfOk'Ug'cl3 dx;'n lgwf{/0f ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} k}7f/Lstf{n]

k}7f/L ug]{ dfnj:t' ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodf cfOk'Ug'cl3 ;f] dfnj:t'df nfUg] dx;'n

a'emfpg rfx]df ;f]sf] nflu ;f] dfnj:t' ;DaGwL bkmf !* adf]lhdsf] sfuhft ;+nUg u/L

k|1fkgkq e/L eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt lgj]bgpk/ hfFra'em ubf{ To;/L dx;'n lng

dgfl;a b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] bkmf @@ adf]lhd dx;'n lgwf{/0f ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .

To;/L lgwf{/0f ePsf] dx;'n k}7f/Lstf{n] eG;f/ sfof{nodf a'emfpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ePsf] dx;'n b/ jf kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fsf]

ljlgdo b/ dx;'n a'emfPsf] lbg / dfnj:t' hfFrkf; x'Fbfsf] lbgdf km/s kg{ uPdf

dfnj:t' hfFrkf; x'Fbfsf] lbg sfod /x]sf] b/ nfu" x'g]5 .

-$_ h'g dfnj:t'sf ;DaGwdf pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd dx;'n a'emfO;lsPsf] xf] ;f]

dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{nodf cfOk'u]kl5 ;f] sfof{non] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] cfjZos k|lqmof

k|fyldstf;fy k"/f u/L To:tf] dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ul/lbg' kg]{5 .

@%= lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'sf] lgsf;Lstf{ jf

k}7f/Lstf{ jf lghsf] eG;f/ Ph]G6n] bkmf @# adf]lhd dx;'n a'´fPsf] k|1fkgkq jf /l;b

k|fKt u/]kl5 / bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zdf plNnlvt dfnj:t'sf]

xsdf eG;f/ clws[tn] hfFr u/L jf u/fO{ n}hfg] cg'dlt lbPkl5 dfq To:tf] dfnj:t'

lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ s;}n] ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 ;ˆ6j]o/ lgsf;L u/]sf]df lgsf;L ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf,

aLhs / ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{af6 e'QmfgL k|fKt ePsf] k|df0f ;d]tsf] cfwf/df g]kfn /fi6«

a}Ín] k|dfl0ft u/]kl5 dfq To:tf] ;ˆ6j]o/ lgsf;L ePsf] dflgg]5 .


16

@^= lg:;f, k|df0f jf /l;b dfu ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} dfnj:t' k}7f/L u/L NofPsf] xf]

jf lgsf;L ug{ nfu]sf] xf] / eG;f/ dx;'n lt/]sf] 5}g egL ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f

ePdf jf eG;f/ dx;'n glt/]sf] yfxf kfPdf eG;f/ sfof{nosf] s'g} sd{rf/Ln] To:tf]

JolQmaf6 ;f] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ dx;'n lt/]sf] k|df0f jf eG;f/ dx;'n gnfUg] eP ;f]xL

Joxf]/fsf] lg:;f dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfu ePsf]] k|df0f jf lg:;f To:tf] JolQmn] To:tf]

sd{rf/LnfO{ b]vfpg' kg]{5 . lghn] To:tf] k|df0f jf lg:;f k]z ug{ g;s]df jf k]z u/]sf]

lg:;fdf n]lvP adf]lhdsf] dfnj:t' geO{ km/s dfnj:t' b]lvg cfPdf To:tf] sd{rf/Ln]

To:tf] dfnj:t' / JolQm eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k]z ePkl5 eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t' /f]Ssf ug{

cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 / k]z ePsf] JolQmnfO{ rf]/L lgsf;L jf k}7f/Lsf] s;"/df sf/afxL

rnfpg]5 .

@&= k|1fkgkqsf] 9fFrf M k|1fkgkqsf] 9fFrf tf]lsPad]flhd x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b–&

dfnj:t'sf] hfFr ;DaGwL Joj:yf

@*= ef/L jf kf]sf vf]Ng / hfFRg ;Sg] M -!_ eG;f/ clws[tn] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g] h'g;'s}

dfnj:t'sf] ef/L jf kf]sf Ps Ps u/L jf aLr aLrdf 58\s] u/L jf s]xL k|ltzt dfq

vf]Ng / hfFRg jf cfk"m dftxtsf s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ To;/L vf]Ng / hfFRg cfb]z lbg

;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ hLljt hgfj/, l56f] gfz x'g ;Sg] j:t'x? /

eG;f/ clws[tn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo dfnj:t'' klxn] hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ eG;f/ clws[t jf lgh dftxtsf] sd{rf/Ln] dfnj:t'sf] ef/L jf kf]sf pkbkmf

-!_ adf]lhd vf]n] hfFr]sf]df To;/L hfFr]sf] tl/sf / cbtsf] :ki6 ljj/0f k|1fkgkqdf

pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd hfFr ePsf] jf gePsf] ef/L jf kf]sfsf ;DaGwdf zÍf

nfu]df jf ;f] ;DaGwdf s'g} ;"rgf k|fKt ePdf eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] ef/L jf kf]sf hfFr

g} gePsf] eP hfFra'em u/fpg jf hfFr eO{;s]sf] eP k'gM hfFra'em ug{ cfk"m dftxtsf

sd{rf/LnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .


17

-%_ lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] cfˆgf] pkl:yltdf dfnj:t' hfFr u/fpg rfx]df

;f]sf] hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf eG;f/ clws[tnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L hfgsf/L lbPsf]df

eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{sf] pkl:yltdf dfnj:t'sf] hfFr ug{ jf

u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

t/ eG;f/ clws[tn] tf]s]sf] ;dodf lgh pkl:yt gePdf lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf g}

dfnj:t''sf] hfFr ug{ jfwf kg]{5}g .

-^_ eG;f/ clws[tn] o; bkmf adf]lhd dfnj:t' hfFr ubf{ jf u/fpFbf k}7f/Lstf{n]

u/]sf] 3f]if0ffsf cfwf/df nfUg] dx;'n c;"n u/]/ dfq dfnj:t''sf] hfFr ug{ jf u/fpg

;Sg]5 .

-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{ jf lghsf] Ph]G6n]

u/]sf] 3f]if0ff jf k|1fkgkq;fy ;+nUg u/]sf] sfuhftdf plNnlvt ljj/0f adf]lhdsf]

dfnj:t' geO{ km/s k/]df To:tf] dfnj:t''sf] hfFr ug'{cufl8 g} dx;'n c;"n ePsf] /x]5

eg] k}7f/Lstf{n] To:tf] dx;'n lkmtf{ jf nfUg] dx;'ndf ldnfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .

-*_ Psk6s hfFrkf; ePsf] dfnj:t' lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] eG;f/ If]qaf6

p7fO{ n}Hffg'cl3 jf eG;f/ If]qaflx/ nlu;s]kl5 dxflgb]{zsn] v6fPsf] s'g} clws[t

sd{rf/L jf ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nosf] eG;f/ clws[tn] k'gM k"/f jf cf+lzs ?kdf hfFr

ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L hfFr ubf{ ;f]sf] sf/0fsf af/]df dxflgb]{zs jf eG;f/

clws[tn] ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .

@(= hfFr u/] ;/x x'g] M bkmf @* adf]lhd ef/L jf kf]sf hfFr ubf{ ;f] ef/L jf kf]sfdf k]z

ePsf] aLn aLhs, cGo sfuhft jf ljj/0f adf]lhd dfnj:t' ePdf hfFr gul/Psf cGo

ef/L jf kf]sfleqsf dfnj:t' klg hfFr u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

#)= dfnj:t''sf] ljz]if k/LIf0f ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} dfnj:t'' :jf:Yo jf jftfj/0fsf]

b[li6sf]0fn] ljz]if ?kdf k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] ;DalGwt lgsfo jf

k|of]uzfnfaf6 To:tf] dfnj:t''sf] k/LIf0f u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t''sf] gd"gf ef/L

jf kf]sfaf6 lemsL ;DalGwt lgsfo jf k|of]uzfnfdf k7fpg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/LIf0fsf] nflu k7fOPsf] dfnj:t' ;DalGwt lgsfo jf

k|of]uzfnfn] oyfzL3| k/LIf0f u/L ;f]sf] glthf oyfzL3| eG;f/ sfof{nodf k7fOlbg'

kg]{5 .


18

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{ ;f] dfnj:t'n] :jf:Yo jf jftfj/0fnfO{ xflg

k'¥ofpg] jf k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ To:tf]

dfnj:t'' ljb]zL d'n'ssf] ;DalGwt lgsf;Lstf{nfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd lkmtf{ k7fpg] cfb]z

lbg]5 .

t/ eG;f/ clws[tn] To;/L cfb]z lbg'cl3 lgh k}7f/Lstf{af6 To:tf] dfnj:t''sf]

nflu e'QmfgL u/]sf] ljb]zL d'b|f lkmtf{ NofPsf] k|df0f k]z ug{ nufpg jf To:tf] ljb]zL d'b|f

lkmtf{ Nofpg] sa'lnotgfdf k]z ug{ nufpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] cfb]z adf]lhd ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{n] To:tf]

dfnj:t' lkmtf{ gk7fPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'' hkmt u/L tf]lsP adf]lhd

;8fpg jf gi6 ug{ ;Sg] 5 / To;/L ;8fpg jf gi6 ug{ nfUg] jf nfu]sf] vr{ ;DalGwt

k}7f/Lstf{af6 c;"n ug]{5 .

#!= ;DalGwt :yfgdf uO{ dfnj:t'' hfFr ug{ ;lsg]] M -!_ s'g} lgsf;Lstf{n] cfk"mn] lgsf;L ug]{

dfnj:t'' To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] pTkfbg:yn jf uf]bfddf uO{ hfFr ul/lbg eG;f/ clws[t

;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt lgj]bg cg';f/ dfnj:t' hfFr ug{ dgfl;a b]lvPdf

eG;f/ clws[tn] tf]lsP ad]flhdsf] z'Ns lnO{ To:tf] pTkfbg:yn jf uf]bfddf cfk}m uO{ jf

cfk"m dftxtsf sd{rf/LnfO{ k7fO{ dfnj:t' hfFr ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ s'g} k}7f/Lstf{n] cfkm"n] k}7f/L u/L NofPsf] dfnj:t'' eG;f/ If]qeGbf aflx/

hfFr ul/lbg tf]lsPsf] sfuhft ;+nUg u/L k|1fkgkq e/L eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf lgj]bg

lbg ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k|fKt lgj]bg hfFra'em ubf{ To;/L hfFr ug{ dgfl;a

b]lvPdf dxflgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ eG;f/ clws[tn] tf]lsPsf] z'Ns c;"n u/L eG;f/

If]qeGbf aflx/ cfk}m uO{ jf cfk"m dftxtsf sd{rf/LnfO{ k7fO{ dfnj:t'sf] hfFr ug{ jf

u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd dfnj:t'' hfFr ug'{cl3 eG;f/ clws[tn] k}7f/Lstf{n]

3f]if0ff u/]sf] eG;f/ d"No cg';f/ ;f] dfnj:t'df nfUg] dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt dx;'n yk

u/L x'g cfpg] /sd w/f}6L lng' kg]{5 . eG;f/ sfof{non] To:tf] w/f}6L /sd ;f] dfnj:t'df

nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'neGbf a9L ePdf To;/L a9L ePhlt /sd k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbg'

kg]{5 / sd ePdf To:tf] sd /sd k}7f/Lstf{af6 c;"n ug'{ kg]{5 .


19

#@= 9'jfgL ug]{ ;fwgdf ;LnaGbL ug{ ;lsg] M eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ePkl5

To:tf] dfnj:t' h'g ;fwgaf6 9'jfgL ul/g] xf] ;f]xL ;fwgdf /fvL To:tf] ;fwgdf eG;f/

sfof{non] ;Ln5fk nufpg ;Sg]5 .

##= :jLs[lt glnO{ vf]Ng, x]g{ / hfFRg gkfpg] M eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 hfFrkf; ePsf dfnj:t'' /

To:tf] dfnj:t' 9'jfgL ul//x]sf] ;fwg /fh:j r'xfj6 ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd

cg';Gwfg ug{ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L afx]s cy{ dGqfno jf dxflgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt

glnO{ cGo lgsfon] vf]Ng x]g{ / hfFRg kfpg] 5}g .

kl/R5]b–*

hfFrkf; kl5sf] k/LIf0f, vfgtnf;L tyf kqmfp ;DaGwL Joj:yf

#$= hfFrkf;kl5 k/LIf0f ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 hfFrkf; ePsf] dfnj:t'

k}7f/Lstf{n] 3f]if0ff u/] adf]lhdsf] dfnj:t' xf] jf xf]Og jf k}7f/Lstf{n] u/]sf] 3f]if0ff

cg'?k eP jf gePsf] olsg ug{ dxflgb]{zs jf eG;f/ clws[tn] s'g} k}7f/Lstf{sf]

dfnj:t' vl/b, k}7f/L jf laqmL ;DaGwL vftf, ;|]:tf clen]v jf cGo o:t} sfuhft, a}Í

clen]v, sDKo"6/ k|0ffnL nufot lghsf] Joj;fo;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ clen]v k/LIf0f ug{

;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{ k}7f/Lstf{n] k}7f/L u/]sf dfnj:t' lghn]

3f]if0ff u/]sf]eGbf leGg dfnj:t' kfOPdf jf lghn] u/]sf] 3f]if0ff cg'?k gePsf] b]lvPdf

jf sf/f]af/ d"No jf dfnj:t'sf] kl/df0f 36L 3f]if0ff u/]sf] b]lvPdf / ;f] sf/0fn] 36L

dx;'n c;"n ePsf] b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] To;/L 36L ePsf] d"No jf kl/df0fdf k}7f/L

x'Fbfsf avt nfUg] dx;'n lghaf6 tTsfn c;"n u/L 36L sf/f]af/ d"No jf kl/df0f 3f]if0ff

u/] afkt lghnfO{ o; P]g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{ dfnj:t''sf] juL{s/0fsf] pkzLif{s km/s k/]sf]

sf/0fn] sd dx;'n c;"n ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf] sd dx;'n /sd ;DalGwt eG;f/

sfof{non] k}7f/Lstf{af6 tTsfn c;"n ug]{5 .

-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0f dfnj:t'' hfFrkf; ePsf] ldltn] rf/ jif{;Dd ug{

;lsg]5 .

#%= dfnj:t' tyf JolQm eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{ M s'g} JolQmn] bkmf # adf]lhd

tf]lsPsf] af6f]af6 gnuL jf rf]/L, 5nL dfnj:t'' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf]

eG;f/ sfof{nosf] sd{rf/Ln] jf dxflgb]{zsn] v6fPsf] s'g} clwsf/Ln] km]nf kf/]df lghn]


20

To:tf] dfnj:t'' / ;f] dfnj:t'' lnO{ hfg] JolQm tyf ;jf/L ;fwg kqmfp u/L eG;f/

clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L k]z x'g cfPsf] dfnj:t'', JolQm / ;jf/L ;fwgpk/

eG;f/ clws[tn] rf]/L lgsf;L jf rf]/L k}7f/Lsf] s;"/df sf/afxL rnfpg]5 .

#^= zÍf nfu]df jf cfwf/ ePdf tnf;L ug]{ M s;}n] eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t' eG;f/

dx;'n glt/L jf rf]/L k}7f/L u/L NofPsf] 5 jf rf]/L lgsf;L u/L lnO{ hfg nfu]sf] 5 jf

k|ltalGwt dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L u/]sf] 5 jf ug{ nfu]sf] 5 egL ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{

dgfl;a cfwf/ jf sf/0f ePdf jf zÍf nfu]df eG;f/ sfof{nosf] h'g;'s} sd{rf/Ln] To:tf]

JolQm jf h'g;'s} ;fwgnfO{ /f]Ssf ug{ / To:tf] JolQm jf To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] tnf;L

lng ;Sg]5 .

#&= tnf;L lnOg] JolQmn] tnf;L x'g'eGbf cufl8 cfk"mnfO{ eG;f/ clws[t 5]p k]z u/fpg

dfu ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ eG;f/ clws[t jf ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/L afx]s c?

s'g} sd{rf/Ln] bkmf #^ adf]lhdsf] tnf;L lng rfx]sf]df ;DalGwt JolQmn] To:tf] tnf;L

lng'eGbf cufl8 cfk"mnfO{ eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf k]z u/fpg dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf k]z u/fpg dfu ePsf]df ;DalGwt

eG;f/ sfof{nosf sd{rf/Ln] s'g} l9nf ;':tL gu/L lghnfO{ eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{

kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k]z ul/Psf] JolQmsf] tnf;L lng' kg]{ dgfl;a cfwf/

b]v]df eG;f/ clws[tn] lghsf] tnf;L cfk}m lng jf cfk"m dftxtsf sd{rf/LnfO{ lng

nufpg]5 / To:tf] cfwf/ gb]v]df lghnfO{ t'?Gt 5f]l8lbg]5 .

#*= rf]/L k}7f/L jf rf]/L lgsf;L u/]sf] dflgg] M bkmf #^ jf #( adf]lhd tnf;L ln+bf eG;f/

dx;'n nfUg] jf o; P]g adf]lhd 3f]if0ff u/L k}7f/L jf lgsf;L ug'{ kg]{ dfnj:t' a/fdb

ePsf]df eG;f/ clws[tn] tnf;L lnPsf] JolQmnfO{ ;f] dfnj:t'sf] k|1fkgkq / eG;f/

dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t' eP dx;'n lt/]sf] lg:;f k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg]]5 . lghn] To:tf]

k|1fkgkq jf lg:;f k]z ug{ g;s]df rf]/L k}7f/L jf rf]/L lgsf;L u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

#(= 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf 7fpFsf] vfgtnf;L lng] M -!_ s;}n] eG;f/ dx;'n 5nL jf rf]/L

k}7f/L u/L NofPsf] dfnj:t'' s'g} 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf cGo s'g} klg 7fpFdf n'sfPsf] jf

/fv]sf] 5 eGg] ljZjf; jf zÍf ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f ePdf dxflgb]{zsn] jf ;DalGwt

eG;f/ clws[tn] sf/0f ;lxtsf] lg0f{o u/L To:tf] 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf 7fpFsf] vfgtnf;L

lng jf lng nufpg cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .


21

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfb]z kfpg] sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf

7fpFsf] vfgtnf;L lng'cl3 ;f] 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf 7fpFsf] wgL jf ;f] 3/, ejg, uf]bfd

jf 7fpFdf tTsfn j;f]jf; ul//x]sf JolStnfO{ To;/L vfgtnf;L lng' k/]sf] sf/0f ;d]t

vf]nL ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . To:tf] wgL jf JolStn] To:tf] ;"rgf a'‰g gdfg]df ;f] ;"rgfsf]

Ps k|lt To:tf] 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf 7fpFsf] ;a}n] b]Vg] :yfgdf 6fF;L lbg' kg]{5 / To;/L

;"rgf 6fF; ePkl5 ;DalGwt wgL jf JolStn] vfgtnf;Lsf] ;"rgf /Ltk"j{s kfPsf]

dflgg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt wgL jf JolQmnfO{ ;"rgf lbPkl5 lghn]

vfgtnf;L lng vl6Psf sd{rf/LnfO{ To:tf] 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf 7fpFsf] vfgtnf;L lng

lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd vfgtnf;L lng s'g} JolStn] afwf lj/f]w u/]df

vfgtnf;L lng vl6Psf sd{rf/Ln] vfgtnf;L lng' kg]{ 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf cGo s'g}

7fpFdf al;/x]sf JolQmnfO{ x6\g] ;"rgf / df}sf lbg' kg]{5 . o;/L x6\g] ;"rgf / df}sf lb+bf

lb+b} klg lghx? gx6]df To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] ;'/Iff lgsfosf] ;xof]udf cfjZos an ;d]t

k|of]u u/L vfgtnf;L lng' kg]{ 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf 7fpFsf] aflx/L jf leqL 9f]sf e\mofn

jf 5]:sLgL vf]nL jf kmf]/L ;"of]{bob]lv ;"of{:tleq s'g} klg ;dodf vfgtnf;L lng

;Sg]5 .

-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd vfg tnf;L ln+bf vfg tnf;L lng] sd{rf/Ln] pknAw

eP;Dd ;DalGwt ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfsf] j8f cWoIf jf j8f ;b:o jf s'g}

sfof{nosf] sd{rf/L jf 3/ wgL jf lghsf] k|ltlglw jf ;f]x| jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] s'g} JolQmnfO{

;fIfL /fvL tnf;L lng' kg]{5 . To:tf] ;fIfL a:g] dflg; km]nf gk/]df jf lghn] ;fIfL a:g

OGsf/ u/]df ;f]xL Joxf]/fsf] s}lkmot hgfO{ tnf;L lng] sd{rf/Ln] ;xL5fk ug'{ kg]{5 .

-^_ o; bkmf adf]lhd vfgtnf;L ln+bf eG;f/ 5nL jf rf]/L k}7f/L u/L NofPsf

dfnj:t' a/fdb ePdf To;/L vfgtnf;L lng] sd{rf/Ln] To:tf dfnj:t' cfˆgf] sJhfdf

lnO{ To:tf dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0f vf]lnPsf] km]xl/:t tof/ u/L ;f]sf] Ps k|lt vfgtnf;L

lnPsf] 3/, ejg, uf]bfd jf ;f] 7fpFsf] ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ tTsfn a'emfOlbg' kg]{5 .

;DalGwt JolQmn] a '‰g gdfg]df jf a'emfpg g;lsPdf b'O{hgf ;fIfLsf] /f]xj/df d'r'Nsf

u/L 6fF; ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L 6fF; ul/Psf]df ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ a'emfP ;/x dflgg]5 .

s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .


22

-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhdsf dfnj:t' tyf k]mxl/:t To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] ;DalGwt

eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ 5 / To;/L bflvnf ePkl5 eG;f/ clws[tn] o; P]g

adf]lhd sf/afxL ug]{5 .

$)= kqmfp ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ bkmf #^ jf #( adf]lhd tnf;L lnFbf s'g} JolQmn] o; P]g

cGtu{tsf] s;"/ u/]sf] b]lvg cfPdf To:tf] JolQmsf] klxrfg v'Ng] ljj/0f ;lxt d'2f x]g]{

clwsf/L ;dIf kqmfp ug]{ cg'dltsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg{]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bgaf6 kqmfp ug{' kg{] sf/0f dgfl;a b]lvPdf d'2f

x]g]{ clwsf/Ln] kqmfp k"hL{ hf/L ug{] cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd kqmfp k"hL{ hf/L ul/Psf] JolQmnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L

af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s rf}aL; 306fleq d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/L ;dIf pkl:yt u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s;"/ ug]{ JolQm tTsfn

kqmfp gul/Pdf To:tf] JolQm efUg] pDsg] jf lghn] k|df0f b;L jf ;a"t gi6 ug]{ dgfl;a

sf/0f ePdf jf s;"/;Fu ;DalGwt km/f/ /x]sf] JolQm km]nf k/]df jf s;"/ ul//x]sf]

cj:yfdf km]nf k/]df eG;f/ clws[t jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt eG;f/ sfof{nosf cGo

sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ h'g;'s} 7fp“df kqmfp ug{ jf ug{ nufpg ;Sg]5 .

$!= gub w/f}6Ldf 5f8\g jf lx/f;tdf /fVg ;lsg] M -!_ bkmf $) sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k]z

ePsf] JolQm tTsfn k|fKt k|df0faf6 s;"/bf/ b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] lghnfO{ o; P]g

adf]lhd x'g;Sg] s}b / hl/afgf afktsf] /sd / lauf] ;d]t c;"n ug'{ kg]{df sfod x'g

;Sg] lauf] a/fa/sf] /sd ;d]tsf] gub w/f}6L lnO{ tf]lslbPsf] ;do / :yfgdf xflh/ x'g]

u/L 5f8\g ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfu ePsf] gub w/f}6L k]z ug{ g;Sg] JolQmnfO{ To:tf]

gub w/f}6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf bflvnf gu/];Dd lghnfO{ lx/f;tdf /flvg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg To:tf] JolQmnfO{ gub w/f}6Ldf

5f8\bf lghn] k|df0f nf]k ug{ ;Sg] cfwf/ b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] sf/0f vf]nL To:tf]

JolQmnfO{ y'gfdf /fvL sf/afxL cufl8 a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

s]xL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg, PsLs/0f, ;dfof]hg / vf/]h ug]{ P]g, @)&$ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .


23

-$_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg To:tf] JolQmnfO{

lx/f;tdf /fVbf lghnfO{ o; P]g adf]lhd x'g] s}bsf] clwstd cjlweGbf a9L lx/f;tdf

/flvg] 5}g .

-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b08 afktsf] w/f}6L ln+bf Ps lbg s}b a/fj/ krf;

?k}ofFsf b/n] lng' kg]{5 .

$@= km/f/ JolQmnfO{ kl5 kqmg x'g] M o; P]g cGtu{t s;"/ dflgg] s'g} sfo{ ug]{ JolQmnfO{

s;"/ ubf{s} avt kqmg g;lsPdf jf kqmfp ul/Psf] ePklg lgh km/f/ ePdf eG;f/

clws[tn] jf lghn] clwsf/ lbPsf] sd{rf/Ln] jf ;f] sfo{sf nflu vl6Psf] sd{rf/Ln]

lghnfO{ h'g;'s} avt kqmfp ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L klqmPsf] JolQmpk/ s;"/ u/]sf avt

klqmP ;/x sf/afxL x'g]5 .

$#= clwstd an k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ s;}n] bkmf # adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] af6f]afx]s cGoqaf6

dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ nfu]df eG;f/ clws[t jf lghaf6 clwsf/k|fKt eG;f/

sfof{nosf sd{rf/L jf clwsf/k|fKt ;/sf/L sd{rf/Ln] lghnfO{ /f]Sg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /f]Sg vf]Hbf lghn] To:tf] clws[t jf sd{rf/LnfO{

x'nx'Hht jf hf]/h'n'd u/]df eG;f/ clws[t jf To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] lghnfO{ To;f] gug{

;Demfpg' a'emfpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;DemfpFbf a'emfpFbf klg lghn] x'nx'Hht jf hf]/h'n'd

u/]df eG;f/ clws[t jf To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] lghnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd kqmfp ug{ vf]Hbf lghn] hf]/h'n'd u/]df jf efUg pDsg

vf]h]df / tTsfn kqmfp ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf ePdf cfˆgf] /Iff / st{Josf] kfngfsf] lglDt

To:tf] eG;f/ clws[t jf clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zn] 36gf:yndf ;'/Iffsf] nflu

vl6Psf sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] 36gf /f]Sg klxn] xjfO{ kmfo/ ug]{ / To;f] ubf{ klg l:ylt

lgoGq0f geP jf x'nx'Hht ug]{ JolQm;Fu ;d]t xltof/ ePdf sd Iflt x'g] u/L uf]nL

;d]t rnfpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ bkmf # cGtu{t tf]lsPsf] af6f] u/L ;jf/L ;fwgaf6 cfjt hfjt ug]{ s'g}

JolQmnfO{ eG;f/ sfof{nosf] sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg ;d]t /f]Sg jf /f]Sg nufpg

cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] cfb]z gdfgL x'nx'Hht jf hf]/h'n'd u/L To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg

ghFrfO{ eufpg] k|oTg u/]df jf eufPdf To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] kfª\u|fdf eG;f/ clws[tsf]


24

cfb]zn] eG;f/df ;'/Iffsf] lgldQ vl6Psf sd{rf/Ln] sd Iflt x'g] u/L uf]nL rnfpg

;Sg]5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -$_ / -%_ adf]lhd uf]nL rnfpg k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L

eG;f/ clws[t jf clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] l56f] ;fwgåf/f dxflgb]{zs tyf ;DalGwt k|d'v

lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b–(

dfnj:t' sAhf, hkmt tyf lnnfd laqmL ;DaGwL Joj:yf

$$= hkmt x'g] dfnj:t' sAhfdf lng ;Sg] M o; P]g adf]lhd hkmt x'g] dfnj:t' b]v]df jf

kQf nfu]df eG;f/ clws[tn] jf lghaf6 clwsf/k|fKt eG;f/ sfof{nosf sd{rf/Ln] jf

g]]kfn ;/sf/af6 clwsf/k|fKt sd{rf/Ln] h'g;'s} 7fpFdf / hlxn];'s} klg To:tf] dfnj:t'

sAhfdf lng ;Sg]5 .

$%= sAhfdf lnPsf] lg:;f lbg' kg]{ M bkmf $$ adf]lhd dfnj:t' sAhfdf lng]n] To;/L

dfnj:t' sAhfdf lng' k/]sf] sf/0f / sAhfdf lnPsf] dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0f vf]lnPsf] km]xl/:t

;lxtsf] lg:;f dfnj:t' sAhf u/]sf] a9Ldf tLg lbgleq ;DalGwt dfnj:t' wgLnfO{ lbg'

kg]{5 .

$^= dfnj:t' a'emfpg' kg]{ M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd eG;f/ sfof{nosf] s'g} sd{rf/L jf cGo

lgsfon] bkmf $$ adf]lhd sAhfdf lnPsf] dfnj:t' / bkmf $% adf]lhdsf] km]xl/:tsf]

Ps k|lt oyfzL3| eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf a'emfpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfnj:t' bflvnf ePkl5 eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'

o; P]g adf]lhd sAhf ug'{ kg]{ xf] jf xf]Og eGg] s'/fsf] hfFra'em ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L

hfFra'em ubf{ To:tf] dfnj:t' ljgf sf/0f sAhfdf lnPsf] jf sAhfdf lng' gkg]{ b]lvPdf

lghn] t'?Gt To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ ;f] dfnj:t' lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ dfnj:t' hkmt x'g] b]lvPdf eG;f/

clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf ;DaGwdf o; P]g adf]lhdsf] sf/afxL rnfpg' kg]{5 .

$&= hkmt ePsf] / eG;f/af6 g5'6fPsf] dfnj:t' g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g] M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd

hkmt ul/Psf] dfnj:t' g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g]5 .

-@_ eG;f/df /x]sf] dfnj:t' ;DalGwt dfnj:t'wgLn] tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq 5'6fpg'

kg]{5 .


25

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq 5'6fO{ gnu]sf] dfnj:t'' 5'6fO{ n}hfg

;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{non] ;ft lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePkl5 ;DalGwt dfnj:t'sf] wgLn]

pkbkmf -@_ sf] cjlwleq dfnj:t'' 5'6fO{ n}hfg g;s]sf] dgfl;a sf/0f ;lxtsf] lgj]bg

eG;f/ sfof{nodf lbPdf / To:tf] sf/0f dgfl;a b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] nfUg] dx;'n

lnO{ To:tf] dfnj:t'' 5'6fO{ n}hfg lghnfO{ cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ klg eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 5'6fO{

gnu]sf] dfnj:t' ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[tn] hkmt ug]{5 / To:tf] dfnj:t' g]kfn

;/sf/sf] x'g]5 .

$*= hkmt u/]sf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ M o; P]g adf]lhd dfnj:t' hkmt ul/Psf]df eG;f/ clws[tn]

;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ lbg]5 .

$(= hkmt ug'{ kg]{ dfnj:t' M o; P]g adf]lhd s'g} dfnj:t' hkmt x'g] lg0f{o ePdf To:tf

dfnj:t';Fu ;DalGwt b]xfosf dfnj:t' ;d]t hkmt x'g]5g\ M–

-s_ dfnj:t' Kofs ug{ jf 9'jfgL ug{ k|of]u ePsf kf;{n, Kofs]6 jf

cfwfgkfqx? -sG6]g;{_,

-v_ dfnj:t' 9'jfgL ug{ k|of]u ul/Psf /]n, xjfOhxfh afx]s l/S;f, 6fFuf,

hgfj/ nufot ;a} lsl;dsf ;jf/L ;fwgx?,

-u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf ;jf/L ;fwgdf /fv]sf sk8f, kmlg{r/, ljB'tLo ;fdfg

/ c? ;fdu|Lx? .

%)= lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ o; P]g ad]flhd hkmt ePsf dfnj:t' g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfk}mn]

k|of]u u/]sf]df afx]s ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[tn] tf]lsP adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg hkmt eO{ eG;f/ sfof{noaf6

5'6fO{ gnuL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g cfPsf] ;'g, rfFbL, hjfx/ft jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd

Ohfht lnO{ dfq laqmL ug{ kfOg] dfnj:t' jf cd"No vlgh kbfy{x?sf] lnnfd laqmL jf

cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-#_ o; P]g adf]lhd sAhf ePsf dfnj:t' ;8\g], uNg] jf k'/fgf] eO{ d"No 36\g

hfg] jf uf]bfd jf :yfgsf] cefjn] /fVg afwf kg{ nfu]df jf hLjhGt' /x]5 eg] eG;f/

clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t' tf]lsP adf]lhd t'?Gt lnnfd ug{ ;Sg]5 .


26

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lnnfd laqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd eG;f/ sfof{non] w/f}6L

vftfdf cfDbfgL afFWg' kg]{5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ePsf] dfnj:t' kl5 dfnwgLnfO{

lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{ 7x/]df To:tf] lnnfd laqmLaf6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf] /sd dfq lghnfO{ lkmtf{

lbOg]5 .

t/ To:tf] /sddf s'g} s/, z'Ns jf cGo b:t'/ jf /sd nfUg] /x]5 eg] To:tf]

s/, z'Ns, b:t'/ / /sd s6fP/ afFsL /x]sf] /sd dfq lghn] kfpg]5 .

-^_ eG;f/ sfof{nodf bflvnf x'g cfPsf] rf]/L k}7f/L jf rf]/L lgsf;L u/]sf]

dfnj:t' 9'jfgL ug{ k|of]u ePsf] ;jf/L ;fwg :yfgfefj jf ;+/If0f ug{ g;lsg] sf/0fn]

;f] sfof{nodf /flv/fVg pko'Qm gb]lvPdf ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[tn] tf]lsPsf] ;ldltaf6

To:tf] ;fwgsf] d"No sfod u/fO{ ;f] d"Nodf tf]lsP adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ug{ u/fpg

;Sg]5 .

-&_ pkbkmf -^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] wgLn]

pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd sfod ePsf] d"No tyf ;f] d"Nodf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg] s/,

z'Ns ;d]t yk u/L x'g cfpg] /sd gub ?k}ofF w/f}6L /fvL ;f] ;jf/L ;fwg 5'6fO{ nfg

lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] w/f}6L /sd lnO{

;f] ;jf/L ;fwg lghnfO{ g} lkmtf{ lbg ;Sg]5 / To;pk/ sf/afxL / lsgf/f x'Fbf ;f] ;jf/L

;fwg hkmt x'g] 7x/]df eG;f/ sfof{non] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] wgLn] To;/L /fv]sf] w/f}6L /sd

;b/:ofxf u/L ;f] ;jf/L ;fwg ;jf/L ;fwgsf] wgLnfO{ g} lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] ;jf/L

;fwg hkmt gx'g] eO{ ;jf/L ;fwgsf] wgLn] lkmtf{ kfpg] lg0f{o ePdf lghn] /fv]sf] w/f}6L

/sd tf]lsP adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .

-(_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; P]g adf]lhd lnnfd

laqmL x'g g;s]sf] jf s'g} lsl;dn] k|of]udf Nofpg g;lsg] dfnj:t'' eG;f/ clws[tn]

tf]lsP adf]lhd ;8fpg, unfpg jf gi6 ug{ ;Sg]5 .

kl/R5]b–!)

eG;f/ Ph]G6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf

%!= eG;f/ Ph]G6sf] Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t' eG;f/

sfof{noaf6 5'6fpg jf eG;f/ sfof{no;Fu ;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu lgsf;L jf k}7f/Lstf{sf]


27

eG;f/ Ph]G6 jf k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf sfd ug{ rfxg] JolQmn] ljefu jf eG;f/ sfof{noaf6

eG;f/ Ph]G6sf] Ohfhtkq lng' kg]{5 .

-@_ eG;f/ Ph]G6sf] Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

%@= eG;f/ Ph]G6 lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg] M s'g} lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug]{

dfnj:t' cfk}mn] g5'6fO{ eG;f/ Ph]G6 dfk{mt 5'6fpg rfx]df jf eG;f/ sfof{no;Fu

;DalGwt s'g} sfo{ cfk}mn] gu/L eG;f/ Ph]G6 dfk{mt u/fpg rfx]df lghn] tf]lsP adf]lhd

eG;f/ Ph]G6 lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .

%#= eG;f/ Ph]G6 dfnj:t'sf] wgL dflgg] M s'g} dfnj:t'sf] wgLn] ;f] dfnj:t' eG;f/

sfof{noaf6 5'6fpgsf] nflu jf o; P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod adf]lhdsf] cGo

sfo{ ug{sf] nflu s'g} JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] eG;f/ Ph]G6 lgo'lQm u/]df To:tf] eG;f/ Ph]G6 ;f]

k|of]hgsf] nflu ;f] dfnj:t'sf] wgL ;/x dflgg]5 .

%$= eG;f/ Ph]G6 lhDd]jf/ x'g] M bkmf %@ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf] eG;f/ Ph]G6n] o; P]g jf

o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod ljk/Lt s'g} sfd u/L dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL

k'¥ofPdf lghn] ;f] gf]S;fgL a/fj/sf] /sd To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd

ltg'{ kg]{5 .

%%= Ohfhtkq lgnDag / /2 x'g ;Sg] M -!_ bkmf %( adf]lhd hl/afgf ePsf] jf o; P]g jf

o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod ljk/Ltsf] s'g} sfd ug]{ eG;f/ Ph]G6nfO{ eG;f/ clws[tn]

Ps dlxgfb]lv 5 dlxgf;Dd lgnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ eG;f/ Ph]G6n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfd t];|f] k6s klg u/]df eG;f/

clws[tn] lghsf] Ohfhqkq /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgnDag ug'{ jf pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkq /2

ug'{cl3 ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] eG;f/ Ph]G6nfO{ ;kmfO k]z ug]{ df}sf lbg'

kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgnDag ePsf]df To:tf] lgnDag cjlwe/ lghn] eG;f/

;DaGwL s'g} sfd ug{ / pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkq /2 ul/Psf] eG;f/ Ph]G6n] k'gM

eG;f/ Ph]G6sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .

%^= lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] M eG;f/ clws[tn] bkmf %% adf]lhd eG;f/ Ph]G6sf] Ohfhtkq lgnDag

jf /2 ug]{ jf lghnfO{ hl/afgf ug]{ u/L lg0f{o u/]sf]df ;f] lg0f{opk/ lrQ ga'‰g] eG;f/

Ph]G6n] To:tf] lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .


28

To:tf] lgj]bgpk/ dxflgb]{zsn] ;fdfGotof tL; lbgleq lg0f{o lbg' kg]{5 / To:tf] lg0f{o

clGtd x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b–!!

b08 ;hfo

%&= b08 ;hfo M -!_ s;}n] s'g} dfnj:t' rf]/L lgsf;L jf rf]/L k}7f/L u/]df jf ug]{ k|oTg

u/]df jf vf; af6f]af6 dfq lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ kfpg] u/L bkmf # adf]lhd af6f]

tf]lsPsf]df ;f] af6f] afx]s cGoqaf6 lgsf;L jf k}7f/L u/]df jf ug]{ k|oTg u/]df eG;f/

clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t' hkmt u/L b]xfosf] v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ / -3_ adf]lhdsf] ljuf]

eP eG;f/ clws[tn] v08 -ª_ / -r_ adf]lhdsf] ljuf] eP lhNnf cbfntn] ;f]

dfnj:t'sf] lauf] adf]lhdsf] hl/afgf jf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] s}b ug{ ;Sg]5 M–

-s_ b'O{ nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L bz nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] lauf]df Ps

dlxgf;Dd,

-v_ bz nfv ?k}ofFb]lv a9L kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] lauf]df Ps

dlxgfb]lv tLg dlxgf;Dd,

-u_ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] lauf]df tLg

dlxgfb]lv 5 dlxgf;Dd,

-3_ krf; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] lauf]df 5

dlxgfb]lv Ps jif{;Dd,

-ª_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] lauf]df Ps

jif{b]lv tLg jif{;Dd,

-r_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L lauf]df tLg jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hkmt x'g] dfnj:t' 9'jfgL ug{ k|of]u ePsf] ;jf/L ;fwg

;f] ;fwgsf] wgLsf] ;xdlt jf hfgsf/Ldf k|of]u ePsf] /x]5 eg]

;DalGwt eG;f/

clws[t jf lhNnf cbfntn] To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg hkmt u/L lghnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b ug{

;Sg]5 . ;jf/L ;fwgsf] wgLsf] ;xdlt jf hfgsf/Llagf ;jf/L rfnsn] hfgfhfgL To:tf]

dfnj:t' 9'jfgL ug{ ;f] ;jf/L ;fwg k|of]u u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] rfnsnfO{

;DalGwt

eG;f/ clws[t jf lhNnf cbfntn] kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf

b'j} ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{ d2t ug]{ jf b'?T;fxg lbg] JolQmnfO{

eG;f/ clws[t jf lhNnf cbfntn] s;"/bf/nfO{ ;/x ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .



29

-$_ s;}n] rf]/L lgsf;L jf rf]/L k}7f/Lsf] dfnj:t' n'sfPdf jf hfgfhfgL /fv]df

eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t' hkmt u/L lghnfO{ bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug{

;Sg]5 .

-%_ s'g} lgsf;Lstf{, k}7f/Lstf{ jf eG;f/ Ph]G6n] dfnj:t'sf] gfd, k|s[lt, ef}lts

ljz]iftf, rfl/lqs u'0f, gfk, cfsf/ tyf u'0f:t/ ;xL eP klg kl/df0f 36L u/L 3f]if0ff

u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ To;/L kl/df0f 36L 3f]if0ff ul/Phlt

dfnj:t'sf] d"Nosf] ztk|ltzt hl/afgf / nfUg] dx;'n lnO{ To:tf] dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug{

;Sg]5 .

-^_ s'g} lgsf;Lstf{, k}7f/Lstf{ jf eG;f/ Ph]G6n] dfnj:t'sf] gfd, k|s[lt, ef}lts

ljz]iftf, rfl/lqs u'0f, gfk, cfsf/ / u'0f:t/ Pj+ kl/df0f ;xL ePklg pTklQsf] d'n's

km/s kf/L 3f]if0ff u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ To:tf] dfnj:t'df

nfUg] dx;'n a/fa/sf] /sd hl/afgf / nfUg] dx;'n lnO{ To:tf] dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug{

;Sg]5 .

-&_ s'g} lgsf;Lstf{ jf eG;f/ Ph]G6n] lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] jf:tljs

kl/df0feGbf a9L kl/df0f 3f]if0ff u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ To;/L

a9L 3f]if0ff ul/Phlt dfnj:t'sf] d"Nosf] b'O{ ;o k|ltzt hl/afgf u/L ;f] Joxf]/f

k|1fkgkqdf pNn]v u/L hfFrkf; ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-*_ s'g} lgsf;Lstf{ jf eG;f/ Ph]G6n] dfnj:t'sf] gfd, k|s[lt, ef}lts ljz]iftf,

rfl/lqs u'0f, gfk, cfsf/ / u'0f:t/dWo] ;a} jf s'g} ljj/0f km/s kf/L 3f]if0ff u/]df

eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t' hkmt u/L To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ lauf] adf]lhd

hl/afgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-(_ k}7f/Lstf{ jf eG;f/ Ph]G6n] Pp6f dfnj:t'nfO{ cs}{ dfnj:t' egL jf Ps

k|sf/sf] kbfy{af6 lgld{t dfnj:t'nfO{ cs}{ k|sf/sf] kbfy{af6 lgld{t dfnj:t' egL jf

dfnj:t'sf] k|s[lt, ef}lts ljz]iftf, rfl/lqs u'0f, gfk, cfsf/ / u'0f:t/dWo] ;a} jf s'g}

s'/f km/s kf/L 3f]if0ff u/]df jf s'g} dfnj:t' 3f]if0ff g} gu/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf]

dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] d"No a/fj/ hl/afgf u/L ;f] dfnj:t' hkmt ug{ jf

lghaf6 ;f] dfnj:t'sf] d"Nosf] b'O{ ;o k|ltzt hl/afgf / nfUg] dx;'n c;"n u/L To:tf]

dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug{ ;Sg]5 .


30

-!)_ s;}n] eG;f/ sfof{nodf hfn;fhL, lst]{ jf gSsnL sfuhft k]z u/L dx;'n

jf /fh:jdf xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPdf jf k'¥ofpg k|oTg u/]df To;/L xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPsf]

jf k'¥ofpg] k|oTg u/]sf] dx;'n jf /fh:j /sdsf] b'O{ ;o k|ltzt hl/afgf jf 5

dlxgfb]lv Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo eG;f/ clws[tn] ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;/sf/L sfuhft

lst]{ u/]sf]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfo jf clwsf/L

;dIf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-!!_ s'g} dfnj:t' wgLn] jf lghsf] Ph]G6n] dfnj:t' rf]/L ug]{ jf ;f] dfnj:t'df

gf]S;fgL k'¥ofpg] dg;fon] s'g} eG;f/ uf]bfd jf ;f] uf]bfddf /x]sf] dfnj:t' s'g} k|sf/n]

vf]n]df eG;f/ clws[tn] lghnfO{ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!@_ s;}n] eG;f/ uf]bfddf /x]sf] dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{nosf] :jLs[ltj]u/

uf]bfdaf6 x6fPdf jf nu]df eG;f/ clws[tn] lghnfO{ lauf] adf]lhd hl/afgf / 5

dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!#_ s;}n] eG;f/ sfof{nosf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf k|of]u ul/Psf] k|1fkgkq jf lnvtsf]

vf; s'/f] e'mÝf] xf] egL hfgfhfgL n]v]df, ;xL5fk u/]df jf k|of]u u/]df jf eG;f/

sfof{nosf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf eG;f/ clws[tn] ;xL u/]sf] jf 5fk nufPsf] lnvt, nfxf jf

;Ln5fk, b:tvt jf c? s'g} lrGx jf ;+s]tnfO{ lst]{ u/]df jf abn]df jf gi6 u/]df

eG;f/ clws[tn] lghnfO{ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf / Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo

ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;/sf/L sfuhft lst]{ u/]sf]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug{sf nflu

;DalGwt lgsfo jf clwsf/L ;dIf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-!$_ eG;f/ uf]bfddf /x]sf dfnj:t' lhDdf /x]sf] sd{rf/L jf JolQmn] To:tf]

dfnj:t' nfk/jfxLk"j{s x/fPdf jf hfgfhfgL gf]S;fgL u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] lghaf6 ;f]

dfnj:t'sf] d"No / nfUg] dx;'n c;"n u/L lghnfO{ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug{

;Sg]5 .

-!%_ cglws[t sd{rf/Ln] eG;f/ uf]bfddf /x]sf] dfnj:t' x6fPdf jf x6fpg] cfb]z

lbPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] lghnfO{ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf

b'j} ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!^_ bkmf &) adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ dfnj:t'sf] wgLn] gSsnL aLn aLhs jf

sfuhft k]z u/]sf] sf/0fn] eG;f/ dx;'ndf km/s kg{ uPsf] b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn]

lghnfO{ eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 5'6fO{{ nu]sf] dfnj:t'sf] lauf]sf] b'O{ ;o k|ltzt hl/afgf jf

Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .



31

-!&_ s;}n] o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf]b]lv afx]s o; P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf

lgod ljk/Lt sfo{ u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] lghnfO{ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug{

;Sg]5 .

%*= afwf la/f]w ug]{nfO{ ;hfo x'g] M s'g} JolQmn] eG;f/ clws[t jf eG;f/ sfof{nosf]

sd{rf/LnfO{ o; P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodn] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ hfgfhfgL

afwf cj/f]w k'¥ofPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] JolQm ;/sf/L sd{rf/L ePdf kfFr xhf/

?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo / cGo JolQm eP 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b

jf Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

%(= eG;f/ Ph]G6nfO{ ;hfo x'g] M -!_ bkmf %& sf] pkbkmf -%_, -^_, -&_, -*_ / -(_ adf]lhdsf]

sfo{ ug]{ eG;f/ Ph]G6nfO{ eG;f/ clws[[tn] tLg xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd

hl/afgf jf Ps dlxgfb]lv 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ eG;f/ Ph]G6nfO{ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;hfo ul/Psf] sf/0fn] dfq o; bkmf

adf]lhd dfnj:t'sf] wgLnfO{ x'g] b08 ;hfo jf hl/afgfaf6 pGd'lQm ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .

^)= k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]] M o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s'g} s;"/ jf sfo{{ k|rlnt sfg"g

adf]lhd b08gLo x'g] /x]5 eg] To:tf] sfg"g adf]lhd ;d]t sf/afxL / ;hfo ug{ o;

P]gn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

^)s= g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL x'g] M o; P]g cGtu{tsf] d'2f g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL x'g]5 .

^)v= d'2fsf] txlssft / bfo/L M -!_ bkmf %& sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ / -r_ adf]lhd

;hfo x'g] d'2fsf] txlssft eG;f/ clws[t jf lghn] tf]lslbPsf] clws[tn] ug]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd txlssft ug]{ clws[tn] d'2fsf] txlssftsf] sfd z'?

ePsf] kRrL; lbgleq ;DalGwt lhNnf cbfnt ;dIf d'2f bfo/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd d'2f bfo/ ug'{ cl3 ;/sf/L jlsnsf] /fo ;Nnfx lng'

kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b–!@

k'g/fjnf]sg tyf k'g/fj]bg ;DaGwL Joj:yf

^!= d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ eG;f/ clws[tn] bkmf !# adf]lhd

u/]sf] lg0f{o jf cfb]zpk/ lrQ ga'‰g] JolQmn] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu To:tf] lg0f{o jf

s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ åf/f yk .


32

cfb]z ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ul7t d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt

;dIf tf]lsP adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg

k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt u7g ug{]5 M–

-s_ /fh:j k|zf;g ;DaGwL 1fg / cg'ej ePsf] lghfdtL

;]jfsf] sDtLdf /fhkqflÍt k|yd >]0fLsf] clws[t – cWoIf

-v_ eG;f/ k|zf;g ;DaGwdf /fhkqflÍt kbdf sDtLdf

tLg jif{sf] cg'ej k|fKt sDtLdf /f=k= l4tLo >]0fLsf]

axfnjfnf JolQm jf ;f]xL cg'ej k|fKt u/L ;f]xL >]0fLsf]

kbaf6 cjsfzk|fKt JolQm Pshgf – ;b:o

-u_ cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ ;DaGwdf /fhkqf+lÍt kbdf sDtLdf

tLg jif{{sf] cg'ej k|fKt sDtLdf /fhkqflÍt låtLo

>]0fLsf] axfnjfnf JolQm Pshgf – ;b:o

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltsf] cWoIf / ;b:osf]

kbfjlw tLg jif{sf] x'g]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f pNn]v ePsf] eP tfklg d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg

;ldltsf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] sfo{ Ifdtfsf] cefj ePdf jf lghn] cfˆgf] kb cg's"nsf]

cfr/0f gu/]df jf OdfGbf/Lk"j{s sfd gu/]df g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ df}sf lbO{

h'g;'s} avt lghnfO{ ;f] kbaf6 x6fpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] o; bkmfad]flhd k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ eG;f/

clws[tn] bkmf !# adf]lhd u/]sf] eG;f/ d"NofÍg 7Ls eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf hfFra'em u/L

eG;f/ clws[tn] u/]sf] d"NofÍgnfO{ g} sfod ug{, ab/ ug{ jf To:tf dfnj:t'sf] o; P]g

adf]lhd d"NofÍg ul/lbg ;Sg]5 . d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] To;/L d"NofÍg sfod

ubf{, ab/ ubf{ jf d"NofÍg ubf{ :ki6 sf/0f / cfwf/ ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ul7t d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo,

clwsf/, sfo{ljlw / ;f] ;ldltsf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kfl/>lds Pj+ ;]jfsf zt{ tf]lsP

adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .

-&_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] JolQmn] To:tf] lgj]bg lbg'cl3 eG;f/

clws[tn] bkmf !# adf]lhd u/]sf] d"NofÍg cg';f/ nfUg] dx;'n /sd eG;f/ sfof{nodf

w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{5 .


33

^@= k'g/fj]bg M -!_ bkmf !# adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o jf cfb]z afx]s o; P]g adf]lhd eG;f/ clws[t

jf cGo sd{rf/Ln] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] eG;f/ dx;'n jf eG;f/ clws[tn] lbPsf] b08 ;hfosf]

cfb]z jf u/]sf] lg0f{o jf bkmf ^! adf]lhd ul7t d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] u/]sf]

lg0f{opk/ lrQ ga'‰g] JolQmn] To;/L eG;f/ dx;'n lgwf{/0f ePsf] jf b08 ;hfo lbPsf]

jf lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdf k'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg lbg] JolQmn] h'g lg0f{o jf cfb]zsf lj?4

k'g/fj]bg ug]{ xf] ;f] lg0f{o jf cfb]z adf]lhd nfUg]] dx;'n / b08 hl/afgfsf] /sd

;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodf a'emfO{ jf w/f}6L /fvL k'g/fj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg lbg] JolQmn] k'g/fj]bg lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq

To:tf] k'g/fj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ bkmf ^! adf]lhd ul7t d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{odf lrQ

ga'em]df eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] lg0f{o ePsf] k}FtL; lbgleq /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdf

k'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

kl/R5]b–!#

sd{rf/LnfO{ x'g] ;hfo ;DaGwL Joj:yf

^#= ph'/L lbg ;lsg] M -!_ eG;f/ clws[t jf eG;f/ sfof{nosf] sd{rf/Ln] of] P]g jf o; P]g

cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod ljk/Lt s'g} sfd u/]sf] jf /fh:jdf xflg k'¥ofPsf] jf lgsf;Lstf{ jf

k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ ablgotk"j{s b'Mv lbg] lgotn] dfq s'g} sfd u/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf ljZjf;

ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f ePdf eG;f/ clws[tsf] xsdf dxflgb]{zs ;dIf / eG;f/

sfof{nosf] sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf ph'/L lbg ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] ph'/Lpk/ dxflgb]{zs jf eG;f/ clws[tn] 5fglag

u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lgj]bsnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] 5fglagaf6 eG;f/ clws[t jf eG;f/ sfof{nosf]

sd{rf/Ln] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{tsf] lgodfjnL ljk/Ltsf] s'g} sfd u/]sf] jf /fh:jdf

xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPsf] jf lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ ablgotk"j{s b'Mv lbg] lgotn]

sfd u/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] eG;f/ clws[tnfO{ dxflgb]{zsn] / eG;f/ sfof{nosf

sd{rf/LnfO{ eG;f/ clws[tn] ljefuLo sf/afxL k|f/De u/L k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd

e|i6frf/ dflgg] sfo{ ePsf] kfOPdf ;DalGwt clwsf/L ;dIf a'emfpg' kg]{5 .


34

^$= sf/afxLsf] ;"rgf / xb Dofb M of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod cg';f/ eGg]

;DemL u/]sf / s'g} sfdsf] ;DaGwdf eG;f/ clws[t jf c? sd{rf/Lpk/ d'2f rnfpg]

sf/0f / jfbL x'g]sf] / lghsf] jf/]; eP jf/];sf] gfd / 7]ufgf vf]nL lnlvt ;"rgf To:tf]

eG;f/ clws[t jf sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfPsf] jf x'nfsåf/f /lhi6/ u/L k7fPsf] / To;sf]

Psk|lt gSsn dxflgb]{zsdf k]z u/]sf] b'O{ dlxgf ggf3L d'2f rNg ;Sg] 5}g .

^%= sd{rf/LnfO{ ;hfo M -!_ eG;f/ ;DaGwL sfd ug]{ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ k|rlnt

lghfdtL ;]jf P]g tyf lgodfjnL adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL rnfOPsf]df ;f] P]g tyf

lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] ;hfo dfq ckof{Kt eof] eGg] clVtof/jfnfnfO{ nfu]df ;f]

;hfodfly ;f] P]g tyf lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] clVtof/jfnfn] b]xfosf sfdaf6 s;}nfO{

ePsf] gf]S;fgL ;a} jf s]xL lgh sd{rf/Lsf] hfohftaf6 c;"npk/ u/L e/fpg] cfb]z lbg

;d]t ;Sg]5 M–

-s_ o; P]gsf] Joj:yf hfgfhfgL pNn‹g u/]sf], jf

-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ xflg gf]S;fgL x'g] u/L s'g} sfd hfgfhfgL jf

abgLot k"j{s u/]sf], jf

-u_ s'g} dfnj:t'sf] ;DaGwdf c;n lgotn] o; P]g adf]lhd cfˆgf]

cf]xbfsf] st{Jo kfng u/]sf]df afx]s cf]xbfsf] x}l;otn] cfk"mn]

hfg]a'e]msf] s'g} ljj/0f cfˆgf] jf cGo s;}sf] kmfObfsf] nflu jf

s;}nfO{ gf]S;fg kfg]{ lgotn] k|sfz u/]df jf cfk"mnfO{ ;'Dk]sf] uf]Ko

/fVg' kg]{ sfds'/f s;}nfO{ b]vfPdf jf s;}nfO{ lbPdf .

-@_ o; P]g adf]lhd clVtof/jfnfn] lbPsf] cfb]zpk/ ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] k|rlnt

lghfdtL ;]jf P]g tyf lgodfjnL cg';f/sf] clVtof/jfnf ;dIf k'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 /

To:tf] clVtof/jfnfn] ;f]xL P]g tyf lgodfjnL adf]lhd k'g/fj]bgsf] lsgf/f ug]{5 .

-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd ePsf] hl/afgf c;"n ubf{ clVtof/jfnfn] cbfntL b08

hl/afgf c;"n ug]{ ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gsf] k|of]u u/L ;f]xL adf]lhd c;"npk/ ug{

;Sg]5 .

-$_ o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] klg s;"/ ug]{ sd{rf/Lpk/ cbfntL sf/afxL

rnfpg ;lsg] k|rlnt sfg"gsf] Joj:yfdf s'g} afwf kf/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .

t/ cbfntL sf/afxL rln;s]kl5 o; bkmf adf]lhd sf/afxL rnfOg] 5}g .


35

^^= c;n lgotn] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLk|lt hjfkmb]xL gx'g] M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f

n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} eG;f/ sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf] st{Jokfngsf] l;nl;nfdf c;n lgotn]

u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLk|lt lgh JolQmut ?kdf hjfkmb]xL x'g] 5}g .

^&= lg/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ dxflgb]{zsn] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf cy{ dGqfnon] /

eG;f/ clws[tn] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf ljefun] jif{df Psk6s lg/LIf0f ug'{

kg]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f ubf{ cGo s'/fsf cltl/Qm lgsf;L jf k}7f/L

ePsf] dfnj:t'sf] dx;'n jf:tljs ?kdf c;"npk/ eP gePsf], bkmf #$ adf]lhd

hfFrkf; kl5sf] k/LIf0f u/] gu/]sf], bkmf &) adf]lhd k|1fkgkq k'g/fjnf]sg u/] gu/]sf],

lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{ dfnj:t' ;dodf lnnfd laqmL u/] gu/]sf], 5'6 ePsf] /fh:j /sd

oyfzL3| c;"n u/] gu/]sf] ;d]t lg/LIf0f u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg dGqfnon] lg/LIf0f u/]sf] eP

dlGqkl/ifb\ / ljefun] lg/LIf0f u/]sf] eP cy{ dGqfno ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 dlGqkl/ifb\n] cy{ dGqfnonfO{ /

cy{ dGqfnon] ljefunfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lgb]{zg kfngf eof] ePg eGg] ;DaGwdf cy{

dGqfnon] cg'udg ug]{5 / pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd dlGqkl/ifb\df k]z ug]{ k|ltj]bgdf ;f]

;DaGwL s'/f ;d]t pNn]v ug]{5 .

kl/R5]b–!$

ljljw

^*= af}l4s ;DklQpk/sf] clwsf/ pNn‹g u/L lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g nfu]sf] dfnj:t' /f]Ssf

ug{ lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} JolQmn] k|fKt u/]sf] k]6]06,

l8hfOg, 6«]8dfs{, k|ltlnlk clwsf/ h:tf af}l4s ;DklQpk/sf] clwsf/ pNn‹g u/L s;}n]

s'g} dfnj:t' k}7f/L jf lgsf;L ug{ nfu]df ;/fsf]/jfnf JolQmn] To:tf] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L

/f]Ssf ug{ k|df0f ;lxt ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[t ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]df ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] dfnj:t'

eG;f/ sfof{nodf /f]Ssf /fvL ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos sf/afxLsf] nflu ;DalGwt lgsfo jf

clwsf/L ;dIf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd n]lvcfPdf To:tf] lgsfo jf clwsf/Ln] ;f] ;DaGwdf

k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL 6'Ëf] nufO{ eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .


36

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lgsfo jf clwsf/Ln] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL

ubf{ To:tf dfnj:t' hkmt x'g] 7x/ u/]df eG;f/ clws[tn] ;f] dfnj:t' To:tf] lgsfo jf

clwsf/L ;dIf a'emfOlbg' kg]{5 .

^(= eG;f/ sfof{no jf uf]bfddf /f]Ssf /x]sf dfnj:t'sf] Ifltk"lt{ M -!_ eG;f/ sfof{no jf

uf]bfddf /x]sf dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{no jf uf]bfdn] Iflt gx'g] u/L ;'/lIft ?kdf /fVg'

kg]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf dfnj:t' rf]l/Pdf, x/fPdf jf k|fs[lts k|sf]k jf

b'3{6gfsf] sf/0fn] jf dfnj:t' /fVg] jf p7fpg] qmddf :jfefljs ?kdf x'g ;Sg] 6'6k'm6

afx]s cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 gi6 ePdf, Iflt ePdf jf Iflt ul/Pdf eG;f/ sfof{no jf ;f]

uf]bfd ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfoaf6 ;f] dfnj:t'sf] wgLn] To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] Ifltk"lt{ tf]lsP

adf]lhd e/fO{ lng kfpg]5 .

t/, To:tf] dfnj:t'df lghsf] xs :yflkt geO{ lghn] Ifltk"lt{sf] bfaL ug{;Sg]

5}g .

&)= k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 hfFrkf; ePsf] dfnj:t'sf] k|1fkgkq

dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ePsf] ldltn] rf/ jif{leq ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[t jf lghn] v6fPsf]

sd{rf/Ln] k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ c;"n ug'{ kg]{ dx;'n c;"n ug{ 5'6

ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLaf6 To;/L 5'6 ePsf] dx;'n ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x

c;"npk/ ul/g]5 .

&!= rf]/L lgsf;L jf k}7f/L kqmfp ug]{ jf ;'/fs lbg] JolQmnfO{ k'/:sf/ lbg] M -!_ s;}n] s'g}

dfnj:t' rf]/L lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ nfu]sf] jf u/]sf] s'/fsf] ;'/fs lbg] jf To:tf]

dfnj:t' kqmfp u/L eG;f/ sfof{nodf bflvnf ug]{ sd{rf/L jf JolQmnfO{ To:tf] sfo{

k|dfl0ft x'g cfPdf tf]lsP adf]lhd k'/:sf/ lbOg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k'/:sf/ ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{non] To:tf] rf]/L

lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ePsf] dfnj:t' lnnfd laqmL u/L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] /sdaf6 lbg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] To:tf]

dfnj:t'' s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfonfO{{ k|of]u ug{ lbg] lg0f{o u/]df ;f] lgsfon] tf]lsPsf]

;ldltaf6 ;f] dfnj:t''sf]] d"No lgwf{/0f u/fO{ ;f] d"Nosf] cfwf/df pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf]


37

k'/:sf/sf] /sd ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 / eG;f/ sfof{non]

;f] /sd ;'/fsL / kqmfp ug]{ ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ pknAw u/fpg]5 .

-$_ eG;f/ sfof{non] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd rf]/L lgsf;L jf k}7f/Lsf] ;'/fs lbg]

;'/fsLsf] gfd, y/ / ljj/0f uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{5 .

-%_ k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; P]g adf]lhdsf]

;'/fsLsf] gfd, y/ / ljj/0f sfg"gad]flhd cg';Gwfg ug]{ lgsfon] cg';Gwfgsf]

l;nl;nfdf jf cbfntaf6 dfu ePsf]df afx]s s'g} JolQm jf lgsfonfO{ pknAw u/fpg

eG;f/ clws[t afWo x'g] 5}g / ;'/fsL lbPsf] sf/0fn] dfq lghnfO{ s'g} cbfnt, lgsfo jf

sfof{nodf pkl:yt x'g afWo ul/g] 5}g .

-^_ ;'/fsL k|ltj]bg lng] tyf k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP

adf]lhd x'g]5 .

&@= ljnDa z'Ns -8]d/]h_ nfUg] M -!_ eG;f/ sfof{non] ;~rfng u/]sf] eG;f/ uf]bfddf /x]sf

dfnj:t'x? To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] wgLn] tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq hfFrkf; u/fO{ gnu]df tf]lsP

adf]lhdsf] ljnDa z'Ns -8]d/]h_ nfUg]5 .

t/, dfnj:t'sf] d"NofÍg ug{, juL{s/0f ug{ jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] eG;f/

clws[tnfO{ låljwf eO{ hfFrkf; x'g g;s]sf dfnj:t'sf] ljnDa z'Ns -8]d/]h_ nfUg] 5}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} dfnj:t'df nfu]sf] ljnDa

z'Ns -8]d/]h_ s'g} vf; kl/l:ylt jf cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf sf/0fn] ldgfxf lbg' kg]{

dgfl;a sf/0f ePdf tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Ln] tf]lsP adf]lhd cf+lzs jf k"0f{?kn] ldgfxf lbg

;Sg]5 .

= hl/afgf glt/];Dd dfnj:t' p7fpg gkfpg] M s'g} dfnj:t'sf] ;DaGwdf ;f] dfnj:t'sf]

wgLnfO{ o; P]g adf]lhd hl/afgf jf a9L dx;'n nfu]df ;f] hl/afgf jf a9L dx;'n

glt/];Dd lghn] To:tf] dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 p7fpg kfpg] 5}g .

&$= 5'6 /sd jf hl/afgf ltg{'kg]{ M -!_ o; P]g jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} JolQmn] eG;f/

sfof{nodf a'emfpg' kg]{ dx;'n, hl/afgf jf cGo s'g} /sd s'g} dfnj:t'sf] d"NofÍg jf

juL{s/0f ubf{ jf ul0ftLo e"n jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] 5'6 ePsf] s'/f kl5af6 b]lvg cfPdf

To;/L 5'6 ePsf] /sd To:tf] eG;f/ sfof{non] lghaf6 t'?Gt c;"npk/ ug]{5 .


38

-@_ ;DalGwt JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] /sd ga'emfPdf ;f] sfof{non]

lghsf] sf/f]af/ /f]Ssf /fvL ;f]xL sfof{no jf cGo eG;f/ sfof{nodf /x]sf] lghsf] h'g;'s}

dfnj:t' tf]lsP adf]lhd lnnfd u/L jf ug{ nufO{ ;f] /sd c;"npk/ ug]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ ad]flhd lnnfd ubf{ jf ug{ nufpFbf k|fKt ePsf] /sdaf6 ;d]t

pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] dx;'n /sd jf hl/afgf c;"npk/ x'g g;s]df ;f] dx;'n jf

hl/afgf jf /sd lghaf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;"npk/ ul/g] 5 .

&%= eG;f/ dx;'n jf hl/afgf lkmtf{ lbg] M -!_ s'g} lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] lgsf;L jf

k}7f/L ubf{ sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg]eGbf a9L eG;f/ dx;'n a'emfPsf] /x]5 eg] ;DalGwt

eG;f/ sfof{non] lghnfO{ To:tf] a9L eG;f/ dx;'n tf]lsP adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf eG;f/

dx;'n lkmtf{ x'g] 5}g M–

-s_ dfnj:t' 5'6fPsf] ;f7L lbgleq To:tf] dx;'n lkmtf{ lng ;DalGwt

eG;f/ sfof{nodf lgj]bg glbPdf, jf

-v_ lkmtf{sf] nflu bfaL ul/Psf] cÍ kfFr ;o ?k}ofFeGbf sd ePdf .

-#_ eG;f/ clws[tn] c;"n u/]sf] dx;'n jf hl/afgfpk/ o; P]g adf]lhd k/]sf]

k'g/fj]bgpk/ lg0f{o x'Fbf To;/L c;"n ePsf] ;a} jf s]xL dx;'n jf hl/afgf gnfUg] u/L

lg0f{o ePdf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] lg0f{opk/ yk k'g/fj]bg

gnfUg] cj:yfdf jf cg'dlt k|fKt gx'g] egL ;DalGwt cbfntaf6 lg0f{o ePkl5 dfq

eG;f/ clws[tn] ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ To:tf] eG;f/ dx;'n jf hl/afgf lkmtf{ lbg]5 .

&^= dfnj:t'sf] wgL jf Ph]G6df lhDd]jf/L /xg] M -!_ eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 bkmf @* jf @(

adf]lhd hfFr u/L bkmf @# adf]lhd hfFrkf; ul/Psf] dfnj:t' kl5 clwsf/k|fKt

clwsf/Ln] eG;f/ If]qleq jf aflx/ vf]nL hfFr ubf{ k}7f/Lstf{n] k]z u/]sf] aLn, aLhs

cGo sfuhft jf ljj/0f;Fu ef/L jf kf]sfleqsf] dfnj:t' jf cbt km/s b]lvPdf ;f]sf]

lhDd]jf/L dfnj:t'sf] wgL jf lghsf] Ph]G6df /xg]5 .

-@_ s'g} dfnj:t' sfg"g adf]lhd k}7f/L u/L NofPsf] xf] jf ;f] dfnj:t'df sfg"g

adf]lhd nfUg] dx;'n lt/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fsf] eG;f/ clws[tnfO{ lrQ a '‰g] u/L k|df0f

bflvn ug]{ pQ/bfloTj ;f] dfnj:t' ;fydf /fVg] JolQmsf] x'g]5 .

&&= dfnwgLn] vr{ Joxf]g'{ kg]{ M dfnj:t'x? af]Sg], hfFRg / vf]Ngsf] nflu plrt 7fpFdf

k'¥ofpg], oGqdf /fVg] / lemSg], vf]Ng], 5'6\ofpg] / dfnj:t'sf] jf ;f] dfnj:t' /x]sf]


39

sG6]g/, afs;, ´f]nf, Kofs]6, af]/f jf o:t} cGo KoflsË ;fdu|Ldf lrGx nufpg] cflb

sfd dfnj:t'wgLn] cfˆg} vr{df ug'{ kg]{5 .

&*= k|ltlnlk lbg ;lsg] M -!_ eG;f/ sfof{nodf /x]sf] s'g} k|df0fkq, aLn jf cGo sfuhftsf]

k|ltlnlk lng rfxg] ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQmn] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ ;+nUg u/L lgj]bg lbg

;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bg hfFra'em u/L lgj]bsnfO{ To:tf] aLn jf

sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlk ;DalGwt eG;f/ clws[tn] lbg ;Sg]5 .

&(= k}7f/L ePsf] dfnj:t'sf] k|df0fkq lbg] M ljb]zdf laqmL s/ jf cGo s'g} s/ nfUg] dfnj:t'

k}7f/L ug]{ JolQmn] To; ;DaGwL k|df0fkq lngsf] nflu ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodf

b/vf:t lbPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] lgj]bsaf6 tf]lsP adf]lhd b:t'/ lnO{ lgj]bsnfO{ tf]lsP

adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf k|df0fkq lbg ;Sg]5 .

*)= hfgsf/L dfu ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ k}7f/Lstf{n] cfkm"n] k}7f/L u/]sf] dfnj:t''sf] eG;f/ d"No

lgwf{/0f ug{ eG;f/ sfof{non] cjnDag u/]sf] cfwf/sf ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt eG;f/

sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbO{ hfgsf/L dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df ;f] sfof{non] lghnfO{ To:tf] hfgsf/L

;ft lbgleq lbg' kg]{5 .

*!= Dofb hf/L tyf sf/afxL / lsgf/f M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPtfklg o; P]g

cGtu{tsf] s;"/sf] l;nl;nfdf eG;f/ clws[t jf lghn] clwsf/ k|bfg u/]sf] eG;f/

sfof{nosf] cGo clws[t sd{rf/Ln] ;DalGwt JolQmsf gfddf z'? Dofb hf/L ubf{ tf]lsP

adf]lhd hf/L ug]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] Dofb ydfpg kfOg] 5}g .

-#_ o; P]g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] d'2f eG;f/ clws[tn] ;fdfGotof tLg dlxgfleq

lsgf/f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq lsgf/f ug{ g;s]df ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{

dxflgb]{zsnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .

*@= ;"rgf hf/L ug]{ t/Lsf M o; P]g / o; cGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf 5'§} Joj:yf ePsf]dfafx]s

eG;f/ sfof{nosf] sfd sf/afxL;Fu ;/f]sf/ ePsf] jf x'g;Sg] JolQmsf] gfddf ;f]


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sfof{non] JolQmut jf ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L ubf{ ;ft lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd

;"rgf hf/L ug'{ kg]{5 .

*#= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] o; P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]

lgod adf]lhd cfk"mn] kfPsf] ;a} jf s]xL clwsf/ g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L

dxflgb]{zs jf ;f] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] c? s'g} clwsf/LnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ o; P]g adf]lhd dxflgb]{zsn] cfk"mnfO{ k|fKt ePsf] clwsf/dWo]

cfjZostfg';f/ s]xL clwsf/ cfˆgf] dftxtsf clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{

;Sg]5 .

*$= cy{ dGqfnon] clwsf/L tf]sL clwsf/ ;'Dkg ;Sg] M o; P]g cGtu{t eG;f/ clws[tnfO{

ePsf] ;a} jf s]xL clwsf/ cy{ dGqfnon] s'g} clwsf/LnfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .

*%= cy{ dGqfnon] s'g} clwsf/LnfO{ tf]Sg ;Sg] M -!_ eG;f/ clws[t jf cGo sd{rf/L ;d]t

ldnL o; P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod ljk/Lt s'g} sfo{ ug{ nfu]sf] jf ul//x]sf]

jf u/]sf] 5 eGg] ph"/L k/]df cy{ dGqfnon] ;f] sfd ;DaGwL sf/afxL ug{ csf]{ eG;f/

clws[t jf cGo clwsf/LnfO{ tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Ln] To:tf] sf/afxL o; P]g adf]lhd ug'{

kg]{5 .

*^= cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/ x'g] M o; P]gsf] k|of]hgsf nflu eG;f/ clws[tnfO{

;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ lemsfpg], aofg u/fpg], k|df0f a '‰g] / lnvtx? k]z ug{ nufpg] /

d'2fsf] k'k{If ug{] ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd z'? cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/

x'g]5 .

*&= ;xof]u / d2t lbg] st{Jo M eG;f/ clws[t jf c? sd{rf/Ln] o; P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t

ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd cfˆgf] st{Jo kfng / clwsf/ k|of]u ubf{ k|x/L tyf cGo ;/sf/L

sd{rf/L;Fu s'g} k|sf/sf] ;xof]u jf d2t dfu u/]df To:tf] ;xof]u jf d2t lbg' To:tf]

k|x/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

**= cGo lgsfon] x:tIf]k ug{ gx'g] M lgsf;L jf k}7f/Lsf] nflu eG;f/ sfof{noleq /x]sf]

dfnj:t'' ;f] sfof{noaf6 hfFrkf; eO{ eG;f/ If]qaf6 gx6fOP;Dd ;f] dfnj:t''sf

;DaGwdf s'g} clwsf/L jf lgsfon] s'g} k|sf/sf] x:tIf]k ug{ x'Fb}g .

*(= dfnj:t''sf] zLif{s jf pkzLif{s tf]Sg] clwsf/ M -!_ eG;f/ dx;'n lgwf{/0f ubf{ s'g}

dfnj:t'' xfdf]{gfOH8\ k4ltsf] s'g zLif{s jf pkzLif{sdf k5{ eGg] s'/fdf låljwf pTkGg


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ePdf eG;f/ clws[tn] ;f] dfnj:t'nfO{ dxflgb]{zsn] tf]lslbP adf]lhdsf] zLif{s jf

pkzLif{sdf juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ s'g} lgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{n] dfnj:t'' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g'k"j{ g} To:tf]

dfnj:t''sf] j:t' auL{s/0fsf] zLif{s jf pkzLif{s tf]lslbgsf] nflu ;DalGwt ljifosf]

ljz]if1 ;d]t /x]sf] tf]lsPsf] ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg lbPdf ;f] ;ldltn]] dfnj:t'sf] gd"gf

;d]t hfFrL To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] zLif{s jf pkzLif{s tf]lslbg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dxflgb]{zsn] / pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;ldltn] zLif{s jf

pkzLif{s tf]Sbf ljZj eG;f/ ;‹7gsf] xfdf]{gfOH8\ l;i6dsf] cflwsfl/s k|ltnfO{ cfwf/

lnO{ tf]Sg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd dfnj:t''sf] zLif{s jf pkzLif{s tf]Sg] k|of]hgsf]

nflu ;DalGwt ljz]if1 jf /fli6«o jf cGt/f{li6«o lgsfosf] /fo lng ;lsg]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] cGo sfd tyf a}7s ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw

tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

()= cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg] M o; P]g sfof{Gjog ubf{ s'g} afwf c8\sfp k/]df ;f] afwf c8\sfp

x6fpgsf] nflu cy{ dGqfnon] o; P]gsf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg

ug{ ;Sg]5 .

(!= sf/afxL ug]{ clwsf/ M eG;f/ If]q afx]s cGoqaf6 eG;f/ dx;'n 5nL dfnj:t' Nofpg

nfu]sf avt s;}n] kqmfp u/L o; P]g cg';f/ sf/afxLsf nflu k]z u/]df ;f]pk/

sf/afxL ug]{ clwsf/ dxflgb]{zs jf lghn] v6fPsf] clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 .

(@= lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_ o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgodx?

agfpg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgsf;L

jf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t''sf ;DaGwdf pTklQsf] lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 .

(#= lgb]{lzsf agfpg ;Sg] clwsf/ M ljefun] o; P]g jf o; cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf] cwLgdf

/xL eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 dfnj:t'sf] d"NofÍg ug]{ k|lqmof, dfnj:t'sf] hfFrkf; ug]{ k|lqmof

tyf dfnj:t' lnnfd ug]{ ;DaGwdf lgb]{lzsf agfpg ;Sg]5 .

($= vf/]hL tyf arfp M -!_ eG;f/ P]g, @)!( vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .


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-@_ eG;f/ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] eG;f/ ljefu tyf eG;f/

sfof{nox? o;} P]g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] dflgg]5g\ .

-#_ eG;f/ P]g, @)!( cGtu{t ePsf sfd sf/afxLx? o;} P]g adf]lhd eP u/]sf

dflgg]5g\ .

b|i6Jo M cfly{s P]gaf6 k|To]s jif{ ePsf ;+zf]lwt Joj:yf o;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5}g .

Documents

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