La manipulation

> Du plus simple vers le plus complexe (reproduction d’un énoncé à partir d’un modèle si nécessaire puis opérations syntaxiques plus complexes: changement de personne, de genre, de nombre, de temps, d’aspect, de forme (affirmative, négative, interrogative…)…

> Du guidé vers l’autonomie

> Celle-ci peut se faire de diverses manières mais doit respecter certains principes.

> Le déficit d’informations doit être privilégié afin d’aller vers un besoin de communication le plus authentique possible (échange d’informations).

> L’enseignant doit réfléchir à la forme que la manipulation va prendre (dirigée par l’enseignant? Par pairwork? Groupes de quatre? Dans quel but?). Le pairwork n’est pas un passage obligé mais doit servir un but.

A partir des textes suivants, ciblez un fait de langue et imaginez une activité de manipulation.

By Kristen Little

Although it has been proved that the use of mobile phones over a long period of time can raise the risk

of brain tumors, the number of mobiles in Britain has doubled to 50 million since the first government-

sponsored report in 2000. Sales have gone sky high these recent years in Great Britain. They are so useful

now that people can’t live without them. Mobiles have also become essential items for teenagers. We have

interviewed a British student about what he likes about his own cell phone and cell phones in general:

“Man, cell phones are really fun; you can play for hours with them. Those little things are becoming

so modern. Thanks to them, you can listen to music, take photos and download songs. Besides, they are

very practical to keep in touch with your friends because you can send text messages and emails. They

are very discreet too; You can easily cheat during an exam like those 26 students recently did in Japan.

But they can be really complicated; you can easily be lost with all those functions. I often need

directions for use and I’m sure I only use half of my mobile’s capacity. Because of all these functions, I

almost forget that I can use it simply as a phone!

Everyone at school will be impressed if you have the latest model. You can almost wear them like

jewels because they are so small and beautiful. But be careful, you can easily loose them because they are

very light.”

Speakeasy, November 2002

Chicago was created in 1833 with a

population of 350 inhabitants. Chicago is

now the third largest city in the United

States. It is smaller than New York and Los

Angeles, but it is bigger than towns like

Phoenix, or Dallas. Over three million

people now live in the 225 miles area of

Chicago.

The world’s first skyscraper was built in

Chicago in 1885.

Today, some of the world’s tallest and most

famous skyscrapers are found in the city.

Located in the heart of the city is the one

hundred and ten story Sears Tower, which

is among the most famous skyscrapers ever

built. Only Taipei 101 is taller than the

Sears tower.

Chicago is often called «Windy City». It is

assumed that this is due to the city’s

weather, but in the 1990’s, 11 major U.S.

cities registered a more important average

annual wind speed than Chicago.

Exemple de manipulation pour « for » ou « since »